JP3955687B2 - Eddy current reducer for railway vehicles - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an eddy current reduction device for a railway vehicle.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, the Shinkansen incorporates accompanying vehicles that do not have various power machines in order to reduce transportation costs. Since this accompanying vehicle is not equipped with a power device, an energy regenerative brake that uses the power device (electric motor) as a generator cannot be used, and is referred to as an electromagnetic eddy current reduction device (hereinafter referred to as “ECB brake”). ) Is installed.
[0003]
In this ECB brake, as shown in FIG. 8, a coil 3 is disposed opposite to a disk 2 fitted in an axle 1, and an eddy current is generated in the disk 2 by causing a current to flow through these coils 3. The braking force is obtained by the action of the magnetic field. In addition, 4 in FIG. 8 shows a wheel.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the ECB brake as described above has the following problems.
(1) Since large electric power is required, it is not preferable from the viewpoint of energy saving in recent years.
(2) When trouble occurs in the power supply system to the vehicle, it cannot be used.
[0005]
(3) The apparatus is heavy and the control circuit is expensive.
(4) A large amount of heat is transferred from the disc to the axle.
(5) The thermal stress generated in the disc is large, and there is a possibility that the disc may be deformed or thermally cracked.
[0006]
An object of the present invention is to provide an eddy current reduction device for a railway vehicle that can solve the problems of the conventional ECB brake.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-described object, the eddy current reduction device for a railway vehicle of the present invention employs a permanent magnet type eddy current reduction device, and a semicircular stator assembly is detachably attached with a disk interposed therebetween. I am going to do that. In this manner, the drive shaft can be easily attached to and detached from the drive shaft without requiring a large amount of electric power, and the heat dissipation of the disc is improved, and the disc can be prevented from falling over the drive shaft. .
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An eddy current reduction device for a railway vehicle according to the present invention is an eddy current reduction device for a railway vehicle, and includes a disk attached to a drive shaft via a boss and a pair of attachments attached to the drive shaft across the boss. A bearing unit and a semi-circular stator assembly removably attached to the bearing unit so as to surround a part of the disk. The stator assembly has a predetermined circumference on both sides sandwiching the disk. A pole piece that is fixedly arranged with a spacing of N, and an inner permanent magnet row in which N poles and S poles are alternately fixedly arranged at positions opposite to the inner periphery of the pole piece on the opposite side of the disk, An outer permanent magnet in which N poles and S poles are alternately arranged at a position facing the outer periphery of the pole piece on the opposite side of the disk so that one pitch of the pole piece can be turned. Rutotomoni comprising a column, an actuator for pivoting the outer permanent magnet row, definitive when the outer permanent magnet array to pivot by one pitch, the position of the outer permanent magnet row of the tip of the magnet, so as to face only the magnet In addition, a pole piece that is half the size of the other pole piece is arranged .
[0009]
In the eddy current reduction device for a railway vehicle according to the present invention, the magnetic flux passes through the pole piece when the actuator is driven so that the N pole and S pole of the outer permanent magnet row are aligned with the N pole and S pole of the inner permanent magnet row. Then, the disk enters and an eddy current is generated as the disk rotates, and a braking force is applied to the drive shaft. At this time, the position of the magnet in the driving direction front end of the driven outer permanent magnet array, since the arranged pole pieces of half the size of the other pole piece, the outer permanent magnets in the inner permanent magnet does not exist The permanent magnet at the tip in the driving direction can also apply a braking force to the driving shaft. On the other hand, when the N pole and S pole of the outer permanent magnet row are different from the N pole and S pole of the inner permanent magnet row, the magnetic flux forms a closed circuit in the pole piece and does not enter the disk. Do not apply braking force to the drive shaft.
[0010]
The above-described eddy current reduction device for a railway vehicle according to the present invention employs a permanent magnet type eddy current reduction device, and therefore does not require large electric power. In addition, since the stator assembly has a semicircular shape, it can be easily attached to and detached from the drive shaft. Further, since the permanent magnet rows are arranged on both sides of the disk, the heat dissipation of the permanent magnet is improved and the temperature rise is reduced. Further, since the disk is heated in the same state from both sides, the tilting phenomenon with respect to the drive shaft is eliminated, the gap with the pole piece does not change, and the fade phenomenon is reduced.
[0011]
As described above, the stator assembly constituting the eddy current reduction device for a railway vehicle according to the present invention is not limited to one that is detachably attached to a pair of bearing units that are attached to a drive shaft with a boss interposed therebetween. It may be detachably attached to the frame and a pair of bearing units may be omitted. However, in this case, since the carriage frame is shaken by vibration during traveling, it is necessary to slightly increase the distance between the pole piece and the disk.
[0012]
【Example】
Hereinafter, an eddy current reduction device for a railway vehicle according to the present invention will be described based on an embodiment shown in FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a front view showing a cross-section of the main part of an eddy current reduction device for a railway vehicle according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a layout example when the railway vehicle eddy current reduction device of the present invention is attached to an axle, and FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the railway vehicle eddy current reduction device of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a side view of FIG. 6.
[0013]
1 to 5, reference numeral 11 denotes, for example, a boss that is shrink-fitted on the axle 1, and a disk 12 is attached to the boss 11. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the disk 12 is attached to the boss 11 by pivotally supporting a slide pin 14 via a fulcrum pin 13 at, for example, an equally divided position on the circumference of the boss 11. A disc 12 is fitted with a slight gap 14 and a brake pin 14 is used to transmit brake torque while ensuring concentricity in the radial direction.
[0014]
For example, as described above, the disk 12 is attached to the boss 11 via the fulcrum pin 13 and the slide pin 14. In this embodiment, the fulcrum pin 13 is fitted to the slide pin 14 with a small gap. The fulcrum pin 13 is fitted into the boss 11 so that there is no gap. Further, the fitting portions (a and b portions in FIG. 1) between the disk 12 and the boss 11 are also fitted with a minute gap. By doing in this way, the contact area of the disk 12 and the boss | hub 11 becomes small, and the heat conduction from the disk 12 to the boss | hub 11 can be suppressed significantly.
[0015]
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, windows 15 are provided at eight positions between the disk 12 and the boss 11, and through holes 12a communicating with the windows 15 are formed in the disk 12 in the radial direction. In addition, it is disclosed that the cooling performance of the disk 12 is improved by taking in cooling air from the window 15. Further, as the effect of the window 15, the contact area between the disk 12 and the boss 11 is further reduced, and the heat conduction from the disk 12 to the boss 11 can be greatly suppressed.
[0016]
Reference numerals 16a and 16b denote a pair of bearing units attached to the axle 1 with the boss 11 interposed therebetween. The pair of bearing units 16a and 16b has a semicircular shape so as to surround a part of the disk 12. A stator assembly 17 is detachably attached. As shown in FIG. 2, the stator assembly 17 is connected to a carriage frame 19 via a torque arm 18 and receives a reaction force of a braking force.
[0017]
Next, the configuration of the stator assembly 17 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, 17a is a pole piece that is arranged on both sides of the disk 12 and fixedly arranged at a predetermined interval on the same circumference as shown in FIG. Made of ferromagnetic material.
[0018]
17b, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, is an inner permanent magnet row in which N poles and S poles are alternately arranged at positions facing the inner peripheral portion of the pole piece 17a on the opposite side of the disk 12. It is fixed to the case 17f via a fixed yoke 17d and a back plate 17m. The back plate 17m and the case 17f are made of a nonmagnetic material such as aluminum.
[0019]
17c is an outer permanent magnet row in which N poles and S poles are alternately arranged at a position facing the outer peripheral portion of the pole piece 17a on the opposite side of the disk 12 in the same manner as the inner permanent magnet row 17b. . As shown in FIG. 1, the outer permanent magnet row 17c is supported by a metal 17g fixedly disposed on the case 17f and the fixed yoke 17d so as to be freely turnable via the movable yoke 17e. A stand 17h, a roller follower 17i, and a metal tip 17j shown in FIG. 3 are connected to, for example, a hydraulic cylinder 17k that is provided with a piston position detecting device and can be stopped at an arbitrary position. It can be turned.
[0020]
In the present invention , as described above, at the position of the magnet at the tip in the rotation direction of the outer permanent magnet row 17c rotated by one pitch of the pole piece 17a, as shown by an imaginary line in FIG. Half pole piece 17aa is arranged.
[0021]
The eddy current reduction device for a railway vehicle according to the present invention has the above-described configuration. Next, the operation of the eddy current reduction device for a railway vehicle will be described.
In the railway vehicle eddy current reduction device of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, in the state where the N pole and S pole of the outer permanent magnet row 17c are different from the N pole and S pole of the inner permanent magnet row 17b, the magnetic flux Constitutes a closed circuit in the pole piece 17a, does not enter the disk 12, and no braking force acts on the axle 1.
[0022]
From the state shown in FIG. 3, the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 17k is protruded to move the outer permanent magnet row 17c by one pitch of the pole piece 17a as shown by the imaginary line in FIG. If the N pole and S pole of 17c and the N pole and S pole of the inner permanent magnet row 17b are matched, the magnetic flux passes through the pole piece 17a and enters the disk 12, and an eddy current is generated as the disk 12 rotates. Thus, a braking force acts on the axle 1. At this time, due to the action of the pole piece 17aa, the permanent magnet at the tip of the outer permanent magnet row 17c in which no inner permanent magnet exists can also apply a braking force to the axle 1.
[0023]
This state is a state in which 100% braking force is applied, but the position of the outer permanent magnet row 17c is set to an arbitrary position between the state in which the braking force described above is OFF and the state in which 100% braking force is applied. When positioned, the braking force varies between 0 and 100%.
[0024]
The above-described eddy current reduction device for a railway vehicle according to the present invention employs a permanent magnet type eddy current reduction device, and therefore does not require large electric power. In addition, since the stator assembly 17 has a semicircular shape, it can be easily attached to and detached from the axle 1 and the maintainability is improved. Further, since the permanent magnet rows 17b and 17c are arranged on both sides of the disk 12, the heat dissipation of the permanent magnet is improved and the temperature rise is reduced. Furthermore, since the disk 12 is heated in the same state from both sides during braking, the tilting phenomenon with respect to the axle 1 is eliminated, the gap with the pole piece 17a does not change, and the fade phenomenon is reduced.
[0025]
By the way, at the time of braking, the surface of the disk 12 facing the pole piece 17a generates heat, the temperature rises, and thermal expansion occurs. When the disk 12 and the boss 11 are firmly connected by an integrated structure or bolts, etc., when the disk 12 generates heat as described above, a large thermal stress is generated inside and used beyond the strength limit of the material. If it does, defects such as cracks will occur.
[0026]
Therefore, in this embodiment, the connection between the disk 12 and the boss 11 is performed via a plurality of slide pins 14, so that the thermal expansion deformation of the disk 12 is released by the sliding motion of the slide pins 14, and the above-described thermal stress. It shows what eases. In addition, due to the connection between the disk 12 and the boss 11 via the slide pin 14, mass movement during rotation of the disk 12 does not occur with respect to the rotation center, and a smooth rotational motion can be ensured.
[0027]
The eddy current reduction device for a railway vehicle of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the pair of bearing units 16a and 16b attached to the axle 1 with the boss 11 interposed therebetween may be omitted, and for example, the stator assembly 17 may be attached to the carriage frame 19 in a detachable manner. However, in the case of the configuration shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the carriage frame 19 is shaken by vibration during traveling, so that the pole piece 17 a and the disk 12 are more than in the case of the configuration shown in FIGS. 1 to 5. The interval needs to be slightly increased.
[0028]
Moreover, although the thing which attached the eddy current reduction device for rail vehicles of this invention to the axle 1 was shown in the present Example, you may attach to the electric shaft of a motor. Furthermore, it goes without saying that the eddy current reduction device for a railway vehicle of the present invention can be applied to a large construction vehicle or an industrial vehicle.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the railway vehicle eddy current speed reducer of the present invention is a permanent magnet type eddy current speed reducer, so it is compact, does not require a large amount of power, and there is a problem with the power supply system to the vehicle. Even if it occurs, it can be used.
[0030]
In addition, in the eddy current reduction device for a railway vehicle of the present invention, the stator assembly has a semicircular shape, so that it can be easily attached to and detached from the axle. Further, since the permanent magnet rows are arranged on both sides of the disk, the heat dissipation of the permanent magnet is improved and the temperature rise is reduced. Furthermore, since the disc is heated in the same state from both sides, the phenomenon of falling over the axle is eliminated and the gap with the pole piece does not change, so the fade phenomenon is reduced.
[0031]
Also, the position of the magnet in the driving direction front end of the driven outer permanent magnet array, since the arranged pole pieces of half the size of the other pole piece, driving the outer permanent magnets in the inner permanent magnet does not exist The permanent magnet at the tip of the direction is also more effective because a braking force can be applied to the drive shaft.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view showing a cross section of a main part of an eddy current reduction device for a railway vehicle according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A in FIG.
4 is a B cross-sectional view of FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a layout example when the railway vehicle eddy current reduction device of the present invention is attached to an axle.
FIG. 6 is a front view showing a cross section of a main part of another embodiment of the eddy current reduction device for a railway vehicle of the present invention.
7 is a side view of FIG. 6. FIG.
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating the principle of an electromagnetic eddy current reduction device.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Axle 11 Boss 12 Disc 16a Bearing unit 16b Bearing unit 17 Stator assembly 17a Pole piece 17aa Pole piece 17b Inner permanent magnet row 17c Outer permanent magnet row 17k Hydraulic cylinder 19 Bogie frame

Claims (2)

An eddy current reduction device for a railway vehicle,
A disc attached to the drive shaft via a boss;
A pair of bearing units attached to the drive shaft across the boss;
A semi-circular stator assembly removably attached to these bearing units to surround a portion of the disk;
The stator assembly is
A pole piece fixedly arranged at a predetermined interval on the same circumference on both sides of the disc; and
An inner permanent magnet row in which N poles and S poles are alternately fixedly arranged at positions opposite to the inner periphery of the pole piece on the opposite side of the disk;
Similarly, an outer permanent magnet row in which N poles and S poles are alternately arranged at positions opposite to the outer periphery of the pole piece on the opposite side of the disk so that one pitch of the pole piece can be turned,
Rutotomoni an actuator for pivoting the outer permanent magnet array,
A pole piece that is half the size of the other pole piece is placed at the position of the magnet at the tip of the outer permanent magnet row when the outer permanent magnet row is rotated by one pitch so as to face only this magnet. An eddy current reduction device for a railway vehicle. The eddy current reduction device for a railway vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein the stator assembly is detachably attached to the frame in place of the pair of bearing units, and the pair of bearing units is omitted.

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