JP3975267B2 - Method for acylating polysaccharide substances - Google Patents

Method for acylating polysaccharide substances Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3975267B2
JP3975267B2 JP2002161292A JP2002161292A JP3975267B2 JP 3975267 B2 JP3975267 B2 JP 3975267B2 JP 2002161292 A JP2002161292 A JP 2002161292A JP 2002161292 A JP2002161292 A JP 2002161292A JP 3975267 B2 JP3975267 B2 JP 3975267B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
polysaccharide
polysaccharide substance
added
acylating
anhydride
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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JP2002161292A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2004010622A (en
Inventor
重雄 廣瀬
兵衛 畠山
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National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST
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National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST
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Priority to JP2002161292A priority Critical patent/JP3975267B2/en
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、多糖物質のアシル化(エステル化)方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
セルロース等の多糖物質は、その分子中に水酸基を有しており、その多糖物質を変性するために、その水酸基をアシル化することは知られている。
従来、多糖物質のアシル化は、一般的には、硫酸の存在下でカルボン酸/無水カルボン酸混合物を多糖物質と反応させることによって行われている。
しかしながら、このような従来法は、硫酸を用いることから、多糖物質がその硫酸により低分子量化される等の問題を含む。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、多糖物質を低分子量化することなく円滑にアシル化する方法を提供することをその課題とする。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、前記課題を解決すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、本発明を完成するに至った。
即ち、本発明によれば、アルカリ土類金属ハロゲン化物とカルボン酸と無水カルボンからなる溶液中で多糖物質を該無水カルボン酸と反応させることを特徴とする多糖物質のアシル化方法が提供される。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明においては、多糖物質は、アルカリ土類金属ハロゲン化物とカルボン酸と無水カルボン酸からなる溶液中で、アシル化剤であるその無水カルボン酸と反応し、アシル化(エステル化)される。
本発明者らの研究によれば、このようなアシル化方法では、多糖物質の分解による低分子量化は実質的に起らず、しかもその多糖物質のアシル化は円滑に進行することが見出された。
【0006】
前記多糖物質には、天然及び合成のものが包含される。その具体例としては、セルロース、デンプン、デキストラン、イヌリン、マンナン、ペクチン、ペクチン酸、アルギン酸、キチン、キトサン、カラギーナン、ザンタン等が挙げられる。また、多糖物質には、前記多糖物質の変成物や加工物、例えば、綿や麻のパルプ、リンター、セルロース粉末、セロハン、レーヨン等の再生セルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロース等も包含される。
【0007】
本発明で用いるアルカリ土類金属ハロゲン化物において、そのハロゲンには、塩素、臭素、ヨウ素、フッ素が包含される。
アルカリ土類金属ハロゲン化物としては、塩化カルシウム(CaCl2)、塩化マグネシウム(MgCl2)、臭化カルシウム(CaBr2)、臭化マグネシウム(MgBr2)等を好ましく用いることができる。
【0008】
前記カルボン酸としては、炭素数1〜6のカルボン酸、好ましくは酢酸が用いられる。無水カルボン酸(アシル化剤)としては、炭素数1〜6のカルボン酸の無水物、好ましくは無水酢酸が用いられる。無水カルボン酸の割合は、カルボン酸1リットル当り、0.1〜0.5リットル、好ましくは0.2〜0.3リットルである。無水カルボン酸として無水カルボン酸混合物を用いることにより、多糖物質を混合アシル化(混合エステル化)することができる。
【0009】
アルカリ土類金属ハロゲン化物の割合は、カルボン酸と無水カルボン酸との合計量1リットル当り、50〜500g、好ましくは100〜300gの割合である。
【0010】
本発明におけるアシル化反応は、常温でも進行するが、好ましくは加温下で行う。このアシル化反応の温度は、好ましくは40℃以上、より好ましくは50℃以上である。その上限温度は、カルボン酸や無水カルボン酸の沸点温度である。本発明では、特に、40〜100℃のアシル化温度が有利に用いられる。
【0011】
本発明を好ましく実施するには、先ず、アルカリ土類金属ハロゲン化物、カルボン酸及び無水カルボン酸からなる溶液を作り、この溶液に多糖物質を加え、反応させる。この際、溶液を加温し、攪拌することにより、そのアシル化反応を促進させることができる。
この場合、溶液中の多糖物質は、膨潤し、アシル化反応終了後には溶解する。
【0012】
多糖物質を前記溶液中で無水カルボン酸と反応させる場合、多糖物質をあらかじめ水処理した後、該水をカルボン酸で置換し、次いでカルボン酸を加え、これにアルカリ土類金属ハロゲン化物を加え、さらに無水カルボン酸を加え、得られた混合物を室温又は加温下で静置する。このようにして多糖物質を円滑にアシル化させることができる。
【0013】
アシル化反応後の溶液は、これを大量の水に投入することにより、固体状の多糖物質を析出させることができる。この固体状多糖物質は、少なくともカルボン酸無水物と反応したもので、その分子中にはエステル結合が形成されている。
本発明によれば、短時間(1〜3分間程度)でその多糖物質に含まれている水酸基をほぼ完全にアシル化することができる。
【0014】
【実施例】
次に本発明を実施例によりさらに詳述する。
【0015】
実施例1
酢酸4mLに塩化カルシウム2gを加え、これに無水酢酸1mLを加え、さらにコットンリンター0.2gを加えて、55℃で攪拌した。3時間後に溶液を大量の水中に投入してフレークを得た。生成物のIRスペクトルには、1740cm-1にエステル結合のカルボニル基に由来するピークが観測され、3400cm-1の水酸基に帰属されるピークは認められなかった。ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィーにより測定した数平均分子量は2.6×105にあった。
【0016】
実施例2
酢酸4mLに塩化カルシウム2gを加え、これに無水酢酸1mLを加えて、さらに、溶解パルプ0.2gを加えて、55℃で攪拌した。3時間後に溶液を大量の水中に投入してフレークを得た。生成物のIRスペクトルには、1740cm-1にエステル結合のカルボニル基に由来するピークが観測され、3400cm-1の水酸基に帰属されるピークは認められなかった。ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィーにより測定した数平均分子量は3.0×105にあった。
【0017】
実施例3
酢酸4mLに塩化カルシウム2gを加え、これに無水酢酸1mLを加え、さらに、コットン0.2gを加えて、55℃で攪拌した。3時間後に溶液を大量の水中に投入してフレークを得た。生成物のIRスペクトルには、1740cm-1にエステル結合のカルボニル基に由来するピークが観測され、3400cm-1の水酸基に帰属されるピークは認められなかった。
【0018】
実施例4
プロピオン酸4mLに塩化カルシウム1.0gを溶解させ、これに無水プロピオン酸1mLを加え、さらに、コットンリンター0.2gを加えて、55℃で攪拌した。得られた溶液を大量の水中に投入してフレークを得た。生成物のIRスペクトルには、1740cm-1にエステル結合のカルボニル基に由来するピークが観測され、3400cm-1の水酸基に帰属されるピークは認められなかった。
【0019】
実施例6
酢酸4mLに塩化カルシウム1.0gを溶解し、これに無水酢酸1mLを加えて、さらにコットンリンター0.2gを加えて、55℃で攪拌した。得られた溶液を大量の水中に投入してフレークを得た。生成物のIRスペクトルには、1740cm-1にエステル結合のカルボニル基に由来するピークが観測され、3400cm-1の水酸基に帰属されるピークは認められなかった。
【0020】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、多糖物質を温和な条件で、円滑にアシル化することができる。この場合、多糖物質は、そのアシル化条件が温和であることから、実質的な分解を生じることがない。
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for acylating (esterifying) a polysaccharide substance.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Polysaccharide substances such as cellulose have a hydroxyl group in the molecule, and it is known to acylate the hydroxyl group in order to modify the polysaccharide substance.
Conventionally, acylation of polysaccharide materials is generally carried out by reacting a carboxylic acid / carboxylic anhydride mixture with the polysaccharide material in the presence of sulfuric acid.
However, since such conventional methods use sulfuric acid, there are problems such as a polysaccharide substance having a low molecular weight due to the sulfuric acid.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for smoothly acylating a polysaccharide substance without reducing the molecular weight.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have completed the present invention.
That is, according to the present invention, there is provided a method for acylating a polysaccharide substance, comprising reacting the polysaccharide substance with the carboxylic anhydride in a solution comprising an alkaline earth metal halide, a carboxylic acid and an anhydrous carboxylic acid. .
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, the polysaccharide substance is acylated (esterified) by reacting with the carboxylic anhydride as an acylating agent in a solution composed of an alkaline earth metal halide, carboxylic acid and carboxylic anhydride.
According to the studies by the present inventors, it has been found that in such an acylation method, the molecular weight reduction due to the degradation of the polysaccharide substance does not substantially occur, and the acylation of the polysaccharide substance proceeds smoothly. It was done.
[0006]
The polysaccharide substance includes natural and synthetic substances. Specific examples thereof include cellulose, starch, dextran, inulin, mannan, pectin, pectic acid, alginic acid, chitin, chitosan, carrageenan, xanthan and the like. The polysaccharide substance also includes modified products and processed products of the polysaccharide substance, such as cotton and hemp pulp, linter, cellulose powder, regenerated cellulose such as cellophane and rayon, carboxymethyl cellulose and the like.
[0007]
In the alkaline earth metal halide used in the present invention, the halogen includes chlorine, bromine, iodine and fluorine.
As the alkaline earth metal halide, calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ), magnesium chloride (MgCl 2 ), calcium bromide (CaBr 2 ), magnesium bromide (MgBr 2 ) and the like can be preferably used.
[0008]
As the carboxylic acid, a carboxylic acid having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably acetic acid is used. As the carboxylic anhydride (acylating agent), an anhydride of a carboxylic acid having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably acetic anhydride is used. The proportion of carboxylic anhydride is 0.1 to 0.5 liter, preferably 0.2 to 0.3 liter per liter of carboxylic acid. By using a carboxylic anhydride mixture as the carboxylic anhydride, the polysaccharide substance can be mixed acylated (mixed esterified).
[0009]
The proportion of the alkaline earth metal halide is 50 to 500 g, preferably 100 to 300 g, per liter of the total amount of carboxylic acid and carboxylic anhydride.
[0010]
The acylation reaction in the present invention proceeds even at room temperature, but is preferably performed under heating. The temperature of this acylation reaction is preferably 40 ° C. or higher, more preferably 50 ° C. or higher. The upper limit temperature is the boiling temperature of carboxylic acid or carboxylic anhydride. In the present invention, an acylation temperature of 40 to 100 ° C. is particularly advantageously used.
[0011]
In order to carry out the present invention preferably, first, a solution comprising an alkaline earth metal halide, carboxylic acid and carboxylic anhydride is prepared, and a polysaccharide substance is added to the solution and reacted. At this time, the acylation reaction can be promoted by heating and stirring the solution.
In this case, the polysaccharide substance in the solution swells and dissolves after completion of the acylation reaction.
[0012]
When reacting the polysaccharide material with carboxylic anhydride in the solution, after treating the polysaccharide material with water in advance, the water is replaced with carboxylic acid, then carboxylic acid is added, and an alkaline earth metal halide is added thereto, Further, carboxylic anhydride is added, and the resulting mixture is allowed to stand at room temperature or under heating. In this way, the polysaccharide substance can be smoothly acylated.
[0013]
The solution after the acylation reaction can be precipitated into a large amount of water to precipitate a solid polysaccharide substance. This solid polysaccharide substance has reacted with at least a carboxylic anhydride, and an ester bond is formed in the molecule.
According to the present invention, the hydroxyl group contained in the polysaccharide substance can be almost completely acylated in a short time (about 1 to 3 minutes).
[0014]
【Example】
Next, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
[0015]
Example 1
2 mL of calcium chloride was added to 4 mL of acetic acid, 1 mL of acetic anhydride was added thereto, 0.2 g of cotton linter was further added, and the mixture was stirred at 55 ° C. After 3 hours, the solution was poured into a large amount of water to obtain flakes. The IR spectrum of the product, a peak derived from the carbonyl group of the ester bonds to 1740 cm -1 is observed, a peak attributed to hydroxyl groups of 3400 cm -1 was observed. The number average molecular weight measured by gel permeation chromatography was 2.6 × 10 5 .
[0016]
Example 2
2 g of calcium chloride was added to 4 mL of acetic acid, 1 mL of acetic anhydride was added thereto, 0.2 g of dissolving pulp was further added, and the mixture was stirred at 55 ° C. After 3 hours, the solution was poured into a large amount of water to obtain flakes. The IR spectrum of the product, a peak derived from the carbonyl group of the ester bonds to 1740 cm -1 is observed, a peak attributed to hydroxyl groups of 3400 cm -1 was observed. The number average molecular weight measured by gel permeation chromatography was 3.0 × 10 5 .
[0017]
Example 3
2 g of calcium chloride was added to 4 mL of acetic acid, 1 mL of acetic anhydride was added thereto, 0.2 g of cotton was further added, and the mixture was stirred at 55 ° C. After 3 hours, the solution was poured into a large amount of water to obtain flakes. The IR spectrum of the product, a peak derived from the carbonyl group of the ester bonds to 1740 cm -1 is observed, a peak attributed to hydroxyl groups of 3400 cm -1 was observed.
[0018]
Example 4
1.0 mL of calcium chloride was dissolved in 4 mL of propionic acid, 1 mL of propionic anhydride was added thereto, 0.2 g of cotton linter was further added, and the mixture was stirred at 55 ° C. The obtained solution was poured into a large amount of water to obtain flakes. The IR spectrum of the product, a peak derived from the carbonyl group of the ester bonds to 1740 cm -1 is observed, a peak attributed to hydroxyl groups of 3400 cm -1 was observed.
[0019]
Example 6
1.0 mL of calcium chloride was dissolved in 4 mL of acetic acid, 1 mL of acetic anhydride was added thereto, 0.2 g of cotton linter was further added, and the mixture was stirred at 55 ° C. The obtained solution was poured into a large amount of water to obtain flakes. The IR spectrum of the product, a peak derived from the carbonyl group of the ester bonds to 1740 cm -1 is observed, a peak attributed to hydroxyl groups of 3400 cm -1 was observed.
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, a polysaccharide substance can be smoothly acylated under mild conditions. In this case, the polysaccharide substance does not undergo substantial decomposition because the acylation conditions are mild.

Claims (2)

アルカリ土類金属ハロゲン化物とカルボン酸と無水カルボン酸とからなる溶液中で多糖物質を該無水カルボン酸と反応させることを特徴とする多糖物質のアシル化方法。A method for acylating a polysaccharide substance, comprising reacting a polysaccharide substance with the carboxylic anhydride in a solution comprising an alkaline earth metal halide, a carboxylic acid and a carboxylic anhydride. 該反応温度が40〜100℃であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。The process according to claim 1, wherein the reaction temperature is 40 to 100 ° C.
JP2002161292A 2002-06-03 2002-06-03 Method for acylating polysaccharide substances Expired - Lifetime JP3975267B2 (en)

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CZ301555B6 (en) * 2008-11-06 2010-04-14 Cpn S. R. O. Process for preparing DTPA crosslinked derivatives of hyaluronic acid and modification thereof
US9403918B2 (en) 2009-12-11 2016-08-02 Contipro Pharma A.S. Oxidized derivative of hyaluronic acid, a method of preparation thereof and a method of modification thereof
US9434791B2 (en) 2009-12-11 2016-09-06 Contipro Pharma A.S. Method of preparation of an oxidized derivative of hyaluronic acid and a method of modification thereof
US9492586B2 (en) 2012-02-28 2016-11-15 Contipro Biotech S.R.O. Derivatives of hyaluronic acid capable of forming hydrogels
US9522966B2 (en) 2012-08-08 2016-12-20 Contipro Biotech S.R.O. Hyaluronic acid derivative, method of preparation thereof, method of modification thereof and use thereof
US9999678B2 (en) 2012-11-27 2018-06-19 Contipro A.S. C6-C18-acylated derivative of hyaluronic acid and method of preparation thereof
US10023658B2 (en) 2014-03-11 2018-07-17 Contipro A.S. Conjugates of oligomer of hyaluronic acid or of a salt thereof, method of preparation thereof and use thereof
US10414832B2 (en) 2015-06-26 2019-09-17 Contipro A.S Derivatives of sulfated polysaccharides, method of preparation, modification and use thereof
US10618984B2 (en) 2016-06-27 2020-04-14 Contipro A.S. Unsaturated derivatives of polysaccharides, method of preparation thereof and use thereof
US10617711B2 (en) 2014-06-30 2020-04-14 Contipro A.S. Antitumor composition based on hyaluronic acid and inorganic nanoparticles, method of preparation thereof and use thereof
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CZ301555B6 (en) * 2008-11-06 2010-04-14 Cpn S. R. O. Process for preparing DTPA crosslinked derivatives of hyaluronic acid and modification thereof
US9403918B2 (en) 2009-12-11 2016-08-02 Contipro Pharma A.S. Oxidized derivative of hyaluronic acid, a method of preparation thereof and a method of modification thereof
US9434791B2 (en) 2009-12-11 2016-09-06 Contipro Pharma A.S. Method of preparation of an oxidized derivative of hyaluronic acid and a method of modification thereof
US9492586B2 (en) 2012-02-28 2016-11-15 Contipro Biotech S.R.O. Derivatives of hyaluronic acid capable of forming hydrogels
US9522966B2 (en) 2012-08-08 2016-12-20 Contipro Biotech S.R.O. Hyaluronic acid derivative, method of preparation thereof, method of modification thereof and use thereof
US9999678B2 (en) 2012-11-27 2018-06-19 Contipro A.S. C6-C18-acylated derivative of hyaluronic acid and method of preparation thereof
US10023658B2 (en) 2014-03-11 2018-07-17 Contipro A.S. Conjugates of oligomer of hyaluronic acid or of a salt thereof, method of preparation thereof and use thereof
US10617711B2 (en) 2014-06-30 2020-04-14 Contipro A.S. Antitumor composition based on hyaluronic acid and inorganic nanoparticles, method of preparation thereof and use thereof
US10689464B2 (en) 2015-03-09 2020-06-23 Contipro A.S. Self-supporting, biodegradable film based on hydrophobized hyaluronic acid, method of preparation and use thereof
US10414832B2 (en) 2015-06-26 2019-09-17 Contipro A.S Derivatives of sulfated polysaccharides, method of preparation, modification and use thereof
US10618984B2 (en) 2016-06-27 2020-04-14 Contipro A.S. Unsaturated derivatives of polysaccharides, method of preparation thereof and use thereof

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