JP3963533B2 - Water treatment method - Google Patents
Water treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- JP3963533B2 JP3963533B2 JP21559697A JP21559697A JP3963533B2 JP 3963533 B2 JP3963533 B2 JP 3963533B2 JP 21559697 A JP21559697 A JP 21559697A JP 21559697 A JP21559697 A JP 21559697A JP 3963533 B2 JP3963533 B2 JP 3963533B2
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- ozone
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は都市下水、工業排水等の高度処理に適した水処理装置に関し、更に詳しくはオゾンガスを用いた水処理方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般に、都市下水や工業排水は固液分離による一次処理と、活性汚泥処理等の生物処理による二次処理の組み合わせにより処理され、更なる浄化を必要とする場合には、COD及びTOCの低減を目的とした三次処理を受ける。この三次処理としては、オゾンガスによる酸化分解処理が、好気性生物による生物濾過と共に知られている。オゾンガスによる三次処理は、オゾンの強力な酸化力等を利用して二次処理水中の主にCODを分解し低減させる処理である。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、オゾンガス単独による三次処理では、CODは必ずしも十分に減少しない。BODについてはむしろ増大する。そして、TOCは全くと言ってよいほど減少しない。オゾンガスによる処理でBODが増加するのは、オゾンガスによる分解に伴ってCODが低分子化してBODに転化し、その低分子化したBODに対してはオゾンガスによる効果が乏しいためと考えられている。
【0004】
オゾンによる三次処理での処理効果を高めるためには、紫外線の照射が有効とされている。オゾンガスによる三次処理の際に紫外線の照射を行うと、オゾン量及び紫外線照射量の増大に伴ってCODは激減し、TOCも減少する。BODについても、オゾン量及び紫外線照射量の特定領域では上昇するものの、それ以上の領域ではオゾン量及び紫外線照射量の増大に伴って減少する。そして最終的には全ての有機物を無機物とすることができる。
【0005】
しかしながら、この処理では、極めて多量のオゾン及び紫外線照射量が必要となり、さもないとCOD及びBODを十分に減少させることは不可能であり、TOCも十分に減少させることはできない。従って、処理コスト及び設備規模は非現実的なレベルまで増大する。
【0006】
本発明の目的は、COD及びBOD、更にはTOCを十分に減少させることができ、しかも処理コスト及び設備規模の増大を可及的に抑制することができる水処理方法を提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の水処理方法は、酸素ガスを原料ガスとしてオゾン発生機で発生させたオゾン含有酸素ガスをエジェクタに導入してオゾン含有酸素ガス中のオゾンを被処理水中に溶解させるオゾン溶解工程と、エジェクタでオゾンを溶解させた後の被処理水に紫外線を照射することにより被処理水中のオゾンの分解及びオゾンによる酸化反応の促進を行う紫外線照射工程と、紫外線を照射した後の、前記オゾン含有酸素ガス中の酸素ガス分を含む被処理水を好気性生物により濾過する生物濾過工程とを含んでいる。
【0008】
この構成によると、従来より少量のオゾン及び紫外線照射量でも、COD及びBOD、更にはTOCを十分に減少させることができる。即ち、オゾン量及び紫外線照射量が少なくても、COD及びTOCは減少するが、BODは逆に増加する。しかし、紫外線を照射した後の被処理水を好気性生物により濾過することにより、このBODが減少する。従って、少量のオゾン及び紫外線照射量でも、これらが総合的に低レベルまで減少する。
【0009】
また、紫外線の照射では、被処理水中の残留オゾンが分解し、酸素となるので、紫外線照射の後で行われる生物濾過では、残留オゾンによる好気性生物の死滅がないだけでなく、その酸素が、オゾン含有酸素ガス中の酸素ガス分と共に、ここでの酸素源となるため、低分子のBODの分解が効率よく行われる。
【0010】
なお、従来からも生物濾過とオゾン処理を組み合わせた例は存在する。しかし、この例では、生物濾過の後にオゾン処理が行われる。それは、オゾン処理の後にオゾンが残留するため、オゾン処理の後に生物濾過を行うと、生物濾過で使用される好気性生物を残留オゾンが死滅させるからである。
【0011】
これに対し、本発明の水処理方法では、生物濾過の前にオゾン処理が行われる。しかし、そのオゾン処理に紫外線の照射が組み合わされているために、オゾン処理は生物濾過の障害にならず、むしろ生物濾過における有効な酸素源として機能することになる。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に本発明の実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。図1は本発明の一実施形態を示す水処理装置の構成図である。
【0013】
本実施形態の水処理方法では、都市下水、工業排水の二次処理水が被処理水としてタンク1に導入される。タンク1内の被処理水は、ポンプ2によりオゾン溶解手段3、紫外線照射手段4、気泡微細化手段5及び生物濾過手段6に順番に送られる。
【0014】
オゾン溶解手段3は、被処理水にオゾンガスを溶解させるエジェクタである。エジェクタは、被処理水にオゾンガスを短時間で効率よく溶解させることができ、装置規模の縮小に寄与する。
【0015】
オゾンガスとしては、酸素発生機7で生成した酸素ガスを原料ガスとしてオゾン発生機8で発生させたオゾンガス、正確にはオゾン含有酸素ガス中のオゾンガスを用いる。オゾンガスを発生させる際の原料ガスとしては空気を用いることもできるが、酸素ガスを用いる方がオゾン濃度が高く、紫外線照射後のガスが殆ど酸素ガスとなるため、生物濾過での酸素源として特に適するものとなる。
【0016】
紫外線照射手段4は、内部を通過する被処理水に紫外線を照射して、被処理水中のオゾンを分解すると同時に、オゾンによる酸化反応を促進する。紫外線の波長は、オゾンの分解及び酸化反応の促進に適した254nm付近が好ましい。
【0017】
気泡微細化手段5は、被処理水中のガスを微細化するホモゲナイザである。
【0018】
生物濾過手段6は、ろ材表面に好気性生物を繁殖させた周知構成の濾過手段である。ろ材としてはアンスラサント、活性炭、セラミック等が使用される。気泡微細化手段5を通過した被処理水は、生物濾過手段6に下部より導入され、上部から三次処理水として導出される。
【0019】
本実施形態の水処理方法では、オゾン溶解手段3によるオゾン注入量及び紫外線照射手段4による紫外線照射量を低位に制限する。これにより、COD及びTOCは減少するが、BODは増加する。しかし、そのBODは生物濾過手段6において低減する。また、紫外線の照射によるオゾンの分解に伴って発生する酸素は、オゾン含有酸素ガス中の酸素ガス分と共に、生物濾過手段6での酸素源となる。
【0020】
従って、本実施形態の水処理方法では、オゾン注入量及び紫外線照射量を制限しているにもかかわらず、被処理水中のCOD及びBOD、更にはTOCが総合的に分解処理される。
【0021】
オゾン注入量としては5〜50mg/Lが好ましい。これが少ないと十分な効果が得られず、多すぎる場合はコストの増加を招く。紫外線照射量は、照射時間で表して50分以下が好ましく、これが確保されるように照射強度等を設定する。照射時間が長くなると、システムが大型化する。
【0022】
【実施例】
次に、本発明の実施例を示し、比較例と対比することにより、本発明の効果を明らかにする。
【0023】
図1のシステムを用いて、下水2次処理水にオゾンガスを注入し、紫外線を照射した後、その処理水を生物濾過した。オゾン注入量は20mg/L、紫外線照射時間は20分とした。各段階でのCOD量、BOD量及びTOC量を表1に示す。
【0024】
【表1】
【0025】
オゾン注入量が20mg/L、紫外線照射時間が20分の条件の場合、生物濾過なしではBODは増加する。しかし、生物濾過を組み合わせることにより、上記条件でもCOD量、BOD量及びTOC量は全て低位に減少する。ちなみに、生物濾過なしで同じ効果を得ようとした場合は、オゾン注入量を100mg/Lに、また紫外線照射時間を100分(同一照射強度)にそれぞれ増やす必要があった。
【0026】
【発明の効果】
以上に述べた通り、本発明の水処理方法は、酸素ガスを原料ガスとしてオゾン発生機で発生させたオゾン含有酸素ガスを処理ガスとして使用し、エジェクタによるオゾン注入の後に、紫外線の照射を経て、生物濾過を行い、処理ガスであるオゾン含有酸素ガス中の酸素ガス分を生物濾過での酸素源として有効活用することにより、比較的少量のオゾン及び紫外線により、被処理水中のCOD及びBOD、更にはTOCを効果的に分解処理することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の一実施形態を示す水処理装置の構成図である。
【符号の説明】
1 タンク
2 ポンプ
3 オゾン溶解手段
4 紫外線照射手段
5 気泡微細化手段
6 生物濾過手段
7 酸素発生機
8 オゾン発生機[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a water treatment apparatus suitable for advanced treatment of municipal sewage, industrial wastewater, and the like, and more particularly to a water treatment method using ozone gas.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, municipal sewage and industrial wastewater are treated by a combination of primary treatment by solid-liquid separation and secondary treatment by biological treatment such as activated sludge treatment. If further purification is required, COD and TOC can be reduced. Receive the desired tertiary treatment. As this tertiary treatment, oxidative decomposition treatment with ozone gas is known together with biological filtration by aerobic organisms. The tertiary treatment with ozone gas is a treatment that mainly decomposes and reduces COD in the secondary treated water by utilizing the strong oxidizing power of ozone and the like.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the tertiary treatment with ozone gas alone does not necessarily reduce COD sufficiently. Rather, the BOD increases. And TOC does not decrease so much. The reason why the BOD increases due to the treatment with ozone gas is thought to be that the COD is lowered in molecular weight and decomposed into BOD as the ozone gas is decomposed, and the effect of ozone gas is poor on the lowered molecular weight BOD.
[0004]
In order to enhance the effect of the tertiary treatment with ozone, ultraviolet irradiation is effective. When ultraviolet irradiation is performed during the tertiary treatment with ozone gas, the COD drastically decreases and the TOC also decreases as the ozone amount and the ultraviolet irradiation amount increase. The BOD also increases in a specific region of the ozone amount and the ultraviolet irradiation amount, but decreases in the region beyond it as the ozone amount and the ultraviolet irradiation amount increase. Finally, all organic substances can be made inorganic.
[0005]
However, this treatment requires a very large amount of ozone and ultraviolet irradiation, otherwise COD and BOD cannot be reduced sufficiently, and TOC cannot be reduced sufficiently. Accordingly, processing costs and equipment scales increase to unrealistic levels.
[0006]
An object of the present invention is to provide a water treatment method capable of sufficiently reducing COD and BOD, as well as TOC, and suppressing the increase in treatment cost and equipment scale as much as possible.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The water treatment method of the present invention includes an ozone dissolution step of introducing ozone-containing oxygen gas generated by an ozone generator using oxygen gas as a raw material gas into an ejector and dissolving ozone in the ozone-containing oxygen gas in the water to be treated ; An ultraviolet irradiation process that promotes the decomposition of ozone in the water to be treated and the oxidation reaction by ozone by irradiating the water to be treated after ozone is dissolved by the ejector, and the ozone containing after the ultraviolet light is irradiated. And a biological filtration step of filtering the water to be treated containing oxygen gas in the oxygen gas by an aerobic organism.
[0008]
According to this configuration, COD, BOD, and TOC can be sufficiently reduced even with a smaller amount of ozone and ultraviolet irradiation than in the prior art. That is, even if the amount of ozone and the amount of ultraviolet irradiation are small, COD and TOC decrease, but BOD increases conversely. However, the BOD is reduced by filtering the water to be treated after being irradiated with ultraviolet rays with an aerobic organism. Therefore, even with a small amount of ozone and ultraviolet irradiation, they are comprehensively reduced to a low level.
[0009]
In addition, residual ozone in the water to be treated decomposes and becomes oxygen when irradiated with ultraviolet rays, so biological filtration performed after ultraviolet irradiation not only kills aerobic organisms due to residual ozone, but also reduces oxygen. In addition to the oxygen gas content in the ozone-containing oxygen gas, it becomes an oxygen source here, so that the low-molecular BOD is efficiently decomposed.
[0010]
Conventionally, there are examples in which biological filtration and ozone treatment are combined. However, in this example, ozone treatment is performed after biological filtration. This is because, since ozone remains after the ozone treatment, residual ozone kills aerobic organisms used in biofiltration when biofiltration is performed after the ozone treatment.
[0011]
On the other hand, in the water treatment method of the present invention, ozone treatment is performed before biological filtration. However, because the ozone treatment is combined with ultraviolet irradiation, the ozone treatment does not become an obstacle to biofiltration, but rather functions as an effective oxygen source in biofiltration.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a water treatment apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention.
[0013]
In the water treatment method of this embodiment, secondary treated water such as municipal sewage and industrial wastewater is introduced into the tank 1 as treated water. The water to be treated in the tank 1 is sent to the ozone dissolution means 3, the ultraviolet irradiation means 4, the bubble refining means 5 and the biological filtration means 6 in order by the pump 2.
[0014]
The ozone dissolving means 3 is an ejector that dissolves ozone gas in the water to be treated. The ejector can efficiently dissolve ozone gas in the water to be treated in a short time, and contributes to the reduction of the scale of the apparatus.
[0015]
As the ozone gas, the ozone gas generated by the ozone generator 8 using the oxygen gas generated by the oxygen generator 7 as a raw material gas , more precisely, the ozone gas in the ozone-containing oxygen gas is used. Air can also be used as a raw material gas when generating ozone gas, but oxygen gas is higher in ozone concentration, and most of the gas after ultraviolet irradiation is oxygen gas. It will be suitable.
[0016]
The ultraviolet irradiation means 4 irradiates the water to be treated passing therethrough with ultraviolet rays to decompose ozone in the water to be treated, and at the same time promotes an oxidation reaction by ozone. The wavelength of ultraviolet rays is preferably around 254 nm, which is suitable for ozone decomposition and promotion of oxidation reaction.
[0017]
The bubble refinement means 5 is a homogenizer that refines the gas in the water to be treated.
[0018]
The biological filtration means 6 is a well-known filtration means in which aerobic organisms are propagated on the filter medium surface. Anthracant, activated carbon, ceramic, etc. are used as the filter medium. The treated water that has passed through the bubble refining means 5 is introduced into the biological filtration means 6 from the lower part, and is derived from the upper part as tertiary treated water.
[0019]
In the water treatment method of this embodiment, the ozone injection amount by the ozone dissolving means 3 and the ultraviolet irradiation amount by the ultraviolet irradiation means 4 are limited to low levels. This reduces COD and TOC, but increases BOD. However, the BOD is reduced in the biological filtration means 6. In addition, oxygen generated as a result of ozone decomposition due to ultraviolet irradiation becomes an oxygen source in the biological filtration means 6 together with the oxygen gas content in the ozone-containing oxygen gas .
[0020]
Therefore, in the water treatment method of this embodiment, although the ozone injection amount and the ultraviolet irradiation amount are limited, COD and BOD in the water to be treated, and further TOC are comprehensively decomposed.
[0021]
The ozone injection amount is preferably 5 to 50 mg / L. If the amount is too small, a sufficient effect cannot be obtained. If the amount is too large, the cost increases. The amount of ultraviolet irradiation is preferably 50 minutes or less in terms of irradiation time, and the irradiation intensity is set so as to ensure this. As the irradiation time becomes longer, the system becomes larger.
[0022]
【Example】
Next, examples of the present invention will be shown, and the effects of the present invention will be clarified by comparing with comparative examples.
[0023]
Using the system of FIG. 1, ozone gas was injected into sewage secondary treated water, irradiated with ultraviolet rays, and then the treated water was biologically filtered. The ozone injection amount was 20 mg / L, and the ultraviolet irradiation time was 20 minutes. Table 1 shows the COD amount, BOD amount, and TOC amount at each stage.
[0024]
[Table 1]
[0025]
When the ozone injection amount is 20 mg / L and the ultraviolet irradiation time is 20 minutes, BOD increases without biofiltration. However, by combining biological filtration, the COD amount, BOD amount, and TOC amount all decrease to a low level even under the above conditions. Incidentally, when trying to obtain the same effect without biological filtration, it was necessary to increase the ozone injection amount to 100 mg / L and the ultraviolet irradiation time to 100 minutes (same irradiation intensity).
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the water treatment method of the present invention uses an oxygen-containing oxygen gas generated by an ozone generator as a processing gas using oxygen gas as a raw material gas, and after irradiation of ultraviolet rays after ozone injection by an ejector. , have rows biological filtration, by effectively utilizing the oxygen gas content of the ozone-containing oxygen gas is a process gas as an oxygen source in biological filtration, a relatively small amount of ozone and ultraviolet light, in the for-treatment water COD and BOD Furthermore, the TOC can be effectively decomposed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a water treatment apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tank 2 Pump 3 Ozone dissolution means 4 Ultraviolet irradiation means 5 Bubble refinement means 6 Biological filtration means 7 Oxygen generator 8 Ozone generator
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
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JP21559697A JP3963533B2 (en) | 1997-07-24 | 1997-07-24 | Water treatment method |
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JP21559697A JP3963533B2 (en) | 1997-07-24 | 1997-07-24 | Water treatment method |
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JP3963533B2 true JP3963533B2 (en) | 2007-08-22 |
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JP3795268B2 (en) * | 1999-08-17 | 2006-07-12 | アタカ工業株式会社 | Method and apparatus for treating wastewater containing organochlorine compounds |
CN106007256A (en) | 2016-07-28 | 2016-10-12 | 黄霞 | Microbubble ozone catalytic oxidation-no-aeration biochemical coupling technology system and application thereof |
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