JP3917956B2 - Organic waste treatment system and treatment method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a process for mainly removing nitrogen from organic waste, and more particularly, to an organic waste processing system and a processing method for improving processing efficiency by a process suitable for each waste property.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For organic waste such as human waste, septic tank sludge, garbage, and livestock manure, SS (floating matter), nitrogen, phosphorus, BOD (biochemical oxygen demand), COD (chemical oxygen demand) Contaminants that adversely affect the environment and the human body are included, and various methods for removing these have been developed and put into practical use.
The treatment of organic waste is performed mainly by removing SS by solid-liquid separation, oxidative decomposition of BOD and COD, removal of inorganic nutrients such as phosphorus and nitrogen compounds, and treatment of sludge solids alone or in combination. .
[0003]
In general, the treatment of organic waste is performed according to a flow as shown in FIG.
First, organic waste is passed through a screen 8 to remove impurities, separated into sludge solids and separated liquid by a dehydrator 9 such as a centrifugal separator, and the separated liquid is further passed through a membrane separator 10. After removing the suspended matter, it is introduced into a nitrification / denitrification treatment tank 14 to decompose and remove nitrogen. On the other hand, the sludge solids separated by the dehydrator 9 are guided to the solubilization tank 13 and solubilized so that the sludge solids are easily fermented by heating or the like, and in the methane fermentation tank 1 by the action of anaerobic bacteria. Convert sludge solids to methane and carbon dioxide. The digested sludge from the methane fermentation tank 1 is introduced into the dehydrator 2, the nitrogen content is removed from the separated liquid in the nitrification / denitrification treatment tank 14, and the sludge solids are sent to composting, carbonization or incineration treatment equipment. To pay.
[0004]
Conventionally, such a method has been used to uniformly remove pollutants in waste. However, since the content of each pollutant component is biased depending on the waste to be treated, any one of the pollutants Substance components may remain after treatment. In particular, it is difficult to achieve a high removal rate because most of the nitrogen content causing eutrophication is solidified and separated into solid-liquid separation, so that most of it moves to the separation liquid side and is concentrated.
In general, nitrification / denitrification treatment, anaerobic treatment, aeration treatment, and the like are often used as a treatment method for waste containing a large amount of nitrogen. However, the nitrification / denitrification treatment requires enormous aeration power for the oxidation of ammonia nitrogen, which increases the power cost, and the anaerobic treatment leaves a large amount of ammonia nitrogen in the digestive fluid, and the biological organism in the latter stage. Nitrogen load in the treatment is increased, the treatment efficiency is deteriorated, and in the case of the aeration treatment, nitrate nitrogen remains and thus there is a problem that it is in conflict with the recent water quality regulation.
[0005]
Further, in the nitrification / denitrification treatment, a hydrogen donor is required for nitric acid respiration during denitrification, and thus readily decomposable organic substances in the treatment liquid are used. When the amount of easily decomposable organic substances that can be produced, that is, when the amount of BOD is less than three times the nitrate nitrogen content, it is necessary to add easily decomposable organic substances such as methanol and ethanol.
In particular, in recent years, proper treatment of garbage in addition to human waste and septic tank sludge has been demanded, and there is a need for a technique for improving the nitrogen removal rate during waste-based waste treatment containing a large amount of nitrogen. .
[0006]
In view of this, JP-A-8-238498 (Patent Document 1) proposes a treatment method in which sludge solids such as septic tank sludge are subjected to aeration treatment after being subjected to ozone treatment, and then subjected to nitrification / denitrification treatment. This is because sludge is brought into contact with ozone to generate components that are easily assimilated by denitrifying bacteria, and the amount of BOD increases, so that denitrification and nitrification are efficiently performed.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-113265 (Patent Document 2) discloses a method for performing methane fermentation after ammonia stripping of organic waste water / sludge. In this method, when ammonia stripping is performed, the temperature is adjusted and a strong alkaline solution is added to maintain the pH at 9 to 13, thereby improving the ammonia removal rate.
[0007]
According to these methods, the nitrogen content including ammonia can be efficiently removed, but it is difficult to remove nitrate nitrogen from the nitrogen content. Therefore, as a method for efficiently removing soluble nitrogen containing nitrate nitrogen, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-62578 (Patent Document 3) proposes a method for removing nitrogen compounds in water to be treated by an electrochemical method. is doing.
In this method, a conductive metal material is used for the cathode, an insoluble material or carbon is used for the anode, and the nitrogen compound is removed by subjecting the water to be treated to which a chloride ion extender and a flocculant are added to the water to be treated. Yes. As a result, the water quality can be maintained without periodic exchange of water in a sacrifice, an aquarium, a pool, or the like.
[0008]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-8-238498 [Patent Document 2]
JP 2001-113265 A [Patent Document 3]
[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-62578
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in Patent Document 1, sludge that has not been solid-liquid separated is nitrified and denitrified, so the amount of BOD in the treated product is high, and it is easy to reduce the nitrogen content corresponding to this. Since the invention is directed to a solid-liquid separation treatment liquid having a BOD content smaller than the nitrogen content, it is difficult to apply the above technique. Furthermore, such conventional technology uses ozone. However, ozone is harmful to the human body, so care must be taken when operating the apparatus, and a long residence time is required to react sludge sufficiently with ozone. It is necessary to do so, and the apparatus becomes large.
[0010]
Further, in Patent Document 2, the cost of a strong alkali agent when performing ammonia stripping is high, and a neutralizing agent is required also when alkaline sludge is returned to neutral at a later stage, resulting in an increase in drug cost. In addition, there is a risk of air pollution due to volatilization of ammonia. In addition, ammonia stripping can remove ammonia nitrogen, but it is difficult to remove nitrate nitrogen.
Further, Patent Document 3 designates water to be treated as water having a very small solid content such as an aquarium tank or pool, and is used for the treatment of human waste, garbage, livestock manure, etc. having a high solid content as in the present invention. When applied, scales adhere to the electrodes, and the processing efficiency is greatly deteriorated.
Therefore, in view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention is an organic waste that can be efficiently operated according to the properties of the waste to be treated and can be operated at a low cost with little need for external hydrogen donor addition. It is an object of the present invention to provide an object processing system and method.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, in order to solve such a problem, the first invention includes a processing means for performing at least one of nitrification / denitrification treatment, anaerobic treatment, and aeration treatment on organic waste containing nitrogen, Organic waste comprising solid-liquid separation means for solid-liquid separation of organic waste treated by the treatment means, and water treatment equipment for removing nitrogen from the separated liquid separated by the solid-liquid separation means In the processing system of
An electrolytic cell in which the water treatment facility generates a hypochlorous acid-based strong oxidizing substance by electrolyzing the separated liquid, and removes nitrogen contained in the separated liquid by an oxidizing action of the strong oxidizing substance; , downstream of the electrolytic bath, comprising a methane fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation Rutotomoni, the organic waste as the processing unit comprises a reduction vessel to neutralize the treating solution de窒後by addition of an alkali agent, The separated liquid obtained by solid-liquid separation of the digested sludge of the methane fermentation tank by the solid-liquid separation means is added to the electrolytic tank to remove nitrogen contained in the separated liquid,
Furthermore, a membrane separation device is provided in the path branched from the path leading the digested sludge after anaerobic fermentation in the methane fermentation tank to the solid-liquid separation means, and a part of the digested sludge after anaerobic fermentation in the methane fermentation tank is obtained. Lead to the membrane separator, and return the sludge solids separated by the membrane separator to the methane fermentation tank,
On the other hand, a second electrolytic cell is provided after the membrane separator, and the permeate that has permeated through the membrane separator is introduced into the second electrolytic cell to remove the nitrogen content in the permeate. Located in organic waste treatment system.
[0012]
In this invention, chlorine ions, water and nitrate ions contained in the treatment liquid exhibit the following reaction by electrolyzing the treatment liquid.
(Anode) 2Cl ⁻ → Cl ₂ + 2e
Cl ₂ + H ₂ O → HClO + HCl
(Cathode) NO ₃ ⁻ + 6H ₂ O + 8e → NH ₃ + 9OH ⁻
2H ₂ O + 2e → 2OH ⁻ + H ₂ ↑
At the anode, chlorine is generated, and further, the chlorine reacts with water to produce hypochlorous acid (HClO) having a strong oxidizing power. On the other hand, at the cathode, when nitrate ions are contained in the separated liquid, it is reduced to ammonia. When nitrate ions are not included, hydrogen is generated by the decomposition of water.
[0013]
Ammonia contained in the separation liquid or ammonia generated by electrolysis reacts by the following formula with hypochlorous acid generated at the anode, and is decomposed and removed.
2NH ₃ + 3HClO → N ₂ ↑ + 3HCl + 3H ₂ O
Thus, by performing physicochemical treatment unlike biological denitrification treatment that has been used in the past, nitrogen content including soluble nitrogen content can be reliably and stably removed at a high removal rate. In addition, it is not necessary to supply a hydrogen donor as a nutrient source for denitrification, and the running cost can be reduced. Moreover, since the nitrogen content after denitrification is discharged in the form of nitrogen gas, there is no concern about secondary contamination.
In the present invention, the nitrogen content means ammonia nitrogen, nitrous acid / nitrate nitrogen, and the like, and these oxidative decompositions are carried out simultaneously with the typical reaction represented by the above formula.
[0014]
In addition, the facility area can be greatly reduced as compared with biological treatment, which is a nitrogen removal treatment that has been widely used in the past. For example, while it takes about 3 days to remove nitrogen in biological treatment, the electrolytic treatment of the present invention can be performed in several hours. Moreover, since the electrolytic treatment is a physicochemical treatment, it is easier to maintain and manage than the biological treatment.
Furthermore, when an electrolytic cell is used in combination with nitrification / denitrification treatment, the denitrification of electrolytic treatment requires less power for ammonia nitrogen than nitrate nitrogen, so the aeration power in the nitrification tank can be reduced. . That is, almost all of the BOD is removed in the nitrification tank and only a part of the ammonia nitrogen is nitrified, and the ammonia nitrogen is removed in the subsequent electrolytic tank, so that the nitrogen content can be almost completely removed from the treated water. it can.
In addition, such an invention can be incorporated in a facility where nitrogen removal is insufficient among existing human waste treatment plants, sewage treatment plants, and the like, and a reliable nitrogen removal effect can be obtained with a compact apparatus.
[0015]
Further, either mow invention, human waste, septic tank sludge, and the organic waste to be processed mainly nitrogen content ratio is large garbage compared to organic wastes such as livestock manure. This is because methane fermentation is carried out in the previous stage, so it contains a lot of ammonia nitrogen generated by the decomposition of macromolecular organic matter, and the digested sludge after methane fermentation is solid-liquid separated. Contains a high concentration of nitrogen. Therefore, by configuring as in the invention, it is possible to treat a high concentration of nitrogen with a high removal rate.
[0016]
Further, the present invention provides a membrane separation device in a path branched from the path leading the digested sludge after anaerobic fermentation in the methane fermentation tank to the solid-liquid separation means, and digestion after anaerobic fermentation in the methane fermentation tank Part of the sludge is guided to the membrane separator, and the sludge solids separated by the membrane separator are returned to the methane fermentation tank.
On the other hand, the permeate that has permeated through the membrane separator is introduced into the electrolytic cell .
Thereby, in the anaerobic fermentation of the garbage which is easily solubilized and difficult to maintain the concentration, the inside of the tank can be maintained at an optimum concentration for fermentation, and anaerobic fermentation is promoted. Further, the permeated liquid after membrane separation is introduced into the electrolytic cell, so that the nitrogen content can be removed with a high decomposition rate even in the processing liquid containing almost no BOD.
[0019]
As the solid-liquid separation means, any means such as gravity sedimentation, flotation separation, mechanical dehydration, membrane separation, or a combination of these is used. A mechanical dehydrator and a membrane separator provided at the subsequent stage are preferably used.
Like this technology , the separation liquid after solid-liquid separation is guided to the electrolytic cell, and oxidative decomposition is performed with the generated hypochlorous acid-based strong oxidizing substance, thereby eliminating the need for supplying a hydrogen donor and reducing running costs. And can be treated with a high removal rate of nitrogen.
[0021]
Further, according to the second aspect of the present invention, the electrolytic cell includes a reaction tank that holds a separation liquid, a means for measuring a resistance between electrodes disposed in the reaction tank, and a separation in the reaction tank. Means for measuring the chlorine concentration of the liquid,
A means for judging the degree of electrode degradation based on at least one of the interelectrode resistance obtained by the resistance measuring means and the chlorine concentration value of the separated liquid obtained by the chlorine concentration measuring means; It is characterized by that.
In this invention, since organic waste is targeted, the scale easily adheres to the electrode. Therefore, with the above-described configuration, it is possible to easily determine the deterioration of the electrode, and it is possible to perform smooth operation.
[0022]
Moreover, it is preferable that the said reaction tank has a means to circulate the separated liquid in this reaction tank in a tank, and the said chlorine concentration measurement means is provided on the circulation path of this circulation means.
Thereby, the chlorine concentration can be appropriately measured regardless of the concentration distribution in the tank. Furthermore, by providing the circulation means, the inside of the tank can be stirred without providing a separate stirring means, and the electrolytic reaction efficiency is improved.
[0023]
Furthermore, the electrolytic cell has foam amount detection means in the reaction tank, and when the deterioration is judged by the electrode deterioration judgment means, the foam amount in the reaction tank is measured, and the foam amount is When it is above the reference value, an antifoaming agent is added.
When the object to be treated is organic waste as in the present invention, bubbles are likely to be generated, which may cause a short circuit between the electrodes and cause an abnormality in the resistance value. Therefore, when an abnormality occurs, it is judged whether it is actually a deterioration of the electrode or a short circuit due to foam by detecting the amount of foam as in this invention. Thus, it is preferable to ensure that the electrolytic reaction takes place.
In addition, a second chlorine concentration measuring means for measuring the chlorine concentration of the separated liquid is provided in the previous stage of the electrolytic cell, and a means for introducing a chlorine ion adjusting agent based on the measured chlorine ion concentration is provided. It is characterized by that.
As a result, the chlorine ion concentration in the electrolytic cell is properly maintained, the electrolytic reaction is promoted, and the nitrogen removal efficiency is improved.
[0024]
Further, the electrolytic cell has means for circulating the separated liquid of the reaction tank in the tank, and a chlorine concentration measuring unit, a residual chlorine measuring unit, an ORP on the circulation path of the circulating unit or inside the electrolytic cell. It is also preferable to have at least one of a measurement unit, a pH measurement unit, and an ammonia concentration measurement unit, and to control the electrolytic treatment time of the electrolytic cell by combining one or more of the measurement units.
[0028]
Further, the third aspect of the present invention is to remove nitrogen content from a separated liquid that has been subjected to solid-liquid separation after at least one of nitrification / denitrification treatment, anaerobic treatment, and aeration treatment is performed on organic waste containing nitrogen. In the method for treating organic waste to be removed,
Electrolyzing the separated liquid-liquid separated liquid in an electrolytic cell to produce a hypochlorous acid-based strong oxidizing substance, removing the nitrogen content contained in the separating liquid by the oxidizing action of the strong oxidizing substance, At the time of the electrolysis, at least one of a resistance value between electrodes disposed opposite to each other in the electrolytic cell and a chlorine concentration value of a separated liquid in the cell is measured, and the electrode is based on the measured value. It is characterized by judging the deterioration of.
At this time, when it is determined that the electrode is deteriorated, it is preferable to detect the amount of foam in the tank and to add an antifoaming agent when the amount of foam is equal to or greater than a reference value.
Furthermore, before the electrolysis, the chlorine ion concentration of the separated liquid is measured, and a chlorine ion adjusting agent is preferably added based on the measured chlorine ion concentration.
Furthermore, the electrolytic cell has at least one of chlorine concentration measuring means, residual chlorine concentration measuring means, ORP measuring means, pH measuring means, and ammonia concentration measuring means, and one or two or more of these measuring means. In combination, it is preferable to control the electrolytic treatment time of the electrolytic cell.
[0029]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the components described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention unless otherwise specified, but are merely illustrative examples. Not too much.
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an organic waste treatment system according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an electrolytic cell provided in the treatment system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. These are the schematic block diagrams of the organic waste disposal system which concerns on 2nd thru | or 4th Example which is another Example of FIG. 1, respectively.
[0030]
The organic waste treatment system according to the first embodiment is suitable for the treatment of organic waste mainly composed of garbage. As shown in FIG. 1, the methane fermentation tank 1 and the methane fermentation tank After denitrification by addition of an alkali agent, a dehydrator 2 that mechanically dehydrates the digested sludge discharged from 1 with a centrifuge, an electrolytic bath 3 that denitrifies the separated liquid after dewatering and separating sludge solids, and the like. And a nitrification / denitrification treatment tank 5 for performing biological treatment on the neutralized separation liquid.
[0031]
In the methane fermentation tank 1, the macromolecular organic matter in the waste is decomposed into carbon dioxide, methane, ammonia and the like by the action of anaerobic bacteria in the tank. The methane generated here is sent to a power generator or the like for effective use. At this time, electric power generated based on the recovered methane gas may be transmitted to the electrolytic cell 3 and used.
In addition, the digested sludge discharged from the methane fermentation tank 1 is solid-liquid separated by the dehydrator 2, and the sludge solids are sent to composting, carbonization or incineration facilities, while the separated liquid is fed to the electrolytic tank 3. .
[0032]
The electrolytic cell 3 electrolyzes the separated liquid separated after methane fermentation to produce a hypochlorous acid-based strong oxidizing substance, and oxidatively decomposes ammonia nitrogen with the strong oxidizing substance. As shown in FIG. 2, the electrolytic cell 3 includes a reaction tank 31 that receives the separation liquid, and an anode 32 and a cathode that are arranged so as to be immersed in the separation liquid introduced into the reaction tank 31. And an electric power device 34 connected to the electrode.
And as a typical reaction in each electrode, the following reactions are caused by chlorine ions, water and nitrate ions contained in the separation liquid.
(Anode) 2Cl ⁻ → Cl ₂ + 2e
Cl ₂ + H ₂ O → HClO + HCl
(Cathode) NO ₃ ⁻ + 6H ₂ O + 8e → NH ₃ + 9OH ⁻
2H ₂ O + 2e → 2OH ⁻ + H ₂ ↑
At the anode, chlorine is generated, and further, the chlorine reacts with water to produce hypochlorous acid (HClO) having a strong oxidizing power. On the other hand, at the cathode, when nitrate ions are contained in the separated liquid, it is reduced to ammonia. When nitrate ions are not included, hydrogen is generated by the decomposition of water.
[0033]
Ammonia contained in the separated liquid or ammonia generated by electrolysis is decomposed and removed by hypochlorous acid generated at the anode according to the following formula.
2NH ₃ + 3HClO → N ₂ ↑ + 3HCl + 3H ₂ O
It is preferable to maintain the electrolytic efficiency of the electrolytic cell 3 by applying a reverse voltage every certain period in order to remove the substances adhering to the electrodes, or by stopping the treatment and washing.
Further, when a nitrification / denitrification treatment tank is provided downstream as in the present embodiment, the electrolytic cell 3 is used so that the component ratio (BOD / nitrogen content) of the treatment liquid after denitrification is about 1 to 3. The residence time, the volume of the electrolytic cell 3, or the voltage value applied to the electrodes may be controlled.
[0034]
Then, the treatment liquid denitrified in the electrolytic bath 3 is introduced into the reduction bath 4. Since the treatment liquid is in an acidic state due to the strong oxidizing substance generated in the electrolytic cell 3, it is neutralized by adding an alkaline agent such as caustic soda in the reduction tank 4.
The neutralized treatment liquid is guided to the nitrification / denitrification treatment tank 5 and further denitrified in the tank by the action of nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and the like.
At this time, when the nitrogen content is reduced in the electrolytic cell 3 until the BOD / nitrogen content ratio in the separation liquid becomes BOD / nitrogen content = about 1 to 3, the hydrogen donor in the treatment liquid Therefore, denitrification can be performed with high efficiency.
The treatment liquid in which the nitrogen content is removed below the discharge standard value in the denitrification / nitrification treatment tank 5 is discharged to the outside or sent to an advanced treatment facility.
[0035]
As described above, in this embodiment, unlike the conventionally used biological denitrification treatment, by performing the physicochemical treatment, a high nitrogen removal rate can be achieved reliably and stably, and the denitrification treatment can be achieved. It is not necessary to supply a hydrogen donor that is a nutrient source for nitrogen, and the running cost can be reduced. Moreover, since the nitrogen content after denitrification is discharged in the form of nitrogen, there is no concern about secondary contamination.
In the present embodiment, the nitrification / denitrification treatment tank 5 does not have to be provided if the electrolytic tank 3 can reduce the nitrogen content below the drainage standard value.
[0036]
3 and 4 show a system for treating organic waste mainly composed of garbage, as in the first embodiment. In the second embodiment shown in FIG. The digested sludge after decomposition is introduced into the dehydrator 2, and a part of the digested sludge is extracted and introduced into the membrane separation device 6. The membrane separator 6 preferably uses an ultrafiltration membrane (UF) or a microfiltration membrane (MF). Sludge solids separated from the digested sludge by the membrane separator 6 are returned to the methane fermentation tank 1. Thereby, also in the process of the waste which is easy to decompose | disassemble, such as garbage, the density | concentration in a methane fermentation tank is maintained suitably, and anaerobic fermentation is performed efficiently. On the other hand, the permeate that has permeated through the membrane separation device 6 is separated and removed from SS, BOD, phosphorus, COD, etc., and is fed to the electrolytic cell 3 in a state of containing a high concentration of soluble nitrogen. .
[0037]
Part of the digested sludge discharged from the methane fermentation tank 1 is solid-liquid separated into sludge solids and separated liquid by a dehydrator 2, and the sludge solids are sent to composting, carbonization or incineration facilities, and separated liquid Is fed to the electrolytic cell 3.
The electrolytic cell 3 has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, and the separation introduced from the membrane separation device 6 and the dehydrator 2 by the hypochlorous acid-based strong oxidant generated here. Nitrogen in the liquid is decomposed and removed.
The treatment liquid denitrified in the electrolytic tank 3 is neutralized with an alkaline agent in the reduction tank 4 and then introduced into the nitrification / denitrification treatment tank 5 to reduce the nitrogen concentration to below the discharge standard value. Later it is discharged or sent to advanced processing equipment.
[0038]
In the third embodiment shown in FIG. 4, a second electrolytic cell 7 is provided for denitrifying the permeate that has permeated through the membrane separation device 6. The second electrolytic cell 7 has the same configuration as the electrolytic cell 3. The treatment liquid denitrified in the second electrolytic tank 7 is neutralized in the reduction tank 4 together with the treatment liquid from the electrolytic tank 3, and is subjected to nitrification / denitrification treatment.
In the membrane separation device 6, almost all of the pollutant other than the soluble nitrogen content is removed, so that the permeate after membrane separation contains a high concentration of nitrogen content. Therefore, by adopting such a configuration as in this embodiment, processing suitable for the properties of each processing liquid can be performed, and stable operation of the processing system is facilitated.
In order to maintain the filtration rate of the membrane separator, the treatment liquid may be periodically extracted from the electrolytic cell and introduced into the membrane separator, thereby generating hypochlorous acid in the electrolytic cell. The filtration rate can be recovered by the cleaning effect of the acid strong oxidizing substance.
[0039]
Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 5 will be described. In this embodiment, the organic waste is separated into solid and liquid, and then the contaminants are removed by biological treatment and physicochemical treatment.
In such a treatment system, organic waste is first removed through a screen 8 and then separated into sludge solids and a separation liquid by a dehydrator 9, and the sludge solids are introduced into a solubilization tank 13 and added. The organic matter in the sludge is solubilized by temperature or the like and introduced into the methane fermentation tank 14. The digested sludge is fed to composting, carbonization or incineration facilities after the decomposition of the polymer organic matter in the methane fermentation tank 14.
[0040]
On the other hand, the separation liquid from which the solid matter has been separated by the dehydrator 9 is introduced into the membrane separation apparatus 10 to remove BOD, SS and the like in the separation liquid, and then guided to the electrolytic cell 11. At this time, the solid content that does not pass through the membrane separation is returned to the upstream side of the dehydrator 9 and processed again.
The electrolytic cell 11 has the same configuration as the first to third embodiments, and is a strong hypochlorous acid-based oxidation produced by electrolysis of salts, chlorine, water, etc. contained in the separated liquid. Nitrogen contained in the separation liquid is decomposed and removed by the substance.
And the separated liquid from which the nitrogen content was removed to below the discharge standard value in the electrolytic bath 11 is neutralized with an alkaline agent in the reducing bath 12 and then sent to the discharge or advanced treatment equipment.
[0041]
In the fourth embodiment, the organic waste is permeated containing sludge solids containing pollutants other than nitrogen and soluble nitrogen such as ammonia nitrogen by combining the dehydrator 9 and the membrane separator 10. By separating into permeate and further denitrifying the permeate in the electrolytic cell 11, soluble nitrogen components such as ammonia nitrogen can be reliably treated with a high removal rate. When the nitrogen concentration of the treatment liquid is high, a nitrification / denitrification treatment tank may be provided downstream of the reduction tank 12. At this time, it is preferable that the ratio of BOD and nitrogen content in the permeate in the electrolytic cell 11 is BOD / nitrogen content = about 1 to 3, so that the denitrification treatment can be efficiently performed in the nitrification / denitrification treatment tank. It can be performed.
[0042]
Further, as another embodiment of the electrolytic cell 3, FIG. 6 shows an electrolytic cell equipped with various measuring means.
In FIG. 6, an electrolytic cell 23 includes a reaction vessel 23a for holding a separation liquid, an anode 32 and a cathode 33 arranged opposite to each other in the reaction vessel 23a, and a power source connected to these electrodes via conductive wires. A separation liquid is extracted from a device 34, a voltmeter 34b for measuring a voltage applied between the electrodes by the power supply device 34, a resistance meter 34a for measuring a resistance value between the electrodes, and a lower portion of the reaction tank 23a. A circulation pump 35 to be introduced into the upper part of the reaction tank, a first Cl concentration meter 38 installed on the circulation path for measuring the chlorine concentration in the separated liquid, a valve 37 similarly disposed on the circulation path, and the extraction And a valve 36 disposed on a path for discharging the separated liquid to the outside.
[0043]
Further, on the upstream side of the electrolytic cell 23, a raw water tank 29 for storing a separated liquid separated from a solid content through a solid-liquid separation device such as the dehydrator 2 is disposed. A second Cl concentration meter 39 for detecting the chlorine concentration in the separated liquid is provided, and means for adding a chlorine ion adjusting agent 42 such as NaClaq or NaClO is provided.
The resistance meter 34 a, the first Cl concentration meter 38, and the second Cl concentration meter 39 are connected to a control circuit 43. Based on the control circuit 43, the applied voltage of the power supply device 34, the voltage ON / OFF, and the valve control circuit 44. The opening and closing of the valves 36 and 37 is controlled.
[0044]
In the electrolytic bath 23, the electrolytic treatment is performed in a batch manner, and the same reaction as the chemical reaction formula shown in FIG. In normal operation, the valve 36 is closed and the valve 37 is opened, so that the separation liquid is circulated in the tank by the circulation pump 35 until the nitrogen content in the separation liquid becomes a reference value or less.
Then, during the electrolytic treatment, the resistance value between the electrodes and the chlorine content concentration of the separation liquid in the reaction tank 23a are measured by the resistance meter 34a and the first Cl concentration meter 38. When the resistance value and the Cl concentration are not within the reference range, an apparatus failure such as an abnormality in the separation liquid or electrode deterioration is detected, and proper electrolytic treatment is not performed. That is, when the resistance value is high, it may be caused by scale adhesion, electrode wear, or the like, when the resistance value is low, short circuit due to an increase in the amount of foam. It is also possible to grasp the electrolytic treatment status by tracking changes in the Cl concentration over time. This suggests that when the Cl concentration tends to decrease, ammonia nitrogen remains, that is, lack of denitrification, and emergency measures such as shutting down the reactor and drawing out the total amount of liquid are required.
[0045]
In such an embodiment, since the target treated water is organic wastewater, abnormalities that appear most frequently include electrode deterioration due to adhesion of scale to the electrodes and short-circuiting between electrodes due to an increase in the amount of foam. Therefore, in this embodiment, when the value measured by at least one of the resistance meter 34a and the first Cl concentration meter 38 is determined to be an abnormal value by the control circuit 43, it is determined that the electrode is deteriorated, Signals are transmitted to the power supply device 34 and the valve drive circuit 44, and the valve 36 is opened and the valve 37 is closed by the OFF of the power supply device 34 and the valve drive circuit 44, and the separation liquid is drawn out.
[0046]
Moreover, when deterioration of an electrode is judged by resistance value or chlorine concentration, it is preferable to detect the foam amount in a tank first by a foam detector not shown. When the amount of foam indicates a reference value or more by the foam detector, the antifoaming agent 41 is added to eliminate the foam. Thereby, when the abnormality of the said resistance value or chlorine concentration is a short circuit by foam, it can cope without stopping an operation | movement.
In the electrolytic treatment, operation with a chlorine concentration of Cl = 2000 mg / L is appropriate. This is because when the concentration is a value that greatly exceeds 2000 mg / L, the electrolytic reaction is not performed properly, and there is a concern about a decrease in denitrification efficiency. When the concentration is about 1000 ml / L, electrode consumption is remarkably deteriorated. This is because.
Therefore, it is necessary to dilute in the case of a high salt concentration separation liquid and increase the amount of chloride ions in the case of a low salt concentration separation liquid.
[0047]
There is a ClO meter 46 (residual chlorine meter) for grasping the state of electrolytic treatment. When the ClO concentration tends to increase, it is suggested that electrolysis is proceeding despite the completion of denitrification, and there is a concern about the outflow of trihalomethanes to the separation liquid. It is necessary to take emergency measures such as stopping the operation and drawing out the entire liquid.
In addition to the above-described measuring instrument, a pH meter 47, an ORP meter 48, an ammonia concentration meter 49, etc. can be appropriately used alone or in combination to perform various measurements, thereby enabling more accurate operation management and control.
[0048]
Further, FIGS. 7 to 9 show fifth to seventh embodiments which are systems in which the electrolytic cell 23 is incorporated in an existing waste treatment system.
FIG. 7 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention, which is suitable for the treatment of, for example, human waste having a solid content concentration of about 2-3%. In this system, after removing impurities in the treated water with the screen 20, nitrification / denitrification is performed in the nitrification / denitrification treatment tank 21 to remove nitrogen, and then the solid-liquid separation device 22 performs solid-liquid separation. A part of the solid-liquid separated sludge is appropriately returned to the nitrification / denitrification treatment tank 21 to maintain the nitrification / denitrification bacteria concentration in the nitrification / denitrification tank. As the solid-liquid separation device 22, a membrane separation tank, a precipitation tank, a dehydration apparatus, or the like is preferably used.
[0049]
The separated liquid from which the solid has been separated is introduced into the electrolytic bath 23 to remove the nitrogen remaining by the electrolytic reaction. The treated water whose nitrogen content is below the regulation value is neutralized in the reduction tank 24 and discharged or advanced, and discharged out of the system. On the other hand, the sludge separated by the solid-liquid separator 22 and the sludge extracted by the electrolytic cell 23 are appropriately introduced into the sludge treatment facility 25 for treatment.
According to such an embodiment, the nitrogen content including nitrate nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen can be treated with a high removal rate, and the treatment according to the properties of each nitrogen content can be performed efficiently, and the power Cost can be reduced.
[0050]
FIG. 8 is suitable for the treatment of organic waste having a low solid content, such as urine, as in the fifth embodiment, and this system has substantially the same configuration as in the fifth embodiment, and the nitrification / desorption is performed. Instead of the nitrogen treatment tank 21, a first digestion tank 26 and a second digestion tank 27 are provided. In the first digestion tank 26 and the second digestion tank 27, an anaerobic process such as methane fermentation is performed, and an electrolytic cell 23 is disposed at the subsequent stage of the solid-liquid separation device 22 after the digestion process.
Thereby, a large amount of ammonia nitrogen remaining in the digestive juice can be efficiently removed.
[0051]
FIG. 9 is suitable for organic waste containing a large amount of nitrogen, such as livestock manure, and having a relatively large amount of solids, and has substantially the same configuration as that of the fifth embodiment. In such a system, first, impurities are removed by the screen 20, and then organic substances in the waste are oxidized in the aeration tank 28 with aeration and stirring, and solid substances are precipitated and separated in the subsequent precipitation tank 22 a. The separation liquid is temporarily stored in the raw water tank 29 and introduced into the electrolytic cell 23a or 23b. The electrolytic cells 23a and 23b are connected in parallel, and the introduction of the separation liquid is controlled by valves. When the determination of electrode deterioration or the like is made by the various measuring devices described with reference to FIG. 6, one electrolytic cell is stopped and the separation liquid is introduced into the other electrolytic cell. As a result, even when a failure occurs in the electrolytic cell, the other electrolytic cell can be immediately used to perform the treatment, and the processing efficiency is improved.
7 to 9, the electrolytic cell according to the embodiment used in FIG. 2 may be used as the electrolytic cell 23.
[0052]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, unlike the conventional biological denitrification treatment, the present invention can perform denitrification reliably and with a high removal rate by performing a physicochemical treatment. At the same time, it is not necessary to supply a hydrogen donor as a nutrient source for denitrification, and the running cost can be reduced. Moreover, since the nitrogen content after denitrification is discharged in the form of nitrogen gas, there is no concern about secondary contamination.
In addition, by providing an electrolytic cell at the subsequent stage of the membrane separator and performing denitrification, even organic wastewater containing almost no BOD can easily remove nitrogen.
Furthermore, nitrogen removal efficiency can be improved by performing nitrification / denitrification treatment after performing denitrification in an electrolytic cell so that the BOD / nitrogen content is about 1 to 3.
In addition, it is possible to easily detect the malfunction of the device by judging the deterioration of the electrode based on the chlorine content concentration in the electrolytic cell and the resistance value between the electrodes, and the treated product is an organic waste that easily adheres to the scale. Even if it exists, a process can be performed smoothly.
In addition, highly accurate operation management and control can be performed by grasping the electrolysis state with a chlorine concentration meter, a ClO meter, a pH meter, an ORP meter, and an ammonia concentration meter.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an organic waste treatment system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an electrolytic cell provided in the processing system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of an organic waste treatment system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of an organic waste treatment system according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of an organic waste treatment system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a configuration diagram of an electrolytic cell according to another embodiment of FIG. 2;
FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of an organic waste treatment system according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of an organic waste treatment system according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of an organic waste treatment system according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is an overall configuration diagram of a conventional organic waste treatment system.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Methane fermentation tank 2 Dehydrator 3, 11, 23 Electrolysis tank 4, 12, 24 Reduction tank 5, 14, 21 Nitrification / denitrification treatment tank 6 Membrane separation apparatus 7 Electrolysis tank 9 Dehydrator 10 Membrane separation apparatus 13 Solubilization tank 22 Solid-liquid separator 32 Anode 33 Cathode 34 Power supply 34b Resistance meter 38 First Cl detector 39 Second Cl detector 43 Control circuit 44 Valve control circuit

Claims (12)

A processing means for subjecting organic waste containing nitrogen to at least one of nitrification / denitrification treatment, anaerobic treatment, and aeration treatment; and solid waste for separating the organic waste treated by the treatment means into solid-liquid separation In an organic waste treatment system comprising a liquid separation means and a water treatment facility for removing nitrogen from the separated liquid separated by the solid-liquid separation means,
An electrolytic cell in which the water treatment facility generates a hypochlorous acid-based strong oxidizing substance by electrolyzing the separated liquid, and removes nitrogen contained in the separated liquid by an oxidizing action of the strong oxidizing substance; , downstream of the electrolytic bath, comprising a methane fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation Rutotomoni, the organic waste as the processing unit comprises a reduction vessel to neutralize the treating solution de窒後by addition of an alkali agent, The separated liquid obtained by solid-liquid separation of the digested sludge of the methane fermentation tank by the solid-liquid separation means is added to the electrolytic tank to remove nitrogen contained in the separated liquid,
Furthermore, a membrane separation device is provided in a path branched from the path leading the digested sludge after anaerobic fermentation in the methane fermentation tank to the solid-liquid separation means, and a part of the digested sludge after anaerobic fermentation in the methane fermentation tank is provided. Lead to the membrane separator, and return the sludge solids separated by the membrane separator to the methane fermentation tank,
On the other hand, a second electrolytic cell is provided after the membrane separator, and the permeate that has permeated through the membrane separator is introduced into the second electrolytic cell to remove the nitrogen content in the permeate. Organic waste treatment system. In an organic waste treatment system equipped with a means for solid-liquid separation of organic waste and a water treatment facility for purifying the separated liquid,
An electrolytic cell in which the water treatment facility generates a hypochlorous acid strong oxidizing substance by electrolyzing the separated liquid and removes nitrogen contained in the separated liquid by an oxidizing action of the strong oxidizing substance; Prepared,
A means for measuring a resistance of a separation liquid in the reaction tank; a means for measuring a resistance between electrodes disposed opposite to the reaction tank; And comprising
A means for judging the degree of electrode degradation based on at least one of the interelectrode resistance obtained by the resistance measuring means and the chlorine concentration value of the separated liquid obtained by the chlorine concentration measuring means; Organic waste treatment system characterized by that. A processing means for subjecting organic waste containing nitrogen to at least one of nitrification / denitrification treatment, anaerobic treatment, and aeration treatment; and solid waste for separating the organic waste treated by the treatment means into solid-liquid separation In an organic waste treatment system comprising a liquid separation means and a water treatment facility for removing nitrogen from the separated liquid separated by the solid-liquid separation means,
An electrolytic cell in which the water treatment facility generates a hypochlorous acid strong oxidizing substance by electrolyzing the separated liquid and removes nitrogen contained in the separated liquid by an oxidizing action of the strong oxidizing substance; Prepared,
A means for measuring a resistance of a separation liquid in the reaction tank; a means for measuring a resistance between electrodes disposed opposite to the reaction tank; And comprising
A means for judging the degree of electrode degradation based on at least one of the interelectrode resistance obtained by the resistance measuring means and the chlorine concentration value of the separated liquid obtained by the chlorine concentration measuring means; Organic waste treatment system characterized by that. The reaction vessel has a means for circulating the separated liquid within the reaction vessel in a bath, claim 2 or, characterized in that a said chlorine concentration measurement means on the circulation path of the circulation means 3 processing system of the organic waste according. The electrolytic cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4 has a foam amount detection means in the reaction tank, and the foam in the reaction tank when the deterioration is judged by the electrode deterioration judgment means. An organic waste treatment system characterized by measuring an amount and introducing an antifoaming agent when the amount of foam is not less than a reference value. A second chlorine concentration measuring means for measuring the chlorine content concentration of the separated liquid is provided in the preceding stage of the electrolytic cell according to claim 2 or 3, and a chlorine ion adjusting agent is introduced based on the chlorine ion concentration measured thereby. 4. The organic waste treatment system according to claim 2 , further comprising means. The electrolytic cell has a means for circulating the separation liquid of the reaction tank in the tank, and a chlorine concentration measuring unit, a residual chlorine measuring unit, an ORP measuring unit on the circulation path of the circulating unit or inside the electrolytic cell. 3. The electrolysis treatment time of the electrolytic cell according to claim 2 , further comprising at least one of pH measurement means and ammonia concentration measurement means, wherein one or a combination of two or more of the measurement means is controlled. or 3 processing system of the organic waste according. A method for treating organic waste that removes nitrogen from the separated liquid after applying at least one of nitrification / denitrification treatment, anaerobic treatment, and aeration treatment to organic waste containing nitrogen In
Electrolyzing the separated liquid-liquid separated liquid in an electrolytic cell to produce a hypochlorous acid-based strong oxidizing substance, removing the nitrogen content contained in the separating liquid by the oxidizing action of the strong oxidizing substance, At the time of the electrolysis, at least one of a resistance value between electrodes disposed opposite to each other in the electrolytic cell and a chlorine concentration value of a separated liquid in the cell is measured, and the electrode is based on the measured value. A method for treating organic waste, characterized in that the deterioration of the waste is judged. In the organic waste processing method for purifying the separated liquid after solid-liquid separation of the organic waste,
The separated liquid separated by electrolysis is electrolyzed to produce a hypochlorous acid-based strong oxidizing substance, and nitrogen content contained in the separating liquid is removed by the oxidizing action of the strong oxidizing substance. In this case, at least one of the resistance value between the electrodes arranged opposite to each other in the electrolytic cell and the chlorine concentration value of the separation liquid in the cell is measured, and the electrode is deteriorated based on the measured value. A method for treating organic waste, characterized by judging. When deterioration of the electrode is determined, to detect the foam of the inner tub, when the foam volume is greater than or equal to the reference value according to claim 8 or 9, wherein placing the defoamer Of organic waste. Before the electrolysis, the chloride ion concentration in the separated liquid is measured, the organic waste according to claim 8 or 9, wherein placing the chloride ion modifier on the basis of the measured concentration of chloride ions Processing method. The electrolytic cell has at least one of chlorine concentration measuring means, residual chlorine concentration measuring means, ORP measuring means, pH measuring means, and ammonia concentration measuring means, and these measuring means are used alone or in combination of two or more. the processing method of claim 8 or 9 organic waste, wherein the controller controls the electrolytic treatment time of the electrolytic cell.

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