JP3918728B2 - Electric heating glass device - Google Patents

Description

【００２１】
通電停止パターンは、フロントガラス１に曇りが発生しない状態と判断した時に設定されるもので、Ｄｒ側電熱膜２ＬとＰａ側電熱膜２Ｒの両方の通電を停止するパターンである。
並列通電パターン▲１▼は、Ｄｒ側領域およびＰａ側領域の両領域に曇りが発生する条件が成立すると判断した時、あるいは氷結発生の条件が成立すると判断した時に設定されるもので、大きな加熱量でフロントガラス１の全域を急速加熱するべく、Ｄｒ側電熱膜２ＬとＰａ側電熱膜２Ｒを並列通電するパターンである。
【００２２】
Ｐａ側独立通電パターン▲２▼は、Ｐａ側領域のみに曇りが発生する条件が成立すると判断した時に設定されるもので、フロントガラス１のＰａ側領域のみを加熱するべく、Ｐａ側電熱膜２Ｒのみを通電するパターンである。
Ｄｒ側独立通電パターン▲３▼は、Ｄｒ側領域のみに曇りが発生する条件が成立すると判断した時に設定されるもので、フロントガラス１のＤｒ側領域のみを加熱するべく、Ｄｒ側電熱膜２Ｌのみを通電するパターンである。
【００２３】
直列通電パターン▲４▼は、フロントガラス１に曇りが発生し易い状態（曇ってはいないが、曇る可能性がある状態）と判断した時に設定されるもので、小さな加熱量でフロントガラス１の全域を加熱するべく、Ｄｒ側電熱膜２ＬとＰａ側電熱膜２Ｒを直列通電するパターンである。
なお、直列通電パターン▲４▼の設定時は、図２に示されるように、Ｄｒ側電極対３Ｌ、４Ｌの一方に電力供給される場合、Ｄｒ側電極対３Ｌ、４Ｌの他方がアース接地（マイナス接地）されるように分配器５等によって切り替えられるものである。
【００２４】
次に、通電手段によるＤｒ側電熱膜２ＬとＰａ側電熱膜２Ｒの通電パターンの切替制御を図３のフローチャートを参照して説明する。
Ｄｒ側電熱膜２ＬとＰａ側電熱膜２Ｒの通電パターンの切替制御のルーチンに進入すると（スタート）、先ず、ステップＳ1 〜Ｓ4 においてフロントガラス１の状態を読み取る。
具体的には、ガラス温度センサによって、フロントガラス１の温度を検出し（ステップＳ1 ）、湿度センサによって車室内の湿度を検出する（ステップＳ2 ）。続いて、フロントガラス１の温度と車室内湿度との関係から露点温度（水蒸気の結露によってフロントガラス１に曇りが発生する温度）を算出する（ステップＳ3 ）。続いて、温度分布検出手段（マトリクスＩＲセンサ等）によってフロントガラス１の温度分布を検出する（ステップＳ4 ）。
【００２５】
次に、フロントガラス１の温度が露点温度以下（即ち、曇りが発生する状態）であるか否かを判断する（ステップＳ5 ）。
このステップＳ5 の判断結果がYES の場合は、Ｄｒ側領域が曇りを発生する温度であるか否かを判断する（ステップＳ6 ）。このステップＳ6 の判断結果がNOの場合は、Ｐａ側領域だけ曇りが発生する状態であると判断し、通電パターン▲２▼を選択し、Ｐａ側電熱膜２Ｒのみ通電する（ステップＳ7 ）。
【００２６】
ステップＳ6 の判断結果がYES の場合は、Ｐａ側領域が曇りを発生する温度であるか否かを判断する（ステップＳ8 ）。このステップＳ8 の判断結果がNOの場合は、Ｄｒ側領域だけ曇りが発生する状態であると判断し、通電パターン▲３▼を選択し、Ｄｒ側電熱膜２Ｌのみ通電する（ステップＳ9 ）。
また、ステップＳ8 の判断結果がYES の場合は、Ｄｒ側領域とＰａ側領域の両方が曇りを発生する状態であると判断し、通電パターン▲１▼を選択し、Ｄｒ側電熱膜２ＬとＰａ側電熱膜２Ｒの両方を並列通電する（ステップＳ10）。
【００２７】
一方、ステップＳ5 の判断結果がNOの場合（現状では曇りが発生しない状態）は、Ｄｒ側領域およびＰａ側領域のガラス温度と、露点温度との差が所定温度Ｔth以内（ガラスに曇りが発生し易い状態）であるか否かを判断する（ステップＳ11）。
このステップＳ11の判断結果がYES の場合（曇りが発生し易い状態）は、通電パターン▲４▼を選択し、Ｄｒ側電熱膜２ＬとＰａ側電熱膜２Ｒの両方を直列通電する（ステップＳ12）。
また、ステップＳ11の判断結果がNOの場合（曇りが発生しない状態）は、通電を停止する通電停止パターンを選択する。
なお、上記の通電パターンの切替制御は、上記のフローチャートに示す制御を一定時間ごとに繰り返して行うものであり、常にフロントガラス１の状態を自動監視して通電パターンを自動的に切り替えるものである。
【００２８】
（実施例の効果）
上記の表１に示したように、Ｄｒ側電熱膜２ＬとＰａ側電熱膜２Ｒの両方を並列通電して、フロントガラス１のほぼ全体を加熱する場合の消費電力を１とした場合、Ｄｒ側電熱膜２Ｌのみを通電して、Ｄｒ側領域のみを加熱する場合の消費電力は半分の０．５に抑えられる。また、Ｐａ側電熱膜２Ｒのみを通電して、Ｐａ側領域のみを加熱する場合の消費電力も半分の０．５に抑えられる。
【００２９】
即ち、従来では、Ｄｒ側領域のみに曇りが発生する場合や、Ｐａ側領域のみに曇りが発生する場合は、フロントガラス１のほぼ全域を加熱しなくてはならず、消費電力が１であったものを、この実施例では、Ｄｒ側領域のみに曇りが発生する場合はＤｒ側電熱膜２Ｌのみを通電し、通電の必要のないＰａ側電熱膜２Ｒの通電を停止して消費電力を半分の０．５に抑えることができるとともに、Ｐａ側領域のみに曇りが発生する場合はＰａ側電熱膜２Ｒのみを通電し、通電の必要のないＤｒ側電熱膜２Ｌの通電を停止して消費電力を半分の０．５に抑えることができる。
このように、加熱の必要の無い領域の通電を停止できるため、無駄な電力消費を抑えることができる。この結果、車載電源（バッテリ）の負担を軽減できるとともに、発電量を減らすことができ、エンジンの省動力化を図ることが可能になる。
【００３０】
また、この実施例では、通電手段が曇りを発生し易い状態であると判断した場合に、通電パターン▲４▼を選択し、Ｄｒ側電熱膜２ＬとＰａ側電熱膜２Ｒを直列通電して、曇りを予防した。
ここで、従来技術のように、通電パターンが１つしかないと、曇り予防のためにフロントガラス１のほぼ全域を加熱して大きな消費電力（表１の消費電力＝１）が必要となるが、この実施例ではＤｒ側電熱膜２ＬとＰａ側電熱膜２Ｒを直列通電したため、通電抵抗が大きくなり、消費電力を１／４の０．２５に抑えることができる。
即ち、省電力でフロントガラス１の曇りを予防でき、車載電源（バッテリ）の負担を軽減できるとともに、発電量を減らすことができ、エンジンの省動力化を図ることができる。
【００３１】
さらに、この実施例では、通電手段によってフロントガラス１の状態を検出し、その検出結果に基づいて複数の通電パターンを切り替えた。このように、通電手段が通電パターンを自動的に切り替えるため、利便性に優れるとともに、人為的な操作であれば、無駄な通電（消し忘れ、通電の必要の無い領域への通電等）が発生するが、自動切り替えによって無駄な通電を抑えることができる。
【００３２】
［第２実施例］
図４を参照して第２実施例を説明する。なお、以下の各実施例において、第１実施例と同一符号は同一機能物を示すものである。
上記の第１実施例では、フロントガラス１のＤｒ側領域とＰａ側領域を独立して加熱するために、Ｄｒ側電熱膜２Ｌと、Ｐａ側電熱膜２Ｒを独立してフロントガラス１に設けた例を示した。
これに対し、この第２実施例では、フロントガラス１のほぼ全面に１枚だけ透明電熱膜２を配置し、この透明電熱膜２を通電するための電極対を、Ｄｒ側領域にある透明電熱膜２を通電するＤｒ側電極対３Ｌ、４Ｌと、Ｐａ側領域にある透明電熱膜２を通電するＰａ側電極対３Ｒ、４Ｒに分割したものである。
【００３３】
即ち、Ｄｒ側電極対３Ｌ、４Ｌのみを通電することにより、フロントガラス１のＤｒ側領域のみを加熱でき、Ｐａ側電極対３Ｒ、４Ｒのみを通電することにより、フロントガラス１のＰａ側領域のみを加熱でき、Ｄｒ側電極対３Ｌ、４ＬとＰａ側電極対３Ｒ、４Ｒの両方を並列通電することにより、フロントガラス１のほぼ全域を加熱できる。
Ｄｒ側領域のみの加熱、Ｐａ側領域のみの加熱、フロントガラス１全体の加熱の切替制御は、第１実施例のフローチャート（図３参照）と同様な制御で実施できる。ただし、図３のステップＳ12では、直列通電パターン▲４▼ではなく、並列通電パターン▲１▼を選択するとともに、通電回路に抵抗体等の電力調整手段（図示しない）を介在させて並列通電電流を抑えて消費電力を抑えるものである。
このように設けられることにより、第１実施例と同様の効果を得ることができる。
【００３４】
また、上述した第１実施例では、フロントガラス１にＤｒ側電熱膜２ＬとＰａ側電熱膜２Ｒを独立して設けたため、フロントガラス１の略中央にＤｒ側電熱膜２ＬとＰａ側電熱膜２Ｒの境界ができたり、Ｄｒ側電熱膜２ＬあるいはＰａ側電熱膜２Ｒが存在する部分と、存在しない部分とが、光の加減で視認できる可能性がある。これに対し、この第２実施例では、フロントガラス１のほぼ全面に１枚の透明電熱膜２を設けるものであるため、フロントガラス１に境界線等が視認できない利点がある。
【００３５】
［第３実施例］
図５を参照して第３実施例を説明する。
上記の第２実施例では、フロントガラス１のＤｒ側領域、Ｐａ側領域、あるいはフロントガラス１全体の各領域を均一的に加熱する例を示した。
これに対し、この第３実施例は、フロントガラス１の所定の局部を中心に加熱することが可能なものである。
【００３６】
具体的に、この実施例では、図５（ａ）に示すように、Ｐａ側電極対３Ｒ、４ＲおよびＤｒ側電極対３Ｌ、４Ｌの上側電極３Ｌを通電する通電パターンを選択することにより、Ｐａ側領域の下側センター寄り部分（図中丸で囲まれる部分参照）に電流が集中することを利用して、その部分から加熱を開始することができる。
また、図５（ｂ）に示すように、Ｄｒ側電極対３Ｌ、４ＬおよびＰａ側電極対３Ｒ、４Ｒの上側電極３Ｒを通電する通電パターンを選択することにより、Ｄｒ側領域の下側センター寄り部分（図中丸で囲まれる部分参照）に電流が集中することを利用して、その部分から加熱を開始することができる。
【００３７】
また、図５（ｃ）に示すように、Ｐａ側電極対３Ｒ、４ＲおよびＤｒ側電極対３Ｌ、４Ｌの下側電極４Ｌを通電する通電パターンを選択することにより、Ｐａ側領域の上側センター寄り部分（図中丸で囲まれる部分参照）に電流が集中することを利用して、その部分から加熱を開始することができる。
さらに、図５（ｄ）に示すように、Ｄｒ側電極対３Ｌ、４ＬおよびＰａ側電極対３Ｒ、４Ｒの下側電極４Ｒを通電する通電パターンを選択することにより、Ｄｒ側領域の上側センター寄り部分（図中丸で囲まれる部分参照）に電流が集中することを利用して、その部分から加熱を開始することができる。
なお、上記の通電パターンは、温度分布検出手段（マトリクスＩＲセンサ等）の検出するフロントガラス１の温度分布を基に通電手段によって自動設定されるものである。
【００３８】
［第４実施例］
上記の第２実施例では、並列通電パターン（Ｄｒ側電極対３Ｌ、４ＬおよびＰａ側電極対３Ｒ、４Ｒを並列通電する並列通電パターン▲１▼）の際に、その通電回路に抵抗体等の電力調整手段を介在させて発熱を抑え、消費電力を抑える例を示した。
これに対し、この第４実施例では、フロントガラス１の温度状態に応じて、独立通電パターン▲２▼、▲３▼あるいは直列通電パターン▲４▼であっても、透明電熱膜２（Ｄｒ側電熱膜２Ｌ、Ｐａ側電熱膜２Ｒを含む）の通電回路に抵抗体等の電力調整手段を介在させて発熱を抑え、消費電力を抑えるようにしたものである。
【００３９】
［第５実施例］
上記の各実施例では、透明電熱膜２（Ｄｒ側電熱膜２Ｌ、Ｐａ側電熱膜２Ｒを含む）を通電してフロントガラス１の解氷運転、曇除去運転、曇予防運転を行う例を示した。
これに対し、この第５実施例では、フロントガラス１の温度が所定温度以下（氷結温度以下）あるいはフロントガラス１の温度が露点温度よりも所定温度以上低い状態（所定条件の曇り状態）であると通電手段が判断した場合に、車両用空調装置（図示しない）の吹出モードをデフロスタ吹出モードに設定して、デフロスタ吹出しを併用するものである。このように設けることにより、フロントガラス１の加熱速度を速めることができる。
【００４０】
なお、本実施例では、車両用空調装置の作動時で、且つ吹出モードがオートモード時に、自動的にデフロスタ吹出モードに変更するものであるが、フロントガラス１の温度等に応じてフロントガラス１へ吹き出される風量を増加させたり、吹出温度を上げるように制御しても良い。また、車両用空調装置がOFF されている状態でも、透明電熱膜２によって検出されるフロントガラス１の温度等に応じて車両用空調装置を起動して、デフロスタ吹出モードを併用してフロントガラス１を加熱するようにしても良い。
【００４１】
［第６実施例］
図６を参照して第６実施例を説明する。
この第６実施例は、通電手段において透明電熱膜２（Ｄｒ側電熱膜２Ｌ、Ｐａ側電熱膜２Ｒを含む：図６中、ＥＨＷ）を通電する条件が成立した場合、エンジン冷却水（図６中、Ｅ／Ｇ水温）の温度が所定温度に到達する前は、車両用空調装置の吹出モードがデフロスタ吹出モード（図６中、ＤＥＦ）に設定されることを禁止して透明電熱膜２（Ｄｒ側電熱膜２Ｌ、Ｐａ側電熱膜２Ｒを含む）のみを通電するものであり、エンジン冷却水の温度が所定温度に到達した後は、車両用空調装置の吹出モードがデフロスタ吹出モードに設定されることを禁止しないものである。
【００４２】
具体的に、例えば図６に示すように、エンジンの始動後に透明電熱膜２（Ｄｒ側電熱膜２Ｌ、Ｐａ側電熱膜２Ｒを含む）を通電する条件が成立した場合、エンジン冷却水の温度が所定温度（例えば、４０℃）に到達するまでは、透明電熱膜２（Ｄｒ側電熱膜２Ｌ、Ｐａ側電熱膜２Ｒを含む）を通電してフロントガラス１の加熱制御を実施し、デフロスタ吹出モードによるフロントガラス１の加熱制御を停止させるものである。そして、エンジン冷却水の温度が所定温度以上に上昇した後は、デフロスタ吹出モードによるフロントガラス１の加熱制御を許可するものである。
【００４３】
さらに具体的な一例を示すと、エンジン冷却水の温度が所定温度に到達するまでは、透明電熱膜２（Ｄｒ側電熱膜２Ｌ、Ｐａ側電熱膜２Ｒを含む）を通電してフロントガラス１の加熱制御を実施し、エンジン冷却水の温度が所定温度以上に上昇した後は、デフロスタ吹出モードによるフロントガラス１の加熱制御を行うものである。
このように設けることにより、エンジン排熱を有効に利用できるため、車載電源（バッテリ）の負担を軽減できるとともに、発電量を減らすことができ、エンジンの省動力化を図ることができる。
【００４４】
なお、この実施例では、エンジン冷却水の温度が所定温度以上に上昇した後に、デフロスタ吹出モードによるフロントガラス１の加熱制御を行う例を示すが、エンジン冷却水の温度が所定温度以上に上昇した後であっても、フロントガラス１の状態等に応じて、透明電熱膜２（Ｄｒ側電熱膜２Ｌ、Ｐａ側電熱膜２Ｒを含む）の通電、透明電熱膜２（Ｄｒ側電熱膜２Ｌ、Ｐａ側電熱膜２Ｒを含む）とデフロスタ吹出モードの併用、デフロスタ吹出モードのみによるフロントガラス１の加熱制御を切り替えるようにしても良い。
【００４５】
［変形例］
上記の実施例では、フロントガラス１の複数の領域を独立して加熱する例として、Ｄｒ側領域とＰａ側領域の２つの領域を独立加熱する例を示したが、３つ以上の領域を独立加熱可能に設けても良い。
即ち、フロントガラス１の３つ以上の領域毎に独立した透明電熱膜を配置したり（請求項１に関連した変形例）、フロントガラス１の３つ以上の領域を独立加熱できるように、３組以上の電極対を設けても良い（請求項２に関連した変形例）。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】複数の透明電熱膜が設けられたフロントガラスの概略図である（第１実施例）。
【図２】複数の透明電熱膜の通電パターンを示す説明図である（第１実施例）。
【図３】複数の透明電熱膜の通電制御を行うフローチャートである（第１実施例）。
【図４】１枚の透明電熱膜に複数の電極対が設けられたフロントガラスの概略図である（第２実施例）。
【図５】１枚の透明電熱膜に複数の電極対が設けられた透明電熱膜の通電パターンを示す説明図である（第３実施例）。
【図６】エンジン始動後のエンジン冷却水の温度上昇を示すグラフである（第６実施例）。
【図７】１枚の透明電熱膜に１組の電極対が設けられたフロントガラスの概略図である（従来例）。
【符号の説明】
１ フロントガラス
２ 透明電熱膜（フロントガラスの略全面に配置された透明電熱膜）
２Ｌ Ｄｒ側電熱膜（Ｄｒ側領域を独立して加熱する透明電熱膜）
２Ｒ Ｐａ側電熱膜（Ｐａ側領域を独立して加熱する透明電熱膜）
３Ｌ、４Ｌ Ｄｒ側電極対（Ｄｒ側領域を独立して加熱する電極対）
３Ｒ、４Ｒ Ｐａ側電極対（Ｐａ側領域を独立して加熱する電極対）[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an electrothermal glass device that conducts and heats a transparent electrothermal film provided on a windshield of a vehicle to perform a defrosting operation, a defogging operation, and the like of the windshield.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As shown in FIG. 7, a single transparent electrothermal film 2 is disposed on almost the entire surface of the windshield 1 of the vehicle, and the transparent electrothermal film 2 is energized and heated, thereby defrosting the windshield 1 and removing the fog. There is known an electrothermal glass device that performs driving or a fog prevention operation for preventing fogging before fogging occurs when fogging may occur on the windshield 1 (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). .
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 64-90847 [Patent Document 2]
JP-A-1-273750 [0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventionally, it has a structure in which a single transparent electrothermal film 2 provided approximately the same size as the windshield 1 is sandwiched between laminated glasses, and has only one pair of electrode pairs 3 and 4. . The heating of the windshield 1 by the transparent electrothermal film 2 has a demand for reducing the power consumption of the transparent electrothermal film 2 as much as possible because the burden on the in-vehicle power source (battery) is large.
However, in the above structure, since there can be only one energization pattern, naturally there is only one heat generation pattern. For this reason, even if it is a case where the cloudiness which generate | occur | produced in the one corner of the windshield 1 is removed, it is necessary to heat the whole surface of the windshield 1. FIG.
In other words, conventionally, the structure was used to wastefully heat even an area that does not require heating, resulting in wasteful power consumption.
[0005]
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to stop energizing a region of the windshield on which a transparent electrothermal film is disposed that does not require heating, thereby reducing wasteful power consumption. The object is to provide an electrothermal glass device that can be suppressed.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
[Means of Claim 1]
Heating glass equipment which employs the claims 1 stops the power supply to the unnecessary region of the pressure thermal, it is possible to suppress an unnecessary power consumption.
[0008]
Energizing means for energizing the transparency electric heating film, it detects the states of a plurality of areas of the windshield, to determine the heating pattern of a plurality of areas of the windshield on the basis of the detection result.
That is, the region that satisfies the heating condition can be automatically heated, and wasteful power consumption due to manual switching of the heating pattern can be suppressed.
[0010]
The energization means includes an independent energization pattern in which the temperature of the windshield detected by the glass temperature sensor is equal to or lower than the dew point temperature and independently energizes only one area of the transparent electrothermal film, and a parallel energization of the transparent electrothermal films in a plurality of areas in parallel. An energization pattern and a series energization pattern for energizing the transparent electrothermal films in a plurality of regions in series are provided to be switchable.
As a result, the independent energization pattern, it is possible to heat only the glass region that is the below the dew point temperature.
Further, the parallel energization pattern can rapidly heat a plurality of areas. That is, it is possible to quickly remove ice from a plurality of areas and remove fog.
Furthermore, the series energization pattern can slowly heating a plurality of regions. That is, a plurality of regions can be heated with power saving.
[0012]
[Means of claim 2]
The energization means of the electrothermal glass device adopting the means of claim 2 is based on the detection result of the glass temperature sensor and the humidity sensor, where the windshield is in a frozen state or the temperature of the windshield detected by the glass temperature sensor. When it is determined that the temperature is lower than the calculated dew point temperature , the transparent electrothermal film is energized and the blowing mode of the vehicle air conditioner is set to the defroster blowing mode.
As a result, the heating speed of the windshield can be increased, and deicing and clouding can be quickly removed.
[0013]
[Means of claim 3 ]
When the condition for energizing the transparent electrothermal film is established, the energizing means of the electrothermal glass apparatus adopting the means of claim 3 is configured such that the blowing mode of the vehicle air conditioner is set before the engine coolant temperature reaches a predetermined temperature. After setting the defroster blowing mode to prohibit the setting of the defroster blowing mode, energize only the transparent electrothermal membrane and the engine coolant temperature reaches the predetermined temperature. The blowing mode of the vehicle air conditioner should be set to the defroster blowing mode. Is allowed.
In other words, when the windshield cannot be heated using the engine coolant as a heat source, the windshield is heated only by the transparent electrothermal film, and wasteful power consumption is suppressed by stopping unnecessary defroster blowing. Can do.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described using a plurality of examples and modifications.
[First embodiment]
The electrothermal glass apparatus in the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. First, the structure of the electrothermal glass apparatus in a present Example is demonstrated with reference to FIG.
[0015]
The electrothermal glass device energizes a plurality of independent transparent electrothermal films (Dr-side electrothermal film 2L and Pa-side electrothermal film 2R described below) provided on a windshield 1 of a vehicle, and thereby multiple areas (described later) of the windshield 1 are provided. (Dr side area, Pa side area) is heated to melt the ice deposited on the windshield 1, defrosting operation to remove the fog caused by the condensation water adhering to the windshield 1, and the front The anti-fogging operation is performed to prevent fogging in a state where the glass 1 is likely to be fogged.
[0016]
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the front windshield 1 has a front region in the vehicle traveling direction left side (hereinafter referred to as Dr side region) and a vehicle traveling direction right side region (hereinafter referred to as Pa side region) that can be heated independently. A left transparent electrothermal film (hereinafter referred to as Dr-side electrothermal film 2L) is provided in the Dr-side region of glass 1, and a right transparent electrothermal film (hereinafter referred to as Pa-side electrothermal film 2R) is independently provided in the Pa-side region.
On the upper and lower sides of the Dr-side electrothermal film 2L, a pair of transparent electrodes (hereinafter referred to as Dr-side electrode pairs 3L and 4L) for energizing the Dr-side electrothermal film 2L are provided.
A pair of transparent electrodes (hereinafter referred to as Pa-side electrode pairs 3R, 4R) for energizing the Pa-side electrothermal film 2R are also provided on the upper and lower sides of the Pa-side electrothermal film 2R.
The Dr-side electrothermal film 2L and the Dr-side electrode pairs 3L and 4L, and the Pa-side electrothermal film 2R and the Pa-side electrode pairs 3R and 4R are both sandwiched between the laminated glasses constituting the windshield 1. It adheres to the windshield 1.
[0017]
The Dr-side electrothermal film 2L and the Pa-side electrothermal film 2R are energized and controlled by energization means (for example, a control device for vehicle air conditioning: not shown).
This energization means detects the state of the Dr side area and the Pa side area of the windshield 1 (the icing state, the state where fogging due to condensation occurs, the state where fogging is likely to occur, the state where no fogging occurs), and the detection thereof. Based on the results, the energization patterns (the Dr-side region and the Pa-side region heating pattern) of the Dr-side electrothermal film 2L and the Pa-side electrothermal film 2R are provided.
[0018]
In this embodiment, as means for detecting the state of the Dr side region and the Pa side region, a glass temperature sensor (not shown) for detecting the temperature of the windshield 1, a humidity sensor (not shown) for detecting the humidity in the vehicle interior, A temperature distribution detecting means (for example, a matrix IR sensor or the like: not shown) for detecting the temperature distribution of the windshield 1 (mainly the temperature distribution in the Dr side region and the Pa side region) is provided.
Note that the temperature distribution detecting means and the glass temperature sensor may be used together to measure the temperature of the windshield 1 from the temperature distribution detected by the temperature distribution detecting means. Further, the average temperature of the windshield 1 is detected from the resistance values of the Dr-side electrothermal film 2L and the Pa-side electrothermal film 2R (resistance value change with respect to temperature change), and the respective temperatures of the Dr-side area and the Pa-side area are detected. You may make it do.
[0019]
The energization means switches the energization pattern of the Dr-side electrothermal film 2L and the Pa-side electrothermal film 2R in accordance with the state of the Dr-side area and the Pa-side area. This will be described with reference to Table 1.
The energization means of this embodiment includes an energization stop pattern, a parallel energization pattern (1), a Pa-side independent energization pattern (2), a Dr-side independent energization pattern (3), according to the state of the Dr-side region and the Pa-side region. One of the five patterns of the series energization pattern (4) is selected.
The energization pattern is switched by a distributor 5 (an energization switching switch that is controlled to be switched by energization means) disposed in the energization circuit of the Dr-side electrothermal film 2L and the Pa-side electrothermal film 2R.
[0020]
[Table 1]

[0021]
The energization stop pattern is set when it is determined that the windshield 1 is not fogged, and is a pattern for stopping energization of both the Dr-side heating film 2L and the Pa-side heating film 2R.
The parallel energization pattern {circle around (1)} is set when it is determined that the conditions for fogging occur in both the Dr side region and the Pa side region, or when it is determined that the condition for freezing occurs, This is a pattern in which the Dr-side electrothermal film 2L and the Pa-side electrothermal film 2R are energized in parallel in order to rapidly heat the entire area of the windshield 1.
[0022]
The Pa-side independent energization pattern {circle around (2)} is set when it is determined that the condition that fogging occurs only in the Pa-side region, and the Pa-side electrothermal film 2R is used to heat only the Pa-side region of the windshield 1. It is a pattern to energize only.
The Dr-side independent energization pattern {circle around (3)} is set when it is determined that the condition that fogging occurs only in the Dr-side region is satisfied, and in order to heat only the Dr-side region of the windshield 1, the Dr-side electrothermal film 2L It is a pattern to energize only.
[0023]
The series energization pattern (4) is set when it is determined that the windshield 1 is likely to be fogged (not fogged but may be clouded). In order to heat the entire region, the Dr-side electrothermal film 2L and the Pa-side electrothermal film 2R are energized in series.
When setting the series energization pattern (4), as shown in FIG. 2, when power is supplied to one of the Dr-side electrode pair 3L, 4L, the other of the Dr-side electrode pair 3L, 4L is grounded ( It is switched by the distributor 5 or the like so as to be negatively grounded.
[0024]
Next, switching control of the energization pattern between the Dr-side electrothermal film 2L and the Pa-side electrothermal film 2R by the energization means will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
When entering the routine for switching control of the energization pattern of the Dr-side electrothermal film 2L and the Pa-side electrothermal film 2R (start), first, the state of the windshield 1 is read in steps S1 to S4.
Specifically, the temperature of the windshield 1 is detected by the glass temperature sensor (step S1), and the humidity in the vehicle compartment is detected by the humidity sensor (step S2). Subsequently, a dew point temperature (a temperature at which the windshield 1 is fogged due to dew condensation of water vapor) is calculated from the relationship between the temperature of the windshield 1 and the humidity in the passenger compartment (step S3). Subsequently, the temperature distribution of the windshield 1 is detected by a temperature distribution detecting means (matrix IR sensor or the like) (step S4).
[0025]
Next, it is determined whether or not the temperature of the windshield 1 is equal to or lower than the dew point temperature (that is, a state in which clouding occurs) (step S5).
If the decision result in the step S5 is YES, it is judged whether or not the temperature on the Dr side region is cloudy (step S6). If the determination result in step S6 is NO, it is determined that clouding occurs only in the Pa side region, the energization pattern (2) is selected, and only the Pa side electrothermal film 2R is energized (step S7).
[0026]
If the decision result in the step S6 is YES, it is judged whether or not the Pa side region has a temperature at which fogging occurs (step S8). If the result of determination at step S8 is NO, it is determined that clouding occurs only in the Dr side region, the energization pattern (3) is selected, and only the Dr side electrothermal film 2L is energized (step S9).
On the other hand, if the decision result in the step S8 is YES, it is judged that both the Dr side region and the Pa side region are clouded, the energization pattern (1) is selected, and the Dr side electrothermal film 2L and Pa Both side electrothermal films 2R are energized in parallel (step S10).
[0027]
On the other hand, if the determination result in step S5 is NO (currently, no fogging occurs), the difference between the glass temperature of the Dr side region and the Pa side region and the dew point temperature is within a predetermined temperature Tth (clouding occurs in the glass). It is determined whether it is in a state where it is easy to do (step S11).
If the determination result in step S11 is YES (a state where fogging is likely to occur), the energization pattern (4) is selected, and both the Dr-side heating film 2L and the Pa-side heating film 2R are energized in series (step S12). .
On the other hand, if the determination result in step S11 is NO (a state in which clouding does not occur), an energization stop pattern for stopping energization is selected.
In addition, the switching control of the energization pattern is performed by repeatedly performing the control shown in the flowchart at regular intervals, and the state of the windshield 1 is always automatically monitored to automatically switch the energization pattern. .
[0028]
(Effect of Example)
As shown in Table 1 above, when both the Dr-side heating film 2L and the Pa-side heating film 2R are energized in parallel and the power consumption when heating almost the entire windshield 1 is 1, the Dr side When only the electrothermal film 2L is energized and only the Dr-side region is heated, the power consumption is suppressed to 0.5, which is half. In addition, when only the Pa-side electrothermal film 2R is energized and only the Pa-side region is heated, the power consumption is also reduced to half, which is 0.5.
[0029]
That is, conventionally, when fogging occurs only in the Dr-side region, or when fogging occurs only in the Pa-side region, almost the entire area of the windshield 1 must be heated, and the power consumption is 1. However, in this embodiment, when cloudiness occurs only in the Dr-side region, only the Dr-side heating film 2L is energized and the energization of the Pa-side heating film 2R that is not required to be energized is stopped to reduce the power consumption by half. In the case where fogging occurs only in the Pa side region, only the Pa side electrothermal film 2R is energized, and the energization of the Dr side electrothermal film 2L that is not required to be energized is stopped. Can be reduced to half of 0.5.
In this way, since energization of a region that does not require heating can be stopped, wasteful power consumption can be suppressed. As a result, it is possible to reduce the burden on the in-vehicle power source (battery), reduce the amount of power generation, and save engine power.
[0030]
Also, in this embodiment, when it is determined that the energization means is likely to be fogged, the energization pattern (4) is selected, and the Dr-side heating film 2L and the Pa-side heating film 2R are energized in series, Clouding was prevented.
Here, as in the prior art, if there is only one energization pattern, a large amount of power consumption (power consumption = 1 in Table 1) is required by heating almost the entire area of the windshield 1 to prevent fogging. In this embodiment, since the Dr-side electrothermal film 2L and the Pa-side electrothermal film 2R are energized in series, the energization resistance is increased and the power consumption can be suppressed to 0.25, which is 1/4.
That is, the windshield 1 can be prevented from being fogged with power saving, the burden on the in-vehicle power source (battery) can be reduced, the amount of power generation can be reduced, and the power saving of the engine can be achieved.
[0031]
Further, in this embodiment, the state of the windshield 1 is detected by the energization means, and a plurality of energization patterns are switched based on the detection result. In this way, since the energization means automatically switches the energization pattern, it is excellent in convenience, and if it is an artificial operation, unnecessary energization (forgetting to turn off, energizing an area that does not require energization, etc.) occurs. However, useless energization can be suppressed by automatic switching.
[0032]
[Second Embodiment]
A second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the following embodiments, the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment denote the same functional objects.
In said 1st Example, in order to heat the Dr side area | region and Pa side area | region of the windshield 1 independently, the Dr side electric heating film | membrane 2L and the Pa side electric heating film | membrane 2R were provided in the windshield 1 independently. An example is shown.
On the other hand, in the second embodiment, only one transparent electrothermal film 2 is arranged on almost the entire surface of the windshield 1, and an electrode pair for energizing the transparent electrothermal film 2 is used as the transparent electrothermal film in the Dr side region. The film is divided into Dr-side electrode pairs 3L and 4L for energizing the film 2 and Pa-side electrode pairs 3R and 4R for energizing the transparent electrothermal film 2 in the Pa-side region.
[0033]
That is, only the Dr-side region of the windshield 1 can be heated by energizing only the Dr-side electrode pair 3L, 4L, and only the Pa-side region of the windshield 1 by energizing only the Pa-side electrode pair 3R, 4R. By heating the Dr-side electrode pairs 3L, 4L and the Pa-side electrode pairs 3R, 4R in parallel, almost the entire area of the windshield 1 can be heated.
Switching control of heating only the Dr side region, heating only the Pa side region, and heating of the entire windshield 1 can be performed by the same control as the flowchart of the first embodiment (see FIG. 3). However, in step S12 in FIG. 3, the parallel energization pattern (1) is selected instead of the series energization pattern (4), and a parallel energization current is provided by interposing power adjusting means (not shown) such as a resistor in the energization circuit. This reduces power consumption.
By providing in this way, the same effect as the first embodiment can be obtained.
[0034]
In the first embodiment described above, since the Dr-side electrothermal film 2L and the Pa-side electrothermal film 2R are provided independently on the windshield 1, the Dr-side electrothermal film 2L and the Pa-side electrothermal film 2R are provided substantially at the center of the windshield 1. Or a portion where the Dr-side electrothermal film 2L or the Pa-side electrothermal film 2R is present and a portion where the Dr-side electrothermal film 2R is present may be visible by adjusting light. On the other hand, in the second embodiment, since one transparent electrothermal film 2 is provided on almost the entire surface of the windshield 1, there is an advantage that no boundary line or the like is visible on the windshield 1.
[0035]
[Third embodiment]
A third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
In said 2nd Example, the example which heats uniformly each area | region of Dr side area | region, Pa side area | region of the windshield 1, or the windshield 1 whole was shown.
On the other hand, this 3rd Example can be heated centering on the predetermined local part of the windshield 1. FIG.
[0036]
Specifically, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5A, by selecting an energization pattern for energizing the upper electrodes 3L of the Pa-side electrode pairs 3R and 4R and the Dr-side electrode pairs 3L and 4L, By utilizing the fact that current concentrates on a portion near the lower center of the side region (see the portion surrounded by a circle in the figure), heating can be started from that portion.
Further, as shown in FIG. 5B, by selecting the energization pattern for energizing the upper electrodes 3R of the Dr-side electrode pairs 3L and 4L and the Pa-side electrode pairs 3R and 4R, Utilizing the fact that current concentrates on a portion (see the portion surrounded by a circle in the figure), heating can be started from that portion.
[0037]
Further, as shown in FIG. 5C, by selecting the energization pattern for energizing the lower electrode 4L of the Pa-side electrode pairs 3R, 4R and the Dr-side electrode pairs 3L, 4L, the Pa-side region closer to the upper center. Utilizing the fact that current concentrates on a portion (see the portion surrounded by a circle in the figure), heating can be started from that portion.
Further, as shown in FIG. 5 (d), by selecting the energization pattern for energizing the lower electrode 4R of the Dr-side electrode pairs 3L, 4L and the Pa-side electrode pairs 3R, 4R, it is closer to the upper center of the Dr-side region. Utilizing the fact that current concentrates on a portion (see the portion surrounded by a circle in the figure), heating can be started from that portion.
The above energization pattern is automatically set by the energizing means based on the temperature distribution of the windshield 1 detected by the temperature distribution detecting means (matrix IR sensor or the like).
[0038]
[Fourth embodiment]
In the second embodiment, in the case of the parallel energization pattern (the parallel energization pattern (1) in which the Dr-side electrode pairs 3L and 4L and the Pa-side electrode pairs 3R and 4R are energized in parallel), An example has been shown in which power adjustment means is interposed to suppress heat generation and power consumption.
On the other hand, in the fourth embodiment, depending on the temperature state of the windshield 1, the transparent electrothermal film 2 (Dr side) can be used in the independent energization patterns (2), (3) or the series energization pattern (4). A power adjusting means such as a resistor is interposed in the energization circuit of the electrothermal film 2L and the Pa-side electrothermal film 2R) to suppress heat generation and power consumption.
[0039]
[Fifth embodiment]
In each of the above-described embodiments, an example is shown in which the transparent electrothermal film 2 (including the Dr-side electrothermal film 2L and the Pa-side electrothermal film 2R) is energized to perform the de-icing operation, the defogging operation, and the anti-fogging operation of the windshield 1. It was.
On the other hand, in the fifth embodiment, the temperature of the windshield 1 is lower than a predetermined temperature (below freezing temperature) or the windshield 1 is lower than the dew point temperature by a predetermined temperature (cloudy state under predetermined conditions). When the energizing means determines, the blowing mode of the vehicle air conditioner (not shown) is set to the defroster blowing mode, and the defroster blowing is used together. By providing in this way, the heating rate of the windshield 1 can be increased.
[0040]
In this embodiment, when the vehicle air conditioner is in operation and the blowing mode is the auto mode, the defroster blowing mode is automatically changed to the windshield 1 depending on the temperature of the windshield 1 and the like. Control may be performed so as to increase the amount of air blown out or to raise the blowing temperature. Even when the vehicle air conditioner is turned off, the vehicle air conditioner is started according to the temperature of the windshield 1 detected by the transparent electrothermal film 2 and the windshield 1 is used in combination with the defroster blowing mode. May be heated.
[0041]
[Sixth embodiment]
A sixth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
In the sixth embodiment, when the condition for energizing the transparent electrothermal film 2 (including the Dr-side electrothermal film 2L and the Pa-side electrothermal film 2R: EHW in FIG. 6) is satisfied in the energization means, the engine cooling water (FIG. 6 Before the temperature of the E / G water temperature) reaches a predetermined temperature, the air conditioning apparatus for vehicles is prohibited from being set to the defroster blowing mode (DEF in FIG. 6) and the transparent electrothermal membrane 2 ( Only the Dr-side electrothermal film 2L and the Pa-side electrothermal film 2R are energized. After the temperature of the engine cooling water reaches a predetermined temperature, the blowing mode of the vehicle air conditioner is set to the defroster blowing mode. It is not prohibited.
[0042]
Specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, when the condition for energizing the transparent electrothermal film 2 (including the Dr-side electrothermal film 2L and the Pa-side electrothermal film 2R) is satisfied after the engine is started, the temperature of the engine coolant is Until the temperature reaches a predetermined temperature (for example, 40 ° C.), the transparent electrothermal film 2 (including the Dr-side electrothermal film 2L and the Pa-side electrothermal film 2R) is energized to control the heating of the windshield 1, and the defroster blowing mode The heating control of the windshield 1 is stopped. And after the temperature of engine cooling water rises more than predetermined temperature, the heating control of the windshield 1 by a defroster blowing mode is permitted.
[0043]
As a more specific example, the transparent electrothermal film 2 (including the Dr-side electrothermal film 2L and the Pa-side electrothermal film 2R) is energized until the temperature of the engine cooling water reaches a predetermined temperature. After the heating control is performed and the temperature of the engine cooling water rises to a predetermined temperature or higher, the heating control of the windshield 1 by the defroster blowing mode is performed.
By providing in this way, the exhaust heat of the engine can be used effectively, so that the burden on the in-vehicle power source (battery) can be reduced, the amount of power generation can be reduced, and the power saving of the engine can be achieved.
[0044]
In this embodiment, after the temperature of the engine cooling water rises to a predetermined temperature or higher, the heating control of the windshield 1 by the defroster blowing mode is performed. However, the temperature of the engine cooling water has risen to the predetermined temperature or higher. Even after, depending on the state of the windshield 1, etc., the transparent electrothermal film 2 (including the Dr-side electrothermal film 2L and the Pa-side electrothermal film 2R) is energized, and the transparent electrothermal film 2 (the Dr-side electrothermal film 2L, Pa The heating control of the windshield 1 by the combined use of the defroster blowing mode and the defroster blowing mode may be switched.
[0045]
[Modification]
In the above embodiment, as an example in which a plurality of regions of the windshield 1 are independently heated, an example in which two regions of the Dr side region and the Pa side region are independently heated has been described. However, three or more regions are independent. It may be provided so that it can be heated.
That is, an independent transparent electrothermal film is disposed for each of three or more regions of the windshield 1 (modified example related to claim 1), or three or more regions of the windshield 1 can be independently heated. More than one set of electrode pairs may be provided (variation related to claim 2).
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a windshield provided with a plurality of transparent electrothermal films (first embodiment).
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an energization pattern of a plurality of transparent electrothermal films (first embodiment).
FIG. 3 is a flowchart for performing energization control of a plurality of transparent electrothermal films (first embodiment).
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a windshield in which a plurality of electrode pairs are provided on one transparent electrothermal film (second embodiment).
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an energization pattern of a transparent electrothermal film in which a plurality of electrode pairs are provided on one transparent electrothermal film (third embodiment).
FIG. 6 is a graph showing an increase in temperature of engine cooling water after engine startup (sixth embodiment).
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a windshield in which one electrode pair is provided on one transparent electrothermal film (conventional example).
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Windshield 2 Transparent electrothermal membrane (transparent electrothermal membrane disposed on almost the entire surface of the windshield)
2L Dr-side electrothermal film (transparent electrothermal film that heats the Dr-side region independently)
2R Pa side electrothermal membrane (transparent electrothermal membrane that heats Pa side area independently)
3L, 4L Dr-side electrode pairs (electrode pairs that heat the Dr-side region independently)
3R, 4R Pa-side electrode pair (electrode pair that heats the Pa-side region independently)

Claims (3)

The defrosting operation that melts the ice deposited on the windshield by heating the windshield by energizing the transparent electrothermal film provided on the windshield of the vehicle. Condensation water adheres to the windshield. In an electric glass device that performs defogging operation to remove mist,
The transparent electrothermal film provided on the windshield is provided separately in a plurality of areas of the windshield, and the transparent electrothermal films provided in a plurality of areas are provided so that they can be independently energized,
The energizing means for energizing the transparent electrothermal film is :
Comprising glass temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the pre-Symbol windshield, a humidity sensor for detecting the humidity of the vehicle interior, the temperature distribution detection means for detecting the temperature distribution of the glass temperatures of the plurality of areas of the windshield,
(A) The temperature of the windshield detected by the glass temperature sensor is equal to or lower than the dew point temperature calculated based on the detection results of the glass temperature sensor and the humidity sensor ,
And the detection result of the said temperature distribution detection means exists in the glass area | region which is below that dew point temperature, when only one of the glass temperatures of the several area | region of the said windshield is below the said dew point temperature. Only the transparent electrothermal membrane in one area is energized independently,
(B) The temperature of the windshield detected by the glass temperature sensor is equal to or lower than the dew point temperature calculated based on the detection results of the glass temperature sensor and the humidity sensor,
And when the detection result of the said temperature distribution detection means is in the glass area | region which is below that dew point temperature when the some area | region of the glass temperature of the several area | region of the said windshield is below the said dew point temperature The transparent electrothermal membrane in the area of
(C) The windshield temperature detected by the glass temperature sensor is higher than the dew point temperature calculated based on the detection results of the glass temperature sensor and the humidity sensor , and is detected by the glass temperature sensor. When the difference between the temperature and the dew point temperature is within a predetermined temperature at which the windshield is likely to be fogged, a transparent electrothermal film in a plurality of regions is energized in series. In the electrothermal glass device according to claim 1,
The energizing means is configured such that the windshield is frozen or the windshield temperature detected by the glass temperature sensor is greater than the dew point temperature calculated based on the detection results of the glass temperature sensor and the humidity sensor. If you determine that it ’s low ,
An electrothermal glass apparatus characterized by energizing the transparent electrothermal film and setting the blowing mode of the vehicle air conditioner to a defroster blowing mode. In the electrothermal glass device according to claim 1 or 2 ,
The energization means, when a condition for energizing the transparent electrothermal film is satisfied,
Before the engine coolant temperature reaches a predetermined temperature, the blowing mode of the vehicle air conditioner is prohibited from being set to the defroster blowing mode, and only the transparent electrothermal film is energized,
An electrothermal glass device characterized in that after the temperature of the engine cooling water reaches a predetermined temperature, the blowing mode of the vehicle air conditioner is allowed to be set to the defroster blowing mode.

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