JP3902811B2 - Pantograph boat support structure - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a structure for supporting a collecting plate in a pantograph for a railway vehicle with a hull, and in particular, a pantograph hull plate support structure in the case of using a wing profile for reducing noise as a hull. About.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a pantograph has been widely used as a device for collecting electricity from an overhead line installed above a vehicle. FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 show a simplified configuration for collecting a rhombus pantograph. The sliding plate 1 that slides directly on the overhead wire and collects current is detachably attached to the hull. The boat body 2 is divided into two parts that can be angularly displaced about the axis 4 at the top of the pantograph frame 3. Each divided part is spring-biased from below by the lateral spring 5. Further, a vertical spring 6 is provided between the upper portion of the frame 3 and each boat body 2. The sliding plate 1 is provided on the upper surface of the boat body 2 via bolts 7. The upper surface of the slidable plate 1 needs to be in contact with the overhead wire to maintain an energized state. Variations in the relative height of the overhead wire as the vehicle travels are absorbed by the springs 5 and 6 so that the upper surface of the sliding plate 1 can maintain good contact with the overhead wire.
[0003]
The sliding plate 1 performs a current collecting action while always in contact with the overhead wire. It is inevitable that the overhead wire and the sliding plate 1 are worn by such sliding. Since it is necessary to construct the overhead line along a railroad track for a long distance, it is necessary to avoid wear and tear as much as possible. For this reason, it is necessary that the sliding plate 1 side takes on as much wear as possible and can be easily replaced after wear. As a prior art for fixing the sliding plate and the boat body with screws, there is also a configuration disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-86405. In this prior art, a boat body is formed of a high-strength material made of fiber reinforced plastic, an internal screw is formed on a current collecting ground plate, and is directly fixed with bolts from the boat body side.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional pantograph, as described above, a sliding plate is directly attached to the hull, and fluctuations in the relative height of the overhead line as the vehicle travels are deformed and absorbed by the hull side.
[0005]
However, in pantographs for high-speed vehicles represented by the Shinkansen, it has become difficult to meet environmental standards for noise as the vehicle speed increases, and it is possible to reduce noise by using the hull as a wing shape. It is being considered. This is because the airfoil is streamlined so that the flow is hardly disturbed even with a high-speed air flow, and the level of generated noise can be reduced. However, along with the wing shape, lift force that pushes up the boat body is likely to occur, and the pressing force between the sliding plate and the overhead wire is likely to increase. When the pressing force between the overhead wire and the sliding plate increases more than necessary, the wear on the sliding surface becomes severe, and not only the life of the sliding plate and the overhead wire is shortened, but also there is a risk of cutting the overhead wire.
[0006]
In order to maintain the pressing force between the sliding plate and the overhead wire within an appropriate range even when lift is generated from the wing-shaped cross-section, it is conceivable to change the angle of attack of the hull. When the angle of attack of the hull is changed, the angle of the sliding plate fixed to the upper surface of the hull also changes, and there is a possibility that the contact between the sliding plate and the overhead line can be made only at “points”. With local contact, the current density increases and heat is generated, and the possibility of damage to the sliding plate and overhead wire due to sparks increases. In addition, local wear progresses, leading to a shortened life of the sliding plate and the overhead wire. Although it is conceivable to change the posture in the pitching direction of the sliding plate around the center of the sliding plate so that the overhead wire and line contact are possible, if the wing profile of the entire hull including the sliding plate is changed, Since the lift characteristics of the hull change due to the profile change, the lift adjusted by changing the angle of attack tends to return to the original value again.
[0007]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a pantograph hull sliding plate support structure capable of keeping a sliding plate in line contact with an overhead line without affecting the lift adjusted by changing the angle of attack of the hull. There is to do.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is a structure for supporting a current collecting sliding plate on a boat body having an airfoil cross section and an angle of attack variably supported.
A pair of support means consisting of spherical bearings that support the sliding plate in the vicinity of both ends in the longitudinal direction and the rear edge side in the vicinity of both ends in the longitudinal direction of the hull so as to be swingable back and forth and left and right;
The leading edge side than the supporting means of the sliding plate, a sliding plate support structure of the pantograph collector head, characterized in that it comprises spring means for spring-biased upwardly.
The lift and lift characteristics of a hull with an airfoil section are mainly affected by the ratio of camber amount to chord and angle of attack.
According to the present invention, when adjusting the lift by changing the angle of attack of the hull of the airfoil cross section, the sliding board follows the overhead line and remains almost horizontal. Pitching direction relative displacement between the hull and the sliding plate is possible while maintaining the maximum value of the camber including the hull with respect to the change in angle of attack, so even if the sliding plate is displaced in the pitching direction. It is possible to obtain a sliding plate support method that is less affected by the lift characteristics of the sliding plate and obtains a predetermined lifting force according to the change in the angle of attack, and swings the sliding plate near the both ends in the width direction of the sliding plate and back and forth, left and right. It is movably supported by a pair of support means.
Spring means for urging upward is provided on the front edge side of the sliding plate.
The sliding plate is supported so as to be swingable back and forth and right and left at the rear end sides in the width direction, and is configured so that the central portion is flexible. It is possible to follow up and down fluctuations and pitching fluctuations. The spring means can improve the followability of the sliding plate. Since the support point of the sliding plate is near the trailing edge, even if the leading edge moves up and down by the spring means, the change in the overall airfoil shape near the trailing edge is small and affects the lift as the sliding plate. The change in the vicinity of the maximum value of the camber can be reduced, and the fluctuation of the pressing force due to the change in the attack angle can be suppressed while maintaining the line contact state between the overhead wire and the sliding plate.
[0009]
In addition, since the support means is provided with a spherical bearing, the followability of the sliding plate to the overhead wire can be improved, and a reliable current collecting action with the overhead wire can be realized.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional configuration of an embodiment of the present invention. The sliding plate 11 is supported on the boat body 12 and forms a wing profile as a whole of the current collecting boat with respect to the blowing direction 13 as wind received as the vehicle travels, thereby reducing noise. The sliding plate 11 is housed in a groove 14 provided above the hull 12, protrudes from the upper surface of the hull 12 between the front edge 15 and the rear edge 16, and is a central portion of the upper surface of the airfoil profile as a whole. Configure. A spring 17 is provided on the front edge 15 side, and a spherical plain bearing 18 is provided on the rear edge 16 side. The spherical bearing 18 of the sliding plate 11 is installed so as to support the sliding plate 11 so that it can swing back and forth and right and left in the longitudinal direction of the boat body 12 near both ends of the sliding plate 11 and on the rear end side. In the vicinity of the spherical bearing 18, that is, in the vicinity of the longitudinal end of the boat body 12, the sliding plate 11 is constrained in the vertical direction, giving flexibility to the sliding plate 11 and flexibility in the pitching direction. Therefore, local rolling deformation is performed. Therefore, in the vicinity of the spherical bearing 18, the sliding plate 11 can be largely displaced on the front edge 15 side as compared with the rear edge 16 side as indicated by a two-dot chain line. On the trailing edge 16 side, the change in the distance between the upper and lower surfaces of the airfoil profile as a whole is small, so the maximum amount of camber, which is the distance between its centerline and the chord between the leading and trailing edges of the wing. There is little change in the vicinity. Since the change of the camber which affects the lift is small, the influence of the displacement of the sliding plate 11 on the lift of the current collector boat as a whole is small.
[0011]
About width Direction of sliding plate 11, than the elastic by vertical flexibility, since the smaller the spring constant of the spring 17 is vertically pushed up, the longitudinal center portion of the collector head 12 Even in the vicinity, displacement is applied up and down due to the flexibility of the sliding plate 11, but due to the influence of the end in the longitudinal direction, the front edge 15 side is largely displaced compared to the rear edge 16 side, and the sliding plate 11 Similar to the result considered at the longitudinal end of the hull, the amount of change in the vicinity of the maximum value of the camber is reduced, and thus the amount of change in the lift characteristic can be reduced.
[0012]
2 and 3 show a plan view and a front view of the current collector boat as a whole. The pair of spherical bearings 18 are provided near both ends in the longitudinal direction on the trailing edge 16 side of the sliding plate 11. The spring 17 is provided near the center of the front edge 15 of the sliding plate 11. At both ends in the width direction of the hull 12, horns 19 are provided for guiding when moving to another overhead line.
[0013]
FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional structure near the center of FIG. Since the sliding plate 11 is flexible and is supported by spherical bearings 18 in the vicinity of both ends in the longitudinal direction, the center portion can be bent as shown by a two-dot chain line to improve followability to the overhead wire. it can.
[0014]
FIG. 5 shows a configuration of the pantograph provided with the boat body 11 according to the present embodiment as viewed from the front. The hull 11 is supported by a pair of poles 20 provided at an interval, and is configured in a “π” shape as a whole. A rocking shaft 21 is provided on the base end side of the pole 20, and the pole 20 can be rocked and displaced about the rocking shaft 21. The swing shaft 21 is supported by a base frame 22 fixed to the roof of the railway vehicle via a lever.
[0015]
FIG. 6 shows a basic configuration of an example of the spherical bearing 18 that can be used in the present embodiment. The inner race 31 can be freely rotationally displaced with respect to the outer race 32. The inner race 31 is fixed to the sliding plate via the shaft 30, and the outer race 32 is fixed to the boat body 12. It is preferable that the shaft 30 and the sliding plate are fixed to each other through screws or the like so that the worn sliding plate can be easily replaced.
[0016]
FIG. 7 shows a state where the pantograph shown in FIG. 5 is viewed from the right side. A support device 40 that maintains the posture of the boat body 12 is provided between the tip of the pole 20 and the boat body 12. The support device 40 is pin-coupled to the tip of the pole 20 by a support shaft 41. In the frame 22 and the frame cover 23, the base end of the pole 20 is oscillated and displaced about the oscillating shaft 21 to which the pin is coupled, and the boat body 12 is raised or lowered by changing the inclination angle θ1. The lifting device 42 is accommodated.
[0017]
When the overhead line height changes, the height of the boat body 12 changes accordingly. At this time, even if the lift force and drag force generated in the hull 12 are constant, when the inclination angle θ1 changes, the contribution to the rotational moment about the swing shaft 21 changes, and the pressing force against the overhead line changes. In order to make the pressing force constant, the auxiliary link 43 is used to change the posture of the support device 40 and adjust the angle of attack of the hull 11. The pole 20 is formed hollow and accommodates the auxiliary link 43 therein. The upper end side of the auxiliary link 43 is pin-coupled by a joint point 44 near the upper end of the support device 40. The lower end side of the auxiliary link 43 is pin-coupled by the joint point 45 at the end of the arm 46 fixed to the frame 22. A portion between the swing shaft 21, the support shaft 41, and the joint points 44 and 45 forms a non-parallelogram link. When the working height H, which is the height of the upper surface of the sliding plate 11 from the rail surface 47, is increased by ΔH1, the angle of attack of the hull 12 is increased by α1, and the working height H When Δ is reduced by ΔH2, it is possible for the angle of attack to be reduced by α2.
[0018]
FIG. 8 shows an airfoil profile having a cross-sectional shape in which the sliding plate 11 and the boat body 12 of the embodiment of FIG. 1 are combined. The airfoil profile is configured such that the length between the airfoil leading edge 51 and the airfoil trailing edge 52 is x0, and the length of the portion where the airfoil upper surface 53 is symmetrical near the center is x1. The length of the portion where the airfoil lower surface 54 is symmetric is a range in which x3 is added in front of the length x2 of the portion where the airfoil upper surface 53 is the highest near the center, and x4 is added behind. The airfoil leading edge 51 is above the airfoil lower surface 54 by y1 and is on the circumference of the radius r1. The airfoil trailing edge 52 is on the circumference of the radius r2, and in the vicinity thereof, the airfoil lower end 55 is located at a position where the airfoil lower surface 54 is lowered downward from the extension of the airfoil lower surface 54 by the amount A. Take shape. The maximum amount of camber, which is the height from the chord 57 connecting the airfoil leading edge 51 and the airfoil trailing edge 52 with respect to the blade thickness center line 56, is y2.
[0019]
In the above embodiment, the sliding plate support structure by the π-type pantograph boat is shown, but the present invention can be similarly applied to other pantograph shapes such as a Z shape and a diamond shape. .
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the leading edge side of the sliding plate is spring-biased upward by the spring means, and the trailing edge side of the sliding plate is supported by the pair of supporting means composed of spherical bearings near both ends in the longitudinal direction. Even if the angle of attack of the hull with a cross-sectional shape as an airfoil profile is changed and the lift generated in the hull is adjusted, the sliding plate maintains good line contact with the overhead wire, and between the overhead wire The pressing force change can also be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the embodiment of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a front view of the embodiment of FIG.
FIG. 4 is a partial front cross-sectional view of the embodiment of FIG.
FIG. 5 is a front view of a π-type pantograph using the boat body of the embodiment of FIG.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view partially showing a principle configuration of an example of a spherical bearing used in the embodiment of FIG. 1;
7 is a right side view of the π-type pantograph shown in FIG.
FIG. 8 is an airfoil profile diagram in which the sliding plate and the hull of the embodiment of FIG. 1 are integrated.
FIG. 9 is a simplified right side view of a conventional hull.
10 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state in which a sliding plate is attached to the boat body of FIG. 9. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
11 Sliding plate 12 Ship body 14 Groove 15 Sliding plate leading edge 16 Sliding plate trailing edge 17 Spring 18 Spherical bearing 20 Pole 21 Swing shaft 30 Shaft 31 Inner race 32 Outer race 40 Support device 41 Support shaft 42 Lifting device 43 Auxiliary link 44, 45 joint points

Claims (1)

A structure that has a wing-shaped cross section and supports a current collecting slip plate on a hull whose angle of attack is variably supported,
A pair of support means consisting of spherical bearings that support the sliding plate in the vicinity of both ends in the longitudinal direction and the rear edge side in the vicinity of both ends in the longitudinal direction of the hull so as to be swingable back and forth and left and right;
Sliding plate support structure of the pantograph collector head, characterized in that it comprises an edge before said support means of said sliding plate, and a spring means for spring-biased upwardly.

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