JP3959426B2 - Biometric authentication device, terminal device, automatic transaction device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a biometric authentication apparatus for identifying a person using biometric information, for example, a fingerprint or a vein pattern, and a biometric information registration method. In particular, the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for presenting a living body to an authentication apparatus when biometric information is acquired a plurality of times by the authentication apparatus for use as a template for authentication.

  In the withdrawal of deposits at financial institutions and electronic commerce using the Internet, biometric authentication for identity verification is extremely important to prevent impersonation of others. As a general authentication method, authentication by inputting a card having a magnetic stripe and a personal identification number, or authentication by collating a signature on the back of the card with a signature at the time of product purchase is widely performed.

  However, security problems have been pointed out in such conventional personal authentication methods. In the case of a combination of a cash card having a magnetic stripe and a password input, if the magnetic information and the password are stolen by a third party, it becomes possible to easily withdraw a deposit. Alternatively, in the case of a signature, a third party may be promoted by imitating the signature.

  As a countermeasure, the introduction of an IC card instead of a card having a magnetic stripe has been proposed. The IC card is difficult to duplicate the card as compared with the magnetic stripe card, and can secure the safety that the internal information is not easily stolen. In addition, paying attention to the fact that the amount of information that can be stored inside the card can be dramatically increased, there are Patent Documents 1 and 2 as biometric authentication techniques by holding biometric information such as fingerprints and vein patterns in an IC card and collating them. .

JP 61-199162 A JP 10-312459 A

  According to the above-described background art, for example, when biometric information comes out from an authenticating device, it may be stolen and misused by a malicious third party. Personal authentication based on biometric information is more secure than authentication based on a personal identification number or signature, but has a negative aspect that it cannot be easily changed once it has been leaked. Therefore, a mechanism that prevents biometric information from leaking out in a form that can be easily used by a third party is particularly important. For this reason, when registering the biometric information acquired by the biometric authentication device in the IC card, it is effective to directly write the biometric information from the biometric authentication device to the IC card without going through the control computer. As a result, a malicious third party can prevent an attempt to steal registered biometric information by incorporating an illegal device into the control computer.

  On the other hand, when biometric information is stored in the IC card from the biometric authentication device without using a control computer, there is a negative aspect that it is difficult to check whether the biometric information is collected in an appropriate form. Normally, when registering biometric information as reference data for authentication, biometric information is acquired a plurality of times, and the average value thereof is used as registration information, or an appropriate one is selected and registered. And so on. By collecting biometric information a plurality of times, there is an effect that perturbation of biometric information that may occur at the time of authentication is appropriately taken into biometric information for registration, or inappropriate registration information is eliminated. Thereby, it can be expected to reduce the rejection rate and the acceptance rate of others at the time of authentication.

  For example, in the case of vein pattern registration in finger vein authentication, the operation of holding the finger over the sensor unit that collects the vein pattern and releasing it is performed a plurality of times. Usually, the collection of such patterns is performed in front of the administrator and proceeds according to the guidance of the administrator. However, in general, registrants are new to experiencing biometric authentication and are often unfamiliar with the handling of the device. Therefore, the operation of holding the finger multiple times and releasing it may not be performed, and the vein pattern may be collected multiple times by holding the finger over the sensor unit. In such a case, there is a problem that an appropriate registration pattern cannot be generated because the effect of sampling a plurality of times cannot be obtained. This problem becomes particularly apparent when biometric information is registered with an automatic transaction machine. That is, in the automatic transaction machine, since the manager is not in front of the user, it is difficult to visually check whether the registrant holds the finger after holding it appropriately multiple times.

  The present invention has been made to solve at least a part of the above problems. An object of the present invention is to confirm whether or not the biometric device is appropriately held over the authentication device a plurality of times when biometric information for registration is collected by the biometric authentication device.

  In particular, the present invention is a biometric authentication device for performing identity verification using personal biometric information, and extracts a biometric feature for performing authentication from the sensor that captures biometric information and the captured sensor information. A biometric feature quantity for registration is collected using a feature quantity extracting means, a living body presence / absence detecting means for detecting whether or not the living body is held over a sensor that takes in the biometric information, and a sensor output that takes in the biometric information. A biometric authentication device comprising: means for obtaining an output of the living body presence / absence detecting means to determine whether the living body is separated from a sensor that captures the biological information later; and It is a terminal device provided with an authentication device, and an automatic transaction device.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it becomes possible to detect whether it isolate | separated reliably after holding the biological body over the authentication apparatus using the biometric presence detection function incorporated in the biometric authentication apparatus at the time of registration of biometric information. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the biometric information for registration from being collected by holding the biometric body over the authentication device. In particular, the registration of biometric information using an automatic machine that is not in front of the administrator is more effective.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
In the present embodiment, a biometric information registration process using a biometric authentication device integrated with an IC card device will be described. Here, the biometric information is assumed to be a biometric feature that is effective for specifying an individual.

  In the biometric feature registration process, an encrypted biometric feature for personal authentication is registered in the IC card. A biometric authentication device with an IC card device is connected to the control computer used for registration, and biometric features for registration are encrypted and transferred directly from the biometric authentication device to the IC card without going through the control computer. Is done. Note that any medium may be used as long as it is a portable electronic medium such as an RFID tag as well as an IC card.

  FIG. 1 shows a configuration example of the entire system. Reference numeral 101 denotes a biometric authentication device, and reference numeral 102 denotes a sensor unit for holding a living body. Reference numeral 103 denotes an IC card device for writing biometric information on the IC card.

  The biometric feature amount registration process in the system of FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2, 3, 4, and 5. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the biometric authentication device 101 and the IC card device 103. A CPU 201 is a processor responsible for data processing of the apparatus, and controls various programs and data described later. The peripheral device I / O device 202 is an interface for connecting the biometric authentication device 101 and the control computer 104. Reference numeral 203 denotes a living body presence / absence detecting illumination LED for detecting whether or not the living body is held over the sensor unit 102. Reference numeral 204 denotes an illumination LED for acquiring a biological image. For example, in the case of finger vein authentication, a near infrared LED suitable for acquiring a finger vein pattern is used. The image sensor 205 is a sensor for acquiring a biological image, and includes a device such as a CCD, and acquires the reflected light of the finger irradiated by the LED 203 or the vein pattern of the finger irradiated by the LED 204. The IC card device 102 is a device for writing the encrypted biometric feature for registration into the IC card.

In the main storage device 208, various programs and data areas for operating the device are secured. The entire apparatus control program 209 is a program for controlling the entire authentication apparatus 101 including the control of the IC card apparatus 102. The peripheral device I / O control program 210 controls the peripheral device I / O device 202. The living body presence / absence detection program 211 is a program for detecting whether a living body is held over the sensor unit 103. The light emitted from the living body presence / absence detection LED 203 hits the living body, and the reflected light is captured by the image sensor 205 to detect the presence or absence of the living body. The authentication program 212 captures the biological information obtained by irradiating the living body with the light of the biometric authentication LED 204, and extracts the biometric feature amount by processing the biological image output from the image sensor 205. It is.
The encryption / decryption program 213 encrypts the biometric feature for registration generated by the authentication program 212 before writing it to the IC card. The IC card device control program 214 is a program for controlling the IC card device 102.

  Thus, the program has various functions, performs various processes, and is controlled by the hardware configuration of the CPU 201 as described above. In the present invention, the description will focus on programs, but various functions of these programs, such as control means, encryption means, authentication means, registration means, verification means, etc., needless to say, each means can be expressed as each part. Yes.

  The image buffer 215 is an area for storing biological image data (raw data) acquired by the image sensor 205. The biometric feature 216 is an area for storing a biometric feature generated by extracting only a vein pattern, for example, from the biometric image data stored in the image buffer 214 by the authentication program 212. The encrypted biometric feature 217 is an area for storing data obtained by encrypting the biometric feature 216 data by the encryption / decryption program 213. The data 217 (encrypted biometric feature) is stored as a biometric registration feature on the IC card via the IC card device 102. Even when the control computer 104 is connected and interposed between the IC card device 102 and the authentication device, the biometric feature amount in the encrypted state acquired by the authentication device is not stored in the window terminal 104 (not left). The IC card device 102 registers in the IC card. The encryption key 218 is key data required when the encryption / decryption program 213 encrypts or decrypts data. One of the characteristics is that the key data is acquired from the control computer 104 connected to the biometric authentication device via the peripheral I / O device. A bus 207 connects a processor and each device in the authentication apparatus.

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the sensor unit 102 in the biometric authentication device 101. Reference numeral 203 denotes a living body presence / absence detection illumination LED which irradiates light on a finger 302 as a living body and detects the presence / absence of the finger based on the intensity of reflected light. The reflected light is captured by the image sensor 205. Reference numeral 204 denotes an illumination LED for biometric authentication, which is illumination for irradiating the finger 302 with near-infrared light from the side surface and capturing the vein pattern inside the finger with the image sensor 205. Reference numeral 301 denotes a visible light cut filter.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the control computer 104. A CPU 401 is a processor responsible for terminal data processing and various controls. The peripheral device I / O device 402 is an interface for connecting with the biometric authentication device 101. A display device 403 is a monitor that displays a biometric feature amount registration result (success or failure status, not including a biometric feature amount) and guidance to an operator who operates the control computer, and a key input device 305. Is an operator key input device. The main storage device 406 stores various programs. The biometric authentication device control program 407 is a program that controls the biometric authentication device 101 connected via the peripheral device I / O device 402. The peripheral device I / O control program 408 controls the peripheral device I / O device 402. Reference numeral 405 denotes a bus that connects each device in the terminal.

  The operations of the biometric authentication devices 101 and 103 with the IC card device and the control computer 104 will be described with reference to FIG. Steps 506, 507, and 508 are contents processed by the biometric authentication device 101 based on an instruction output from the control computer 104.

  When an item for biometric authentication registration to be displayed on the display device 403 of the control computer 104 is selected by the input device 404, the biometric authentication device control program 407 develops functions related to biometric authentication in the biometric authentication device 101. In step 501, the biometric authentication device control program 407 stored in the control computer 104 transmits an activation signal for biometric feature amount registration processing to the biometric authentication device 101 with IC card device. The biometric authentication device 101 is started around the CPU 201 by the received start signal.

  The authentication program 212 controls the biometric authentication LED 204 and the image sensor 205 to acquire a biometric image and stores it in the image buffer 215 (502). Thereafter, the authentication program 212 reads out the biometric image stored in the image buffer 215, extracts biometric feature quantities for registering in the IC card from the image, and characteristic data for selecting the registered feature quantities, and outputs the results as biometrics. It is stored in the feature quantity 216 (503). The selection of the registered feature value means selection from data repeatedly registered in step 509 described later. Here, for example, in the case of finger vein authentication, the characteristic data is data serving as a reference for selecting a biometric feature amount suitable for registration, such as finger tilt. Note that the biometric feature amount is also simply referred to as biometric information, and the biometric authentication apparatus includes an acquisition unit and an acquisition unit that acquire biometric information.

  The overall apparatus control program 209 activates the encryption / decryption program 213. The program 213 encrypts the biometric feature 216 with the encryption key 218 and stores the result in the encrypted biometric feature 217 (504).

  Next, the living body presence / absence detection program 211 uses the living body presence / absence detection illumination LED 203 and the image sensor 205 to determine whether or not a finger that is a living body is separated from the authentication device (505). As shown in FIG. 3, the light emitted from the LED 203 is reflected by the finger 302, and the reflected light intensity is captured by the image sensor 205, so that the finger is held over or separated from the authentication device. Is determined. Note that instead of the LED 203, the LED 204 may be used to irradiate light on the target finger to determine whether or not the finger has been released.

  There are various methods for measuring the reflected light intensity, but as an example, it can be realized by the following method. It is assumed that each pixel value of the image output from the image sensor 205 is an 8-bit gradation image, black takes a value of zero and white takes a value of 255. When a living body is present in the vicinity of the authentication device and the reflected light is captured, the number of pixels indicating a pixel value close to 255 increases, while when the living body is separated from the device, the number of pixels having a value close to 255 decreases. . Therefore, a threshold related to the pixel value is provided in the living body presence / absence detection program 211, and the number of pixels exceeding the threshold is counted. If the number of pixels exceeds a certain value, the living body presence / absence detection program 211 determines that the living body is in the vicinity of the authentication device and outputs “having a living body”, and if the number is lower, outputs “no living body”. Information on the presence / absence of the living body output by the living body presence / absence detection program 211 based on such processing is transmitted from the biometric authentication device 101 to the control computer 104 via the peripheral device I / O device 202.

  The control computer 104 receives the biometric presence / absence detection information transmitted from the biometric authentication apparatus 101. If it is determined that “there is a biometric”, the process proceeds to step 507. Otherwise, the process proceeds to step 508. If it is determined that “the living body is present”, a guidance for once removing the finger that is a living body from the biometric authentication apparatus 101 is displayed on the display device 403 to prompt the operator to release the finger from the registrant (507). ). Thereafter, steps 505 to 507 are repeated until the biometric authentication device 101 no longer detects that the finger has been released.

  The control computer 104 causes the biometric authentication apparatus 101 to repeatedly execute the processing of steps 502 to 507 until the specified number of times is reached, and stores the result in the encrypted biometric feature 217 (508). Then, in response to an instruction from the control computer 104, the authentication program 212 selects an encryption registration feature amount to be registered in the IC card from the data 217 based on the characteristic data (reference data) extracted in step 503 ( 509).

  The entire apparatus control program 209 writes the selected encrypted registration feature quantity into the IC card apparatus 102 via the IC card apparatus control program 214 under the instruction from the window terminal 105 (510). Although an example in which various processes are performed according to instructions from the control computer 104 has been described above, these processes may be automatically performed only within the authentication apparatus.

  Through the processing in steps 501 to 510 described above, the biometric feature is reliably separated from the biometric authentication device 101 every time the biometric feature is acquired, and an appropriate perturbation for registration is included in the biometric feature.

  In the above-described embodiment, the method of registering the biometric feature amount in the IC card with the biometric authentication device connected to the control computer has been described. However, the biometric authentication device connected to the automatic transaction machine operated unattended can be used. Good. In this case, the guidance displayed on the display device 403 is directly displayed to the registrant. A person who registers biometric information is generally new to using the biometric authentication device and is often unaccustomed. Therefore, in an unattended automatic transaction machine, it is indispensable to detect whether or not a living body is reliably placed and released by the apparatus when registering a biometric feature, and to display guidance to the registrant if it is inappropriate. Thereby, even if registration is performed by an unattended automatic machine, it is possible to avoid registration of inappropriate biometric features.

  In the above embodiment, when detecting the presence / absence of a living body in step 505, the method of using the same image sensor 205 as that used to acquire a living body image in step 502 has been described. A switch may be provided at a location that is touched when the is placed on the authentication device, and the presence / absence of a living body may be determined based on the ON / OFF state of the switch. In addition, a sensor that detects that the finger is in a predetermined position may be provided, and the presence or absence of a living body may be determined based on the detection state of the sensor.

  As another method of detecting the presence / absence of a living body in step 505, when detecting the presence / absence of a living body, the previously extracted biological feature amount is compared with the biological feature amount extracted this time, and the degree of coincidence is determined. Also good. That is, when the living body has never been separated, the position of the finger does not change at all, and it is expected that the degree of coincidence between the biometric feature quantities acquired a plurality of times becomes excessively high. Specifically, the biometric feature amount extracted in steps 502 to 503 and stored in 216 is collated with the feature amount obtained by performing the same procedure again. It is determined that the finger has not been released when the matching degree, which is the collation result, exceeds the threshold value, and it is determined that the finger has been released when the matching degree does not exceed the threshold value. The collation between the biometric feature quantities can be easily realized by using a collation function that the biometric authentication apparatus has for personal authentication.

The figure which shows the example of whole structure of the biometric information registration system using a biometrics authentication apparatus. The figure which shows the structural example of the biometrics apparatus with an IC card apparatus connected to a control computer. The figure which shows the cross section of the sensor part of a biometrics apparatus. The figure which shows the structural example of a control computer. The figure which shows the processing flow which registers the feature-value for biometric authentication into an IC card using a control computer and a biometric authentication apparatus with an IC card apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

201 ... CPU, 202 ... peripheral device I / O device, 203 ... illumination LED for detecting presence or absence of living body, 204 ... LED for biometric authentication, 205 ... image sensor, 206 ... IC card device, 207 ... bus, 108 ... main storage device, 209 ... Device overall control computer, 210 ... Peripheral device I / O control program, 211 ... Biological presence / absence detection program, 212 ... Authentication program, 213 ... Encryption / decryption program, 214 ... IC card device control program, 215 ... Biological image buffer, 216 ... biometric feature quantity, 217 ... encrypted biometric feature quantity, 218 ... encryption key

Claims (4)

In a biometric authentication device that collects biometric features in order to register biometric features ,
A biometric image capturing means for capturing a biometric image for registration;
Based on the biometric image captured by the biometric image capture unit, a feature amount extraction unit that extracts a biometric feature amount for registration;
Storage means for storing the biometric feature value extracted by the feature value extraction means;
It is determined whether or not the collection of the biometric feature amount is performed a predetermined number of times, and if not, the biometric feature amount is collected again by the biometric image capturing unit and the feature amount extraction unit. Means,
Each time the collection of the biometric feature is executed, the biometric feature collected last time and the biometric feature collected this time are compared, and the biometric feature collected last time and the biometric feature collected this time are compared. Biometric presence / absence judging means for judging that the biometric authentication device remains in a state where the biometric authentication device is held from the previous time to the current time when the degree of coincidence of the amounts exceeds a threshold value. A biometric authentication device. The biometric authentication device according to claim 1,
An encryption means for encrypting the collected biometric features;
A biometric authentication device, comprising: means for outputting the biometric feature amount encrypted by the encryption unit to the IC card from the biometric authentication device. In a terminal device that executes processing based on various operations,
A biometric authentication device for collecting biometric features in order to register biometric features ;
A display device for displaying guidance,
The biometric authentication device is:
A biometric image capturing means for capturing a biometric image for registration;
Based on the biometric image captured by the biometric image capture unit, a feature amount extraction unit that extracts a biometric feature amount for registration;
Storage means for storing the biometric feature value extracted by the feature value extraction means;
It is determined whether or not the collection of the biometric feature amount is performed a predetermined number of times, and if not, the biometric feature amount is collected again by the biometric image capturing unit and the feature amount extraction unit. Means,
Wherein each time you run a biometric feature of collecting, comparing the last collected biometric feature and the currently collected biometric feature stored in the storage means, the last collected biometric feature and said currently collected biometric feature A biometric presence / absence judging means for judging that the biometric authentication device remains in a state where the biometric authentication device is held from the previous time to the current time when the amount of coincidence exceeds a threshold;
The display device
The terminal device characterized by displaying guidance so as to remove a living body when the living body presence / absence determining means determines that the living body is held over . In an automatic transaction apparatus that executes various transactions,
A biometric authentication device for collecting biometric features in order to register biometric features ;
A display device for displaying guidance,
The biometric authentication device is:
A biometric image capturing means for capturing a biometric image for registration;
Based on the biometric image captured by the biometric image capture unit, a feature amount extraction unit that extracts a biometric feature amount for registration;
Storage means for storing the biometric feature value extracted by the feature value extraction means;
It is determined whether or not the collection of the biometric feature amount is performed a predetermined number of times, and if not, the biometric feature amount is collected again by the biometric image capturing unit and the feature amount extraction unit. Means,
Wherein each time you run a biometric feature of collecting, comparing the last collected biometric feature and the currently collected biometric feature stored in the storage means, the last collected biometric feature and said currently collected biometric feature A biometric presence / absence judging means for judging that the biometric authentication device remains in a state where the biometric authentication device is held from the previous time to the current time when the amount of coincidence exceeds a threshold;
The display device
An automatic transaction apparatus characterized by displaying guidance so as to remove a living body when it is determined by the living body presence / absence determining means that the living body is held over .

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