JP3944445B2 - Offshore wind power generation facilities - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an offshore wind power generation facility that does not have any problem with seabed topography.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years when natural energy has been used effectively, wind power generation is spreading at a remarkable rate in Japan as a particularly profitable attempt.
Especially in Europe, construction of offshore wind power generation facilities is progressing not only on land but in recent years. Offshore wind power generation, unlike onshore wind power generation, can be expected not only to produce a stable air volume, but also to cause noise, radio waves and other pollution that hinders citizens' lives. Has been.
[0003]
However, up to now, the offshore wind power generation facilities actually operating in Europe are all caisson type (see FIG. 5A), monopile type (see FIG. 5B), and dolphin type (see FIG. 5C). ))), The construction work becomes difficult and the construction cost increases rapidly as the water depth increases. In addition, it will be greatly affected by seafloor geology, and construction is possible in shallow waters up to about 20m in depth, but construction in deeper waters is almost impossible. In addition, 1 in FIG. 5 is a wind power generation facility, the nacelle 1b which incorporated the generator was fixed to the top end part of the tower 1a, and the braid | blade 1c was radially attached to the front-end | tip of this nacelle 1b so that rotation was possible. It is a configuration.
[0004]
Therefore, in Japan, where there are only a few areas with shallow seafloor topography, unlike in Europe, it is difficult to adopt a foundation structure that is constructed on the seabed as in Europe, so there is a tendency to construct wind power generation facilities on the ocean. (For example, refer to Patent Documents 1 to 3).
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent No. 2770449 (first page, FIG. 1)
[Patent Document 2]
JP 2001-165032 A (second page, FIGS. 4 to 6)
[Patent Document 3]
JP 2001-241374 A (pages 2 and 3, FIGS. 1 and 6)
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the offshore wind power generation facilities described in each of the above publications are affected by the collision of wind power generation facilities floating on the ocean, or the relative positional relationship between the wind power generation facilities changes, resulting in a decrease in power generation capacity. In view of the above, since all of the wind power generation facilities are arranged in a rigid state, there are problems as listed below.
[0007]
(1) There is no flexibility in the layout of wind power generation facilities.
(2) Since the floating body becomes large, it is easily affected by waves.
(3) The wind power generation equipment completed on the ground has to be transported to the installation position on the ocean, which requires a lot of labor.
[0008]
In addition, the above-described wind power generation equipment is fixed on the ocean simply by a mooring line (Patent Document 1) or only by hanging a hanging cone (Patent Document 3), and the installation position on the ocean is good. Couldn't keep up.
[0009]
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and solves the above problems by not arranging a plurality of wind power generation facilities in a rigid state, and further wind power generation facilities floating on the ocean The object is to provide an offshore wind power generation facility that does not collide by being swept by waves or changing the relative positional relationship between wind power generation facilities and reducing the power generation capacity.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, an offshore wind power generation facility according to the present invention connects a plurality of floating bodies that stand up and support each wind power generation facility on the ocean with a mooring chain provided with an intermediate sinker in the middle. The appropriate floating body is further connected with a mooring anchor having an anchor at one end and an intermediate sinker in the middle. In this way, installation in the ocean can be easily performed even in deep water, and the wind power generation facilities on the ocean collide by being swept by waves, or the relative positional relationship between the wind power generation facilities changes. Power generation capacity is not reduced.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The offshore wind power generation facility according to the present invention connects a plurality of floating bodies standing and supporting each wind power generation facility on the ocean with a mooring chain provided with an intermediate sinker in the middle, and an appropriate floating body, A mooring anchor with an anchor at one end and an intermediate sinker in the middle is connected.
[0012]
When installing a plurality of wind power generation facilities, a decrease in power generation efficiency due to mutual interference becomes a problem. Generally, it is said that it is necessary to keep a distance of about 10 times the rotor diameter, but the offshore wind power generation facility according to the present invention does not arrange a plurality of wind power generation facilities in a rigid state, but a mooring chain. Therefore, the distance between the floating bodies can be set freely by adjusting the length of the mooring chain.
[0013]
In addition, in the offshore wind power generation facility according to the present invention, transportation to the installation position can be easily performed for each floating body, and since the anchoring on the ocean is by a mooring anchor connected to the mooring chain, in the sea area exceeding 1000 m However, it is easy to install offshore wind power generation facilities without changing the basic concept.
[0014]
In the middle of the mooring chain, an intermediate sinker is provided in a state of being suspended by the mooring chain without touching the seabed. Therefore, tension is always applied to the mooring chain, and each floating body is subjected to severe weather conditions. In this case, it is possible to keep a proper interval and move freely.
[0015]
In the above-described offshore wind power generation facility according to the present invention, when the wind power generation facility supported by one of the floating bodies is replaced with a management facility, the power generated by the plurality of other wind power generation facilities is aggregated. In addition to being able to transmit power to the land at once, it can also function as a disaster prevention center in an emergency.
[0016]
Further, in the offshore wind power generation facility according to the present invention described above, the arrangement of the plurality of floating bodies that respectively stand and support the wind power generation facility on the ocean is not particularly limited, but for example, the sea area where the prevailing wind direction is statistically known For example, when installing on the ocean at a position relatively close to the coastline, for example, by arranging the distance between the connected floating bodies in a straight line and positioning it at right angles to the main wind direction, Efficient power generation is possible in a small installation space. In this case, if a power generation device using wave energy is installed in addition to wind power generation, a more effective power generation system can be obtained.
[0017]
On the other hand, when the installation position is not relatively close to the coastline as described above, the floating body and the mooring anchor, or the floating bodies are arranged so that they are positioned at the vertices of the planar regular triangle, or the planar viewing normal By arranging a plurality of triangular element structures so as to be connected to each other, it becomes easy to achieve a balance when floating on the ocean, and it is possible to easily obtain an optimum width according to the installation area.
[0018]
Further, in the offshore wind power generation facility according to the present invention described above, when the mooring chain provided with the mooring anchor is connected to the outer peripheral side of the floating body located on the outermost periphery, the fixing at the installation position of the offshore wind power generation facility is You can do it effectively.
[0019]
In the offshore wind power generation facility according to the present invention described above, it goes without saying that the specifications of the wind power generation facility and the management facility and the structure and number of the floating bodies that stand and support these facilities are not particularly limited.
[0020]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the offshore wind power generation facility according to the present invention will be described based on the embodiments shown in FIGS.
1 and 2 are diagrams for explaining an example of an offshore wind power generation facility according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating another example of an offshore wind power generation facility according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is an offshore wind power generation according to the present invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the floating body which standingly supports the wind power generation facility which comprises an installation.
[0021]
1 and 2, for example, 1 is a wind power generation facility that is erected and supported by a floating body 2 arranged at each vertex of a regular hexagon, and 3 is erected and supported by a floating body 2 'that is also arranged at the center of the regular hexagon. The adjacent floating bodies 2 or 2 ′ that support the wind power generation facility 1 and the management facility 3 are connected to each other by a mooring chain 5 a provided with an intermediate sinker 4 a in the middle.
[0022]
Reference numeral 6 denotes a mooring anchor connected to one end of a mooring chain 5b provided with an intermediate sinker 4b in the middle. Other than the equilateral triangle that forms one side of the regular hexagon that connects the wind power generation facility 1 to both ends It arrange | positions in the outer peripheral side of the position used as the vertex, ie, the floating body 2 located in the outermost periphery.
[0023]
That is, in the example shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the floating body 2 or 2 ′ and the mooring anchor 6 that vertically support the wind power generation facility 1 or the management facility 3, or the floating bodies 2 or 2 ′ are a regular triangle in plan view. 6 shows an offshore wind power generation facility in which a regular hexagonal shape is formed by six element structures of a regular triangle in plan view arranged so as to be positioned at the apex, and further six regular triangles are arranged on the outer periphery of the regular hexagon.
[0024]
In the offshore wind power generation facility according to the present invention having the configuration as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, it is possible to easily obtain an optimum width according to the installation area in the ocean, and the mooring chain 5a, Due to the action of the intermediate sinkers 4a and 4b suspended without contacting the sea floor by 5b, the floating bodies 2 and 2 'can maintain an appropriate distance even under severe weather conditions.
[0025]
On the other hand, in the example shown in FIG. 3, for example, eight floating bodies 2 in which the wind power generation facility 1 is erected and held are arranged in a straight line, and adjacent floating bodies 2 are connected to the examples shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Similarly, they are connected by a mooring chain 5a provided with an intermediate sinker 4a in the middle. And the mooring chain 5b which connected the mooring anchor 6 to the one end and provided the intermediate sinker 4b in the middle is orthogonal to the mooring chain 5a which connects the said adjacent floating bodies 2 as shown in FIG.3 (b). Connected in the direction.
[0026]
In the offshore wind power generation facility according to the present invention having the configuration as shown in FIG. 3, it is efficient in a narrow installation space by being positioned at right angles to the main wind direction on the ocean relatively close to the coastline. Power generation is possible.
[0027]
In the offshore wind power generation facility according to the present invention, the specifications and number of the wind power generation facility 1 and the management facility 3, and the structure of the floating body 2 or 2 'for standingly supporting these facilities are not particularly limited. For example, as a structure of the floating body 2 for standingly supporting the wind power generation facility 1 provided with the blade 1c rotatably attached to the tip of the nacelle 1b fixed to the top end of the tower 1a, for example, as shown in FIG. The ones shown are suitable.
[0028]
Reference numeral 11 denotes a cylindrical main floating body that is long in the axial direction for standingly supporting the wind power generation facility 1 on the ocean, and its central axis is used to exert an excellent effect in suppressing horizontal movement and inclination (rotation) due to waves. For example, it is attached coaxially with the tower 1a so as to be vertical.
[0029]
Reference numeral 12 denotes, for example, eight sub-floating bodies provided so that the upper portion thereof is positioned on the sea in order to compensate for the buoyancy of the main floating body 11 and to suppress the restoring force against rotation and inclination caused by waves. A truss 13 is integrally attached to the main floating body 11 so as to surround the main floating body 11 at equal angular positions on the same radius with the floating body 11 as the center.
[0030]
The floating body 2 composed of such components is a combination of the main floating body 11 and the sub-floating body 12 so that the lower part of the main floating body 11 in a state where the wind power generation facility 1 is supported upright with the sub-floating body 12 is submerged in the sea. By determining the buoyancy, the center of gravity is lowered to ensure the restoring force so that the wind power generation facility 1 does not fall over the ocean, and the structure is configured to suppress fluctuating buoyancy and shaking caused by waves and wind.
[0031]
In addition to the main floating body 11 and the secondary floating body 12 described above, the floating body 2 shown in FIG. 4 further includes a first vibration suppression plate 14, a second vibration suppression plate 15, a large inclination control mechanism 16, and a vibration described below. The thing to which the control wing | blade 17 was attached is shown.
[0032]
Reference numeral 14 denotes a first anti-vibration stop plate having a disk shape larger in diameter than the cross section of the main floating body 11, and is installed horizontally on the draft portion below the draft line of the main floating body 11, for example, the bottom surface. And the suppression effect with respect to the vertical motion and inclination (rotation) by a wave can be further improved by this 1st anti-vibration stop plate 14. FIG.
[0033]
Reference numeral 15 denotes a ring-shaped second vibration restraining plate attached to, for example, the draft line position of the sub-floating body 12, and is attached to the sub-floating body 12 at the draft line position, for example, in an external fitting shape. By providing the second anti-sway plate 15, it is possible to further suppress the inclination (rotation) caused by the waves.
[0034]
Reference numeral 16 denotes a large inclination control mechanism composed of, for example, two inclination suppressing members installed so as to be movable at a position above the draft line of the floating body 2, and shown in FIG. As described above, the wind power generation facility 1 that is positioned on the circumference and held upright on the ocean is balanced.
[0035]
In this state, for example, when the wind blows from north to south, the wind power generation facility 1 is inclined toward the south in the above-described state. Therefore, the inclination suppressing member of the large inclination control mechanism 16 Move to the north to balance. At this time, it is not necessary to move the two tilt suppression members until they are both located at the true north position, and they may be moved to the north side from the line connecting the east and west to the position where the tilt is prevented.
[0036]
Reference numeral 17 denotes, for example, an anti-swaying blade installed on the outer peripheral part (the outer peripheral part of the second anti-sway stop plate 15) at the draft line position of all the sub-floating bodies 12 constituting the floating body 2. When the floating body 2 is shaken, seawater is freely Each is provided at an appropriate interval so that it can pass through.
[0037]
The floating-type wind power generation facility according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and even if it corresponds only to the invention according to each claim, there is an effect corresponding to the configuration of the invention according to each claim. Needless to say. Further, appropriate modifications are optional within the technical scope of the invention according to each claim.
[0038]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the offshore wind power generation facility according to the present invention, a plurality of wind power generation facilities are not arranged in a rigid state, but are connected with a mooring chain. The anchor is connected to the mooring chain, and an intermediate sinker is provided in the middle of the mooring chain, so that it can be easily installed offshore in deep waters, and each floating body has severe weather conditions. In this case, an appropriate interval is maintained, and the relative positional relationship between the wind power generation facilities does not change to reduce the power generation capacity.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view of an offshore wind power generation facility according to the present invention.
2A is a view of the AA portion of FIG. 1 viewed from the side, and FIG. 2B is a view of the BB portion of FIG. 1 viewed from the side.
FIGS. 3A and 3B are diagrams showing another example of an offshore wind power generation facility according to the present invention, where FIG. 3A is a diagram viewed from a side surface, and FIG. 3B is a diagram viewed from a plane.
4A is a schematic explanatory view of a floating body that stands and supports a wind power generation facility that constitutes an offshore wind power generation facility according to the present invention, and FIG. 4B is a schematic explanatory view viewed from the side. .
FIGS. 5A and 5B are explanatory diagrams of a foundation structure of an offshore wind power generation apparatus in a submarine installation type, where FIG. 5A is a caisson type, FIG. 5B is a monopile type, and FIG. 5C is a view showing a dolphin type.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wind power generation facility 2 Floating body 2 'Floating body 3 Management facility 4a Intermediate sinker 4b Intermediate sinker 5a Mooring chain 5b Mooring chain 6 Mooring anchor

Claims (5)

A number of floating bodies that support each wind power generation facility on the ocean are connected by a mooring chain with an intermediate sinker in the middle, and a mooring anchor at one end and an intermediate anchor in the middle. Offshore wind power generation facility characterized by connecting mooring chains with sinkers. The offshore wind power generation facility according to claim 1, wherein the wind power generation facility supported by one of the floating bodies is replaced with a management facility. The offshore wind power generation facility according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the connected floating bodies are arranged linearly. 2. The floating body and a mooring anchor, or the floating bodies are arranged so as to be positioned at the apexes of the regular triangle in plan view, or arranged so as to connect a plurality of element structures of the regular triangle in plan view. Or the offshore wind power generation facility of 2 description. The offshore wind power generation facility according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a mooring chain having a mooring anchor at one end is connected to an outer peripheral side of a floating body located on the outermost periphery.

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