JP2005061430A

JP2005061430A - Speed conversion device

Info

Publication number: JP2005061430A
Application number: JP2003207185A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Takio Nakamura; 多喜夫中村; Tatsuo Shimizu; 達雄清水; Akihiro Goto; 昭博後藤; Takashi Ueda; 孝植田
Original assignee: OM Ltd
Current assignee: OM Ltd
Priority date: 2003-08-11
Filing date: 2003-08-11
Publication date: 2005-03-10
Anticipated expiration: 2023-08-11
Also published as: JP3962364B2

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an epoch-making speed conversion device capable of omitting hydraulic pressure by adopting an air cylinder as a drive device for moving up and down a gear wheel and saving resources. <P>SOLUTION: A guide inclined plane 8 is arranged on a drive transfer section which is moving back and forth to an approximately horizontal direction by means of a drive unit 6 of a gear wheel moving up and down drive mechanism 5, a guide contact section 10 guiding and bringing into contact with the guide inclined plane is arranged on a moving up and down section 11 for making a speed change gear wheel or a transmitting gear wheel 4 move up and down, and the guide inclined plane of the drive transfer section is moved back and forth to an approximately horizontal direction by means of the drive unit. The guide contact section moves up and down while moving along the moving guide slanted plane, and the gear wheel moving-up and down drive mechanism is provided so that the moving up and down section having the guide contact section is moved up and down and the speed change gear wheel or the transmitting gear wheel is moved up and down. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、速度変換装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】
歯車の架け替えを自動で行い噛合する歯車の歯数比を変えて回転速度を変速させる速度変換装置において、歯車を上下移動させて歯車の架け替えを行なう歯車上下駆動機構には、一般的に直動式の油圧シリンダ装置が用いられ、また停電等で油圧源が落ちた場合に歯車の落下を防止するため、油圧回路上にシャットオフバルブを設けたり、スプリングにより自重を保持する機構を設けたものが用いられている。
【０００３】
しかし、一方で省エネや省資源の観点から油圧レス化が望まれているが、重量の大きな歯車を特に上下方向に移動する方式のものにおいては、大きな引き上げ力を必要とするため、大きな駆動力の出せる油圧シリンダ装置を用いなければならず、また落下の危険性を防止しなければならないことからも空圧等によるエアシリング装置に置き換えることはできず、そのため油圧レス化できずに省エネ資源化が図れなかった。
【０００４】
例えば、縦型旋盤のワークを設置する水平回転テーブルに設ける速度変換装置は、水平回転テーブルの回転軸やこれと連動する伝達回転軸を被駆動軸とし、この立設状態に配される被駆動軸に上下方向に歯数の異なる複数の変速歯車を設け、またこの被駆動軸と隣接並設した駆動軸に歯数の異なる複数の伝達歯数を回り止め状態にして上下スライド自在に設けた構成とし、回転駆動源によって駆動軸を回転させると、噛合する伝達歯車と変速歯車を介して被回動軸が伝達回転し、水平回転テーブルが回転するように構成している。
【０００５】
そして、この駆動軸に設けた伝達歯車を駆動軸に沿って上下動させて噛合する伝達歯車と変速歯車を夫々切り替えてこの噛合する歯車の歯数比を切り替えることで変速するように構成している。
【０００６】
従来は、このような変速時に伝達歯車を上下動させる歯車上下駆動装置として直動式の油圧シリンダ装置を用いざるをえなかった。
【０００７】
即ち、大型の縦型旋盤における回転テーブルの速度変換装置に用いる歯車は大型で重量があり、しかも上下動式であるために、前述のように油圧シリンダ装置を用いざるをえなく、油圧レス化が図れず省資源化が図れなかった。
【０００８】
本発明は、例えば大型の縦型旋盤における水平回転テーブルの回転速度変換装置において、大きな駆動力を出せなくても大型の速度変換のための架け換え用の歯車を上下動でき、落下の危険性も容易に防止できる構造に設計可能で、そのためこの歯車を上下動させる駆動装置としてエアシリンダ装置を採用することが可能で油圧レス化でき、省資源化を図れる構造となる画期的な速度変換装置を提供することを目的としている。
【０００９】
【課題を解決するための手段】
添付図面を参照して本発明の要旨を説明する。
【００１０】
被駆動軸１の上下方向に異なる歯数の複数の変速歯車２を設け、この被駆動軸１と並設する駆動軸３の上下方向に異なる歯数の複数の伝達歯車４を設け、この変速歯車２若しくは伝達歯車４の位置を上下動させて前記一の変速歯車２と前記一の伝達歯車４とを歯合させる歯車上下駆動機構５を設けて、歯合する前記変速歯車２と前記伝達歯車４の歯数比を切り替えて被駆動軸１の回転速度を変速させる速度変換装置において、前記歯車上下駆動機構５の駆動装置６によって略水平方向に進退移動する駆動移動部９に案内傾斜面８を設け、前記変速歯車２若しくは前記伝達歯車４を上下動させる上下動部１１に前記案内傾斜面８に案内当接する案内当接部１０を設け、前記駆動装置６により前記駆動移動部９の案内傾斜面８を略水平方向に進退移動させることで、この移動する案内傾斜面８に沿いつつ前記案内当接部１０が上下方向に移動することでこの案内当接部１０を設けた上下動部１１を上下動させ前記変速歯車２若しくは前記伝達歯車４を上下動させるように前記歯車上下駆動機構５を構成したことを特徴とする速度変換装置に係るものである。
【００１１】
また、前記変速歯車２若しくは前記伝達歯車４を前記被駆動軸１若しくは前記駆動軸３に対して上下方向にスライド自在にして回り止め状態に設け、この上下方向にスライド自在に設けた前記変速歯車２若しくは前記伝達歯車４に前記上下動部１１としての引動軸部１１Ａを設け、この引動軸部１１Ａの上端部に前記駆動移動部９の案内傾斜面８に案内当接する前記案内当接部１０を設け、少なくとも前記歯車上下駆動機構５の駆動装置６の進退ロッド７を前進若しくは後退駆動して、前記駆動移動部９を駆動移動させたとき、この駆動移動部９の上面に設けた前記案内傾斜面８に対して相対的に前記案内当接部１０が案内傾斜面８に沿って登り上がり、この案内当接部１０が上動し、この案内当接部１０の上動によってこの案内当接部１０を設けた前記上下動部１１が上動して、前記駆動移動部９の移動による前記案内傾斜面８の移動により前記案内当接部１０を介して前記引動軸部１１Ａが引き上げ移動して前記変速歯車２若しくは前記伝達歯車４が前記被駆動軸１若しくは前記駆動軸３に回り止め状態のまま引き上げスライド移動するように前記歯車上下駆動機構５を構成したことを特徴とする請求項１記載の速度変換装置に係るものである。
【００１２】
また、被駆動軸１の上下方向に異なる歯数の複数の変速歯車２を設け、この被駆動軸１と並設する駆動軸３の上下方向に異なる歯数の複数の伝達歯車４を設け、この駆動軸３に設けた伝達歯車４の位置を上下動させさせて前記一の変速歯車２に前記一の伝達歯車４を切り替え歯合させる歯車上下駆動機構５を設けて、歯合する前記変速歯車２と前記伝達歯車４の歯数比を切り替えて被駆動軸１の回転速度を変速させる速度変換装置において、前記歯車上下駆動機構５の駆動装置６の進退ロッド７に、この進退ロッド７によって略水平方向に移動する案内傾斜面８を有する駆動移動部９を設け、前記伝達歯車４を上下動させる前記上下動部１１の上端部に前記案内傾斜面８に案内当接する案内当接部１０を設け、少なくとも前記駆動装置６の進退ロッド７を前進方向若しくは後退方向に駆動することで、前記駆動移動部９の案内傾斜面８を略水平方向に駆動移動させ、この移動する案内傾斜面８に案内され前記案内当接部１０が案内傾斜面８に沿いつつ上動することでこの案内当接部１０を設けた上下動部１１を上動させ前記伝達歯車４を上動させるように前記歯車上下駆動機構５を構成したことを特徴とする請求項１，２のいずれか１項に記載の速度変換装置に係るものである。
【００１３】
また、少なくとも前記案内傾斜面８の上部側に、この案内傾斜面８に案内されて上動し前記変速歯車２と前記伝達歯車４とが噛合する位置まで上動した前記案内当接部１０を水平支承する案内水平面１２を連設したことを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれか１項に記載の速度変換装置に係るものである。
【００１４】
また、少なくとも前記案内傾斜面８の上部側若しくはこの案内傾斜面８の上部側に連設した案内水平面１２に、この案内傾斜面８に案内されて上動し前記変速歯車２と前記伝達歯車４とが噛合する位置まで上動した前記案内当接部１０が、戻り下動止めされる前記案内傾斜面８の傾斜と逆に傾斜する逆勾配１３若しくは前記案内当接部１０が係合する係合凹部１３’を設けたことを特徴とする請求項１〜３記載の速度変換装置に係るものである。
【００１５】
また、前記歯車上下駆動機構５の駆動装置６は、油圧シリンダ装置ではなくエアシリンダ装置として構成したことを特徴とする請求項１〜５のいずれか１項に記載の速度変換装置に係るものである。
【００１６】
【発明の実施の形態】
好適と考える本発明の実施の形態（発明をどのように実施するか）を、図面に基づいてその作用効果を示して簡単に説明する。
【００１７】
速度変換のために例えば駆動軸３側に設けた複数の伝達歯車４を一斉に駆動軸３に沿って上下動させる構造に設計した場合は、歯車上下駆動装置５の駆動装置６を作動させて例えば進退ロッド７を介して駆動移動部９を前進駆動若しくは後退駆動させて、この駆動移動部９の案内傾斜面８を略水平方向に駆動移動させると、この案内傾斜面８に当接している案内当接部１０がこの案内傾斜面８を相対的に登り上がり案内当接部１０は上昇し、この案内当接部１０を設けた上下動部１１が上昇することで伝達歯車４は上昇する。
【００１８】
逆に案内傾斜面８を逆方向に駆動移動するか駆動を停止してフリーにすることで例えば伝達歯車４や上下動部１１の自重によって案内当接部１１は案内傾斜面８を下り伝達歯車４は下動することとなる。
【００１９】
このように駆動装置６により駆動移動部９を進退駆動することで（一方向のみへの駆動としても良いし、双方向への駆動としても良い）、駆動移動部９の移動によって案内傾斜面８が移動することにより案内当接部１０はこれに案内されて上下動し、これにより案内当接部１０を設けた上下動部１１を介して伝達歯車４が上下動することになる。
【００２０】
従って、この伝達歯車４の上下動によって一の伝達歯車４を一の変速歯車２に切り替えて噛合させることで、噛合する伝達歯車４と変速歯車２との歯数比が切り替えられ被駆動軸１の回転速度が変速することとなる。
【００２１】
従って、このようにたとえ重量のある伝達歯車４を上下方向に駆動して変速する構成であっても、伝達歯車４を上下方向に直動駆動するのではなく、案内傾斜面８を有する駆動移動部９を駆動装置６による進退ロッド７の進退によって略水平方向に移動し、この案内傾斜面８によって案内当接部１０、上下動部１１を介して伝達歯車４を上動する構成のため、例えば案内傾斜面８の傾斜を緩やかにすることで（例えば４５°以下）、被駆動軸１の進退ストロークは長くなるが大きな駆動力を要しないため駆動装置６を油圧シリンダ装置でなくてもエアシリンダ装置で構成でき、油圧レス化が図られ、省資源化が図れる。
【００２２】
また、更に単にこの案内傾斜面８の上部側に案内水平面１２を連設したり、逆勾配１３若しくは案内当接部１０が係合する係合凹部１３’，逆勾配１３を設けることで、伝達歯車４を上動させた位置をこの案内水平面１２や逆勾配１３や係合凹部１３’で支承あるいは戻り下動止めしておくことが容易に実現できるため、簡易な構成でありながら、たとえ停電等によって油圧や空圧の供給が落ちても落下防止でき、簡易な構成で確実に落下防止が図れる安全対策の万全な画期的な速度変換装置を容易に実現可能な構成となる。
【００２３】
【実施例】
本発明の具体的な実施例について図面に基づいて説明する。
【００２４】
本実施例は、以下のような大型の縦型旋盤でのワークを設置する水平回転テーブルに設ける速度変換装置に本発明を適用したものである。
【００２５】
即ち、本実施例では、水平回転テーブル１４の回転軸と連動する伝達回転軸を被駆動軸１とし、この立設状態に配される被駆動軸１に上下方向に歯数の異なる二種類の変速歯車を設け、またこの被駆動軸１と隣接並設した駆動軸３に歯数の異なる二種類の伝達歯数を回り止め状態にして上下方向に一体となってスライドするように設けた構成とし、回転駆動源によって駆動軸３を回転させると、噛合する伝達歯車４と変速歯車２を介して被回動軸１が伝達回転し、水平回転テーブルが回転するように構成している。
【００２６】
そして、本実施例では軸は移動させずこの駆動軸３にスライド自在に設けた伝達歯車４を駆動軸３に沿って上下動させて噛合する伝達歯車４と変速歯車２を夫々切り替えてこの噛合する歯車の歯数比を切り替えることで変速するように構成している。
【００２７】
即ち、本実施例では、二組の変速歯車２と伝達歯車４とし、二つの伝達歯車４を一斉に下動したときに噛合する変速歯車２とこの一の伝達歯車４との歯数比と、二つの達歯車４を一斉に上動したときに噛合する変速歯車２とこの一の伝達歯車４との歯数比が異なるように構成して、二通りの速度に変速できるように構成している。言い換えれば、下動位置で噛合する場合と上動位置で噛合する場合とで、異なる変速歯車２と伝達歯車４とが噛合して二通りの速度に変更できるように構成している。
【００２８】
本実施例ではこのような速度変換装置において、前記歯車上下駆動機構５の駆動装置６（エアシリンダ装置）を前記歯車２，４を設けたギアボックス上に設置して、このエアシリンダ装置６の進退ロッド７が水平方向に進退駆動制御されるように構成し、この進退ロッド７によって略水平方向に移動する案内傾斜面８（水平方向に対して傾斜する案内面）を有する駆動移動部９を設け、前記伝達歯車４を上下動させる前記上下動部１１の上端部に前記案内傾斜面８に案内当接する案内当接部１０を設け、前記駆動装置６の進退ロッド７を前進方向駆動することで、前記駆動移動部９の案内傾斜面８を略水平方向に駆動前進移動させ、この移動する案内傾斜面８に案内され前記案内当接部１０が案内傾斜面８に沿いつつ上動することでこの案内当接部１０を設けた上下動部１１を上動させ前記伝達歯車４を上動させるように前記歯車上下駆動機構５を構成している。
【００２９】
更に説明すると、異なる歯数の大小二つを一体とした伝達歯車４を駆動軸３に対して上下方向にスライド自在にして回り止め状態に設け、この上下二つの伝達歯車４と更にベアリングを介して上下動に対して一体化した取付部１１Ｂに前記上下動部１１としての引動軸部１１Ａを立設し、この引動軸部１１Ａの上端部を前記駆動装置６（エアシリンダ装置）を設置したギアボックス上面に突出し、この突出上端部にギアボックス上面に設けたガイド部に案内されてこのギアボックス上面に沿って水平に移動する駆動移動部９の案内傾斜面８に案内当接する前記案内当接部１０を設けている。
【００３０】
具体的には、前記駆動移動部９には中央を境に移動方向に対する左右に案内傾斜面８が設けられていて、前記引動軸部１１Ａはこの駆動移動部９の中央から上方へ突出し、この突出上端の左右にローラを採用した案内当接部１０を設け、このローラ状の左右の案内当接部１０が夫々左右の案内傾斜面８に案内当接するように構成している。
【００３１】
従って、前記歯車上下駆動機構５の駆動装置６の進退ロッド７を前進駆動して、前記駆動移動部９を駆動移動させたとき、この駆動移動部９の上面に設けた前記案内傾斜面８に対して相対的に前記案内当接部１０が案内傾斜面８に沿って転がりながら登り上がり、この案内傾斜面８の押し上げによってこの案内当接部１０が上動し、この案内当接部１０の上動によってこの案内当接部１０を設けた前記上下動部１１（引動軸部１１Ａ，取付部１１Ｂ）が上動して、前記駆動移動部９の移動による前記案内傾斜面８の移動により前記案内当接部１０を介して前記引動軸部１１Ａ，取付部１１Ｂが引き上げ移動して二つの伝達歯車４が駆動軸３に回り止め状態のまま引き上げスライド移動するように前記歯車上下駆動機構５を構成している。
【００３２】
また、本実施例では、前記案内傾斜面８の上部側に、この案内傾斜面８に案内されて上動し前記変速歯車２と前記伝達歯車４とが噛合する位置まで上動した前記案内当接部１０を水平支承する案内水平面１２を連設し、この案内傾斜面８の上部側に連設した案内水平面１２に、この案内傾斜面８の傾斜と逆に傾斜する逆勾配１３を有する係合凹部１３’を設け、上動したときこの係合凹部１３’に案内当接部１０が係合し、案内当接部１０が案内水平面１２に支承保持されると共に、この係合凹部１３’の逆勾配１３によって係止保持され、伝達歯車４が上動して一の伝達歯車４と一の変速歯車２とが噛合した上動位置が確実に保持されるように構成している。
【００３３】
即ち、本実施例では、二通りの速度に変速する実施例で、伝達歯車４を上動した時と、下動した時で、夫々別の伝達歯車４と変速歯車２とが噛合し、その中間は移動範囲となる構成とし、この移動範囲に対応する案内傾斜面８の上部側には案内水平面１２を設け、下部側にも案内水平面１２’を設け、噛合する位置では案内当接部１０は案内傾斜面８の途中になく必ず水平面で支承されるようにしている。
【００３４】
従って、上動した位置でも前述のように案内水平面１２で支承され（案内当接部１０は案内傾斜面８の途中にないため）、たとえ駆動装置６の駆動が切れても案内傾斜面８を下がり落ちることはないため、伝達歯車４の上動は確実に保持できることとなる。
【００３５】
従って、この案内傾斜面８を例えば４５°以下の緩やかな傾斜とすれば、エアシリンダ装置であっても、この駆動移動部９による案内傾斜面８の駆動移動によって、案内当接部１０は案内上昇して伝達歯車４を持ち上げることができ、上動位置で伝達歯車４と変速歯車２とが噛合する状態では、案内当接部１０は案内傾斜面８を登り終えた案内水平面１２に支承されることで戻り動して伝達歯車４が落下するおそれがなく、たとえ上昇する歯車が重くてもエアシリンダ装置でも上昇でき、且つ確実に支承保持できる。
【００３６】
また、更に本実施例では、この案内水平面１２に逆勾配１３を有する係合凹部１３’（逆勾配１３のみでも良い）を設けているため、一層確実に戻り下動が阻止され、落下防止を確実に行なえる。
【００３７】
しかも、係合凹部１３’を設ければ、噛合状態を位置決め保持できるため、駆動制御が容易となる上、安定した回転伝達が行なえ一層秀れた速度変換装置となる。
【００３８】
また、本実施例では二段変速としたが数段に変速する場合は、案内傾斜面８を複数連設し、その間の噛合位置に夫々案内水平面１２を設けることになる。
【００３９】
また、案内当接部１０は左右に設けた案内傾斜面８に夫々当接させたので、この上下動が安定して行なえ、しかも、案内当接部１０はローラ状とし、更に遊転自在に設けたから、摩擦が少なく、始動もスムーズに行なえ、一層スムーズな上下動をエアシリンダ装置で行なえる。
【００４０】
尚、本発明は、本実施例に限られるものではなく、各構成要件の具体的構成は適宜設計し得るものである。
【００４１】
【発明の効果】
本発明は上述のように構成したから、例えば大型の縦型旋盤における水平回転テーブルの回転速度変換装置において、大きな駆動力を出せなくても大型の速度変換のための架け換え用の歯車を上下動でき、落下の危険性も容易に防止できる構造に設計可能で、そのためこの歯車を上下動させる駆動装置としてエアシリンダ装置を採用することが可能で油圧レス化でき、省資源化を図れる構造となる画期的な速度変換装置となる。
【００４２】
また、請求項２，３記載の発明においては、一層簡易な構成で容易に実現できる実用性に秀れた速度変換装置となる。
【００４３】
また、請求項４記載の発明においては、回転駆動状態（噛合状態）での上動位置が案内水平面により支承保持されるため、たとえ停電で駆動が落ちても下動（落下）することがなく、極めて簡易な構成で安全性にも秀れる画期的な速度変換装置となる。
【００４４】
また、請求項５記載の発明においては、更に逆勾配を有する係合凹部（逆勾配のみでも良い）を設けているため、一層確実に戻り下動が阻止され、落下防止を確実に防止でき、係合凹部を設ければ、噛合状態を位置決め保持できるため、駆動制御が容易となる上、安定した回転伝達が行なえる極めて画期的な速度変換装置となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本実施例の本発明を適用した大型の縦型旋盤の斜視図である。
【図２】本実施例の要部の説明斜視図である。
【図３】本実施例の要部の説明断面図である。
【図４】本実施例の図３の状態から伝達歯車を上動させて高速に変速した状態での説明断面図である。
【図５】本実施例の図３における伝達歯車径方向での拡大説明断面図である。
【図６】本実施例の伝達歯車の上動時に案内当接部が支承係止されて上動位置が支承係止保持されることを示す拡大説明図である。
【符号の説明】
１被駆動軸
２変速歯車
３駆動軸
４伝達歯車
５歯車上下駆動機構
６駆動装置
７進退ロッド
８案内傾斜面
９駆動移動部
１０案内当接部
１１上下動部
１１Ａ引動軸部
１２案内水平面
１３逆勾配
１３’ 係合凹部[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a speed conversion device.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention]
In a speed conversion device that automatically changes gears and changes the gear ratio of the gears to be meshed to change the rotation speed, the gear vertical drive mechanism that moves the gears up and down to change the gears is generally used. A direct-acting hydraulic cylinder device is used, and a shut-off valve is provided on the hydraulic circuit or a mechanism to hold its own weight with a spring to prevent the gear from dropping if the hydraulic power source drops due to a power failure, etc. Is used.
[0003]
However, on the other hand, it is desired to reduce hydraulic pressure from the viewpoint of energy saving and resource saving. However, in the system that moves a heavy gear, especially in the vertical direction, a large driving force is required. Because it is necessary to use a hydraulic cylinder device that can be used and to prevent the risk of falling, it cannot be replaced with an air shilling device that uses pneumatic pressure, etc. Could not be planned.
[0004]
For example, a speed conversion device provided on a horizontal rotary table on which a vertical lathe work is installed has a rotary shaft of the horizontal rotary table or a transmission rotary shaft interlocked therewith as a driven shaft, and is driven in this standing state. A plurality of transmission gears having different numbers of teeth in the vertical direction are provided on the shaft, and a plurality of transmission teeth having different numbers of teeth are provided on the drive shaft adjacent to the driven shaft so as to be vertically slidable. When the drive shaft is rotated by the rotational drive source, the pivoted shaft is transmitted and rotated via the meshing transmission gear and the transmission gear, and the horizontal rotary table is rotated.
[0005]
The transmission gear provided on the drive shaft is moved up and down along the drive shaft to switch between the transmission gear and the transmission gear, and the gear ratio is changed by switching the gear ratio of the meshing gear. Yes.
[0006]
Conventionally, a direct-acting hydraulic cylinder device has to be used as a gear up-and-down drive device that moves the transmission gear up and down during such a shift.
[0007]
In other words, the gear used for the speed conversion device of the rotary table in a large vertical lathe is large, heavy, and vertically movable. However, it was not possible to save resources.
[0008]
The present invention, for example, in a rotational speed conversion device for a horizontal rotary table in a large vertical lathe, can move a replacement gear for large speed conversion up and down without being able to produce a large driving force, and there is a risk of falling. It is possible to design a structure that can easily prevent this, so it is possible to adopt an air cylinder device as a drive device that moves this gear up and down, making it possible to reduce hydraulic pressure, and to make a revolutionary speed conversion that can save resources The object is to provide a device.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The gist of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0010]
A plurality of transmission gears 2 having different numbers of teeth are provided in the vertical direction of the driven shaft 1, and a plurality of transmission gears 4 having different numbers of teeth are provided in the vertical direction of the drive shaft 3 provided in parallel with the driven shaft 1. A gear up / down drive mechanism 5 for engaging the one transmission gear 2 and the one transmission gear 4 by moving the position of the gear 2 or the transmission gear 4 up and down is provided. In a speed converter that changes the rotational speed of the driven shaft 1 by switching the gear ratio of the gear 4, a guide inclined surface is provided on the drive moving portion 9 that moves forward and backward in a substantially horizontal direction by the drive device 6 of the gear vertical drive mechanism 5. 8, a guide abutting portion 10 that guides and abuts the guide inclined surface 8 is provided in a vertically moving portion 11 that moves the transmission gear 2 or the transmission gear 4 up and down. Advancing and retracting the guide inclined surface 8 in a substantially horizontal direction By moving the guide contact portion 10 in the vertical direction while moving along the moving guide inclined surface 8, the vertical movement portion 11 provided with the guide contact portion 10 is moved up and down to move the speed change gear 2. Or, the gear up-and-down drive mechanism 5 is configured to move the transmission gear 4 up and down.
[0011]
Further, the transmission gear 2 or the transmission gear 4 is slidable in the vertical direction with respect to the driven shaft 1 or the driving shaft 3 and is provided in a non-rotating state, and the transmission gear provided so as to be slidable in the vertical direction. 2 or the transmission gear 4 is provided with a pulling shaft portion 11A as the vertical moving portion 11, and the guide abutting portion 10 is in contact with the guide inclined surface 8 of the drive moving portion 9 at the upper end portion of the pulling shaft portion 11A. When at least the forward / backward rod 7 of the drive device 6 of the gear up / down drive mechanism 5 is driven forward or backward to move the drive moving portion 9, the guide provided on the upper surface of the drive moving portion 9 is provided. The guide contact portion 10 rises along the guide inclined surface 8 relative to the inclined surface 8 and the guide contact portion 10 moves upward. Joint 10 The provided vertical movement portion 11 moves upward, and the pulling shaft portion 11A is lifted and moved through the guide abutting portion 10 by the movement of the guide inclined surface 8 by the movement of the drive moving portion 9, so that the speed change is performed. The speed according to claim 1, wherein the gear up-and-down drive mechanism (5) is configured such that the gear (2) or the transmission gear (4) is lifted and slid in the driven shaft (1) or the drive shaft (3) without being rotated. It concerns a conversion device.
[0012]
Further, a plurality of transmission gears 2 having different numbers of teeth are provided in the vertical direction of the driven shaft 1, and a plurality of transmission gears 4 having different numbers of teeth are provided in the vertical direction of the drive shaft 3 provided in parallel with the driven shaft 1. A gear up / down drive mechanism 5 for moving the position of the transmission gear 4 provided on the drive shaft 3 up and down to switch and mesh the one transmission gear 4 to the one transmission gear 2 is provided to mesh the gears. In a speed converter for changing the rotational speed of the driven shaft 1 by switching the gear ratio between the gear 2 and the transmission gear 4, the forward / backward rod 7 of the drive device 6 of the gear vertical drive mechanism 5 is moved by the forward / backward rod 7. A drive moving portion 9 having a guide inclined surface 8 that moves in a substantially horizontal direction is provided, and a guide contact portion 10 that guides and contacts the guide inclined surface 8 at an upper end portion of the vertical movement portion 11 that moves the transmission gear 4 up and down. At least the advance of the drive device 6 By driving the rod 7 in the forward or backward direction, the guide inclined surface 8 of the drive moving unit 9 is driven and moved in a substantially horizontal direction, and the guide contact portion 10 is guided by the moving guide inclined surface 8. The gear up-and-down drive mechanism 5 is configured to move up and down the moving part 11 provided with the guide contact part 10 by moving up along the guide inclined surface 8 and to move the transmission gear 4 up. The speed converter according to any one of claims 1 and 2 is characterized.
[0013]
Further, at least on the upper side of the guide inclined surface 8, the guide contact portion 10 that has been guided by the guide inclined surface 8 and moved upward to a position where the transmission gear 2 and the transmission gear 4 mesh with each other is moved. The speed converter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a guide horizontal plane 12 for horizontal support is provided continuously.
[0014]
Further, the transmission gear 2 and the transmission gear 4 are moved up by being guided by the guide inclined surface 8 at least on the guide horizontal surface 12 provided on the upper side of the guide inclined surface 8 or on the upper side of the guide inclined surface 8. The guide contact portion 10 that has moved up to a position where the guide contact portion 10 meshes with the guide contact portion 10 is engaged with the reverse gradient 13 that is inclined reversely to the inclination of the guide inclined surface 8 that is returned and stopped. The speed converter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a joint recess 13 'is provided.
[0015]
Further, the drive device 6 of the gear up-and-down drive mechanism 5 is configured as an air cylinder device instead of a hydraulic cylinder device, and relates to the speed conversion device according to any one of claims 1 to 5. is there.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention (how to carry out the invention) considered to be suitable will be briefly described with reference to the drawings, showing its effects.
[0017]
For example, when a plurality of transmission gears 4 provided on the drive shaft 3 side are designed to move up and down all at once along the drive shaft 3 for speed conversion, the drive device 6 of the gear vertical drive device 5 is operated. For example, when the driving / moving portion 9 is driven forward or backward through the advancing / retracting rod 7 and the guide inclined surface 8 of the driving / moving portion 9 is driven and moved in the substantially horizontal direction, the guide moving surface 9 is in contact with the guide inclined surface 8. The guide contact portion 10 climbs up the guide inclined surface 8 relatively, the guide contact portion 10 rises, and the vertical movement portion 11 provided with the guide contact portion 10 rises to raise the transmission gear 4. .
[0018]
On the contrary, the guide abutting portion 11 moves the guide inclined surface 8 down the transmission gear by the weight of the transmission gear 4 or the vertical movement portion 11 by driving the guide inclined surface 8 in the opposite direction or stopping the driving to make it free. 4 will move down.
[0019]
In this way, by driving the drive moving unit 9 forward and backward by the drive device 6 (the drive moving unit 9 may be driven only in one direction or may be driven in both directions), the guide inclined surface 8 is moved by the movement of the drive moving unit 9. As a result, the guide contact portion 10 is guided and moved up and down, and the transmission gear 4 is moved up and down through the vertical movement portion 11 provided with the guide contact portion 10.
[0020]
Therefore, the gear ratio between the meshing transmission gear 4 and the transmission gear 2 is switched by switching the one transmission gear 4 to the single transmission gear 2 by the vertical movement of the transmission gear 4, thereby switching the driven shaft 1. The rotational speed of the gear shifts.
[0021]
Accordingly, even if the transmission gear 4 having a heavy weight is driven in the vertical direction to change the speed, the transmission gear 4 is not directly driven in the vertical direction but is driven by the drive movement having the guide inclined surface 8. Due to the structure in which the portion 9 is moved in a substantially horizontal direction by the advance / retreat of the advance / retreat rod 7 by the drive device 6, and the transmission gear 4 is moved upward via the guide contact portion 10 and the vertical movement portion 11 by the guide inclined surface 8. For example, by making the inclination of the guide inclined surface 8 gentle (for example, 45 ° or less), the forward / backward stroke of the driven shaft 1 becomes longer, but a large driving force is not required. It can be configured with a cylinder device, reducing hydraulic pressure and saving resources.
[0022]
Further, simply by providing a guide horizontal plane 12 continuously on the upper side of the guide inclined surface 8, or by providing a reverse gradient 13 or an engagement concave portion 13 'and a reverse gradient 13 with which the guide contact portion 10 is engaged, transmission is performed. Since it is possible to easily support the position where the gear 4 is moved upward by the guide horizontal plane 12, the reverse gradient 13, or the engaging recess 13 ', or to stop the movement downward, even if the power is cut off, Even if the supply of hydraulic pressure or pneumatic pressure drops due to the above, it is possible to prevent the fall, and it is possible to easily realize a revolutionary speed converter with a safety measure that can prevent the fall reliably with a simple configuration.
[0023]
【Example】
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0024]
In the present embodiment, the present invention is applied to a speed conversion device provided on a horizontal rotary table on which a workpiece on a large vertical lathe is installed as follows.
[0025]
That is, in this embodiment, the transmission rotating shaft that is linked to the rotating shaft of the horizontal rotating table 14 is the driven shaft 1, and the driven shaft 1 arranged in this standing state has two types of teeth with different numbers of teeth in the vertical direction. A configuration in which a transmission gear is provided, and the driven shaft 3 adjacent to the driven shaft 1 is provided so as to slide integrally in the vertical direction with two types of transmission teeth having different numbers of teeth being prevented from rotating. When the drive shaft 3 is rotated by the rotational drive source, the pivoted shaft 1 is transmitted and rotated through the meshing transmission gear 4 and the transmission gear 2, and the horizontal rotary table is rotated.
[0026]
In this embodiment, the shaft is not moved, and the transmission gear 4 slidably provided on the drive shaft 3 is moved up and down along the drive shaft 3 to switch between the transmission gear 4 and the transmission gear 2, respectively. The gear is configured to change gears by switching the gear ratio.
[0027]
In other words, in this embodiment, two sets of the transmission gear 2 and the transmission gear 4 are used, and the gear ratio between the transmission gear 4 and the transmission gear 4 that meshes when the two transmission gears 4 are moved down simultaneously. The transmission gear 2 that meshes when the two reaching gears 4 are moved up at the same time and the transmission gear 4 are configured so that the gear ratio is different so that the speed can be changed to two speeds. ing. In other words, the transmission gear 4 and the transmission gear 4 are engaged with each other and can be changed to two speeds depending on whether the engagement is performed at the lower movement position or the engagement at the upper movement position.
[0028]
In this embodiment, in such a speed conversion device, the drive device 6 (air cylinder device) of the gear vertical drive mechanism 5 is installed on a gear box provided with the gears 2, 4. The forward / backward rod 7 is configured so that the forward / backward drive is controlled in the horizontal direction, and a driving / moving portion 9 having a guide inclined surface 8 (a guide surface inclined relative to the horizontal direction) that moves in the substantially horizontal direction by the forward / backward rod 7. A guide abutting portion 10 for guiding and abutting against the guide inclined surface 8 is provided at an upper end portion of the vertically moving portion 11 for moving the transmission gear 4 up and down, and the advancing and retracting rod 7 of the driving device 6 is driven in the forward direction. Then, the guide inclined surface 8 of the drive moving portion 9 is driven forward in a substantially horizontal direction, and the guide abutting portion 10 is moved up along the guide inclined surface 8 while being guided by the moving guide inclined surface 8. In this guide The vertical movement unit 11 provided with the contact portion 10 is moved upward to constitute the gear vertical drive mechanism 5 so as to move upward the transmission gear 4.
[0029]
More specifically, a transmission gear 4 having two different sizes of teeth integrated with each other is provided in a non-rotating state so as to be slidable in the vertical direction with respect to the drive shaft 3, and the two upper and lower transmission gears 4 and further a bearing. A pulling shaft portion 11A as the vertical movement portion 11 is erected on the mounting portion 11B integrated with respect to the vertical movement, and the driving device 6 (air cylinder device) is installed at the upper end portion of the pulling shaft portion 11A. The guide contact protrudes from the upper surface of the gear box and is guided by the guide portion provided on the upper surface of the gear box at the upper end of the protrusion, and guides and comes into contact with the guide inclined surface 8 of the drive moving portion 9 that moves horizontally along the upper surface of the gear box. A contact portion 10 is provided.
[0030]
Specifically, the drive moving unit 9 is provided with guide inclined surfaces 8 on the left and right of the moving direction with respect to the center, and the pulling shaft part 11A protrudes upward from the center of the drive moving unit 9, Guide contact portions 10 employing rollers are provided on the left and right sides of the projecting upper end, and the roller-like left and right guide contact portions 10 are configured to be in contact with the left and right guide inclined surfaces 8 respectively.
[0031]
Accordingly, when the forward / backward rod 7 of the drive device 6 of the gear vertical drive mechanism 5 is driven forward to drive the drive movement unit 9, the guide inclined surface 8 provided on the upper surface of the drive movement unit 9 is moved to the guide inclined surface 8. On the other hand, the guide contact portion 10 rises while rolling along the guide inclined surface 8 relatively, and the guide contact portion 10 moves upward by pushing up the guide inclined surface 8. The up-and-down moving portion 11 (the pulling shaft portion 11A and the mounting portion 11B) provided with the guide contact portion 10 is moved upward by the upward movement, and the guide inclined surface 8 is moved by the movement of the drive moving portion 9. The gear up-and-down drive mechanism 5 is moved so that the pulling shaft portion 11A and the attachment portion 11B are lifted and moved through the guide abutting portion 10 and the two transmission gears 4 are lifted and slid to the drive shaft 3 while being prevented from rotating. It is composed.
[0032]
Further, in this embodiment, the guide abutment is moved upwardly to the position where the transmission gear 4 and the transmission gear 4 mesh with each other on the upper side of the guide inclined surface 8. A guide horizontal plane 12 that horizontally supports the contact portion 10 is connected, and the guide horizontal plane 12 connected to the upper side of the guide inclined surface 8 has a reverse gradient 13 that is inclined opposite to the inclination of the guide inclined surface 8. When the joint recess 13 ′ is provided and moved upward, the guide contact portion 10 is engaged with the engagement recess 13 ′, and the guide contact portion 10 is supported and held on the guide horizontal surface 12, and the engagement recess 13 ′. The reverse gradient 13 is held and held so that the transmission gear 4 is moved upward and the upward movement position where the transmission gear 4 and the transmission gear 2 are engaged with each other is securely held.
[0033]
That is, in this embodiment, in the embodiment in which the speed is changed to two speeds, when the transmission gear 4 is moved up and when it is moved down, the transmission gear 4 and the transmission gear 2 are engaged with each other. The middle is configured as a moving range, a guide horizontal plane 12 is provided on the upper side of the guide inclined surface 8 corresponding to this movement range, a guide horizontal plane 12 ′ is also provided on the lower side, and the guide abutting portion 10 is provided at the meshing position. Is not necessarily in the middle of the guide inclined surface 8, but is always supported on a horizontal plane.
[0034]
Therefore, even in the upwardly moved position, it is supported by the guide horizontal plane 12 as described above (because the guide contact portion 10 is not in the middle of the guide inclined surface 8). Since it does not fall down, the upward movement of the transmission gear 4 can be reliably held.
[0035]
Therefore, if the guide inclined surface 8 has a gentle inclination of 45 ° or less, for example, even in an air cylinder device, the guide contact portion 10 is guided by the drive movement of the guide inclined surface 8 by the drive moving portion 9. In a state where the transmission gear 4 can be lifted and lifted, and the transmission gear 4 and the transmission gear 2 mesh with each other in the upward movement position, the guide contact portion 10 is supported by the guide horizontal surface 12 that has finished climbing the guide inclined surface 8. Thus, there is no possibility that the transmission gear 4 will fall due to return movement, and even if the rising gear is heavy, it can be lifted by the air cylinder device, and can be supported and held securely.
[0036]
Further, in this embodiment, since the engaging recess 13 ′ having the reverse gradient 13 (only the reverse gradient 13 may be provided) is provided on the guide horizontal plane 12, the return movement is more reliably prevented and the fall is prevented. It can be done reliably.
[0037]
In addition, if the engagement recess 13 ′ is provided, the meshing state can be positioned and maintained, so that the drive control is facilitated and stable rotation transmission can be performed, resulting in a more excellent speed conversion device.
[0038]
Further, in this embodiment, the two-speed shift is adopted, but when shifting to several stages, a plurality of guide inclined surfaces 8 are provided in series, and the guide horizontal plane 12 is provided at the meshing position therebetween.
[0039]
Further, since the guide abutting portions 10 are respectively brought into contact with the guide inclined surfaces 8 provided on the left and right sides, this vertical movement can be performed stably, and the guide abutting portions 10 are formed in a roller shape so as to be freely rotatable. Since it is provided, there is little friction, the start can be performed smoothly, and a smoother vertical movement can be performed with the air cylinder device.
[0040]
Note that the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and the specific configuration of each component can be designed as appropriate.
[0041]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention is configured as described above, for example, in a rotation speed conversion device for a horizontal rotary table in a large vertical lathe, a gear for replacement for large speed conversion can be moved up and down without generating a large driving force. It is possible to design a structure that can move and easily prevent the risk of dropping, so that it is possible to adopt an air cylinder device as a drive device that moves this gear up and down, it can be hydraulicless, and it can save resources It becomes an epoch-making speed conversion device.
[0042]
In the inventions according to claims 2 and 3, the speed converter can be easily realized with a simpler configuration and has excellent practicality.
[0043]
Further, in the invention described in claim 4, since the upward movement position in the rotational drive state (meshing state) is supported and held by the guide horizontal plane, even if the drive falls due to a power failure, it does not move down (fall). This is an epoch-making speed converter that is extremely simple and excellent in safety.
[0044]
Further, in the invention according to claim 5, since the engagement concave portion having only a reverse gradient (only the reverse gradient may be used) is provided, the return movement is more reliably prevented and the fall prevention can be reliably prevented, If the engagement recess is provided, the meshing state can be positioned and maintained, so that the drive control is facilitated and a revolutionary speed converter capable of performing stable rotation transmission can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a large vertical lathe to which the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory perspective view of a main part of the present embodiment.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory sectional view of a main part of the present embodiment.
4 is an explanatory cross-sectional view in a state in which the transmission gear is moved up from the state of FIG.
5 is an enlarged explanatory sectional view in the radial direction of the transmission gear in FIG. 3 of the present embodiment.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged explanatory view showing that the guide contact portion is supported and locked and the upward movement position is supported and held when the transmission gear of the embodiment is moved up.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Driven shaft 2 Transmission gear 3 Drive shaft 4 Transmission gear 5 Gear up-down drive mechanism 6 Drive device 7 Advance / retreat rod 8 Guide inclined surface 9 Drive moving part 10 Guide contact part 11 Vertical movement part 11A Pulling shaft part 12 Guide horizontal plane 13 Reverse Gradient 13 'engagement recess

Claims

A plurality of transmission gears having different numbers of teeth are provided in the vertical direction of the driven shaft, and a plurality of transmission gears having different numbers of teeth are provided in the vertical direction of the drive shaft arranged in parallel with the driven shaft. A gear vertical drive mechanism for moving the position up and down to mesh the one transmission gear and the one transmission gear is provided, and the driven shaft is switched by changing the gear ratio between the transmission gear and the transmission gear. In the speed conversion device that changes the rotational speed of the gear, a vertical movement that moves the transmission gear or the transmission gear up and down by providing a guide inclined surface in a drive moving portion that moves forward and backward in a substantially horizontal direction by the drive device of the gear vertical drive mechanism. The guide abutting portion for guiding and abutting on the guide inclined surface is provided in the portion, and the guide inclined surface of the drive moving portion is moved forward and backward in the substantially horizontal direction by the driving device, and the guide inclined surface is moved along the moving guide inclined surface. The gear up-and-down drive mechanism is configured to move up and down the vertical movement part provided with the guide contact part by moving the inner contact part in the vertical direction to move the transmission gear or the transmission gear up and down. Characteristic speed converter.

The transmission gear or the transmission gear is slidable in the vertical direction with respect to the driven shaft or the drive shaft and is provided in a non-rotating state, and the transmission gear or the transmission gear provided in the vertical direction is slidable A pulling shaft as a vertically moving portion is provided, and a guide abutting portion for guiding and abutting on a guide inclined surface of the drive moving portion is provided at an upper end portion of the pulling shaft portion, and at least the drive device of the gear vertical drive mechanism is advanced and retracted When the rod is moved forward or backward to drive and move the drive moving portion, the guide contact portion is along the guide inclined surface relative to the guide inclined surface provided on the upper surface of the drive moving portion. The guide abutting part moves up, and the up-and-down moving part provided with the guide abutting part moves up by the upward movement of the guide abutting part. Inclined surface By moving, the pulling shaft portion is lifted and moved through the guide abutting portion, so that the transmission gear or the transmission gear is lifted and slid with the driven shaft or the driving shaft kept in a non-rotating state. The speed converter according to claim 1, wherein a drive mechanism is configured.

A plurality of transmission gears having different numbers of teeth are provided in the vertical direction of the driven shaft, and a plurality of transmission gears having different numbers of teeth are provided in the vertical direction of the drive shaft arranged in parallel with the driven shaft, and the transmission provided on the drive shaft is provided. A gear up / down drive mechanism for moving the position of the gear up and down to switch and mesh the one transmission gear with the one transmission gear is provided, and the gear ratio of the transmission gear and the transmission gear to be meshed is switched. In the speed conversion device for changing the rotational speed of the driven shaft, the forward / backward rod of the drive device of the gear vertical drive mechanism is provided with a drive moving portion having a guide inclined surface that moves in a substantially horizontal direction by the forward / backward rod. A guide abutting portion for guiding and abutting against the guide inclined surface is provided at an upper end portion of the vertical movement portion for moving the gear up and down, and at least the advance / retreat rod of the drive device is driven in the forward direction or the reverse direction, thereby driving The guide inclined surface of the moving portion is driven and moved in a substantially horizontal direction, and the guide contact portion is guided by the moving guide inclined surface and moves upward along the guide inclined surface. The speed converter according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the gear up-and-down drive mechanism is configured to move a moving part up and move the transmission gear up.

At least on the upper side of the guide inclined surface, a guide horizontal plane that horizontally supports the guide contact portion that has been guided by the guide inclined surface and moved up to a position where the transmission gear and the transmission gear mesh with each other is connected. The speed converter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the speed converter is provided.

At least on the upper side of the guide inclined surface or on the guide horizontal surface provided continuously to the upper side of the guide inclined surface, the guide is moved up by the guide inclined surface and moved up to a position where the transmission gear and the transmission gear mesh with each other. The guide abutting portion is provided with a reverse gradient inclined opposite to the inclination of the guide inclined surface to be returned and stopped, or an engaging concave portion engaged with the guide abutting portion. 1-3. The speed converter of 1-3.

The speed converter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a drive device of the gear vertical drive mechanism is configured as an air cylinder device instead of a hydraulic cylinder device.