JP3898005B2 - Fire-resistant outside insulation exterior wall finishing method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for finishing an outer wall of an outer heat insulation using a non-combustible heat insulating material, and more specifically, a fire-resistant outer heat insulating outer wall finish capable of providing an inexpensive, fire-resistant and weather-resistant outer wall with simplified complicated processes. It relates to the construction method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
There are two types of heat insulation for buildings: the inner heat insulation method and the outer heat insulation method. Especially for concrete buildings, the outer heat insulation is better than the inner heat insulation in terms of hygiene, protection of the building frame, longer life, and energy saving. Recently, external insulation is becoming the mainstream, but the building standards law states that the materials used on the outer walls of buildings in fire-prevention areas under the City Planning Act are non-flammable or fire-resistant. It is requested.
In FIG. 2, sectional drawing of the outer wall by the conventional outer heat insulation construction method is shown.
[0003]
Conventionally, the non-flammable and fire-resistant heat insulating material 5 includes glass fiber type, rock wool type, and foamed glass, and these are used for external heat insulation. In this case, first, the necessary number of supporting hardware 6 and supporting bolts 4 that can withstand the thickness of the heat insulating material 5 and the size of the ventilation layer 7 and the weight of the finishing base 8 and the finishing material 3 are attached to the outer surface of the outer wall 1 of the building frame. . That is, the heat insulating material 5 is attached to the outer wall surface with the support bolt 4 penetrating, and then a support metal pier 6 or the like (channel 6) is attached to the support bolt 4, and the ventilation layer 7 is attached to the pier. Install and attach the finishing panel 8. Alternatively, if tile finishing is used, the dry tile panel 8 finished with the tile 3 is attached. When foamed glass is used for the heat insulating material 5 in conjunction with the above method, the heat insulating material 5 is pasted on the outer wall surface with the support bolt 4 penetrating, and a wire mesh or a glass mesh is fastened or welded to the bolt. In some cases, the tile 3 or the like is finished after the mortar is applied to form a panel-like finish base 8 that does not place a load on the heat insulating material.
[0004]
Tile and mortar coating has not been applied directly to the heat insulating material by the outer heat insulation method until now, because the glass fiber heat insulating material and the rock wool heat insulating material have enough adhesive strength to support the finishing material. This is because there is no support.
In addition, when a method of sticking tiles etc. directly to the foamed glass heat insulating material is adopted, since the tile attached to the outside of the heat insulating material is directly attached to the heat insulating material, there is no heat transfer between the base and the concrete frame. It is not carried out, and its temperature rises rapidly when exposed to solar radiation and tends to become high temperature. When it rains, the temperature changes easily, and the temperature change is abrupt and the temperature difference is large. Since the heat insulating material is extremely low in flexibility, the heat insulating material cannot follow the expansion and contraction due to the temperature change of the finished tile or the like due to the air temperature or solar radiation, and the interface breakage occurs before long. This is because there is a concern that it may lead to peeling and dropping of tiles. Furthermore, when an impact is applied from the outside, the part surrounded by the cracked line is dropped in a form that is scraped off with the finished tile etc. in a dome shape, instead of peeling failure at the adhesive surface such as the heat insulating material, Repair of finishing the outer wall was difficult at the same time as repairing the heat insulating material.
[0005]
From the above, in the conventional outer heat insulation method, the method of applying finishing tiles etc. directly to the heat insulating material is not adopted, and as shown above, further outside the heat insulating material attached to the outer wall casing, hardware and bolts After finishing the outer wall finishing foundation supported by, finishing was applied. Such a construction method complicates the construction process, requires materials, and results in an increase in construction costs. Therefore, the heat insulation method in concrete construction has been widely spread and the outer insulation, which is well known, has been popularized. Further, in the above-mentioned method of finishing with tiles, if the dry tile panel 8 finished with the tile 3 is peeled off or dropped off, there is a risk of causing a serious accident related to human life. From the viewpoint of safety as well as complicated processes. The exterior wall finishing method with a simpler structure has been awaited.
[0006]
It is well known that the exterior insulation method is extremely effective for concrete buildings to prevent indoor dew condensation in the winter, and does not directly apply thermal stress to the structure due to solar radiation or changes in temperature, so that the occurrence of structural cracks in the concrete can be suppressed. . Further, covering the outside of the structure with a heat insulating material further prevents the rainwater and harmful gases that are harmful to the concrete from entering the inside of the concrete, and has the effect of further extending the life of the building structure. In addition, the outer heat insulation covering the exterior of the concrete structure with a heat insulating material does not provide a heat insulation layer on the indoor side, so the indoor air is in direct thermal contact with the concrete frame having a relatively large heat capacity. . This means that if the indoor air temperature becomes lower or higher than the temperature of the concrete housing, heat transfer occurs between the housing and indoor air, making the indoor air temperature more stable and reducing the maximum load of air conditioning. Is also effective.
[0007]
The conditions and properties required for the heat insulation of the outer heat insulation finishing method are as follows: (1) Since it is used in areas such as the roof and outside of the outer wall, it has extremely deteriorated heat insulation performance due to infiltration of rainwater and harmful gases, moisture content, and aging. Consists of small, independent bubbles.
(2) It must have shape maintenance and pressure resistance that allow direct application of tiles, direct application of mortar, etc., and concrete placement.
(3) Have fire resistance and nonflammability according to the Building Standard Law.
(4) Flexibility to prevent peeling or dropping off due to temperature change, etc. even when tiles are directly attached or mortar is applied directly.
The heat insulating material having the shape maintenance property of (2) above, the fire resistance of (3) above and the flexibility of (4) above, eliminates the need for a special foundation for finishing the outer heat insulating outer wall, This is important because it can reduce the construction cost and lead to the spread of external insulation architecture.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventionally, in the non-combustible and fire-resistant outer heat insulating method, glass fiber system and rock wool system having low shape maintenance property and foam glass having extremely small flexibility have been used as the non-combustible heat insulating material. In this way, the heat insulation is sandwiched from the outer wall of the housing through support hardware, support bolts, etc. so that no force is applied to the heat insulation. It took a complicated process, and during the construction, it was necessary to protect the heat insulating material from damage and rainwater, that is, to cure it, which required a construction period, and the construction cost was high.
The present invention has been made in order to solve the problems that have prevented the spread of the conventional heat-resistant outside heat insulation, and the object of the present invention is to directly apply a tile or the like to a flexible non-combustible heat insulating material. By finishing, it is intended to provide a heat-resistant outside heat insulation finishing method that simplifies the foundation process for finishing, shortens the construction period, and reduces the construction cost.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the present invention, a strong outer wall is formed by a placement method or the like in which the flexible plate-like incombustible heat insulating material is arranged in advance on a necessary surface in a concrete mold, and the concrete is placed and integrated with the concrete. A finishing base is formed, and the tile finish is applied directly to the surface of the heat insulating material through a tile adhesive mortar. Alternatively, mortar or the like is directly applied to the surface of the heat insulating material. Therefore, members such as support hardware, support bolts, and base panel for finishing the outer wall, and construction work are not required, and the cost can be reduced and the construction period can be shortened as compared with the conventional construction method.
[0010]
That is, the present invention is a flexible plate-like material in which the non-combustible heat insulating material integrated with the concrete by the concrete driving method, or the non-combustible heat insulating material attached to the existing outer wall with an adhesive and integrated. A non-combustible heat insulating material, and an external wall finishing method by external heat insulation, characterized in that an external wall finishing process is performed in which an external wall finishing material is directly applied or applied to the surface of the non-combustible heat insulating material. It is to provide. Here, the non-combustible heat insulating material needs to be composed of a closed-cell foam, and even if rainwater or the like enters, it does not contain water and needs to have extremely low water absorption. In the outer wall finishing step, specifically, the finishing tile can be directly attached to the surface of the noncombustible heat insulating material with an adhesive mortar or the like, or the surface of the noncombustible heat insulating material can be directly applied.
[0011]
In the outer wall finishing base formation by the driving method, the incombustible heat insulating material is usually in close contact with one side of the mold (the side constituting the outer surface of the outer wall) inside the space formed by the pair of molds. After placement, pour concrete. In the formation of an outer wall finish base, after the concrete is hardened, the formwork is removed to bond the non-combustible heat insulating material and the concrete together, or the non-combustible heat insulation with an adhesive on the existing outer wall surface. Forming an integrated outer wall finish by pasting materials together. According to this construction method, since it is possible to directly attach an outer wall finishing member such as a tile to a heat insulating material, there is no need for a base process, which is advantageous in terms of material and time, and heat changes and A strong outer wall that is resistant to changes over time can be obtained.
Thus, the tenacity of the flexible non-combustible heat insulating material can prevent cracking of the directly attached tile or the mortar itself, and can effectively prevent the outer wall finishing member from peeling off.
[0012]
In the present invention, a flexible non-combustible heat insulating material, for example, calcium carbonate-based foam heat insulating material (trade name: Rock Cell Board), etc. is used as a mortar composed of cement, sand, water as an adhesive. In response to this, for example, Umehiko Co., Ltd. UM bond filler or the like is used, and an outer wall finishing member such as a tile is directly attached or mortar is directly applied. According to the present invention, even if cracking occurs in the casing due to shrinkage of the casing concrete due to changes over time, the flexible heat insulating material absorbs the change, so the crack is not transmitted to the finished surface, It is difficult for the outer wall finishing members such as tiles to fall off. This makes it possible to carry out the exterior insulation method, which is considered the ideal insulation method, with a simple construction method in which tiles are directly attached to the insulation or mortar is applied directly, and the outer wall of the building is constructed. Can do.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is an outer wall finishing construction method in which an outer wall finishing material such as a tile is directly affixed or applied to the surface of an outer wall base formed by a flexible plate-like incombustible heat insulating material. For the outer wall finishing base, the plate-like incombustible heat insulating material is placed in advance on the required surface in the concrete formwork, and the concrete is placed and integrated with the concrete, or an adhesive is applied to the existing outer wall. It can form by apply | coating to the whole surface, sticking this nonflammable heat insulating material, and integrating. By using a flexible plate-like incombustible heat insulating material, a heat-resistant outer heat insulating structure in which an outer wall finishing member is directly applied to the heat insulating material is provided, and energy saving can be achieved.
[0014]
In the present invention, for example, a calcium carbonate foam heat insulating plate is suitably used as a flexible non-combustible heat insulating material. Although it does not specifically limit about an ingredient, For example, the inorganic filler 55-75 weight part which has calcium carbonate as a main component, the organic type binder resin 5-10 weight part, magnesium hydroxide 20-30 weight part, and a suitable quantity of foaming agents are mixed. A calcium carbonate-based foam insulation board obtained by foaming the prepared mixture is suitable.
The size of the foam heat insulating plate is arbitrary, but the thickness is usually about 5 mm to 50 mm, preferably 25 mm to 50 mm. The density is usually about 80 to 100 kg / m ³ and the compressive strength is usually about 1.5 to 2.0 kgf / cm ² .
Although it does not specifically limit as a manufacturing method of this foam heat insulating board, For example, the following methods are mentioned. An inorganic filler such as calcium carbonate, an organic binder resin, magnesium hydroxide and a foaming agent are added, and a primary plasticizer is further added and kneaded. The obtained paste-like mixture is heated in a high-pressure press mold, and foamed with a gas that decomposes and vaporizes the foaming agent. The primary plasticizer is removed from the foam to obtain the nonflammable heat insulating material of the present invention.
Hereinafter, the finishing construction method of the present invention using such a heat insulating material will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
[0015]
When finishing construction of the present invention is performed, a plate-like incombustible heat insulating material 2 is placed in advance on a necessary surface in a concrete formwork, and the concrete 1 is placed and integrated with the concrete or by an existing construction method. A strong outer wall finishing base is formed by applying an adhesive to the entire outer wall and pasting and integrating the non-combustible heat insulating material. In forming the outer wall base by the driving step, the nonflammable heat insulating material 2 is usually placed in close contact with one side of the mold (the side forming the outer surface of the outer wall) inside the space formed by the pair of molds. Then pour concrete 1 into it. The poured concrete is left to stand at normal temperature for 1 to 1 week, preferably 3 to 4 days for hardening. In the formation of the outer wall base, after the concrete 1 is cured, the pair of molds are removed to form an outer wall finishing base in which the non-combustible heat insulating material 2 and the concrete 1 are bonded and integrated. The flexible non-combustible heat insulating material is excellent in adhesiveness with concrete, and thus does not cause a problem such as peeling, and is extremely suitable for a driving method.
[0016]
Next, the finishing construction method of the present invention is a construction method in which an outer wall finishing member such as a tile is directly pasted or directly applied to the surface of the non-combustible heat insulating material as an outer wall finishing step using an adhesive such as mortar. .
In the conventional method, as shown in FIG. 2, after heat insulation using a heat insulating material 5 such as a glass fiber system, a size and a finishing base 8 for securing a heat insulation thickness and a ventilation layer 7 on the outer surface of the outer wall of the building frame. A necessary number of supporting hardware and supporting bolts 4 that can withstand the weight of the finishing material 3 were attached. The heat insulating material 5 is affixed to the outer wall surface with the metal bolts 4 penetrated, and then a metal pedestal or the like (channel 6) is attached to the metal hardware and bolts to form a foundation and a ventilation layer 7 is provided. The finishing panel 8 was attached, and the tile 3 was applied thereon.
In this invention, the complicated process of the conventional method becomes unnecessary and an outer wall member can be directly affixed on the surface of a nonflammable heat insulating material. Although it does not specifically limit as an adhesive agent, Usually, the mortar with which cement, sand, and water were mixed, the resin mortar with which resin was mixed as needed, etc. are used. Moreover, in this outer wall finishing process, mortar can also be directly applied to the surface of a nonflammable heat insulating material.
[0017]
In addition, as a tile used as an outer wall finishing material, a concrete crimping tile etc. are mentioned, for example. Moreover, as a mortar used as an outer wall finishing material, the range of cement: sand is 1: 1-3, Most preferably, the thing of 1: 1 can be illustrated. The weight ratio of water is not particularly limited, but a range of 20 to 40% by weight of a normal mortar is preferable.
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the outer wall finishing material can be directly pasted on the non-combustible heat insulating material, and an outer wall that is resistant to thermal changes and changes with time can be provided. In particular, it has fire resistance and non-flammability, does not require a special groundwork for finishing, can be directly applied to tiles or directly applied to mortar, and does not come off.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the outer heat insulation method, which is considered to be an ideal heat insulation method, is applied to the heat insulation material for outer heat insulation directly, without having to go through complicated steps. With this simple method, the outer wall of the building can be finished with heat insulation and fire resistance.
In addition, since the outer wall by the finish construction method of the present invention uses a flexible heat insulating material, even when the concrete frame has changed over time such as shrinkage after a long period of time, the heat insulating material is displaced. Therefore, the body surface is not cracked (body crack) and the outer wall finishing material is not peeled off.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of an outer wall when the outer wall finishing construction method of the present invention is performed.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an outer wall by a conventional outer heat insulation method.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Concrete 2 Flexible Incombustible Insulating Material 3 Tile (Outer Wall Finishing Material)
4 Support bolt 5 Fireproof, heat-resistant insulation (foam glass, glass wool, etc.)
6 Channel 7 Ventilation layer 8 Finish base

Claims (3)

Using a plate-like non-combustible heat insulating material having flexibility, an outer wall finishing method by external heat insulation,
The non-combustible heat insulating material is composed of an independent foam and has non-combustibility required by the Building Standards Act,
An outer wall finishing construction method comprising performing an outer wall finishing step in which a mortar mixed with cement, sand and water is used as an adhesive on the surface of the non-combustible heat insulating material, and an outer wall finishing material is directly attached.   The outer wall finishing construction method according to claim 1, wherein the outer wall finishing material is a tile. The outer wall finishing construction method according to claim 1 , wherein the non-combustible heat insulating material is obtained by removing a plasticizer.

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