JP3959314B2 - Multiple road surface flatness analysis method - Google Patents

Description

【００２１】
さらに、図９に示すように、制御装置２１は、平たん性データを、複数種類の所定間隔ｌｘの各平たん性まとめ距離毎に三次元のグラフにより表示装置に表示することもできる。このように、平たん性データが、複数種類の所定間隔について、平たん性まとめ距離毎にそれぞれ三次元のグラフにより表示されることにより、路面における小さな凹凸から大きな凹凸の分布状況が一見して非常に容易に認識される。これにより、本実施形態においては、路面の状態を多様な観点から捉えることができ、路面状態を総合的に解析することができる。
【００２２】
なお、上記実施形態においては、測定ブロック１０に取り付けられた制御装置２１により、連結角の読取り、縦断プロファイルの演算と、平たん性データの演算処理とが同時に行われているが、これに限るものではない。たとえば、制御装置２１では、連結角の読取りのみを行い、縦断プロファイル及び平たん性データの演算処理については、別の場所で行うようにしてもよい。また、制御装置２１では、連結角の読取りと縦断プロファイルの演算とを行い、平たん性データの演算処理のみを別の場所で行うようにすることも可能である。特に、多数の測定ブロックからの連結角データを特定のデータ解析センターに集めて一括してデータ解析を行うことにより、正確かつ迅速なデータ処理が可能になる。その他、本発明については、上記実施形態に限らず、本発明の主旨を逸脱しない範囲で、種々変更し実施することが可能である。
【００２３】
【発明の効果】
上記請求項１の発明によれば、所定間隔として路面の平たん性を評価する複数種類の間隔値を選択し、複数種類の所定間隔値毎に平たん性データを求めたことにより、道路の路面の状態を小さな凹凸から大きな凹凸も含めて総合的に評価することができる。また、それぞれの平たん性データが、複数種類の所定間隔について平たん性まとめ距離毎に三次元のグラフによって表示されることにより、路面における小さな凹凸から大きな凹凸の分布状況を一見して容易に認識することができる（請求項２の発明の効果）。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の一実施形態である道路の路面の平たん性を解析するために使用される測定ブロックを概略的に示す正面図である。
【図２】同測定ブロックを概略的に示す平面図である。
【図３】測定ブロックにより路面の凹凸を測定する過程を説明する説明図である。
【図４】測定ブロックの各測定地点における状態を模式的に示す説明図である。
【図５】 測定ブロックによる測定結果を解析して路面形状として示したプロファイル図である。
【図６】 図５の結果に基づいてプロファイルメータを用いて路面の凹凸の波高値を求める方法を説明する説明図である。
【図７】 所定間隔が０．５ｍと１ｍのときの、波高値のデータを示すグラフである。
【図８】 平たん性データを、複数種類の所定間隔ｌｘにおいてそれぞれの平たん性まとめ距離毎に二次元で示したグラフである。
【図９】 平たん性データを、複数種類の所定間隔ｌｘにおいてそれぞれの平たん性まとめ距離毎に三次元で示したグラフである。
【図１０】 路面縦断プロファイルから波高値を求めるための３メートルプロファイルメータを説明する説明図である。
【符号の説明】
１０…測定ブロック、１１，１２，１３…第１，第２，第３のローラ、１１ａ，１２ａ，１３ａ…回転軸、１４…第１連結棒、１５…第２連結棒、１６…ロータリエンコーダ（角度検出装置）、１７…距離センサ、１９…操作棒、２１…制御装置、３１…測定具。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a multiple road surface flatness analysis method for evaluating flatness of a road surface or the like of a road having unevenness.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a method for evaluating the flatness of the road surface, a method using a 3-meter profilometer is known. As shown in FIG. 10, the flatness measurement of the road surface by the 3-meter profilometer is performed by moving the wheels 2, 3, and 4 in front of, inside, and rear of the measuring instrument 1 having a total length of 3 m along the road surface, so that the central wheel 3 Waveforms in the longitudinal direction of the road surface are recorded every 1.5 m on the recorder 5 installed at the position, an arbitrary reference line is provided in the recorded waveform, and the standard deviation of the difference between the waveform and the reference line is calculated as a flat surface of the road surface. It is intended to be flexible. In this case, the difference between the waveform of the recorder and the line connecting the wheels on both sides and the measured value of the central wheel may be used as the peak value. As for the method using the 3 meter profilometer, the wave height value can be calculated on the paper surface using the road surface profile data measured in advance, and the calculation can be performed quickly by calculating especially on the computer screen. Is possible.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in the case of the above-described flatness evaluation method, when the road surface profile includes a portion having large unevenness and a portion having small unevenness, the flatness may be reduced by using only a single dimension profile meter. Evaluation of elasticity may not be performed properly. For example, when only a 3 meter profile meter is used, unevenness on a normal motorway is evaluated well, but fine evaluation for sidewalks and highway with more unevenness are not properly evaluated. There is a problem.
The present invention is intended to solve the above-described problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a multiple road surface flatness analysis method capable of comprehensively evaluating the state of a road surface from small unevenness to large unevenness. And
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the structural feature of the invention of claim 1 is based on longitudinal profile data which is a longitudinal profile of the road surface obtained for the target road surface, and is parallel to each other at a predetermined interval. A measuring tool provided with three aligned probes is moved along a longitudinal profile by a predetermined interval unit, and for each moving unit, a crest value that is a deviation dimension from the longitudinal profile of the probe in the middle of the measuring instrument. The data is obtained, the target road surface is divided into a plurality of flatness summary distance units of a predetermined length, and the sum of absolute values of peak value data in each flatness summary distance is obtained, Calculate the unit flatness summary distance by dividing the flatness summary distance by the number of peak value data within the flatness summary distance, and then divide the sum of the absolute values of the peak value data by the unit flatness summary distance. Flatness data is calculated for each flatness summary distance, and as a predetermined interval, a plurality of types of values for evaluating the flatness of the road surface are selected, and based on a plurality of types of predetermined interval values, respectively. It is to obtain flatness data and collect flatness data for each flattening summary distance for a plurality of types of predetermined intervals.
[0005]
In the invention of claim 1 configured as described above, measurement is performed by providing three probes that are parallel to each other and arranged at a predetermined interval based on longitudinal profile data obtained for a target road surface. By using the tool, peak value data is obtained. As for the measuring tools, a plurality of types of measuring tools with predetermined intervals for evaluating the flatness of the road surface are prepared, and the peak value data is obtained for each measuring tool. Next, the target road surface is divided by the flatness summary distance of a predetermined length, and the sum of the absolute values of the peak value data is obtained for each flatness summary distance. The unit flatness summary distance divided by the number of peak value data within the flexibility summary distance is obtained. Further, flatness data, which is a value obtained by dividing the sum of absolute values of the peak value data by the unit flatness summary distance, is obtained for each flatness summary distance.
[0006]
This flatness data is obtained for each peak value obtained using a plurality of types of measuring tools having predetermined intervals. The flatness data obtained in this way are collected for each flatness summary distance for a plurality of types of predetermined intervals. Thereby, the state of the road surface of the road can be comprehensively analyzed from small unevenness to large unevenness.
[0007]
Further, the structural feature of the invention of claim 2 is that, in the multiple road surface flatness analysis method according to claim 1, flatness data is obtained for each flatness collective distance at a plurality of predetermined intervals. Is displayed in a three-dimensional graph. In this way, at a glance, the distribution of flatness from small unevenness to large unevenness on the road surface can be seen at a glance by displaying each flatness data for each flatness summary distance for a plurality of types of predetermined intervals by a three-dimensional graph. It can be recognized very easily.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are front views of a schematic configuration of a road surface profile measuring apparatus for measuring a profile in a longitudinal direction of a road surface D used in the multiple road surface flatness analysis method for the road surface D of the road according to the embodiment. It is shown by a figure and a top view. The road profile profile measuring device includes a measurement block 10 and a control device 21. Note that the longitudinal profile measurement position of the road D is performed with respect to the passing position of the left wheel of the vehicle, which is called the out-wheel path (OWP) where the road surface is most worn. It has become clear that the out-wheel path of this road is the position through which 70-80% of the vehicle passes.
[0009]
As shown in FIG. 1, the measurement block 10 is made of a hard rubber elastic body or elastic body elastomer, and has three disk-shaped first and second arrays arranged in the front, middle, and rear with respect to the traveling direction (arrow direction in the figure). The first, second, and third rollers 11, 12, and 13 are provided, and the rollers 11, 12, and 13 are arranged on the same plane and on the same straight line. In the present embodiment, the outer diameter of each of the rollers 11, 12, 13 is 150 mmφ. Rotating shafts 11a, 12a, and 13a are fixed to the rollers 11, 12, and 13, respectively. On both ends of the rotation shafts 11a and 12a of the first roller 11 and the second roller 12, a pair of long first plate connecting rods 14 are fixed so that the rotation shafts 11a and 12a are rotatable. The rotary shafts 11a and 12a are connected. Also, a pair of long plate-like second connecting rods 15 are fixed to both ends of the rotation shafts 12a and 13a of the second roller 12 and the third roller 13 so that the rotation shafts 12a and 13a are rotatable. The rotary shafts 12a and 13a are connected. In the present embodiment, the distance between the first and second rollers 11 and 12 and the distance between the second and third rollers 12 and 13 are all maintained at 250 mm which is the measurement pitch.
[0010]
A rotary encoder 16 that detects a connection angle θ that is a rotation angle of the first connection rod 14 with respect to the second connection rod 15 is attached to the first connection rod 14. A distance sensor 17 that detects the moving distance of the measurement block from the rotational speed of the second roller 12 is attached to the second connecting rod 15. Further, the second connecting rod 15, the inclination angle sensor 18 is attached for detecting the initial angle theta _B of the second connecting rod 15.
[0011]
An operation rod 19 is rotatably attached to the rotation shaft 12a of the second roller 12 of the measurement block 10. When measuring the profile of the road surface profile, the measurer moves the measurement block 10 while holding the operation bar 19 with his hand and pressing the measurement block 10 against the road surface. As for the method of supporting the measurement block 10, the operation bar 19 may be connected to the measurement vehicle, and the operation bar 19 may be urged by a coil spring or the like to slightly press the measurement block 10 against the road. Thereby, it becomes possible to automatically measure the road profile along the movement of the measurement block 10. A control device 21 is attached to the operation bar 19.
[0012]
The control device 21 is composed of a microcomputer comprising a ROM, a RAM, a CPU, an I / O, and the like, and executes a “multipath flatness analysis method” program stored in the ROM. The ROM of the control device 21 stores one pitch of data 250 mm corresponding to the distance between the rollers 11 and 12 and the distance between the rollers 12 and 13 and the flatness summary distance 20 m. A stop switch 22 for stopping the measurement of the coupling angle is connected to the input side of the control device 21 together with the rotary encoder 16, the distance sensor 17, and the inclination angle sensor 18. The output side of the control device 21 is connected to a display device 23 for displaying a road profile profile measurement result, a table or graph of flatness data, and the like.
[0013]
Next, road profile measurement by the road surface profile measuring apparatus will be described.
The measurer sets the measurement block 10 to the OWP position of the road with the operation rod 19 and sets the third roller 13 at the reference position, and lightly presses the measurement block 10 against the road surface (in the vertical direction). Measurement is started by proceeding to. The control device 21 inputs the initial inclination angle θB of the measurement block 10 from the inclination angle sensor 18 and stores it. When the measurement block 10 moves by 250 mm, which is one pitch, due to the movement of the measurement block 10, the control device 21 recognizes that it is a measurement point according to the input from the distance sensor 17, and detects the connection angle detected by the rotary encoder 16. The value θi is stored. By repeating this, a connection angle detection value θi that is an angle of rotation of the first connection rod 14 with respect to the second connection rod 15 is sequentially obtained every movement distance of 250 mm. When the measurement is finished, the measurer turns on the stop switch 22 of the control device 21, and the control device 21 receives this and determines that the measurement is finished.
[0014]
Next, in the control device 21, a road surface profile is obtained as follows based on the detected connection angle θi. As shown in FIG. 4, the initial angle θ _B of the second connecting rod 15 at the initial position # 1 of the measurement block 10 is obtained, and the rotation angle θ ₁ of the first connecting rod 14 with respect to the second connecting rod 15 is obtained. ₋₁ is obtained as a measured value of the rotary encoder 16. Next, at the position # 2 where the measurement block 10 has moved by one measurement pitch, the rotation angle θ _1-2 of the first connecting rod 14 with respect to the second connecting rod 15 is obtained as a measured value of the rotary encoder 16. Similarly, at the positions # 3, # 4, # 5, # 6... Moved by one measurement pitch of the measurement block 10, the rotation angles θ _1-3 , θ of the first connecting rod 14 with respect to the second connecting rod 15. _1-4 , θ _1-5 , θ _1-6 ... Are obtained as measured values of the rotary encoder 16. By the processing of the control device 21 from the data of the distance of 1 pitch 250 mm and the connection angle θi, appropriate profile data f (x) of the road OWP as shown in FIG. 5 is obtained and stored in the RAM. That is, by using the sequential square method that sequentially detects the connection angle θi of the first connecting rod 14 with respect to the second connecting rod 15 in this way, a longitudinal profile of the road surface can be created easily and accurately.
[0015]
Next, the control device 21 obtains a peak value for each predetermined distance based on the longitudinal profile. Here, the peak value is obtained based on the idea of a 3-meter profile meter. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, there are provided three probes 31a, 31b, 31c that are parallel to each other and arranged at a predetermined interval t (for example, 1.5 m, converted value on the profile data sheet). The measuring tool 31 is moved along the longitudinal profile f (x) obtained by the above method in units of a predetermined interval t while the probes 31a and 31c on both sides are in contact with the longitudinal profile f (x). For each unit, at the position of the probe 31b in the middle of the measuring tool 31, the difference between the straight line connecting the probes 31a and 31c and the longitudinal profile f (x) is the peak value hi. The control device 21 performs the peak value calculation process quickly and accurately.
[0016]
In the present embodiment, five types of lx = 0.5 m, 1 m, 1.5 m, 3 m, and 8 m (x = 1 to 5) are selected for the predetermined interval lx of the profile meter, and the peak value data for each is selected. hxi is determined. In the case of a pedestrian road, the unit is 0.5, 1 and 1.5 meters. In the case of a motorway, the unit is 3 meters. In the case of a highway, the unit is 8 meters. FIG. 7 shows the peak value data hxi for lx = 0.5 m and 1 m.
[0017]
Next, the length of the measured road surface is divided every flatness summary distance 20 m, and the number Nhx of the peak values obtained by the above profile is counted for each 20 m section. For the predetermined intervals lx = 0.5 m, 1 m, 1.5 m, 3 m and 8 m, Nhx = 80, 40, 26, 13, 5 is obtained. The flatness summary distance is not limited to 20 m, and can be appropriately selected such as 10 m, 5 m, etc., depending on the road surface condition, evaluation purpose, and the like. Next, the sum Σ | hxi | of the absolute values of the crest values in the section obtained by the above profile is calculated for each 20 m section. Based on these values, the flatness data fxi is calculated based on the following formula 1.
[0018]
[Expression 1]
fxi = Σ | hxi | / (20 / Nhx)
[0019]
For each predetermined interval lx = 0.5 m, 1 m, 1.5 m, 3 m and 8 m, the flatness data fxi is Σ4 | hxi |, Σ2 | hxi |, Σ13 | hxi | / 10, Σ13 | hxi | / 20, respectively. , Σ | hxi | / 4. Based on Equation 1, the control device 21 calculates the flatness data fxi at each predetermined interval lx, and summarizes the results as shown in Table 1 below, for example. Further, the control device 21 represents the result of Table 1 in a two-dimensional graph as shown in FIG. Thereby, the big unevenness | corrugation of a road surface and a small unevenness | corrugation location are grasped | ascertained easily.
[0020]
[Table 1]

[0021]
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 9, the control device 21 can also display the flatness data on the display device by a three-dimensional graph for each flatness summary distance of a plurality of types of predetermined intervals lx. In this way, the flatness data is displayed in a three-dimensional graph for each flatness summary distance for a plurality of types of predetermined intervals, so that the distribution of large unevenness from a small unevenness on the road surface can be seen at a glance. Recognized very easily. Thereby, in this embodiment, the road surface state can be grasped from various viewpoints, and the road surface state can be comprehensively analyzed.
[0022]
In the above embodiment, the control device 21 attached to the measurement block 10 reads the connection angle, calculates the profile of the profile, and calculates the flatness data at the same time. It is not a thing. For example, the control device 21 may only read the connection angle, and the vertical profile and flatness data calculation processing may be performed at another location. In addition, the control device 21 can perform the connection angle reading and the longitudinal profile calculation so that only the flatness data calculation process is performed at another location. In particular, connecting angle data from a large number of measurement blocks is collected at a specific data analysis center and collectively analyzed, thereby enabling accurate and rapid data processing. In addition, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first aspect of the present invention, a plurality of types of interval values for evaluating the flatness of the road surface are selected as the predetermined intervals, and the flatness data is obtained for each of the plurality of types of predetermined interval values. The condition of the road surface can be comprehensively evaluated from small unevenness to large unevenness. In addition, each flatness data is displayed as a three-dimensional graph for each flatness summary distance for multiple types of predetermined intervals, making it easy to see the distribution of large unevenness from small unevenness on the road surface. (Effect of the invention of claim 2).
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view schematically showing a measurement block used for analyzing the flatness of a road surface according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view schematically showing the measurement block.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a process of measuring road surface unevenness using a measurement block.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a state at each measurement point of a measurement block.
FIG. 5 is a profile diagram showing a road surface shape by analyzing a measurement result obtained by a measurement block.
6 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a method for obtaining a peak value of road surface unevenness using a profile meter based on the result of FIG. 5. FIG.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing peak value data when the predetermined interval is 0.5 m and 1 m.
FIG. 8 is a graph showing flatness data two-dimensionally for each flatness summary distance at a plurality of types of predetermined intervals lx.
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the flatness data in three dimensions for each flatness summary distance at a plurality of types of predetermined intervals lx.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a 3 meter profile meter for obtaining a peak value from a road surface profile.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Measuring block 11, 12, 13 ... 1st, 2nd, 3rd roller, 11a, 12a, 13a ... Rotating shaft, 14 ... 1st connecting rod, 15 ... 2nd connecting rod, 16 ... Rotary encoder ( Angle detecting device), 17 ... distance sensor, 19 ... operating rod, 21 ... control device, 31 ... measuring tool.

Claims (2)

Based on the longitudinal profile data that is the longitudinal profile of the road surface obtained for the target road surface, a measuring tool provided with three probes that are parallel to each other and arranged at a predetermined interval is provided along the longitudinal profile. The peak value data which is a dimension out of the vertical profile of the probe in the middle of the measuring tool is obtained for each moving unit.
The target road surface is divided into a plurality of flatness summary distance units of a predetermined length, and for each flatness summary distance, the sum of absolute values of the peak value data therein is obtained, and A unit flatness summary distance obtained by dividing the flatness summary distance by the number of peak value data within the flatness summary distance is obtained, and the sum of absolute values of the peak value data is calculated by the unit flatness summary distance. The flatness data, which is the divided value, is determined for each flatness summary distance,
As the predetermined interval, a plurality of types of values for evaluating the flatness of the road surface are selected, the flatness data is obtained based on the plurality of types of predetermined interval values, and the flatness is determined for the plurality of types of predetermined intervals. A method for analyzing the flatness of multiple road surfaces, characterized in that each flatness data is collected for each sex summary distance. 2. The multi-road surface flatness analysis method according to claim 1, wherein the flatness data is displayed as a three-dimensional graph for each flatness summary distance at the plurality of types of predetermined intervals.

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