JP3916616B2 - Chuck device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a chuck device used for a machine tool such as a lathe.

  In machine tools such as lathes and NC lathes that are commonly used, a chuck device is provided for gripping and fixing a workpiece via a movable member that can be tightened and adjusted with respect to the main shaft. It is customary to carry out processing by rotating together.

  Usually, the number of claw parts for gripping the workpiece is often 3 or 4, and it is classified into interlocking type or single action type according to the driving method of the claw part, and the three claw scroll chuck and the four claw single action chuck. Etc.

  The three-jaw scroll chuck is generally used when fixing a workpiece having a gripped portion intended for a cylindrical shape.

In addition, in the structure where the protrusion dovetail and dovetail are sideways, in the combination of the upper jaw that becomes the claw part of the chuck claw means with the master jaw that becomes the movable member, the recess (ant groove) of the upper claw that becomes the claw part Engage the fixed projection and the movable projection that become the projection ant and attach the upper claw to the master jaw, and move the movable projection upward so that the movable projection and the fixed projection stretch against each other and tighten the upper claw to the master jaw. The gazette of wearing is disclosed (for example, refer to Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-149108

  However, in the above-described conventional example, for example, after chucking the workpiece (work), the holding state is established via a movable member having a tightening adjustment function by the action of fluid pressure driving such as hydraulic pressure or pneumatic pressure, or manual operation. Generally, a firm system is used. However, when replacing the claw, it is necessary to tighten or loosen a predetermined number of bolts (at least 6 or more with a 3 claw chuck). Indispensable, there is a problem that the time loss is large in work that needs frequent replacement, such as setup work for processing the next workpiece.

  In the example of Patent Document 1, there are problems that the structure is complicated, the setup operation is not easy, the existing master jaw cannot be used, and therefore the cost is increased.

  The present invention is made by paying attention to the above-described points, and uses a dovetail and a dovetail groove that mutually engage a claw portion that contacts and grips a workpiece and a claw portion support member that supports the claw portion, The structure can be easily removed from the outer periphery of the chuck device body, the existing movable member (master jaw) can be used as it is, the production cost is low, the work content is simplified, the replacement work time is shortened, and It is an object of the present invention to provide a chuck device used in a machine tool that can improve production efficiency.

  This invention can solve the said subject by providing the following structure.

(1) A chuck device in which a plurality of chuck claw means for gripping the workpiece is detachably mounted on a movable member that is movable in the radial direction within the chuck device body in accordance with the size of the workpiece, The chuck claw means is engaged with a claw portion that forms a block piece having a dovetail groove that becomes a groove-shaped recess along a surface orthogonal to a contact surface that abuts when gripping a workpiece, and a dovetail groove of the claw portion. A claw support member having a projecting portion ant that can be slidably fitted. The claw support member is screwed and fastened by an intermediate connecting member and a fastening screw member, and is also serrated in the movable member of the chuck device body. It can be engaged and fixed via a locking portion that forms a protrusion edge, and the protrusion dovetail is arranged in parallel to the radial direction of the chuck device main body, and can be freely moved into and out of a predetermined part of the surface of the protrusion dovetail. Screw the locking screw member for locking into place. A retaining screw hole for pressing and locking provided in the claw support member is provided in the dovetail groove of the claw portion, and the retaining screw member is provided so as to be capable of being screwed up and down. An insertion hole having a diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the head of the locking screw member through which the tool for rotating the locking screw member can be loosely inserted is penetrated at a portion engaged with the locking screw member, and a claw portion A claw part locking means that can be freely opened and closed is provided at a predetermined portion of the claw part support member on the same side as the back surface opposite to the workpiece contact surface of the workpiece, and the claw part slides on the claw part support member. After the fitting, the claw portion locking means is rotated in a predetermined direction to lock the claw portion, so that it can resist the work gripping force at the time of chucking, and the head of the locking screw member is bulges rotate protrudes in a direction to press the engagement surfaces of the dovetail groove inside, by the action of the locking screw member and the pawl portion engaging means Configuration and the chucking device to tight support member and locking can fix the claw portion at a predetermined position.

  (2) The claw part locking means is composed of a hook-shaped part having a protruding edge part and a bolt part, and the bolt part is loosened so that the hook-shaped part can be rotated and fixed (1) The chuck apparatus as described.

  (3) The protrusion dovetail and dovetail groove that are provided on the claw part and the claw part support member are parallel to each other from one side to the other side along the radial direction of the chuck device body. The chuck device according to (1), wherein the chuck device has a rectangular shape that has a quadrilateral shape in plan view.

  According to the present invention, the projection part and the dovetail groove that engage each other with the claw part that contacts and grips the workpiece and the claw part support member that supports the claw part are configured to be detachable. The existing movable member (master jaw) can be used as it is, the manufacturing cost is low, the fixing method of the claw part is extremely simple, the work content is simplified, the replacement work time is shortened, the processing capacity and At the same time, the production efficiency can be improved.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the chuck device according to the present invention will be described.

  1A and 1B are explanatory views showing an example of a configuration of a claw portion and a claw portion supporting member in the embodiment, wherein FIG. 1A is a plan view of the claw portion, FIG. 1B is a front view, and FIG. d) is a perspective view of the claw portion viewed from the back side, (e) is a plan view, (f) is a rear view on the side opposite to the workpiece contact surface, (g) is a cross-sectional view along AA, and (h) is B -B sectional view, (i) is a perspective view of the claw portion as viewed from above, (j) is a perspective view of the claw portion support member as viewed from the upper back side, and FIG. FIG. 3A is a front view, FIG. 3B is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C, and FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a state where a claw portion is fitted and attached to a claw support member attached to the chuck device body. The front view seen from the outer peripheral side which shows the state which rotated the part latching means and latched the nail | claw part, FIG. 4 (a), (b) is explanatory drawing which shows the example of the shape of a nail | claw part latching means. FIG. 5 shows a claw portion and a claw portion supporting member. It is sectional drawing which shows the other example of a fitting part shape, (a) is sectional drawing in which the cross section of a fitting part shows a T-shaped example, (b) is a cross section of a fitting part, and is similar to an ant-ant groove. It is sectional drawing which shows the example of a shape.

  In a machine tool such as a lathe, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a plurality of claws for gripping a workpiece (hereinafter referred to as a workpiece) via a movable member 2 and an intermediate connecting member 7 having a tightening adjustment function. The support members 5 are arranged radially in the radial direction of the chuck device main body 1 with respect to the rotation center of the chuck device main body 1, and can be moved in the radial direction in the chuck device main body 1 according to the size of the workpiece. A chuck device in which a chuck claw means 3 for gripping the workpiece is detachably mounted on the movable member 2, and the chuck claw means 3 is along a surface orthogonal to the contact surface 4 a that contacts when the workpiece is gripped. Claw part support member which has claw part 4 which comprises block piece which has dovetail groove 4b used as a slot-like crevice, and projection part ant 5a which can be engaged and engaged with dovetail groove 4b of claw part 4 5 and the claw support portion 5 is screwed and fastened by an intermediate connecting member 7 and a fastening screw member 6 and can be engaged and fixed via a locking portion 9 that forms a sawtooth-shaped protruding edge portion on the movable member 2 of the chuck device body 1. The projection dovetail 5a is disposed in parallel with the radial direction of the chuck device main body 1, and a locking screw member 8 for press-fitting which can be freely moved into and out of the surface of the projection dovetail 5a is screwed and received. A retaining screw hole 8b is formed so that the locking screw member 8 can be screwed up and down, and in the dovetail groove 4b of the claw portion 4, a pressing locking provided in the claw portion support member 5 is provided. An insertion of a diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the head 8a of the locking screw member 8 capable of loosely inserting a tool when the locking screw member 8 is rotated. The hole 10 is penetrated, and can be freely opened and closed on the back surface 4c opposite to the workpiece contact surface 4a. After the portion locking means 12 is provided and the claw portion 4 is slidably fitted to the claw portion support member 5, the claw portion locking means 12 is turned down in a predetermined direction, for example, as shown in FIG. In this state, the claw portion 4 is locked by rotating in the direction of the arrow B from the closed state, and the head 8a of the locking screw member 8 is protruded to be able to resist the work gripping force at the time of chucking. The engaging surface on the inner side of the groove 4b is pressed so that the claw portion 4 can be locked and fixed to the claw portion supporting member 5 at a predetermined position.

  The claw portion locking means 12 is composed of a hook-shaped portion 13 having a protruding edge portion 13a and a bolt portion 14, and the bolt-shaped portion 13 can be tightened to rotate and fix the hook-shaped portion 13.

  The protrusion dovetail 5a and dovetail groove 4b provided on the claw portion 4 and the claw portion support member 5 are directed from one side to the other side along the radial direction of the chuck device body 1. It presents a rectangle that has two parallel sides and is a quadrilateral when viewed in plan.

  With respect to other symbols, 2a is on the upper surface of the movable member 2 and is engaged with and engaged with the engaging portions 9 that form the serrated projection edges provided on both edges of the bottom surface of the claw support member 5. It is a movable member engaging surface that can be fixed. 6a is a hexagon socket head portion of the fastening screw member 6 for screwing and fastening the claw support member 5 and the intermediate connecting member 7, and 8a is a locking screw member 8 in a predetermined direction with respect to the claw support member 5. It is a head with a hexagonal hole of a locking screw member 8 that rotates and protrudes on the surface of the claw support member 5 and engages and presses against the surface of the dovetail groove 4b of the claw 4 to engage and fix the claw 4 . Reference numeral 6 b denotes a through hole for fastening with the intermediate connecting member of the fastening screw member 6 drilled in the claw support member 5. 11 is provided on the bottom surface of the claw support member 5 in parallel with the direction of the protrusion dovetail and dovetail groove, and can be slidably fitted with the engaging convex part of the intermediate connecting member 7 which is the same as the sliding direction of the movable member 2. Long groove recess.

  Further, the structure of the claw support member 5 will be described. The claw support member 5 has an isometric trapezoidal protrusion ant 5a that engages with the dovetail groove 4b. It presents a rectangle with two parallel sides.

  It should be noted that the projection dovetail and dovetail groove combination may be reversed to provide the projection dovetail on the claw and the dovetail groove on the claw support member.

  The operation will be described with reference to the above-described configuration and drawings.

  First, a predetermined claw portion 4 is selected in accordance with a chucking dimension based on the specifications of a predetermined workpiece in accordance with a work program on a chuck device body 1 of a machine tool such as a lathe. For example, in the case of a three-claw scroll chuck, Three claw support members 5 corresponding to the selected claw portion 4 are prepared, and the claw support member 5 is connected to the intermediate connecting member 7 via the movable member 2 having a tightening adjustment function attached to the chuck device main body 1. In addition, the three claw support members 5 are screwed and fastened with fastening screw members 6 such as bolts in advance.

  When the claw support member 5 is mounted, the claw support member 5 is positioned with respect to the upper surface 2a of the movable member 2 with a desired work size as a target, and the fastening screw member 6 is inserted into the through hole 6b. Supporting the claw portion by screwing and tightening the fastening screw member 6 in a state where the engaging portion 9 forming the serrated projection edge provided on the bottom surface of the support member 5 and the upper surface 2a of the movable member 2 are engaged with each other. The member 5 and the movable member 2 of the chuck device main body 1 are fixed via an intermediate connecting member 7.

  The claw portion 4 can be slidably fitted on the moving shaft provided along the radius passing through the center of rotation of the chuck device body 1 from the outer peripheral side of the peripheral portion toward the center. As shown in a), from the outer peripheral side of the chuck device main body 1, it is slid and fitted so as to fit the claw portion 4 against the claw portion support member 5 along the arrow a. With the back surface 4c opposite to the contact surface 4a passing through the outer end of the claw support member 5, the claw support member 5 is operated by the locking screw member 8 and the claw locking means 12 acting. On the other hand, the claw portion 4 can be engaged and fixed.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the locking screw members 8 provided at three locations are rotated in predetermined directions so that the head 8 a of the locking screw member 8 protrudes from the surface of the claw support member 5. 3 is pressed and fixed to the engagement portion of the inner surface of the dovetail groove 4b of the portion 4, and the hook-shaped portion 13 of the claw portion locking means 12 is rotated in the direction of the arrow B as shown in FIG. The projecting edge portion 13a is hooked on a predetermined portion of the back surface 4c of the claw portion 4, and the bolt portion 14 is rotated and fastened and fixed. The claw portion locking means 12 can fix the workpiece against the gripping force at the time of chucking.

  The three chuck claw means 3 are configured as described above, and the movable member (master jaw) of the chuck device main body 1 is operated according to the size of the workpiece to grip the workpiece and perform a predetermined processing operation.

  That is, in order to press and fix the claw part 4 to the claw part support member 5, if the locking screw member 8 is rotated in the direction in which the head 8a protrudes, for example, if the locking screw member 8 is a reverse screw, it is rotated to the right. Well, if you have a normal screw cut, just rotate the tool counterclockwise.

  The nail | claw part latching means 12 is not limited to the shape shown in the Example, It is good also as a U-shape as shown in FIG.4 (b).

  Moreover, 13b is a knob | pick part at the time of rotating the collar-shaped part 13, and should just be a magnitude | size about the level which an operator's finger | hook hangs, a round bar may be attached and a shape is not limited. The knob 13b may not be attached. The point is that it has a strength capable of maintaining a reaction force sufficient to support the gripping force when the workpiece is gripped, and the protruding edge portion 13a can be freely opened and closed so that it does not interfere with the attachment / detachment of the claw portion 4.

  As described above, the setup operation before processing is completed with an extremely simple operation.

  Moreover, as for the fitting part shape of the nail | claw part 4 and the nail | claw part support member 5, as shown to Fig.5 (a) other than the combination of an ant and a dovetail groove, a cross-sectional shape fits to this with a T shape. As shown in (b), as a combination of an ant-like groove-like shape, which is a combination of an ant-like shape obtained by half-cutting off the tip of both sides of an isosceles trapezoid and a recessed portion fitted to this. Also good.

  In this state, the chuck device body 1 can be rotated to perform the machining operation.

  As described above, the setup work prior to machining has been greatly simplified, and the time required for the setup process can be greatly reduced while saving labor.

  In this embodiment, the number of chuck claws is three. However, the present invention can be applied to the case of four claws.

  As explained in the effect of the invention, the industrial applicability is not described again, so it is omitted.

Explanatory drawing which shows an example of a structure of a nail | claw part and a nail | claw part support member, (a) Nail | claw part top view, (b) Front view, (c) Side view, (d) The perspective view which looked at the nail | claw part from the back side, e) Plan view of claw support member, (f) Rear view of claw support member, (g) AA cross-sectional view, (h) BB cross-sectional view, (i) Claw portion viewed from above on the back side (J) The perspective view which looked at the nail | claw part support member from the back side upper side Explanatory drawing which shows the state which mounted | wore the chuck | zipper apparatus main body with the nail | claw part support member, (a) Front view, (b) CC expanded sectional view The front view seen from the outer peripheral side which shows the state which fitted the nail | claw part to the nail | claw part support member with which the chuck | zipper apparatus main body was mounted | worn, and rotated the nail | claw part latching means and latched the nail | claw part. (A), (b) Explanatory drawing which shows the example of the shape of a nail | claw part latching means Sectional drawing which shows the other example of the fitting part shape of a nail | claw part and a nail | claw part support member, (a) Sectional drawing which shows the example of a cross-section of a fitting part, and (b) The cross section of a fitting part is ant.・ Cross sectional view showing an example of dovetail similar shape

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Chuck apparatus main body 2 Movable member 3 Chuck claw means 4 Claw part 4a Contact surface (work contact surface)
4b Dovetail groove 4c Back surface 5 Claw part support member 5a Protrusion part dovetail 6 Fastening screw member 7 Intermediate connection member 8 Locking screw member 8a Head 8b Housing screw hole 9 Locking part (sawtooth-shaped protrusion edge)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Insertion hole 11 Long groove recessed part 12 Claw part latching means 13 Gutter-shaped part 13a Projection edge part 13b Knob part 14 Bolt part

Claims (3)

A chuck device comprising a plurality of chuck claw means for detachably mounting a workpiece on a movable member that is movable in a radial direction within the chuck device body in accordance with the size of the workpiece, wherein the chuck claw means Is a claw part that forms a block piece having a dovetail groove that becomes a groove-shaped recess along a surface perpendicular to the abutting surface that abuts when gripping a workpiece, and is engaged with the dovetail groove of the claw part by sliding fitting. A claw support member having a projecting ant that can be engaged, and the claw support member is screwed and fastened by an intermediate connecting member and a fastening screw member, and a serrated projection edge on the movable member of the chuck device body The protrusion ants are arranged in parallel to the radial direction of the chuck device body, and can be protruded and retracted at a predetermined portion of the surface of the protrusion ants. The locking screw member of A locking screw member for pressing locking provided in the claw support member is provided in the dovetail groove of the claw portion, and the locking screw member is provided so as to be able to be screwed up and down by drilling a screw hole. An insertion hole having a diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the head of the locking screw member through which the tool for rotating the locking screw member can be loosely inserted is provided in the portion to be engaged . A claw part locking means that can be freely opened and closed is provided at a predetermined portion of the claw support member on the same side as the back surface opposite to the workpiece contact surface, and the claw part is slidably fitted to the claw support member. After the engagement, the claw portion locking means is rotated in a predetermined direction to lock the claw portion so that it can resist the work gripping force during chucking, and the head of the locking screw member protrudes. rotate protrude in a direction to press the engagement surfaces of the dovetail groove inside the claw by the action of the locking screw member and the pawl portion engaging means Chuck apparatus characterized by relative to the support member and locking can fix the claw portion at a predetermined position.   The claw portion locking means comprises a hook-shaped portion having a projecting edge portion and a bolt portion, and the bolt portion is loosened so that the hook-shaped portion can be rotated and fixed. 1. The chuck device according to 1.   The protrusion dovetail and dovetail groove which are provided on the claw part and the claw part support member and which engage with each other have two sides parallel from one side to the other side along the radial direction of the chuck device body. The chuck device according to claim 1, wherein the chuck device has a rectangular shape that is a quadrilateral when seen in a plan view.

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