JPH0746620Y2 - Electric motorcycle using a direct drive type wheel motor - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an electric two-wheeled vehicle using a direct drive type wheel motor in which wheels are directly rotated by a motor.

(Prior Art) In recent years, an electric vehicle using battery power as a power source and a motor as a drive source has been attracting attention because of advantages such as low pollution, low noise, and easy control.

In this type of electric vehicle, there are two methods for driving the wheels. One of them is that the motor and the wheels are provided separately, and both are connected via a power transmission device such as a speed reducer, a differential device, and a drive shaft. The other type is a so-called wheel motor in which a motor is directly incorporated in a wheel disc of a wheel.

In the former, the power of the motor is reduced by the power transmission device,
Not only there is energy loss, but there is the drawback that the weight of the vehicle increases and the mileage per battery charge (hereinafter simply referred to as the range) becomes shorter.

On the other hand, the latter has a small axial dimension,
No power transmission device is required, and the weight of the entire vehicle can be made relatively small. It is clear that the latter is superior as the drive system of the electric vehicle.

Therefore, recently, an electric motorcycle employing the latter has been proposed (see, for example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 53-136,736).

This electric motorcycle has a hub 100, as shown in FIG.
A wheel disc 102 for the brake 101 and a wheel disc 104 for the motor 103 are provided, and these wheel discs 102, 104 are supported by bearings 105, 106, respectively.

In the figure, “107” is a wheel and “108” is a fork.

(Problems to be solved by the invention) However, in this electric two-wheeled vehicle, reduction of the weight of the entire vehicle and reduction of the axial dimension are still insufficient. That is, 2
Since the vehicle has two wheel discs 102 and 104, the weight of the vehicle is heavy.
If the bearings 105 and 106 are respectively supported, so-called both-ends support is provided, and the axial dimension L of the hub 100 is enlarged.

As a result, the range value becomes short, and particularly in an electric motorcycle that cannot mount a large battery, the short range value is a major factor that hinders generalization.

Moreover, in order to design an electric motorcycle with great power performance, the motor 103 must have a large structure, but this makes the wheels larger, and the characteristic feature of the electric motorcycle is that it is small and easy to handle. It will be gradually diminished. Further, if the axial dimension is enlarged, it is not preferable in terms of design, and since both ends are supported, there is a problem in that work efficiency is reduced during assembly work.

The present invention has been made to solve the problems associated with the above-described conventional techniques, and a first object thereof is to reduce the overall weight of the vehicle and increase the range value.

A second object of the present invention is to provide an electric two-wheeled vehicle in which the size of the motor portion is small and there is no practical problem.

Further, a third object of the present invention is to provide an electric motorcycle using a direct drive type wheel motor which has a simple structure and is excellent in assembling workability.

[Means for Solving the Problems] (Means for Solving the Problems) An electric motorcycle using a direct drive type wheel motor according to the present invention for achieving the above object has an outer periphery of a hollow hub whose both ends are supported by forks. One wheel disc is rotatably mounted through a bearing, and a braking portion is provided on one end face side of the wheel disc, a wheel is provided on the outer periphery, and the hollow hub is provided on the other end face side of the wheel disc. It is characterized in that a rotor portion, which is opposed to the attached stator portion with a small clearance, is tightened and fixed by bolts, respectively, and a motor including the stator portion and the rotor portion is covered with a cover.

The hollow hub is a stepped hollow hub having an outer diameter on the bearing side and an outer diameter on the motor side that are different from each other.

The bearing is characterized in that a single bearing for supporting a motor and a single bearing for supporting a braking portion are arranged in proximity to each other to support the wheel disk in a cantilevered manner.

In the hollow hub, a power line for supplying electric power to the stator is inserted into an internal communication passage.

The braking unit is of a shoe drum type.

(Operation) As described above, if the motor and the braking portion are separately arranged on both sides of one wheel disc provided on the hollow hub via the bearing, the motor is braked from one side of the wheel disc and the braking portion is controlled from the other side. Since it can be attached, the structure is simplified, the assembly workability is improved, the weight of the entire vehicle is reduced, the range value can be increased, and the wheel disc can be supported cantilevered on the hollow hub. So
The axial dimension can be significantly reduced.

Moreover, if the hollow hub is a stepped hollow hub in which the outer diameter on the bearing side and the outer diameter on the motor side are different, the motor and the braking unit can be assembled independently in a stacking method, and the assembly work can be performed. The property is further improved.

If the bearings for supporting the motor and the bearings for supporting the braking portion are arranged close to each other, the axial dimension can be further reduced.

When the power line for feeding the stator is inserted into the communication passage formed inside the hollow hub, wiring of the power line is facilitated, and the air flowing inside improves the cooling effect of the power line and the motor.

If the braking portion is of a shoe drum type, the axial dimension can be further reduced in this respect as well.

As a result, an electric two-wheeled electric vehicle that has no practical problems can be obtained.

Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of an electric motorcycle according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an electric wheel portion of the electric motorcycle.

As shown in FIG. 1, this electric motorcycle uses the electric power of a plurality of batteries 2 mounted on the bottom frame 1 as a power source, and drives the motor M of the wheel motor 3 with this electric power.

In the figure, "4" is a steering wheel, "5" is a seat,
"6" is a suspension.

The wheel motor 3 is attached to the other end of a fork 8 whose one end is rotatably supported by the rear frame 7, the details of which are shown in FIG.

The wheel motor 3 is supported by the fork 8, and the tip of the fork 8 is fixed by welding or the like to a support plate 11 attached to both ends of the hollow hub 9 with bolts 10.

On the outer periphery of the hollow hub 9, a single wheel disk 12 made of a lightweight metal such as aluminum is rotatably mounted via a bearing 13.

The hollow hub 9 serves as both the rotating shaft of the motor M and the axle.

The wheel disc 12 is provided with a dust seal 15 on the inner circumference of a boss portion 14, the bearing 13 including a pair of bearing units 13a and 13b arranged close to each other. Of these bearing units, one bearing unit 13a mainly functions as a motor bearing, and the other bearing unit 11b mainly functions as a brake bearing. These two bearing units 13
The reason why a and 13b are arranged close to each other is to reduce the axial dimension of the wheel motor, but this wheel motor 3 also supports the wheel disk 12 in a cantilevered manner, which also reduces the axial dimension. We are trying to shorten it.

Further, a braking portion 16 is attached to one side surface of the wheel disk 12, that is, an end portion of the boss portion 14 by a bolt 16a. The braking portion 16 is of a shoe drum type, and this shoe drum type brake is well known in the art, so a detailed description thereof will be omitted. The brake shoe 19 expands inside and is brought into sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the brake drum 18. In particular, this shoe drum type brake is preferable for an electric two-wheeled vehicle because the size in the axial direction can be made smaller than that of a disc brake.

On the other hand, on the other side of the wheel disk 12, a motor M
Is installed. This motor M is the hollow hub 9
And a rotor portion 21 opposed to the stator portion 20 with a small gap G between the stator portion 20 and the rotor portion 21. A direct drive system is used in which the wheel disk 12 is directly rotated by the motor M.

Further, a wheel 23 is attached to the outer periphery of the wheel disc 12, and the wheel 23 has a rim 25 fixed to the wheel disc 12 by a hub bolt 24 and a tire 26.
It consists of and.

In this case, the hollow hub 9 has a bearing with the flange 9a as a boundary.
It is a so-called stepped hub in which the outer diameter of the motor side is larger than the outer diameter of the 13 side or the braking part side, so that the motor side is the motor side, the braking part side is the braking part side, and they are stacked. It is possible to assemble each member to the above, and most of the wheel motor 3 can be assembled, which is extremely convenient from the viewpoint of improvement in assembling work and maintenance work such as maintenance and inspection.

The rotor portion 21 is composed of an annular yoke 27 and a thin-walled permanent magnet 28 of a rare earth element that is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the yoke 27 with an adhesive or bolts and generates a strong magnetic field.

The rare earth permanent magnet 28 not only has a large magnetic flux density but also exhibits a large crystal magnetic anisotropy at room temperature and thus exhibits a large coercive force. The motor can be made thin, the motor can be made compact, and a large output can be produced.

For example, a normal permanent magnet such as an alnico type or a ferrite type has a coercive force of about 50 to 270 kA / m, whereas a rare earth cobalt type (RCo ₅ ) has a coercive force. Is also 680 to 800 kA / m, it is clear that the rare earth magnet is effective.

Further, the wheel disk 12 is made of a light metal such as aluminum alloy, and in order to improve the heat dissipation of the motor M, a heat dissipation fin f is projected on the outer peripheral surface.

The stator portion 20 is an armature core around which a coil C is wound.
The inner peripheral portion of 29 is a flange portion of the hollow hub 9 by the bolt 30.
It is attached to 9a via a spacer 31.

The coil C and the power line 32 are connected to each other via a connecting bolt 33 and a plate-shaped terminal 34. The connecting bolt 33 has a plate-like shape when screwed into the power line 32. This is done by interposing the terminal 34. Since the power line 32 is inserted through the large communication passage 35 in the hollow hub 9, not only the wiring of the power line 32 becomes extremely easy, but also the air passing through the communication passage 35 causes the power line 32 and The Joule heat of the motor M can also be removed, and the cooling effect will be improved.

In the figure, “36” is a hollow electrical insulation block.

The outside of the motor M is covered with a cover 37 that is fastened together with the yoke 27 by the bolt 22.
On the inner surface of this cover 37, a timing grid 38 for detecting the rotation state of the motor is provided. The timing grid 38 is provided corresponding to the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets attached to the rotor portion 21, and directs an optical signal from the photosensor 39 attached to the hollow hub 9 to a light receiving element (not shown). It reflects.

Control device 40 for controlling the rotation torque of the wheel motor 3
Is provided below the seat 5 as shown in FIG. The control device 40 calculates from control signals for driving the wheel motor 11 for an electric motorcycle, for example, an operation amount of an accelerator or a brake, a running torque, a charge amount of a battery, a heat generation amount of a wheel motor, and the like. The control signal is input.

Next, the operation will be described.

First, to assemble the wheel motor 3, the hollow hub 9
Install the wheel disc 12 to. Then, after fixing the stator 20 to the hollow hub 9 with bolts 30, the power line 32 and the coil C of the stator portion 20 are connected.

Next, bolt the rotor part 21 to one side of the wheel disc 12.
Attach it with 22 and tighten the cover 37 together. If you install the braking part 16 on the other side of this wheel disc 12,
The wheel motor 3 can be assembled.

Finally, the wheel motor 3 may be fixed to the support plate 11 attached to the fork 8 with the bolt 10.

When the work of assembling the wheel motor 3 is performed, the wheel disc 12, the stator portion 20, and the rotor portion 21 from the left side and the braking portion 16 from the right side may be mounted in a so-called stacking method. It is easy to assemble and has a good assembly procedure. Therefore, the work becomes easy even at the time of maintenance and inspection for disassembling it, and the maintainability is also improved.

Next, when a start switch (not shown) is turned on, a predetermined current from the battery 2 is guided to the power line 32 through the control device 40, and the power line 32 causes the coil to pass through the connecting bolt 33 and the plate-shaped terminal 34. Guided by C. This current is controlled by the light receiving element detecting the light reflected by the timing grid 38.

As a result, the electric current crosses the magnetic field formed by the rare earth magnet 28 on the rotor portion 21 side, whereby the rotor portion 21 rotates. This rotation takes place through the bolts 22 through the wheel disc 12
And the wheels 23 rotate.

That is, since the wheel motor 3 is of a direct drive type in which the rotor portion 21 is directly rotated by the stator portion 20, the wheel motor 3 does not need a power transmission device such as a speed reducer, a differential device, or a drive shaft. The desired movement can be performed in this way, which simplifies the structure of the axle portion. In addition, this makes it possible to reduce the weight and size of the vehicle as a whole, and to increase the mileage per battery charge, that is, the range value.

Further, as the vehicle runs, the motor M and the power line
The Joule heat that has heated 32 is not only removed via the heat radiation fins f of the wheel disk 12, but also removed by the air flowing through the communication passage 35 of the hollow hub 9.

[Advantage of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, since the motor and the braking unit are separately arranged on both sides of one wheel disk provided through the bearing in the hollow hub, the structure is improved. Since the simplification, the assembling workability are improved, the weight of the entire vehicle is reduced, the range value can be increased, and the wheel disc can be supported cantilevered on the hollow hub,
The axial dimension can be significantly reduced.

Moreover, if the hollow hub is a stepped hollow hub in which the outer diameter on the bearing side and the outer diameter on the motor side are different, the motor and the braking unit can be assembled independently in a stacking method, and the assembly work can be performed. The property is further improved.

If the bearings for supporting the motor and the bearings for supporting the braking portion are arranged close to each other, the axial dimension can be further reduced.

When the power line for feeding the stator is inserted into the communication passage formed inside the hollow hub, wiring of the power line is facilitated, and the air flowing inside improves the cooling effect of the power line and the motor.

If the braking portion is of a shoe drum type, the axial dimension can be further reduced in this respect as well.

As a result, an electric two-wheeled electric vehicle that has no practical problems can be obtained.

Also, since there is only one wheel disk, the size of the motor part can be made small with no practical problems, and the electric drive using the direct drive type wheel motor has a simple structure and excellent assembly workability. It will be possible to provide motorcycles.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of an electric motorcycle according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a wheel motor portion of the electric motorcycle, and FIG. 3 is a wheel motor portion of a conventional electric electric motorcycle. FIG. 8 ... Fork, 9 ... Hollow hub, 12 ... Wheel disk, 13 ... Bearing, 13a, 13b ... Bearing alone, 16 ... Braking part, 20 ... Stator part, 21 ... Rotor part, 22 ... … Bolts, 23 …… Wheels, 32 …… Power lines, 35 …… Communication passages, 37 ……
Cover, G ... Gap, M ... Motor.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Atsushi Mamiya 4428 Shinyoshida-cho, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Tokyo R & D Development Laboratory Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP-A-63-275427 (JP, A) )

Claims (5)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A wheel disc (12) is rotatably mounted via a bearing (13) on the outer periphery of a hollow hub (9) whose both ends are supported by a fork (8). A braking part (16) is attached to one end face side of the wheel 12), a wheel (23) is attached to the outer periphery thereof, and a stator mounted to the hollow hub (9) is attached to the other end face side of the wheel disc (12). The rotor portion (21), which is opposed to the rotor portion (20) with a small gap (G), is tightened and fixed by bolts (16a, 22, 24) respectively, and the stator portion (20) and the rotor portion are fixed. An electric motorcycle using a direct drive type wheel motor, characterized in that a motor (M) consisting of (21) is covered with a cover (37). 2. The hollow hub (9) is a stepped hollow hub having an outer diameter on the bearing (13) side and an outer diameter on the motor (M) side that are different from each other. Electric motorcycle using the direct drive type wheel motor. 3. The bearing (13) comprises a bearing unit (13a) for supporting a motor and a bearing unit (13b) for supporting a braking portion (16) arranged close to each other, and the wheel disc (12) is An electric motorcycle using a direct drive type wheel motor according to claim 1 or 2, which is supported in a cantilever manner. 4. The hollow hub (9) has an internal communication passage (3
Power line (32) for supplying power to the stator part (20) in 5)
An electric motorcycle using the direct drive type wheel motor according to claim 1 or 2, which is inserted. 5. An electric motorcycle using a direct drive wheel motor according to claim 1, wherein the braking portion (16) is of a shoe drum type.