JP3967803B2 - Saponified pellet of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer - Google Patents

Saponified pellet of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer Download PDF

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JP3967803B2
JP3967803B2 JP27367097A JP27367097A JP3967803B2 JP 3967803 B2 JP3967803 B2 JP 3967803B2 JP 27367097 A JP27367097 A JP 27367097A JP 27367097 A JP27367097 A JP 27367097A JP 3967803 B2 JP3967803 B2 JP 3967803B2
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evoh
weight
ethylene
parts
content
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JPH1192567A (en
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誠 国枝
宏治 和泉
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Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co Ltd
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Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co Ltd
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Priority to JP27367097A priority Critical patent/JP3967803B2/en
Priority to EP98113243A priority patent/EP0892006B1/en
Priority to DE69831703T priority patent/DE69831703T2/en
Priority to US09/118,018 priority patent/US6184288B1/en
Publication of JPH1192567A publication Critical patent/JPH1192567A/en
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、エチレン−酢酸ビニル系共重合体ケン化物(以下、EVOHと略記する)ペレットに関し、更に詳しくは低温での溶融成形性に優れたEVOHペレットに関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般に、EVOHはその透明性、ガスバリヤー性、保香性、耐溶剤性、耐油性などに優れており、かかる特性を生かして、食品包装材料、医薬品包装材料、工業薬品包装材料、農薬包装材料等のフィルムやシート、或いはボトル等の容器等に成形されて利用されている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、かかる成形にあたっては、通常200℃前後で溶融成形が行われることが多いが、場合によって、もっと低温での溶融成形が望まれることがあるものの、その時は成形性をある程度犠牲にせざるを得ないこともあり、100℃前後の比較的低温での成形性に優れたEVOHが望まれるところである。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
そこで、本発明者等は、かかる現況に鑑みて鋭意研究した結果、炭素数が5以下のアルコールを0.1〜1000ppm含有し、かつ含水率が10〜60重量%で、エチレン含有量60モル%以下,ケン化度90モル%以上であり、かつ酢酸ナトリウムをエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物100重量部に対して0.0001〜0.1重量部含有し、かつ酢酸をエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物100重量部に対して0.005〜0.5重量部含有し、かつ20℃における貯蔵弾性率が2×10 〜5×10 Paであることを特徴とするエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物ペレットが、100℃前後の比較的低温でも成形性に優れ、溶融成形時のトルク変動や吐出量変化が少なく、更には厚みの均一性に優れたフィルムやシート等の成形物を得ることができることを見いだし、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
本発明のEVOHペレットは、20℃における貯蔵弾性率が2×106〜5×107Pa(更には4×106〜2×107Pa)のもので、該貯蔵弾性率が2×106Pa未満では成形安定性に欠け、逆に5×107Paを越えると押し出し加工時に高トルクとなって、本発明の目的を達成することができない。
尚、かかる貯蔵弾性率とは、10Hzの振動を与えた時に測定される値で、DMA(Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer)等で測定することができ、本発明においては、EVOHペレットを10〜50℃まで、3℃/minの速度で昇温しながら、該DMAで連続的に貯蔵弾性率を測定して、20℃における測定値をEVOHペレットの貯蔵弾性率とした。
【0006】
また、本発明においては、20℃におけるEVOHペレットの硬度(JIS A K6301のスプリング式硬さ試験A形に準拠、以下同様)が50〜90(更には70〜90)であることが好ましく、該硬度が50未満では、ペレット形状が不良となり、逆に90を越えると低温押し出し加工が難しくなって、好ましくない。尚、かかるペレットの硬度は、ストランド状のEVOHを切断してペレット状にしたときの切断面の硬度を測定したものである。
【0007】
更に該EVOH(ペレット)は、エチレン含有量が60モル%以下(更には25〜55モル%)であり、ケン化度が90モル%以上(更には99モル%以上)である。また、含水率0.3重量%以下の時のメルトインデックス(210℃、荷重2160g)が1〜100g/10分(更には3〜50g/10分)のものが好ましく、該エチレン含有量が、60モル%を越える場合や該ケン化度が、90モル%未満の場合には、ガスバリヤー性が低下して好ましくなく、また、該メルトインデックスが該範囲よりも小さい場合には、成形時に押出機内が高トルク状態となって押出加工が困難となり、また該範囲よりも大きい場合には、逆に低トルクのため押出加工性が不安定となり好ましくない。
【0008】
本発明に用いるEVOHには、少量の変性成分として、例えば不飽和カルボン酸、その無水物、塩、エステルやα−オレフィン類、ビニルエーテル、ニトリル、アミド類をはじめ任意の変性重合成分が含まれていても良い。
又、本発明においては、エチレン含有量及びケン化度が上記の如き範囲のEVOHであれば、単独で用いても、異なる組成のEVOHを2種以上併用して用いてもよい。
上記の如き物性を有する本発明のEVOHペレットを得るにあたっては、EVOH中のアルコールの含有量を調整し、EVOH中の水分量を調整し、EVOH中の酢酸ナトリウムや酢酸の含有量を調整し、炭素数が5以下のアルコールを0.1〜1000ppm含有し、かつ含水率(水分量)を10〜60重量%とする。かかる方法について以下説明する。
【0009】
炭素数が5以下のアルコールとしては、メチルアルコール、エチルアルコール、プロピルアルコール、ブチルアルコール等を挙げることができるが、工業的にはメチルアルコールが好ましい。
かかるアルコールの含有方法としては、EVOHにアルコールまたは水/アルコール混合溶媒等を浸漬、スプレーなどの方法により、接触させることにより、所定量のアルコールを含有させることもできるが、EVOHの製造時に用いる(メチル)アルコールを利用することも好ましい。
【0010】
すなわち、エチレンと酢酸ビニルとの共重合時に用いる(メチル)アルコール溶媒、その後の脱モノマー工程に用いる(メチル)アルコール蒸気、更にその後のケン化時に用いるメチルアルコール蒸気とケン化触媒の溶媒(アルコールもしくは水/アルコールの混合溶媒)等により、EVOHの製造工程において、(メチル)アルコールと接触する機会があり、これにより製造されたEVOHにはアルコールが多量に含有されることになり、かかる含有されたアルコールを調整することが工業的には好ましい。
【0011】
上記の如くして得られたEVOHは、通常10〜70重量%程度のアルコールを含有しており、得られた該EVOHからアルコールを除去して、その含有量をEVOHに対して、0.1〜1000ppmになるように調整する。具体的には、アルコールを10〜70重量%程度含有したEVOHペースト(水も10〜70重量%程度含有)をペレットに成形後、(温)水、熱風、水蒸気等と接触させたりして、含有アルコールを0.1〜1000ppmになるように調整すればよい。
かかるアルコールの含有量が、0.1ppm未満では、成形されたフィルム表面にスジ、凹凸が発生して平滑性がなくなり、逆に1000ppmを越えると、成形されたフィルムに発泡が発生しやすくなり好ましくない。
【0012】
また、かかる含水率の調整方法としては、特に限定されず、▲1▼製造工程中のEVOHのペレット(水/メタノール含有)と水を混合撹拌した後、乾燥等により含水率を調整する方法、▲2▼製造されたEVOHのペレットと水蒸気を接触させて含水させる方法、▲3▼EVOHの製造時に若干のメタノール、イソプロピルアルコール等のアルコールと共に含水させる方法(この際、少量のエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、グリセリンなどの可塑剤を含んでいても差し支えない)等を挙げることができるが、▲1▼の方法が上記のアルコールの含有量も同時に調整することができる点で好ましく、更に詳細に説明すれば、上記の如き常法により製造されたEVOH(含水率10〜70重量%程度)を円柱状(長さ2〜5mm、直径2〜5mm程度)や球状(直径2〜5mm程度)のペレットとし、先ず、かかるペレットのアルコール含有量を0.1〜1重量%とし、同時に、水を含有させるのであるが、具体的には該ペレットを水中に入れて撹拌機等で撹拌する、連続的に該ペレットと水を接触させる等の方法により、該ペレットの脱アルコールをしながら水を吸収させ、ペレット100重量部に対して、水を100〜250重量部含有させるのである。このときのペレットと水(2回以上接触を行う場合は、その総水量とする)の混合重量比は1/5〜1/15程度が好ましく、水の温度は20〜40℃が好ましく、また、処理時間は、120〜240分程度が好ましい。
【0013】
上記の処理により、アルコールを0.1〜1重量%含有し、かつ多量に水を含有したEVOHのペレットは、次いで90℃以下(更には70〜90℃)の水/アルコール混合蒸気または空気または不活性ガス(窒素ガス等)と接触させて該ペレットのアルコール含有量を0.1〜1000ppmにして、含水率を調整することが好ましく、かかる含水率は10〜60重量%が好ましく、更には20〜40重量%で、かかる含水率が10重量%未満では、融点が高いため、低温押出が難しくなり、逆に60重量%を越えると押出成形時、水がバックフローして好ましくない。
具体的に含水ペレットと空気または不活性ガスと接触させる方法としては、箱形乾燥機、バンド乾燥機、回転乾燥機、気流乾燥機、流動乾燥機等の方法が挙げられ、いずれの方法も好適に採用され得る。
【0014】
また、本発明においては、EVOH(ペレット)中の酢酸ナトリウムや酢酸の含有量を調整することが必要で、酢酸ナトリウムをEVOH100重量部に対して0.0001〜0.1重量部、酢酸をEVOH100重量部に対して0.005〜0.5重量部含有させる。かかる酢酸ナトリウムの含有量が0.0001重量部未満および0.1重量部を越える場合やかかる酢酸の含有量が0.005重量部未満および0.5重量部を越える場合は、製膜(成形)時の押出安定性が悪くなったり、成形されたフィルムの外観特性が悪くなり好ましくない。かかる酢酸ナトリウムおよび酢酸の含有量の調整法として具体的には、乾燥前の含水ペレットを水洗し所定の酢酸を添加し所定量の酢酸ナトリウムを残存させる方法や含水ペレット中の酢酸ナトリウムを完全に除去した後、所定量の酢酸及び酢酸ナトリウムを添加する方法等が挙げられ、好適には、前者の方法が採用され得る。
【0015】
また、EVOH(ペレット)中に含有される酢酸(a)と酢酸ナトリウム(b)の重量比(a/b)を0.5〜10とすること好ましく、かかる重量比が0.5未満では粘度上昇が著しく、押出成形時の加工安定性に欠け、逆に10を越えると成形品にフィッシュアイが多発して好ましくない。かかる重量比の調整法として具体的には、(1)所定量のEVOHに対して、所定の割合に調整した酢酸/酢酸ナトリウム水溶液を添加する。(2)酢酸により、EVOH中の酢酸ナトリウムを除去した後、所定の酢酸/酢酸ナトリウムの比になるように、酢酸ナトリウムを添加する。(3)所定の酢酸/酢酸ナトリウムの比になるように、鹸化終了後の中和の処理時に、酢酸水溶液をEVOH重量に対して所定比加える。(4)鹸化時に副生した酢酸ナトリウム分を含んだEVOHを水洗し、所定量の酢酸ナトリウム含有のEVOHとした後、酢酸水溶液を加え、一定比にする等の方法が挙げられ、好適には(4)の方法が採用され得る。
かくして得られたEVOHペレットは、溶融成形時のトルク変動や吐出量変化が少なく、更には厚みの均一性に優れたフィルムやシート等の成形物を得ることができるという溶融成形性に優れるもので、その成形法について具体的に説明する。
【0016】
上記の如く調整された本発明のEVOHペレットは、溶融押出機に供されてフィルム等の成形物に成形されるのであるが、かかる成形時の条件としては、特に限定されないが、通常はノンベント、スクリュータイプ押出機を用い成形温度40〜150℃で押出製膜される。製膜されたフィルム中に均一な分布で水を残留させる為に、圧縮比2.0〜3.5のスクリューを用い、バレルのフィード部の温度は80℃以下の低めに設定して行うことが好ましい。
得られた成形物は、更に二次加工性、特に延伸処理等により非常に優れたフィルムや容器等を得ることができる。
かかる延伸に関しては、通常の方法で行うことも可能で、1軸延伸法、2軸延伸法(同時、逐次)等があり、特に限定されない。
【0017】
かくして得られたEVOHフィルム(未延伸も含む)は、単層のみならず、かかるフィルムを少なくとも一層とする積層体として実用に供せられることが多い。
該積層体の製造に当たっては、得られたフィルム、シート等の樹脂成形物の層の片面又は両面に他の基材をラミネートするのであるが、ラミネート方法としては、例えば、該樹脂成形物と他の基材のフィルム、シートとを有機チタン化合物、イソシアネート化合物、ポリエステル系化合物等の公知の接着剤を用いてラミネートする方法等が挙げられる。
【0018】
かかる他の基材フィルムとしては、直鎖状低密度ポリエチレン、低密度ポリエチレン、中密度ポリエチレン、高密度ポリエチレン、EVA、アイオノマー、エチレン−プロピレン共重合体、エチレン−アクリル酸エステル共重合体、ポリプロピレン、プロピレン−α−オレフィン(炭素数4〜20のα−オレフィン)共重合体、ポリブテン、ポリペンテン等のオレフィンの単独又は共重合体、或いはこれらのオレフィンの単独又は共重合体を不飽和カルボン酸又はそのエステルでグラフト変性したもの等の広義のポリオレフィン系樹脂、ポリスチレン系樹脂、ポリエステル、ポリアミド、共重合ポリアミド、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニリデン、アクリル系樹脂、ビニルエステル系樹脂、ポリエステルエラストマー、ポリウレタンエラストマー、塩素化ポリエチレン、塩素化ポリプロピレン、EVOH等が挙げられ、更には、紙、金属箔、1軸又は2軸延伸プラスチックフィルム又はシート、織布、不織布、金属綿条、木質面なども使用可能である。
積層体の層構成としては、EVOHフィルムの層をI(I1,I2,・・・)、他の基材、例えば熱可塑性樹脂層をII(II1,II2,・・・)とするとき、フィルム、シート状であれば、I/IIの二層構造のみならず、II/I/II、I/II/I、I1/I2/II、I/II1/II2、II2/II1/I/II1/II2など任意の組合せが可能である。
【0019】
かくして、得られたEVOHフィルムやその積層体は、その特性、即ち外観特性、ガスバリヤー性等に優れるため、食品や医薬品、農薬品、工業薬品包装用のフィルム、シート、チューブ、袋、容器等の用途に非常に有用である。
【0020】
【実施例】
以下、実施例を挙げて本発明を具体的に説明する。
尚、例中、「部」、「%」とあるのは、特に断りのない限り重量基準を意味する。
実施例1
エチレン含有量40モル%のエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体の40%メタノール溶液1,000部を耐圧反応器に入れ、撹拌しながら110℃に加熱した。続いて水酸化ナトリウムの6%メタノール溶液40部及びメタノール2,500部を連続的に仕込むと共に副生する酢酸メチル及び余分のメタノールを系から留出させながら2.5時間ケン化反応を行ない、酢酸ビニル成分のケン化度99.0モル%のエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物を得た。
ケン化終了液に30%含水メタノール 450部を仕込みながら余分のメタノールを留出させ、樹脂分濃度39%の水/メタノール(組成比3/7)溶液を製造した。
液温を50℃にした前記のエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物の水/メタノール混合溶液を孔径4mmのノズルより1.5kg/時の速度にて5℃に維持された水槽(巾100mm,長さ4,000mm,高さ100mm)にストランド状に押出した。凝固終了後、水槽の端部に付設された引き取りローラー(線速2m/分)を経て、ストランド状物をカッターで切断し、直径4mm、長さ4mmの白色のペレット(メタノール含有量38重量%、含水率22重量%、酢酸ナトリウム含有量1.5部(対EVOH100部)、酢酸含有量0.01部(対EVOH100部)を製造した。
【0021】
次いで、得られたペレット[エチレン含有量40モル%、ケン化度99モル%]100部を30℃の温水400部に投入して、約60分間撹拌(3回繰り返し)し、酢酸を0.6部添加した後、オーブンにより、窒素ガスを80℃雰囲気中で30分接触させて、メタノール含有量100ppm、含水率30重量%、酢酸ナトリウム含有量0.05部(対EVOH100部)、酢酸含有量0.2部(対EVOH100部)のEVOHペレットを得た。
かかるEVOHペレットの20℃における貯蔵弾性率は5×106Paであった。
また、20℃における硬度は、70であった。
【0022】
次いで、得られたEVOHペレットをTダイを備えた単軸押出機に供給し、厚さ40μmのEVOHフィルムの成形を行った。
単軸押出機による製膜条件は下記の通りとした。

Figure 0003967803
上記のEVOHフィルムの成形に当たっては、96時間の連続成形を行って、以下の評価を行った。
【0023】
(トルク変動)
96時間連続製膜中の押出機モーター負荷(スクリュー回転数40rpmでのスクリュートルクA(アンペア)の変動により求めて、以下のとおり評価した。
○ −−−5%未満の変動
△ −−−5〜10%未満
× −−−10%以上
(吐出量変化)
96時間連続製膜中の押出機(40rpm)での吐出量の変動を求めて、以下のとおり評価した。
○ −−−5%未満
△ −−−5〜10%未満
× −−−10%以上
【0024】
(膜厚変化)
MD(長手)方向のフィルムの厚みを1時間毎に測り、変動比を求めて、以下のとおり評価した。
○ −−−5%未満
△ −−−5〜10%未満
× −−−10%以上
(フィルム外観)
フィルム100cm2(10cm×10cm)当たりのフィッシュアイの数を測定して、以下のとおり評価した。
○ −−−0〜3個
△ −−−4〜20個
× −−−21個以上
【0025】
実施例2
実施例1と同様にして、エチレン含有量40モル%、ケン化度99モル%で、メタノール含有量38重量%、含水率22重量%、酢酸ナトリウム含有量1.5部(対EVOH100部)、酢酸含有量0.02部(対EVOH100部)のペレットを製造した。
得られたペレットを酢酸水で洗浄した後(ペレット100部と30℃の0.5%酢酸水300部を30分間攪拌を2回繰り返し)、ペレット100部を30℃の温水400部に投入し、約60分間攪拌(3回繰り返し)した。その後、酢酸ナトリウム0.15部及び酢酸0.3部添加した後、オーブンにより、窒素ガスを80℃雰囲気中で30分接触させて、メタノール含有量80ppm、含水率35重量%、酢酸ナトリウム含有量0.03部(対EVOH100部)、酢酸含有量0.13部(対EVOH100部)のEVOHペレットを得た。
かかるEVOHペレットの20℃における貯蔵弾性率は4×106Paであった。
また、20℃における硬度は、65であった。
かかるEVOHペレットを用いて、同様に評価を行った。
【0026】
実施例3
エチレン含有量29.5モル%のエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体を用いた以外は実施例1に準じて実験を行い、メタノール含有量80ppm、含水率30重量%、酢酸ナトリウム含有量0.04部(対EVOH100部)、酢酸含有量0.2部(対EVOH100部)のEVOHペレットを得た。
かかるEVOHペレットの20℃における貯蔵弾性率は5.5×106Paであった。
また、20℃における硬度は、75であった。
かかるEVOHペレットを用いて、同様に評価を行った。
【0027】
比較例1
実施例1において、ケン化されたペレットの水洗及び乾燥をせずに、20℃における貯蔵弾性率が、1×106PaのEVOHペレットを得て、同様に評価を行った。
【0028】
比較例2
実施例1において、約100℃の温度で乾燥させて、20℃における貯蔵弾性率が、6×107PaのEVOHペレットを得て、同様に評価を行った。
実施例及び比較例の評価結果を表1に示す。
【0029】
【表1】
Figure 0003967803
【0030】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、EVOHペレットは特定の物性値を有しているため、低温時での溶融成形性に優れて、溶融成形時のトルク変動や吐出量変化が少なく、更には厚みの均一性に優れたフィルムやシート等の成形物を得ることができ、食品や医薬品、農薬品、工業薬品包装用のフィルム、シート、チューブ、袋、容器等の用途に非常に有用である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (hereinafter abbreviated as EVOH) pellet, and more particularly to an EVOH pellet excellent in melt moldability at a low temperature.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, EVOH is excellent in transparency, gas barrier properties, fragrance retention, solvent resistance, oil resistance, etc., and taking advantage of these properties, food packaging materials, pharmaceutical packaging materials, industrial chemical packaging materials, agricultural chemical packaging materials It is used after being formed into a film or sheet such as a container or a container such as a bottle.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in such molding, melt molding is usually performed at around 200 ° C., but in some cases, melt molding at a lower temperature may be desired, but at that time, the moldability must be sacrificed to some extent. Therefore, EVOH excellent in moldability at a relatively low temperature of about 100 ° C. is desired.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, the present inventors have conducted intensive research in view of the present situation, and as a result, they contain 0.1 to 1000 ppm of an alcohol having 5 or less carbon atoms, a water content of 10 to 60% by weight, and an ethylene content of 60 mol. %, Saponification degree is 90 mol% or more, and sodium acetate is contained in an amount of 0.0001 to 0.1 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and acetic acid is ethylene-acetic acid. Ethylene containing 0.005 to 0.5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of a saponified vinyl copolymer and having a storage elastic modulus at 20 ° C. of 2 × 10 6 to 5 × 10 7 Pa - vinyl copolymer saponified pellets acetate, excellent moldability even at a relatively low temperature of about 100 ° C., less torque fluctuation and the ejection amount change at the time of melt molding, further Ya excellent film thickness uniformity Idashi seen that it is possible to obtain a molded product of over bets like, and have completed the present invention.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The EVOH pellet of the present invention has a storage elastic modulus at 20 ° C. of 2 × 10 6 to 5 × 10 7 Pa (further 4 × 10 6 to 2 × 10 7 Pa), and the storage elastic modulus is 2 × 10 6. If it is less than 6 Pa, the molding stability is insufficient, and conversely if it exceeds 5 × 10 7 Pa, the torque becomes high during extrusion, and the object of the present invention cannot be achieved.
The storage elastic modulus is a value measured when vibration of 10 Hz is applied, and can be measured by DMA (Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer) or the like. In the present invention, EVOH pellets are up to 10 to 50 ° C. While the temperature was raised at a rate of 3 ° C./min, the storage elastic modulus was continuously measured with the DMA, and the measured value at 20 ° C. was taken as the storage elastic modulus of the EVOH pellets.
[0006]
In the present invention, the hardness of EVOH pellets at 20 ° C. (based on JIS A K6301 spring type hardness test A type, the same applies hereinafter) is preferably 50 to 90 (more preferably 70 to 90), If the hardness is less than 50, the pellet shape becomes poor. On the other hand, if it exceeds 90, low-temperature extrusion processing becomes difficult, which is not preferable. The hardness of the pellet is measured by measuring the hardness of the cut surface when the strand EVOH is cut into a pellet.
[0007]
Further, the EVOH (pellet) has an ethylene content of 60 mol% or less (more preferably 25 to 55 mol%) and a saponification degree of 90 mol% or more (further 99 mol% or more) . In addition , a melt index (210 ° C., load 2160 g) at a moisture content of 0.3% by weight or less is preferably 1 to 100 g / 10 minutes (more preferably 3 to 50 g / 10 minutes), and the ethylene content is If it exceeds 60 mol% or the degree of saponification is less than 90 mol%, the gas barrier property is lowered, which is not preferable. If the melt index is smaller than the above range, extrusion is performed during molding. When the inside of the machine is in a high torque state, extrusion processing becomes difficult, and when it is larger than this range, the extrusion processability becomes unstable due to low torque, which is not preferable.
[0008]
The EVOH used in the present invention contains, as a small amount of a modifying component, for example, any modified polymerization component such as an unsaturated carboxylic acid, its anhydride, salt, ester, α-olefin, vinyl ether, nitrile, and amide. May be.
In the present invention, as long as the ethylene content and the saponification degree are EVOH in the above ranges, they may be used alone or in combination of two or more types of EVOH.
In obtaining the EVOH pellets of the present invention having the above-mentioned physical properties, and adjusting the content of alcohol in the E VOH, to adjust the water content in the EVOH, to adjust the content of sodium acetate and acetic acid in EVOH , 5 ppm alcohol carbon atoms containing 0.1 to 1000 ppm, and moisture content (water content) shall be the 10 to 60% by weight. For such a method described below.
[0009]
Examples of the alcohol having 5 or less carbon atoms include methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, butyl alcohol and the like, and methyl alcohol is preferred industrially.
As a method for containing such alcohol, a predetermined amount of alcohol can be contained by bringing EVOH into contact with alcohol or a water / alcohol mixed solvent by a method such as dipping or spraying. It is also preferred to use methyl) alcohol.
[0010]
That is, a (methyl) alcohol solvent used in the copolymerization of ethylene and vinyl acetate, a (methyl) alcohol vapor used in the subsequent demonomer step, and a methyl alcohol vapor used in the subsequent saponification and a saponification catalyst solvent (alcohol or In the EVOH production process, there is an opportunity to come into contact with (methyl) alcohol due to water / alcohol mixed solvent), etc., and the EVOH produced thereby contains a large amount of alcohol. It is industrially preferable to adjust alcohol.
[0011]
The EVOH obtained as described above usually contains about 10 to 70% by weight of alcohol, the alcohol is removed from the obtained EVOH, and the content thereof is 0.1% relative to EVOH. Adjust to ˜1000 ppm . Specifically, an EVOH paste containing about 10 to 70% by weight of alcohol (including about 10 to 70% by weight of water) is formed into pellets, and then contacted with (warm) water, hot air, steam, etc. What is necessary is just to adjust a containing alcohol so that it may become 0.1-1000 ppm.
If the alcohol content is less than 0.1 ppm, streaks and irregularities occur on the surface of the molded film, resulting in loss of smoothness. Conversely, if it exceeds 1000 ppm, foaming tends to occur in the molded film. Absent.
[0012]
The method for adjusting the moisture content is not particularly limited. (1) A method for adjusting the moisture content by drying or the like after mixing and stirring EVOH pellets (containing water / methanol) and water in the production process, (2) A method of bringing the produced EVOH pellets into contact with water vapor, and (3) A method of adding water together with some alcohol such as methanol and isopropyl alcohol during the production of EVOH (in this case, a small amount of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol) However, the method (1) is preferable in that the content of the alcohol can be adjusted at the same time, and will be described in more detail. For example, EVOH (water content of about 10 to 70% by weight) manufactured by a conventional method as described above is cylindrical (length: 2 to 5 mm, The pellets have a diameter of about 2 to 5 mm) or a spherical shape (about 2 to 5 mm in diameter). First, the alcohol content of the pellet is 0.1 to 1% by weight, and water is contained at the same time. The pellets are placed in water and stirred with a stirrer or the like, and the pellets are continuously brought into contact with water to absorb the water while dealt with the dealcohol of the pellets. , 100 to 250 parts by weight of water is contained. At this time, the mixing weight ratio of the pellet and water (when the contact is performed twice or more, the total amount of water) is preferably about 1/5 to 1/15, and the temperature of water is preferably 20 to 40 ° C. The treatment time is preferably about 120 to 240 minutes.
[0013]
By the above treatment, the pellets of EVOH containing 0.1 to 1% by weight of alcohol and containing a large amount of water are then mixed with water / alcohol mixed steam or air at 90 ° C. or lower (more preferably 70 to 90 ° C.) It is preferable to adjust the water content by bringing the pellets into an alcohol content of 0.1 to 1000 ppm by contacting with an inert gas (nitrogen gas or the like), and the water content is preferably 10 to 60% by weight, If the water content is 20 to 40% by weight and the water content is less than 10% by weight, the melting point is high, so that low-temperature extrusion becomes difficult. On the other hand, if it exceeds 60% by weight, water backflows at the time of extrusion molding.
Specific examples of the method of bringing the hydrous pellets into contact with air or an inert gas include methods such as box dryers, band dryers, rotary dryers, air dryers, and fluid dryers, and any method is suitable. Can be adopted.
[0014]
In the present invention, it is necessary to adjust the contents of sodium acetate and acetic acid in EVOH (pellet), 0.0001 to 0.1 parts by weight of sodium acetate with respect to 100 parts by weight of EVOH, and acetic acid with EVOH 100. Ru is contained 0.005 to 0.5 parts by weight per part by weight. When the content of sodium acetate is less than 0.0001 part by weight and exceeds 0.1 part by weight, or when the content of acetic acid is less than 0.005 part by weight and exceeds 0.5 part by weight, film formation (molding) ), The extrusion stability at the time is deteriorated, and the appearance characteristics of the formed film are deteriorated. Specifically, as a method for adjusting the content of sodium acetate and acetic acid, water-containing pellets before drying are washed with water and a predetermined amount of acetic acid is added to leave a predetermined amount of sodium acetate. Examples of the method include adding a predetermined amount of acetic acid and sodium acetate after the removal, and the former method can be preferably employed.
[0015]
Moreover, it is preferable that the weight ratio (a / b) of acetic acid (a) and sodium acetate (b) contained in EVOH (pellet) is 0.5 to 10, and when the weight ratio is less than 0.5, The viscosity rises remarkably, the processing stability at the time of extrusion molding is lacking. Conversely, if it exceeds 10, fish eyes frequently occur in the molded product, which is not preferable. Specifically, the weight ratio is adjusted by (1) adding an acetic acid / sodium acetate aqueous solution adjusted to a predetermined ratio to a predetermined amount of EVOH. (2) After removing sodium acetate in EVOH with acetic acid, sodium acetate is added so as to obtain a predetermined ratio of acetic acid / sodium acetate. (3) An aqueous acetic acid solution is added to the EVOH weight at a predetermined ratio during neutralization after saponification so that a predetermined acetic acid / sodium acetate ratio is obtained. (4) EVOH containing sodium acetate as a by-product during saponification is washed with water to obtain EVOH containing a predetermined amount of sodium acetate, and then an acetic acid aqueous solution is added to obtain a constant ratio. The method (4) can be adopted.
The EVOH pellets thus obtained are excellent in melt moldability such that there is little torque fluctuation and discharge amount change during melt molding, and furthermore, a molded product such as a film or sheet having excellent thickness uniformity can be obtained. The molding method will be specifically described.
[0016]
The EVOH pellets of the present invention prepared as described above are subjected to a melt extruder and molded into a molded product such as a film. However, the conditions during the molding are not particularly limited, but are usually non-vented, Extrusion is performed at a molding temperature of 40 to 150 ° C. using a screw type extruder. Use a screw with a compression ratio of 2.0 to 3.5, and set the temperature of the feed part of the barrel at a low temperature of 80 ° C. or lower in order to leave water with a uniform distribution in the formed film. Is preferred.
The obtained molded product can further obtain a very excellent film, container, etc. by secondary workability, particularly by stretching treatment.
Such stretching can be performed by a usual method, and there are a uniaxial stretching method, a biaxial stretching method (simultaneous and sequential), and the like, and there is no particular limitation.
[0017]
The EVOH film (including unstretched film) thus obtained is often used not only as a single layer but also as a laminate comprising such a film as at least one layer.
In the production of the laminate, another substrate is laminated on one side or both sides of the obtained resin molded product layer such as a film or sheet. As a laminating method, for example, the resin molded product and other layers are laminated. And a method of laminating a film and a sheet of the base material using a known adhesive such as an organic titanium compound, an isocyanate compound, or a polyester compound.
[0018]
Examples of such other base film include linear low density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, EVA, ionomer, ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-acrylic acid ester copolymer, polypropylene, A propylene-α-olefin (α-olefin having 4 to 20 carbon atoms) copolymer, polybutene, polypentene, or other olefins alone or copolymers, or these olefins alone or copolymers are unsaturated carboxylic acids or their Broadly defined polyolefin resins such as those graft-modified with esters, polystyrene resins, polyesters, polyamides, copolymerized polyamides, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, acrylic resins, vinyl ester resins, polyester elastomers, polyurethane elastomers -Examples include chlorinated polyethylene, chlorinated polypropylene, EVOH, and paper, metal foil, uniaxial or biaxially stretched plastic film or sheet, woven fabric, non-woven fabric, metal cotton strip, wood surface, etc. It is.
As the layer structure of the laminate, the EVOH film layer is I (I 1 , I 2 ,...), And another substrate, for example, a thermoplastic resin layer is II (II 1 , II 2 ,...). When the film is in the form of a sheet, not only the two-layer structure of I / II, but also II / I / II, I / II / I, I 1 / I 2 / II, I / II 1 / II 2 , Arbitrary combinations such as II 2 / II 1 / I / II 1 / II 2 are possible.
[0019]
Thus, since the obtained EVOH film and its laminate are excellent in properties, that is, appearance characteristics, gas barrier properties, etc., films, sheets, tubes, bags, containers, etc. for foods, pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals, industrial chemicals packaging, etc. It is very useful for applications.
[0020]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples.
In the examples, “parts” and “%” mean weight basis unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
1,000 parts of a 40% methanol solution of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer having an ethylene content of 40 mol% were placed in a pressure resistant reactor and heated to 110 ° C. with stirring. Subsequently, 40 parts of a 6% methanol solution of sodium hydroxide and 2,500 parts of methanol were continuously charged and methyl acetate produced as a by-product and excess methanol were distilled from the system for 2.5 hours, A saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer having a saponification degree of 99.0 mol% of the vinyl acetate component was obtained.
While adding 450 parts of 30% aqueous methanol to the saponification finished liquid, excess methanol was distilled off to produce a water / methanol (composition ratio 3/7) solution having a resin concentration of 39%.
The water / methanol mixed solution of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer saponified product having a liquid temperature of 50 ° C. was maintained at 5 ° C. at a rate of 1.5 kg / hour from a nozzle having a pore diameter of 4 mm (width: 100 mm, Extruded into a strand shape to a length of 4,000 mm and a height of 100 mm). After completion of solidification, the strand-like material is cut with a cutter through a take-up roller (linear speed 2 m / min) attached to the end of the water tank, and white pellets having a diameter of 4 mm and a length of 4 mm (methanol content 38 wt%) A water content of 22% by weight, a sodium acetate content of 1.5 parts (vs. 100 parts of EVOH) and an acetic acid content of 0.01 parts (vs. 100 parts of EVOH) were produced.
[0021]
Next, 100 parts of the obtained pellets [ethylene content 40 mol%, saponification degree 99 mol%] were put into 400 parts of warm water of 30 ° C. and stirred (repeated three times) for about 60 minutes. After adding 6 parts, contact with nitrogen gas in an 80 ° C. atmosphere for 30 minutes in an oven, methanol content 100 ppm, water content 30 wt%, sodium acetate content 0.05 parts (vs. EVOH 100 parts), acetic acid contained EVOH pellets in an amount of 0.2 parts (vs. EVOH 100 parts) were obtained.
The storage modulus of the EVOH pellet at 20 ° C. was 5 × 10 6 Pa.
The hardness at 20 ° C. was 70.
[0022]
Subsequently, the obtained EVOH pellets were supplied to a single screw extruder equipped with a T die, and an EVOH film having a thickness of 40 μm was formed.
The film forming conditions using a single screw extruder were as follows.
Figure 0003967803
In forming the EVOH film, the following evaluation was performed by performing continuous forming for 96 hours.
[0023]
(Torque fluctuation)
It was determined by the fluctuation of the extruder motor load (screw torque A (ampere) at a screw rotation speed of 40 rpm) during continuous film formation for 96 hours, and was evaluated as follows.
○ --- Less than 5% variation △ --- 5 to less than 10% x --- 10% or more (Discharge amount change)
The fluctuation of the discharge amount in the extruder (40 rpm) during continuous film formation for 96 hours was determined and evaluated as follows.
○ −−− Less than 5% Δ −−− Less than 5% to 10% × −−−− 10% or more
(Change in film thickness)
The thickness of the film in the MD (longitudinal) direction was measured every hour, and the variation ratio was determined and evaluated as follows.
○ −−− Less than 5% Δ −−− 5 to less than 10% × −−− 10% or more (film appearance)
The number of fish eyes per 100 cm 2 (10 cm × 10 cm) of the film was measured and evaluated as follows.
○ −−− 0 to 3 Δ −−− 4 to 20 ×× −−− 21 or more
Example 2
In the same manner as in Example 1, the ethylene content was 40 mol%, the saponification degree was 99 mol%, the methanol content was 38 wt%, the water content was 22 wt%, the sodium acetate content was 1.5 parts (vs. EVOH 100 parts), Pellets with an acetic acid content of 0.02 parts (vs. 100 parts EVOH) were produced.
After the obtained pellets were washed with acetic acid water (100 parts of pellets and 300 parts of 0.5% acetic acid at 30 ° C. were stirred twice for 30 minutes), 100 parts of pellets were put into 400 parts of hot water at 30 ° C. , Stirred for about 60 minutes (repeated 3 times). Thereafter, 0.15 part of sodium acetate and 0.3 part of acetic acid were added, and then nitrogen gas was contacted in an 80 ° C. atmosphere for 30 minutes by an oven, so that the methanol content was 80 ppm, the water content was 35% by weight, and the sodium acetate content. EVOH pellets having 0.03 parts (vs. EVOH 100 parts) and acetic acid content 0.13 parts (vs. EVOH 100 parts) were obtained.
The storage modulus of the EVOH pellets at 20 ° C. was 4 × 10 6 Pa.
The hardness at 20 ° C. was 65.
Evaluation was similarly performed using such EVOH pellets.
[0026]
Example 3
An experiment was conducted according to Example 1 except that an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer having an ethylene content of 29.5 mol% was used. The methanol content was 80 ppm, the water content was 30% by weight, and the sodium acetate content was 0.04 parts. EVOH pellets having an acetic acid content of 0.2 parts (vs. EVOH 100 parts) were obtained.
The storage modulus of the EVOH pellets at 20 ° C. was 5.5 × 10 6 Pa.
The hardness at 20 ° C. was 75.
Evaluation was similarly performed using such EVOH pellets.
[0027]
Comparative Example 1
In Example 1, EVOH pellets having a storage elastic modulus of 1 × 10 6 Pa at 20 ° C. were obtained without washing and drying the saponified pellets, and evaluation was performed in the same manner.
[0028]
Comparative Example 2
In Example 1, it dried at the temperature of about 100 degreeC, the storage elastic modulus in 20 degreeC obtained the EVOH pellet of 6 * 10 < 7 > Pa, and evaluated similarly.
The evaluation results of Examples and Comparative Examples are shown in Table 1.
[0029]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003967803
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
In the present invention, since EVOH pellets have specific physical property values, they are excellent in melt moldability at low temperatures, less in torque fluctuation and change in discharge amount during melt molding, and excellent in thickness uniformity. Molded products such as films and sheets can be obtained and are very useful for foods, pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals, films for industrial chemical packaging, sheets, tubes, bags, containers and the like.

Claims (2)

炭素数が5以下のアルコールを0.1〜1000ppm含有し、かつ含水率が10〜60重量%で、エチレン含有量60モル%以下,ケン化度90モル%以上であり、かつ酢酸ナトリウムをエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物100重量部に対して0.0001〜0.1重量部含有し、かつ酢酸をエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物100重量部に対して0.005〜0.5重量部含有し、かつ20℃における貯蔵弾性率が2×10〜5×10Paであることを特徴とするエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物ペレット。 0.1 to 1000 ppm of alcohol having 5 or less carbon atoms, water content of 10 to 60% by weight, ethylene content of 60 mol% or less, saponification degree of 90 mol% or more, and sodium acetate as ethylene -0.0001-0.1 weight part is contained with respect to 100 weight part of vinyl acetate copolymer saponified products, and acetic acid is 0.005-0.100 weight parts with respect to 100 weight parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer saponified materials. An ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer saponified pellet containing 5 parts by weight and having a storage elastic modulus at 20 ° C. of 2 × 10 6 to 5 × 10 7 Pa. 含有される酢酸(a)と酢酸ナトリウム(b)の重量比(a/b)が0.5〜10であることを特徴とする請求項1記載のエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物ペレット。The weight ratio of acetic acid contained (a) and sodium acetate (b) (a / b) of claim 1 Symbol mounting, characterized in that 0.5 to 10 ethylene - vinyl acetate copolymer saponified pellets .
JP27367097A 1997-07-18 1997-09-19 Saponified pellet of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer Expired - Fee Related JP3967803B2 (en)

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JP27367097A JP3967803B2 (en) 1997-09-19 1997-09-19 Saponified pellet of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
EP98113243A EP0892006B1 (en) 1997-07-18 1998-07-16 Hydrous pellets of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer hydrolyzate, production thereof and moldings from such hydrous pellets
DE69831703T DE69831703T2 (en) 1997-07-18 1998-07-16 Hydrous granules of hydrolysates of an ethylene-vinyl acetate polymer, their preparation and articles made therewith
US09/118,018 US6184288B1 (en) 1997-07-18 1998-07-17 Hydrous pellets of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer hydrolyzate, production thereof and moldings from such hydrous pellets

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