JP3962364B2

JP3962364B2 - Speed converter

Info

Publication number: JP3962364B2
Application number: JP2003207185A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 多喜夫中村; 達雄清水; 昭博後藤; 孝植田
Original assignee: OM MFG CO., LTD.
Current assignee: OM MFG CO., LTD.
Priority date: 2003-08-11
Filing date: 2003-08-11
Publication date: 2007-08-22
Anticipated expiration: 2023-08-11
Also published as: JP2005061430A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、速度変換装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】
歯車の架け替えを自動で行い噛合する歯車の歯数比を変えて回転速度を変速させる速度変換装置において、歯車を上下移動させて歯車の架け替えを行なう歯車上下駆動機構には、一般的に直動式の油圧シリンダ装置が用いられ、また停電等で油圧源が落ちた場合に歯車の落下を防止するため、油圧回路上にシャットオフバルブを設けたり、スプリングにより自重を保持する機構を設けたものが用いられている。
【０００３】
しかし、一方で省エネや省資源の観点から油圧レス化が望まれているが、重量の大きな歯車を特に上下方向に移動する方式のものにおいては、大きな引き上げ力を必要とするため、大きな駆動力の出せる油圧シリンダ装置を用いなければならず、また落下の危険性を防止しなければならないことからも空圧等によるエアシリング装置に置き換えることはできず、そのため油圧レス化できずに省エネ資源化が図れなかった。
【０００４】
例えば、縦型旋盤のワークを設置する水平回転テーブルに設ける速度変換装置は、水平回転テーブルの回転軸やこれと連動する伝達回転軸を被駆動軸とし、この立設状態に配される被駆動軸に上下方向に歯数の異なる複数の変速歯車を設け、またこの被駆動軸と隣接並設した駆動軸に歯数の異なる複数の伝達歯数を回り止め状態にして上下スライド自在に設けた構成とし、回転駆動源によって駆動軸を回転させると、噛合する伝達歯車と変速歯車を介して被回動軸が伝達回転し、水平回転テーブルが回転するように構成している。
【０００５】
そして、この駆動軸に設けた伝達歯車を駆動軸に沿って上下動させて噛合する伝達歯車と変速歯車を夫々切り替えてこの噛合する歯車の歯数比を切り替えることで変速するように構成している。
【０００６】
従来は、このような変速時に伝達歯車を上下動させる歯車上下駆動装置として直動式の油圧シリンダ装置を用いざるをえなかった。
【０００７】
即ち、大型の縦型旋盤における回転テーブルの速度変換装置に用いる歯車は大型で重量があり、しかも上下動式であるために、前述のように油圧シリンダ装置を用いざるをえなく、油圧レス化が図れず省資源化が図れなかった。
【０００８】
本発明は、例えば大型の縦型旋盤における水平回転テーブルの回転速度変換装置において、大きな駆動力を出せなくても大型の速度変換のための架け換え用の歯車を上下動でき、落下の危険性も容易に防止できる構造に設計可能で、そのためこの歯車を上下動させる駆動装置としてエアシリンダ装置を採用することが可能で油圧レス化でき、省資源化を図れる構造となる画期的な速度変換装置を提供することを目的としている。
【０００９】
【課題を解決するための手段】
添付図面を参照して本発明の要旨を説明する。
【００１０】
被駆動軸１の上下方向に異なる歯数の複数の変速歯車２を設け、この被駆動軸１と並設する駆動軸３の上下方向に異なる歯数の複数の伝達歯車４を設け、この変速歯車２若しくは伝達歯車４の位置を上下動させて前記一の変速歯車２と前記一の伝達歯車４とを歯合させる歯車上下駆動機構５を設けて、歯合する前記変速歯車２と前記伝達歯車４の歯数比を切り替えて被駆動軸１の回転速度を変速させる速度変換装置において、前記歯車上下駆動機構５の駆動装置６及びこの駆動装置６によって水平方向に進退移動する一対の駆動移動部９を、前記変速歯車２と前記伝達歯車４を設けたギアボックス上に設置し、この各駆動移動部９に水平に対して傾斜する案内傾斜面８を設け、前記変速歯車２若しくは前記伝達歯車４を前記被駆動軸１若しくは前記駆動軸３に対して上下方向にスライド自在にして回り止め状態に設け、この上下方向にスライド自在に設けた前記変速歯車２若しくは前記伝達歯車４とベアリングを介して回動自在にして上下動に対して一体化した取付部 11 Ｂに上下動部11としての引動軸部11Ａを立設し、この引動軸部11Ａの上端部を前記駆動装置６及び前記一対の駆動移動部９を設置した前記ギアボックス上面に突出し、この引動軸部11Ａの突出上端部に前記ギアボックス上面に設けたガイド部に案内されて水平移動する前記一対の駆動移動部９の前記案内傾斜面８に案内当接するローラを採用した案内当接部10を対向状態に設け、少なくとも前記歯車上下駆動機構５の駆動装置６の進退ロッド７を前進若しくは後退駆動して、前記一対の駆動移動部９を前記ギアボックス上面に沿って水平方向に駆動移動させたとき、この駆動移動部９に設けた前記案内傾斜面８に対して相対的に前記一対の案内当接部10が夫々この案内傾斜面８に沿って登り上がり、この案内当接部10が上動し、この案内当接部10の上動によってこの案内当接部10を設けた前記上下動部11としての引動軸部11Ａが上動して、前記駆動移動部９の移動による前記案内傾斜面８の移動により前記案内当接部10を介して前記引動軸部11Ａが引き上げ移動して前記取付部 11 Ｂが上動し前記変速歯車２若しくは前記伝達歯車４が前記被駆動軸１若しくは前記駆動軸３に回り止め状態のまま引き上げスライド移動するように前記歯車上下駆動機構５を構成し、少なくとも前記案内傾斜面８の上部側に、この案内傾斜面８に案内されて上動し前記変速歯車２と前記伝達歯車４とが噛合する位置まで上動した前記案内当接部10を水平支承する案内水平面12を連設し、この前記案内傾斜面８の上部側に連設した案内水平面12に、この案内傾斜面８に案内されて上動し前記変速歯車２と前記伝達歯車４とが噛合する位置まで上動した前記案内当接部10が、戻り下動止めされる前記案内傾斜面８の傾斜と逆に傾斜する逆勾配13若しくは前記案内当接部10が係合する係合凹部13'を設けた構成とし、前記歯車上下駆動機構５の駆動装置６は、油圧シリンダ装置ではなくエアシリンダ装置として構成したことを特徴とする速度変換装置に係るものである。
【００１１】
【発明の実施の形態】
好適と考える本発明の実施の形態（発明をどのように実施するか）を、図面に基づいてその作用効果を示して簡単に説明する。
【００１２】
速度変換のために例えば駆動軸３側に設けた複数の伝達歯車４を一斉に駆動軸３に沿って上下動させる構造に設計した場合は、歯車上下駆動装置５の駆動装置６を作動させて例えば進退ロッド７を介して駆動移動部９を前進駆動若しくは後退駆動させて、この駆動移動部９の案内傾斜面８を略水平方向に駆動移動させると、この案内傾斜面８に当接している案内当接部10がこの案内傾斜面８を相対的に登り上がり案内当接部10は上昇し、この案内当接部10を設けた上下動部11が上昇することで伝達歯車４は上昇する。
【００１３】
逆に案内傾斜面８を逆方向に駆動移動するか駆動を停止してフリーにすることで例えば伝達歯車４や上下動部11の自重によって案内当接部11は案内傾斜面８を下り伝達歯車４は下動することとなる。
【００１４】
このように駆動装置６により駆動移動部９を進退駆動することで（一方向のみへの駆動としても良いし、双方向への駆動としても良い）、駆動移動部９の移動によって案内傾斜面８が移動することにより案内当接部10はこれに案内されて上下動し、これにより案内当接部10を設けた上下動部11を介して伝達歯車４が上下動することになる。
【００１５】
従って、この伝達歯車４の上下動によって一の伝達歯車４を一の変速歯車２に切り替えて噛合させることで、噛合する伝達歯車４と変速歯車２との歯数比が切り替えられ被駆動軸１の回転速度が変速することとなる。
【００１６】
従って、このようにたとえ重量のある伝達歯車４を上下方向に駆動して変速する構成であっても、伝達歯車４を上下方向に直動駆動するのではなく、案内傾斜面８を有する駆動移動部９を駆動装置６による進退ロッド７の進退によって略水平方向に移動し、この案内傾斜面８によって案内当接部10、上下動部11を介して伝達歯車４を上動する構成のため、例えば案内傾斜面８の傾斜を緩やかにすることで（例えば４５°以下）、被駆動軸１の進退ストロークは長くなるが大きな駆動力を要しないため駆動装置６を油圧シリンダ装置でなくてもエアシリンダ装置で構成でき、油圧レス化が図られ、省資源化が図れる。
【００１７】
また、更に単にこの案内傾斜面８の上部側に案内水平面12を連設したり、逆勾配13若しくは案内当接部10が係合する係合凹部13'，逆勾配13を設けることで、伝達歯車４を上動させた位置をこの案内水平面12や逆勾配13や係合凹部13'で支承あるいは戻り下動止めしておくことが容易に実現できるため、簡易な構成でありながら、たとえ停電等によって油圧や空圧の供給が落ちても落下防止でき、簡易な構成で確実に落下防止が図れる安全対策の万全な画期的な速度変換装置を容易に実現可能な構成となる。
【００１８】
【実施例】
本発明の具体的な実施例について図面に基づいて説明する。
【００１９】
本実施例は、以下のような大型の縦型旋盤でのワークを設置する水平回転テーブルに設ける速度変換装置に本発明を適用したものである。
【００２０】
即ち、本実施例では、水平回転テーブル14の回転軸と連動する伝達回転軸を被駆動軸１とし、この立設状態に配される被駆動軸１に上下方向に歯数の異なる二種類の変速歯車を設け、またこの被駆動軸１と隣接並設した駆動軸３に歯数の異なる二種類の伝達歯数を回り止め状態にして上下方向に一体となってスライドするように設けた構成とし、回転駆動源によって駆動軸３を回転させると、噛合する伝達歯車４と変速歯車２を介して被回動軸１が伝達回転し、水平回転テーブルが回転するように構成している。
【００２１】
そして、本実施例では軸は移動させずこの駆動軸３にスライド自在に設けた伝達歯車４を駆動軸３に沿って上下動させて噛合する伝達歯車４と変速歯車２を夫々切り替えてこの噛合する歯車の歯数比を切り替えることで変速するように構成している。
【００２２】
即ち、本実施例では、二組の変速歯車２と伝達歯車４とし、二つの伝達歯車４を一斉に下動したときに噛合する変速歯車２とこの一の伝達歯車４との歯数比と、二つの達歯車４を一斉に上動したときに噛合する変速歯車２とこの一の伝達歯車４との歯数比が異なるように構成して、二通りの速度に変速できるように構成している。言い換えれば、下動位置で噛合する場合と上動位置で噛合する場合とで、異なる変速歯車２と伝達歯車４とが噛合して二通りの速度に変更できるように構成している。
【００２３】
本実施例ではこのような速度変換装置において、前記歯車上下駆動機構５の駆動装置６（エアシリンダ装置）を前記歯車２，４を設けたギアボックス上に設置して、このエアシリンダ装置６の進退ロッド７が水平方向に進退駆動制御されるように構成し、この進退ロッド７によって略水平方向に移動する案内傾斜面８（水平方向に対して傾斜する案内面）を有する駆動移動部９を設け、前記伝達歯車４を上下動させる前記上下動部11の上端部に前記案内傾斜面８に案内当接する案内当接部10を設け、前記駆動装置６の進退ロッド７を前進方向駆動することで、前記駆動移動部９の案内傾斜面８を略水平方向に駆動前進移動させ、この移動する案内傾斜面８に案内され前記案内当接部10が案内傾斜面８に沿いつつ上動することでこの案内当接部10を設けた上下動部11を上動させ前記伝達歯車４を上動させるように前記歯車上下駆動機構５を構成している。
【００２４】
更に説明すると、異なる歯数の大小二つを一体とした伝達歯車４を駆動軸３に対して上下方向にスライド自在にして回り止め状態に設け、この上下二つの伝達歯車４と更にベアリングを介して上下動に対して一体化した取付部11Ｂに前記上下動部11としての引動軸部11Ａを立設し、この引動軸部11Ａの上端部を前記駆動装置６（エアシリンダ装置）を設置したギアボックス上面に突出し、この突出上端部にギアボックス上面に設けたガイド部に案内されてこのギアボックス上面に沿って水平に移動する駆動移動部９の案内傾斜面８に案内当接する前記案内当接部10を設けている。
【００２５】
具体的には、前記駆動移動部９には中央を境に移動方向に対する左右に案内傾斜面８が設けられていて、前記引動軸部11Ａはこの駆動移動部９の中央から上方へ突出し、この突出上端の左右にローラを採用した案内当接部10を設け、このローラ状の左右の案内当接部10が夫々左右の案内傾斜面８に案内当接するように構成している。
【００２６】
従って、前記歯車上下駆動機構５の駆動装置６の進退ロッド７を前進駆動して、前記駆動移動部９を駆動移動させたとき、この駆動移動部９の上面に設けた前記案内傾斜面８に対して相対的に前記案内当接部10が案内傾斜面８に沿って転がりながら登り上がり、この案内傾斜面８の押し上げによってこの案内当接部10が上動し、この案内当接部10の上動によってこの案内当接部10を設けた前記上下動部11（引動軸部11Ａ，取付部11Ｂ）が上動して、前記駆動移動部９の移動による前記案内傾斜面８の移動により前記案内当接部10を介して前記引動軸部11Ａ，取付部11Ｂが引き上げ移動して二つの伝達歯車４が駆動軸３に回り止め状態のまま引き上げスライド移動するように前記歯車上下駆動機構５を構成している。
【００２７】
また、本実施例では、前記案内傾斜面８の上部側に、この案内傾斜面８に案内されて上動し前記変速歯車２と前記伝達歯車４とが噛合する位置まで上動した前記案内当接部10を水平支承する案内水平面12を連設し、この案内傾斜面８の上部側に連設した案内水平面12に、この案内傾斜面８の傾斜と逆に傾斜する逆勾配13を有する係合凹部13'を設け、上動したときこの係合凹部13'に案内当接部10が係合し、案内当接部10が案内水平面12に支承保持されると共に、この係合凹部13'の逆勾配13によって係止保持され、伝達歯車４が上動して一の伝達歯車４と一の変速歯車２とが噛合した上動位置が確実に保持されるように構成している。
【００２８】
即ち、本実施例では、二通りの速度に変速する実施例で、伝達歯車４を上動した時と、下動した時で、夫々別の伝達歯車４と変速歯車２とが噛合し、その中間は移動範囲となる構成とし、この移動範囲に対応する案内傾斜面８の上部側には案内水平面12を設け、下部側にも案内水平面12’を設け、噛合する位置では案内当接部10は案内傾斜面８の途中になく必ず水平面で支承されるようにしている。
【００２９】
従って、上動した位置でも前述のように案内水平面12で支承され（案内当接部10は案内傾斜面８の途中にないため）、たとえ駆動装置６の駆動が切れても案内傾斜面８を下がり落ちることはないため、伝達歯車４の上動は確実に保持できることとなる。
【００３０】
従って、この案内傾斜面８を例えば４５°以下の緩やかな傾斜とすれば、エアシリンダ装置であっても、この駆動移動部９による案内傾斜面８の駆動移動によって、案内当接部10は案内上昇して伝達歯車４を持ち上げることができ、上動位置で伝達歯車４と変速歯車２とが噛合する状態では、案内当接部10は案内傾斜面８を登り終えた案内水平面12に支承されることで戻り動して伝達歯車４が落下するおそれがなく、たとえ上昇する歯車が重くてもエアシリンダ装置でも上昇でき、且つ確実に支承保持できる。
【００３１】
また、更に本実施例では、この案内水平面12に逆勾配13を有する係合凹部13'（逆勾配13のみでも良い）を設けているため、一層確実に戻り下動が阻止され、落下防止を確実に行なえる。
【００３２】
しかも、係合凹部13'を設ければ、噛合状態を位置決め保持できるため、駆動制御が容易となる上、安定した回転伝達が行なえ一層秀れた速度変換装置となる。
【００３３】
また、本実施例では二段変速としたが数段に変速する場合は、案内傾斜面８を複数連設し、その間の噛合位置に夫々案内水平面12を設けることになる。
【００３４】
また、案内当接部10は左右に設けた案内傾斜面８に夫々当接させたので、この上下動が安定して行なえ、しかも、案内当接部10はローラ状とし、更に遊転自在に設けたから、摩擦が少なく、始動もスムーズに行なえ、一層スムーズな上下動をエアシリンダ装置で行なえる。
【００３５】
尚、本発明は、本実施例に限られるものではなく、各構成要件の具体的構成は適宜設計し得るものである。
【００３６】
【発明の効果】
本発明は上述のように構成したから、例えば大型の縦型旋盤における水平回転テーブルの回転速度変換装置において、大きな駆動力を出せなくても大型の速度変換のための架け換え用の歯車を上下動でき、落下の危険性も容易に防止できる構造に設計可能で、そのためこの歯車を上下動させる駆動装置としてエアシリンダ装置を採用することが可能で油圧レス化でき、省資源化を図れる構造となる画期的な速度変換装置となる。
【００３７】
また、本発明においては、簡易な構成で容易に実現できる実用性に秀れた速度変換装置であり、回転駆動状態（噛合状態）での上動位置が案内水平面により支承保持されるため、たとえ停電で駆動が落ちても下動（落下）することがなく、極めて簡易な構成で安全性にも秀れる画期的な速度変換装置となる。
【００３８】
また、本発明においては、更に逆勾配を有する係合凹部（逆勾配のみでも良い）を設けているため、一層確実に戻り下動が阻止され、落下防止を確実に防止でき、係合凹部を設ければ、噛合状態を位置決め保持できるため、駆動制御が容易となる上、安定した回転伝達が行なえる極めて画期的な速度変換装置となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本実施例の本発明を適用した大型の縦型旋盤の斜視図である。
【図２】本実施例の要部の説明斜視図である。
【図３】本実施例の要部の説明断面図である。
【図４】本実施例の図３の状態から伝達歯車を上動させて高速に変速した状態での説明断面図である。
【図５】本実施例の図３における伝達歯車径方向での拡大説明断面図である。
【図６】本実施例の伝達歯車の上動時に案内当接部が支承係止されて上動位置が支承係止保持されることを示す拡大説明図である。
【符号の説明】
１被駆動軸
２変速歯車
３駆動軸
４伝達歯車
５歯車上下駆動機構
６駆動装置
７進退ロッド
８案内傾斜面
９駆動移動部
10 案内当接部
11 上下動部
11Ａ引動軸部
11 Ｂ取付部
12 案内水平面
13 逆勾配
13’ 係合凹部[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a speed conversion device.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention]
In a speed conversion device that automatically changes gears and changes the gear ratio of the gears to be meshed to change the rotation speed, the gear vertical drive mechanism that moves the gears up and down to change the gears is generally used. A direct-acting hydraulic cylinder device is used, and a shut-off valve is provided on the hydraulic circuit or a mechanism to hold its own weight with a spring to prevent the gear from dropping if the hydraulic power source drops due to a power failure, etc. Is used.
[0003]
However, on the other hand, it is desired to reduce hydraulic pressure from the viewpoint of energy saving and resource saving. However, in the system that moves a heavy gear, especially in the vertical direction, a large driving force is required. Because it is necessary to use a hydraulic cylinder device that can discharge, and because it is necessary to prevent the risk of falling, it cannot be replaced with an air shilling device due to pneumatic pressure, etc. Could not be planned.
[0004]
For example, a speed conversion device provided on a horizontal rotary table on which a vertical lathe work is installed has a rotary shaft of the horizontal rotary table or a transmission rotary shaft interlocked therewith as a driven shaft, and is driven in this standing state. A plurality of transmission gears having different numbers of teeth in the vertical direction are provided on the shaft, and a plurality of transmission teeth having different numbers of teeth are provided on the drive shaft adjacent to the driven shaft so as to be vertically slidable. When the drive shaft is rotated by the rotational drive source, the pivoted shaft is transmitted and rotated via the meshing transmission gear and the transmission gear, and the horizontal rotary table is rotated.
[0005]
The transmission gear provided on the drive shaft is moved up and down along the drive shaft so that the transmission gear and the transmission gear mesh with each other, and the gear ratio is changed by switching the gear ratio between the meshing gears. Yes.
[0006]
Conventionally, a direct-acting hydraulic cylinder device has to be used as a gear up-and-down drive device that moves the transmission gear up and down during such a shift.
[0007]
In other words, the gear used for the speed conversion device of the rotary table in a large vertical lathe is large, heavy, and vertically movable. However, it was not possible to save resources.
[0008]
The present invention, for example, in a rotational speed conversion device for a horizontal rotary table in a large vertical lathe, can move a replacement gear for large speed conversion up and down without being able to produce a large driving force, and there is a risk of falling. It is possible to design a structure that can easily prevent this, so it is possible to adopt an air cylinder device as a drive device that moves this gear up and down, making it possible to reduce hydraulic pressure, and to make a revolutionary speed conversion that can save resources The object is to provide a device.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The gist of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0010]
A plurality of transmission gears 2 having different numbers of teeth are provided in the vertical direction of the driven shaft 1, and a plurality of transmission gears 4 having different numbers of teeth are provided in the vertical direction of the drive shaft 3 provided in parallel with the driven shaft 1. A gear up / down drive mechanism 5 for engaging the one transmission gear 2 and the one transmission gear 4 by moving the position of the gear 2 or the transmission gear 4 up and down is provided. In the speed conversion device that changes the rotation speed of the driven shaft 1 by switching the gear ratio of the gear 4, the drive device 6 of the gear vertical drive mechanism 5 and a pair of drive movements that move forward and backward in the horizontal direction by the drive device 6. The portion 9 is installed on a gear box provided with the transmission gear 2 and the transmission gear 4, and each drive moving portion 9 is provided with a guide inclined surface 8 inclined with respect to the horizontal, so that the transmission gear 2 or the transmission Gear 4 is driven shaft 1 or It provided the stop state around and is freely slide up and down direction with respect to the drive shaft 3, moves vertically rotatable via the vertically slidable in the shift gear 2 or the transmission gear 4 and the bearing is provided erected a引動shaft portion 11A of the vertical movement section 11 to the mounting portion 11 B was integrated with the upper end portion of the引動shaft portion 11A is installed the drive device 6 and the pair of driving moving part 9 It protrudes from the upper surface of the gear box, and comes into abutment with the guide inclined surface 8 of the pair of drive moving portions 9 that is guided by a guide portion provided on the upper surface of the gear box at the protruding upper end portion of the pulling shaft portion 11A. A guide contact portion 10 employing a roller is provided in an opposing state, and at least the forward / backward rod 7 of the drive device 6 of the gear up / down drive mechanism 5 is driven forward or backward to move the pair of drive moving portions 9 to the gear box. When driven and moved along the upper surface in the horizontal direction, the pair of guide abutting portions 10 move along the guide inclined surface 8 relative to the guide inclined surface 8 provided on the drive moving portion 9. Ascending, the guide contact portion 10 moves upward, and the upward movement of the guide contact portion 10 causes the pulling shaft portion 11A as the vertical motion portion 11 provided with the guide contact portion 10 to move upward. the drive by the movement of the inclined guide surface 8 by the movement of the moving part 9 the guide abutment 10 via pulling said引動shaft portion 11A moves to the mounting portion 11 B is on the dynamic pre Symbol transmission gear 2 or The gear up / down drive mechanism 5 is configured such that the transmission gear 4 is lifted and slid with the driven shaft 1 or the drive shaft 3 in a non-rotating state, and at least on the upper side of the guide inclined surface 8, the guide Guided by the inclined surface 8 and moves upward, the transmission gear 2 and the A guide horizontal plane 12 that horizontally supports the guide contact portion 10 that has moved up to a position where the guide gear 4 meshes with the guide gear 4 is connected to the guide horizontal plane 12 that is connected to the upper side of the guide inclined surface 8. The guide contact portion 10 that has been guided by the inclined surface 8 and moved up to the position where the transmission gear 2 and the transmission gear 4 are engaged with each other is returned to the guide inclined surface 8 to be prevented from moving downward. On the other hand, a reverse gradient 13 that is inclined or an engagement recess 13 ′ that engages with the guide contact portion 10 is provided, and the drive device 6 of the gear vertical drive mechanism 5 is not a hydraulic cylinder device but an air cylinder device. The present invention relates to a speed converter characterized by being configured.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention (how to carry out the invention) considered to be suitable will be briefly described with reference to the drawings, showing its effects.
[0012]
For example, when a plurality of transmission gears 4 provided on the drive shaft 3 side are designed to move up and down all at once along the drive shaft 3 for speed conversion, the drive device 6 of the gear vertical drive device 5 is operated. For example, when the driving / moving portion 9 is driven forward or backward through the advancing / retracting rod 7 and the guide inclined surface 8 of the driving / moving portion 9 is driven and moved in the substantially horizontal direction, the guide moving surface 9 is in contact with the guide inclined surface 8. The guide contact portion 10 climbs up the guide inclined surface 8 relatively, the guide contact portion 10 rises, and the transmission gear 4 rises when the vertical movement portion 11 provided with the guide contact portion 10 rises. .
[0013]
On the contrary, the guide abutting portion 11 moves the guide inclined surface 8 down the transmission gear by the weight of the transmission gear 4 or the vertical movement portion 11 by driving the guide inclined surface 8 in the reverse direction or stopping the driving to make it free. 4 will move down.
[0014]
In this way, by driving the drive moving unit 9 forward and backward by the drive device 6 (the drive moving unit 9 may be driven only in one direction or may be driven in both directions), the guide inclined surface 8 is moved by the movement of the drive moving unit 9. The guide abutting portion 10 is guided and moved up and down by this movement, whereby the transmission gear 4 moves up and down through the up-and-down moving portion 11 provided with the guide abutting portion 10.
[0015]
Therefore, the gear ratio between the meshing transmission gear 4 and the transmission gear 2 is switched by switching the one transmission gear 4 to the single transmission gear 2 by the vertical movement of the transmission gear 4, thereby switching the driven shaft 1. The rotational speed of the gear shifts.
[0016]
Accordingly, even if the transmission gear 4 having a heavy weight is driven in the vertical direction to change the speed, the transmission gear 4 is not directly driven in the vertical direction but is driven by the drive movement having the guide inclined surface 8. The portion 9 is moved in a substantially horizontal direction by the advance / retreat of the advance / retreat rod 7 by the driving device 6, and the transmission gear 4 is moved upward via the guide contact portion 10 and the vertical movement portion 11 by the guide inclined surface 8. For example, by making the inclination of the guide inclined surface 8 gentle (for example, 45 ° or less), the forward / backward stroke of the driven shaft 1 becomes longer, but a large driving force is not required. It can be configured with a cylinder device, reducing hydraulic pressure and saving resources.
[0017]
Further, simply by providing a guide horizontal plane 12 continuously on the upper side of the inclined guide surface 8, or by providing a reverse slope 13 or an engagement recess 13 'and a reverse slope 13 with which the guide contact portion 10 is engaged, Since the position where the gear 4 is moved up can be easily supported by the guide horizontal plane 12, the reverse gradient 13, or the engaging recess 13 ', or it can be prevented from moving downward, even if it has a simple configuration, even if a power failure occurs Even if the supply of hydraulic pressure or pneumatic pressure drops due to the above, it is possible to prevent the fall, and it is possible to easily realize a revolutionary speed converter with a safety measure that can prevent the fall reliably with a simple configuration.
[0018]
【Example】
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0019]
In the present embodiment, the present invention is applied to a speed conversion device provided on a horizontal rotary table on which a workpiece on a large vertical lathe is installed as follows.
[0020]
In other words, in this embodiment, the transmission rotary shaft that is linked to the rotary shaft of the horizontal rotary table 14 is the driven shaft 1, and the driven shaft 1 arranged in this standing state has two types of teeth with different numbers of teeth in the vertical direction. A configuration in which a transmission gear is provided, and the driven shaft 3 adjacent to the driven shaft 1 is provided so as to slide integrally in the vertical direction with two types of transmission teeth having different numbers of teeth being prevented from rotating. When the drive shaft 3 is rotated by the rotational drive source, the pivoted shaft 1 is transmitted and rotated through the meshing transmission gear 4 and the transmission gear 2, and the horizontal rotary table is rotated.
[0021]
In this embodiment, the shaft is not moved, and the transmission gear 4 slidably provided on the drive shaft 3 is moved up and down along the drive shaft 3 to switch between the transmission gear 4 and the transmission gear 2, respectively. The gear is configured to change gears by switching the gear ratio.
[0022]
In other words, in this embodiment, two sets of the transmission gear 2 and the transmission gear 4 are used, and the gear ratio between the transmission gear 4 and the transmission gear 4 that meshes when the two transmission gears 4 are moved down simultaneously. The transmission gear 2 that meshes when the two reaching gears 4 are moved up at the same time and the transmission gear 4 are configured so that the gear ratio is different so that the speed can be changed to two speeds. ing. In other words, the transmission gear 4 and the transmission gear 4 are engaged with each other and can be changed to two speeds depending on whether the engagement is performed at the lower movement position or the engagement at the upper movement position.
[0023]
In this embodiment, in such a speed conversion device, the drive device 6 (air cylinder device) of the gear vertical drive mechanism 5 is installed on a gear box provided with the gears 2, 4. The forward / backward rod 7 is configured so that the forward / backward drive is controlled in the horizontal direction, and a driving / moving portion 9 having a guide inclined surface 8 (a guide surface inclined relative to the horizontal direction) that moves in the substantially horizontal direction by the forward / backward rod 7. A guide abutting portion 10 for guiding and abutting against the guide inclined surface 8 is provided at an upper end portion of the vertically moving portion 11 for moving the transmission gear 4 up and down, and the advancing and retracting rod 7 of the driving device 6 is driven in the forward direction. Then, the guide inclined surface 8 of the drive moving portion 9 is driven forward in a substantially horizontal direction, and the guide abutting portion 10 is moved up along the guide inclined surface 8 while being guided by the moving guide inclined surface 8. In this guide contact part 10 Is moved upward vertical movement unit 11 provided constituting said gear vertical drive mechanism 5 so as to move upward the transmission gear 4.
[0024]
More specifically, a transmission gear 4 having two different sizes of teeth integrated with each other is provided in a non-rotating state so as to be slidable in the vertical direction with respect to the drive shaft 3, and the two upper and lower transmission gears 4 and further a bearing. A pulling shaft portion 11A as the vertical movement portion 11 is erected on the mounting portion 11B integrated with respect to the vertical movement, and the driving device 6 (air cylinder device) is installed at the upper end portion of the pulling shaft portion 11A. The guide contact protrudes from the upper surface of the gear box and is guided by the guide portion provided on the upper surface of the gear box at the upper end of the protrusion, and guides and comes into contact with the guide inclined surface 8 of the drive moving portion 9 that moves horizontally along the upper surface of the gear box. A contact portion 10 is provided.
[0025]
Specifically, the drive moving part 9 is provided with guide inclined surfaces 8 on the left and right of the moving direction with respect to the center, and the pulling shaft part 11A protrudes upward from the center of the drive moving part 9, Guide abutting portions 10 employing rollers are provided on the left and right sides of the upper end of the protrusion, and the roller-like left and right guide abutting portions 10 are configured to be in contact with the left and right guide inclined surfaces 8 respectively.
[0026]
Accordingly, when the forward / backward rod 7 of the drive device 6 of the gear vertical drive mechanism 5 is driven forward to drive the drive movement unit 9, the guide inclined surface 8 provided on the upper surface of the drive movement unit 9 is moved to the guide inclined surface 8. On the other hand, the guide contact portion 10 rises while rolling along the guide inclined surface 8, and the guide contact portion 10 moves upward by pushing up the guide inclined surface 8. The up-and-down moving portion 11 (the pulling shaft portion 11A and the mounting portion 11B) provided with the guide contact portion 10 is moved upward by the upward movement, and the guide inclined surface 8 is moved by the movement of the drive moving portion 9. The gear vertical drive mechanism 5 is moved so that the pulling shaft 11A and the mounting portion 11B are lifted and moved through the guide contact portion 10 and the two transmission gears 4 are lifted and slid with the drive shaft 3 in a non-rotating state. It is composed.
[0027]
Further, in this embodiment, the guide abutment is moved upwardly to the position where the transmission gear 4 and the transmission gear 4 mesh with each other on the upper side of the guide inclined surface 8. A guide horizontal plane 12 that horizontally supports the contact portion 10 is connected, and a guide horizontal plane 12 that is connected to the upper side of the guide inclined surface 8 has a reverse slope 13 that is inclined opposite to the inclination of the guide inclined surface 8. When the joint recess 13 ′ is provided and moved upward, the guide contact portion 10 is engaged with the engagement recess 13 ′, and the guide contact portion 10 is supported and held by the guide horizontal plane 12, and the engagement recess 13 ′. The reverse gradient 13 is held and held so that the transmission gear 4 is moved upward and the upward movement position where one transmission gear 4 and one transmission gear 2 are engaged is securely held.
[0028]
That is, in this embodiment, in the embodiment in which the speed is changed to two speeds, when the transmission gear 4 is moved up and when it is moved down, the transmission gear 4 and the transmission gear 2 are engaged with each other. The middle is a moving range, a guide horizontal plane 12 is provided on the upper side of the guide inclined surface 8 corresponding to this movement range, a guide horizontal plane 12 ′ is also provided on the lower side, and the guide abutting portion 10 is provided at the meshing position. Is not necessarily in the middle of the guide inclined surface 8, but is always supported on a horizontal plane.
[0029]
Accordingly, even in the upwardly moved position, it is supported on the guide horizontal plane 12 as described above (because the guide abutment portion 10 is not in the middle of the guide inclined surface 8). Since it does not fall down, the upward movement of the transmission gear 4 can be reliably held.
[0030]
Therefore, if the guide inclined surface 8 has a gentle inclination of 45 ° or less, for example, even in the air cylinder device, the guide contact portion 10 is guided by the drive movement of the guide inclined surface 8 by the drive moving portion 9. In a state where the transmission gear 4 can be lifted to lift the transmission gear 4 and the transmission gear 4 and the transmission gear 2 mesh with each other in the upward movement position, the guide contact portion 10 is supported by the guide horizontal plane 12 that has finished climbing the guide inclined surface 8. Thus, there is no possibility that the transmission gear 4 will fall due to return movement, and even if the rising gear is heavy, it can be lifted by the air cylinder device, and can be supported and held securely.
[0031]
Further, in this embodiment, since the engaging recess 13 ′ having the reverse slope 13 (only the reverse slope 13 may be provided) is provided on the guide horizontal plane 12, the return movement is more reliably prevented and the fall is prevented. It can be done reliably.
[0032]
In addition, if the engagement recess 13 'is provided, the meshing state can be positioned and maintained, so that the drive control is facilitated and stable rotation transmission can be performed, resulting in a more excellent speed conversion device.
[0033]
Further, in this embodiment, the two-speed shift is adopted, but when the gear is shifted to several stages, a plurality of guide inclined surfaces 8 are provided in series, and the guide horizontal plane 12 is provided at the meshing position therebetween.
[0034]
Further, since the guide contact portion 10 is in contact with the guide inclined surfaces 8 provided on the left and right sides, this vertical movement can be performed stably, and the guide contact portion 10 is formed in a roller shape so as to be freely rotatable. Since it is provided, there is little friction, the start can be performed smoothly, and a smoother vertical movement can be performed with the air cylinder device.
[0035]
Note that the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and the specific configuration of each component can be designed as appropriate.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention is configured as described above, for example, in a rotation speed conversion device for a horizontal rotary table in a large vertical lathe, a gear for replacement for large speed conversion can be moved up and down without generating a large driving force. It is possible to design a structure that can move and easily prevent the risk of dropping, so that it is possible to adopt an air cylinder device as a drive device that moves this gear up and down, it can be hydraulicless, and it can save resources It becomes an epoch-making speed conversion device.
[0037]
Further, in the present invention, it is a speed converter excellent in practicality that can be easily realized with a simple configuration, and the upward movement position in the rotational drive state (meshing state) is supported and held by the guide horizontal plane. Even if the drive is dropped due to a power failure, it does not move down (falls), and it is an epoch-making speed conversion device that is extremely simple and excellent in safety.
[0038]
Further, in the present invention, since the engaging recess having a reverse slope (only the reverse slope may be provided) is provided, the return downward movement is more reliably prevented and the fall prevention can be prevented more reliably. If it is provided, the meshing state can be positioned and maintained, so that the drive control is facilitated and a very revolutionary speed conversion device capable of performing stable rotation transmission.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a large vertical lathe to which the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory perspective view of a main part of the present embodiment.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory sectional view of a main part of the present embodiment.
4 is an explanatory cross-sectional view in a state where the transmission gear is moved up from the state of FIG.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged explanatory sectional view in the radial direction of the transmission gear in FIG. 3 of the present embodiment.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged explanatory view showing that the guide contact portion is supported and locked when the transmission gear of the present embodiment is moved upward, and the upward movement position is supported and held.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Driven shaft 2 Transmission gear 3 Drive shaft 4 Transmission gear 5 Gear vertical drive mechanism 6 Drive device 7 Advance / retreat rod 8 Guide inclined surface 9 Drive moving part
10 Guide contact part
11 Vertical movement
11A Pulling shaft
11 B mounting part
12 Guide horizontal plane
13 Reverse slope
13 'engagement recess

Claims

A plurality of transmission gears having different numbers of teeth are provided in the vertical direction of the driven shaft, and a plurality of transmission gears having different numbers of teeth are provided in the vertical direction of the drive shaft arranged in parallel with the driven shaft. A gear vertical drive mechanism for moving the position up and down to mesh the one transmission gear and the one transmission gear is provided, and the driven shaft is switched by changing the gear ratio between the transmission gear and the transmission gear. In the speed conversion device for shifting the rotational speed of the gear, a drive device for the gear vertical drive mechanism and a pair of drive moving portions that move forward and backward in the horizontal direction by the drive device are arranged on a gear box provided with the transmission gear and the transmission gear. Each drive moving portion is provided with a guide inclined surface that is inclined with respect to the horizontal so that the transmission gear or the transmission gear is slidable in the vertical direction with respect to the driven shaft or the driving shaft. Provided Ritome state,引動axis as vertical movement part to a mounting portion which is integrated with vertical movement in the rotatable via the said transmission gear vertically disposed slidably or the transmission gear and the bearing part erected to protrude the upper end of the引動shaft portion to the gearbox top surface installed the drive device and the pair of driving the moving portion, provided in the gearbox top the projecting upper end portion of the引動shaft portion A guide abutting portion that employs a roller that guides and abuts against the guide inclined surface of the pair of drive moving portions guided and guided by the guide portion is provided in an opposing state, and at least a forward and backward rod of the driving device of the gear vertical drive mechanism Are driven forward or backward to move the pair of drive moving portions in the horizontal direction along the upper surface of the gear box, with respect to the guide inclined surface provided on the drive moving portion. The pair of guide contact portions ascend relatively along the inclined guide surface, the guide contact portion moves upward, and the guide contact portion is provided by the upward movement of the guide contact portion. The pulling shaft as the vertically moving portion moves upward, and the pulling shaft is lifted and moved through the guide contact portion by the movement of the guide inclined surface due to the movement of the drive moving portion, so that the mounting portion is moved upward. dynamic and constitute the gear vertical drive mechanism so that before Symbol transmission gear or the transmission gear to move while pulling the sliding of the detent state to the driven shaft or the drive shaft, at least on the upper side of the guide inclined surfaces, A guide horizontal plane that horizontally supports the guide abutting portion that is guided by the guide inclined surface and moves up to the position where the transmission gear and the transmission gear mesh with each other is provided, and an upper portion of the guide inclined surface is provided. On the horizontal guide plane The guide abutting portion that is guided by the guide inclined surface and moves up to the position where the transmission gear and the transmission gear mesh with each other is opposite to the inclination of the guide inclined surface that is returned and stopped. The speed is characterized in that an inclined recess or an engaging concave portion that engages with the guide contact portion is provided, and the drive device of the gear vertical drive mechanism is configured as an air cylinder device instead of a hydraulic cylinder device. Conversion device.