JP2004176626A - Offshore wind power generation facility - Google Patents

Offshore wind power generation facility Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004176626A
JP2004176626A JP2002343709A JP2002343709A JP2004176626A JP 2004176626 A JP2004176626 A JP 2004176626A JP 2002343709 A JP2002343709 A JP 2002343709A JP 2002343709 A JP2002343709 A JP 2002343709A JP 2004176626 A JP2004176626 A JP 2004176626A
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power generation
wind power
generation facility
mooring
offshore wind
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JP3944445B2 (en
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Mitsuo Takada
美津雄 高田
Mitsunori Murakami
光功 村上
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Hitachi Zosen Corp
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Hitachi Zosen Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
    • B63B2021/505—Methods for installation or mooring of floating offshore platforms on site
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/4433—Floating structures carrying electric power plants
    • B63B2035/446—Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting wind energy into electric energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an offshore wind power generation facility which can be placed on the ocean easily even in a deep sea area, which keeps respective floating bodies moderately apart from one another even under severe weather and ocean conditions, and which prevents the power generating capacity from being reduced when the relative positional relationship between wind power generation equipments is changed. <P>SOLUTION: A plurality of floating bodies 2 which respectively support the wind power generation equipments 1 or the floating body 2' which supports a control equipment 3 are connected to one another by means of mooring chains 5a each having an intermediate sinker 4a in the middle of the chain. The floating bodies 2 positioned at the outermost location are further connected to mooring anchors 6 at their one ends by means of mooring chains 5b each having an intermediate sinker 4b in the middle of the chain. The floating bodies 2 and 2' or the floating bodies 2 and the mooring anchors 6 are arranged to connect a plurality of element structures of plan view equilateral triangles. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、海底地形を全く問題にしない洋上風力発電設備に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
自然エネルギーの効果的利用が図られている昨今、風力発電は特に採算性のある試みであるとして我国においても目覚ましい勢いで普及している。
特に欧州においては、陸上だけでなく、近年は洋上風力発電施設の建設が進んでいる。洋上での風力発電は、陸上での風力発電とは異なり、安定的な風量が期待できるばかりか、騒音や電波他市民生活に支障となる公害の原因とならないので、今後、大幅な普及が期待されている。
【０００３】
しかしながら、これまで、欧州で実際に稼動している洋上風力発電施設は、何れもケーソン式（図５（ａ）参照）、モノパイル式（図５（ｂ）参照）、ドルフィン式（図５（ｃ）参照）といった海底に設置する形式であることから、水深が増すにつれて建設作業が困難になって施工費用も急激に増加する。加えて、海底地質の影響を大きく受けることになり、水深が２０ｍ程度までの遠浅の水域では建設が可能であるものの、それ以上の水深の海域での建設は殆ど不可能である。なお、図５中の１は風力発電施設であり、タワー１ａの頂端部に発電機を内蔵したナセル１ｂを固定し、このナセル１ｂの先端にブレード１ｃを回転が自在なように放射状に取付けた構成である。
【０００４】
そこで、欧州と異なり遠浅の海底地形を備えた地域がわずかである我国では、欧州と同様の海底に建設する形式の基礎構造を採用し難いことから、洋上に風力発電施設を建設しようとする傾向が窺える（例えば特許文献１〜３参照。）。
【０００５】
【特許文献１】
特許第２７７０４４９号公報（第１頁、図１）
【特許文献２】
特開２００１−１６５０３２号公報（第２頁、図４〜６）
【特許文献３】
特開２００１−２４１３７４号公報（第２〜３頁、図１、図６）
【０００６】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記の各公報に記載された洋上風力発電設備は、洋上に浮かせた風力発電施設同士が波によって流されて衝突したり、風力発電施設同士の相対位置関係が変化して発電能力が低下する等を考慮し、何れも複数の風力発電施設をリジッド（ｒｉｇｉｄ ）な状態に配置した構成であることから、以下に列挙するような問題がある。
【０００７】
▲１▼ 風力発電施設の配置に柔軟性がない。
▲２▼ 浮体が大きくなることから、波浪による影響を受けやすい。
▲３▼ 地上で完成させた風力発電設備を洋上の設置位置まで搬送しなければならず、その搬送に大きな労力を要する。
【０００８】
加えて、上記の風力発電設備の洋上での固定は、単に、係留索によって行うもの（特許文献１）や、垂錐を吊り下げるだけ（特許文献３）であり、洋上での設置位置を良好に保つことはできなかった。
【０００９】
本発明は、上記した問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、複数の風力発電施設の配置をリジッドな状態に行わないことで上記の問題点を解決し、しかも、洋上に浮かせた風力発電施設同士が波によって流されて衝突したり、風力発電施設同士の相対位置関係が変化して発電能力を低下させることのない洋上風力発電設備を提供することを目的としている。
【００１０】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の目的を達成するために、本発明に係る洋上風力発電設備は、洋上において夫々の風力発電施設を立設支持する複数の浮体同士を、途中に中間シンカーを設けた係留チェーンで連結すると共に、適宜の浮体には、更に、一方端に係留アンカーを、途中に中間シンカーを設けた係留チェーンを繋いだこととしている。そして、このようにすることで、深い海域においても洋上での設置が容易に行え、しかも、洋上の風力発電施設が波によって流されて衝突したり、風力発電施設同士の相対位置関係が変化して発電能力を低下させることもない。
【００１１】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に係る洋上風力発電設備は、洋上において夫々の風力発電施設を立設支持する複数の浮体同士を、途中に中間シンカーを設けた係留チェーンで連結すると共に、適宜の浮体には、更に、一方端に係留アンカーを、途中に中間シンカーを設けた係留チェーンを繋いだものである。
【００１２】
複数の風力発電施設を設置する場合、相互干渉による発電効率の低下が問題となる。一般には、ロータ径の１０倍程度の距離を保つ必要があるとされているが、本発明に係る洋上風力発電設備は、複数の風力発電施設をリジッドな状態に配置するのではなく、係留チェーンで連結する柔な構成であるので、係留チェーンの長さを調整することで、浮体間の距離を自由に設定することができる。
【００１３】
また、本発明に係る洋上風力発電設備では、設置位置までの搬送は各浮体ごとに容易に行え、また、洋上での固定も係留チェーンに繋いだ係留アンカーによるので、１０００ｍを超えるような海域においても、基本的な概念を変更することなく、洋上風力発電設備の設置が容易に行える。
【００１４】
そして、その係留チェーンの途中には、海底に接することなく係留チェーンにより懸垂された状態に中間シンカーを設けているので、係留チェーンには常に張力が付与され、各浮体は厳しい気象海象条件のもとにおいても適度な間隔を保ち、かつ、自由な運動が可能になる。
【００１５】
上記の本発明に係る洋上風力発電設備において、前記浮体の一つが立設支持する風力発電施設を、管理施設に替えた場合には、他の複数の風力発電施設により発電された電力を集約して、一括して陸上に送電することができるようになるのみならず、非常時には防災センターとしても機能させることができるようになる。
【００１６】
また、上記の本発明に係る洋上風力発電設備において、風力発電施設を洋上において夫々立設支持する複数の浮体の配置は特に限定するものではないが、例えば、卓越風向が統計的に既知の海域、例えば、海岸線に比較的近い位置での洋上に設置する場合には、例えば連結した浮体間の距離を短くして直線状に配置し、風の主方向に対して直角に位置させることにより、狭い設置スペースで効率の良い発電が可能になる。この場合、風力発電に加えて波エネルギーによる発電装置を装着すれば、より効果的な発電システムとなる。
【００１７】
一方、設置位置が上記のような海岸線に比較的近い位置ではない場合には、浮体と係留アンカー、又は、浮体同士が平面視正三角形の頂点に位置するように配置、若しくは、前記平面視正三角形の要素構造を複数個連結するように配置することで、洋上に浮かべた際のバランスが取りやすくなり、また、設置面積に応じて最適広さのものを容易に得ることができる。
【００１８】
また、上記の本発明に係る洋上風力発電設備において、係留アンカーを備えた係留チェーンを、最外周に位置する浮体の外周側に繋いだ場合には、洋上風力発電設備の設置位置での固定が効果的に行なえるようになる。
【００１９】
上記の本発明に係る洋上風力発電設備において、風力発電施設や管理施設の仕様やこれらの施設を立設支持する浮体の構造や数は特に限定されるものでないことは言うまでもない。
【００２０】
【実施例】
以下、本発明に係る洋上風力発電設備を図１〜図４に示す実施例に基づいて説明する。
図１及び図２は本発明に係る洋上風力発電設備の一例を説明する図、図３は本発明に係る洋上風力発電設備の他の例を示す図、図４は本発明に係る洋上風力発電設備を構成する風力発電施設を立設支持する浮体の一例を示す図である。
【００２１】
図１及び図２において、１は例えば正六角形の各頂点に配置された浮体２に立設支持された風力発電施設、３は同じく正六角形の中心位置に配置された浮体２’に立設支持された管理施設であり、これら風力発電施設１、管理施設３を立設支持した隣合う浮体２又２’は同士を、途中に中間シンカー４ａを設けた係留チェーン５ａで連結している。
【００２２】
６は途中に中間シンカー４ｂを設けた係留チェーン５ｂの一方端に繋がれた係留アンカーであり、両端に風力発電施設１を繋いだ前記正六角形の一辺をその一辺として形成する正三角形の他の頂点となる位置、すなわち、最外周に位置する浮体２の更に外周側に配置されている。
【００２３】
すなわち、図１及び図２に示した例は、風力発電施設１或いは管理施設３を立設支持する浮体２或いは２’と係留アンカー６、又は、前記浮体２或いは２’同士が平面視正三角形の頂点に位置するように配置した平面視正三角形の要素構造を６個で正六角形を形成し、この正六角形の外周に更に６個の正三角形を配した洋上風力発電設備を示している。
【００２４】
この図１及び図２に示したような構成の本発明に係る洋上風力発電設備では、海洋での設置面積に応じて最適広さのものを容易に得ることができ、また、係留チェーン５ａ，５ｂにより海底に接することなく懸垂された中間シンカー４ａ，４ｂの作用で、各浮体２及び２’は厳しい気象海象条件のもとにおいても適度な間隔を保持できるようになる。
【００２５】
一方、図３に示した例は、風力発電施設１を立設保持した浮体２を例えば８基直線状に配置したもので、隣合う浮体２同士を、図１及び図２に示した例と同様、途中に中間シンカー４ａを設けた係留チェーン５ａで連結している。そして、一方端に係留アンカー６を繋ぎ、その途中に中間シンカー４ｂを設けた係留チェーン５ｂを、図３（ｂ）に示すように、前記隣合う浮体２同士を連結する係留チェーン５ａと直交する方向に繋いでいる。
【００２６】
この図３に示したような構成の本発明に係る洋上風力発電設備では、海岸線に比較的近い位置での洋上において、風の主方向に対して直角に位置させることにより、狭い設置スペースで効率の良い発電が可能になる。
【００２７】
本発明に係る洋上風力発電設備においては、風力発電施設１や管理施設３の仕様や数、及び、これらの施設を立設支持する浮体２或いは２’の構造は特に限定されるものではないが、例えばタワー１ａの頂端部に固定されたナセル１ｂの先端に回転が自在なように取付けられたブレード１ｃを備えた風力発電施設１を立設支持する浮体２の構造としては、例えば図４に示したものが適している。
【００２８】
１１は前記風力発電施設１を洋上に立設支持する軸方向に長い円筒状の主浮体であり、波浪による水平動と傾斜（回転）の抑制に優れた効果を発揮させるべく、その中心軸が鉛直となるように、例えば前記タワー１ａと同軸心に取り付けられている。
【００２９】
１２は前記主浮体１１の浮力を補うと共に、波浪による回転及び傾斜に対する復元力を抑制させるために、その上方部分が海上に位置すべく設けられた例えば８個の従浮体であり、例えば前記主浮体１１を中心とする同一半径上の等角度位置に、主浮体１１を囲繞するようにトラス１３によって主浮体１１と一体的に取り付けられている。
【００３０】
このような構成要素からなる浮体２は、従浮体１２とで風力発電施設１を立設支持した状態の主浮体１１の下方部分が海中に水没するように、主浮体１１と従浮体１２の合算浮力を決定することで、重心を低くして風力発電施設１が洋上で転倒しないように復元力を確保すると共に、波浪や風による変動浮力や動揺を抑制する構造となされている。
【００３１】
図４に示した浮体２は、上記の主浮体１１、従浮体１２の他に、更に以下に説明する第１の動揺制止板１４、第２の動揺制止板１５、大傾斜制御機構１６、動揺制止翼１７を取り付けたものを示している。
【００３２】
１４は主浮体１１の横断面より大径の円盤状をなす第１の動揺制止板であり、主浮体１１の喫水線以下の喫水部分、例えば底面に水平状に設置されている。そして、この第１の動揺制止板１４により、波浪による上下動や傾斜（回転）に対する抑制効果を更に向上させることができるようになる。
【００３３】
１５は従浮体１２の例えば喫水線位置に付設したリング状の第２の動揺制止板であり、前記喫水線位置における従浮体１２に例えば外嵌状に取付けられている。この第２の動揺制止板１５を付設することで、波浪による傾斜（回転）をより一層抑制できるようになる。
【００３４】
１６は浮体２の喫水線より上方位置に、移動が可能なように設置した例えば２基の傾斜抑制部材からなる大傾斜制御機構であり、無風状態の際には、例えば図４（ａ）に示したように円周上の対向位置に位置せしめ、洋上に立設保持した風力発電施設１のバランスをとる。
【００３５】
そして、この状態で例えば北から南に向けて風が吹いた場合には、前記した状態のままでは風力発電施設１は南に向かって傾くことになるので、大傾斜制御機構１６の傾斜抑制部材を北側に移動させてバランスをとる。この際、２基の傾斜抑制部材が共に真北の位置にくるまで移動させる必要はなく、東西を結ぶ線より北側に、傾きを防ぐ位置まで移動させればよい。
【００３６】
１７は例えば浮体２を構成する全ての従浮体１２の喫水線位置における外周部（第２の動揺制止板１５の外周部）に設置した動揺制止翼であり、浮体２が動揺した時には海水が自由に通過できるように、夫々が適当な間隔を存して設けられている。
【００３７】
本発明に係る浮体式風力発電設備は上記した実施例に限るものではなく、各請求項に係る発明にのみ該当するものであっても、各請求項に係る発明の構成相応の作用効果を奏することは言うまでもない。また、各請求項に係る発明の技術的範囲内であれば、適宜の変更は任意である。
【００３８】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明に係る洋上風力発電設備によれば、複数の風力発電施設をリジッドな状態に配置するのではなく、係留チェーンで連結する柔な構成であり、また、洋上での固定も係留チェーンに繋いだ係留アンカーにより、その係留チェーンの途中には中間シンカーを設けているので、深い海域においても洋上での設置が容易に行え、しかも、各浮体は厳しい気象海象条件のもとにおいても適度な間隔を保ち、風力発電施設同士の相対位置関係が変化して発電能力を低下させることもない。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明に係る洋上風力発電設備の平面から見た図である。
【図２】（ａ）は図１のＡ−Ａ部を側面から見た図、（ｂ）は図１のＢ−Ｂ部を側面から見た図である。
【図３】本発明に係る洋上風力発電設備の他の例を示す図で、（ａ）は側面から見た図、（ｂ）は平面から見た図である。
【図４】（ａ）は本発明に係る洋上風力発電設備を構成する風力発電施設を立設支持する浮体を平面から見た概略説明図、（ｂ）は側面から見た概略説明図である。
【図５】海底設置形式における洋上風力発電装置の基礎構造物の説明図で、（ａ）はケーソン式、（ｂ）はモノパイル式、（ｃ）はドルフィン式を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 風力発電施設
２ 浮体
２’ 浮体
３ 管理施設
４ａ 中間シンカー
４ｂ 中間シンカー
５ａ 係留チェーン
５ｂ 係留チェーン
６ 係留アンカー[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an offshore wind power generation facility that does not make the seabed topography a problem at all.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Nowadays, effective use of renewable energy is being pursued, and wind power generation has been spreading remarkably in Japan as a particularly profitable attempt.
Especially in Europe, construction of offshore wind power generation facilities is progressing in recent years, not only on land. Unlike wind power generation on land, offshore wind power generation is not only expected to have a stable air volume, but also does not cause noise or radio waves and other pollution that hinders the lives of citizens. Have been.
[0003]
However, the offshore wind power generation facilities actually operating in Europe have been caisson type (see FIG. 5A), monopile type (see FIG. 5B), and dolphin type (see FIG. 5C). )), The construction work becomes difficult as the water depth increases, and the construction cost increases sharply. In addition, it is greatly affected by the seafloor geology, and construction is possible in a shallow water area with a water depth up to about 20 m, but construction in a sea area with a water depth higher than that is almost impossible. In FIG. 5, reference numeral 1 denotes a wind power generation facility, in which a nacelle 1b having a built-in generator is fixed to the top end of the tower 1a, and a blade 1c is radially attached to the tip of the nacelle 1b so as to be freely rotatable. Configuration.
[0004]
Therefore, unlike Europe, where there are only a few areas with shallow seafloor topography, it is difficult to adopt a foundation structure that is constructed on the seabed similar to Europe, so there is a tendency to build wind power facilities offshore (See, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3).
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent No. 2770449 (page 1, FIG. 1)
[Patent Document 2]
JP 2001-165032 A (Page 2, FIGS. 4 to 6)
[Patent Document 3]
JP-A-2001-241374 (pages 2-3, FIGS. 1 and 6)
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the offshore wind power generation facilities described in each of the above publications, the wind power generation facilities floating on the ocean are hit by waves and collide with each other, or the relative positional relationship between the wind power generation facilities is changed, and the power generation capacity is reduced. In view of the above, all have a configuration in which a plurality of wind power generation facilities are arranged in a rigid state, and thus have the following problems.
[0007]
(1) There is no flexibility in the arrangement of wind power generation facilities.
(2) Since the floating body is large, it is easily affected by waves.
(3) The wind power generation facilities completed on the ground must be transported to the offshore installation location, which requires a great deal of labor.
[0008]
In addition, the above-mentioned fixing of the wind power generation facilities at sea is simply performed by mooring ropes (Patent Literature 1) or hanging a pyramid (Patent Literature 3). Couldn't keep up.
[0009]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and solves the above-mentioned problems by not arranging a plurality of wind power generation facilities in a rigid state, and furthermore, a wind power generation facility floating on the ocean An object of the present invention is to provide an offshore wind power generation facility that does not collide with each other due to waves and does not reduce the power generation capacity due to a change in the relative positional relationship between the wind power generation facilities.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, an offshore wind turbine according to the present invention connects a plurality of floating bodies standing and supporting respective wind turbines on the sea with a mooring chain provided with an intermediate sinker in the middle. An appropriate floating body is further connected to a mooring chain provided with a mooring anchor at one end and an intermediate sinker in the middle. In this way, installation on the ocean can be easily performed even in deep sea areas, and the offshore wind power generation facilities are swept away by waves and collide, and the relative positional relationship between the wind power generation facilities changes. It does not lower the power generation capacity.
[0011]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The offshore wind power generation equipment according to the present invention, while connecting a plurality of floating bodies standing and supporting each wind power generation facility on the sea with a mooring chain provided with an intermediate sinker in the middle, the appropriate floating body further, The mooring anchor is connected at one end to a mooring chain provided with an intermediate sinker in the middle.
[0012]
When installing a plurality of wind power generation facilities, there is a problem that power generation efficiency is reduced due to mutual interference. Generally, it is necessary to maintain a distance of about 10 times the rotor diameter. However, the offshore wind power generation facility according to the present invention does not dispose a plurality of wind power generation facilities in a rigid state, but instead uses a mooring chain. , The distance between the floating bodies can be freely set by adjusting the length of the mooring chain.
[0013]
Further, in the offshore wind power generation equipment according to the present invention, the transportation to the installation position can be easily performed for each floating body, and since the anchoring on the ocean is also performed by the mooring anchor connected to the mooring chain, in the sea area exceeding 1000 m. However, installation of offshore wind power generation facilities can be easily performed without changing the basic concept.
[0014]
And, in the middle of the mooring chain, an intermediate sinker is provided in a state suspended by the mooring chain without touching the seabed, so tension is always applied to the mooring chain, and each floating body is subject to severe weather and sea conditions. In this case, an appropriate interval can be maintained and free movement can be performed.
[0015]
In the above-mentioned offshore wind power generation facility according to the present invention, when the wind power generation facility that one of the floating bodies supports upright is replaced with a management facility, the power generated by the other plurality of wind power generation facilities is aggregated. As a result, not only can power be transmitted to land collectively, but also it can function as a disaster prevention center in an emergency.
[0016]
Further, in the above-described offshore wind power generation facility according to the present invention, the arrangement of the plurality of floating bodies that respectively support the wind power generation facility standing offshore is not particularly limited, but, for example, in a sea area where the prevailing wind direction is statistically known. For example, when installed on the sea at a position relatively close to the coastline, for example, by shortening the distance between the connected floating bodies, linearly arranging them, and positioning them at right angles to the main direction of the wind, Efficient power generation is possible in a small installation space. In this case, if a power generation device using wave energy is installed in addition to the wind power generation, a more effective power generation system is obtained.
[0017]
On the other hand, when the installation position is not a position relatively close to the coastline as described above, the floating body and the mooring anchor, or the floating bodies are arranged such that they are located at the apexes of the triangle in plan view, or By arranging a plurality of triangular element structures so as to be connected, it is easy to maintain a balance when floating on the sea, and it is possible to easily obtain a structure having an optimum size according to the installation area.
[0018]
Further, in the above-described offshore wind power generation facility according to the present invention, when the mooring chain provided with the mooring anchor is connected to the outer peripheral side of the floating body located at the outermost circumference, fixing at the installation position of the offshore wind power generation facility is not required. Be able to do it effectively.
[0019]
In the above-mentioned offshore wind power generation equipment according to the present invention, it goes without saying that the specifications of the wind power generation facilities and the management facilities and the structure and number of floating bodies that support and stand these facilities are not particularly limited.
[0020]
【Example】
Hereinafter, an offshore wind power generation facility according to the present invention will be described based on an embodiment shown in FIGS.
1 and 2 are diagrams illustrating an example of an offshore wind turbine according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating another example of an offshore wind turbine according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is an offshore wind turbine according to the present invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the floating body which erects and supports the wind power generation facility which comprises an installation.
[0021]
1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a wind power generation facility which is erected and supported on a floating body 2 disposed at each vertex of a regular hexagon, for example, and 3 denotes an erected and supported body on a floating body 2 ′ which is also arranged at the center position of the regular hexagon. The adjacent floating bodies 2 or 2 ′ that support and stand the wind power generation facility 1 and the management facility 3 are connected to each other by a mooring chain 5 a provided with an intermediate sinker 4 a in the middle.
[0022]
Reference numeral 6 denotes a mooring anchor connected to one end of a mooring chain 5b provided with an intermediate sinker 4b in the middle, and another of the equilateral triangle forming one side of the regular hexagon connected to the wind power generation facility 1 at both ends as one side thereof. It is arranged on the position that becomes the top, that is, further on the outer circumference side of the floating body 2 located on the outermost circumference.
[0023]
That is, in the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the floating body 2 or 2 ′ and the mooring anchor 6 that support and support the wind power generation facility 1 or the management facility 3, or the floating bodies 2 or 2 ′ are equilateral triangles in plan view. The figure shows an offshore wind power generation facility in which a regular hexagon is formed by six elementary structures of an equilateral triangle arranged in such a manner as to be positioned at the apex, and six more equilateral triangles are arranged on the outer periphery of the equilateral hexagon.
[0024]
In the offshore wind power generation equipment according to the present invention having the configuration shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an offshore wind power generation facility having an optimum size according to the installation area in the ocean can be easily obtained, and the mooring chains 5 a, By the action of the intermediate sinkers 4a, 4b suspended without touching the seabed by the 5b, the floating bodies 2 and 2 'can maintain an appropriate interval even under severe weather and sea conditions.
[0025]
On the other hand, the example shown in FIG. 3 is one in which eight floating bodies 2 holding the wind power generation facility 1 are erected and arranged in a straight line, for example, and eight floating bodies 2 are adjacent to each other, as shown in FIGS. Similarly, they are connected by a mooring chain 5a provided with an intermediate sinker 4a in the middle. The mooring chain 5b having one end connected to the mooring anchor 6 and the intermediate sinker 4b provided in the middle thereof is orthogonal to the mooring chain 5a connecting the adjacent floating bodies 2 as shown in FIG. 3 (b). Connected in the direction.
[0026]
In the offshore wind power generation equipment according to the present invention having a configuration as shown in FIG. 3, on the offshore at a position relatively close to the shoreline, by being positioned at right angles to the main direction of the wind, efficiency is reduced in a narrow installation space. Good power generation becomes possible.
[0027]
In the offshore wind power generation facility according to the present invention, the specifications and number of the wind power generation facility 1 and the management facility 3 and the structure of the floating body 2 or 2 ′ that supports these facilities are not particularly limited. For example, as a structure of a floating body 2 that erects and supports a wind power generation facility 1 having a blade 1c rotatably attached to a tip of a nacelle 1b fixed to a top end of a tower 1a, for example, as shown in FIG. The ones shown are suitable.
[0028]
Reference numeral 11 denotes an axially long cylindrical main floating body that stands and supports the wind power generation facility 1 on the sea. The central axis of the main floating body 11 is excellent in suppressing horizontal movement and inclination (rotation) due to waves. It is mounted, for example, coaxially with the tower 1a so as to be vertical.
[0029]
Reference numeral 12 denotes, for example, eight sub-floating bodies whose upper portions are provided to be located on the sea in order to supplement the buoyancy of the main floating body 11 and suppress the restoring force against rotation and inclination due to waves. It is integrally attached to the main floating body 11 by a truss 13 so as to surround the main floating body 11 at equal angular positions on the same radius around the floating body 11.
[0030]
The floating body 2 composed of such components is a combination of the main floating body 11 and the sub floating body 12 such that the lower part of the main floating body 11 in a state where the wind power generation facility 1 is erected and supported by the sub floating body 12 is submerged in the sea. By determining the buoyancy, the center of gravity is lowered to secure the restoring force so that the wind power generation facility 1 does not fall on the sea, and the structure is configured to suppress the fluctuating buoyancy and sway due to waves and wind.
[0031]
The floating body 2 shown in FIG. 4 includes, in addition to the main floating body 11 and the subordinate floating body 12, a first sway stop plate 14, a second sway stop plate 15, a large tilt control mechanism 16, and a sway described below. The figure shows a state in which the stopping wings 17 are attached.
[0032]
Reference numeral 14 denotes a first rocking stop plate having a disk shape larger in diameter than the cross section of the main floating body 11, and is installed horizontally on a draft portion below the water line of the main floating body 11, for example, on the bottom surface. Further, the effect of suppressing the vertical movement and the inclination (rotation) due to the waves can be further improved by the first fluctuation stopping plate 14.
[0033]
Reference numeral 15 denotes a ring-shaped second swinging stop plate attached to, for example, a waterline position of the sub-floating body 12, and is attached to the sub-floating body 12 at the waterline position, for example, in an outer fitting shape. By providing the second rocking stop plate 15, the inclination (rotation) due to the waves can be further suppressed.
[0034]
Reference numeral 16 denotes a large tilt control mechanism including, for example, two tilt suppression members movably installed at a position above the waterline of the floating body 2, and shown in, for example, FIG. As described above, the wind turbine generator 1 is positioned at the opposing position on the circumference, and balances the wind power generation facility 1 standing and held offshore.
[0035]
In this state, for example, when the wind blows from north to south, the wind power generation facility 1 is tilted to the south in the above-mentioned state. To the north to balance. At this time, it is not necessary to move the two inclination suppressing members until they are both at the position of true north, but it is sufficient to move the two members to the position north of the line connecting east and west to the position where the inclination is prevented.
[0036]
Reference numeral 17 denotes a sway-stopping wing installed on the outer peripheral portion (outer-peripheral portion of the second sway-stop plate 15) of the waterline position of all the sub-floats 12 constituting the floating body 2, for example. When the floating body 2 is swayed, seawater is free. Each is provided at an appropriate interval so that it can pass through.
[0037]
The floating wind power generation equipment according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and even if it is applicable only to the invention according to each claim, it exhibits the function and effect corresponding to the configuration of the invention according to each claim. Needless to say. Appropriate changes are optional within the technical scope of the claimed invention.
[0038]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the offshore wind power generation facility of the present invention, a plurality of wind power generation facilities are not arranged in a rigid state, but have a flexible configuration in which they are connected by a mooring chain. The anchor is also connected to the mooring chain, and an intermediate sinker is provided in the middle of the mooring chain, so that it can be easily installed on the ocean even in deep sea areas, and each floating body can be used under severe weather and sea conditions. In this case, an appropriate interval is maintained, and the relative positional relationship between the wind power generation facilities does not change and the power generation capacity does not decrease.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view of an offshore wind turbine according to the present invention.
2 (a) is a diagram of the AA portion of FIG. 1 viewed from the side, and FIG. 2 (b) is a diagram of the BB portion of FIG. 1 viewed from the side.
3A and 3B are diagrams illustrating another example of the offshore wind power generation facility according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 3A is a diagram viewed from a side, and FIG. 3B is a diagram viewed from a plane.
FIG. 4 (a) is a schematic explanatory view of a floating body that stands and supports a wind power generation facility that constitutes an offshore wind power generation facility according to the present invention, as viewed from a plane, and FIG. 4 (b) is a schematic explanatory view as viewed from a side. .
5A and 5B are explanatory diagrams of a substructure of an offshore wind turbine in a seabed installation type, in which FIG. 5A shows a caisson type, FIG. 5B shows a monopile type, and FIG. 5C shows a dolphin type.
[Explanation of symbols]
Reference Signs List 1 wind power generation facility 2 floating body 2 'floating body 3 management facility 4a intermediate sinker 4b intermediate sinker 5a mooring chain 5b mooring chain 6 mooring anchor

Claims (5)

洋上において夫々の風力発電施設を立設支持する複数の浮体同士を、途中に中間シンカーを設けた係留チェーンで連結すると共に、適宜の浮体には、更に、一方端に係留アンカーを、途中に中間シンカーを設けた係留チェーンを繋いだことを特徴とする洋上風力発電設備。A plurality of floating bodies standing and supporting each wind power generation facility at sea are connected by a mooring chain provided with an intermediate sinker in the middle, and an appropriate floating body is further provided with a mooring anchor at one end and a middle in the middle. Offshore wind power generation facilities that are connected to mooring chains with sinkers. 前記浮体の一つが立設支持する風力発電施設を、管理施設に替えたことを特徴とする請求項１記載の洋上風力発電設備。2. The offshore wind power generation facility according to claim 1, wherein the wind power generation facility that one of the floating bodies stands and supports is replaced with a management facility. 連結した浮体を直線状に配置したことを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載の洋上風力発電設備。The offshore wind power generation facility according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the connected floating bodies are linearly arranged. 浮体と係留アンカー、又は、浮体同士が平面視正三角形の頂点に位置するように配置、若しくは、前記平面視正三角形の要素構造を複数個連結するように配置したことを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載の洋上風力発電設備。The floating body and the mooring anchor, or the floating bodies are arranged so as to be located at the vertices of an equilateral triangle in plan view, or arranged so as to connect a plurality of element structures of the equilateral triangle in plan view. Or the offshore wind power generation facility according to 2. 一方端に係留アンカーを備えた係留チェーンは、最外周に位置する浮体の外周側に繋がれていることを特徴とする請求項１〜４の何れか記載の洋上風力発電設備。The offshore wind power generation facility according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the mooring chain having a mooring anchor at one end is connected to an outer peripheral side of a floating body located at the outermost periphery.
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