JP3902062B2 - Input / output structure of dielectric waveguide - Google Patents

Input / output structure of dielectric waveguide Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3902062B2
JP3902062B2 JP2002126462A JP2002126462A JP3902062B2 JP 3902062 B2 JP3902062 B2 JP 3902062B2 JP 2002126462 A JP2002126462 A JP 2002126462A JP 2002126462 A JP2002126462 A JP 2002126462A JP 3902062 B2 JP3902062 B2 JP 3902062B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
dielectric
conductor
printed wiring
wiring board
input
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP2002126462A
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JP2003318614A (en
Inventor
米山  務
和久 佐野
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Toko Inc
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Toko Inc
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は誘電体導波管の入出力構造に係るもので、プリント配線基板上に実装して外部回路と接続するための構造に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、マイクロ波帯やミリ波帯において低損失の伝送線路として空洞導波管が主として利用されているが、重量があり、大型となるために小型の機器には利用し難いという問題がある。
【0003】
そこで、誘電体材料の表面に導体膜を形成した誘電体導波管で伝送線路を構成することが考えられている。誘電体を用いることによる電磁波の短縮効果があり、肉厚の金属壁が必要ないということから、導波管を小型軽量化できるという長所を有している。誘電体導波管は通常用いられるプリント配線基板に搭載できるので、高周波の小型電子回路で有用な共振器、フィルタその他の伝送線路として活用できる可能性がある。
【0004】
しかし、プリント配線基板に用いられているマイクロストリップ線路と誘電体導波管の線路とでは伝送される電磁波のモードが異なる。そのため、誘電体導波管をプリント配線基板のマイクロストリップ線路に搭載して利用するためには、マイクロストリップ線路から誘電体導波管線路へのモード変換構造が必要となる。このモード変換構造は、単純な構造で広い周波数帯域を有するものが望ましいが、これまでそのような変換構造は実現されておらず、実用化の上で大きな障害となっている。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は誘電体導波管をプリント配線基板上に搭載可能とし、簡単な構造で広い帯域にわたって変換を可能とする、誘電体導波管入出力構造を提供するものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、プリント配線基板上にマイクロストリップ線路あるいは共面線路を形成し、誘電体導波管側にも同様な線路を形成することによって、上記の課題を解決するものである。
【0007】
すなわち、誘電体の表面に導体膜を被覆した誘電体導波管を周辺回路と接続するための入出力構造において、入出力端において誘電体の底面の導体膜の一部が除去され、プリント配線板に形成されたマイクロストリップ線路または共面線路とその誘電体の底面の導体膜とを接続するストリップ導体が、プリント配線板の表面とその誘電体の当該底面の少なくとも一方に形成され、そのストリップ導体の両側にプリント配線板の裏面の導体膜とその誘電体の側面の導体膜とを接続する導体が形成されたことに特徴を有するものである。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
誘電体導波管の入出力段の底面に、実装するプリント配線基板に設けられた信号線と同様なマイクロストリップ線路状、または共面線路状の電極パターンを形成し、この線路パターンが誘電体導波管の底面で終端される形となる。これをプリント配線基板の信号線と接続できるようにし、プリント配線基板からの信号が誘電体導波管内部の伝送モードと結合するようにする。
【0009】
変換部のプリント配線基板の側面には導体膜を設ける。あるいは、変換部の基板内に誘電体導波管の幅と同程度の幅で導体を充填したスルーホールを直線的に並べることで導体壁の代用とすることができる。
【0010】
変換部の理想的な長さは、変換部を伝播する2つのモードの位相定数β1、β2から次の式で計算される。変換部の長さ(L)をこれに近付けたときに最も反射が少なくなり広帯域な変換特性が得られる。
L=π/(β1−β2
【0011】
【実施例】
以下、図面を参照して、本発明の実施例について説明する。図1は本発明の実施例を示す斜視図であり、入出力の一端側のみを示したものである。誘電体導波管は直方体の誘電体11とその表面に形成された導体膜からなる。入出力部にはストリップ線路13が端面に向って形成されており、その両側の部分14は導体膜が形成されずに誘電体が露出している。
【0012】
プリント配線基板15には図示しない裏面の導体膜とそれに対向するストリップ状の導体17からなるマイクロストリップ線路が形成されている。このプリント配線基板15上のマイクロストリップ線路が誘電体導波管の底面で終端される構成となっている。この構造では、基本的にはマイクロストリップ線路の上に底面の導体膜の一部を除去した誘電体導波管を搭載するだけで接続ができることになる。なお、プリント配線基板15の変換部分の端面には導体膜19を形成して、この部分からの電磁波の漏れを防ぐ必要がある。
【0013】
図2は、本発明の他の実施例を示す斜視図で、誘電体導波管21をプリント配線基板25に搭載することは同じであるが、プリント配線基板25の内部に導体29を形成したものである。実際に図2の構造を実現することは難しいので、図3に示したように、プリント配線基板35に形成したスルーホールに導体39を充填した構造とすることもできる。
【0014】
プリント配線基板の比誘電率を2.2、誘電体導波管の誘電体材料の比誘電率を4.5として、誘電体導波管の断面寸法を幅4mm、高さ2.5mm、プリント配線基板の厚みを0.381mmとしたときの変換部を伝播するモードを図4に示した。図4に示したような電界分布を有する2つのモードが存在し、この2つの伝播モードの位相定数を計算すると図5に示したようになる。
【0015】
設計周波数を26GHzとしたとき、第1の伝播モードの位相定数は980(rad/m)、第2の伝播モードの位相定数は727(rad/m)なので、最適な変換部の長さは
L=π/(980−727)=12.4(mm)
と計算される。
【0016】
比誘電率4.5の誘電体材料で上記サイズで全長36mmの誘電体導波管の両端に長さ12mmの変換部を配置した、図6のような測定サンプルを試作して、測定したところ図7に示した特性が得られた。この実測特性は23GHzから30GHzまでの広い周波数帯でリターンロスが15Db以上になっている。また設計周波数である26GHzにおける挿入損失は僅か0.3dBという結果が得られた。
【0017】
なお、本発明は上記の誘電体導波管だけでなく、広く導波管型の誘電体フィルタや共振器の入出力構造として利用することができる。また、共面線路でも同様に接続することができる。
【0018】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、プリント配線基板上の信号線路が延長されて連続した形状の導体誘電体導波管の入出力段内部にはいり込んで終端しているため、誘電体の底面にマイクロストリップと同様のモードの電流が流れる。変換部にはマイクロストリップ線路と類似の電磁波のモードと誘電体導波管と類似の電磁波のモードが同時に混在し、この2つのモードの間でエネルギーの変換が行われる。前記の計算式で決定される長さにおいて、マイクロストリップ線路のエネルギーが全て導波管型誘電体フィルタなどとなる誘電体導波管内のエネルギーに変換される。
【0019】
本発明の構造を採用すれば、誘電体導波管の変換部の信号線がプリント配線基板の信号線と同じ平面にあるので、連続性が保たれ、不連続部によって生じる高周波信号の反射を抑圧することができる。
【0020】
更に、誘電体導波管には特別な機械加工の必要がなく、導体膜を形成するだけで済む、広帯域のモード変換が可能な入出力構造が得られる。誘電体導波管をプリント配線基板に搭載することが可能となり、通信用電子機器の小型か、軽量化の効果も大きい。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明の実施例を示す斜視図
【図2】 本発明の他の実施例を示す斜視図
【図3】 本発明の他の実施例を示す斜視図
【図4】 本発明による誘電体導波管の入出力構造の電界分布を示す説明図
【図5】 本発明による誘電体導波管の位相定数を示す説明図
【図6】 本発明の他の実施例を示す斜視図
【図7】 本発明による誘電体導波管の特性の説明図
【符号の説明】
11、21:誘電体導波管
15、25、35:プリント配線基板
19、29、39:導体
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an input / output structure of a dielectric waveguide, and relates to a structure for mounting on a printed wiring board and connecting to an external circuit.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a hollow waveguide is mainly used as a low-loss transmission line in the microwave band and the millimeter wave band, but there is a problem that it is heavy and is difficult to use for a small device because of its large size.
[0003]
Therefore, it is considered that a transmission line is constituted by a dielectric waveguide in which a conductor film is formed on the surface of a dielectric material. The use of a dielectric material has an effect of shortening the electromagnetic wave, and a thick metal wall is not required, so that the waveguide can be reduced in size and weight. Since the dielectric waveguide can be mounted on a commonly used printed circuit board, it may be used as a resonator, filter, or other transmission line useful in high-frequency small electronic circuits.
[0004]
However, the mode of electromagnetic waves transmitted differs between the microstrip line used for the printed wiring board and the dielectric waveguide line. Therefore, in order to mount and use the dielectric waveguide on the microstrip line of the printed wiring board, a mode conversion structure from the microstrip line to the dielectric waveguide line is required. The mode conversion structure is preferably a simple structure and has a wide frequency band, but such a conversion structure has not been realized so far, which is a major obstacle to practical use.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention provides a dielectric waveguide input / output structure that allows a dielectric waveguide to be mounted on a printed wiring board and allows conversion over a wide band with a simple structure.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems by forming a microstrip line or a coplanar line on a printed wiring board and forming a similar line on the dielectric waveguide side.
[0007]
That is, in the input / output structure for connecting the dielectric waveguide whose surface is covered with the conductor film to the peripheral circuit, a part of the conductor film on the bottom surface of the dielectric is removed at the input / output end, and the printed wiring A strip conductor that connects a microstrip line or coplanar line formed on the board and a conductor film on the bottom surface of the dielectric is formed on at least one of the surface of the printed wiring board and the bottom surface of the dielectric, and the strip The present invention is characterized in that a conductor connecting the conductor film on the back surface of the printed wiring board and the conductor film on the side surface of the dielectric is formed on both sides of the conductor.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A microstrip line-like or coplanar line-like electrode pattern similar to the signal line provided on the printed wiring board to be mounted is formed on the bottom surface of the input / output stage of the dielectric waveguide. The shape is terminated at the bottom of the waveguide. This can be connected to the signal line of the printed circuit board, and the signal from the printed circuit board is coupled with the transmission mode inside the dielectric waveguide.
[0009]
A conductor film is provided on the side surface of the printed wiring board of the conversion unit. Alternatively, a conductor wall can be substituted by linearly arranging through holes filled with a conductor having a width approximately the same as the width of the dielectric waveguide in the substrate of the conversion unit.
[0010]
The ideal length of the conversion unit is calculated from the phase constants β 1 and β 2 of the two modes propagating through the conversion unit according to the following equation. When the length (L) of the conversion unit is brought close to this, the reflection is minimized and a broadband conversion characteristic is obtained.
L = π / (β 1 −β 2 )
[0011]
【Example】
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and shows only one end side of input / output. The dielectric waveguide is composed of a rectangular parallelepiped dielectric 11 and a conductor film formed on the surface thereof. A strip line 13 is formed at the input / output portion toward the end face, and a dielectric film is exposed at portions 14 on both sides of the strip line 13 without forming a conductor film.
[0012]
The printed wiring board 15 is formed with a microstrip line composed of a conductor film on the back surface (not shown) and a strip-shaped conductor 17 facing it. The microstrip line on the printed wiring board 15 is terminated at the bottom surface of the dielectric waveguide. In this structure, basically, a connection can be made simply by mounting a dielectric waveguide from which a part of the conductor film on the bottom surface is removed on the microstrip line. It is necessary to form a conductor film 19 on the end face of the conversion part of the printed wiring board 15 to prevent leakage of electromagnetic waves from this part.
[0013]
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the present invention, and it is the same that the dielectric waveguide 21 is mounted on the printed wiring board 25, but a conductor 29 is formed inside the printed wiring board 25. FIG. Is. Since it is difficult to actually realize the structure of FIG. 2, a structure in which the conductor 39 is filled in the through hole formed in the printed wiring board 35 as shown in FIG.
[0014]
The relative dielectric constant of the printed wiring board is 2.2, the relative dielectric constant of the dielectric material of the dielectric waveguide is 4.5, the cross-sectional dimensions of the dielectric waveguide are 4mm wide, 2.5mm high, and the printed wiring board thickness is FIG. 4 shows a mode for propagating through the conversion portion when the thickness is 0.381 mm. There are two modes having an electric field distribution as shown in FIG. 4, and the phase constants of these two propagation modes are calculated as shown in FIG.
[0015]
When the design frequency is 26 GHz, the phase constant of the first propagation mode is 980 (rad / m), and the phase constant of the second propagation mode is 727 (rad / m). = Π / (980−727) = 12.4 (mm)
Is calculated.
[0016]
A prototype of a measurement sample as shown in FIG. 6 in which a conversion material having a length of 12 mm is arranged at both ends of a dielectric waveguide having a dielectric constant of 4.5 and a total length of 36 mm and having the above-mentioned size is measured. The characteristics shown in Fig. 1 were obtained. This measured characteristic has a return loss of 15 Db or more in a wide frequency band from 23 GHz to 30 GHz. The insertion loss at the design frequency of 26 GHz was only 0.3 dB.
[0017]
The present invention can be used not only as the above-mentioned dielectric waveguide but also as an input / output structure of a waveguide-type dielectric filter or resonator. A coplanar line can be similarly connected.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, since the signal line on the printed circuit board is extended and terminated inside the input / output stage of the conductor dielectric waveguide having a continuous shape, the microstrip is formed on the bottom surface of the dielectric. A current of the same mode flows. In the conversion unit, an electromagnetic wave mode similar to the microstrip line and an electromagnetic wave mode similar to the dielectric waveguide are simultaneously mixed, and energy conversion is performed between the two modes. All the energy of the microstrip line is converted into energy in a dielectric waveguide that becomes a waveguide-type dielectric filter or the like with the length determined by the above calculation formula.
[0019]
If the structure of the present invention is adopted, the signal line of the conversion part of the dielectric waveguide is in the same plane as the signal line of the printed circuit board, so that the continuity is maintained and the reflection of the high frequency signal caused by the discontinuous part is prevented. Can be suppressed.
[0020]
Furthermore, the dielectric waveguide does not require special machining, and an input / output structure capable of broadband mode conversion that only requires the formation of a conductor film can be obtained. The dielectric waveguide can be mounted on the printed wiring board, and the effect of reducing the size or weight of the communication electronic device is great.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing the electric field distribution of the input / output structure of the dielectric waveguide. FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing the phase constant of the dielectric waveguide according to the invention. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the invention. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of characteristics of a dielectric waveguide according to the present invention.
11, 21: Dielectric waveguide
15, 25, 35: Printed circuit board
19, 29, 39: conductor

Claims (3)

誘電体の表面に導体膜を被覆した誘電体導波管を周辺回路と接続するための入出力構造において、
入出力端において誘電体の底面の導体膜の一部が除去され、
プリント配線板に形成されたマイクロストリップ線路とその誘電体の底面の導体膜とを接続する一直線に伸びるストリップ導体が、プリント配線板と導体膜が除去された部分の誘電体の底面の少なくとも一方に形成され、
そのストリップ導体の両側の位置にプリント配線板の裏面の導体膜を表面に引き出す導体が形成され、その導体によってプリント配線板の裏面の導体膜とその誘電体の側面の導体膜とが接続されたことを特徴とする誘電体導波管の入出力構造。
In the input / output structure for connecting the dielectric waveguide with the conductor film coated on the dielectric surface to the peripheral circuit,
Part of the conductor film on the bottom surface of the dielectric is removed at the input and output ends,
A strip conductor extending in a straight line connecting the microstrip line formed on the printed wiring board and the conductor film on the bottom surface of the dielectric is formed on at least one of the bottom surface of the dielectric in the portion where the printed wiring board and the conductor film are removed. Formed,
A conductor that pulls out the conductor film on the back surface of the printed wiring board to the front surface was formed at both sides of the strip conductor, and the conductor film on the back surface of the printed wiring board and the conductor film on the side surface of the dielectric were connected by the conductor. An input / output structure of a dielectric waveguide.
誘電体の表面に導体膜を被覆した誘電体導波管を周辺回路と接続するための入出力構造において、
入出力端において誘電体の底面の導体膜の一部が除去され、
プリント配線板に形成された共面線路とその誘電体の底面の導体膜とを接続する一直線に伸びるストリップ導体が、プリント配線板と導体膜が除去された部分の誘電体の底面の少なくとも一方に形成され、
そのストリップ導体の両側の位置にプリント配線板の表裏面の導体膜を接続する導体が形成され、その導体によってプリント配線板の裏面の導体膜とその誘電体の側面の導体膜とが接続されたことを特徴とする誘電体導波管の入出力構造。
In the input / output structure for connecting the dielectric waveguide with the conductor film coated on the dielectric surface to the peripheral circuit,
Part of the conductor film on the bottom surface of the dielectric is removed at the input and output ends,
A strip conductor extending in a straight line connecting the coplanar line formed on the printed wiring board and the conductor film on the bottom surface of the dielectric is formed on at least one of the bottom surface of the dielectric in the portion where the printed wiring board and the conductor film are removed. Formed,
Conductors connecting the conductor films on the front and back surfaces of the printed wiring board were formed at positions on both sides of the strip conductor, and the conductor films on the back surface of the printed wiring board and the conductor films on the side surfaces of the dielectric were connected by the conductors. An input / output structure of a dielectric waveguide.
誘電体導波管を外部回路と接続するための入出力構造において、
上記表裏面を接続する導体がプリント配線板に形成されたスルーホールに充填された導体である請求項1または請求項2記載の誘電体導波管の入出力構造。
In the input / output structure for connecting the dielectric waveguide to an external circuit,
3. The dielectric waveguide input / output structure according to claim 1, wherein the conductor connecting the front and back surfaces is a conductor filled in a through hole formed in a printed wiring board.
JP2002126462A 2002-04-26 2002-04-26 Input / output structure of dielectric waveguide Expired - Fee Related JP3902062B2 (en)

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