JP3946511B2

JP3946511B2 - Precast member joint and precast member provided with the joint

Info

Publication number: JP3946511B2
Application number: JP2001391377A
Authority: JP
Inventors: ▲昇▼ 田代; 文男天野; 稔森; 英治西堀
Original assignee: Toyo Asano Foundation Co Ltd
Current assignee: Toyo Asano Foundation Co Ltd
Priority date: 2001-12-25
Filing date: 2001-12-25
Publication date: 2007-07-18
Anticipated expiration: 2021-12-25
Also published as: JP2003184493A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本願発明は、トンネル覆工用セグメント、覆工版、舗装版、あるいは貯槽用壁体等のプレキャスト部材について、接合作業の効率化、作業性の向上、プレキャスト部材表面の無欠損化および経済化を図った継手の構造および該継手を備えたプレキャスト部材に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、シールド工法に用いるセグメントの連結方法はボルトによる結合が多い。そのため、ボルトの芯あわせに手間がかかる、ボルトの締結作業が必要である、金物が露出しているため防錆処理が必要である、セグメント内面が平滑でない（内面側に継手ボックスなどが開口している）ため二次覆工が必要である等の欠点がある。
【０００３】
これに対し、継手がセグメント本体に埋設され、内面を平滑にして２次覆工を省略可能とするとともに、ボルト接合を不要とし、組立ての自動化、省力化を図った継手構造が種々開発されている。
【０００４】
シールド工法用のセグメントを周方向に接合するセグメント間継手については、例えば、特開２０００−１２０３９１号公報に、突き合わせたセグメントの継手面どうしをスライドさせることで、一方のセグメントの継手面から突出する雄継手の頭部を他方のセグメントの継手面に形成した雌継手に係合させてセグメントどうしを接合する構造が記載されている。
【０００５】
また、特開２００１−１４６８９５号公報には、それぞれ雌継手を構成する凹溝を形成したセグメントの継手面どうしを突き合わせ、両側に雄継手を構成する楔状の係合部を形成した連結金具を前記凹溝の係合空間にスライド式に係合させてセグメントどうしを締結するとともに、前記連結金具をボルト部材を利用して継手面の端部から継手面に沿って押圧し、連結金具の抜け出しやずれを防止する構造が記載されている。
【０００６】
また、特開平９−６０４８８号公報には、同様のスライド式の継手として、スリットを形成した中空截頭円錐形の雌継手と、頭部を截頭円錐形とした雄継手を係合させ、セグメントの継手面どうしを引き寄せて締結力を導入する構造が記載されている。
【０００７】
この他、特開平８−２９６３９７号公報や特開平１１−２４７５９９号公報には、継手面に沿って連続する断面Ｔ字状の雄継手が断面Ｃ字状の雌継手にスライド式に係合し、両者の接合面を傾斜面とすることで、雄継手の進入に伴いセグメントの継手面どうしを引き寄せて締結力を導入する構造や、その際にセグメントあるいは継手の製作誤差や組立誤差に対処することを目的として面接触する雄継手と雌継手の接触部分を部分接触となるように工夫した構造が記載されている。
【０００８】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
プレキャスト部材どうしの接合において、一般的には製作誤差や組立誤差が生ずるが、特開２０００−１２０３９１号公報記載の継手構造の場合、雌雄の継手の係合においてこれらの誤差を吸収することは困難である。
【０００９】
特開２００１−１４６８９５号公報記載の構造は、ボルト部材によって楔状の連結金具の抜け出しやずれを防止する構造となっているが、継手面に沿ってボルト部材を通すための空間やボルト部材を操作するための空間が必要となり、セグメントの形状が複雑となる他、別部品である連結金具の取扱いやボルト部材の操作など現場作業が面倒である。
【００１０】
特開平９−６０４８８号公報記載の継手構造は、雌継手にスリットを形成したり、さらに継手材とセグメント本体間にクッション材を介在させるなどして、継手材の変形をある程度許容しているが、セグメント間の締結力の確保や継手部の強度の確保の面では必ずしも有利と言えない。
【００１１】
特開平８−２９６３９７号公報記載の継手構造は、セグメントの継手位置に固定された雄継手と雌継手を傾斜面で係合させている構造であり、雄継手の雌継手への進入量に応じて、セグメント間の締結力を増大させることができるが、セグメントや継手に製作誤差や組立誤差があることで、一定の締結力を得ることができない。
【００１２】
すなわち、雄継手と雌継手の接合面間の距離が所定寸法よりわずかでも大きければ、所要の締結力が得られない。逆に、所定寸法よりわずかでも小さければ、過大な締結力を生じさせてセグメントにクラックや欠けなどの重大欠陥を生じさせたり、あるいは雄継手のスライド式の嵌合自体が困難になるなどセグメントの組立てそのものに支障を生じさせることになる。
【００１３】
また、特開平１１−２４７５９９号公報記載の継手構造は、上記特開平８−２９６３９７号公報記載の継手構造の改良に当たるものであり、製作誤差や組立誤差に対処することを目的としているものの、同様に固定された雄継手と雌継手を直接傾斜面で係合させている構造であり、製作誤差や組立誤差に対する根本的な解決とはなっていない。また、セグメント間において十分な締結力を確保することが難しい。
【００１４】
本願発明は、上述のような従来技術における欠点の解消を図ったものであり、継手面においてスライド式に接合されるプレキャスト部材の継手において、製作誤差や組立誤差に関わらず、所定の初期締結力を導入することができ、信頼性の高い接合部を形成し、かつ施工性、経済性にも優れた継手構造を提供することを目的としている。
【００１５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本願の請求項１に係るプレキャスト部材の継手は、接合しようとする一方のプレキャスト部材の継手面から突出するウェブ部および該ウェブ部の先端に形成されるフランジ部を有する雄継手と、接合しようとする他方のプレキャスト部材の継手面に開口し、前記雄継手を前記継手面に沿ってスライド式に収納する溝状凹部の前記継手面側に前記雄継手のフランジ部と面で接する係止部を有する雌継手とを備え、前記雄継手のフランジ部と前記雌継手の係止部との接触面を前記雄継手の進入方向に向かって前記継手面から徐々に離間する傾斜面とすることで、前記雄継手の進入により前記プレキャスト部材間に締結力が作用するようにしたプレキャスト部材の継手において、前記雄継手のフランジ部と前記雌継手の係止部の何れか一方または双方に、前記接触面の一方を構成する楔部材が固定されており、前記楔部材を固定するための固定手段として、所定の前記締結力が得られた時点で、前記楔部材と、該楔部材を固定する前記雄継手のフランジ部もしくは前記雌継手の係止部またはそれらの双方との間の接触面で、一定の滑動抵抗力を得つつ相対移動可能に変形または破損することで前記楔部材の前記雄継手または雌継手に対する固定状態を解く１種または２種以上の固定手段を用いており、前記固定手段の１つが、前記楔部材の一端に形成され前記雄継手または雌継手の端部に折り返した状態で係止され、所定の前記締結力が得られた時点で伸張変形する折曲げ部であることを特徴とするものである。
【００１６】
本願発明の継手は、雌雄の継手がセグメント本体に埋設され、基本的にはプレキャスト部材を押圧しながらスライドさせるだけで、プレキャスト部材どうしの継手による接合を完了することができる自動継手タイプの継手である。
【００１７】
本願発明の継手では、基本的には従来の技術の項で説明した特開平８−２９６３９７号公報や特開平１１−２４７５９９号公報に記載された継手の場合と同様、雄継手をスライドさせて雌継手に係合させて行く際の傾斜面での当接を利用してプレキャスト部材間に締結力を導入するものであるが、この締結面に楔部材を介在させ、該楔部材が、所定の前記締結力が得られた時点で、前記楔部材と、該楔部材を固定する前記雄継手のフランジ部もしくは前記雌継手の係止部またはそれらの双方との間の接触面で、一定の滑動抵抗力を得つつ相対移動可能に変形または破損することで、前記楔部材の前記雄継手または雌継手に対する固定状態を解くことによって過大な締結力の発生を抑止するものである。
【００１８】
すなわち、プレキャスト部材の製作誤差や組立誤差に関わらず、所定の締結力を初期締結力として確実に導入することができる。
また、本発明において、固定手段の１つ（固定手段が１種の場合も含む）は、楔部材の一端に形成され雄継手または雌継手の端部に折り返した状態で係止された折曲げ部であり、所定の締結力が得られた時点で、楔部材の移動が阻害され、楔部材が固定されていた雄継手または雌継手との固定が折曲げ部の伸張変形により解かれ、継手部に所定の初期締結力が導入されることになる。
【００１９】
楔部材は雄継手のフランジ部内面側に固定する場合、雌継手の係止部内面側に固定する場合、および双方に固定する場合の何れにおいても、前記締結力の導入原理は同様であることは言うまでもない。
【００２０】
なお、固定手段が変形するというのは、固定手段を構成する部材、部品あるいは楔部材等の一部等が塑性変形する場合や弾性変形する場合も含まれ、また変形の形態も限定されない。また、固定手段の破損には、破断や破壊が含まれる。
【００２１】
雄継手および雌継手、さらには楔部材の材料としては、金属製、強化プラスチック、セラミックス製等のものが利用でき、その他、必要な強度を有するものであれば、材質は特に限定されない。
【００２２】
請求項２は、請求項１に係るプレキャスト部材の継手において、前記固定手段として、２種以上の固定手段を用いており、前記固定手段の１つが、所定の前記締結力が得られた時点で破断または塑性変形するボルト、ビスまたはピンである場合を限定したものである。
【００２３】
この場合、所定の前記締結力が得られた時点で、ボルト、ビスまたはピンが破断または塑性変形し、楔部材の固定が解かれ、継手部に所定の初期締結力が導入されることになる。
【００２４】
請求項３は、請求項１に係るプレキャスト部材の継手において、前記雄継手のフランジ部の内面に谷型凹部を、前記楔部材の前記谷型凹部に対応する位置に山型凸部とその反対側に空間を確保するための谷型凹部をそれぞれ一列または複数列設け、前記折曲げ部の変形抵抗と前記谷型凹部に間挿されている前記山型凸部の曲げ塑性変形抵抗とによって、前記楔部材が長手方向に所定以上の力で滑動するように、前記雄継手のフランジ部内面に楔部材を装着してある場合を限定したものである。
【００２６】
請求項４は、請求項１に係るプレキャスト部材の継手において、前記固定手段として、２種以上の固定手段を用いており、前記固定手段の１つが、前記楔部材と前記雄継手または雌継手との固定面に形成され、所定の前記締結力が得られた時点で変形または破損する凹凸形状の係合部である場合を限定したものである。
【００２７】
請求項５は、請求項１に係るプレキャスト部材の継手において、前記固定手段として、２種以上の固定手段を用いており、前記固定手段の１つが、前記楔部材の端部と、該楔部材が固定される前記雄継手または雌継手の端部に形成されたストッパーとの間に介在し、所定の前記締結力が得られた時点で変形または破損するスペーサーである場合を限定したものである。
【００２９】
これらのいずれの場合も、前記楔部材が、所定の前記締結力が得られた時点で、前記楔部材と、該楔部材を固定する前記雄継手のフランジ部もしくは前記雌継手の係止部またはそれらの双方との間の接触面で、一定の滑動抵抗力を得つつ相対移動可能に変形または破損することで前記楔部材の前記雄継手または雌継手に対する固定状態を解く１種または２種以上の固定手段を用い、継手部に所定の初期締結力が導入されることになる。
【００３０】
請求項６に係るプレキャスト部材は、継手面に請求項１〜５の何れかに記載のプレキャスト部材の継手の前記雄継手もしくは雌継手または双方を複数設置したものである。
【００３１】
プレキャスト部材として、本願発明は主としてシールド工法用のセグメントを対象としているが、これに限定されず、鉄筋コンクリート構造、鉄骨鉄筋コンクリート構造、鋼コンクリート合成構造、コンクリートを充填した鋼製構造および球状黒鉛鋳鉄構造等の各種構造、各種用途のプレキャスト部材に適用することができる。
【００３２】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本願発明の実施形態を、プレキャスト部材を代表して、全体構造を第１図および第２図に示したシールド工法用の鉄筋コンクリートセグメント（以下「セグメント」という。）を例として説明する。
【００３３】
(1) 全体構造
プレキャスト部材としてのセグメント１に、図１に示すように、セグメント１どうしをトンネル軸方向に連結するリング間継手としての雄継手１１および雌継手２１と、セグメント１どうしをトンネル周方向に連結するセグメント間継手としての雄継手３１および雌継手４１が埋設されており、セグメント１の内面はボルトボックス等の欠損部がなく平滑になっている。
なお、本願発明の対象となるプレキャスト部材の継手は、本実施形態におけるセグメント間継手としての雄継手３１および雌継手４１からなるものである。
【００３４】
セグメント１の組立には、エレクターとシールドジャッキで新設セグメント１ａを既設セグメント１に押圧しながらスライドさせることのみで締結できるため、ボルトによる締結等の作業が不要であり、接合作業の効率化、作業性の向上、作業安全性の向上を図ることができるとともに、ボルトボックスの充填が不要なため経済性の向上も図ることができる（図２参照）。
【００３５】
また、セグメント１の製作誤差や組立誤差を吸収して、安定した一定の初期締結力の確実な導入が可能となり、止水性、真円度の確保に高い信頼性が得られるとともに、組立時にセグメントにクラックや欠けが発生する恐れがない。
【００３６】
(2) 雄継手３１
雄継手３１は、図４に示すように、セグメント１ａに埋設されたアンカー部３２とセグメント１ａの側面（トンネル周方向の継手面）から突出する接合部からなり、接合部はアンカー部３２から連続するウェブ部３３とその先端のフランジ部３４からなる。
【００３７】
接合部のフランジ部３４の内側面には、図３に示すように、折曲げ部５２を有する楔部材５１が平ビス５３等で固定してある。この楔部材５１は雄継手３１の雌継手４１への進入方向前方に厚さが漸減するテーパー状に形成され、その先端に上記折曲げ部５２が形成されている。
【００３８】
なお、雄継手３１は、鋳造、鍛造等による金属製一体成形の他、溶接して製造したものでもよく、また強化プラスチック、セラミックス製のものなどでもよい。また、楔部材５１についても、金属製のものの他、強化プラスチック、セラミックス製のものなどでもよい。
【００３９】
(3) 雌継手４１
雌継手４１は、図４に示すように、セグメント１に埋設されたアンカー部４２とセグメント１の側面（トンネル周方向の継手面）に位置する頭部からなり、頭部はセグメント１の側面に開口し、雄継手３１をスライド式に収納する溝状凹部４３と雄継手３１のフランジ部の内側面に接する係止部４４からなる。
【００４０】
また、本実施形態においては、楔部材５１が雄継手３１側に固定されていることから、雌継手４１の係止部４４が楔部材５１と同じ角度の傾斜面を形成し、楔部材５１が固定された雄継手３１のフランジ部３４が雌継手４１の溝状凹部４３内をスライドしながら進入する際に、この傾斜面によってセグメント１，１ａどうしを引き寄せ、セグメント１，１ａ間に締結力が導入される。
雌継手４１についても、鋳造、鍛造等による金属製のものの他、強化プラスチック、セラミックス製のものなどでもよい。
【００４１】
(4) 接合方法
図４(a) は既設セグメント１の雌継手４１の継手面に設けた雄継手収納用凹部４３に、新設セグメント１ａの雄継手３１の接合部を収納した状態を示している。
【００４２】
図４(b) は図４(a) の状態から新設セグメント１ａをジャッキ（図示せず）により長手方向に押し込み、新設セグメント１ａの雄継手３１が既設セグメント１の雌継手４１に締結された状態を示している。
【００４３】
この接合過程における楔部材５１と雄継手３１のフランジ部３４との位置関係の変化および締結力導入の状態を図５に示す。
【００４４】
図５(a) は、図４(a) の状態から新設セグメント１ａをさらに押し込み、雄継手３１が雌継手４１内の途中まで挿入されているものの、雄継手３１に固定した楔部材５１の傾斜面が雌継手４１の係止部４４の傾斜面には接触していない状態を示す断面図である。
【００４５】
図５(a) の状態から新設セグメント１ａがジャッキによりさらに押し込まれることにより、雄継手３１に固定した楔部材５１の傾斜面と雌継手４１の係止部４４の傾斜面が当接し、新設セグメント１ａの進入に伴って、既設・新設セグメント１，１ａ間の接触面圧力が高まり初期締結力の導入が開始されようとする（図５(b) ）。
【００４６】
もちろん、このとき新設セグメント１ａは所定の位置には未到達になるように、雄継手３１の突出する接合部のセグメント１ａの側面からの突出代が設定されている。
【００４７】
図５(a) の状態から新設セグメント１ａがジャッキによりさらに押し込まれると、既設・新設セグメント１，１ａ間の接触面圧力が高まり初期締結力の導入が開始され、雄継手３１に固定した楔部材５１は、新設セグメント１ａの押し込み量、すなわち雄継手３１の雌継手４１への進入量より少ない移動量で雄継手３１に追随移動しようとする（図５(c) ）。
【００４８】
この場合、平ビス５３は所定の締結力が得られた時点で塑性変形または破断するよう選択されており、それ以上押し込むと、平ビス５３が塑性変形する場合はその変形抵抗力と折曲げ部５２の曲げ伸張抵抗およびせん断抵抗を、平ビス５３が破断する場合は折曲げ部５２の曲げ伸張抵抗およびせん断抵抗を受けながら、楔部材５１が雄継手３１のフランジ部３４との間で滑動し、すわなち楔部材５１が雄継手３１のフランジ部３４より後退した位置で座位して新設セグメント１ａが所定の位置に到達する。
【００４９】
このように楔部材５１を長手方向に一定力以上の力で滑動可能に雄雌継手の締結面の何れかまたは双方（図示の例では雄継手のフランジ３４内面）に装着することによって、セグメントの製作誤差、組立誤差を吸収して一定力の初期締結力を確保することができ、組立時のセグメントのクラックや欠けの発生を防止できるとともに、確実な止水性の確保、真円組立精度の向上を図ることが可能となる。
【００５０】
前述したように、従来技術として挙げた特開平８−２９６３９７号公報や特開平１１−２４７５９９号公報記載の発明では、雄継手、雌継手が新設または既設セグメントに固定して埋設してあるため、雄雌継手締結間の距離が所定寸法よりわずかでも大きければ、所要の初期締結力は得られない。
【００５１】
逆に、所定寸法よりわずかでも小さければ、初期締結力が過大に生じようとしてセグメントにクラックや欠けなどの重大欠陥が生じたり、セグメントの組立そのものに支障が生じることになる。
【００５２】
なお、楔部材５１を雄継手３１に固定する手段としては、図示した実施形態における平ビス５３や小ねじの他に接着剤等でもよく、より高い締結力が必要な場合には、雌継手４１の係止部の傾斜面と楔部材５１の傾斜面との間に摩擦抵抗の高い部材を挟み込んだり、接触面を粗面とすることで対応可能である。
【００５３】
(5) 他の実施形態
図６の実施形態は、図３の構造に対し、雄継手３１のフランジ部３４の内面に凹溝３５を、楔部材５１の凹溝３５に対応する位置に凸条５４を、それぞれ一列または複数列（図示の例では３列）設け、折曲げ部５２の塑性変形抵抗と凹溝３５に間挿されている凸条５４の曲げおよびせん断塑性変形抵抗とによって、楔部材５１が長手方向に所定以上の力で滑動するように、雄継手３１のフランジ部３４内面に楔部材５１を装着した例である。
【００５４】
図７の実施形態は、図３の構造に対し、雄継手３１のフランジ部３４の内面に谷型凹部３６を、楔部材５１の谷型凹部３６に対応する位置に山型凸部５５とその反対側に空間を確保するための谷型凹部５６をそれぞれ一列または複数列（図示の例では一列）設け、折曲げ部５２の変形抵抗と谷型凹部３６に間挿されている山型凸部５５の曲げ塑性変形抵抗とによって、楔部材５１が長手方向に所定以上の力で滑動するように、雄継手３１のフランジ部３４内面に楔部材５１を装着した例である。
【００５５】
図８の実施形態は、雄継手３１の進入方向後端に後端ストッパー部３７を設け、この後端ストッパー部３７と楔部材５１の後端との間に、例えばアルミパイプ５７のように塑性変形能力の大きな円筒部材を設け、図３、図６、図７と同様な折曲げ部（図示省略）の変形抵抗と円筒部材の断面塑性変形抵抗とによって、楔部材５１が長手方向に所定以上の力で滑動するように、雄継手３１のフランジ部３４内面に楔部材５１を装着した例である。
【００５６】
なお、以上説明した図３、図６、図７、図８に示す楔部材５１の固定手段を兼ねた初期締結力導入手段（折曲げ部５２、平ビス５３、凹溝３５と凸条５４、谷型凹部３６と山型凸部５５、ストッパー部３７とアルミパイプ５７など）は、単独で使用してもよいし、任意に組み合わせてもよい。さらに、楔部材５１の固定は雄雌継手の締結面の何れかまたは双方でもよい。
【００５７】
また、以上の実施形態における平ビス５３は、塑性変形するかまたは破断するよう設定したが、平ビス５３用の楔部材５１の孔を進入方向に対して長孔とし、平ビス５３のせん断抵抗の発生を阻止するよう構成してもよい。
【００５８】
なお、図１の実施形態では、紙面に向かってセグメント１の右側継手面上下部に雄継手３１を２個、左側継手面上下部に雌継手４１を２個それぞれ設置した場合を示すが、例えば右側継手面上部に雄継手３１、下部に雌継手４１、左側継手面上部に雌継手４１、下部に雄継手３１というように、セグメントが結合可能なように雄継手３１と雌継手４１とを任意に設置することが可能であることはもちろんである。
【００５９】
以上、本願発明の実施形態を、シールド工法用の鉄筋コンクリートセグメントについて説明したが、前述したように本願発明の適用対象となるプレキャスト部材はこれに限定されず、鉄骨鉄筋コンクリート構造、鋼コンクリート合成構造、コンクリートを充填した鋼製構造および球状黒鉛鋳鉄構造等のセグメントに適用可能であることは勿論、セグメント以外の版状あるいはブロック状の各種プレキャスト部材にも適用可能であり、また接合方向も特に限定されず、プレキャスト部材の用途等に応じ任意である。
【００６０】
【発明の効果】
本願発明の継手では、セグメントの製作誤差や組立誤差を吸収しつつ、安定した一定の初期締結力を導入することができ、止水性、真円度の確保に高い信頼性が得られるとともに、組立時にセグメントにクラックや欠けが発生する恐れがない。
【００６１】
本願発明の継手は、雌雄の継手がセグメント本体に埋設されているタイプであるため、内面を平滑に形成することで二次覆工等を省略することができる。
【００６２】
また、基本的にはプレキャスト部材を押圧しスライドさせるだけで、プレキャスト部材どうしの継手による接合を完了することができ、ボルト等の付属品も不要であり、組立の自動化、省力化が可能であり、作業時間も大幅に短縮でき、作業安全性も高い。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本願発明の継手を、シールド工法に用いられるセグメントに適用した場合の一実施形態を示す透過斜視図である。
【図２】図１の実施形態におけるセグメントの接合の様子を示す透過斜視図である。
【図３】図１の実施形態における雄継手の詳細を示す斜視図である。
【図４】図１の実施形態における雌雄継手の接合手順の概要を示す斜視図（一部透視図）である。
【図５】図１の実施形態における雌雄継手の接合の際の初期締結力の導入原理を示す断面図である。
【図６】初期締結力導入手段としての固定手段の他の例を示す斜視図である。
【図７】初期締結力導入手段としての固定手段のさらに他の例を示す斜視図である。
【図８】初期締結力導入手段としての固定手段のさらに他の例を示す斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
１…セグメント、１ａ…新設セグメント、
１１…雄継手（リング間継手）、１２…アンカー部、１３…突出部、
２１…雌継手（リング間継手）、２２…アンカー部、２３…頭部、
３１…雄継手（セグメント間継手）、３２…アンカー部、３３…ウェブ部、３４…フランジ部、３５…凹溝、３６…谷型凹部、３７…ストッパー部、
４１…雌継手（セグメント間継手）、４２…アンカー部、４３…溝状凹部、４４…係止部、
５１…楔部材、５２…折曲げ部、５３…平ビス、５４…凸条、５５…山型凸部、５６…谷型凹部、５７…アルミパイプ[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a precast member such as a tunnel lining segment, a lining plate, a paving plate, or a wall for a storage tank, for improving the efficiency of joining work, improving workability, making the precast member surface free of defects and making it economical. The present invention relates to a joint structure and a precast member including the joint.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, the segment connection method used in the shield method is often coupled by bolts. For this reason, it takes time to align the bolts, the bolts need to be tightened, the hardware is exposed and rust prevention is required, the segment inner surface is not smooth (the joint box opens on the inner surface side, etc.) Therefore, there is a disadvantage that secondary lining is necessary.
[0003]
On the other hand, various joint structures have been developed in which the joint is embedded in the segment body, the inner surface is smoothed and the secondary lining can be omitted, and bolt joining is not required, and the assembly is automated and labor-saving. Yes.
[0004]
About the joint between segments which joins the segment for shield methods in the circumferential direction, for example, it is projected from the joint surface of one segment by sliding the joint surface of the faced segment in Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2000-120391. A structure is described in which the heads of male joints are engaged with female joints formed on the joint surface of the other segment to join the segments together.
[0005]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-146895 discloses a connection fitting in which joint surfaces of segments each forming a concave groove constituting a female joint are butted and wedge-shaped engaging portions constituting a male joint are formed on both sides. The segments are slidably engaged with the engagement space of the concave groove and the segments are fastened together, and the connecting bracket is pressed along the joint surface from the end of the joint surface using a bolt member. A structure for preventing displacement is described.
[0006]
In addition, in JP-A-9-60488, as a similar sliding joint, a hollow frustoconical female joint having a slit and a male joint having a frustoconical head are engaged, A structure is described in which the joint surfaces of the segments are pulled together to introduce a fastening force.
[0007]
In addition, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-296397 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-247599, a male joint having a T-shaped cross section continuous along the joint surface is slidably engaged with a female joint having a C-shaped cross section. , By making the joint surface of both sides inclined, the structure that draws the joint surfaces of the segments together as the male joint enters and introduces the fastening force, and copes with manufacturing errors and assembly errors of the segments or joints at that time For this purpose, a structure has been described in which the contact portion between the male joint and the female joint that are in surface contact is partially contacted.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In joining the precast members, manufacturing errors and assembly errors generally occur. However, in the case of the joint structure described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-120391, it is difficult to absorb these errors in the engagement of male and female joints. It is.
[0009]
The structure described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-146895 has a structure that prevents the wedge-shaped connecting fitting from coming out or slipping off by the bolt member, but operates the space or bolt member for passing the bolt member along the joint surface. In addition to the complexity of the shape of the segments, field work such as handling of connecting fittings that are separate parts and operation of bolt members is troublesome.
[0010]
The joint structure described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-60488 allows the joint material to be deformed to some extent by forming a slit in the female joint and further interposing a cushion material between the joint material and the segment body. In terms of securing the fastening force between the segments and securing the strength of the joint, it cannot always be said to be advantageous.
[0011]
The joint structure described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-296397 is a structure in which a male joint fixed at a joint position of a segment and a female joint are engaged with each other at an inclined surface, depending on the amount of entry of the male joint into the female joint. Thus, the fastening force between the segments can be increased, but a certain fastening force cannot be obtained due to manufacturing errors and assembly errors in the segments and joints.
[0012]
That is, if the distance between the joint surfaces of the male joint and the female joint is slightly larger than the predetermined dimension, the required fastening force cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if it is slightly smaller than the predetermined dimension, an excessive fastening force may be generated to cause a serious defect such as a crack or a chip in the segment, or the sliding fitting of the male joint itself becomes difficult. The assembly itself will be disturbed.
[0013]
Further, the joint structure described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-247599 is an improvement of the joint structure described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-296397 and is intended to deal with manufacturing errors and assembly errors. This is a structure in which a male joint and a female joint fixed to each other are directly engaged with each other by an inclined surface, and is not a fundamental solution to manufacturing errors and assembly errors. Moreover, it is difficult to ensure a sufficient fastening force between the segments.
[0014]
The present invention is intended to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and in a joint of a precast member joined in a sliding manner on the joint surface, a predetermined initial fastening force is obtained regardless of manufacturing errors and assembly errors. It is an object of the present invention to provide a joint structure that can form a highly reliable joint part and is excellent in workability and economy.
[0015]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The joint of the precast member according to claim 1 of the present application is intended to join a male joint having a web portion protruding from the joint surface of one precast member to be joined and a flange portion formed at the tip of the web portion. A locking portion that opens to the joint surface of the other precast member and contacts the flange portion of the male joint on the joint surface side of the groove-like recess that houses the male joint slidably along the joint surface. A contact surface between the flange portion of the male joint and the locking portion of the female joint is an inclined surface that gradually separates from the joint surface toward the entry direction of the male joint, In the joint of the precast member in which a fastening force is applied between the precast members by the entry of the male joint, either the flange portion of the male joint and the locking portion of the female joint or both A wedge member constituting one of the contact surfaces is fixed to the wedge member, and when the predetermined fastening force is obtained as a fixing means for fixing the wedge member, the wedge member and the wedge member The wedge member is deformed or broken so as to be relatively movable while obtaining a certain sliding resistance force at a contact surface between the flange portion of the male joint and / or the engaging portion of the female joint, or both of them. One or two or more types of fixing means for releasing the fixed state of the male joint or female joint are used , and one of the fixing means is formed at one end of the wedge member and is an end of the male joint or female joint. It is a bent portion that is locked in a folded state and that expands and deforms when a predetermined fastening force is obtained .
[0016]
The joint of the present invention is an automatic joint type joint in which a male / female joint is embedded in the segment body, and basically, the precast member can be joined by simply sliding it while pressing the precast member. is there.
[0017]
In the joint of the present invention, basically, the male joint is slid and the female joint is slid in the same manner as in the joints described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 8-2969797 and 11-247599 described in the section of the prior art. The fastening force is introduced between the precast members by utilizing the contact on the inclined surface when engaging with the joint. A wedge member is interposed on the fastening surface, and the wedge member is When the fastening force is obtained, a certain amount of sliding occurs at the contact surface between the wedge member and the flange portion of the male joint that fixes the wedge member, the engaging portion of the female joint, or both of them. By deforming or damaging the wedge member so as to be relatively movable while obtaining a resistance force, the fixing state of the wedge member with respect to the male joint or the female joint is released, thereby preventing an excessive fastening force from being generated.
[0018]
That is, a predetermined fastening force can be reliably introduced as the initial fastening force regardless of the manufacturing error or assembly error of the precast member.
Further, in the present invention, one of the fixing means (including one type of fixing means) is a bent formed at one end of the wedge member and locked in a state of being folded back at the end of the male or female joint. When the predetermined fastening force is obtained, the movement of the wedge member is hindered, and the fixation with the male or female joint to which the wedge member is fixed is released by the extension deformation of the bent portion, and the joint A predetermined initial fastening force is introduced into the part.
[0019]
Whether the wedge member is fixed to the inner surface side of the flange portion of the male joint, the inner surface side of the locking portion of the female joint, or both, the principle of introduction of the fastening force is the same. Needless to say.
[0020]
Note that the deformation of the fixing means includes a case where a member, a part, a wedge member or the like constituting the fixing means undergoes plastic deformation or elastic deformation, and the form of deformation is not limited. The breakage of the fixing means includes breakage and breakage.
[0021]
As materials for the male joint and the female joint, and the wedge member, those made of metal, reinforced plastic, ceramics, etc. can be used, and the material is not particularly limited as long as it has necessary strength.
[0022]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the joint of the precast member according to the first aspect , two or more types of fixing means are used as the fixing means, and when one of the fixing means obtains the predetermined fastening force. It is limited to bolts, screws or pins that break or plastically deform.
[0023]
In this case, when the predetermined fastening force is obtained, the bolt, the screw or the pin is broken or plastically deformed, the wedge member is fixed, and the predetermined initial fastening force is introduced into the joint portion. .
[0024]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the joint of the precast member according to the first aspect, a valley-shaped concave portion is formed on the inner surface of the flange portion of the male joint, and a mountain-shaped convex portion is opposite to the convex portion at a position corresponding to the valley-shaped concave portion of the wedge member. One or a plurality of rows of valley-shaped recesses for securing a space on the side are provided, and by the deformation resistance of the bent portion and the bending plastic deformation resistance of the mountain-shaped convex portion inserted in the valley-shaped recess, The case where the wedge member is mounted on the inner surface of the flange portion of the male joint is limited so that the wedge member slides with a predetermined force or more in the longitudinal direction.
[0026]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the joint of the precast member according to the first aspect , two or more kinds of fixing means are used as the fixing means, and one of the fixing means includes the wedge member and the male or female joint. The case is an uneven engaging portion that is formed on the fixed surface and deforms or breaks when a predetermined fastening force is obtained.
[0027]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the joint of the precast member according to the first aspect , two or more kinds of fixing means are used as the fixing means, and one of the fixing means includes an end portion of the wedge member and the wedge member. Is limited to the case where the spacer is interposed between the male joint or the stopper formed at the end of the female joint and is deformed or broken when the predetermined fastening force is obtained. .
[0029]
In any of these cases, when the wedge member obtains the predetermined fastening force, the wedge member and the flange portion of the male joint that fixes the wedge member or the locking portion of the female joint or 1 type or 2 types or more which solve the fixed state of the wedge member with respect to the male joint or female joint by deforming or breaking so as to be relatively movable while obtaining a certain sliding resistance force at the contact surface between them Thus, a predetermined initial fastening force is introduced into the joint portion.
[0030]
A precast member according to a sixth aspect is a precast member in which a plurality of the male joints or female joints or both of the joints of the precast member according to any one of the first to fifth aspects are installed on a joint surface.
[0031]
As a precast member, the present invention mainly targets a segment for a shield method, but is not limited thereto, a reinforced concrete structure, a steel reinforced concrete structure, a steel concrete composite structure, a steel structure filled with concrete, a spheroidal graphite cast iron structure, and the like It can be applied to precast members having various structures and various uses.
[0032]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described by taking a reinforced concrete segment (hereinafter referred to as “segment”) for the shield method shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
[0033]
(1) As shown in FIG. 1, a male joint 11 and a female joint 21 as inter-ring joints connecting the segments 1 in the tunnel axial direction and a segment 1 are connected to the segment 1 as a whole structure precast member. A male joint 31 and a female joint 41 as inter-segment joints connected in the direction are embedded, and the inner surface of the segment 1 is smooth without a defective portion such as a bolt box.
In addition, the joint of the precast member used as the object of this invention consists of the male joint 31 and the female joint 41 as an intersegment joint in this embodiment.
[0034]
The assembly of the segment 1 can be fastened simply by sliding the new segment 1a against the existing segment 1 while pressing it with an erector and shield jack. In addition, it is possible to improve the safety and work safety, and it is also possible to improve the economy because it is not necessary to fill the bolt box (see FIG. 2).
[0035]
In addition, the manufacturing error and assembly error of the segment 1 can be absorbed, and a stable and constant initial fastening force can be reliably introduced, and high reliability can be obtained in securing water-stopping and roundness. There is no risk of cracking or chipping.
[0036]
(2) Male joint 31
As shown in FIG. 4, the male joint 31 includes an anchor portion 32 embedded in the segment 1 a and a joint portion protruding from the side surface (joint surface in the tunnel circumferential direction) of the segment 1 a, and the joint portion is continuous from the anchor portion 32. The web portion 33 and the flange portion 34 at the tip thereof.
[0037]
As shown in FIG. 3, a wedge member 51 having a bent portion 52 is fixed to the inner side surface of the flange portion 34 of the joint portion with a flat screw 53 or the like. The wedge member 51 is formed in a tapered shape with a thickness that gradually decreases in the forward direction of the male joint 31 into the female joint 41, and the bent portion 52 is formed at the tip thereof.
[0038]
In addition, the male joint 31 may be manufactured by welding in addition to metal integral molding by casting, forging or the like, or may be made of reinforced plastic or ceramics. Also, the wedge member 51 may be made of reinforced plastic or ceramics in addition to a metal member.
[0039]
(3) Female joint 41
As shown in FIG. 4, the female joint 41 includes an anchor portion 42 embedded in the segment 1 and a head located on the side surface of the segment 1 (joint surface in the tunnel circumferential direction). It consists of a groove-shaped recess 43 that opens and accommodates the male joint 31 in a sliding manner, and a locking portion 44 that contacts the inner surface of the flange portion of the male joint 31.
[0040]
In this embodiment, since the wedge member 51 is fixed to the male joint 31 side, the locking portion 44 of the female joint 41 forms an inclined surface having the same angle as the wedge member 51, and the wedge member 51 When the flange portion 34 of the fixed male joint 31 enters while sliding in the groove-shaped recess 43 of the female joint 41, the segments 1 and 1a are attracted by the inclined surface, and the fastening force is applied between the segments 1 and 1a. be introduced.
The female joint 41 may be made of metal by casting, forging, etc., reinforced plastic, ceramics, or the like.
[0041]
(4) Joining method FIG. 4A shows a state in which the joint of the male joint 31 of the new segment 1a is housed in the male joint housing recess 43 provided on the joint surface of the female joint 41 of the existing segment 1. .
[0042]
4B shows a state in which the new segment 1a is pushed in the longitudinal direction by a jack (not shown) from the state of FIG. 4A, and the male joint 31 of the new segment 1a is fastened to the female joint 41 of the existing segment 1. Is shown.
[0043]
FIG. 5 shows a change in the positional relationship between the wedge member 51 and the flange portion 34 of the male joint 31 and the state of fastening force introduction in this joining process.
[0044]
FIG. 5 (a) shows an inclination of the wedge member 51 fixed to the male joint 31 although the new segment 1a is further pushed in from the state of FIG. 4 (a) and the male joint 31 is inserted partway into the female joint 41. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the surface is not in contact with the inclined surface of the locking portion 44 of the female joint 41. FIG.
[0045]
When the new segment 1a is further pushed in by the jack from the state of FIG. 5 (a), the inclined surface of the wedge member 51 fixed to the male joint 31 and the inclined surface of the locking portion 44 of the female joint 41 come into contact with each other. As 1a enters, the contact surface pressure between the existing and new segments 1 and 1a increases, and the introduction of the initial fastening force is about to start (FIG. 5 (b)).
[0046]
Of course, the protrusion margin from the side surface of the segment 1a of the joint part where the male joint 31 protrudes is set so that the new segment 1a does not reach a predetermined position at this time.
[0047]
When the new segment 1a is further pushed in by the jack from the state of FIG. 5 (a), the contact surface pressure between the existing and new segments 1 and 1a is increased and the introduction of the initial fastening force is started, and the wedge member fixed to the male joint 31 is started. 51 attempts to follow the male joint 31 with a movement amount smaller than the pushing amount of the new segment 1a, that is, the amount of the male joint 31 entering the female joint 41 (FIG. 5 (c)).
[0048]
In this case, the flat screw 53 is selected to be plastically deformed or broken when a predetermined fastening force is obtained. If the flat screw 53 is further deformed when it is pushed further in, the deformation resistance force and the bent portion are selected. When the flat screw 53 breaks, the wedge member 51 slides between the flange portion 34 of the male joint 31 while receiving the bending extension resistance and shear resistance of the bent portion 52 when the flat screw 53 is broken. That is, the wedge member 51 sits at a position retracted from the flange portion 34 of the male joint 31, and the new segment 1a reaches a predetermined position.
[0049]
Thus, by attaching the wedge member 51 to one or both of the fastening surfaces of the male and female joints (in the illustrated example, the inner surface of the flange 34 of the male joint) so as to be slidable with a force of a certain force or more in the longitudinal direction, Absorbs manufacturing and assembly errors to ensure a constant initial fastening force, prevents segment cracking and chipping during assembly, ensures reliable water stop, and improves perfect circle assembly accuracy Can be achieved.
[0050]
As described above, in the invention described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-296397 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-247599 cited as the prior art, the male joint and the female joint are either newly installed or fixed and embedded in an existing segment. If the distance between the male and female joints is slightly larger than the predetermined dimension, the required initial fastening force cannot be obtained.
[0051]
On the other hand, if it is slightly smaller than the predetermined dimension, the initial fastening force is likely to be excessively generated, so that a serious defect such as a crack or a chip occurs in the segment, or the assembly of the segment itself is hindered.
[0052]
The means for fixing the wedge member 51 to the male joint 31 may be an adhesive or the like in addition to the flat screw 53 and the small screw in the illustrated embodiment. When a higher fastening force is required, the female joint 41 is used. This can be dealt with by sandwiching a member having high frictional resistance between the inclined surface of the locking portion and the inclined surface of the wedge member 51, or by making the contact surface rough.
[0053]
(5) Other Embodiments The embodiment of FIG. 6 is different from the structure of FIG. 3 in that the groove 35 is formed on the inner surface of the flange portion 34 of the male joint 31 and the ridge is formed at a position corresponding to the groove 35 of the wedge member 51. 54 are provided in one or a plurality of rows (three rows in the illustrated example), and the wedge 54 is formed by the plastic deformation resistance of the bent portion 52 and the bending and shear plastic deformation resistance of the ridge 54 inserted in the groove 35. In this example, the wedge member 51 is mounted on the inner surface of the flange portion 34 of the male joint 31 so that the member 51 slides in the longitudinal direction with a predetermined force or more.
[0054]
The embodiment of FIG. 7 is different from the structure of FIG. 3 in that the valley-shaped recess 36 is formed on the inner surface of the flange portion 34 of the male joint 31 and the mountain-shaped projection 55 is disposed at a position corresponding to the valley-shaped recess 36 of the wedge member 51. One or more valley-shaped recesses 56 for securing a space on the opposite side are provided, respectively (one row in the illustrated example), and the deformation protrusions of the bent portion 52 and the mountain-shaped protrusions inserted between the valley-shaped recesses 36. In this example, the wedge member 51 is mounted on the inner surface of the flange portion 34 of the male joint 31 so that the wedge member 51 slides with a predetermined force or more in the longitudinal direction by the bending plastic deformation resistance 55.
[0055]
In the embodiment of FIG. 8, a rear end stopper portion 37 is provided at the rear end of the male joint 31 in the approach direction, and a plastic material such as an aluminum pipe 57 is provided between the rear end stopper portion 37 and the rear end of the wedge member 51. A cylindrical member having a large deformation capability is provided, and the wedge member 51 is longer than a predetermined length in the longitudinal direction by the deformation resistance of the bent portion (not shown) similar to that of FIGS. 3, 6, and 7 and the cross-sectional plastic deformation resistance of the cylindrical member. This is an example in which a wedge member 51 is mounted on the inner surface of the flange portion 34 of the male joint 31 so as to slide with the force of.
[0056]
In addition, the initial fastening force introducing means (the bent portion 52, the flat screw 53, the concave groove 35 and the convex strip 54, which also serve as the fixing means of the wedge member 51 shown in FIGS. 3, 6, 7, and 8 described above. The valley-shaped concave portion 36 and the mountain-shaped convex portion 55, the stopper portion 37 and the aluminum pipe 57, etc.) may be used alone or in any combination. Further, the wedge member 51 may be fixed by either or both of the fastening surfaces of the male and female joints.
[0057]
Further, the flat screw 53 in the above embodiment is set so as to be plastically deformed or broken. However, the hole of the wedge member 51 for the flat screw 53 is a long hole in the approach direction, and the shear resistance of the flat screw 53 is set. You may comprise so that generation | occurrence | production of may be prevented.
[0058]
1 shows a case where two male joints 31 are installed on the upper and lower parts of the right joint surface of the segment 1 and two female joints 41 are installed on the upper and lower parts of the left joint surface toward the paper surface. The male joint 31 and the female joint 41 are arbitrarily connected so that the segments can be coupled, such as a male joint 31 at the upper part of the right joint surface, a female joint 41 at the lower part, a female joint 41 at the upper part of the left joint surface, and a male joint 31 at the lower part. Of course, it can be installed in
[0059]
As mentioned above, although the embodiment of the present invention has been described with respect to the reinforced concrete segment for the shield method, as described above, the precast member to which the present invention is applied is not limited to this, but a steel-framed reinforced concrete structure, a steel-concrete composite structure, concrete Of course, it can be applied to segments such as steel structures filled with steel and spheroidal graphite cast iron structures, and can also be applied to various plate-like or block-like precast members other than segments, and the joining direction is not particularly limited. It is optional depending on the use of the precast member.
[0060]
【The invention's effect】
In the joint of the present invention, it is possible to introduce a stable and constant initial fastening force while absorbing manufacturing errors and assembly errors of the segments, and to obtain high reliability in securing water-stopping and roundness, and assembling. Sometimes there is no risk of cracks or chipping in the segments.
[0061]
Since the joint of the present invention is a type in which the male and female joints are embedded in the segment body, secondary lining or the like can be omitted by forming the inner surface smoothly.
[0062]
Also, basically, by simply pressing and sliding the precast members, the joints between the precast members can be completed, and no accessories such as bolts are required, making it possible to automate and save labor. The work time can be greatly shortened and the work safety is high.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a transparent perspective view showing an embodiment in which a joint of the present invention is applied to a segment used in a shield method.
FIG. 2 is a transparent perspective view showing how segments are joined in the embodiment of FIG. 1;
3 is a perspective view showing details of a male joint in the embodiment of FIG. 1. FIG.
4 is a perspective view (partially perspective view) showing an outline of a joining procedure of a male and female joint in the embodiment of FIG. 1. FIG.
5 is a cross-sectional view showing the principle of introducing an initial fastening force when the male and female joints in the embodiment of FIG. 1 are joined.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing another example of fixing means as initial fastening force introducing means.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing still another example of fixing means as initial fastening force introducing means.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing still another example of fixing means as initial fastening force introducing means.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... segment, 1a ... new segment,
11 ... Male joint (inter-ring joint), 12 ... Anchor part, 13 ... Projection part,
21 ... Female joint (inter-ring joint), 22 ... Anchor, 23 ... Head,
31 ... Male joint (intersegment joint), 32 ... Anchor part, 33 ... Web part, 34 ... Flange part, 35 ... Concave groove, 36 ... Valley-shaped recessed part, 37 ... Stopper part,
41 ... Female joint (inter-segment joint), 42 ... Anchor part, 43 ... Groove-shaped recess, 44 ... Locking part,
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 51 ... Wedge member, 52 ... Bending part, 53 ... Flat screw, 54 ... Convex strip, 55 ... Mountain-shaped convex part, 56 ... Valley-shaped recessed part, 57 ... Aluminum pipe

Claims

A male joint having a web portion protruding from the joint surface of one precast member to be joined and a flange portion formed at the tip of the web portion, and opening to the joint surface of the other precast member to be joined, And a female joint having a locking portion in contact with the flange portion of the male joint on the joint surface side of the groove-like recess that slidably accommodates the male joint along the joint surface, and the flange portion of the male joint And the engaging portion of the female joint as an inclined surface gradually separated from the joint surface in the entry direction of the male joint. In the joint of the precast member, the wedge member constituting one of the contact surfaces is fixed to one or both of the flange portion of the male joint and the engaging portion of the female joint. As a fixing means for fixing the wedge member, the wedge member and the flange portion of the male joint for fixing the wedge member when the predetermined fastening force is obtained, or The wedge member is fixed to the male joint or the female joint by deforming or damaging the female joint so as to be relatively movable while obtaining a certain sliding resistance force at a contact surface between the locking portions of the female joint or both of them. One or two or more types of fixing means for unraveling are used , and one of the fixing means is formed at one end of the wedge member and is locked in a folded state at the end of the male joint or female joint. A joint for a precast member, wherein the joint is a bent portion that stretches and deforms when the fastening force is obtained .

2. Two or more types of fixing means are used as the fixing means, and one of the fixing means is a bolt, a screw, or a pin that breaks or plastically deforms when a predetermined fastening force is obtained. Precast member fittings.

One or more valley-shaped recesses are formed on the inner surface of the flange portion of the male joint, and a mountain-shaped protrusion is provided at a position corresponding to the valley-shaped recess of the wedge member. The wedge member is slid with a predetermined force or more in the longitudinal direction by the deformation resistance of the bent portion and the bending plastic deformation resistance of the mountain-shaped convex portion inserted in the valley-shaped concave portion. The joint of the precast member according to claim 1, wherein a wedge member is mounted on the inner surface of the flange portion of the male joint.

Two or more types of fixing means are used as the fixing means, and one of the fixing means is formed on a fixing surface between the wedge member and the male joint or female joint, and a predetermined fastening force is obtained. The joint of a precast member according to claim 1, wherein the joint is a concave-convex shape that deforms or breaks at a time.

Two or more types of fixing means are used as the fixing means, and one of the fixing means is formed at the end of the wedge member and the end of the male or female joint to which the wedge member is fixed. The joint of the precast member according to claim 1, wherein the joint is a spacer that is interposed between the stopper and deforms or breaks when a predetermined fastening force is obtained.

A precast member in which a plurality of the male or female joints or both of the joints of the precast member according to any one of claims 1 to 5 are installed on a joint surface.