JP3913837B2 - LLC combustion processing method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention burns waste oil and uses it as a heat source to enable complete combustion of waste coolant (hereinafter referred to as waste LLC) mainly composed of ethylene glycol discharged from cooling systems such as heating equipment and prime movers. The present invention relates to an LLC combustion processing method and a processing apparatus therefor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
From the viewpoint of environmental measures, there has been a strong demand for safe and efficient treatment methods for waste oil, which is industrial waste. In particular, waste oils such as solvents and oils are treated with chemical reaction, separation and purification, and incineration. Processing and the like are appropriately selected and used.
[0003]
For example, the schematic diagram of FIG. 3 shows a schematic configuration of a conventional waste oil combustion apparatus.
As shown in the figure, a combustion chamber 52 having a cylindrical furnace wall 51 is provided, an exhaust pipe 53 is provided at an upper portion of the combustion chamber, and a plurality of compressed air injection nozzles 54 are provided on the side wall of the combustion chamber 52. In addition, an upward fuel injection burner 55 is provided at the bottom of the combustion chamber 52, and a reservoir 56 of unburned waste oil that has flowed down is provided at the outer periphery thereof.
[0004]
On the other hand, the waste oil is sprayed from the waste oil tank 60 provided outside by the pump 59 to the inner wall from the top of the upper end of the exhaust pipe 53, flows down while being heated, and is atomized by compressed air ejected from the ejection nozzle 54. Thus, the fuel is rapidly heated and combusted by the flame injected from the injection burner 55 provided at the bottom.
In the case of the above configuration, the waste oil flows down while being heated inside the furnace wall 51 and reaches the ejection nozzle 54. Therefore, the waste oil is concentrated and becomes fine particles that are easily ignited, enabling efficient combustion. Further, since the unburned waste oil is recirculated from the reservoir 56 to the waste oil tank, the unburned waste oil can be sent again into the combustion chamber, so that the waste oil can be reliably treated.
[0005]
In the case of the above configuration, there is a built-in problem that the flow velocity of the furnace wall depends on the viscosity of the waste oil and the processing speed is eventually affected, and the entire furnace wall of the combustion chamber is cooled by heat exchange with the waste oil, As a result, the waste oil cannot be burned completely, and incompletely burned products and exhaust gas are inevitably generated.
In general, waste oils that require treatment include engine oil, gear oil, spindle oil, machine oil, refrigerator oil, water-insoluble oil, hydraulic oil, quenching oil, cutting oil, kerosene, light oil, heavy oil A, dynamo oil, etc. And the viscosity range is wide and cannot be generally specified.
[0006]
Although the boiling point of ethylene glycol, which is the main component, is 197.6 ° C and the ignition temperature is high, LLC containing a lot of water has a higher ignition temperature and a problem that combustion at room temperature is difficult. Yes.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems,
First, in the waste oil combustion device, the above problems such as incomplete combustion are solved to enable stable combustion, and the combustion heat of the waste oil combustion device that stably burns is used to form a high-temperature combustible atmosphere so that the waste LLC is completely burned. An object of the present invention is to provide an LLC combustion processing method and a processing apparatus that can be used.
[0008]
By the way, as described above, in order to obtain a stable combustion atmosphere by complete combustion of a wide variety of waste oils, it is necessary to perform heat treatment of the waste oil at an appropriate temperature, and also to the heat treatment of the waste LLC having a high ignition temperature. To do.
On the other hand, the high temperature combustible atmosphere of the waste LLC requires a heat source and a heat transfer mechanism necessary for vaporizing the particulate waste LLC by the atmosphere, and is also necessary for combustion based on thermal oxidation of the vaporized waste LLC vapor. An abundant oxygen supply mechanism is required.
[0009]
That is, in the present invention, high heat energy obtained by complete combustion of waste oil is used as a heat source for the high temperature combustible atmosphere,
Further, the heat transfer mechanism enables the formation of fine particles of waste LLC and the efficient contact caused by high-speed spraying of the formed fine particles in a high-temperature swirling oxidation air flow.
In addition, the abundant oxygen supply mechanism necessary for the thermal oxidation of the atmosphere capable of high-temperature combustion is made possible by additional air blowing to the upper secondary combustion space for waste LLC combustion by the air blowing means.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, the LLC combustion processing method of the present invention is
The hot whirling air current that is building in the primary combustion space to the secondary combustion space of the waste oil combustion apparatus by adding fresh air to form hot combustion possible atmosphere consisting hot swirling oxidizing gas stream, the high pressure air waste coolant which is applied warms Or a spray means through a pressure feeding device to form a straight spray film in the downward direction with respect to the high-temperature swirling oxidation airflow, and the flow of fine particles of heating LLC (disposal coolant) in the spray film and the high-temperature swirling It is characterized in that the oxygen flow of the oxidizing air flow is brought into contact with each other at right angles to enable complete combustion based on evaporation of the coolant and thermal oxidation.
[0011]
[0012]
Moreover, the LLC combustion processing apparatus of this invention is
In a waste oil combustion apparatus comprising a waste oil supply means, a combustion chamber, a blowing means for combustion air,
It is configured to include a heating unit for waste coolant, an injector and a pressure feeding device including a compressed air source for heating coolant injection, and a spray nozzle provided in the upper portion of the combustion chamber,
The waste oil supply means is provided with a waste oil heating section, the combustion chamber is constituted by a lower primary combustion space for waste oil combustion and an upper secondary combustion space for waste coolant combustion, and a blower means is provided in the upper and lower combustion spaces. The nozzle is blown and the nozzle blowing direction is decentered with respect to the combustion chamber axial swirl flow to form the combustion chamber axial swirl flow , and the spray nozzle has a straight spray film in the downward direction with respect to the combustion chamber swirl flow. A plurality of spray holes are provided in the downward direction so as to form .
[0013]
[0014]
The spray nozzle according to claim 3 is:
It is characterized by comprising a plurality of branch nozzles from the center.
[0015]
[Action]
Therefore, according to the LLC combustion processing method of the present invention,
The fresh high-temperature combustion air obtained in the primary combustion space of the waste oil combustion device and introduced into the upper secondary combustion space is additionally blown with fresh air to replenish abundant oxygen to the high-temperature combustion air formed in the primary combustion space. A high-temperature swirling oxidation airflow is formed, and a high-temperature combustible atmosphere is formed.
Then, an appropriate amount of the waste LLC is sucked up into fine particles via an injector or a pressure feeding device that is operated by high-pressure air on the waste LLC, which is a waste coolant that has been heated at an appropriate temperature in advance, and sprayed at high speed from the spray nozzle to the high-temperature combustible atmosphere. For example, the sprayed fine particles of waste LLC are deeply dispersed and mixed in the high temperature atmosphere and are vaporized by efficient contact. Furthermore, it combines with the high temperature oxygen that is abundantly contained in the atmosphere to enable complete combustion based on thermal oxidation.
[0016]
Thus, the combustion energy obtained by the combustion of the waste oil can be effectively used to form a high-temperature combustible atmosphere for the combustion of the waste LLC, and the waste LLC can be completely burned.
In addition, since the spraying through the spray nozzle is directed toward the high-temperature swirling oxidizing gas stream, it is possible to efficiently generate vaporized fine particles and contact with oxygen gas, thereby promoting complete combustion. .
[0017]
Furthermore, the present invention can form a straight spray film with respect to the high-temperature swirl oxidation airflow in a completely combustible atmosphere formed in the secondary combustion space, and as a result , the flow of fine particles of the heated LLC in the spray film and the above-mentioned The waste LLC fine particles sprayed at a high speed can be brought into contact with high contact efficiency by making the oxygen flow of the high-temperature swirling oxidation air flow orthogonal to each other, thereby promoting the vaporization of the fine particles and complete combustion based on thermal oxidation.
[0018]
Moreover, according to the LLC combustion processing apparatus of the present invention,
A waste oil combustion apparatus having a waste oil supply means, a combustion chamber, and a blower means for combustion air is provided with a heated part of the waste LLC and a compressed air source for injection that sucks the heated waste LLC and enables high-speed spraying into fine particles. An injector, a pressure feeding device, and a spray nozzle are provided.
Further, the use of the pressure feeding device produces the same effect as described above.
The heating LLC is heated to an appropriate temperature in advance by the heating unit so that it can be ignited, and the heating waste LLC is sucked in an appropriate amount under an appropriate air pressure by an injector and heated at high speed spray-like fine particles and without a spray nozzle. is fast sprayed dispersed downwardly against the secondary combustion space.
[0019]
In addition, the waste oil supply means is provided with a waste oil heating section to enable stable ignition combustion for various kinds of waste oil to enable complete combustion of the waste oil together with the blower means, thereby enabling generation of high-temperature combustion energy by waste oil combustion. A primary combustion space for waste oil combustion can be formed.
Further, as described above, the combustion chamber is configured to provide the lower primary combustion space for waste oil combustion and the upper secondary combustion space for waste LLC combustion, so that the high-temperature combustion air formed in the lower primary combustion space rises. Is introduced into the upper secondary combustion space to form an atmosphere capable of high-temperature combustion.
In other words, in the upper secondary combustion space containing the high temperature combustion energy formed by combustion of waste oil in the lower primary combustion space, the dispersed heating fine particles of the waste LLC are vaporized and newly supplied by the blowing means The thermal oxidation by the generated oxygen occurs, and the required combustion becomes possible.
[0020]
The structure of the addition, feed air means, because of a structure in which the nozzle blowing direction is eccentric to the axis of the combustion chamber, the combustion chamber, while always air containing new oxygen to form a swirling oxide airflow supply This enables complete combustion in the upper and lower combustion spaces.
[0021]
Further, according to the configuration of the spray nozzle according to claim 3 ,
A plurality of spray films can be formed on the high-temperature swirling oxidation airflow for combustion formed by the air blowing means according to claim 2, and the high-temperature swirling oxidation airflow rich in waste LLC fine particles sprayed at high speed from the spray nozzle and oxygen is efficient. And complete combustion based on vaporization and thermal oxidation of the fine particles.
[0022]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the components described in this embodiment are merely illustrative examples and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention unless otherwise specified. Absent.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an LLC combustion processing apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an operation state of FIG.
[0023]
As shown in FIG. 1, the LLC combustion processing apparatus of the present invention includes a combustion chamber 10, a waste oil supply unit 13, a waste LLC supply unit 15, and a combustion air supply unit 25.
The combustion chamber 10 is composed of a lower primary combustion space 10a for waste oil combustion, an upper secondary combustion space 10b for waste LLC combustion, and an exhaust cylinder 10c, and the high temperature combustion energy obtained by waste oil combustion in the lower primary combustion space 10a is obtained. By utilizing this, a high-temperature combustible space is formed in the upper secondary combustion space 10b.
[0024]
In addition, the waste oil supply unit 13 includes a waste oil tank 11 and a waste oil heating float 12 that heats the waste oil supplied from the tank to a predetermined appropriate temperature to achieve complete ignition and complete combustion of the waste oil, and in the lower primary combustion space 10a. Combined with the supply of excess combustion air that forms an oxidative flow by the lower air blower 25a described later, complete combustion of the waste oil is made possible.
The combustion air supply unit 25 includes a lower air blowing unit 25a and an upper air blowing unit 25b. The combustion air supply unit 25 supplies excess combustion air to the lower primary combustion space 10a and the upper waste LLC combustion space 10b, respectively, and forms an oxidizing flow in each space. In the upper secondary combustion space, the lower LLC can be ignited by the high-temperature combustion air based on the complete combustion of the waste oil in the lower primary combustion space.
[0025]
Further, the air blowing direction of the nozzles of the upper and lower air blowing parts 25a and 25b is provided so as to be eccentric upward with respect to the axis of the combustion chamber 10, and the air blowing of the upper and lower air blowing parts raises the combustion air upward into the upper and lower combustion spaces 10a and 10b. A swirling airflow is formed to enable efficient contact between the combustion air and the combusted member. In the upper secondary combustion space, which will be described later, the high-temperature swirling air stream is supplied with combustion air containing excess oxygen from the upper air blower 25b, forms a high-temperature swirling oxidizing air stream, and is formed in the lower radial direction formed by the spray nozzle 21. It works effectively by the structure of the straight spray film and enables efficient contact between oxygen and combustibles.
[0026]
The waste LLC supply unit 15 includes a waste LLC tank 16, a waste LLC heating unit 17, a compressed air 18, an air regulator 19, an injector 20, and a spray nozzle 21. The waste LLC supply unit 15 is mainly composed of ethylene glycol having a high boiling point temperature and water. In order to easily and easily ignite the combustion of the waste LLC containing a large amount, the waste LLC tank 16 is supplied in advance and heated to an appropriate temperature by the waste LLC heating unit 17, and the heated LLC is passed through the injector 20 by the compressed air 18. The heated waste LLC fine particles are sprayed at high speed from the spray nozzle 21 to the upper secondary combustion space 10b of the combustion chamber 10 through the suction action.
[0027]
The spray nozzle 21 is composed of a plurality of branch nozzles from the axial center of the combustion chamber 10, and each nozzle is provided with innumerable downward spray holes so that the spray nozzle 21 is directly directed downward with respect to the high-temperature swirling oxidation airflow. The flow of heated LLC fine particles in the spray film and the oxygen flow of the high-temperature swirling oxidation air flow are orthogonalized to form an efficient contact, and complete combustion based on vaporization and oxidation of the fine particles is formed. It is possible.
[0028]
The operation state of the LLC combustion processing apparatus of FIG. 1 is shown in the flowchart shown in FIG. 2, but as shown in FIG. is there. That is,
1) Waste LLC combustion process;
In s31, the waste oil heating float 12 is filled from the waste oil tank 11 with the valve 11a open, and the waste LLC is filled into the waste LLC heating unit 17 with the valve 16a open from the waste LLC tank 16.
In s32, power is turned on to the waste oil heating float 12 and the heating heaters 12a and 17a of the waste LLC heating unit 17 to heat the waste oil and waste LLC to appropriate temperatures.
In s33, an appropriate amount of kerosene is injected into the combustion chamber 10 and ignited.
In s34, the blower is powered on, and the ignited kerosene is burned by fully opening the air volume adjusting valve of the lower air blowing part 25a and the upper air blowing part 25b.
In s35, the oil supply valve 12b of the waste oil heating float 12 is opened, and the heated waste oil heated to an appropriate temperature is injected into the lower portion of the combustion chamber 10.
In s36, the injected heated waste oil is easily ignited by the burning kerosene.
At this time, if not ignited, the supply of heated waste oil is stopped via s43 and s44, the power supply of the blower is cut off, the process returns to s33, and the ignition of the waste oil is performed again from the kerosene injection ignition process.
In addition, when it ignites, it transfers to the next step.
In s37, the heated oil supply valve is throttled from the fully open position, and in s38, the temperature of the primary combustion space 10a for waste oil combustion is set to a desired temperature, and a high-temperature combustible atmosphere consisting of a high-temperature swirling oxidation airflow is formed in the upper secondary combustion space 10b. Let it form.
In s39, the air supply valve 18a of the compressed air 18 is opened, the injector 20 is operated under an appropriate amount control via the air regulator 19, and the waste LLC heated at an appropriate temperature is formed into a straight particulate shape with respect to the high-temperature swirling oxidized air flow. A spray film is formed.
In s40, the fine particles efficiently come into contact with high-temperature oxygen to vaporize and undergo an oxidation process, and the waste LLC is heated to a high temperature and takes the form of lower ignition that is ignited by the high temperature.
In this case, in the case of misfire, the compressed air supply valve 18a is closed via s45, and the process returns to s33 via s43 and s44 to reset the temperature at s38.
In addition, when it ignites, it transfers to the next step.
In s41 and s42, the combustion of the waste LLC is started, and the process shifts to a complete combustion process.
2) Fire extinguishing process;
In s46, the compressed air supply valve is closed.
In s47, the heating waste oil supply valve 12a is then closed to stop the supply of the heated waste oil. Stop and extinguish the combustion of waste oil.
In s48, the blower is turned off after the above firefighting confirmation.
In s49, the fire extinguishing is thus finished.
[0029]
In the LLC combustion processing apparatus of this invention, the combustion heat which generate | occur | produces in the combustion process of the said waste LLC can be utilized as a heat source for boilers.
Further, when the waste LLC is not burned, it can be used as a waste oil stove.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
Due to the above configuration of the present invention, ethylene glycol mainly composed of LLC containing a lot of water has a high boiling point, so that the combustion process of waste LLC, which has been difficult to burn conventionally, can be obtained at the time of waste oil combustion. It is possible to provide a combustion processing method and apparatus using a heat source that enable complete combustion at low cost.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an LLC combustion processing apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an operation state of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a conventional waste oil combustion apparatus.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Combustion chamber 10a Lower primary combustion space 10b Upper secondary combustion space 11 Waste oil tank 12 Waste oil heating float 13 Waste oil supply part 15 Waste LLC supply part 16 Waste LLC tank 17 Waste LLC heating part 18 Compressed air 19 Air regulator 20 Injector 21 Spray nozzle 25 Combustion Empty Supply Unit 25a Lower Blower 25b Upper Blower

Claims (3)

The hot whirling air current that is building in the primary combustion space to the secondary combustion space of the waste oil combustion apparatus by adding fresh air to form hot combustion possible atmosphere consisting hot swirling oxidizing gas stream, the high pressure air waste coolant which is applied warms Or a spray means through a pressure feeding device to form a straight spray film in the downward direction with respect to the high-temperature swirling oxidation airflow, and the flow of fine particles of heating LLC (disposal coolant) in the spray film and the high-temperature swirling An LLC combustion processing method, characterized in that complete combustion based on evaporation of the coolant and thermal oxidation is made possible by bringing the oxygen flow of the oxidizing airflow into contact with each other at right angles . In a waste oil combustion apparatus comprising a waste oil supply means, a combustion chamber, a blowing means for combustion air,
It is configured to include a heating unit for waste coolant, an injector and a pressure feeding device including a compressed air source for heating coolant injection, and a spray nozzle provided in the upper portion of the combustion chamber,
The waste oil supply means is provided with a waste oil heating section, the combustion chamber is constituted by a lower primary combustion space for waste oil combustion and an upper secondary combustion space for waste coolant combustion, and a blower means is provided in the upper and lower combustion spaces. The nozzle is blown and the nozzle blowing direction is decentered with respect to the combustion chamber axial swirl flow to form the combustion chamber axial swirl flow, and the spray nozzle has a straight spray film in the downward direction with respect to the combustion chamber swirl flow. An LLC combustion processing apparatus , wherein a plurality of spray holes are provided in a downward direction so as to form . 3. The LLC combustion processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the spray nozzle is constituted by a plurality of branch nozzles from the center .

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