JP3947322B2 - Pharmaceutical composition and health food containing polyunsaturated fatty acid - Google Patents

Pharmaceutical composition and health food containing polyunsaturated fatty acid Download PDF

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JP3947322B2
JP3947322B2 JP09642999A JP9642999A JP3947322B2 JP 3947322 B2 JP3947322 B2 JP 3947322B2 JP 09642999 A JP09642999 A JP 09642999A JP 9642999 A JP9642999 A JP 9642999A JP 3947322 B2 JP3947322 B2 JP 3947322B2
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arachidonic acid
pharmaceutical composition
acid
health food
oils
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JPH11343236A (en
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良雄 清水
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常盤薬品工業株式会社
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、比較的多量の多価不飽和脂肪酸を含有する油脂を必須成分として配合してなる、肝ガンの予防または治療に有効な医薬組成物および健康食品に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
アラキドン酸はプロスタグランジンの生物学的前駆体であり、最近、その薬理効果が注目されている。アラキドン酸は、生体内では、リノール酸から、γ−リノレン酸、ジホモ−γ−リノレン酸を経て合成されるが、この合成アラキドン酸がプロスタグランジンに変換され、これが効果を発揮するものと考えられている。したがって、アラキドン酸やその生合成原料たるリノール酸を医薬や、健康食品の有効成分とすることが提案されている。例えば、特開昭59−62522号には、リノール酸やアラキドン酸を界面活性剤と共に水溶性の組成物として経口投与し、消化器系障害の予防や治療に用いることが提案されている。
【0003】
上述のリノール酸は通常の油脂食品中に多量に含有されており、その入手は容易で、食物としての摂取によって所望の効果を期待できるものの、アラキドン酸は魚や肉、卵等の食品に少量含有されているにすぎず、その薬理効果を期待できる十分な量を安価に入手することは困難である。また、特開昭59−62522号では、精製された遊離脂肪酸形態のアラキドン酸を使用しているが、これは高価であるので、実用的ではない。
【0004】
また、最近、多価不飽和脂肪酸と肝疾患との関係についても研究がなされてきており、例えば、Pharma Media、Vol.14(1996)148-165には、アラキドン酸、リノール酸、γ−リノレン酸などの多価不飽和脂肪酸の補給が、肝硬変、肝ガンなどの疾患あるいはインスリン抵抗性に及ぼす影響が示されている。
しかしながら、かかる報告は未だ実証段階に至るものではない。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
このような事情に鑑み、本発明者らは肝ガンの予防・治療に有効な医薬品または実用的な健康食品を得るべく鋭意研究を行った結果、例えば、特開昭63−44891号や特開平2−86789号などに開示されるような微生物学的方法により得られる高濃度のアラキドン酸を含有する油脂がその目的に好適であり、そのような油脂を配合した医薬組成物および健康食品が実用的であり、その摂取が、肝ガンの予防・治療に有効であることを実証により見い出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
すなわち、本発明は、その第1の態様として、アラキドン酸含有油脂、あるいはさらにドコサヘキサエン酸含有油脂やカキ肉エキスを必須成分としてなることを特徴とする肝ガンの予防・治療用の医薬組成物を提供するものである。
また、本発明は、その第2の態様として、アラキドン酸含有油脂、あるいはさらにドコサヘキサエン酸含有油脂やカキ肉エキスを必須成分としてなることを特徴とする肝ガンの予防・治療用の健康食品を提供するものである。
本発明によれば、肝ガンなどの肝疾患を実用的かつ有効に予防・治療し得る。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明で用いるアラキドン酸含有油脂は、特に限定されるものではないが、アラキドン酸生産能を有する微生物から得られるアラキドン酸含有油脂、すなわち、油脂全体に対してアラキドン酸含有量が2重量%以上、好ましくは10〜99重量%、さらに好ましくは20〜99重量%の油脂である。アラキドン酸の摂取量が少なすぎると、その効果が期待できないので、かかる油脂は、アラキドン酸含有量が、医薬組成物または食品全体に対して2重量%以上、好ましくは10重量%以上となるように配合する。
【0008】
このような比較的高濃度のアラキドン酸を含有する油脂は、例えば、特開昭63−44891号に開示の方法に従い、モルティエレラ(Mortierella)属に属するアラキドン酸生産菌を、炭素源としてグルコース、窒素源として酵母エキスを用い、好ましくは大豆油の存在下で培養し、アラキドン酸含有画分を抽出、濃縮することにより、得ることができる。また、特開平2−86789号に開示の方法に従い、エントモフトラ(Entomophthora)属糸状菌を、有機多塩基酸を添加した培地中で培養することにより、アラキドン酸を菌体内に高濃度で蓄積させ、これを採取することにより、迅速かつ安価に大量生産することもできる。
【0009】
本発明の医薬組成物および健康食品は、かかる比較的高濃度のアラキドン酸を含有する油脂単独またはそれらの混合物のみで構成してもよく、あるいは、このようなアラキドン酸含有油脂に加えて、ドコサヘキサエン酸(以下、DHAという)や、エイコサペンタエン酸(以下、EPAという)、γ−リノレン酸、α−リノレン酸、リノール酸、これらの酸を含有する油脂、例えば、大豆油、ゴマ油、精製魚油など、また、d−α−トコフェロールなどのビタミン、カキ肉エキスなどのアミノ酸、および医薬上許容される賦形剤、担体など、または、甘味料、香辛料などの調味料などを適宜含有させてもよい。
【0010】
特に、アラキドン酸と共に、DHAを含有させることにより、アラキドン酸の体内での働きが促進され、その医薬組成物および健康食品としての効用がさらに向上することが判明した。一般に、DHAは、アラキドン酸に対する重量比で、0.5〜1.5倍の割合で添加することにより良好な治療効果が得られる。
【0011】
また、アラキドン酸と共に、カキ肉エキスを含有させることにより、脂肪酸とアミノ酸の両方を摂取でき、より一層の効用を期待できる。アラキドン酸含有油脂とカキ肉エキスは混合物とする以外に、それぞれ単独で同時にまたは順次に摂取するものとすることもできる。一般に、カキ肉エキスは、アラキドン酸に対する重量比で、2〜150倍、好ましくは15〜50倍の割合で添加するとより良好な予防・治療効果が得られる。
【0012】
本発明の医薬組成物および健康食品は、常法により、油剤、エマルジョン、ソフトカプセル剤、ハードカプセル剤、錠剤、顆粒剤、固形剤、チュアブル剤、ドレッシング類、菓子類などの形態にすることができる。各成分を全てこれらの形態に含有させる以外に、アラキドン酸含有油脂、ドコサヘキサエン酸含有油脂およびカキ肉エキスを各々独立して前記形態としたものを種々に組み合わせたもの、あるいはアラキドン酸含有油脂およびドコサヘキサエン酸含有油脂を含む前記形態とカキ肉エキスを含む前記形態を組み合わせたもの、例えば、アラキドン酸含有油脂およびドコサヘキサエン酸含有油脂を含むソフトカプセル剤およびカキ肉エキスを含む錠剤よりなるキットや、アラキドン酸含有油脂を含むソフトカプセル剤およびカキ肉エキスを含む錠剤よりなるキットの形態とすることもできる。また、本発明の医薬組成物および健康食品は、ヒトに限らず、イヌ、ネコ、ラット、ネズミ、モルモット、サル、ヒヒなどの哺乳動物の医薬組成物または飼料としてもよく、例えば、常法に従い、飼料用の固体または液体の添加剤とすることもできる。かかる、医薬組成物または飼料も本発明の医薬組成物および健康食品に包含される。
【0013】
本発明の医薬組成物および健康食品は、通常、アラキドン酸の1日の摂取量が成人の場合、50〜2,000mg/日、好ましくは400〜1,000mg/日となるように使用する。また、ヒト以外の哺乳動物については、アラキドン酸の1日の摂取量が1〜50mg/kg、好ましくは5〜10mg/kgとなるように与える。これにより、肝ガンなどに対して顕著な予防・治療効果が得られる。
【0014】
【実施例】
以下に実施例および実験例を挙げて本発明をさらに詳しく説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。なお、実施例中の「%」は「重量%」を意味する。
【0015】
実施例1
以下の処方により、常法に従って、ソフトカプセル剤を製造した。

Figure 0003947322
【0016】
実施例2
以下の処方により、常法に従って、ドレッシングを製造した。
Figure 0003947322
【0017】
実施例3
まず、以下の処方により、常法に従って、アラキドン酸粉末を調製した。
Figure 0003947322
【0018】
アラキドン酸含有油脂を溶媒のエタノールに溶解し、残りの原料を混合したものに、この溶液を添加し、混合分散させて吸着させた後、加温乾燥して溶媒を除去し、アラキドン酸粉末とした。
こうして得られたアラキドン酸粉末を用い、以下の処方により、常法に従って、ハードカプセル剤を製造した。
Figure 0003947322
【0019】実施例4実施例3で調製したアラキドン酸粉末を用い、以下の処方により、常法に従って、錠剤を製造した。
Figure 0003947322
【0020】
実施例5
以下の処方により、常法に従って、アラキドン酸含有油脂およびドコサヘキサエン酸含有油脂を含むソフトゼラチンカプセル剤を調製した。
Figure 0003947322
また、以下の処方により、カキ肉エキスを含む錠剤を調製した。
Figure 0003947322
PTP包装により両剤を組合わせてキットを得た。
【0021】
実験例1
実施例1の処方で調製されたソフトゼラチンカプセル剤の中身を用いて癌細胞への効果を実験した。
AH−130肝癌細胞をソフトゼラチンカプセルの中身と共に24時間培養した。トリパンブルー排除試験により死亡細胞を染色し、死癌細胞%を求めた。また、細胞膜およびミクロソームのリン脂質中のアラキドン酸含量を測定した。
結果を表1に示す。
【0022】
【表1】
Figure 0003947322
【0023】
表1より、肝癌細胞にアラキドン酸を添加することで癌細胞の死数が増え、また肝癌時に不足するリン脂質中のアラキドン酸量も増加することが分かる。
【0024】
実験例2
実施例3の処方で調製されたアラキドン酸粉末を用いて、糖尿病の改善を試みた。16日齢のSprague-Dawleyラット(120−130g)を用いて、65mg/kgストレプトゾトシンを皮下注射し、糖尿病ラットを作成した。ラットに高脂肪食(主にバター)を与え、その半数にアラキドン酸換算量150mg/週を与えた。4週間後、euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clampを用いてインスリン感受性を調べ、さらに肝臓リン脂質中脂肪酸(%)を測定した。また、インスリン注射(3mU/min/kg)をし、同様に測定した。
結果を表2に示す。
【0025】
【表2】
Figure 0003947322
【0026】
表2から分かるように、アラキドン酸粉末添加で糖尿病で見られるアラキドン酸不足を補い、インスリン存在下でインスリンの作用が増大される。つまり、インスリンが存在するII型(インスリン非依存型)糖尿病、もしくはインスリン治療中I型(インスリン依存型)糖尿病に有効と言える。
【0027】
実施例4の処方によって調製した錠剤を用いて投与実験を行い、血漿中アラキドン酸量を測定した。
6週齢SDラットにラード、アラキドン酸、またはアラキドン酸とカキ肉エキス含有飼料をそれぞれ投与し、2週間後、血中アラキドン酸量を測定した。
結果を表3に示す。
【0028】
【表3】
Figure 0003947322
【0029】
カキ肉エキスの有無によるアラキドン酸の血中量を比べると、カキ肉エキス含有の方が吸収率がよいことが分かる。
【0030】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、安価に大量生産可能なアラキドン酸含有油脂を含有し、肝ガンなどの肝疾患を実用的かつ有効に予防・治療し得る医薬組成物および健康食品が得られる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition and health food effective for the prevention or treatment of liver cancer, comprising an oil and fat containing a relatively large amount of polyunsaturated fatty acid as an essential component.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Arachidonic acid is a biological precursor of prostaglandins, and recently its pharmacological effect has attracted attention. Arachidonic acid is synthesized in vivo from linoleic acid via γ-linolenic acid and dihomo-γ-linolenic acid. This synthetic arachidonic acid is converted to prostaglandin, and this is considered to be effective. It has been. Therefore, it has been proposed to use arachidonic acid or linoleic acid, which is a biosynthetic raw material, as an active ingredient in medicines and health foods. For example, JP-A-59-62522 proposes that linoleic acid or arachidonic acid is orally administered as a water-soluble composition together with a surfactant and used for the prevention or treatment of digestive system disorders.
[0003]
Although the above-mentioned linoleic acid is contained in a large amount in normal oil and fat foods, its acquisition is easy and the desired effect can be expected by ingestion as food, but arachidonic acid is contained in foods such as fish, meat and eggs in small amounts However, it is difficult to obtain a sufficient amount that can expect the pharmacological effect at low cost. In JP-A-59-62522, purified free fatty acid form of arachidonic acid is used, which is not practical because it is expensive.
[0004]
Recently, research has also been conducted on the relationship between polyunsaturated fatty acids and liver diseases. For example, Pharma Media, Vol. 14 (1996) 148-165 includes arachidonic acid, linoleic acid, and γ-linolene. The effect of supplementation of polyunsaturated fatty acids such as acids on diseases such as cirrhosis and liver cancer or insulin resistance has been shown.
However, such reports have not yet reached the demonstration stage.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In view of such circumstances, the present inventors have conducted intensive research to obtain pharmaceuticals or practical health foods effective for the prevention and treatment of liver cancer. Oils and fats containing a high concentration of arachidonic acid obtained by a microbiological method as disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 2-86789 are suitable for that purpose, and pharmaceutical compositions and health foods containing such oils and fats are practical. As a result, it has been found by the demonstration that its intake is effective for the prevention and treatment of liver cancer, and the present invention has been completed.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the present invention provides, as a first aspect, a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating liver cancer, characterized by comprising arachidonic acid-containing fats and oils, or docosahexaenoic acid-containing fats and oyster meat extracts as essential components. It is to provide.
In addition, the present invention provides, as a second aspect thereof, a health food for preventing and treating liver cancer, characterized by comprising arachidonic acid-containing fats and oils, and further docosahexaenoic acid-containing fats and oyster meat extracts as essential ingredients. To do.
According to the present invention, liver diseases such as liver cancer can be prevented and treated practically and effectively.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The arachidonic acid-containing oil / fat used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but the arachidonic acid-containing oil / fat obtained from a microorganism having an arachidonic acid-producing ability, that is, the arachidonic acid content is 2% by weight or more based on the whole oil / fat. The oil is preferably 10 to 99% by weight, more preferably 20 to 99% by weight. Since the effect cannot be expected if the intake amount of arachidonic acid is too small, the oil or fat has an arachidonic acid content of 2% by weight or more, preferably 10% by weight or more based on the whole pharmaceutical composition or food. Blend in.
[0008]
Such fats and oils containing a relatively high concentration of arachidonic acid, for example, according to the method disclosed in JP-A-63-44891, arachidonic acid-producing bacteria belonging to the genus Mortierella , glucose as a carbon source, It can be obtained by using yeast extract as a nitrogen source, preferably culturing in the presence of soybean oil, and extracting and concentrating the arachidonic acid-containing fraction. Further, according to the method disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2-86789, the Entomofutora (Entomophthora) genus fungi, by culturing in medium supplemented with organic polybasic acids, arachidonic acid is accumulated in high concentration in the cells, By collecting this, mass production can be performed quickly and inexpensively.
[0009]
The pharmaceutical composition and health food of the present invention may be composed of fats and oils containing such a relatively high concentration of arachidonic acid alone or a mixture thereof, or in addition to such arachidonic acid-containing fats and oils, docosahexaene. Acids (hereinafter referred to as DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (hereinafter referred to as EPA), γ-linolenic acid, α-linolenic acid, linoleic acid, oils and fats containing these acids, such as soybean oil, sesame oil, refined fish oil, etc. In addition, vitamins such as d-α-tocopherol, amino acids such as oyster meat extract, and pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, carriers, or seasonings such as sweeteners and spices may be appropriately contained. .
[0010]
In particular, it has been found that by containing DHA together with arachidonic acid, the action of arachidonic acid in the body is promoted, and its utility as a pharmaceutical composition and health food is further improved. In general, a good therapeutic effect can be obtained by adding DHA at a ratio of 0.5 to 1.5 times by weight with respect to arachidonic acid.
[0011]
Moreover, by including an oyster meat extract together with arachidonic acid, both fatty acids and amino acids can be ingested, and further effects can be expected. The arachidonic acid-containing oil and fat and the oyster meat extract can be ingested individually or simultaneously in addition to the mixture. In general, when the oyster meat extract is added at a ratio of 2 to 150 times, preferably 15 to 50 times, by weight ratio to arachidonic acid, better preventive and therapeutic effects can be obtained.
[0012]
The pharmaceutical composition and health food of the present invention can be formed into oils, emulsions, soft capsules, hard capsules, tablets, granules, solid agents, chewable agents, dressings, confectionery and the like by conventional methods. In addition to including all the components in these forms, arachidonic acid-containing oils and fats, docosahexaenoic acid-containing oils and oyster meat extracts, which are each independently combined in various forms, or arachidonic acid-containing oils and fats and docosahexaene A combination of the above-mentioned form containing an acid-containing oil and fat and the above-mentioned form containing a oyster meat extract, such as a kit comprising a tablet containing a soft capsule containing an arachidonic acid-containing oil and docosahexaenoic acid-containing oil and oyster meat extract, or containing an arachidonic acid It can also be made into the form of the kit which consists of a tablet containing the soft capsule containing fats and oils and oyster meat extract. The pharmaceutical composition and health food of the present invention are not limited to humans, and may be a pharmaceutical composition or feed for mammals such as dogs, cats, rats, mice, guinea pigs, monkeys and baboons. It can also be a solid or liquid additive for feed. Such a pharmaceutical composition or feed is also included in the pharmaceutical composition and health food of the present invention.
[0013]
The pharmaceutical composition and health food of the present invention are usually used so that the daily intake of arachidonic acid is 50 to 2,000 mg / day, preferably 400 to 1,000 mg / day, when an adult is an adult. For mammals other than humans, the daily intake of arachidonic acid is 1 to 50 mg / kg, preferably 5 to 10 mg / kg. Thereby, a remarkable preventive / therapeutic effect is obtained for liver cancer and the like.
[0014]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples and experimental examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In the examples, “%” means “% by weight”.
[0015]
Example 1
Soft capsules were produced according to the following formulation according to a conventional method.
Figure 0003947322
[0016]
Example 2
According to the following formulation, a dressing was produced according to a conventional method.
Figure 0003947322
[0017]
Example 3
First, arachidonic acid powder was prepared according to a conventional method according to the following formulation.
Figure 0003947322
[0018]
The solution containing arachidonic acid-containing fats and oils dissolved in ethanol and the rest of the raw materials is mixed, and this solution is mixed, dispersed, adsorbed, heated and dried to remove the solvent, and arachidonic acid powder and did.
Using the arachidonic acid powder thus obtained, a hard capsule was produced according to the following formulation according to a conventional method.
Figure 0003947322
Example 4 Using the arachidonic acid powder prepared in Example 3, a tablet was produced according to the following formulation according to a conventional method.
Figure 0003947322
[0020]
Example 5
A soft gelatin capsule containing arachidonic acid-containing oil and fat and docosahexaenoic acid-containing oil was prepared according to the following formulation according to the following formulation.
Figure 0003947322
Moreover, the tablet containing an oyster meat extract was prepared with the following prescription.
Figure 0003947322
A kit was obtained by combining both agents by PTP packaging.
[0021]
Experimental example 1
The effect on cancer cells was tested using the contents of the soft gelatin capsule prepared by the formulation of Example 1.
AH-130 hepatoma cells were cultured with soft gelatin capsule contents for 24 hours. Dead cells were stained by trypan blue exclusion test to determine% dead cancer cells. In addition, arachidonic acid content in phospholipids of cell membranes and microsomes was measured.
The results are shown in Table 1.
[0022]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003947322
[0023]
From Table 1, it can be seen that adding arachidonic acid to liver cancer cells increases the number of deaths of cancer cells, and also increases the amount of arachidonic acid in phospholipids deficient during liver cancer.
[0024]
Experimental example 2
The improvement of diabetes was tried using the arachidonic acid powder prepared by the formulation of Example 3. Diabetic rats were created by subcutaneous injection of 65 mg / kg streptozotocin using 16-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats (120-130 g). Rats were fed a high fat diet (mainly butter) and half of them were given an arachidonic acid equivalent of 150 mg / week. Four weeks later, insulin sensitivity was examined using an euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp, and fatty acid (%) in liver phospholipid was further measured. In addition, insulin was injected (3 mU / min / kg), and the same measurement was performed.
The results are shown in Table 2.
[0025]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003947322
[0026]
As can be seen from Table 2, the addition of arachidonic acid powder compensates for the arachidonic acid deficiency seen in diabetes and increases the action of insulin in the presence of insulin. That is, it can be said to be effective for type II (insulin-independent) diabetes in which insulin is present or type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes during insulin treatment.
[0027]
Administration experiments were performed using tablets prepared according to the formulation of Example 4, and the amount of arachidonic acid in plasma was measured.
Six-week-old SD rats were administered lard, arachidonic acid, or arachidonic acid and oyster meat extract-containing diet, and two weeks later, the blood arachidonic acid level was measured.
The results are shown in Table 3.
[0028]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003947322
[0029]
Comparing the blood levels of arachidonic acid with and without oyster meat extract, it can be seen that the oyster meat extract contains better absorption.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the pharmaceutical composition and health food which contain the arachidonic acid containing fats and oils which can be mass-produced cheaply and can prevent and treat liver diseases, such as liver cancer, practically and effectively are obtained.

Claims (1)

アラキドン酸含有油脂およびカキ肉エキスを必須成分としてなる、カキ肉エキス含有量が、アラキドン酸含有量に対して、2〜150倍であることを特徴とする肝ガンの予防ないし治療剤。  A prophylactic or therapeutic agent for liver cancer, wherein the oyster meat extract content is 2 to 150 times the arachidonic acid content, comprising arachidonic acid-containing oil and fat and oyster meat extract as essential components.
JP09642999A 1997-08-14 1999-04-02 Pharmaceutical composition and health food containing polyunsaturated fatty acid Expired - Fee Related JP3947322B2 (en)

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