JP3896011B2 - Hypertonic liquid injection device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to medical devices, and more particularly to a hypertonic solution injection device that intermittently supplies a hypertonic solution mainly composed of sodium to a human body during hemodialysis using a dialysis device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Traditionally, during hemodialysis treatment of patients with renal failure, nitrogen metabolites (urea nitrogen, creatine, etc.) from the blood, electrolytes, and water are removed to remove these between blood and extracellular and intracellular fluids. An osmotic pressure difference is generated due to a difference in concentration of each substance. Accompanying this, some patients developed headaches, decreased blood pressure, lower leg limbs, and pain in joints such as shoulders, and were forced to undergo painful hemodialysis treatment.
[0003]
Moreover, in all patients, a feeling of fatigue appeared during or after dialysis, and in some cases, the feeling of fatigue persisted until the next day of treatment, which hindered social life. High sodium dialysis methods that can alleviate these problems are also known. Here, the high sodium dialysis method means that the sodium concentration of a normal dialysate is around 140 mEq / L, similar to the physiological concentration of the human body, whereas 10% saline (NaCl) is dialyzed with a sodium infusion device. It is a method in which the sodium concentration of the dialysate is adjusted to 145 to 150 mEq / L.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, if the conventional high sodium dialysis method as described above is continuously performed, the sodium concentration in the patient's blood increases, and the effect of improving the symptoms such as headache and lowering blood pressure is relatively reduced. Due to the problem that new side effects such as dry mouth, weight gain and high blood pressure appear, it has been used only by some patients and has not been widely spread.
[0005]
Furthermore, in the high sodium dialysis method, since a dialysate higher than the physiological sodium concentration of the human body is used, it is necessary to accurately control the concentration to an appropriate level acceptable for each patient. Here, in order to control accurately, both the dialysate flow rate and the sodium injection amount must be constant, but in practice it was difficult to always obtain a constant flow rate. For this reason, the conventional sodium injection device is equipped with an expensive conductivity sensor, and it is necessary to monitor the sodium concentration of the dialysate, which makes the device complicated and expensive, increasing the cost. .
[0006]
The present invention has been made paying attention to the above-described problems of the prior art, and not only can improve symptoms such as headache and blood pressure reduction associated with normal dialysis treatment, but also increases costs. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a hypertonic solution injection device that can also eliminate the appearance of symptoms such as dry mouth, weight gain and hypertension, which are side effects of high sodium dialysis.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  The gist of the present invention for achieving the object described above resides in the inventions of the following items.
[1] A dialyzer (20) for filtering waste products in blood into a dialysate through a dialysis membrane (22), and a blood system inside the dialysis membrane (22) of the dialyzer (20) and a human body Hemodialysis using a dialyzer (10) having a blood circuit (11) and a dialysate circuit (12) for supplying dialysate to a dialysate system outside the dialyzer membrane (22) of the dialyzer (20). Sometimes a hypertonic solution injection device (30) that intermittently supplies a human body with a hypertonic solution mainly composed of sodium,
  Dialysate circuit (12)Is connected to a hypertonic liquid injection path (31) for injecting the hypertonic liquid, and the hypertonic liquid is intermittently injected by a predetermined amount every predetermined time via the hypertonic liquid injection path (31). Has injection control means (40)And
  The distal end side of the hypertonic solution injection path (31) is connected to the forward side (12a) of the dialysate circuit (12), and the hypertonic solution is transferred to the blood system in the dialyzer (20). Set to be indirectly introduced into the human body from the vein side (11b) of the blood circuit (11),
  The upstream side (12a) of the dialysate circuit (12) on the upstream side of the connected portion of the hypertonic solution injection path (31) and the return side (12b) of the dialysate circuit (12). A bypass path (13) that communicates, and a switching means (14) that can be switched between a dialysis avoidance state that avoids the dialyzer (20) and a dialysis state that communicates with the dialyzer (20) through the bypass path (13). Provided,
  The switching means (14) is placed in a dialysis avoidance state when the hypertonic solution is injected, and after the injection of the hypertonic solution, the hypertonic solution injected into the forward side (12a) of the dialysate circuit (12) is supplied to the dialyzer ( 20), after the switching means (14) is once in a dialysis state, the switching means (14) is kept until the hypertonic solution moves to the blood side in the dialyzer (20). The dialysis avoidance state is set again, and after the hypertonic solution moves to the blood side in the dialyzer (20), the switching means (14) is returned to the dialysis state.A hypertonic liquid injection device (30) characterized by the above.
[0008]
[2] On the proximal end side of the hypertonic solution injection path (31), a storage means (32) for storing the hypertonic solution in a sterile state in advance is provided,
In the middle of the hypertonic liquid injection path (31), a hypertonic liquid pump (33) for forcibly feeding the hypertonic liquid in the storage means (32) from the tip side of the hypertonic liquid injection path (31) is provided.
By automatically controlling the operation of the hypertonic solution pump (33) by the injection control means (40), the hypertonic solution is intermittently injected by a predetermined amount every predetermined time. [1 ] The hypertonic solution injecting device (30).
[0009]
[3] The injection control means (40) temporarily operates the hypertonic solution pump (33) for a predetermined total number of times at regular intervals after the start of dialysis by the dialyzer (10). The hypertonic solution injection device (30) according to [1] or [2], which is characterized in that it is characterized.
[0010]
[4] The injection control means (40) temporarily activates the hypertonic liquid pump (33) each time a predetermined time elapses a plurality of times after the start of dialysis by the dialyzer (10). The hypertonic solution injection device (30) according to [1] or [2], which is operated.
[0014]
[5[1], [2], [3], characterized in that a sterilization filter is interposed at the distal end side of the hypertonic solution injection path (31).Or [4]The hypertonic solution injection device (30) described.
[0015]
Next, the operation of the present invention will be described.
According to the hypertonic solution injection device (30) of the present invention, the hypertonic solution injection path (31) is connected to at least one of the blood circuit (11) and the dialysate circuit (12) of the dialyzer (10). Then, a hypertonic solution containing sodium as a main component is intermittently injected into the human body undergoing dialysis through the hypertonic solution injection path (31) by a predetermined amount every predetermined time by the control of the injection control means (40). . The injection control means (40) only needs to be able to easily control only the timing of the time of injecting the hypertonic solution and the injection amount per time.
[0016]
By injecting the hypertonic solution intermittently in this way, the osmotic pressure difference between the blood and the extracellular fluid and intracellular fluid caused by dialysis is suppressed, so that the original hemodialysis such as headache and blood pressure reduction can be achieved. The associated side effects can be resolved. In particular, intermittent injection prevents the sodium pump from deteriorating and does not cause excessive sodium accumulation in the blood, resulting in dry mouth, weight gain, and high blood pressure, which were the negative effects of conventional high sodium dialysis. Side effects such as these can also be eliminated.
[0017]
If a reservoir means (32) for preliminarily storing the hypertonic liquid in an aseptic state is provided on the proximal end side of the hypertonic liquid injection path (31), the hypertonic liquid can be supplied as needed from the reservoir means (32). By providing the hypertonic liquid pump (33) in the middle of the hypertonic liquid injection path (31), the hypertonic liquid in the storage means (32) can be forcibly sent out from the distal end side of the hypertonic liquid injection path (31). It becomes possible.
[0018]
Here, by automatically controlling the operation of the hypertonic liquid pump (33) by the injection control means (40), it becomes possible to inject the hypertonic liquid intermittently by a predetermined amount every predetermined time. In this way, the entire hypertonic solution injection device (30) can be configured very simply and easily.
[0019]
Further, as a control method by the injection control means (40), after the dialysis is started by the dialysis apparatus (10), the hypertonic liquid pump (33) is temporarily operated for a predetermined total number of times at regular intervals. It is good to set as follows. Alternatively, the hypertonic liquid pump (33) may be temporarily operated each time a predetermined time elapses a plurality of times after the start of dialysis. By any control, the total amount of the hypertonic solution to be injected into the human body can be significantly reduced as compared with the conventional high sodium dialysis method.
[0020]
As a more specific configuration of the hypertonic solution injection device (30), the distal end side of the hypertonic solution injection path (31) is connected to the vein side (11b) of the blood circuit (11), and the hypertonic solution is supplied to the blood circuit. If it is set so as to be directly introduced into the human body from the venous side (11b) of (11), an accurate amount of hypertonic solution can be quickly injected into the human body at a predetermined time point, and the configuration is further enhanced. It can be simplified.
[0021]
  furtherAs a specific configuration, the tip side of the hypertonic solution injection path (31) is connected to the forward side (12a) of the dialysate circuit (12), and the hypertonic solution is transferred to the blood system in the dialyzer (20). From the venous side (11b) of the blood circuit (11)Do. According to such a configuration, even if impurities are mixed in the hypertonic solution, there is no risk of entering the blood with the dialyzer (20), and safety can be further improved.
[0022]
  However, according to such a configuration, in order to prevent a situation in which the injected hypertonic solution simply circulates in the dialysate circuit (12) without being transferred to the blood system by the dialyzer (20), the following measures are taken.Do. That is, a bypass path is provided between the upstream side (12a) of the dialysate circuit (12) on the upstream side of the connecting portion of the hypertonic solution injection path (31) and the return side (12b) of the dialysate circuit (12). Switching means (14) is provided which can be switched between a dialysis avoidance state communicating with (13) and avoiding the dialyzer (20) through the bypass path (13) and a dialysis state communicating with the dialyzer (20).
[0023]
At the time of injecting the hypertonic solution, the switching means (14) is brought into a dialysis avoidance state, and after the injection of the hypertonic solution, the hypertonic solution injected into the forward side (12a) of the dialysate circuit (12) is dialyzed (20). After the switching means (14) is once in a dialysis state, the switching means (14) is again put into a dialysis avoidance state until the hypertonic solution moves to the blood side in the dialyzer (20). After the hypertonic solution moves to the blood side in the dialyzer (20), the switching means (14) is returned to the dialysis state. By the switching operation of the switching means (14), it is possible to indirectly introduce the hypertonic solution injected into the dialysate circuit (12) into the human body without excess or deficiency.
[0024]
Furthermore, if a sterilization filter is interposed at the distal end side of the hypertonic solution injection path (31), the sterilization of the hypertonic solution can be easily realized before the injection to the dialyzer (10) side. it can. In addition, the hypertonic solution injection device (30) according to the present invention may be configured to be integrated with the dialysis device (10) in advance, or may be configured to be added later to the existing dialysis device (10).
[0025]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, various embodiments representing the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention.
The hypertonic solution injection device 30 according to the present embodiment is a device for intermittently supplying a hypertonic solution mainly composed of sodium to the human body during hemodialysis using the dialyzer 10. Hereinafter, the case where the hypertonic solution injection device 30 is provided integrally with the dialysis device 10 will be described as an example.
[0026]
First, the dialysis apparatus 10 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, a dialyzer 10 includes a dialyzer 20 called a dialyzer, a blood circuit 11 that connects the blood system of the dialyzer 20 and the human body, and a dialysate to the dialysate system of the dialyzer 20. And a dialysate circuit 12 for supplying the liquid.
[0027]
The blood circuit 11 includes an arterial path 11a that connects the human artery and the dialyzer 20, and a venous path 11b that connects the dialyzer 20 and the human vein. On the other hand, the dialysate circuit 12 includes an outward path 12 a for supplying dialysate to the dialyzer 20 and a return path 12 b for recovering dialyzed dialysate from the dialyzer 20. Although not shown, a blood pump or the like for forcibly circulating blood is provided in the middle of the arterial passage 11a, and dialysate is forced in the middle of the connection place of the bypass passage 13 of the return passage 12b and the dialysate outlet. A circulating dialysate pump or the like is provided.
[0028]
As shown in FIG. 2, the dialyzer 20 includes a cylindrical tube body 21 in which a bundle of many hollow fiber type dialysis membranes 22 is enclosed. Blood flows and the dialysate flows outside the dialysis membrane 22. That is, the inside of the tube body 21 is divided into two systems, that is, the inside of the dialysis membrane 22 is a blood system and the outside of the dialysis membrane 22 is a dialysate system.
[0029]
A blood inlet 23A and a blood outlet 23B communicating with the blood system are provided at both ends of the tube body 21. In addition, a dialysate inlet 24A and a dialysate outlet 24B communicating with the dialysate system are provided on the side walls on both ends of the pipe body 21. In addition, the flow direction of blood and dialysate in the tube main body 21 is set to be counterflows that are opposite to each other from the viewpoint of dialysis efficiency. The dialysis efficiency varies somewhat depending on the type and performance of the dialysis membrane 22.
[0030]
With respect to the dialysis apparatus 10 as described above, the hypertonic solution injection device 30 according to the present embodiment is configured in advance in an integrally combined form. The hypertonic solution injection device 30 is connected to the dialysate circuit 12 in the middle of the hypertonic solution injection path 31 for injecting the hypertonic solution, and the hypertonic solution is supplied via the hypertonic solution injection path 31 every predetermined time. And injection control means 40 for performing control to intermittently inject a predetermined amount.
[0031]
As shown in FIG. 1, the distal end side of the hypertonic solution injection path 31 is connected in advance to the forward path 12 a of the dialysate circuit 12, and in this embodiment, the hypertonic solution is blood in the dialyzer 20. After being transferred to the system, it is set so as to be indirectly introduced into the human body from the vein side 11b of the blood circuit 11.
[0032]
On the proximal end side of the hypertonic solution injection path 31, a storage unit 32 is provided that includes a chemical syringe that stores the hypertonic solution in a sterile state in advance. Here, the hypertonic solution is a solution for adjusting the osmotic pressure mainly composed of about 20% sodium, and may contain glucose, glycerol, mannitol, urea nitrogen or the like as necessary. Furthermore, sodium citrate that promotes cell activation, vitamin C that removes active oxygen in the blood, and the like may be added in a trace amount.
[0033]
In the middle of the hypertonic liquid injection path 31, a hypertonic liquid pump 33 for forcibly sending the hypertonic liquid in the storage means 32 from the distal end side of the hypertonic liquid injection path 31 is provided. The hypertonic liquid pump 33 is composed of various known pumps such as a reciprocating pump and a roller pump. By adjusting the number of rotations of a drive motor (not shown), the flow of the hypertonic liquid to be sent out is adjusted. The desired value can be controlled. The hypertonic liquid pump 33 is connected to the injection control means 40 via a signal line.
[0034]
The injection control means 40 automatically controls the operation of the hypertonic solution pump 33 to execute an operation of intermittently injecting the hypertonic solution by a predetermined amount every predetermined time. The injection control means 40 is specifically composed of, for example, a microcomputer constituted by an interface, a CPU, a RAM, a ROM, and the like.
[0035]
The infusion control means 40 may be set so that the hypertonic liquid pump 33 is temporarily operated after a predetermined total number of times after the start of dialysis by the dialysis apparatus 10. Alternatively, after the start of dialysis, the hypertonic solution pump 33 may be set to be temporarily operated each time a predetermined number of predetermined times have elapsed. The hypertonic liquid pump 33 can be controlled in various operation modes by changing the program of the injection control means 40 or operating a predetermined input setting. Detailed control contents will be described later.
[0036]
Further, the middle of the dialysate circuit 12 on the upstream side of the connection place of the hypertonic solution injection path 31 and the middle of the return path 12b of the dialysate circuit 12 are connected by the bypass path 13. ing. A switching means 14 comprising a three-way solenoid valve is provided in the middle of the forward path 12a. The first connection port 14a of the switching means 14 is connected to the dialysate inlet side of the forward path 12a, and the second connection port 14b is dialyzed. The third connection port 14 c is connected to one end of the bypass path 13.
[0037]
By switching the switching means 14, the dialysate flow in the dialysate circuit 12 is communicated with the dialyzer 20 without passing through the bypass path 13 and the dialysis avoidance state in which the dialysate 20 circulates around the dialyzer 20 through the bypass path 13. The dialysis state is circulated via the dialyzer 20.
[0038]
More specifically, in the normal dialysis state, the first connection port 14a and the second connection port 14b of the switching unit 14 communicate with each other and the third connection port 14c is closed. In the dialysis avoidance state, the first connection port 14a and the second connection port 14b are closed. The first connection port 14a and the third connection port 14c communicate with each other and the second connection port 14b is closed.
[0039]
The switching means 14 is connected to the injection control means 40 via a signal line in the same manner as the hypertonic liquid pump 33, and switching between the dialysis avoidance state and the dialysis state is controlled by the injection control means 40. In other words, the injection control means 40 is set to automatically control the switching operation of the switching means 14 in addition to automatically controlling the operation of the hypertonic liquid pump 33.
[0040]
Specifically, when the hypertonic solution is injected, the switching means 14 is placed in a dialysis avoidance state, and after the injection of the hypertonic solution, the hypertonic solution injected into the forward path 12a of the dialysate circuit 12 is transferred to the dialyzer 20 once. After the means 14 is put into the dialysis state, the switching means 14 is again put into the dialysis avoidance state until the hypertonic solution moves to the blood side in the dialyzer 20, and the hypertonic solution moves to the blood side in the dialyzer 20. Therefore, the switching means 14 is controlled to return to the dialysis state. Details will be described later.
[0041]
Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described.
In FIG. 1, when hemodialysis is started by the hemodialyzer 10, blood taken from the human artery from the beginning of the arterial passage 11 a in the blood circuit 11 is moved into the dialyzer 20 by the operation of a blood pump (not shown). It is sent to the blood system. Then, the blood discharged from the blood system in the dialyzer 20 is returned to the veins of the human body through the vein path 11b of the blood circuit 11.
[0042]
On the other hand, the dialysate supplied from the starting end of the forward path 12 a in the dialysate circuit 12 is sent to the dialysate system in the dialyzer 20. At this time, the switching means 14 in the middle of the forward path 12a is set to a normal dialysis state where the dialysate communicates with the dialyzer 20 without passing through the bypass path 13. Then, the dialysate discharged from the dialysate system in the dialyzer 20 passes through the return path 12b of the dialysate circuit 12 and is discharged to the outside by driving a dialysate pump (not shown). In the dialyzer 20, waste in the blood flowing through the blood system is filtered to the dialysate side flowing through the dialysate system in contact through the dialysis membrane 22 (FIG. 2).
[0043]
During such hemodialysis, a hypertonic solution mainly composed of sodium is intermittently injected into the human body by the hypertonic solution injection device 30. In the present embodiment, the hypertonic solution injection path 31 is connected to the forward path 12a of the dialysate circuit 12, and the hypertonic solution is controlled to the human body during dialysis via the hypertonic solution injection path 31 by the control of the injection control means 40. Are intermittently injected at a predetermined rate every predetermined time. The hypertonic solution is indirectly introduced into the human body from the venous side 11b of the blood circuit 11 after transferring to the blood system in the dialyzer 20.
[0044]
Since the storage means 32 that stores the hypertonic solution in a sterile state in advance is provided on the proximal end side of the hypertonic solution injection path 31, the hypertonic solution can be supplied from the storage device 32 as needed. There is a hypertonic liquid pump 33 in the middle of the hypertonic liquid injection path 31, and the operation of the hypertonic liquid pump 33 is controlled by the injection control means 40 so that the hypertonic liquid is intermittently injected at predetermined intervals every predetermined time. It becomes possible to do. Thus, the hypertonic solution injection device 30 can be configured very simply and easily.
[0045]
As a control method by the injection control means 40, for example, as shown in FIG. 3 (A), after the start of dialysis by the dialyzer 10, the hypertonic liquid pump 33 is temporarily turned on for a predetermined total number of times at regular intervals. It is good to set it to work. More specifically, during the dialysis treatment from 15 minutes after the start of dialysis to 1 to 1.5 hours before the end of dialysis, the total is calculated at an arbitrary time interval selected in advance from 30 minutes to 1.5 hours. Only 5 to 8 ml of hypertonic solution mainly composed of 20% physiological saline is injected into the forward path 12a of the dialysate circuit 12 3 to 8 times.
[0046]
Here, regarding the injection per time, a predetermined amount set in advance in the above 5 to 20 ml may be continuously injected. However, due to the structure of the hypertonic liquid pump 33, the hypertonic liquid is intermittently sent out. In such a case, as shown in FIG. 3C, it may be set such that, for example, 1 ml is intermittently injected until a predetermined amount is reached. Specifically, the timing of the time of injecting the hypertonic solution and the amount of injection per time can be freely adjusted to an arbitrary value by the setting of the injection control means 40.
[0047]
Further, as another control method by the injection control means 40, for example, as shown in FIG. 3 (B), after the start of dialysis by the dialyzer 10, a predetermined number of predetermined times have elapsed, and each time a hypertonic is performed. The liquid pump 33 may be temporarily operated. 3A or 3B, the total amount of hypertonic solution to be injected into the human body can be significantly reduced as compared with the conventional high sodium dialysis method.
[0048]
In any of the above control methods, the hypertonic solution is injected into the forward path 12a of the dialysate circuit 12 and transferred to the blood system by the dialyzer 20, so that it is indirectly transferred from the vein side 11b of the blood circuit 11 into the human body. Introduced. Therefore, the flow in the dialysate circuit 12 is controlled as follows so that all the hypertonic solutions injected into the dialysate circuit 12 remain in the dialyzer 20.
[0049]
That is, when the hypertonic solution is injected, the switching means 14 is temporarily switched from the normal dialysis state to the dialysis avoidance state. That is, since the first connection port 14a and the third connection port 14c of the switching means 14 communicate with each other and the second connection port 14b is closed, the dialysate supplied to the forward path 12a of the dialysate circuit 12 is dialyzed. The flow is discharged from the return path 12 b via the bypass path 13 without reaching the container 20.
[0050]
In such a dialysis avoidance state, the hypertonic solution pump 33 is operated under the control of the injection control means 40, and the hypertonic solution is injected from the hypertonic solution injection path 31 to the forward path 12a of the dialysate circuit 12 by a predetermined amount in the range of 5 to 20 ml. To do. After the injection of the hypertonic solution, in order to transfer the hypertonic solution to the dialyzer 20, the switching unit 14 is once put into a dialysis state, and then the switching unit 14 is again put into a dialysis avoidance state for a predetermined transition time. For example, within the transition time of about 3 to 5 minutes, in the dialyzer 20, sodium (about 17.1 to 68.4 mEq / L) in the hypertonic solution permeates the dialysis membrane 22 and moves to the blood system.
[0051]
After all the hypertonic solution in the dialyzer 20 has moved to the blood side, the switching means 14 is returned to the normal dialysis state and hemodialysis is resumed. Such a switching operation of the switching means 14 is also controlled by the injection control means 40, and by this control, the hypertonic solution injected into the dialysate circuit 12 is introduced indirectly into the human body without excess or deficiency. Is possible. In this way, the hypertonic solution is not directly introduced into the human body from the blood circuit 11, but is indirectly introduced into the human body via the dialysate circuit 12 and the dialyzer 20, so that impurities should be present in the hypertonic solution. Even if it is mixed in, there is no fear of entering the blood with the dialyzer 20, and safety can be further improved.
[0052]
By injecting the hypertonic solution as described above intermittently and repeatedly under the control of the injection control means 40, the difference in osmotic pressure between blood, extracellular fluid and intracellular fluid due to dialysis is suppressed. Thus, side effects associated with original hemodialysis such as headache and blood pressure reduction can be eliminated. In particular, intermittent injection prevents deterioration of sodium pump function, prevents excessive accumulation of sodium in the blood, and causes dry mouth, weight gain, and high blood pressure, which are the negative effects of conventional high sodium dialysis. Side effects such as these can also be eliminated.
[0053]
FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, the distal end side of the hypertonic solution injection path 31 is connected to the venous side 11b of the blood circuit 11, and the hypertonic solution is directly introduced into the human body from the venous side 11b of the blood circuit 11. It is set. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the site | part of the same kind as 1st Embodiment, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.
[0054]
Also in the present embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the operation of the hypertonic liquid pump 33 provided in the middle of the hypertonic liquid injection path 31 is controlled by the injection control means 40, whereby the hypertonic liquid is allowed to flow for a predetermined time. Every other predetermined amount is intermittently injected. In particular, in the present embodiment, by introducing the hypertonic solution directly into the human body from the venous side 11b of the blood circuit 11, an accurate amount of the hypertonic solution can be quickly injected into the human body at a predetermined time point. Since the switching means 14 and its control are not required, the overall configuration can be further simplified.
[0055]
As described above, the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to these embodiments, and the present invention can be modified or added without departing from the scope of the present invention. Included in the invention. For example, a sterilization filter may be interposed at the distal end side of the hypertonic solution injection path 31.
[0056]
Here, the sterilization filter has a filter material (not shown) that can remove at least bacteria and endotoxin, which is a toxin produced by the bacterium. By interposing such a sterilization filter, sterilization of the hypertonic solution can be easily realized at the stage before injection into the dialyzer 10 side.
[0057]
Further, the injection control means 40 is constituted by a microcomputer, but particularly when the switching means 14 to be controlled in addition to the hypertonic liquid pump 33 is unnecessary as in the second embodiment, the injection control means. No. 40 may be constituted by a timer or the like capable of switching ON / OFF of the power supply because it is sufficient to simply control only the timing of the time of injecting the hypertonic solution and the injection amount per time. The hypertonic solution injection device 30 is previously integrated with the dialysis device 10, but the hypertonic solution injection device 30 may of course be added to the existing dialysis device 10 later.
[0058]
【The invention's effect】
  According to the hypertonic solution injection device of the present invention, the dialysis deviceDialysate circuitA hypertonic solution injection path is connected midway through the hypertonic solution injection path, and a hypertonic solution containing sodium as a main component is intermittently supplied at predetermined intervals every predetermined time to the human body during dialysis via the control of the injection control means. By injecting into the blood, the osmotic pressure difference between blood and extracellular fluid and intracellular fluid caused by dialysis can be suppressed, thereby eliminating side effects associated with original hemodialysis such as headache and blood pressure reduction. In particular, intermittent injection prevents the sodium pump from degrading, prevents excessive accumulation of sodium in the blood, and is a negative effect of conventional high sodium dialysis methods. Side effects such as high blood pressure can also be eliminated.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view schematically showing a hypertonic solution injection device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view showing a dialyzer constituting the hypertonic solution injection device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph for explaining hypertonic solution injection control in the hypertonic solution injection device according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view schematically showing a hypertonic solution injection device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 ... Dialyzer
11 ... Blood circuit
11a ... Arterial tract
11b ... Venous route
12 ... Dialysate circuit
12a ... Outbound
12b ... Return way
13 ... Bypass route
14 ... Switching means
14a ... 1st connection port
14b ... Second connection port
14c ... Third connection port
20 ... dialyzer
21 ... Pipe body
22 ... Dialysis membrane
30 ... Hypertonic liquid injection device
31 ... Hypertonic liquid injection path
32 ... Storage means
33 ... Hypertonic liquid pump
40. Injection control means

Claims (5)

A dialyzer that filters waste products in blood into dialysate through a dialysis membrane, a blood circuit that connects the blood system inside the dialysis membrane of the dialyzer and the human body, and a dialysis solution outside the dialysis membrane of the dialyzer A hypertonic fluid injection device that intermittently supplies a hypertonic solution mainly composed of sodium to the human body during hemodialysis using a dialyzer having a dialysate circuit that supplies a dialysate to the system,
A hypertonic solution injection path for injecting the hypertonic solution is connected in the middle of the dialysate circuit , and the hypertonic solution is intermittently injected by a predetermined amount every predetermined time through the hypertonic solution injection path. have a injection control means,
The distal end side of the hypertonic solution injection path is connected to the forward side of the dialysate circuit, and after the hypertonic solution is transferred to the blood system in the dialyzer, indirectly from the vein side of the blood circuit into the human body. Set up to deploy,
A bypass path that communicates the middle of the upstream side of the connection point of the hypertonic fluid injection path on the outward side of the dialysate circuit and the middle of the return side of the dialysate circuit, and avoids the dialyzer through the bypass path A switching means capable of switching between a dialysis avoidance state and a dialysis state communicating with the dialyzer,
In order to transfer the hypertonic solution injected to the forward side of the dialysate circuit after the injection of the hypertonic solution into the dialysis avoidance state when the hypertonic solution is injected, The dialysis state is followed by the switching means again in the dialysis avoidance state until the hypertonic solution moves to the blood side in the dialyzer, and the hypertonic solution moves to the blood side in the dialyzer. The hypertonic solution injection device is characterized in that the switching means is returned to the dialysis state . On the proximal end side of the hypertonic liquid injection path, a storage means for preliminarily storing the hypertonic liquid in a sterile state is provided,
In the middle of the hypertonic liquid injection path, a hypertonic liquid pump for forcibly sending the hypertonic liquid in the storage means from the tip side of the hypertonic liquid injection path is provided.
2. The hypertonic liquid injection according to claim 1, wherein the hypertonic liquid is intermittently injected by a predetermined amount every predetermined time by automatically controlling the operation of the hypertonic liquid pump by the injection control means. apparatus.   3. The hypertonic solution according to claim 1, wherein the injection control unit temporarily operates the hypertonic solution pump for a predetermined total number of times at regular intervals after the start of dialysis by the dialyzer. Injection device.   The injection control means temporarily operates the hypertonic liquid pump each time a predetermined time elapses a plurality of times after the start of dialysis by the dialysis apparatus. The hypertonic solution injection device described. The hypertonic solution injection device according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4 , wherein a sterilization filter is interposed at a distal end side of the hypertonic solution injection path.

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