JP3937650B2 - Combustion chamber of in-cylinder direct fuel injection engine - Google Patents

Combustion chamber of in-cylinder direct fuel injection engine Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3937650B2
JP3937650B2 JP12629999A JP12629999A JP3937650B2 JP 3937650 B2 JP3937650 B2 JP 3937650B2 JP 12629999 A JP12629999 A JP 12629999A JP 12629999 A JP12629999 A JP 12629999A JP 3937650 B2 JP3937650 B2 JP 3937650B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
fuel injection
spark plug
curved surface
spray
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
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JP12629999A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2000314320A (en
Inventor
茂 亀ヶ谷
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/12—Other methods of operation
    • F02B2075/125—Direct injection in the combustion chamber for spark ignition engines, i.e. not in pre-combustion chamber
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ガソリンエンジンの筒内直接燃料噴射機関の燃焼室に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、ガソリンエンジンの筒内直接燃料噴射機関の燃焼室として、例えば、図８に示した特開平７-１９０５４号公報に記載のものが知られている。
【０００３】
図において、１はシリンダヘッド、２は点火プラグ、２aはギャップ部、３は凸部、４は噴射弁である。従来の例では噴射弁４から点火プラグ２に向かう通路に、噴霧の偏向作用を生じさせる連続的な湾曲凸部３を設け、この湾曲凸部３に沿って噴射弁４から噴射された噴霧の外形部を接触させ、その偏向作用によって噴霧を点火プラグ２側に向かわせることをねらっていた。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上述の従来の筒内直接燃料噴射機関の燃焼室にあっては、筒内直接噴射機関の場合、吸気１弁、排気１弁の構成でないと十分な偏向を生じさせる通路を作ることができない。このため、吸気２弁、排気２弁の機関に適用することは構成上困難であるという問題があった。
【０００５】
本発明は、このような従来の問題点に着目してなされたもので、燃焼室中心に点火プラ グを有し、燃料噴射弁が２本の吸気弁の中間部を介して燃焼室中心を指向する４弁の筒内直接燃料噴射機関において、燃料噴射弁からの燃料噴霧を確実に点火プラグ部に供給することができるようにすることを目的としている。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上述の目的を達成するために本発明の筒内直接燃料噴射機関の燃焼室は、請求項１記載の発明においては、燃料噴射弁と２本の吸気弁の中間部との間の燃焼室壁面に、燃料噴射弁取付孔の開口面から滑らかにつながる湾曲面を有する凸部を設け、前記湾曲面の端部が前記凸部の点火プラグ側端面にてエッジ部をなすようにして、前記エッジ部における前記湾曲面の接線の延長部が点火プラグギャップ部を指向するように構成し、円錐状の燃料噴霧の外形部と前記湾曲面とを前記湾曲面上で接するように配置した。
【０００７】
請求項２記載の発明においては、前記燃料噴射弁の噴霧中心線と直交する方向での前記湾曲面の断面形状を噴霧断面と略同等の円筒面とした。
【０００８】
請求項３記載の発明においては、燃料噴射弁と２本の吸気弁の中間部との間の燃焼室壁面に、燃料噴射弁取付孔の開口面から滑らかにつながる湾曲面を有する凸部を設け、前記凸部は、更に点火プラグ側へ延長されて、前記湾曲面に連なる平面を有し、前記平面は、２本の吸気弁の中間部を通って点火プラグ側に向かい、前記平面の延長が点火プラグのギャップ部を指向するように構成し、円錐状の燃料噴霧の外形部と前記湾曲面とを前記湾曲面上で接するように配置する一方、吸気弁傘部の燃焼室側の面が吸気弁着座時に前記平面と同一高さになるようにした。
【０００９】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。
【００１０】
（実施の形態１）
図１は本発明の実施の形態１を示す断面図、図２は実施の形態１を示す上部俯瞰図である。
【００１１】
まず構成を説明すると、燃焼室１７内には２本の吸気弁１２が燃焼室壁面１３に着座時接するように取り付けられている。一方、燃焼室壁面１３の中心部には点火プラグ１５が設けられており、その点火プラグギャップ部２１は燃焼室１７内に突き出た位置に設けられている。また、燃焼室壁面１３には、燃料噴射弁１８が、２本の吸気弁１２の中間部に対し、点火プラグ１５の反対側に設けられている。
【００１２】
燃料噴射弁１８と２本の吸気弁１２の中間部との間の燃焼室壁面１３上には、燃料噴射弁１８取付孔の開口面からなめらかにつながる湾曲面２２を有する凸部１４がある。凸部１４は点火プラグ側端面２４からなめらかに燃焼室壁面１３につながるとともに、湾曲面２２の点火プラグ側端面２４部での曲率に対する接線の延長部２５は点火プラグギャップ部２１を指向している。燃料噴射弁１８から噴射された噴霧の上端面１９（噴霧の燃焼室壁面１３側部分）は凸部１４の湾曲面２２上の点火プラグ側端面２４より燃料噴射弁１８に近い接触点２３で略接するように凸部形状、噴霧の外形角度、燃料噴射弁１８の取付角が決定されている。
【００１３】
次に作用を説明する。
【００１４】
圧縮行程時に燃料噴射弁１８から燃焼室１７内に噴射された噴霧の上端面１９は、湾曲した形状を持つ凸部１４に、接触点２３部で略接する。この時、噴霧の上端面１９は湾曲面２２に沿って燃焼室壁面１３側に偏向される。
【００１５】
偏向された噴霧は湾曲面２２上に沿って点火プラグ側端面２４部まで移動する。点火プラグ側端面２４部での湾曲面の曲率に対する接線の方向は延長部２５になるため、噴霧は点火プラグ側端面２４以降は図１中の破線で示すような形状となり、概略接線の延長部２５に沿って点火プラグ１５の点火プラグギャップ部２１に向かって移動する。この噴霧は、気化しながら点火プラグギャップ部２１に供給されるため点火プラグ１５で着火することにより燃焼する。気化した噴霧は、燃焼室１７内で点火プラグまわりに固まっているため、成層燃焼を達成することができる。
【００１６】
この時凸部１４による偏向作用により噴霧が確実に点火プラグギャップ部２１にもたらされるため、噴霧形状の個体差や燃焼室１７内のガス流動のサイクルばらつきなどによる変化を受けにくく、確実な成層燃焼を達成することができる。
【００１７】
（実施の形態２）
図３は実施の形態２の作用を説明したものであり、図４は要部断面図（図３のＡ−Ａ断面図）である。
【００１８】
この実施の形態２は図１の実施の形態１に対し、燃料噴射弁１８の噴霧中心線と直交する方向での凸部１４の湾曲面の断面形状を噴霧断面と略同等の円筒面３０とすることにより噴霧上端面１９全体を燃焼室壁面１３側に偏向させるものであり、混合気を点火プラグギャップ部２１に確実にもたらすことをねらいとしている。
【００１９】
（実施の形態３）
図５は本発明の実施の形態３を示す断面図であり、図６はその上部俯瞰図、図７は要部断面図（図６のＢ−Ｂ断面図）である。
【００２０】
この実施の形態３は図１の実施の形態１に対し、吸気弁１２の着座時、吸気弁傘部の燃焼室１７側の面を燃焼室壁面１３より燃焼室１７内に突き出すとともに、湾曲面２２の点火プラグ側端部を着座時の吸気弁傘部の燃焼室１７側の面になめらかにつなげ、点火プラグ１５の近傍まで連続した凸部４０を設け、形成された平面の延長が点火プラグギャップ部２１にいたるように設定されている。
【００２１】
このため噴霧は凸部４０に沿って偏向され、点火プラグ１５まで図５中の破線のように移動するため確実な成層燃焼が行われる。一方、凸部４０の幅は、燃料噴射弁１８先端部の２倍程度の最少限度に押さえられ、凸部側面４１はなめらかに燃焼室壁面１３につながっている。このため吸気ポート１１から吸気弁１２を通って燃焼室１７内に流入する空気の静的な通路抵抗の悪化を最小限にすることができ、出力の低下を生じることはない。
【００２２】
以上、本発明の実施の形態を図面により詳述してきたが、具体的な構成はこの実施の形態に限られるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲における設計の変更などがあっても本発明に含まれる。
【００２３】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明の実施の筒内直接燃料噴射機関の燃焼室にあっては、燃料噴射弁から燃焼室内に供給された噴霧を確実に点火プラグ部に供給することができ、成層燃焼が安定して達成できるという効果が得られ、さらに全負荷運転のように吸気行程で噴射する場合にも、同様の噴霧偏向効果が生じ、その場合には均一に燃料と空気が混ざり高出力化が達成できるという効果が得られる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 本発明実施の形態１を示す断面図である。
【図２】 本発明実施の形態１を示す上部俯瞰図である。
【図３】 本発明実施の形態２を示す上部俯瞰図である。
【図４】 本発明実施の形態２を示す要部断面図である。
【図５】 本発明実施の形態３を示す断面図である。
【図６】 本発明実施の形態３を示す上部俯瞰図である。
【図７】 本発明実施の形態３を示す要部断面図である。
【図８】 従来の実施例を示す断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１ シリンダヘッド
２ 点火プラグ
２ａ ギャップ部
３ 凸部
４ 噴射弁
１１ 吸気ポート
１２ 吸気弁
１３ 燃焼室壁面
１４ 凸部
１５ 点火プラグ
１６ ピストン
１７ 燃焼室
１８ 噴射弁
１９ 噴霧の上端面
２０ 噴霧の下端面
２１ 点火プラグギャップ部
２２ 湾曲面
２３ 接触点
２４ 点火プラグ側端面
２５ 湾曲部端面での接線の延長部
３０ 円筒面
４０ 凸部
４１ 凸部側面[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a combustion chamber of an in-cylinder direct fuel injection engine of a gasoline engine.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a combustion chamber of a direct injection fuel injection engine of a gasoline engine, for example, one described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-19054 shown in FIG. 8 is known.
[0003]
In the figure, 1 is a cylinder head, 2 is a spark plug, 2a is a gap part, 3 is a convex part, and 4 is an injection valve. In the conventional example, a continuous curved convex portion 3 that causes a spray deflection action is provided in a passage from the injection valve 4 to the ignition plug 2 , and the spray injected from the injection valve 4 along the curved convex portion 3 is provided. The outer shape portion was brought into contact with the target, and the aim was to direct the spray toward the spark plug 2 by the deflection action.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the combustion chamber of the above-described conventional direct injection fuel injection engine, in the case of the direct injection engine, a passage that causes sufficient deflection can be created unless the configuration is an intake 1 valve and an exhaust 1 valve. Can not. For this reason, there is a problem that it is difficult to apply to an engine having two intake valves and two exhaust valves.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, has an ignition plug in the combustion chamber center, the fuel injection valve is a combustion chamber around through the intermediate portion of the two intake valves An object of the present invention is to ensure that fuel spray from a fuel injection valve can be reliably supplied to a spark plug portion in a direct four-cylinder direct fuel injection engine .
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the combustion chamber of the direct injection fuel injection engine according to the present invention is the combustion chamber wall surface between the fuel injection valve and the intermediate portion of the two intake valves. A convex portion having a curved surface smoothly connected from the opening surface of the fuel injection valve mounting hole, and the edge of the curved surface forms an edge portion at the end surface of the convex portion on the spark plug side. extension of the tangent of the curved surface in section is configured to direct the spark plug gap, they were placed in contact with the outer shape of the cone-shaped fuel spray the curved surface on the curved surface.
[0007]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the curved surface in a direction orthogonal to the spray center line of the fuel injection valve is a cylindrical surface substantially equivalent to the spray cross section.
[0008]
In a third aspect of the present invention, a convex portion having a curved surface smoothly connected from the opening surface of the fuel injection valve mounting hole is provided on the combustion chamber wall surface between the fuel injection valve and the intermediate portion of the two intake valves. The convex portion is further extended to the spark plug side and has a flat surface connected to the curved surface, and the flat surface extends toward the ignition plug side through the intermediate portion of the two intake valves, and extends the flat surface. Is arranged so as to face the gap portion of the spark plug, and the conical fuel spray outer shape portion and the curved surface are arranged so as to contact each other on the curved surface, while the surface on the combustion chamber side of the intake valve umbrella portion Was set to the same height as the plane when the intake valve was seated.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0010]
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a top overhead view showing the first embodiment.
[0011]
First, the configuration will be described. In the combustion chamber 17, two intake valves 12 are attached so as to come into contact with the combustion chamber wall surface 13 when seated. On the other hand, a spark plug 15 is provided at the center of the combustion chamber wall surface 13, and the spark plug gap portion 21 is provided at a position protruding into the combustion chamber 17. Further , the fuel injection valve 18 is provided on the combustion chamber wall surface 13 on the opposite side of the spark plug 15 with respect to the intermediate portion of the two intake valves 12 .
[0012]
On the combustion chamber wall surface 13 between the intermediate portion of the fuel injection valve 18 and two intake valves 12 are convex portion 14 having a curved surface 22 leading to smooth the opening surface of the fuel injection valve 18 mounting holes . With the convex portion 14 leads to smooth the combustion chamber wall 13 from the spark plug side end surface 24, tangential extension 25 for curvature at the spark plug side end face 24 parts of curved surface 22 is directed to the spark plug gap 21 Yes. The upper end surface 19 (spray combustion chamber wall surface 13 side portion) of the spray injected from the fuel injection valve 18 is substantially at a contact point 23 closer to the fuel injection valve 18 than the spark plug side end surface 24 on the curved surface 22 of the convex portion 14. The convex shape, the spray external angle, and the mounting angle of the fuel injection valve 18 are determined so as to be in contact with each other.
[0013]
Next, the operation will be described.
[0014]
The upper end surface 19 of the spray injected into the combustion chamber 17 from the fuel injection valve 18 during the compression stroke, the convex portion 14 having a curved shape, substantially tangent at the contact points 23 parts. At this time, the upper end surface 19 of the spray is deflected toward the combustion chamber wall surface 13 along the curved surface 22.
[0015]
The deflected spray moves along the curved surface 22 to the spark plug side end surface 24. For tangential direction with respect to the curvature of the curved surface on the spark plug side end face 24 parts become extensions 25, spraying is the spark plug side end face 24 after a shape as indicated by a broken line in FIG. 1, a schematic tangential extension It moves toward the spark plug gap 21 of the spark plug 15 along 25. Since this spray is supplied to the spark plug gap portion 21 while being vaporized, it is burned by being ignited by the spark plug 15. Since the vaporized spray is solidified around the spark plug in the combustion chamber 17, stratified combustion can be achieved.
[0016]
Therefore the spray by deflecting action by Tokitotsu portion 14 is brought into reliable spark plug gap 21, less subject to change due to cycle variations in the gas flow of the individual body difference and the combustion chamber 17 of the spray shape, reliable stratified Combustion can be achieved.
[0017]
(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 3 illustrates the operation of the second embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the main part (cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG . 3) .
[0018]
The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment of FIG. 1 in that the cross-sectional shape of the curved surface of the convex portion 14 in the direction orthogonal to the spray center line of the fuel injection valve 18 is a cylindrical surface 30 substantially equivalent to the spray cross section. By doing so, the entire spray upper end surface 19 is deflected toward the combustion chamber wall surface 13, and the aim is to reliably bring the air-fuel mixture to the spark plug gap portion 21.
[0019]
(Embodiment 3)
Figure 5 is a sectional view showing a third embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6 is the upper top view, FIG. 7 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view (B-B sectional view of FIG. 6).
[0020]
The third embodiment to the first embodiment of FIG. 1, when seated in the intake valve 1 2, together with the protruding into the combustion chamber 17 from the combustion chamber wall surface 13 faces the combustion chamber 17 side of the intake valve umbrella portion, bending The end portion of the spark plug side of the surface 22 is smoothly connected to the surface of the intake valve umbrella portion on the side of the combustion chamber 17 when seated, and a convex portion 40 continuous to the vicinity of the spark plug 15 is provided. It is set to reach the plug gap portion 21.
[0021]
Thus spray is deflected along the convex portion 40, reliable stratified combustion to move like a broken line in FIG. 5 to the ignition plug 15 is performed. On the other hand, the width of the convex portion 40 is suppressed to the minimum limit of about twice the tip of the fuel injection valve 18, and the convex portion side surface 41 is smoothly connected to the combustion chamber wall surface 13. For this reason, the deterioration of the static passage resistance of the air flowing into the combustion chamber 17 from the intake port 11 through the intake valve 12 can be minimized, and the output is not lowered.
[0022]
The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and even if there is a design change without departing from the gist of the present invention. It is included in the present invention.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the combustion chamber of the direct injection fuel injection engine according to the present invention, the spray supplied from the fuel injection valve into the combustion chamber can be reliably supplied to the spark plug portion, The effect that combustion can be achieved stably is obtained, and the same spray deflection effect also occurs when injecting in the intake stroke as in full load operation, in which case fuel and air are mixed uniformly and high output The effect that can be achieved is obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a top overhead view showing Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an overhead view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a top overhead view showing Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional example.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 cylinder head 2 spark plugs 2a gap portion 3 projecting portion 4 injection valve 11 intake port 12 intake valve 13 combustion chamber wall 14 protrusion 15 spark plug 16 the piston 17 combustion chamber 18 injector 19 spray the upper end surface 20 spraying of the lower end surface 21 Spark plug gap 22 Curved surface 23 Contact point 24 Spark plug side end surface 25 Tangent extension 30 at the curved end surface 30 Cylindrical surface 40 Convex 41 Convex side

Claims (3)

燃焼室中心に点火プラグを有し、燃料噴射弁が２本の吸気弁の中間部を介して燃焼室中心を指向する４弁の筒内直接燃料噴射機関において、
燃料噴射弁と２本の吸気弁の中間部との間の燃焼室壁面に、燃料噴射弁取付孔の開口面から滑らかにつながる湾曲面を有する凸部を設け、
前記湾曲面の端部が前記凸部の点火プラグ側端面にてエッジ部をなすようにして、前記エッジ部における前記湾曲面の接線の延長部が点火プラグギャップ部を指向するように構成し、
円錐状の燃料噴霧の外形部と前記湾曲面とを前記湾曲面上で接するように配置することを特徴とする筒内直接燃料噴射機関の燃焼室。 Have a spark plug in the combustion chamber center, the fuel injection valves in a direct injection engine 4 valves directing the combustion chamber center through the intermediate portion of the two intake valves,
Provided on the combustion chamber wall surface between the fuel injection valve and the intermediate portion of the two intake valves is a convex portion having a curved surface smoothly connected from the opening surface of the fuel injection valve mounting hole ,
An end portion of the curved surface forms an edge portion at an end surface of the convex portion on the spark plug side, and an extension portion of the tangent line of the curved surface at the edge portion is directed to the spark plug gap portion,
Combustion chamber of a direct injection engine, characterized in that arranging the outer part of the conical fuel spray and the curved surface in contact on the curved surface. 前記燃料噴射弁の噴霧中心線と直交する方向での前記湾曲面の断面形状を噴霧断面と略同等の円筒面とすることを特徴とする請求項１記載の筒内直接燃料噴射機関の燃焼室。Combustion chamber of a direct injection engine according to claim 1, characterized in that said spray cross sectional shape of the curved surface substantially equal to the cylindrical surface in a direction perpendicular to the spray center line of the fuel injection valve . 燃焼室中心に点火プラグを有し、燃料噴射弁が２本の吸気弁の中間部を介して燃焼室中心を指向する４弁の筒内直接燃料噴射機関において、
燃料噴射弁と２本の吸気弁の中間部との間の燃焼室壁面に、燃料噴射弁取付孔の開口面から滑らかにつながる湾曲面を有する凸部を設け、
前記凸部は、更に点火プラグ側へ延長されて、前記湾曲面に連なる平面を有し、前記平面は、２本の吸気弁の中間部を通って点火プラグ側に向かい、前記平面の延長が点火プラグのギャップ部を指向するように構成し、
円錐状の燃料噴霧の外形部と前記湾曲面とを前記湾曲面上で接するように配置する一方、
吸気弁傘部の燃焼室側の面が吸気弁着座時に前記平面と同一高さになるようにしたことを特徴とする筒内直接燃料噴射機関の燃焼室。 In a four-valve direct fuel injection engine having a spark plug at the center of the combustion chamber and the fuel injection valve being directed to the center of the combustion chamber via the middle portion of the two intake valves,
Provided on the combustion chamber wall surface between the fuel injection valve and the intermediate portion of the two intake valves is a convex portion having a curved surface smoothly connected from the opening surface of the fuel injection valve mounting hole,
The convex portion is further extended to the spark plug side and has a flat surface connected to the curved surface. The flat surface passes through an intermediate portion of the two intake valves toward the spark plug side, and the flat surface extends. Configured to face the gap part of the spark plug,
While disposing the outer shape of the conical fuel spray and the curved surface in contact with each other on the curved surface,
A combustion chamber of an in-cylinder direct fuel injection engine , wherein a surface on the combustion chamber side of the intake valve umbrella portion is flush with the flat surface when the intake valve is seated .
JP12629999A 1999-05-06 1999-05-06 Combustion chamber of in-cylinder direct fuel injection engine Expired - Fee Related JP3937650B2 (en)

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