JP3935727B2

JP3935727B2 - Tunnel lighting equipment

Info

Publication number: JP3935727B2
Application number: JP2002008378A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 泉治永井; 豊宇都宮
Original assignee: 株式会社エイトコンサルタント
Priority date: 2002-01-17
Filing date: 2002-01-17
Publication date: 2007-06-27
Anticipated expiration: 2022-01-17
Also published as: JP2003217873A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、トンネルを照明するトンネルの照明設備に関し、特に一日の全時間帯全てにわたってあるいは一時的に交通量の少ないトンネルに有用な照明設備に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術および発明が解決しようとする課題】
トンネルは、交通量の多い高速道路のトンネルおよび第一級の国道のトンネルは言うに及ばず、山間部の交通量が非常に少ないトンネルであっても、全てのトンネルには、照明設備が設けられている。
【０００３】
しかも、前記トンネルの照明設備は、殆どの場合、２４時間連続で照明されている。
【０００４】
しかしながら、交通量が非常に少ない、あるいは少ないトンネルの場合、また、昼間の交通量は多い場合でも、夜間の交通量が少ないトンネルもある。このような交通量が一日の全時間帯にわたってあるいは一時的に少ないトンネルの場合、特に、全長の長いトンネルの場合には、その照明のための費用は膨大な量となる。
地球規模で二酸化炭素の排出量を削減しようとする近年の状況下において、このような無駄なエネルギーの使用は可及的に改善されるべきものである。
【０００５】
本発明は、このような状況に鑑みておこなわれもので、必要な場合にのみ、トンネルの照明をおこなうことが可能な、トンネルの照明設備を提供することを目的とする。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本願発明にかかるトンネルの照明設備は、照明灯によってトンネル内を照明する照明設備において、
前記照明灯を点灯−消灯させる点灯スイッチと、前記点灯スイッチの動作を制御する制御装置と、通行対象物のトンネル内への進入を検知する進入検知手段と、トンネル外の照度を検知する照度検知手段を有するとともに、
前記照明灯が、少なくとも、基本照明灯と、入口照明灯とからなり、
さらに、前記進入検知手段が、少なくとも、車両の進入を検知する車両進入検知手段と、人間の進入を検知する人間進入検知手段とからなり、
前記制御装置が、前記車両進入検知手段から、車両のトンネル内への進入を検知すると、前記照度検知手段からそのときのトンネル外の照度を検知して、
トンネル外が明るいと判断したときには、前記基本照明灯および入口照明灯を点灯するよう基本照明灯用および入口照明灯用の各点灯スイッチに点灯信号を発して、該基本照明灯および入口照明灯を点灯させ、
トンネル外が暗いと判断したときには、前記基本照明灯を点灯するよう基本照明灯用の点灯スイッチに信号を発して該基本照明灯を点灯させるよう制御するとともに、
該制御装置が、前記人間進入検知手段から、人間のトンネル内への進入を検知したときには、前記照度検知手段からの検知信号がいかなる状態であるかに関係なく、前記照明灯のうち、基本照明灯のみ点灯するよう、該基本照明灯用の点灯スイッチに点灯信号を発して、基本照明灯のみ点灯させるべく制御するよう構成され、
さらに、前記トンネルの照明設備が、トンネル内に該トンネル内の照明灯の点灯を検知する受光センサーを備え、
前記進入検知手段が車両又は人間の進入を検知したにもかかわらず、前記受光センサーが照明灯の点灯を検知しない場合、
又は、前記進入検知手段が車両又は人間の進入を検知しないにもかかわらず、前記受光センサーが照明灯の点灯を検知した場合に、
前記制御装置は、この照明設備に故障が発生したものと判断して、前記照明灯を連続的に点灯させるべく制御するよう構成されていることを特徴とする。
【０００７】
しかして、このように構成されたトンネルの照明設備によると、通行対象物である車両あるいは人間がトンネル内へ進入するときのみ、進入検知手段からの進入検知の信号に基づいて制御装置が点灯スイッチに点灯信号を発して照明灯を点灯させる。このため、昼間および夜間の別を問わず、照明が必要なときのみトンネル内の照明灯を点灯させることができる。従って、無駄な照明によるエネルギーの浪費を無くすことができ、このため、二酸化炭素の排出量の削減に寄与できる発明となる。特に、全国のトンネルの照明設備全部について本トンネルの照明設備が実施されれば、無駄を防止できる総エネルギー量は膨大な量となる。
【０００８】
また、前記トンネルの照明設備において、前記照明灯が、基本照明灯と、入口照明灯とからなり、
前記照明設備がさらにトンネル外の照度を検知する照度検知手段を具備し、
前記制御装置が、前記進入検知手段から、通行対象物のトンネル内への進入を検知すると、前記照度検知手段からそのときのトンネル外の照度を検知して、
トンネル外が明るいと判断したときには、前記基本照明灯および入口照明灯を点灯するよう基本照明灯用および入口照明灯用の各点灯スイッチに点灯信号を発して、該基本照明灯および入口照明灯用を点灯させ、
トンネル外が暗いと判断したときには、前記基本照明灯を点灯するよう基本照明灯用の点灯スイッチに信号を発して該基本照明灯を点灯させるよう制御すると、車両がトンネル内に進入するときに、基本照明灯に加えて入口照明灯も点灯するため、昼間の明るい状態から暗いトンネル奥方に進入する際に、照明の照度が突然大きく変化することなく、進入車両の運転者に違和感を抱かせないトンネルの照明設備を実現できる。
【０００９】
さらに、前記照明設備の照明設備において、前記入口照明灯が、第１入口照明灯と、それより照度の高い第２入口照明灯とからなり、
前記照度検知手段が、「暗いとき」、「明るいとき」、「より明るいとき」の少なくとも３段階の状態を検知するよう構成され、
前記制御装置が、前記進入検知手段から、通行対象物のトンネル内への進入を検知すると、前記検知手段から、３段階のうちのいずれの状態かを検知して、
「より明るいとき」の状態であるときには、前記第１入口照明灯および第２入口照明灯を点灯するよう第１入口照明灯用および第２入口照明灯用の各点灯スイッチに点灯信号を発して、該第１入口照明灯および第２入口照明灯を点灯させ、
「明るいとき」の状態であるときには、前記第１入口照明灯を点灯するよう第１入口照明灯用の点灯スイッチに点灯信号を発して、該第１入口照明灯を点灯させるよう制御すると、トンネルの外の照度に合わせてトンネル入口の照明灯の照度がさらにきめ細かく調整されるため、車両がトンネルへ進入する際に、車両の運転者にとってより違和感の無いトンネル照明設備となる。
【００１０】
また、前記トンネルの照明設備において、前記通行対象物のトンネル内への進入を検知する進入検知手段が、車両の進入を検知する車両進入検知手段と、人間の進入を検知する人間進入検知手段とを具備し、
人間進入検知手段が、人間のトンネル内への進入を検知したときには、
前記制御装置は、前記照度検知手段からの検知信号がいかなる状態であるかに関係なく、前記照明灯のうち、基本照明灯のみ点灯するよう、該基本照明灯用の点灯スイッチに点灯信号を発して、基本照明灯のみ点灯させるよう制御するよう構成すると、車両と人とによって細かい照明制御がなされた、より省エネルギー型のトンネルの照明設備となる。しかも、人間の場合には、通行速度が遅いため、照明の照度がトンネルの内外で大きく変化しても、何ら交通安全上の問題は生じない。
【００１１】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本願発明にかかるトンネル照明設備の実施形態を図面を参照しながら具体的に説明する。
【００１２】
図１は本発明の一実施形態にかかるトンネル照明設備のセンサーのトンネルに対する配置状態および全体の構成をモデル化して示した平面図、図２は晴天時にける、通行対象物の通過によるトンネル内の点灯状態を、横に時間軸をとり、縦に照明灯の種類をとって、照明状態を斜線を付したブロックで示した照明状態を示す図、図３は図１に図示するトンネルの照明設備の電気的制御をおこなう制御回路の１の実施形態を示すセンサー類を含む制御回路の回路図である。
図１に図示するように、トンネルＴｎ内には、その長手方向に沿って、複数の照明灯（この実施形態では蛍光灯、特に点灯予備時間の短い「ＨＦ蛍光ランプ」を使用した蛍光灯）Ｒａが配設されている。この照明灯Ｒａは、照明する際には常に点灯されトンネルＴｎの長手方向に沿って全領域に配置される基本照明灯Ｒａ１と、トンネルＴｎの両端の入口Ｔｎ１部分、具体的には入口Ｔｎ１からトンネル内方へ２０〜５０ｍ入った範囲内に配設されている、第２入口灯Ｒａ２と、同じ範囲内に配設されている該第２入口灯Ｒａ２より照度の低い、第１入口照明灯Ｒａ３、から構成されている。
そして、トンネルＴｎの両端の入口Ｔｎ１から外方（トンネルＴｎから離間する方）へそれぞれ１５０ｍ離れた位置の道路上方には、車両のトンネルＴｎ内への進入を検知する車両進入検知センサー（車両進入検知手段の一種）Ｓｖが配設されている。具体的には、この実施形態の場合には、超音波センサーが車両進入検知センサーＳｖとして用いられている。
また、トンネルＴｎの両端の入口Ｔｎ１の、地上から１ｍ〜１．５ｍ上方の位置には、人間のトンネルＴｎ内への進入を検知する人間進入検知センサー（人間進入検知手段の一種）Ｓｍと、手で操作する押しボタンスイッチＳｗが配設されている。具体的には、この実施形態の場合には、赤外線センサーが、前記人間進入検知センサーＳｍとして用いられている。
また、トンネルＴｎの外方には、トンネル外（露天下）の照度を検知する受光センサー（照度検知手段）Ｓｒが配設されている。
【００１３】
そして、前記車両進入検知センサーＳｖ，人間進入検知センサーＳｍ，受光センサーＳｒと、歩行者が手で押すための押しボタンスイッチＳｗは、図１に図示するように、電線（あるいは光ファイバー等の信号線であってもよい、この明細書では「電線」という）で、制御装置Ｃｂに接続されている。この実施形態の場合には、前記制御装置Ｃｂは、リレー及びタイマー等によって構成される、システム制御盤と照明分電盤から構成されている。しかし、制御装置として、コンピュータとリレー等を使用することもできることは言うまでもない。
【００１４】
この実施形態にかかる制御装置Ｃｂについて具体的に説明すれば、図３に図示されているような構成を有する。つまり、前記車両進入検知センサーＳｖが車両の進入を検知すると、図３に図示する盤内制御ＢのリレーＲ１が励磁され、その結果、盤内制御ＡのリレーＸ１の接点が閉じる。かかる状態で、前記受光センサーＳｒからの検出値が、「暗いとき」，「明るいとき」，「より明るいとき」のいずれに該当するかによって、リレーＬＣ１〜ＬＣ３の各接点のいずれかが閉じる。従って、例えば、前記受光センサーＳｒが「暗いとき」に該当するリレーＬＣ１の接点を閉じさせると、前記基本照明灯Ｒａ１が点灯する。また、例えば、前記受光センサーＳｒが「明るいとき」に該当するリレーＬＣ３の接点を閉じさせると、前記基本照明灯Ｒａ１と第１入口照明灯Ｒａ３が点灯し、さらに、前記受光センサーＳｒが「より明るいとき」に該当するリレーＬＣ２の接点を閉じさせると、前記基本照明灯Ｒａ１，第１入口照明灯Ｒａ３および第２入口照明灯Ｒａ２が点灯する。
【００１５】
また、前記人間進入検知センサーＳｍが人間のトンネルＴｎ内への進入を検知すると、図３に図示する盤内制御ＢのリレーＲ２が励磁され、その結果、盤内制御ＡのリレーＸ２の接点が閉じる。そして、前記人間進入検知センサーＳｍからの検知信号が入力されたことを条件に、リレーＬＣ１の接点が閉じる。そして、このリレーＬＣ１の接点が閉じると、前記基本照明灯Ｒａ１が点灯する。
また、トンネルＴｎ内に人間が進入しようとするときには、前記押しボタンスイッチＳｗを人為的に操作することによっても、図３に図示する盤内制御ＢのリレーＲ２が励磁され、その結果、盤内制御ＡのリレーＸ２の接点が閉じ、この押しボタンスイッチＳｗが人為的に操作されたことを条件に、リレーＬＣ１の接点が閉じる。
【００１６】
そして、前述のように、それぞれの条件に合わせて、基本照明灯Ｒａ１、第１入口照明灯Ｒａ３、第２入口照明灯Ｒａ２のうちの該条件に該当する照明灯Ｒａが点灯する。これら車両と人間のトンネルＴｎ内への進入とそのときの受光センサーＳｒの検知条件による各照明灯の点灯状態を、天気が晴天のときの場合について表すと図２のようになる。つまり、図２は、横軸に一日の時間帯を２４時間表示で表し、縦に上から基本照明灯Ｒａ１、その下に第１入口照明灯Ｒａ３、一番下に第２入口照明灯Ｒａ２の点灯状態を実線の矩形で、それら照明灯の照明状態の下方に、照明の原因を構成する、横軸に示す時間帯における車両あるいは人間の進入を、横棒で示している。この図２からは、例えば、午前１０時半〜午前１１時半に人間がトンネルＴｎ内に進入すると、前記基本照明灯Ｒａ１のみが点灯することが判る。また、一日の時間帯にかかわらず、人間がトンネルＴｎ内に進入すると、前記基本照明灯Ｒａ１のみが点灯することが判る。さらに、午後４時（１６時）から次の日の午前６時までの時間帯に、車両がトンネルＴｎ内に進入すると、前記基本照明灯Ｒａ１のみが点灯することが判る。また、午前６時から午前９時までの時間帯および午後２時（１４時）から午後４時（１６時）までの時間帯に、車両がトンネルＴｎ内に進入すると、前記基本照明灯Ｒａ１および前記第１入口照明灯Ｒａ２が点灯することが判る。加えて、午前９時から午後２時（１４時）までの時間帯に、車両がトンネルＴｎ内に進入すると、前記基本照明灯Ｒａ１，前記第１入口照明灯Ｒａ３および前記第２入口照明灯Ｒａ２が点灯することが判る。
【００１７】
また、前述のように点灯させられた照明灯Ｒａの消灯は、この実施形態の場合、制御装置ＣｂのタイマーＴｍの計時機能が作動して、所定時間経過すると、タイマーＴｍによって制御される車両進入検知センサーＳｖに対応したリレーＴｍ１あるいは人間進入検知センサーＳｍに対応したリレーＴｍ２が、前記リレーＸ１あるいはリレーＸ２の励磁状態を自己保持している当該自己保持を解除することによって、前記リレーＴｍ１あるいはリレーＴｍ２の接点ＴＩあるいはＴ２が開いて、リレーＸ１あるいはリレーＸ２が非作動状態になり、その結果、消灯するように構成されている。ここで、前記「所定時間」とは、この実施形態の場合には、トンネルＴｎへの通行対象物が歩行者である場合には、人がトンネルＴｎを通過するのに要する時間の約２倍の時間経過した時間に設定してあり、車両である場合には、車両がトンネルＴｎを通過するのに要する時間の約２倍の時間経過した時間に設定している。しかし、この時間についてはそのトンネルＴｎにあわせてあるいは使用条件に合わせて、あるいはその他の条件に合わせて、適宜設定すればよい。
【００１８】
また、このように、タイマーＴｍの計時機能によって所定時間経過したとき消灯させるような制御に代えて、別の制御、例えば、該当車両あるいは歩行者のトンネルＴｎから外へ出たことを検知する検知センサーを別途設けて、消灯するよう構成してもよい。かかる場合には、通行対象物に合わせたより細かな制御が得られる。
【００１９】
ところで、この実施形態の場合には、本照明設備のリレー等が故障した時には、照明灯Ｒａを点灯させる側に制御する所謂「フェイルセイフ」の概念が採用されている。つまり、前記車両進入検知センサーＳｖ，人間進入検知センサーＳｍあるいは受光センサーＳｒ等のセンサー類の故障、あるいは各リレーあるいは制御装置Ｃｂの故障等が検知された場合には、照明灯Ｒａは連続的に点灯した状態が形成される。
具体的には、例えば、制御装置Ｃｂをコンピュータによって構成し、トンネルＴｎの入口と出口に通行対象物の進入と退出を検知する進入（退出）検知センサーを配置しておくとともに、トンネルＴｎ内にも受光センサーを配置して、トンネルＴｎに通行対象物が進入したにもかかわらず、照明灯が点灯しないときには、本照明設備のいずれかに故障が発生したと判断するよう構成し、且つ、トンネルＴｎ内に通行対象物が進入した信号が得られないにもかかわらず、トンネルＴｎの出口側の進入検知センサーが通行対象物が出たのを検知した信号を制御装置Ｃｂが受け取った場合には、一方の進入検知センサー等に故障が発生したと判断するよう構成し、また、トンネルＴｎ外に配置されている天候状態の受光センサーＳｒの故障についても、複数個配置しておいて、異なる信号が得られたときには、該受光センサーＳｒが故障したと判断するよう構成することによって、具現化することが可能となる。また、前記故障の検知については、前記条件を制御装置Ｃｂ内だけで発生させて自己診断するように構成してもよい。
【００２０】
ところで、本実施形態にかかるトンネルの照明設備の場合、トンネルＴｎの入口の外方には、トンネルＴｎ入口近傍を照明する坑外照明灯Ｒａ４が設けられ、この坑外照明灯Ｒａ４は、前記車両進入検知センサーＳｖあるいは前記人間進入検知センサーＳｍがトンネルＴｎ内への車両あるいは人間の進入を検知すると、図３に図示する盤内制御ＢのリレーＲ１あるいはＲ２が励磁され、その結果、盤内制御ＡのリレーＸ２が作動して該リレーＸ２の接点が閉じる。そして、前記リレーＸ２の接点と直列的に配設されているタイマーＴｍからの信号によって開閉されるリレーＬＣ４の接点が、日没あるいはそれに近い暗い状態になる時間帯に閉じることから、その時間帯に前述のようにリレーＸ２の接点が閉じると、その結果、前記坑外照明灯Ｒａ４が点灯することになる。つまり、前記タイマーＴｍについてさらに説明すれば、該タイマーＴｍは、カレンダー機能を有し、年間（複数年）の各日の「日の出時間」と「日没時間」をデータとして記憶しており、前記リレーＬＣ４を制御する。
【００２１】
このように、本発明にかかるトンネルの照明設備によれば、従来のトンネルの照明設備のように常時点灯しているのではなく、車両あるいは通行人がトンネル内に進入したときのみ、つまり照明が必要なときのみ必要且つ十分な照明灯を点灯させるため、エネルギーに無駄が生じない、環境に優しい設備となる。しかも、トンネルＴｎへの進入者にとって、必要且つ十分な照明が得られることから、照明設備の本来の機能をも全く損なうことはない。さらには、本トンネルの照明設備の構成のいずれかが故障したことを判断するような機能を付加するとともに、故障のときには、全照明灯が点灯するよう構成しておけば、万が一の故障のときにも、トンネルの利用者は全く不便を感じることはない。
【００２２】
【発明の効果】
しかして、本願発明にかかるトンネルの照明設備によれば、必要なときのみに必要な照明灯のみを点灯させるため、トンネル内へ車両や通行人が進入しないときには、照明灯が点灯することがなく、従って、無駄のないトンネル照明設備となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の一実施形態にかかるトンネル照明設備のセンサーのトンネルに対する配置状態および全体の構成をモデル化して示した平面図である。
【図２】晴天時にける、通行対象物の通過によるトンネル内の点灯状態を、横に時間軸をとり、縦に照明灯の種類をとって、照明状態を斜線を付したブロックで示した照明状態を示す図である。
【図３】図１に図示するトンネルの照明設備の電気的制御をおこなう制御回路の１の実施形態を示すセンサー類を含む制御回路の回路図である。
【符号の説明】
Ｔｎ…トンネル
Ｒａ…照明灯
Ｃｂ…制御装置
Ｓｖ…車両進入検知センサー（進入検知手段）
Ｓｍ…人間進入検知センサー（進入検知手段）
Ｘ１…リレー（点灯スイッチ）
Ｘ２…リレー（点灯スイッチ）[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a lighting device for a tunnel that illuminates a tunnel, and more particularly, to a lighting device that is useful for a tunnel having a low traffic volume throughout the entire time of the day or temporarily.
[0002]
[Background Art and Problems to be Solved by the Invention]
Tunnels are not only highway tunnels and high-class national highway tunnels, but also tunnels with very little traffic in the mountains. It has been.
[0003]
Moreover, in most cases, the lighting equipment of the tunnel is illuminated continuously for 24 hours.
[0004]
However, there are some tunnels with low traffic at night, even when the traffic is very low or low, and even during daytime traffic is high. In the case of such a tunnel where the traffic volume is small or temporarily during the entire time of the day, especially in the case of a tunnel having a long total length, the cost for the lighting is enormous.
Under the recent circumstances of reducing carbon dioxide emissions on a global scale, the use of such wasteful energy should be improved as much as possible.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel illumination facility that can illuminate a tunnel only when necessary.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The lighting equipment of the tunnel according to the present invention is a lighting equipment that illuminates the inside of the tunnel with an illumination lamp.
A lighting switch for turning on and off the illumination light, a control device for controlling the operation of the lighting switch, an entry detecting means for detecting the entry of a passing object into the tunnel, and an illuminance detection for detecting illuminance outside the tunnel Having means,
The illumination lamp comprises at least a basic illumination lamp and an entrance illumination lamp,
Further, the entry detection means comprises at least vehicle entry detection means for detecting entry of a vehicle and human entry detection means for detecting entry of a person,
When the control device detects the entry of the vehicle into the tunnel from the vehicle approach detection means, the illuminance detection means detects the illuminance outside the tunnel at that time,
When it is determined that the outside of the tunnel is bright, a lighting signal is issued to each lighting switch for the basic illumination lamp and the entrance illumination lamp to turn on the basic illumination lamp and the entrance illumination lamp, and the basic illumination lamp and the entrance illumination lamp are turned on. Turn on
When it is determined that the outside of the tunnel is dark, control is performed so as to turn on the basic illumination lamp by emitting a signal to the lighting switch for the basic illumination lamp so that the basic illumination lamp is lit.
When the control device detects an entry of a human into the tunnel from the human approach detection means, the basic illumination of the illuminating lights, regardless of the state of the detection signal from the illuminance detection means. It is configured to control to turn on only the basic illumination lamp by emitting a lighting signal to the lighting switch for the basic illumination lamp so that only the lamp is lit.
Furthermore, the lighting equipment of the tunnel is provided with a light receiving sensor for detecting lighting of an illuminating lamp in the tunnel,
Even if the approach detection means detects the entry of a vehicle or a human, the light receiving sensor does not detect lighting of the illuminating lamp,
Or, even if the entry detection means does not detect the entry of a vehicle or a person, the light receiving sensor detects the lighting of the illumination lamp,
The control device is configured to perform control so that the illumination lamp is continuously turned on by determining that a failure has occurred in the illumination facility.
[0007]
Therefore, according to the lighting equipment of the tunnel configured as described above, the control device turns on the lighting switch based on the signal of the entry detection from the entry detection means only when the vehicle or the person who is a passing object enters the tunnel. A lighting signal is emitted to turn on the illumination lamp. For this reason, regardless of whether it is daytime or nighttime, the illumination lamp in the tunnel can be turned on only when illumination is necessary. Therefore, waste of energy due to useless lighting can be eliminated, and therefore the invention can contribute to the reduction of carbon dioxide emission. In particular, if this tunnel lighting facility is implemented for all of the tunnel lighting facilities nationwide, the total amount of energy that can be prevented from being wasted becomes enormous.
[0008]
Further, in the lighting equipment of the tunnel, the illumination lamp comprises a basic illumination lamp and an entrance illumination lamp,
The lighting equipment further comprises illuminance detection means for detecting illuminance outside the tunnel,
When the control device detects the entry of the object to be passed into the tunnel from the entry detection means, the illuminance detection means detects the illuminance outside the tunnel at that time,
When it is determined that the outside of the tunnel is bright, a lighting signal is issued to each lighting switch for the basic illumination lamp and the entrance illumination lamp to turn on the basic illumination lamp and the entrance illumination lamp, and the basic illumination lamp and the entrance illumination lamp are turned on. Lights up
When it is determined that the outside of the tunnel is dark, when a control is performed to light the basic illumination lamp by emitting a signal to the lighting switch for the basic illumination lamp to turn on the basic illumination lamp, when the vehicle enters the tunnel, In addition to the basic lighting, the entrance lighting also lights up, so that when entering a dark tunnel from a bright state in the daytime, the illuminance of the lighting does not change suddenly, and the driver of the entering vehicle does not feel uncomfortable. Tunnel lighting equipment can be realized.
[0009]
Furthermore, in the lighting installation of the lighting installation, the entrance illumination lamp is composed of a first entrance illumination lamp and a second entrance illumination lamp having higher illuminance than that,
The illuminance detection means is configured to detect a state of at least three stages of “when dark”, “when bright”, and “when brighter”,
When the control device detects the entry of the passing object into the tunnel from the entry detection unit, the detection unit detects from any of the three stages,
When it is in a “brighter” state, a lighting signal is issued to each lighting switch for the first entrance lighting lamp and the second entrance lighting lamp to turn on the first entrance lighting lamp and the second entrance lighting lamp. Illuminating the first entrance lamp and the second entrance lamp,
When it is in the “bright” state, a lighting signal is issued to the lighting switch for the first entrance illumination lamp so that the first entrance illumination lamp is turned on, and the first entrance illumination lamp is controlled to be turned on. Since the illuminance of the illuminating lamp at the entrance of the tunnel is further finely adjusted in accordance with the illuminance outside the vehicle, the tunnel illuminating equipment is more comfortable for the driver of the vehicle when the vehicle enters the tunnel.
[0010]
Further, in the lighting equipment of the tunnel, the entry detection means for detecting the entry of the passing object into the tunnel includes a vehicle entry detection means for detecting entry of a vehicle, and a human entry detection means for detecting entry of a person. Comprising
When the human approach detection means detects a human entering the tunnel,
Regardless of the state of the detection signal from the illuminance detection means, the control device issues a lighting signal to the lighting switch for the basic illumination lamp so that only the basic illumination lamp of the illumination lamp is lit. Thus, when the control is performed so that only the basic illumination lamp is lit, the lighting equipment of the more energy-saving type tunnel in which fine illumination control is performed by the vehicle and the person. Moreover, in the case of humans, since the traffic speed is slow, no traffic safety problem arises even if the illumination intensity changes greatly inside and outside the tunnel.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of a tunnel illumination facility according to the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.
[0012]
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a model of an arrangement state and an overall configuration of a sensor of a tunnel lighting equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the inside of the tunnel due to passage of a passing object in fine weather. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a lighting state in which the lighting state is indicated by a block in which the time axis is taken horizontally and the type of the illuminating lamp is taken vertically, and the lighting state is hatched. FIG. 3 shows the lighting equipment of the tunnel shown in FIG. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a control circuit including sensors, showing one embodiment of a control circuit that performs electrical control of the circuit.
As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of illumination lamps (in this embodiment, fluorescent lamps, in particular fluorescent lamps using “HF fluorescent lamps” having a short lighting preparatory time) are arranged in the tunnel Tn along the longitudinal direction thereof. Ra is disposed. This illuminating lamp Ra is always turned on when illuminating and is arranged in the entire region along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel Tn, and the entrance Tn1 portions at both ends of the tunnel Tn, specifically from the entrance Tn1. The first entrance illumination lamp having a lower illuminance than the second entrance lamp Ra2 disposed within the range of 20 to 50 m inside the tunnel and the second entrance lamp Ra2 disposed within the same range. Ra3.
A vehicle entry detection sensor (vehicle entry) detects the entry of the vehicle into the tunnel Tn above the roads 150 m away from the entrances Tn1 at both ends of the tunnel Tn. A kind of detection means) Sv is provided. Specifically, in the case of this embodiment, an ultrasonic sensor is used as the vehicle approach detection sensor Sv.
In addition, at the positions of the entrances Tn1 at both ends of the tunnel Tn, 1 m to 1.5 m above the ground, a human approach detection sensor (a type of human approach detection means) Sm that detects a person entering the tunnel Tn, A push button switch Sw operated by hand is provided. Specifically, in the case of this embodiment, an infrared sensor is used as the human approach detection sensor Sm.
A light receiving sensor (illuminance detecting means) Sr for detecting the illuminance outside the tunnel (under the open air) is disposed outside the tunnel Tn.
[0013]
The vehicle entry detection sensor Sv, the human entry detection sensor Sm, the light receiving sensor Sr, and the push button switch Sw for the pedestrian to press by hand are, as shown in FIG. 1, an electric wire (or a signal line such as an optical fiber). May be referred to as “electric wire” in this specification) and is connected to the control device Cb. In the case of this embodiment, the control device Cb is composed of a system control panel and an illumination distribution panel composed of relays and timers. However, it goes without saying that a computer and a relay can be used as the control device.
[0014]
Specifically, the control device Cb according to this embodiment has a configuration as shown in FIG. That is, when the vehicle entry detection sensor Sv detects the entry of the vehicle, the relay R1 of the in-board control B shown in FIG. 3 is excited, and as a result, the contact of the relay X1 of the in-board control A is closed. In this state, one of the contacts of the relays LC1 to LC3 is closed depending on whether the detection value from the light receiving sensor Sr corresponds to “when dark”, “when bright”, or “when brighter”. Therefore, for example, when the contact of the relay LC1 corresponding to “when the light receiving sensor Sr is dark” is closed, the basic illumination lamp Ra1 is turned on. Also, for example, when the contact of the relay LC3 corresponding to “when the light receiving sensor Sr is bright” is closed, the basic illumination light Ra1 and the first entrance illumination light Ra3 are turned on, and further, the light reception sensor Sr is “more” When the contact of the relay LC2 corresponding to “when bright” is closed, the basic illumination lamp Ra1, the first entrance illumination lamp Ra3 and the second entrance illumination lamp Ra2 are turned on.
[0015]
Further, when the human approach detection sensor Sm detects the entry of the human into the tunnel Tn, the relay R2 of the in-board control B shown in FIG. 3 is excited, and as a result, the contact of the relay X2 of the in-board control A is turned on. close. Then, the contact of the relay LC1 is closed on condition that the detection signal from the human approach detection sensor Sm is input. When the contact of the relay LC1 is closed, the basic illumination lamp Ra1 is turned on.
In addition, when a person is about to enter the tunnel Tn, the relay R2 of the in-panel control B shown in FIG. 3 is also excited by manipulating the push button switch Sw. The contact of the relay LC1 is closed on condition that the contact of the relay X2 of the control A is closed and the push button switch Sw is artificially operated.
[0016]
As described above, the illumination lamp Ra corresponding to the condition among the basic illumination lamp Ra1, the first entrance illumination lamp Ra3, and the second entrance illumination lamp Ra2 is turned on in accordance with each condition. FIG. 2 shows the lighting state of each illumination lamp according to the entry of the vehicle and the person into the tunnel Tn and the detection condition of the light receiving sensor Sr at that time when the weather is fine. That is, in FIG. 2, the horizontal axis represents the time zone of the day as a 24-hour display, with the basic illumination lamp Ra1 from the top vertically, the first entrance lamp Ra3 below it, and the second entrance lamp Ra2 at the bottom. The lighting state of the vehicle is indicated by a solid rectangle, and the approach of the vehicle or the person in the time zone shown on the horizontal axis, which constitutes the cause of the illumination, is indicated by a horizontal bar below the illumination state of these illumination lamps. From FIG. 2, it can be seen that, for example, when a person enters the tunnel Tn from 10:30 am to 11:30 am, only the basic illumination lamp Ra1 is turned on. Further, it can be seen that, when a person enters the tunnel Tn, only the basic illumination lamp Ra1 is lit regardless of the time of day. Furthermore, it can be seen that, when the vehicle enters the tunnel Tn during the time period from 4 pm (16:00) to 6:00 am the next day, only the basic illumination lamp Ra1 is turned on. In addition, when the vehicle enters the tunnel Tn during the time zone from 6 am to 9 am and from 2 pm (14:00) to 4 pm (16:00), the basic illumination light Ra1 and It can be seen that the first entrance illumination lamp Ra2 is lit. In addition, when the vehicle enters the tunnel Tn during the time period from 9 am to 2 pm (14:00), the basic illumination light Ra1, the first entrance illumination light Ra3, and the second entry illumination light Ra2 It turns out that lights up.
[0017]
Further, in the case of this embodiment, the illumination lamp Ra turned on as described above is turned off when the time counting function of the timer Tm of the control device Cb is activated and a predetermined time has elapsed, and the vehicle approach controlled by the timer Tm is entered. The relay Tm1 corresponding to the detection sensor Sv or the relay Tm2 corresponding to the human approach detection sensor Sm releases the self-holding that the excitation state of the relay X1 or the relay X2 self-holds, whereby the relay Tm1 or relay The contact TI or T2 of the Tm2 is opened, and the relay X1 or the relay X2 is deactivated, and as a result, is turned off. Here, in the case of this embodiment, the “predetermined time” is approximately twice the time required for a person to pass through the tunnel Tn when the object to be passed to the tunnel Tn is a pedestrian. In the case of a vehicle, the time is set to the time when approximately twice the time required for the vehicle to pass through the tunnel Tn has elapsed. However, this time may be set appropriately according to the tunnel Tn, according to the use conditions, or according to other conditions.
[0018]
In addition, instead of the control that turns off the light when a predetermined time has elapsed by the time counting function of the timer Tm, another control, for example, detection that detects that the vehicle or the pedestrian has gone out of the tunnel Tn is detected. A sensor may be provided separately to turn off the light. In such a case, finer control according to the passing object can be obtained.
[0019]
By the way, in the case of this embodiment, the so-called “fail-safe” concept of controlling the lighting lamp Ra to be turned on when a relay or the like of the lighting equipment breaks down is adopted. That is, when a failure of sensors such as the vehicle approach detection sensor Sv, the human approach detection sensor Sm or the light receiving sensor Sr, or a failure of each relay or the control device Cb is detected, the illumination lamp Ra is continuously A lit state is formed.
Specifically, for example, the control device Cb is configured by a computer, and entrance (exit) detection sensors for detecting entry and exit of a passing object are arranged at the entrance and exit of the tunnel Tn, and the tunnel Tn Even if a light receiving sensor is arranged so that a lighting object does not turn on even though a passing object has entered the tunnel Tn, it is determined that a failure has occurred in any of the lighting facilities, and the tunnel In the case where the control device Cb receives a signal that the entrance detection sensor on the exit side of the tunnel Tn detects that the passing object has come out even though the signal that the passing object has entered into Tn cannot be obtained. The system is configured to determine that a failure has occurred in one of the entry detection sensors and the like, and the failure of the light receiving sensor Sr in the weather condition disposed outside the tunnel Tn. , Keep in a plurality arranged at different signal is obtained, by configuring so as to determine that the photodetection sensor Sr has failed, it is possible to embody. Further, the detection of the failure may be configured such that the condition is generated only in the control device Cb and self-diagnosis is performed.
[0020]
By the way, in the case of the tunnel lighting equipment according to the present embodiment, an outside illuminating lamp Ra4 that illuminates the vicinity of the tunnel Tn entrance is provided outside the entrance of the tunnel Tn. When the entry detection sensor Sv or the human entry detection sensor Sm detects the entry of a vehicle or a person into the tunnel Tn, the relay R1 or R2 of the panel control B shown in FIG. 3 is excited, and as a result, the panel control The relay X2 of A is activated and the contact of the relay X2 is closed. Then, since the contact of the relay LC4 that is opened and closed by a signal from the timer Tm arranged in series with the contact of the relay X2 is closed in a time zone that becomes dark or close to sunset, the time zone As described above, when the contact point of the relay X2 is closed, the exterior illumination lamp Ra4 is turned on as a result. That is, the timer Tm will be further described. The timer Tm has a calendar function, and stores “sunrise time” and “sunset time” of each day of the year (multiple years) as data. The relay LC4 is controlled.
[0021]
Thus, according to the tunnel lighting equipment according to the present invention, it is not always lit as in the conventional tunnel lighting equipment, but only when a vehicle or a passerby enters the tunnel, that is, the illumination is Since necessary and sufficient illumination lamps are turned on only when necessary, energy is not wasted and the environment is friendly. In addition, since necessary and sufficient illumination can be obtained for the person entering the tunnel Tn, the original function of the lighting equipment is not impaired at all. Furthermore, in addition to adding a function to determine that one of the lighting equipment configurations of this tunnel has failed, and in the event of a failure, if all the lighting lights are turned on, Moreover, tunnel users will not feel any inconvenience.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
Thus, according to the lighting equipment of the tunnel according to the present invention, only the necessary lighting is turned on only when necessary, so that the lighting is not turned on when a vehicle or a passerby does not enter the tunnel. Therefore, it becomes a tunnel lighting installation without waste.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a model of an arrangement state and an overall configuration of a sensor of a tunnel illumination facility according to an embodiment of the present invention with respect to a tunnel.
[Fig. 2] Illumination in a tunnel with the passage of a passing object in clear weather, with the time axis taken horizontally and the type of illumination light taken vertically, and the illumination status shown in shaded blocks It is a figure which shows a state.
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a control circuit including sensors showing one embodiment of a control circuit that performs electrical control of the lighting equipment of the tunnel shown in FIG. 1;
[Explanation of symbols]
Tn ... tunnel Ra ... illuminating lamp Cb ... control device Sv ... vehicle entry detection sensor (entrance detection means)
Sm ... Human approach detection sensor (entrance detection means)
X1 ... Relay (lighting switch)
X2 ... Relay (lighting switch)

Claims

In lighting equipment that illuminates the inside of a tunnel with an illumination light,
A lighting switch for turning on and off the illumination light, a control device for controlling the operation of the lighting switch, an entry detecting means for detecting the entry of a passing object into the tunnel, and an illuminance detection for detecting illuminance outside the tunnel Having means,
The illumination lamp comprises at least a basic illumination lamp and an entrance illumination lamp,
Further, the entry detection means comprises at least vehicle entry detection means for detecting entry of a vehicle and human entry detection means for detecting entry of a person,
When the control device detects the entry of the vehicle into the tunnel from the vehicle approach detection means, the illuminance detection means detects the illuminance outside the tunnel at that time,
When it is determined that the outside of the tunnel is bright, a lighting signal is issued to each lighting switch for the basic illumination lamp and the entrance illumination lamp to turn on the basic illumination lamp and the entrance illumination lamp, and the basic illumination lamp and the entrance illumination lamp are turned on. Turn on
When it is determined that the outside of the tunnel is dark, control is performed so as to turn on the basic illumination lamp by emitting a signal to the lighting switch for the basic illumination lamp so that the basic illumination lamp is lit.
When the control device detects an entry of a human into the tunnel from the human approach detection means, the basic illumination of the illuminating lights, regardless of the state of the detection signal from the illuminance detection means. It is configured to control to turn on only the basic illumination lamp by emitting a lighting signal to the lighting switch for the basic illumination lamp so that only the lamp is lit.
Furthermore, the lighting equipment of the tunnel is provided with a light receiving sensor for detecting lighting of an illuminating lamp in the tunnel,
Even if the approach detection means detects the entry of a vehicle or a human, the light receiving sensor does not detect lighting of the illuminating lamp,
Or, even if the entry detection means does not detect the entry of a vehicle or a person, the light receiving sensor detects the lighting of the illumination lamp,
The control unit is configured to control the lighting unit to continuously turn on the lighting unit when it is determined that a failure has occurred in the lighting unit.

The tunnel lighting equipment includes an outside illuminating lamp disposed outside the tunnel entrance so as to illuminate the vicinity of the tunnel entrance, and a relay that is closed under the control of the control device and lights the outside illuminating lamp. ,
A timer with a calendar function that stores the annual “sunrise time” and “sunset time” as data,
In series with the relay, another relay that is opened and closed by the timer is provided,
And the vehicle entry detection means is arranged at a position spaced outward from the entrances at both ends of the tunnel, and the human entry detection means is arranged at the entrances at both ends of the tunnel,
The control device closes the relay when the vehicle entry detection means detects vehicle entry or the human entry detection means detects human entry, and the timer detects sunset when the calendar function detects the relay. 2. The tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the second relay is closed and the outside illuminating lamp is turned on in the dark state from the time to the sunrise time. Lighting equipment.

The entrance lamp comprises at least a first entrance lamp and a second entrance lamp with higher illuminance than that,
The illuminance detection means is configured to detect a state of at least three stages of “when dark”, “when bright”, and “when brighter”,
When the control device detects the entry of the vehicle into the tunnel from the vehicle entry detection means, the illuminance detection means detects any one of the three stages,
When it is in a “brighter” state, a lighting signal is issued to each lighting switch for the first entrance lighting lamp and the second entrance lighting lamp to turn on the first entrance lighting lamp and the second entrance lighting lamp. Illuminating the first entrance lamp and the second entrance lamp,
When it is in a “bright” state, a lighting signal is issued to a lighting switch for the first entrance lighting so as to turn on the first entrance lighting, and control is performed so that the first entrance lighting is turned on. 3. The lighting equipment for tunnels according to claim 1 or 2.