JP3910696B2 - Oil recovery device and oil recovery ship - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is, for example, oil floating on the water surface, the oil film, or oil-containing dust, etc., can Ru oil recovery apparatus to rapidly recovered by the simple structure, and to a oil recovery vessel.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, cargo oil spill accidents have occurred one after another due to ship rupture due to aging of ships, collisions due to navigation mistakes and grounding.
In such an oil spill accident, the greater the amount of oil drifting on the coast, the greater the cost, time, and labor for post-treatment, and it takes a very long time to restore the environmental condition before contamination. Therefore, when an oil spill accident occurs, it is desired to recover the oil as soon as possible.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, for example, there are no oil recovery vessels in the country that can operate offshore with a wave height of 1.5 m or more. Therefore, for example, when a crude oil spill accident occurs offshore such as the Sea of Japan, even if a ship for oil recovery arrives, the oil recovery operation cannot be performed offshore, and the spilled oil approaches the coast where the wave height is low. I had to wait.
[0004]
On the other hand, most of the sand used as concrete fine aggregate for concrete and ground improvement material for landfill depends on sea sand in western Japan. This sea sand is mainly collected by dredgers from the seabed by sand pumps along the coast of the Seto Inland Sea and Kyushu.
Most of the dredgers for sea sand collection as described above employ a suction collection system using a pump. At present, the number of these dredgers is estimated to be about 500, and they are scattered all over Japan. However, these dredgers are surplus in Japan due to the recent economic downturn.
[0005]
Here, a general-purpose dredger is shown in FIG.
In the dredger 1A shown in the figure, a sand collection hose 9a, a sand collection pipe 9b, a sand collection hose 9c, and a sand collection hose 9d are extended from the hull 2 floating on the water surface H toward the seabed B. The tip of the sand sampling hose 9a is connected to the discharge side of the fluid suction device 8, and the rear end of the sand sampling hose 9d is connected to the sand sorter 10. A suction port 63 for sand collection is attached to the ship side connection pipe portion 30 on the suction side of the fluid suction device 8 via a suction side connection pipe portion 66.
[0006]
Further, the pump holder 18 for holding the fluid suction device 8, the sand sampling tube 9b, the sand sampling hose 9c, and the ropes 21, 25, 27, 29 connected to the sand sampling hose 9d are connected to the winches 20, 24, 26, As a result, the position and posture of the sand sampling suction port 63, the sand sampling pipe 9b, and the sand sampling hoses 9a, 9c, and 9d are adjusted.
Then, when the fluid suction device 8 is driven, the sand on the seabed B is sucked from the seawater suction port 63 together with seawater and sent to the sand sorter 10. Sand and seawater from which gravel, shells, and the like are separated by the sand sorter 10 are put into a storage tank 12 through a chute 11. Thus, the seawater in the storage tank 12 is drained out of the ship by a drain pump or the like.
[0007]
The present invention was made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and in the event of an oil spill accident, in addition to the existing equipment equipped with a general-purpose dredger, a relatively simple attachment can be quickly installed, by performing a slight modification or addition to the hull structure, and to provide emergency in readiness possible high have oil recovery device mobility, and oil recovery vessels.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, an oil recovery apparatus according to the present invention is provided on a housing-like suction mouth body, and on the front surface of the suction mouth body, where the upper edge of the opening floats from the water surface and the lower edge of the opening is submerged. A suction opening for oil recovery, comprising a water intake opening disposed at the rear of the suction body and a suction-side connection pipe portion detachably connected to the suction side of an external fluid suction device; and A suction port holding means for holding the water intake opening of the oil recovery suction port at a position where the upper edge of the opening floats from the water surface and the lower edge of the opening is submerged, a fluid suction device for sucking fluid outside the ship, and a fluid A ship-side connection pipe portion provided on the suction side of the suction device and connected to the suction-side connection pipe portion of the oil recovery suction port; a storage tank mounted on the hull and connected to the discharge side of the fluid suction device; and a lower portion of the storage tank a configuration having connected the drain pump to drain the water in the reservoir to the tare .
[0010]
Further, in the above configuration, at least the hull, the suction port holding means, the fluid suction device, the ship side connection pipe portion, the storage tank, and the drainage pump, and the dredger's hull, the suction port holding means, the fluid suction device, the ship side connection pipe portion, the storage tank, and An oil recovery ship using a drain pump is adopted.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 is a conceptual diagram for explaining an oil recovery ship according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view showing the oil recovery ship, FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the oil recovery ship, and FIG. 4 is for oil recovery. It is a principal part side view which shows the structure of the fluid suction apparatus vicinity with which the suction opening was mounted | worn.
In each figure, the oil recovery ship 1 is not limited in terms of capacity and size, but here, for example, a ship having a total tonnage of about 500 tons and a tonnage of about 1500 m ³ is applied.
[0012]
The oil recovery ship 1 is mainly composed of a hull 2 and an oil recovery device E. The oil recovery device E includes a storage tank 12 represented by cargo hold, a sand sorting machine 10 as a dust capturing device for sorting sand and seawater from shells and gravel, a chute 11 for guiding sand and seawater to the storage tank 12, and a storage tank. 12, a drainage pump 13 that drains seawater W in the storage tank 12, a sand collection hose 9 a, a sand collection pipe 9 b, a sand collection hose 9 c, and a sand collection hose 9 d, a fluid suction A winch 20 for winding the rope 21 attached in the vicinity of the device 8, a winch 22 for winding the rope 23 attached in the vicinity of the tip of the sand sampling pipe 9b, and a rope 25 attached in the vicinity of the rear end of the sand sampling pipe 9b It comprises a winch 24 to be taken and sand collection pipe holders 31, 32, 33 for placing and storing the sand collection pipe 9b when not in use.
[0013]
That is, the oil recovery ship 1 is composed of almost all the major components such as the hull 2, the winch 20, the rope 21, the fluid suction device 8, the ship side connection pipe portion 30, the connection pipe 9, the sand sorter 10, and the storage tank 12. As the drainage pump 13 and the drainage pipe 14, the components provided in the general-purpose dredger 1A (see FIG. 12) are used as they are.
[0014]
The connecting pipe 9 connects the fluid suction device 8 and the sand sorter 10. A bypass pipe 15 connected to the upper surface opening of the storage tank 12 is branched and connected to the sand collecting hose 9d in front of the sand sorter 10d. A switching valve 16 is provided in the sand sampling hose 9 d on the downstream side of the branch position, and a switching valve 17 is provided in the bypass pipe 15. The capacity of the storage tank 12 is about 1000 to 3000 m ³ here.
[0015]
The fluid suction device 8 is an electric submersible sand pump having a strong suction capacity of about 300 to 500 m ³ / hour, for example, and can suck fluids such as seawater, oil, sand and mud.
As shown in FIG. 4, the fluid suction device 8 is fixed to a pump holder 18, and a ship side connection pipe portion 30 made of a flange or the like is provided on the suction side. On the discharge side of the fluid suction device 8, a sand sampling hose 9a, a universal joint 19, and a steel pipe sand sampling tube 9b are sequentially connected.
The pump holder 18 is lifted by the winch 20 via a rope 21 that is hung around an upper pulley 35. Further, the sand sampling tube 9b in the vicinity of the universal joint 19 is lifted by the winch 22 through the rope 23 that is hung around the upper pulley 36.
[0016]
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the oil recovery suction port 3 is mainly composed of a fan-shaped case-like suction body 4 having a water intake opening 5 on the front surface. A water collecting hole 38 is formed in the rear lower portion of the suction body 4. The water collecting hole 38 is connected to the inlet side connecting pipe portion 6 through the connecting pipe 37. The suction-side connecting pipe portion 6 is constituted by a flange or the like that can be bolted, and is detachably connected to the ship-side connecting pipe portion 30 on the suction side of the fluid suction device 8.
[0017]
In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, the sand sorter 10 includes a casing 54 that is inclined downward toward the waste disposal basket 34, a basket body 55 that moors dust and oil balls in the casing 54, and the casing 54. A cover plate 56 that seals the front of the waste disposal basket 34, and a chute mouth portion 11a for feeding oil C and seawater W, which are connected to the casing 54 below the basket body 55 and passed through the basket body 55, into the storage tank 12. It is made up of. In addition, a sand sampling hose 9d is connected to the lower surface of the casing 54 on the opposite side of the waste disposal basket 34. The chute opening 11a may be connected to the entrance side of the chute 11 or may be directly connected to the upper opening of the storage tank 12.
In the sand sorter 10, when collecting oil, a gravel sorting wire mesh (not shown) is removed, and the passage to the waste disposal basket 34 is blocked by the cover plate 56. Further, when the oil ball is moored on the cage body 55 during the oil recovery operation, the oil ball is finely smashed with a hammer or the like and is put into the storage tank 12.
[0018]
The oil recovery operation by the oil recovery ship 1 will be described next.
First, the piping lineup is completed so that the switching valve 17 is closed and the switching valve 16 is opened and the bypass piping 15 can be used. Further, the fluid suction device 8 is held near the water surface H by driving the winches 20 and 22 (see FIG. 4). At this time, the oil collection suction port 3 is disposed so that the opening upper edge 5a of the water intake opening portion 5 rises from the water surface and the opening lower edge 5b is submerged. That is, the winches 20 and 22 and the ropes 21 and 23 are examples of the mouthpiece holding means of the present invention.
[0019]
Therefore, when the fluid suction device 8 is turned on and driven, the oil C on the water surface H is sucked together with the seawater W by the fluid suction device 8, and the sand sampling hoses 9a, 9c, 9d, the sand sampling pipe 9b, and the bypass pipe 15 and the like are introduced into the storage tank 12.
In the storage tank 12, the oil C and the seawater W are separated into upper and lower parts due to the difference in specific gravity. Then, the seawater W is dredged with the sand S (see FIG. 2) at the bottom of the storage tank 12 and then extracted by the drainage pump 13 and drained out of the ship through the drainage pipe 14 in the same manner as the dredger 1A.
[0020]
In addition, it can replace with the filter system by the said sand S for the storage tank 12, and it is also possible to employ | adopt the simple cascade tank system corresponding to light oil. In this simple cascade tank system, the upper oil layer is retained by a partition plate hollowly disposed in the storage tank 12, while the lower seawater is allowed to overflow from the subsequent dam plate after passing under the partition plate. It is a thing.
In addition, for the oil C accumulated in the storage tank 12, a transfer pump dedicated to oil may be provided on the ship side for the case where a land-side pump cannot be used for transferring recovered oil.
Further, since the dredger 1A is equipped with a grab bucket crane (not shown) for unloading, especially when processing oil C mixed with dust with high viscosity, the oil C in the oil fence or the like is directly grabbed with a grab. It can also be collected in the storage tank 12.
[0021]
That is, if the oil recovery inlet 3 according to this embodiment is used, a general-purpose dredger 1A can be diverted as the oil recovery ship 1 with almost no modification. By the way, since there are many dredgers all over Japan, it is possible to respond quickly to any oil spill accident anywhere in the country by providing oil recovery ports 3 throughout the country. For example, by calling out to a dredger 1A that is sailing nearby, and simply replacing the sand collection inlet 63 (see FIG. 12) with the oil collection inlet 3 at the nearest standing place, a large number of oil recovery ships 1 can be instantly used. Can be dispatched. Therefore, oil recovery can be performed with extremely high mobility.
[0022]
By the way, in order to efficiently suck in the oil C floating on the sea surface, it is necessary to follow the up and down movement of the wave as much as possible in the portion of the oil collecting suction port. As the structure for that purpose, the oil collection suction port of FIGS. 8 and 9 is illustrated.
First, as shown in FIG. 8, the oil recovery suction port 3a is made movable by the flexible joint 7, and the oil recovery suction port 3a can be swung up and down by a column 42 and a spring cylinder 43 fixed on the upper surface of the connecting pipe 37. The method to support is mentioned. That is, in addition to the winches 20 and 22 and the ropes 21 and 23, the configuration including the flexible joint 7, the support column 42, and the spring cylinder 43 is another example of the suction port holding means according to the present invention.
[0023]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 9, in order to further improve the followability to waves, by using a twin-bottle float 39 and a wave compensator 44, the oil recovery inlet 3b can be smoothly followed. It is done.
[0024]
The wave compensator 44 described above includes a rope 46 fastened to the oil recovery inlet 3b, a davit 45 that holds the rope 46 above the ship, and pulleys 47, 50, 51 that smoothly guide the rope 46. A piston body 49 that slides in the cylinder body 48 to move the rope 46 up and down, a winder 52 that winds the rope 46 to determine the initial height position of the oil collection suction port 3b, and a cylinder The accumulator 53 is connected to the body 48 and filled with nitrogen gas. According to the wave compensating device 44, the cylinder body 48 and the piston body 49 communicating with the accumulator 53 filled with nitrogen gas absorb the vertical movement caused by the waves, so that the oil recovery suction port 3b can be adjusted to the waves well. It has become.
[0025]
Here, an oil recovery inlet suitable for the oil recovery ship of FIG. 9 is shown in FIGS.
The oil recovery suction port 3b shown in FIG. 10 has two water collection holes 38, 38 at the rear part in the suction port body 4a, and twin-bottle floats 39, 39 are attached to both side surfaces of the suction body 4a. It has been. The floats 39 and 39 are connected and fixed at their rear portions by a support rod 40. The mouthpiece body 4 a is configured to be swingable up and down with respect to the connecting pipes 37, 37 through the swivel joint 41.
[0026]
As described above, the oil recovery suction port 3b is suspended and held by the wave compensator 44 while buoyancy is given to the oil recovery suction port 3b by the floats 39, 39, so that the oil recovery suction port 3b is further protected from the waves. It can be made to follow smoothly.
However, as shown in FIG. 11, an oil recovery suction port 3 c having a suction body 4 b having only one water collecting hole 38 may be used.
That is, in addition to the winches 20 and 22 and the ropes 21 and 23, a configuration including the float 39, the wave compensating device 44, and the swivel joint 41 is still another example of the suction mouth holding means according to the present invention.
[0027]
In the past, there was no oil recovery device that could recover oil offshore with a wave height of 1.5 m or more. However, the oil recovery device of the present invention is adapted to follow waves, so it is sufficient if the wave height is about 5 m. Oil recovery can be performed, and it can be said that it is a stormy weather type oil recovery device. Further, since this oil recovery device uses a fluid suction device that has a stronger suction force to suck up sand and the like, and can suck up even high viscosity oil, it can also be referred to as a high viscosity oil compatible oil recovery device.
[0028]
It should be noted that the rear ends of the oil fences are respectively attached to both ends of the water intake opening 5 in the oil collection inlets 3, 3 a, 3 b, 3 c described so far, and these oil fences are fan-shaped forward. If the front end portion of each oil fence is locked to the support arm that extends sideways from the hull so as to be spread out, the oil can be collected and collected from a wider range of water surfaces.
In addition, another oil storage barge is towed to the oil recovery ship, and the oil stored in the oil recovery ship's storage tank is transferred to the oil storage barge in a timely manner using an oil transfer pump, etc. Can be engaged.
The fluid suction device used in the present invention is not limited to the above-described electric drive type, and for example, a hydraulic drive type or the like can also be adopted. In addition, when the capacity of the existing fluid suction device is too large, a relatively small device having a capacity of, for example, about 50 m ³ / hour may be separately mounted on the hull, and oil may be recovered using this.
Of course, the oil recovery ship according to the present invention is not limited to a diversion of the dredger, but may be a new ship exclusively for oil recovery. In that case, an oil recovery suction port may be provided integrally on the suction side of the fluid suction device.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the oil recovery device according to the present invention, since the oil recovery suction is provided with a suction port-side connection pipe portion detachably connected to an external fluid suction device suction side, water, oil If it is a ship with a fluid suction device that can suck fluids such as sand, mud, and a storage tank that stores the sucked fluid, it can be easily installed as an attachment for oil recovery instead of the original fluid collection inlet be able to.
[0030]
Further, according to the oil recovery device of the present invention, the oil recovery suction port is connected to the suction side of the fluid suction device, and the suction port holding means connects the intake opening of the oil recovery suction port with the upper edge of the opening from the water surface. Since it floats and the lower edge of the opening is held at a position where it is submerged, the oil drifting on the water surface can be reliably recovered to the hull.
[0031]
And since most of the components other than the suction port are diverted from dredgers, in the event of an oil spill, etc., simply replace the suction port for sand collection with the suction port for oil recovery, and the oil recovery vessel will immediately Can be dispatched as Therefore, oil can be recovered with extremely high mobility.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram for explaining an oil recovery ship according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view showing an oil recovery ship.
FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an oil recovery ship.
FIG. 4 is a side view of an essential part showing a configuration in the vicinity of a fluid suction device equipped with an oil recovery suction port according to this embodiment.
FIG. 5 is an external view showing a suction port for oil recovery.
FIG. 6 is a partial plan view showing an oil recovery suction port.
FIG. 7 is an external view showing a sand sorter.
FIG. 8 is a side view of an essential part showing a configuration in the vicinity of a fluid suction device equipped with an oil recovery suction port according to another embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a side view of an essential part showing a configuration in the vicinity of a fluid suction device equipped with an oil recovery suction port according to still another embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a partial plan view showing another example of the oil recovery suction port.
FIG. 11 is a partial plan view showing still another example of the oil collecting suction port.
FIG. 12 is a schematic side view showing a general-purpose dredger.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Oil recovery ship 1A Dredger 2 Hull 3,3a, 3b, 3c Oil recovery inlet 4,4a, 4b Inlet body 5 Intake opening 5a Opening upper edge 5b Opening lower edge 6 Inlet side connection pipe part 7 Flexible joint 8 Fluid suction Device 9 Connection pipe 12 Storage tank 13 Drain pump 14 Drain pipes 20, 22 Winch 21, 23 Rope 30 Ship side connection pipe 39 Float 41 Swivel joint 42 Strut 43 Spring cylinder 44 Wave compensation device C Oil E Oil recovery device W Seawater H Water surface

Claims (2)

A housing-shaped suction mouth body, a water intake opening provided on the front surface of the suction mouth body, the upper edge of the opening floats from the water surface, and the lower edge of the opening is disposed at a position where it is submerged, and the rear of the suction mouth body. The suction port for oil recovery is configured to include a suction-side connection pipe portion that is detachably connected to the suction side of an external fluid suction device , and further, the intake opening of the suction port for oil recovery is connected to the upper edge of the opening from the water surface. The suction port holding means that floats and holds the lower edge of the opening in a submerged position, the fluid suction device that sucks the fluid outside the ship, and the suction side connection of the suction port for oil recovery provided on the suction side of the fluid suction device A ship-side connecting pipe connected to the pipe, a storage tank mounted on the hull and connected to the discharge side of the fluid suction device, and a drainage pump connected to the lower part of the storage tank and draining the water in the storage tank An oil recovery apparatus characterized by comprising: At least the hull, the suction port holding means, the fluid suction device, the ship side connection pipe part, the storage tank, and the drainage pump according to claim 1 , wherein the hull, the suction port holding means, the fluid suction device, the ship side connection pipe part, the storage tank, And oil recovery ship using drainage pump.

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