JP3936993B2 - Flocculant composition and wastewater treatment method - Google Patents
Flocculant composition and wastewater treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- JP3936993B2 JP3936993B2 JP2001387418A JP2001387418A JP3936993B2 JP 3936993 B2 JP3936993 B2 JP 3936993B2 JP 2001387418 A JP2001387418 A JP 2001387418A JP 2001387418 A JP2001387418 A JP 2001387418A JP 3936993 B2 JP3936993 B2 JP 3936993B2
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- kombu
- sodium bicarbonate
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- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、廃水処理分野、下水道分野、印刷業廃水処理分野、製版業廃水処理分野及び製紙業廃水処理分野等に使用される凝集剤組成物及び汚水処理方法に関する。更に詳しくは、凝集剤としてコンブ又はコンブ抽出液を使用した凝集剤組成物及び汚水処理方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、廃水処理に用いられる凝集剤としては、ゼオライトや活性炭などの多孔質物質と有機系凝集剤とを組み合わせたものが公知である。しかしながら、これら凝集剤を用いて廃水処理を行う場合、分離凝集した汚泥の体積が大きく、かつ、当該汚泥は微粒子状であり凝結していないため、当該汚泥を他所へ移送するのが大変に面倒であった。また、上述の有機系凝集剤としてはポリアクリルアミド等の合成高分子物質が公知であるが、これらは分解され難いため、環境保全の観点から当該汚泥が乾燥して微細な粉末となっても、これらが大気中に飛散しないよう対策を講ずる必要があった。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、従来の多孔質物質と合成高分子物質とを組み合わせた凝集剤の諸問題を解決するためになされたものであり、分離凝集した汚泥の量を低減でき、汚泥が大気中に飛散し難く、環境や人体への害がなく、かつ、優れた凝集性能を示す新規な凝集剤組成物及び汚水処理方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
かかる課題を解決すべく鋭意研究の結果、本発明者らは、コンブ又はコンブ抽出液が各種混濁液に対して優れた凝集活性を有すること、コンブそれ自体が常食されており人畜無害であるのみならず、四方を海に囲まれた本邦において低廉かつ豊富に入手可能であること、また、カリウムみょうばんや重炭酸ナトリウム、保存料も食品添加物として広く用いられており安全性が極めて高いことを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0005】
すなわち、本発明は、コンブ又はコンブ抽出液と、カリウムみょうばんと、重炭酸ナトリウムとを含む凝集剤組成物を提供する。
【0006】
コンブ抽出液の一例としては、コンブをその重量比100ないし400倍の水又は湯に1時間以上浸漬して得られる液体を10倍以上に濃縮した際に生じる褐色粘調水溶液が挙げられる。
【0007】
抽出の際の前記水又は湯の温度は室温から70℃であることが好ましい。また、本発明の凝集剤組成物は保存料を含有していてもよく、好適に使用できる保存料としては水溶性である安息香酸ナトリウムを挙げることができる。
【0008】
また、本発明は、被処理水にコンブ又はコンブ抽出液と、カリウムみょうばんと、重炭酸ナトリウムとを添加する汚水処理方法を提供する。コンブ抽出液としては前述の褐色粘調水溶液を使用することができる。
【0009】
前記汚水処理方法において、被処理水100重量部に対してコンブを0.01〜0.02重量部、カリウムみょうばん及び重炭酸ナトリウムを重量比で1:1〜2:1の割合で各々0.01〜5重量部添加することが好ましい。また、コンブ抽出液を使用する場合には、被処理水100重量部に対してコンブ抽出液を0.2〜10重量部、カリウムみょうばん及び重炭酸ナトリウムを重量比で1:1〜2:1の割合で各々0.01〜5重量部添加することが好ましい。
【0010】
本発明の凝集剤組成物及び汚水処理方法では、コンブ又はコンブ抽出液が中核を成すものである。コンブの成分としては、アルギン酸ナトリウム、グルタミン酸ナトリウム、マンニッド、フコイダン、ラミナラン、アスパラギン酸、プロリン、アラニン、タウリン、グリシン等が挙げられるが、当該コンブ抽出液を化学分析した結果判明したところの、その主な成分であるアルギン酸ナトリウムやグルタミン酸ナトリウムを単独で、またはこれらをカリウムみょうばん、重炭酸ナトリウムと組み合わせて使用しても所望の凝集性能は得られない。また、当該コンブ抽出液を単独で用いても所望の凝集性能は得られない。あくまで本発明の如く、当該コンブ抽出液とカリウムみょうばんと重炭酸ナトリウムとを組み合わせて用いることが必須である。
【0011】
本発明におけるカリウムみょうばんの役割は凝集に有効な金属イオンを放出すること及び被処理水中に含まれる懸濁物が凝集し易い水酸イオン濃度(pH値)を保つことにあると推測される。また、重炭酸ナトリウムの役割は炭酸ガス(CO2)を発生させて、発生した気泡により汚水内を攪拌することにあると推測される。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
コンブには、マコンブ、ナガコンブ、ミツイシコンブ、リシリコンブ、カゴメ、ホソメコンブ、アツバコンブ、ネコアシコンブ、トロロコンブ等があるが、本発明に使用されるコンブとしては、これらいずれのものでも構わない。
【0013】
コンブは生のものでも、乾燥したものでもよいが、抽出液として使用しない場合には粉砕して使用することが好ましい。乾燥コンブを使用する場合には粉砕後に防湿処理を施してもよい。
【0014】
コンブ抽出液は前記コンブを水又は湯に浸漬して得られる。コンブ抽出液はこのようにして得られた液体を濃縮したコンブ濃縮液でもよい。水又は湯の使用量は抽出方法にもよるが、一般的にはコンブの重量に対し50倍以上であることが好ましい。濃縮に要する時間、コスト及び凝集性能等を考慮すると、水又は湯の使用量は100倍から400倍であることがより好ましい。
【0015】
抽出の際の水又は湯の温度は室温ないし約70℃とすることが好ましい。抽出効率を上げようとして70℃を超える熱湯を用いたり、あるいは過熱水蒸気を吹き掛けたりすると、所望の凝集性能は得られなくなる。
【0016】
浸漬時間は室温に浸す場合には1時間以上が好ましい。しかし、浸漬時間は浸漬温度や濃縮率によっても変化し、上記範囲に限られない。
【0017】
先に述べたとおり、得られた液体は必要に応じて濃縮される。濃縮率は濃縮前の液体の濃度に応じて調整されるが、コンブをその重量比100ないし400倍の水又は湯に1時間以上浸漬して得られた液体である場合には、10倍以上に濃縮することが好ましい。濃縮に際しては液体温度が70℃を超えないように留意する。このようにして得たコンブ抽出液は褐色粘調水溶液となる。
【0018】
この褐色粘調水溶液はこのまま使用してもよいが、これを同等量ないし2〜3倍のエタノールに投入して凝固させたものを乾燥して使用してもよい。
【0019】
コンブは天然物であって、その産地や収穫時期により成分は若干異なるから、被処理水に対するコンブ又はコンブ抽出液の最適な濃度(使用量)は一該には規定できないが、コンブをそのまま使用する場合には、一般的には、被処理水100重量部に対し、0.01〜0.02重量部使用することが好ましく、0.015〜0.020重量部使用することがより好ましい。コンブ抽出液を使用する場合には、一般的には、被処理水100重量部に対し、0.2〜10重量部使用することが好ましく、0.5〜5重量部使用することがより好ましい。
【0020】
カリウムみょうばん及び重炭酸ナトリウムの好ましい添加量は被処理水の種類や前述のコンブ又はコンブ抽出液の使用量によって異なるが、100重量部に対し、各々0.01〜5重量部使用することが好ましく、0.01〜0.1重量部使用することがより好ましい。
【0021】
カリウムみょうばん及び重炭酸ナトリウムは理論上は1.4:1程度で使用するのが好ましいが、実際には、重量比で1:1〜2:1の範囲で使用することができる。
【0022】
本発明の凝集剤組成物は、腐敗防止及び防黴のため保存料を含むことが望ましい。本発明に使用する保存料としては、食品添加物として一般に使用されているものを選ぶことが安全性の観点から好ましく、安息香酸ナトリウム、ソルビン酸、ソルビン酸カリウム、デヒドロ酢酸ナトリウム、プロピオン酸ナトリウム、プロピオン酸カルシウム、チアベンダゾール等が例示される。このなかでも容易に水に溶けること、防黴および殺菌効果の高いこと、そして安全性が高いこと等の観点から、特に安息香酸ナトリウムが好適である。
【0023】
本発明の凝集剤組成物及び汚水処理方法は、下水、印刷業廃水、製版業廃水及び製紙業廃水の処理に使用することができる。また、この凝集剤組成物及び汚水処理方法は安全性も非常に高いため、食品や、人、動物の口に入る製品にも応用できる。
【0024】
【実施例】
以下、実施例を挙げて本発明を詳細に説明するが、本発明は実施例に限定されるものではない。
【0025】
実施例及び比較例の凝集剤組成物の凝集性能を評価するのに、以下の三つの被処理水を使用した。一つは、馬鈴薯澱粉1グラムを50℃の温水49グラムに完全に溶解した後、室温まで冷ましたコロイド状水溶液(以下、澱粉液と記す)であり、二番目は酸化鉄1グラムを常温の水49グラムに拡散させたもの(以下、酸化鉄液と記す)、三番目は富士写真フイルム株式会社製製版フィルム用自動現像機(商品名:PS900D)廃水(以下、自現機廃水と記す)である。
(実施例1)
前述の被処理水三種類各50グラムに対し、▲1▼コンブ1グラムを200グラムの室温の水に1時間浸漬して得られた抽出液を60℃の雰囲気中で真空乾燥して10倍に濃縮して生じた褐色粘調水溶液0.5グラム、▲2▼前記▲1▼の褐色粘調水溶液0.5グラム及びカリウムみょうばん0.02グラム、▲4▼前記▲1▼の褐色粘調水溶液0.5グラム及び重炭酸ナトリウム0.02グラム、▲3▼前記▲1▼の褐色粘調水溶液0.5グラム、カリウムみょうばん0.02グラム及び重炭酸ナトリウム0.02グラム、▲5▼カリウムみょうばん0.02グラムのみ、▲6▼重炭酸ナトリウム0.02グラムのみ、▲7▼カリウムみょうばん0.02グラム及び重炭酸ナトリウム0.02グラム、をそれぞれ加え、添加後5分経過時、30分経過時、60分経過時の被処理水の状態を観察した結果を表1に示す。なお、上述の各種薬剤を添加後30秒間はマグネットスターラで連続的に攪拌し、それ以降は静置した(以下、実施例2以降における攪拌条件においても同様とする)。
【0026】
【表1】
【0027】
ここで、表1中の×印は凝集が生じなかったもの、○印は平均粒径約2ミリメートル未満の大きさの凝集が生じたもの、◎印は平均粒径約2ないし8ミリメートルの大きさの凝集物が生じたものを示す(以下、実施例2以降の結果の表現においても同様とする)。
【0028】
表1から、前記▲1▼記載の褐色粘調水溶液0.5グラムにカリウムみょうばん0.02グラムと重炭酸ナトリウム0.02グラムとを組み合わせたものが良好な凝集性能を示すことが判明した。
(実施例2)
前述の被処理水三種類各50グラムに対し、室温の蒸留水を乾燥板コンブの重量に対し、各々▲1▼50倍、▲2▼100倍、▲3▼200倍、▲4▼400倍で用い1時間浸漬して得られた抽出液を60℃の雰囲気中で真空乾燥して10倍に濃縮して生じた褐色粘調水溶0.5グラム、カリウムみょうばん0.02グラム及び重炭酸ナトリウム0.02グラムを加え、添加後5分経過時、30分経過時、60分経過時の被処理水の状態を観察した結果を表2に示す。
【0029】
【表2】
【0030】
表2から、いずれにおいても凝集性能が得られるが、特に水の量がコンブの重量の100倍〜400倍である場合に良好な凝集性能が得られることがわかる。(実施例3)
重量比で200倍の室温の蒸留水に乾燥板コンブを1時間浸漬して得られた抽出液を10倍に濃縮するに際し、真空乾燥機雰囲気温度をそれぞれ▲1▼50℃、▲2▼60℃、▲3▼70℃として褐色粘調水溶液を得た。前述の被処理水三種類各50グラムに対し、得られた褐色粘調水溶液0.5グラム、カリウムみょうばん0.02グラム及び重炭酸ナトリウム0.02グラムをそれぞれ加え、添加後5分経過時、30分経過時、60分経過時の被処理水の状態を観察した結果を表3に示す。
【0031】
【表3】
【0032】
表3の如く、いずれも良好な凝集性能が得られることが判明した。
(実施例4)
前述の被処理水三種類各50グラムに対し、重量比で200倍の室温の蒸留水に乾燥板コンブを1時間浸漬して得られた抽出液を70℃の雰囲気温度の真空乾燥機内で10倍に濃縮して得られた褐色粘調液0.5グラムと、カリウムみょうばん及び、重炭酸ナトリウムを各々▲1▼0.005グラム、▲2▼0.01グラム、▲3▼0.05グラムを加え、添加後5分経過時、30分経過時、60分経過時の被処理水の状態を観察した結果を表4に示す。
【0033】
【表4】
【0034】
表4の如く、カリウムみょうばん及び重炭酸ナトリウムの添加量が被処理水重量の0.01ないし0.1%の範囲内である場合、良好な凝集性能が得られることが判明した。
(実施例5)
以上実施例1ないし4の如く、本発明者らは、コンブをその重量比100ないし400倍の水に1時間以上浸漬して得られる液体を70℃以内の雰囲気中で10倍以上に濃縮して得られた粘調水溶液を被処理水重量の1%程度加え、更に当該被処理水重量の0.01ないし0.1%の等量のカリウムみょうばんと重炭酸ナトリウムとを添加することによって、所望の凝集性能を得ることができることを見出した。また、分離凝集した汚泥は凝結しており、そのため量も少なく、他所へ移送する必要が生じた場合にもその扱いは比較的に楽であり、また、当該汚泥が乾燥しても微細な粉体となることなく、大気中への飛散が防止されることもわかった。さらに、この凝集剤組成物は安全性も非常に高い。しかしながら、当該粘調水溶液を常温下で保管する数日後にはカビが発生して腐敗が進み異臭を放つようになり、冷蔵庫で4ないし10℃に保ったとしても、1ないし3週間後には同様な状態となっていた。この不具合を改善すべく本発明者らは種々検討した結果、防カビ作用および殺菌作用を有する食品向け保存料である安息香酸ナトリウムを当該粘調水溶液を得た直後にその重量比で約3%添加することにより、常温下で1ないし2箇月間保管した場合でもカビ発生や腐敗は起こらないことを見出した。
【0035】
念のため、上述の安息香酸ナトリウムを約3%添加した当該粘調水溶液を用いて凝集性能に影響するか否かを確認した結果、特段の支障は生じなかった。
(比較例1)
文献によれば、前述のコンブ由来の粘調水溶液の主な成分はアルギン酸ナトリウム、グルタミン酸ナトリウムである。そこで、この二種類の有機物質を被処理水重量の0.1%ないし10%の範囲内で単独あるいは組み合わせ、更にカリウムみょうばんおよび重炭酸ナトリウムも0.01%ないし10%の割合で添加して約300通りの組み合わせで凝集物が生じるか否かを比較実験したところ、どの組み合わせにおいても所望の凝集性能を得ることはできなかった。
【0036】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、分離凝集した汚泥の量を低減でき、汚泥が大気中に飛散し難く、環境や人体への害がなく、かつ、優れた凝集性能を現す新規な凝集剤組成物及び汚水処理方法を提供することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a flocculant composition and a sewage treatment method used in a wastewater treatment field, a sewerage field, a printing industry wastewater treatment field, a platemaking industry wastewater treatment field, a papermaking industry wastewater treatment field, and the like. More specifically, the present invention relates to a flocculant composition and a sewage treatment method using a comb or a comb extract as a flocculant.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a flocculant used for wastewater treatment, a combination of a porous substance such as zeolite or activated carbon and an organic flocculant is known. However, when wastewater treatment is performed using these flocculants, the volume of separated and agglomerated sludge is large, and the sludge is in the form of fine particles and is not condensed, so it is very troublesome to transfer the sludge to another place. Met. In addition, synthetic polymer materials such as polyacrylamide are known as the organic flocculants described above, but since these are difficult to be decomposed, even if the sludge is dried to become a fine powder from the viewpoint of environmental conservation, It was necessary to take measures to prevent them from scattering into the atmosphere.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the problems of the conventional flocculant combining a porous material and a synthetic polymer material, and can reduce the amount of sludge separated and agglomerated, so that the sludge is scattered in the atmosphere. It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel flocculant composition and a sewage treatment method that are difficult to cause, are harmless to the environment and the human body, and exhibit excellent coagulation performance.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of diligent research to solve such problems, the present inventors have found that the kombu or the kombu extract has excellent aggregating activity with respect to various turbid liquids, and that the kombu itself is regularly eaten and is harmless to humans. In addition, it is cheap and abundantly available in Japan surrounded by the sea on all sides, and potassium alum, sodium bicarbonate, and preservatives are also widely used as food additives and are extremely safe. The headline and the present invention were completed.
[0005]
That is, this invention provides the flocculent composition containing a kombu or a kombu extract, potassium alum, and sodium bicarbonate.
[0006]
An example of the kombu extract is a brown viscous aqueous solution produced when a liquid obtained by immersing a kombu in water or hot water having a weight ratio of 100 to 400 times for 1 hour or more is concentrated 10 times or more.
[0007]
The temperature of the water or hot water during the extraction is preferably from room temperature to 70 ° C. Further, the flocculant composition of the present invention may contain a preservative, and examples of the preservative that can be suitably used include water-soluble sodium benzoate.
[0008]
Moreover, this invention provides the sewage treatment method which adds a kumbu or a kumbu extract, potassium alum, and sodium bicarbonate to to-be-processed water. As the comb extract, the aforementioned brown viscous aqueous solution can be used.
[0009]
In the sewage treatment method, 0.01 to 0.02 parts by weight of kombu, 100% by weight of potassium alum, and sodium bicarbonate are each 0.1 to 2: 1 by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of water to be treated. It is preferable to add 01 to 5 parts by weight. In addition, when using the kombu extract, 0.2 to 10 parts by weight of the kombu extract, and potassium alum and sodium bicarbonate are used in a weight ratio of 1: 1 to 2: 1 with respect to 100 parts by weight of water to be treated. It is preferable to add 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of each in the ratio.
[0010]
In the flocculant composition and the sewage treatment method of the present invention, the kombu or the kombu extract constitutes the core. The components of the kombu include sodium alginate, sodium glutamate, mannid, fucoidan, laminaran, aspartic acid, proline, alanine, taurine, glycine and the like. Even if sodium alginate or sodium glutamate, which is a major component, is used alone or in combination with potassium alum or sodium bicarbonate, the desired aggregation performance cannot be obtained. Moreover, even if it uses the said kombu extract alone, desired aggregation performance is not obtained. As in the present invention, it is essential to use the combined extract, potassium alum and sodium bicarbonate in combination.
[0011]
It is assumed that the role of potassium alum in the present invention is to release metal ions effective for aggregation and to maintain a hydroxide ion concentration (pH value) at which the suspension contained in the water to be treated tends to aggregate. In addition, it is assumed that the role of sodium bicarbonate is to generate carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and to stir the sewage with the generated bubbles.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
Combs include macomb, nagacomb, honeycomb, resilience, kagome, hosomecomb, atsubacomb, catacomb, trorocomb, etc., but any of these may be used for the present invention.
[0013]
The comb may be raw or dried, but it is preferably pulverized when not used as an extract. In the case of using a dried comb, a moisture-proof treatment may be performed after pulverization.
[0014]
The comb extract is obtained by immersing the comb in water or hot water. The comb extract may be a comb concentrate obtained by concentrating the liquid thus obtained. Although the amount of water or hot water used depends on the extraction method, it is generally preferably 50 times or more of the weight of the kombu. Considering the time required for concentration, cost, coagulation performance, etc., the amount of water or hot water used is more preferably 100 to 400 times.
[0015]
The temperature of water or hot water during the extraction is preferably room temperature to about 70 ° C. If hot water exceeding 70 ° C. is used to increase the extraction efficiency or if superheated steam is sprayed, the desired agglomeration performance cannot be obtained.
[0016]
The immersion time is preferably 1 hour or longer when immersed in room temperature. However, the immersion time varies depending on the immersion temperature and the concentration rate, and is not limited to the above range.
[0017]
As stated above, the resulting liquid is concentrated as necessary. The concentration rate is adjusted according to the concentration of the liquid before concentration, but when it is a liquid obtained by immersing the kombu in water or hot water having a weight ratio of 100 to 400 times for 1 hour or more, it is 10 times or more. It is preferable to concentrate it. Care is taken that the liquid temperature does not exceed 70 ° C. during concentration. The comb extract thus obtained becomes a brown viscous aqueous solution.
[0018]
Although this brown viscous aqueous solution may be used as it is, it may be used after drying and solidifying it by adding it to an equal amount or 2-3 times as much ethanol.
[0019]
Combs are natural products, and the ingredients differ slightly depending on the production area and harvest time, so the optimal concentration (use amount) of the comb or the extract from the treated water cannot be specified, but the comb is used as it is. When it does, generally it is preferable to use 0.01-0.02 weight part with respect to 100 weight part of to-be-processed water, and it is more preferable to use 0.015-0.020 weight part. In the case of using a kombu extract, it is generally preferable to use 0.2 to 10 parts by weight, and more preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of water to be treated. .
[0020]
The preferred amount of potassium alum and sodium bicarbonate varies depending on the type of water to be treated and the amount of the above-mentioned combination or combination extract, but it is preferable to use 0.01 to 5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight. More preferably, 0.01 to 0.1 part by weight is used.
[0021]
Although potassium alum and sodium bicarbonate are theoretically preferably used at about 1.4: 1, in practice, they can be used in a range of 1: 1 to 2: 1 by weight.
[0022]
It is desirable that the flocculant composition of the present invention contains a preservative to prevent spoilage and mildew. As the preservative used in the present invention, it is preferable to select one generally used as a food additive from the viewpoint of safety, sodium benzoate, sorbic acid, potassium sorbate, sodium dehydroacetate, sodium propionate, Examples include calcium propionate and thiabendazole. Of these, sodium benzoate is particularly preferred from the viewpoints of being easily soluble in water, having high antifungal and bactericidal effects, and high safety.
[0023]
The flocculant composition and wastewater treatment method of the present invention can be used for the treatment of sewage, printing industry wastewater, platemaking wastewater and paper industry wastewater. In addition, since the flocculant composition and the sewage treatment method are very safe, they can be applied to foods and products that enter the mouth of humans and animals.
[0024]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example is given and this invention is demonstrated in detail, this invention is not limited to an Example.
[0025]
In order to evaluate the coagulation performance of the coagulant compositions of Examples and Comparative Examples, the following three treated waters were used. One is a colloidal aqueous solution (hereinafter referred to as a starch solution) in which 1 gram of potato starch is completely dissolved in 49 grams of hot water at 50 ° C. and then cooled to room temperature, and the second is 1 gram of iron oxide at room temperature. Dispersed in 49 grams of water (hereinafter referred to as iron oxide solution), the third is Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. plate-making film automatic developing machine (trade name: PS900D) wastewater (hereinafter referred to as self-contained machine wastewater) It is.
Example 1
For each of the above-mentioned three types of water to be treated, 50 grams, (1) 1 gram of kombu is soaked in 200 grams of room temperature water for 1 hour, vacuum-dried in an atmosphere of 60 ° C. and 10 times 0.5 grams of brown viscous aqueous solution produced by concentration to 0.5, 0.5 grams of brown viscous aqueous solution of the above (1) and 0.02 grams of potassium alum, (4) brown viscous of the above (1) 0.5 grams of aqueous solution and 0.02 grams of sodium bicarbonate, (3) 0.5 grams of brown viscous aqueous solution of the above (1), 0.02 grams of potassium alum and 0.02 grams of sodium bicarbonate, (5) potassium Alum 0.02 grams only, (6) 0.02 grams of sodium bicarbonate, (7) 0.02 grams of potassium alum and 0.02 grams of sodium bicarbonate, respectively, and 5 minutes after addition, At 0 minutes elapsed, Table 1 shows the result of observation of the state of the water to be treated at the time after 60 minutes. In addition, it stirred continuously with the magnetic stirrer for 30 seconds after adding the above-mentioned various chemical | medical agents, and left still after that (it is the same also in the stirring conditions in Example 2 or later).
[0026]
[Table 1]
[0027]
Here, the crosses in Table 1 indicate that no agglomeration occurred, the circles indicate that the agglomeration with an average particle size of less than about 2 millimeters occurred, and the ◎ marks indicate the average particle size of about 2 to 8 millimeters. In the following description, the same agglomerates are generated (the same applies to the expression of the results from Example 2 onward).
[0028]
From Table 1, it was found that a combination of 0.5 grams of the brown viscous aqueous solution described in (1) above with 0.02 grams of potassium alum and 0.02 grams of sodium bicarbonate exhibits good aggregation performance.
(Example 2)
For 50 grams of each of the above three types of water to be treated, room temperature distilled water is (1) 50 times, (2) 100 times, (3) 200 times, and (4) 400 times the weight of the dried plate comb. The extract obtained by soaking for 1 hour in a vacuum was vacuum dried in an atmosphere at 60 ° C. and concentrated 10 times, resulting in a brown viscous aqueous solution 0.5 gram, potassium alum 0.02 gram and sodium bicarbonate Table 2 shows the results of observing the state of the water to be treated when 5 minutes have passed, 30 minutes have passed, and 60 minutes have passed since the addition of 0.02 grams.
[0029]
[Table 2]
[0030]
From Table 2, it can be seen that in any case, agglomeration performance can be obtained, but particularly when the amount of water is 100 to 400 times the weight of the kombu, good agglomeration performance can be obtained. (Example 3)
When the extract obtained by immersing the dried plate comb for 1 hour in distilled water at a room temperature of 200 times by weight was concentrated 10 times, the vacuum dryer atmosphere temperature was set to (1) 50 ° C and (2) 60, respectively. A brown viscous aqueous solution was obtained at a temperature of ℃ 3 and 70 ℃. For each 50 grams of the three treated waters, 0.5 grams of the obtained brown viscous aqueous solution, 0.02 grams of potassium alum and 0.02 grams of sodium bicarbonate were added. Table 3 shows the results of observation of the state of the water to be treated at the time of 30 minutes and at the time of 60 minutes.
[0031]
[Table 3]
[0032]
As shown in Table 3, it was found that good agglomeration performance was obtained in all cases.
Example 4
The extract obtained by immersing the dry plate comb for 1 hour in distilled water at a room temperature of 200 times by weight with respect to 50 g of each of the above three kinds of water to be treated was placed in a vacuum dryer at an ambient temperature of 70 ° C. for 10 hours. 0.5 grams of brown viscous liquid obtained by concentrating twice, and potassium alum and sodium bicarbonate (1) 0.005 grams, (2) 0.01 grams, and (3) 0.05 grams, respectively. Table 4 shows the results of observing the state of the water to be treated after 5 minutes, 30 minutes and 60 minutes after the addition.
[0033]
[Table 4]
[0034]
As shown in Table 4, when the amounts of potassium alum and sodium bicarbonate are within the range of 0.01 to 0.1% of the water to be treated, it has been found that good agglomeration performance can be obtained.
(Example 5)
As described in Examples 1 to 4, the present inventors concentrated the liquid obtained by immersing the kombu in water having a weight ratio of 100 to 400 times for 1 hour or more in an atmosphere within 70 ° C. to 10 times or more. By adding about 1% of the aqueous solution of viscous water obtained in addition, and adding potassium alum and sodium bicarbonate in an equivalent amount of 0.01 to 0.1% of the weight of the water to be treated, It has been found that the desired aggregation performance can be obtained. Also, the separated and agglomerated sludge is agglomerated, so the amount is small, and it is relatively easy to handle when it needs to be transferred to another place. It was also found that scattering into the atmosphere was prevented without becoming a body. Furthermore, this flocculant composition is very safe. However, after several days of storage of the viscous aqueous solution at room temperature, mold develops and decays and gives off a strange odor. Even if kept in a refrigerator at 4 to 10 ° C., the same is observed after 1 to 3 weeks. It was in a state. As a result of various studies conducted by the present inventors to improve this problem, sodium benzoate, which is a preservative for foods having fungicidal and bactericidal effects, is about 3% by weight immediately after obtaining the viscous aqueous solution. It has been found that when added, no mold or decay occurs even when stored for 1 to 2 months at room temperature.
[0035]
As a precaution, as a result of confirming whether or not the viscous aqueous solution to which about 3% of the above-mentioned sodium benzoate was added affects the coagulation performance, no particular trouble occurred.
(Comparative Example 1)
According to the literature, the main components of the above-mentioned viscous aqueous solution derived from kombu are sodium alginate and sodium glutamate. Therefore, these two kinds of organic substances are added alone or in combination within the range of 0.1% to 10% of the weight of the water to be treated, and potassium alum and sodium bicarbonate are also added at a ratio of 0.01% to 10%. When a comparative experiment was conducted to determine whether or not aggregates were produced in about 300 combinations, the desired aggregation performance could not be obtained in any combination.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention is a novel flocculant composition and a sewage treatment method that can reduce the amount of separated and agglomerated sludge, are difficult to disperse in the atmosphere, are harmless to the environment and the human body, and exhibit excellent agglomeration performance Can be provided.
Claims (8)
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