JP3977539B2 - Aluminum material - Google Patents

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JP3977539B2
JP3977539B2 JP03537599A JP3537599A JP3977539B2 JP 3977539 B2 JP3977539 B2 JP 3977539B2 JP 03537599 A JP03537599 A JP 03537599A JP 3537599 A JP3537599 A JP 3537599A JP 3977539 B2 JP3977539 B2 JP 3977539B2
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aluminum material
rough surface
glossy
brightness
surface portion
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JP2000234199A (en
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由美子 塚本
武正 山本
健 海老原
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Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd
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Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、押出形材等のアルミニウム材であって、所謂梨地肌に均一な光沢を発する高級感のある表面を有するアルミニウム材及びその製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
建物の窓や玄関の建具には、アルミニウム合金からなる押出形材や板材が広汎に使用されている。また、ビルの外壁や内装の建材にも上記押出形材や板材が広く使用されている。これらの形材や板材のアルミニウム材の表面は、一般に陽極酸化処理による陽極酸化皮膜(アルマイト)層が形成され、防食と美観を保っている。ところで、表面に単に酸化皮膜層を形成したアルミニウム材は銀白色を呈する反面、軽薄な印象を周囲に与える。そこで、アルミニウム材の表面に任意の着色を施すため、上記酸化皮膜層中の多数の微細な孔内に金属又は金属酸化物を充填して、例えばブロンズ等の色彩を与えることも行われている。
【0003】
更に、上記酸化皮膜層による銀白色や着色皮膜層を表面に有するアルミニウム材は、全体として高めの光沢を有するため、落ち着きのない印象を与え易い。これを解決すべく、予めアルミニウム材の表面にショットブラストを施し且つ着色皮膜層を形成した後、これと異なる色彩の塗膜を被覆し、更にこの塗膜の一部を払拭する処理方法も提案されている(特開昭59−31892号公報参照)。
これによれば、ブラスト処理による梨地肌と着色皮膜層及び表面塗膜の複合色による重厚感に冨み深淵な印象を周囲に与えることができる。
【0004】
【発明が解決すべき課題】
しかしながら、上記表面処理方法ではアルミニウム材の表面は梨地肌であるため、その光沢が低いため薄い印象を与えるに留まるという問題点があった。しかも、社会における価値観の多様化に伴い色彩の他、光沢についても多様なニーズが求められる現在において、好みの彩色と共に適度な光沢を表面に有し高級感を与えるアルミニウム材が要求されているが、これを満足するアルミニウム材やその製造方法は提案されていなかった。
本発明は、以上に説明した従来の技術における問題点を解決し、深み乃至落ち付きを有し且つ適度な光沢・輝きを表面に有して高級感を与えるアルミニウム材とこれを得るための製造方法を提案することを課題とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、発明者らの鋭意研究の結果、アルミニウム材の表面において粗面部分及び光沢を得る部分を所定の割合にすることにより、表面に任意の彩色と適度な光沢を有するアルミニウム材が得られるとの知見により成されたものである。
即ち、本発明のアルミニウム材(請求項1)は、ショットブラストを施したアルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金からなる素材の表面が、その60〜80%を占めるRz:20μm以上の粗面部と、この粗面部以外の表面内に略均一に分布し且つ斑点状に互いに離間して複数形成され、Rz:1μm以下であり且つ平面視の大きさが円相当径で100μm〜400μmの範囲内にある光沢部と、を併有すると共に、上記粗面部と光沢部とからなる表面全体の輝き度Sが3〜8であり、係る粗面部及び光沢部の表面に、陽極酸化皮膜層が形成されている、ことを特徴とする。
これによれば、微細な凹凸により光を拡散反射する光沢の低い所謂梨地肌を呈する粗面部の生地と、この粗面部内に略均一に分布し且つ平坦で光を鏡面反射する光沢度の高い複数の光沢(残存)部とが表面に併存している
このため、粗面部による落ち着いた地肌に光沢部による輝きが均一に加わるので、人が目視した際に、奥行き(深み)と適度な明るさ・輝きとを併有する高級感を与えることが可能となる。しかも、粗面部及び光沢部の表面に陽極酸化皮膜層が形成されているため、係る表面に耐食性が付与され、上記アルミニウム材を建材等に適用した場合、高級感を有しつつ耐久性及び寿命を高めることができる
尚、輝き度Sは、同じ入射光から生じる拡散反射強度と鏡面反射強度との比によって測定され、例えば、アルミニウム材の表面に対し垂直線の角度を0°とした場合、−45°の入射光によって生じる拡散反射光のうちで−35°の拡散反射領域における反射強度s1を分母とし、+45°の鏡面反射領域における反射強度s2を分子とした比(s2/s1)が輝き度Sとなる。
【0006】
上記粗面部をRz(表面粗さ)20μm以上としたのは係る大きさの凹凸により所謂梨地面が形成できるためである。また、その広さが表面全体の80%を超えると梨地肌部分が広くなり過ぎるため高級感が得られず、一方、粗面部の面積比が60%未満になるとベースとなる梨地肌部分が少なくなり且つ光沢部が広くなるため、斑点状に分布する粗面部が表面の汚れのような印象を与える。従って、これらを避けるため上記の範囲とした。
また、光沢部をRz1μm以下としたのは平行光による鏡面反射を得るためである。しかも、その大きさを円相当径で100μm〜400μmの範囲内としたのは、100μmよりも小さくなると目視において光沢部による輝きを感じることができなくなり、一方400μmよりも大きくなると目視において光沢部を模様として感じ、高級感が薄れてくるため、これらの範囲を除外したものである。
更に、輝き度Sを3〜8としたのは、3未満では光沢部が小さく且つ少ないため地味になり、一方、輝き度Sが8を越えると光沢部が過大となり且つ互いに接続し易くなるので、これらを除いた範囲とした。この輝き度Sは、後述するように、同じ入射光から生じる拡散反射強度と鏡面反射強度との比により測定される
尚、Rz1μm超〜20μm未満の範囲は、後述する粒度分布のショットを用いることにより、可及的に小さくすることができる。また、Rzは表面粗さにおける十点平均粗さ(JIS:B0601)を示す。
【0007】
に、前記陽極酸化皮膜層の中に、更に電解着色層が形成されている、アルミニウム材(請求項2)も含まれる。
これによれば、上記に加えて粗面部と光沢部との間における明度差、彩度差、及び/又は色相差が形成されるので、例えば明度差により一層深みのある色調を呈する表面を有するアルミニウム材にすることができる。
【0008】
尚、前記アルミニウム材を得るには、前記粗面部と複数の前記光沢部とを併有し且つ前記範囲の輝き度Sの表面を有するアルミニウム材の製造方法であって、例えば、アルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金からなる素材の表面全体がRzで1μm以下の平坦な光沢面であり、約1メートル/分の送り速度で送られる上記表面に対し、最大粒径が1mm以下であって且つ粒径が350μm以上のものを70vol%以上含むアルミナ粒子を用い、ショット圧力1〜2kg/cmの範囲内でショットブラストを施す工程、を含む、製造方法が挙げられる。
これによる場合記高級感を与える表面を有するアルミニウム材を確実に提供することが可能となる。
前記ショットにアルミナ粒子を用いるのは、硬質で微細な凹凸を容易に形成でき且つアルミニウム材の表面に残留した場合、後工程の陽極酸化処理等で悪影響を及ぼさないためである。このため、同様の作用効果が得られる他のセラミック、砂、又は金属粒子を用いることも可能である。
【0009】
また、アルミナ粒子につき粒径350μm以上のものを70vol%以上含むとしたのは、光沢部の大きさを円相当径で100μm以上にするためである。即ち、粒径350μm以上のものが70vol%未満では、形成される光沢部の大きさが円相当径で100μm未満となって、目視で光沢部による輝きを視認し難くなり高級感が薄れてくるため、これを除外したものである。
更に、粒子の最大粒径を1mm以下としたのは、これが1mmを超えると該粒子によって形成される凹みが大きくなり過ぎ、目視で穴又は窪みと視認してしまい、表面の高級感が薄れてくるので、これを除外したものである。
加えて、係る粒度分布のアルミナ粒子を用いることで、前記アルミニウム材の表面におけるRz1μm超〜20μm未満の粗さ面を可及的に少なくできる
【0010】
また、前記ショットブラスト工程の後に、更に陽極酸化処理、及び/又は、上記陽極酸化皮膜層に対し着色処理を施す工程を有する、アルミニウム材の製造方法も含まれる。これによれば、表面の耐食性を向上させ、これに加えて粗面部と光沢部との間における明度差、彩度差、及び/又は、色相差を形成できるので、例えば明度差により深みのある色調を呈する表面を有するアルミニウム材を得ることが可能となる。尚、上記陽極酸化処理には、所謂硫酸法又は蓚酸法等の公知の方法が適用される。また、上記着色処理には、金属塩浴内においてCo,Ni,Sn,Zn,Cu等の金属成分や金属酸化物を陽極酸化皮膜中における多数の孔内に充填させる電解着色処理等が用いられる。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下において本発明の実施に好適な形態を図面と共に説明する。
先ず、アルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金(以下単にアルミニウムとする)の押出形材又は板材(素材:以下アルミニウム材と称する)1を公知の製造方法により用意する。図1(A)及び(a)に示すように、係るアルミニウム材1の表面2は、全体がRzで1μm以下の平坦な光沢面6からなる。
次に、このアルミニウム材1の表面2に対しアルミナ粒子を用いてショットブラストを施す。このアルミナ粒子は最大粒径が1mm以下で且つ粒径350μm以上のものを70vol%以上含んでいる。また、アルミニウム材1の送り速度は約1メートル/分程度とし、且つショット圧力は1〜2kg/cm2の範囲内で適宜選択される。尚、上記送り速度を遅くするか又はショット圧力を上げると、下記粗面部4を広くし且つ光沢部6を狭くでき、これらの面積比を容易に調整できる。
【0012】
その結果、図1(B)に示すように、アルミニウム材1の表面2において、表面粗さがRzで20μm以上の凹凸を有する粗面部4と、この粗面部4内に略均一に分布し且つ斑点状に互いに離間する複数の光沢部6,6,…とが形成される。
図1(b)の断面図に示すように、粗面部4はRzで20μm以上の微細な凹凸5を有し、その間にRzで1μm以下の平坦な表面8の光沢部6が形成される。粗面部4の凹凸5に平行光が反射すると、あらゆる方向に光が反射する拡散反射が生じ、光沢部6の表面8に平行光が反射すると入射角と対称の反射角に沿って平行光が反射する、所謂鏡面反射を生じる。従って、粗面部4による落ち着いた梨地ベース肌に光沢部6による輝きが均一に加わるので、人が目視した際に奥行き乃至深みと適度な明るさ・輝きを有する高級感を与えることが可能となる。
【0013】
更に、図2(A)に示す粗面部4及び多数の光沢部6を有する上記表面2に対し、陽極酸化処理を施す。すると、図2(B)に示すように、粗面部4の凹凸5及び各光沢部6の表面8に沿って表面全体に略均一な厚さの陽極酸化皮膜層10が形成される。この皮膜層10は厚さ数μm〜50μmのアルミナ層からなり、且つ厚さ方向に沿って細径の孔(図示せず)が多数内包されている。係る各孔を直ちに公知の方法により封孔処理しても良い。或いは、この皮膜層10の上に公知の電着塗装又はスプレー塗装を施すこともできる。これらにより、上記高級感と共に耐食性も併有させることができ、窓枠や内外装材等の建材として活用すると高級感の印象を長期間に渉って周囲に与えることができる。
【0014】
加えて、上記皮膜層10に対し着色処理を施すことも可能である。
係る着色処理には、例えば金属塩浴を用いて金属成分又は金属酸化物を皮膜層10の各孔内に充填させる公知の電解着色処理が用いられる。この電解着色処理は、Co,Ni,Cu等の金属塩浴中に浸漬したアルミニウム材1に対し交流、矩形波電流又はパルス電流を供給して電解することにより、Co,Ni,Cu等の金属成分又は金属酸化物を陽極酸化皮膜層10の各孔中に充填させるものである。これらの後に前記封孔処理が施され、或いはこの皮膜層10の上に電着塗装又はスプレー塗装が必要に応じて施される。
【0015】
図2(C)に示すように、上記着色処理を施すと、皮膜層10における表面2の面方向、即ち図示で左右方向に沿って着色層12が形成される。従って、着色層12が被覆されることにより、粗面部4と光沢部6間における明度差、彩度差、及び/又は、色相差が形成されるので、例えば明度差により一層深みのある色調を呈する表面2とすることが可能となる。
【0016】
【実施例】
以下において本発明の具体的な実施例を比較例と共に説明する。
アルミニウム合金(JIS:A6063)からなる同じ形状とサイズを有する押出形材を複数個用意し、実施例1〜6及び比較例1〜4とした。比較例1を除き、表1中に示す条件でアルミナ粒子によるショットブラストを施した。このアルミナ粒子の組成は、アルミナ;96.6wt%,TiO2;2.4wt%,SiO2;0.6wt%,その他を含むものである。
【0017】
また、アルミナ粒子の粒径は、実施例1,2,4〜6では最大粒径が840μmで且つ粒径420〜520μmが70vol%以上(平均粒径500μm)であり、実施例3では最大粒径が1000μmで且つ粒径500〜710μmが70vol%以上(平均粒径600μm)である。また、比較例2,4では最大粒径が420μmで且つ粒径210〜297μmが65vol%以上(平均粒径250μm)であり、比較例3では最大粒径が1190μmで且つ粒径590〜710μmが70vol%以上(平均粒径700μm)である。
そして、各例の表面における粗面部と光沢部の表面粗さRzを表面粗さ計で測定し、それぞれRz20μm以上の粗面部及びRz1μm以下の光沢部を確認した後、各粗面部の面積率を測定して、表1中に示した。尚、Rz1μm超〜20μm未満の表面粗さの範囲は極く少ないので除外した。
【0018】
次いで、実施例2〜6と比較例1〜4の表面に対し、硫酸法による陽極酸化処理を施し各例の表面に平均膜厚10μmの陽極酸化層を形成した。この処理は、硫酸160g/リットルで23℃の電解液を用い、且つ電流密度150A/m2,通電時間23分間の条件で行った。得られた陽極酸化層に対し実施例4,5例を除いて封孔処理を施した。
更に、実施例4,5の表面における上記陽極酸化層に対し、引き続き表1中に示す金属塩浴を用いた電解着色処理(着色処理)を施した後、封孔処理した。
【0019】
【表1】

Figure 0003977539
【0020】
以上の実施例1〜3,6及び比較例1〜4について、表面に分布する各光沢部による輝き度を同じ入射光から生じる拡散反射強度と鏡面反射強度との比によって測定した。この方法は、図3に示すように、表面2に対し垂直線の角度を0°とした場合、−45°の入射光によって生じる拡散反射光のうちで−35°の拡散反射領域における反射強度s1を分母とし、+45°の鏡面反射領域における反射強度s2を分子とした比(s2/s1)を輝き度Sとした。
具体的には、各例の表面2に対し、変角分光光度計(村上色彩技術研究所製のGSP-2)を用いて上記各反射強度s1,s2を測定し、且つ輝き度Sを算出した。これらも表1中に示した。尚、電解着色を施した実施例4,5はその彩色(ブロンズ、赤)により各反射強度s1,s2の定量化が困難なため除外した。
【0021】
また、実施例1〜6及び比較例1〜4について、目視による観察で高級感の程度を評価した。即ち、20人の観察者に対し、従来のアルミニウム押出形材で表面に陽極酸化皮膜を形成した一般的なアルミニウム材の表面と比較して、各例の表面から高級感を受けるか否かを質問し、非常に感じるを5点、高級に感じるを4点、感じないを3点、却って低級に感じるを2点、非常に低級に感じるを1点として、各例ごとに観察者全員の平均値を算出した。その結果も表1中に示した。尚、上記20人の観察者の年齢層は20才代〜50才代の各年代毎に各4人ずつで且つ男女同数とし、各例の表面に対し視力1.0になる距離において評価した。
【0022】
表1の結果、前記輝き度Sについて、実施例1〜3,6は3.2〜5.3の範囲内となり、比較例1〜4は1.2〜1.5又は11.6〜25.1の範囲内となった。因みに、輝き度Sが3未満では、光沢部が小さく且つ少ないため地味になり、各光沢部と粗面部との違いが顕在化せず高級感が感じられない。一方、輝き度Sが8を超えると光沢部が過大になり且つ互いに接続し易くなるため、明るいものの薄く深み(奥行き)がなく、上記と逆の観点から高級感が感じられなくなる。
即ち、輝き度Sは3〜8の範囲内にあると、表面全体に対する粗面部の面積率が略60〜80%となり、落ち着き(深み)と輝きを併有する高級感を発揮する。
【0023】
実施例1〜3,6は、輝き度Sが3〜8の範囲にあるため高級感を有し、且つ高級感評価も4.1〜5.0と高く上記輝き度Sの結果を裏付けている。
一方、比較例1,3は光沢部が広過ぎるため、輝き度Sは25.1又は11.6と高く明るいものの深みのない感じしか与えず、高級感評価も3.0又は2.2と低くなった。更に、比較例2,4は逆に粗面部が広く目立ち光沢部が小さ過ぎることにより、輝き度Sも1.5又は1.2と低く地味で暗い感じしか与えず、高級感評価も3.2又は3.0の低い範囲に留まった。
以上の結果から、本発明のアルミニウム材及びその製造方法の効果が裏付けられたことが理解されると共に、前記高級感の評価も輝き度Sの結果によってその客観性が裏打ちされたことが判明した。
【0024】
本発明は以上において説明した実施形態や実施例に限定されるものではない。例えば、アルミニウム材には、圧延加工された厚肉又は薄肉のアルミニウム板材や、これらを適宜折り曲げ加工した曲げ加工材も含まれる。
また、粗面部と光沢部とを併有する本発明の表面は、平坦面に限らず、湾曲面又は球状面も含み、且つ適宜のコーナ線を介して連続する複数の平坦面及び/又は湾曲(球状)面の組合せも含まれる。
更に、ショットブラスト処理はアルミニウム材の一部のみ、例えば窓枠の場合、室内側又は室外側の表面のみ施し、係る表面にのみ着色層を形成したり、或いは同じ表面の一部のみ、例えば室内の天井寄り又は床面寄りの位置を除いたり、これとは逆に中間位置を除いた上下部分に形成しても良い。
【0025】
また、ショットブラストをアルミニウム材の表面上において円形又は楕円形等の所望形状の範囲内に施し、その後で表面全体に陽極酸化処理や着色処理を施すことにより、任意の図形や模様を表わした意匠を形成することも可能である。
加えて、着色処理も上記ショットブラストと同様アルミニウム材の一部にのみ施すことができ、且つ任意の意匠を形成することもできる。
尚、ショットブラストには、前記アルミナ粒子と同等の作用と効果を発揮し得る他のセラミック、砂、又は金属等からなる粒子を適用することも可能である。
【0026】
【発明の効果】
以上において説明した本発明のアルミニウム材(請求項1)によれば、光沢の低い地肌を呈する粗面部の生地と、この粗面部内に略均一に分布し且つ平坦で光を鏡面反射する複数の光沢(残存)部とが表面に併存し且つこれらが所定範囲の輝き度を表面全体に与えている。このため、上記粗面部による落ち着いたベースに複数の光沢部による輝きが均一に加わるので、人が目視した際に奥行き(深み)と、適度な明るさ・輝きとを有する高級感を与えることが可能となる。しかも、上記粗面部と光沢部とからなる表面に陽極酸化皮膜が形成されているため、上記に加えて耐食性と耐久性を高められる
た、請求項2のアルミニウム材によれば、上記粗面部と光沢部との間における明度差、彩度差、及び/又は、色相差が形成されるので、例えば明度差により一層深みのある色調を呈する表面にすることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 (A)及び(B)は本発明のアルミニウム材を得るためのショットブラスト前後における表面を示す模式的平面図、(a),(b)は(A),(B)中のa−a線,b−b線に沿う断面図。
【図2】 (A)乃至(C)は図1の後における本発明の各製造工程を示す概略断面図。
【図3】実施例等における輝き度を説明するための概略図。
【符号の説明】
1……アルミニウム材(素材), 2……表面,
4……粗面部, 6……光沢部,
10…陽極酸化皮膜層, 12…着色層[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an aluminum material such as an extruded profile, and an aluminum material having a high-quality surface that emits a uniform luster on a so-called satin finish and a method for producing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Extruded shapes and plates made of aluminum alloy are widely used for building windows and entrance fittings. Further, the above extruded shape members and plate materials are widely used for building outer walls and interior building materials. The surface of the aluminum material of these shapes and plates is generally formed with an anodized film (alumite) layer by anodizing treatment, and keeps anticorrosion and aesthetics. By the way, the aluminum material which simply formed the oxide film layer on the surface exhibits a silver white color, but gives a light impression to the surroundings. Therefore, in order to give an arbitrary coloring to the surface of the aluminum material, a metal or metal oxide is filled in a large number of fine holes in the oxide film layer to give a color such as bronze, for example. .
[0003]
Furthermore, since the aluminum material having a silver white or colored coating layer on the surface thereof has a high gloss as a whole, it is easy to give a calm impression. In order to solve this problem, we also proposed a treatment method in which the surface of the aluminum material is shot blasted in advance and a colored film layer is formed, and then a coating film with a different color is coated, and a part of this coating film is wiped off. (See JP 59-31892 A).
According to this, it is possible to give a deep impression to the surroundings with a profound feeling due to the composite color of the pear-textured skin, the colored coating layer and the surface coating by blasting.
[0004]
[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]
However, the surface treatment method has a problem in that the surface of the aluminum material has a textured surface, so that the luster is low and the impression is thin. Moreover, with the diversification of values in society, in addition to color, there are demands for various needs for luster. At the present time, there is a demand for an aluminum material that has an appropriate luster on the surface and gives a high-class feeling. However, an aluminum material that satisfies this requirement and a method for producing the same have not been proposed.
The present invention solves the problems in the prior art described above, and provides an aluminum material that has a depth or calmness and has an appropriate gloss and shine on the surface to give a high-class feeling, and a manufacturing method for obtaining the same. The problem is to propose a method.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of the inventors' diligent research, the present invention provides an aluminum material having an arbitrary color and appropriate gloss on the surface by setting the rough surface portion and the portion to obtain glossiness to a predetermined ratio on the surface of the aluminum material. It was made based on the knowledge that
That is, the aluminum material of the present invention (Claim 1) has a rough surface portion of Rz: 20 μm or more in which the surface of a material made of aluminum or aluminum alloy subjected to shot blasting accounts for 60 to 80%, and other than this rough surface portion A glossy portion which is distributed in a substantially uniform manner in the surface of the material and spaced apart from each other in the form of spots, has a Rz of 1 μm or less, and a size in a plan view having a circle equivalent diameter in the range of 100 μm to 400 μm, with both of an, the rough surface portion and Ri brilliance degree S is 3-8 der overall surface made of a glossy portion, the rough surface portion and the surface of the gloss unit according anodized film layer that has been formed, that Features.
According to this, the fabric of the rough surface portion exhibiting a so-called satin surface that diffuses and reflects light by fine irregularities, and the high glossiness that is substantially evenly distributed in the rough surface portion and is flat and specularly reflects light. A plurality of glossy (residual) portions coexist on the surface .
For this reason, since the brightness of the glossy part is uniformly added to the calm surface of the rough surface part, it is possible to give a high-class feeling that combines depth (depth) and appropriate brightness and brightness when viewed by a person. Become. Moreover, since the anodized film layer is formed on the surface of the rough surface portion and the glossy portion, the surface is provided with corrosion resistance, and when the above aluminum material is applied to a building material or the like, it has a high-class feeling and durability and life. Can be increased .
The brightness S is measured by the ratio of the diffuse reflection intensity and the specular reflection intensity generated from the same incident light. For example, when the angle of the vertical line with respect to the surface of the aluminum material is 0 °, the incident angle is −45 °. Of the diffusely reflected light generated by the light, the ratio (s2 / s1) in which the reflection intensity s1 in the diffuse reflection region of −35 ° is the denominator and the reflection intensity s2 in the specular reflection region of + 45 ° is the numerator is the brightness S. .
[0006]
The reason why the rough surface portion is Rz (surface roughness) of 20 μm or more is that a so-called satin surface can be formed by the unevenness of such a size. Further, when the area exceeds 80% of the entire surface, the pear-textured skin portion becomes too wide to obtain a high-class feeling, whereas when the area ratio of the rough surface portion is less than 60%, the base pear-textured portion is small. And the glossy part becomes wide, and the rough surface part distributed in a spot-like shape gives an impression like a stain on the surface. Therefore, in order to avoid these, it was set as the above range.
The reason why the glossy portion is set to Rz 1 μm or less is to obtain specular reflection by parallel light. Moreover, the reason why the size is within the range of 100 μm to 400 μm in terms of the equivalent circle diameter is that when it becomes smaller than 100 μm, it is impossible to visually sense the shine due to the glossy part, while when it becomes larger than 400 μm, the glossy part is visually observed. This range is excluded because it feels as a pattern and the sense of luxury fades.
Furthermore, the reason why the brightness S is set to 3 to 8 is less than 3 because the glossy portion is small and small, so it becomes plain. On the other hand, if the brightness S exceeds 8, the glossy portion becomes excessive and easy to connect to each other. , Excluding these ranges. As will be described later, the brightness S is measured by a ratio of diffuse reflection intensity and specular reflection intensity generated from the same incident light .
In addition, the range of more than Rz1 μm to less than 20 μm can be made as small as possible by using a shot having a particle size distribution described later. Rz indicates the ten-point average roughness (JIS: B0601) in the surface roughness.
[0007]
Further, the inside of the anodized film layer, further electrolytic coloring layer is formed, an aluminum material (claim 2) is also included.
According to this, in addition to the above, a brightness difference, a saturation difference, and / or a hue difference are formed between the rough surface portion and the glossy portion, and thus, for example, the surface has a deeper color tone due to the brightness difference. Aluminum material can be used.
[0008]
Incidentally, the order to obtain an aluminum material, a manufacturing method of an aluminum material having a rough surface portion and a plurality of surface shine of S of having both to and the range and the gloss portion, for example, aluminum or aluminum alloy The entire surface of the material is a flat glossy surface with an Rz of 1 μm or less, and the maximum particle size is 1 mm or less and the particle size is 350 μm or more with respect to the surface fed at a feed rate of about 1 meter / min. those with alumina particles containing more than 70 vol% of, including the step, performing shot blasting within shot pressure 1-2 kg / cm 2, Ru include manufacturing method.
If Ru good in this, it is possible to reliably provide the aluminum material having a surface that gives the previous Symbol luxury.
The reason why the alumina particles are used for the shot is that hard and fine irregularities can be easily formed, and if they remain on the surface of the aluminum material, there will be no adverse effect in the subsequent anodic oxidation treatment or the like. For this reason , it is also possible to use other ceramics, sand, or metal particles that can obtain the same effect.
[0009]
The reason why 70 vol% or more of alumina particles having a particle size of 350 μm or more is included is to make the size of the glossy part 100 μm or more in terms of the equivalent circle diameter. That is, when the particle size is 350 μm or more and less than 70 vol%, the size of the glossy portion to be formed is less than 100 μm in terms of the equivalent circle diameter, and it is difficult to visually recognize the brightness due to the glossy portion, and the sense of quality is reduced. Therefore, this is excluded.
Furthermore, the maximum particle diameter of the particles is set to 1 mm or less. If the particle diameter exceeds 1 mm, the dents formed by the particles become too large and are visually perceived as holes or dents, and the high-quality surface is reduced. Therefore, this is excluded.
In addition, by using alumina particles having such a particle size distribution, it is possible to reduce as much as possible the roughness surface of Rz greater than 1 μm to less than 20 μm on the surface of the aluminum material .
[0010]
Moreover, the manufacturing method of the aluminum material which has the process of performing an anodizing process and / or a coloring process with respect to the said anodized film layer after the said shot blasting process is also contained. According to this, the corrosion resistance of the surface is improved, and in addition to this, a brightness difference, a saturation difference, and / or a hue difference between the rough surface portion and the glossy portion can be formed. An aluminum material having a surface exhibiting a color tone can be obtained. Note that a known method such as a so-called sulfuric acid method or oxalic acid method is applied to the anodizing treatment. In addition, for the coloring treatment, electrolytic coloring treatment or the like is used in which a metal component such as Co, Ni, Sn, Zn, or Cu or a metal oxide is filled in a large number of holes in the anodized film in a metal salt bath. .
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the following, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
First, an extruded shape member or a plate member (material: hereinafter referred to as an aluminum material) 1 of aluminum or an aluminum alloy (hereinafter simply referred to as aluminum) 1 is prepared by a known manufacturing method. As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1A, the surface 2 of the aluminum material 1 is composed of a flat glossy surface 6 having an Rz of 1 μm or less as a whole.
Next, shot blasting is performed on the surface 2 of the aluminum material 1 using alumina particles. The alumina particles contain 70 vol% or more of particles having a maximum particle diameter of 1 mm or less and a particle diameter of 350 μm or more. The feeding speed of the aluminum material 1 is about 1 meter / minute, and the shot pressure is appropriately selected within a range of 1 to 2 kg / cm 2 . If the feed speed is decreased or the shot pressure is increased, the rough surface portion 4 described below can be widened and the glossy portion 6 can be narrowed, and the area ratio can be easily adjusted.
[0012]
As a result, as shown in FIG. 1B, the surface 2 of the aluminum material 1 has a rough surface portion 4 having irregularities with a surface roughness of Rz of 20 μm or more on the surface 2, and a substantially uniform distribution in the rough surface portion 4. A plurality of glossy portions 6, 6,... Separated from each other in the form of spots are formed.
As shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 1B, the rough surface portion 4 has fine irregularities 5 having an Rz of 20 μm or more, and a glossy portion 6 having a flat surface 8 having an Rz of 1 μm or less is formed therebetween. When the parallel light is reflected on the unevenness 5 of the rough surface portion 4, diffuse reflection in which the light is reflected in all directions occurs. When the parallel light is reflected on the surface 8 of the glossy portion 6, the parallel light is reflected along a reflection angle that is symmetric with respect to the incident angle. This causes so-called specular reflection. Therefore, since the brightness of the glossy portion 6 is uniformly added to the calm satin base skin by the rough surface portion 4, it is possible to give a high-class feeling having depth or depth and appropriate brightness / shine when viewed by a person. .
[0013]
Further, the surface 2 having the rough surface portion 4 and the many glossy portions 6 shown in FIG. Then, as shown in FIG. 2B, the anodic oxide film layer 10 having a substantially uniform thickness is formed on the entire surface along the unevenness 5 of the rough surface portion 4 and the surface 8 of each glossy portion 6. The coating layer 10 is made of an alumina layer having a thickness of several μm to 50 μm, and includes a large number of small-diameter holes (not shown) along the thickness direction. Each hole may be immediately sealed by a known method. Alternatively, a known electrodeposition coating or spray coating can be applied on the coating layer 10. Accordingly, the above-mentioned high-class feeling can be combined with corrosion resistance, and when used as a building material such as a window frame or an interior / exterior material, a high-quality impression can be given to the surroundings over a long period of time.
[0014]
In addition, the coating layer 10 can be colored.
For such coloring treatment, for example, a known electrolytic coloring treatment in which a metal component or a metal oxide is filled in each hole of the coating layer 10 using a metal salt bath is used. This electrolytic coloring treatment is performed by supplying an alternating current, a rectangular wave current or a pulse current to the aluminum material 1 immersed in a metal salt bath such as Co, Ni and Cu, thereby electrolyzing a metal such as Co, Ni and Cu. The component or metal oxide is filled in each hole of the anodized film layer 10. After these, the sealing treatment is performed, or electrodeposition coating or spray coating is performed on the coating layer 10 as necessary.
[0015]
As shown in FIG. 2C, when the coloring process is performed, the colored layer 12 is formed along the surface direction of the surface 2 of the coating layer 10, that is, in the horizontal direction in the drawing. Accordingly, since the colored layer 12 is coated, a brightness difference, a saturation difference, and / or a hue difference between the rough surface portion 4 and the glossy portion 6 are formed. For example, a deeper color tone due to the brightness difference is formed. The surface 2 to be exhibited can be obtained.
[0016]
【Example】
Specific examples of the present invention will be described below together with comparative examples.
A plurality of extruded shapes having the same shape and size made of an aluminum alloy (JIS: A6063) were prepared, and Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were used. Except for Comparative Example 1, shot blasting with alumina particles was performed under the conditions shown in Table 1. The composition of the alumina particles includes alumina; 96.6 wt%, TiO 2 ; 2.4 wt%, SiO 2 ; 0.6 wt%, and others.
[0017]
The particle diameter of the alumina particles is 840 μm in Examples 1, 2, 4 to 6 and 70 vol% or more in particle diameter 420 to 520 μm (average particle diameter 500 μm). The diameter is 1000 μm and the particle diameter of 500 to 710 μm is 70 vol% or more (average particle diameter of 600 μm). In Comparative Examples 2 and 4, the maximum particle size is 420 μm and the particle size 210 to 297 μm is 65 vol% or more (average particle size 250 μm). In Comparative Example 3, the maximum particle size is 1190 μm and the particle size is 590 to 710 μm. It is 70 vol% or more (average particle diameter 700 μm).
Then, the surface roughness Rz of the rough surface portion and the glossy portion on the surface of each example was measured with a surface roughness meter, and after confirming the rough surface portion of Rz 20 μm or more and the glossy portion of Rz 1 μm or less, the area ratio of each rough surface portion was determined. Measured and shown in Table 1. In addition, since the surface roughness range of Rz more than 1 μm to less than 20 μm is very small, it was excluded.
[0018]
Next, the surfaces of Examples 2 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were subjected to an anodizing treatment by a sulfuric acid method to form an anodized layer having an average film thickness of 10 μm on the surface of each example. This treatment was performed under the conditions of 160 g / liter of sulfuric acid using an electrolytic solution at 23 ° C., a current density of 150 A / m 2 , and an energization time of 23 minutes. The obtained anodized layer was subjected to sealing treatment except for Examples 4 and 5.
Further, the anodized layers on the surfaces of Examples 4 and 5 were subsequently subjected to electrolytic coloring treatment (coloring treatment) using a metal salt bath shown in Table 1, and then subjected to sealing treatment.
[0019]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003977539
[0020]
About the above Examples 1-3, 6 and Comparative Examples 1-4, the brightness by each glossy part distributed on the surface was measured by the ratio of the diffuse reflection intensity generated from the same incident light and the specular reflection intensity. In this method, as shown in FIG. 3, when the angle of the vertical line to the surface 2 is 0 °, the reflection intensity in the diffuse reflection region of −35 ° out of the diffuse reflection light generated by the incident light of −45 °. The ratio (s2 / s1) with s1 as the denominator and the reflection intensity s2 in the + 45 ° specular reflection region as the numerator was defined as the brightness S.
Specifically, for each surface 2 of each example, the reflection intensities s1 and s2 are measured using a variable angle spectrophotometer (GSP-2 manufactured by Murakami Color Research Laboratory), and the brightness S is calculated. did. These are also shown in Table 1. Incidentally, Examples 4 and 5 subjected to electrolytic coloring were excluded because it was difficult to quantify each of the reflection intensities s1 and s2 due to their coloring (bronze, red).
[0021]
Moreover, about Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-4, the grade of a high-class feeling was evaluated by visual observation. That is, for 20 observers, whether or not the surface of each example receives a high-class feeling compared with the surface of a general aluminum material having an anodized film formed on the surface with a conventional aluminum extruded shape. The average of all the observers for each case: 5 points for feeling very, 4 points for feeling high, 3 points for not feeling, 2 points for feeling low, and 1 point for feeling very low The value was calculated. The results are also shown in Table 1. The age group of the above 20 observers was 4 for each age group in the 20s to 50s and the same number of men and women, and the evaluation was performed at a distance where visual acuity was 1.0 with respect to the surface of each example. .
[0022]
As a result of Table 1, with respect to the brightness S, Examples 1 to 3 and 6 are within the range of 3.2 to 5.3, and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 are 1.2 to 1.5 or 11.6 to 25. Within the range of .1. Incidentally, when the brightness S is less than 3, the glossy portion is small and small, so that it becomes plain, and the difference between each glossy portion and the rough surface portion does not become obvious and a high-class feeling is not felt. On the other hand, when the brightness S exceeds 8, the glossy portions become excessive and are easily connected to each other, so that they are bright but do not have a thin depth (depth), and a sense of quality cannot be felt from the opposite viewpoint.
That is, when the brightness S is in the range of 3 to 8, the area ratio of the rough surface portion with respect to the entire surface becomes approximately 60 to 80%, and a high-class feeling that has both calmness (depth) and brightness is exhibited.
[0023]
Examples 1 to 3 and 6 have a high-quality feeling because the brightness S is in the range of 3 to 8, and the high-quality evaluation is also high as 4.1 to 5.0, supporting the result of the brightness S. Yes.
On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 1 and 3, since the glossy part is too wide, the brightness S is as high as 25.1 or 11.6, but it is bright but gives no feeling of depth, and the high quality evaluation is also 3.0 or 2.2. It became low. Further, in Comparative Examples 2 and 4, on the contrary, since the rough surface portion is wide and the conspicuous glossy portion is too small, the brightness S is as low as 1.5 or 1.2 and only a plain and dark feeling is given. It remained in the low range of 2 or 3.0.
From the above results, it was understood that the effect of the aluminum material of the present invention and the manufacturing method thereof was supported, and it was found that the objectivity was backed by the result of the brightness S in the evaluation of the high-quality feeling. .
[0024]
The present invention is not limited to the embodiments and examples described above. For example, the aluminum material includes a rolled or thick aluminum plate material and a bent material obtained by appropriately bending the aluminum plate material.
Further, the surface of the present invention having both the rough surface portion and the gloss portion is not limited to a flat surface, and also includes a curved surface or a spherical surface, and a plurality of flat surfaces and / or curved surfaces that are continuous via appropriate corner wires ( Combinations of spherical surfaces are also included.
Furthermore, the shot blast treatment is performed only on a part of the aluminum material, for example, in the case of a window frame, only on the indoor side or outdoor surface, and a colored layer is formed only on the surface, or only a part of the same surface, Alternatively, it may be formed in the upper and lower portions excluding the position near the ceiling or the floor surface, or conversely excluding the intermediate position.
[0025]
In addition, a design that represents any figure or pattern by applying shot blasting on the surface of an aluminum material within a range of a desired shape such as a circle or an ellipse, and then anodizing or coloring the entire surface It is also possible to form
In addition, the coloring treatment can be performed only on a part of the aluminum material as in the shot blasting, and an arbitrary design can be formed.
In addition, it is also possible to apply to the shot blast particles made of other ceramics, sand, metal or the like that can exhibit the same action and effect as the alumina particles.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
According to the aluminum material of the present invention described above (Claim 1), a plurality of cloths having a rough surface portion exhibiting a low-gloss surface and a flat, mirror-reflected light that is substantially uniformly distributed in the rough surface portion. Gloss (residual) portions coexist on the surface, and these give a predetermined range of brightness to the entire surface. For this reason, since the brightness of the plurality of glossy portions is uniformly added to the calm base of the rough surface portion, it can give a high-class feeling having depth (depth) and appropriate brightness / shine when viewed by a person. It becomes possible. Moreover, since an anodic oxide film is formed on the surface composed of the rough surface portion and the glossy portion, corrosion resistance and durability can be improved in addition to the above .
Also, according to an aluminum material according to claim 2, the brightness difference between the said rough surface portion and a glossy portion, chroma difference, and / or, because hue difference is formed, for example, a more deep by brightness difference The surface can exhibit a color tone.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIGS. 1A and 1B are schematic plan views showing surfaces before and after shot blasting for obtaining an aluminum material of the present invention, and FIGS. 1A and 1B are schematic views in FIGS. Sectional drawing in alignment with aa line and bb line.
FIGS. 2A to 2C are schematic cross-sectional views showing each manufacturing process of the present invention after FIG.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining a brightness level in Examples and the like.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... Aluminum material (material), 2 ... Surface,
4 ... Rough surface part, 6 ... Glossy part,
10 ... anodized film layer, 12 ... colored layer

Claims (2)

ショットブラストを施したアルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金からなる素材の表面が、その60〜80%を占めるRz:20μm以上の粗面部と、
上記粗面部内に略均一に分布し且つ斑点状に互いに離間して複数形成され、Rz:1μm以下であり且つ平面視の大きさが円相当径で100μm〜400μmの範囲内にある光沢部と、を併有すると共に、
上記粗面部と光沢部とからなる表面全体の輝き度Sが3〜8であり、係る粗面部及び光沢部の表面に、陽極酸化皮膜層が形成されている、
ことを特徴とするアルミニウム材。
Rz: the surface of the material made of aluminum or aluminum alloy subjected to shot blasting occupies 60 to 80%, a rough surface portion of 20 μm or more,
A glossy portion that is distributed substantially uniformly in the rough surface portion and is formed in a plurality of spots apart from each other, Rz is 1 μm or less, and the size in plan view is in the range of 100 μm to 400 μm in terms of a circle equivalent diameter. , And
The Ri rough surface portion and overall brilliance degree S is 3-8 der surface comprising a gloss unit, the rough surface portion and the surface of the gloss unit according, that the anodized film layer has been formed,
An aluminum material characterized by that.
前記陽極酸化皮膜層中に、更に着色層が形成されている
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のアルミニウム材。
A colored layer is further formed in the anodized film layer .
The aluminum material according to claim 1.
JP03537599A 1999-02-15 1999-02-15 Aluminum material Expired - Fee Related JP3977539B2 (en)

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