JP3894476B2 - Floating structure - Google Patents

Floating structure Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3894476B2
JP3894476B2 JP2001388945A JP2001388945A JP3894476B2 JP 3894476 B2 JP3894476 B2 JP 3894476B2 JP 2001388945 A JP2001388945 A JP 2001388945A JP 2001388945 A JP2001388945 A JP 2001388945A JP 3894476 B2 JP3894476 B2 JP 3894476B2
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Prior art keywords
seismic isolation
floating
air chamber
isolation structure
main body
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JP2001388945A
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JP2003184343A (en
Inventor
信吉 谷垣
正己 松浦
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三菱重工橋梁エンジニアリング株式会社
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、簡略な構造で鉛直方向の免震性能を向上できる浮体式免震構造物に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来より、構造物を流体中に浮揚させることにより免震性能を確保する免震構造において、その免震性能が、水平方向については効果が高いことが一般に知られている。これに加え、鉛直方向の免震性能についても、十分な効果を得ることを目的に、図5に示すような、構造物本体2の底部に複数の空気室3を設けた免震構造物20が検討されている。これは、該免震構造物20の空気室3を複数に分割する構造とすることにより、構造物本体2の静的安定性を維持し、かつ復元力を確保し、水平方向だけでなく、鉛直方向の地震動に対しても免震効果を持たせる構造としたものである。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、このような免震構造物20は、前記空気室3が構造物本体2の底部に位置するため、重心が高くなり復元力が小さくなりやすい。また、図11に示す構造を高層構造物に適用する場合には、復元力を十分に持たせる必要があるため、これを目的に、空気室3の分割数をさらに増やす必要が生じる。しかし、このような方法はコストが高くなるとともに、空気室3の気圧の保持や腐食等に対するメンテナンス作業が煩雑となるため、現実的ではない。
【0004】
一方で、復元力を十分に保持することを目的に、前記空気室3の高さを十分にとる方法も考えられるが、流体7を配する免震ピット6を深くすると、地盤の掘削量が増加しコストが高くなることが考えられる。また、前記空気室3を上方に大きくとると、免震構造物20全体に対して構造物本体2の占める割合が小さくなり、免震構造物20内に活用できないスペースが多くなりやすい。
【0005】
上記事情に鑑み、本発明は、簡略な構造で、鉛直方向の免震性能を向上できる浮体式免震構造物を提供することを目的としている。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項1記載の浮体式免震構造物は、流体中に浮揚することにより免震性を有する浮体式免震構造物であって、該浮体式免震構造物は、構造物本体と、該構造物本体の側方に設けられた空気室とよりなり、該空気室が、前記構造物本体の外壁より水平に取り付けられた張出スラブと、該張出スラブの先端部より鉛直下方向に延びる隔壁とより構成されることを特徴としている。
【0007】
請求項2記載の浮体式免震構造物は、前記空気室の上方には、構造物が設けられることを特徴としている。
【0008】
請求項3記載の浮体式免震構造物は、前記隔壁には、該隔壁と直交するように延出片が設けられることを特徴としている。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明に係る浮体式免震構造物について、図1から図4を用いて詳述する。
【0010】
(本発明の第1の実施の形態)
図1から図2に、構造物本体2の側方に空気室3を設け、鉛直方向の免震性能を向上させる事例を以下に示す。
図1(a)に示すように、浮体式免震構造物1は、地盤中に設けられた免震ピット6の内部で、所定量を満たされた流体7中に浮揚しており、構造物本体2と、空気室3より構成されている。該空気室3は、構造物本体2の外周より張り出すように設けられた張出スラブ4と、該張出スラブ4の先端より鉛直下方向に延びる隔壁5とにより構成され、外周面全体に設けられている。なお、前記免震ピット6は、該浮体式免震構造物1の外形よりも大きい断面積と、前記空気室3の高さを越える深さを有している。
【0011】
上述する構成によれば、浮体式免震構造物1は、構造物本体2の下部ではなく、側部に空気室3が設けられるため、浮体式免震構造物1全体の重心点の位置が下方に下がり、構造物本体2の安定性が増すとともに、復元性能を向上することが可能となる。
【0012】
なお、前記空気室3は、構造物本体2の外周部全体に設ける必要はなく、構造物本体2の側部に設ければ、何れの位置に何カ所設けてもよい。また、図1(b)に示すように、前記空気室3の上部に新たに構造物10を構築してもよい。
【0013】
図1(a)(b)では、構造物本体2の側部に空気室3を設けた浮体式免震構造物1を示したが、空気室3の配置位置は、構造物本体2の側方に位置していればこれに限ることなく、構造物本体2より下方に設けてもよい。図2にこれらの事例を示す。
【0014】
図2(a)に示すように、浮体式免震構造物1は、構造物本体2と、該構造物本体2の下端部より外方に張り出すように設けられた張出スラブ4の下部に設けられた空気室3とより構成される。該空気室3は、前記張出スラブ4と該張出スラブ4の先端及び、その内方より鉛直下方向に各々延びる隔壁5とにより構成され、外周面全体に設けられている。なお、ここで用いられる前記免震ピット6は、該浮体式免震構造物1の空気室3の外形よりも大きい断面積と、前記空気室3の高さを越える深さを有しており、ロの字状に形成されている。
【0015】
上述する構成によれば、浮体式免震構造物1は、構造物本体2の下方で、かつ側部に空気室3が設けられるため、浮体式免震構造物1全体の重心点の位置から離れた位置に空気室3が設けられることとなり、復元性能を向上させるとともに、ロッキングを解消することが可能となる。
【0016】
なお、前記空気室3は、構造物本体2の外周部全体に設ける必要はなく、構造物本体2の下方で側部に設けられれば、何れの位置に何カ所設けてもよい。ただし、これに応じて前記免震ピット6の形状を変化させることとなる。また、図2(b)に示すように、前記免震ピット6の中央部を掘り込み、前記構造物本体2を下方に拡張して浮体式免震構造物1全体の重心点の位置を下げて、さらに復元力を高める構成としてもよい。さらに、図2(c)(d)に示すように、前記空気室3の上部に側方構造物を構築してもよい。
【0017】
(本発明の第2の実施の形態)
図3及び図4に、第1の実施の形態に示した浮体式免震構造物1について、さらに免震性能を向上させる事例を示す。図1(a)(b)、及び図2(a)(b)(c)(d)に示した浮体式免震構造物1に対して、図3(a)(b)及び図4(a)(b)(c)(d)に示すように、各々の空気室3における前記隔壁5の下端部には、各々に該隔壁5に対して直交するように延出片5aが設けられている。
【0018】
該延出片5aは、浮体式免震構造物1の運動時の重量を増すことを目的に取り付けられるもので、該浮体式免震構造物1の下方の運動時の重量を増加させることにより、固有周期を長期化し、免震性能を向上させるものである。本発明の第2の実施の形態では、延出片5aを前記隔壁5の下端部に設けたが、これにこだわるものではなく、前記隔壁5の中間部に設けてもよい。
【0019】
このような構成によれば、浮体式免震構造物1は、前記延出片5aにより付加重量を与えられることとなるため、浮体式免震構造物1全体の重量が増し、免震性能を向上させることが可能となる。また、該延出片5aは空気室3内に配置させてもよいが、流体7中に配置させれば、該延出片5aと共に流体が運動し、見かけ上増加した重量として浮体式免震構造物1に伝達することができるため、擬似的に浮体式免震構造物1の重量が増すこととなり、免震性能もさらに向上させることが可能となる。
【0020】
なお、該延出片5aの形状は、何れにもこだわるものではないが、浮体式免震構造物1が鉛直方向の挙動を示した際に、前記流体7が延出片5aと共に運動する付加重量となりうる形状であれば、その効果は大きい。
【0021】
【発明の効果】
請求項1記載の浮体式免震構造物は、流体中に浮揚することにより免震性を有する浮体式免震構造物であって、該浮体式免震構造物は、構造物本体と、該構造物本体の側方に設けられた空気室とよりなり、該空気室が、前記構造物本体の外壁より水平に取り付けられた張出スラブと、該張出スラブの先端部より鉛直下方向に延びる隔壁とより構成されることから、浮体式免震構造物全体の重心点を下方に下げることができるため、構造物本体の安定性が増すとともに、復元性能を向上することが可能となる。
【0022】
請求項2記載の浮体式免震構造物は、前記空気室の上方には、構造物が設けられることから、構造物本体の安定性と、復元性能を向上させながら、構造物本体の空間を広くとることが可能となる。
【0023】
請求項3記載の浮体式免震構造物は、前記隔壁には、該隔壁と直交するように延出片が設けられることから、延出片により付加重量を与えられることとなるため、浮体式免震構造物全体の重量が増し、免震性能を向上させることが可能となる。また、該延出片を流体中に配置させれば、延出片周辺の水を運動時の重量として浮体式免震構造物に伝達することができるため、擬似的に浮体式免震構造物の重量が増すこととなり、免震性能もさらに向上させることが可能となる。
【0024】
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明に係る構造物本体の側部に空気室を設けた浮体式構造物を示す図である。
【図2】 本発明に係る構造物本体の側部に空気室を設けた浮体式構造物の他の事例を示す図である。
【図3】 本発明に係る構造物本体の側部に空気室を設けた浮体式構造物を長周期化させた事例を示す図である。
【図4】 本発明に係る構造物本体の側部に空気室を設けた浮体式構造物を長周期化させた他の事例を示す図である。
【図5】 従来の浮体式構造物の概略を示す図である。
【0025】
【符号の説明】
1 浮体式構造物
2 構造物本体
3 空気室
4 張出スラブ
5 隔壁
5a 延出片
10 構造物
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a floating type seismic isolation structure capable of improving the base isolation performance in the vertical direction with a simple structure.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, it is generally known that a seismic isolation structure that ensures seismic isolation performance by levitating a structure in a fluid is highly effective in the horizontal direction. In addition to this, the seismic isolation structure 20 in which a plurality of air chambers 3 are provided at the bottom of the structure main body 2 as shown in FIG. Is being considered. This is a structure in which the air chamber 3 of the seismic isolation structure 20 is divided into a plurality of parts, so that the static stability of the structure body 2 is maintained and the restoring force is secured, not only in the horizontal direction, The structure has a seismic isolation effect against vertical ground motion.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the seismic isolation structure 20, the air chamber 3 is located at the bottom of the structure body 2, so that the center of gravity increases and the restoring force tends to decrease. Moreover, when applying the structure shown in FIG. 11 to a high-rise structure, since it is necessary to give a sufficient restoring force, it is necessary to further increase the number of divisions of the air chamber 3 for this purpose. However, such a method is not practical because it increases the cost and makes maintenance work for maintaining the atmospheric pressure of the air chamber 3 and corroding it complicated.
[0004]
On the other hand, for the purpose of sufficiently maintaining the restoring force, a method of taking a sufficient height of the air chamber 3 can be considered. It can be considered that the cost increases. Further, if the air chamber 3 is made larger upward, the proportion of the structure body 2 to the entire seismic isolation structure 20 is reduced, and the space that cannot be utilized in the seismic isolation structure 20 tends to increase.
[0005]
In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a floating seismic isolation structure that has a simple structure and can improve the seismic isolation performance in the vertical direction.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The floating seismic isolation structure according to claim 1 is a floating seismic isolation structure having seismic isolation properties by floating in a fluid, the floating seismic isolation structure comprising: a structure main body; and An air chamber provided on the side of the structure main body, the air chamber being mounted horizontally from the outer wall of the structure main body, and a vertically downward direction from the tip of the overhang slab It is characterized by comprising an extending partition wall.
[0007]
The floating seismic isolation structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that a structure is provided above the air chamber.
[0008]
The floating seismic isolation structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that an extension piece is provided on the partition so as to be orthogonal to the partition.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the floating type seismic isolation structure according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
[0010]
(First embodiment of the present invention)
FIGS. 1 to 2 show an example in which an air chamber 3 is provided on the side of the structure body 2 to improve the vertical seismic isolation performance.
As shown in FIG. 1 (a), a floating seismic isolation structure 1 is levitated in a fluid 7 filled with a predetermined amount inside a seismic isolation pit 6 provided in the ground. The main body 2 and the air chamber 3 are comprised. The air chamber 3 includes an overhanging slab 4 provided so as to protrude from the outer periphery of the structure body 2 and a partition wall 5 extending vertically downward from the tip of the overhanging slab 4. Is provided. The seismic isolation pit 6 has a cross-sectional area larger than the outer shape of the floating seismic isolation structure 1 and a depth exceeding the height of the air chamber 3.
[0011]
According to the above-described configuration, the floating type seismic isolation structure 1 is provided with the air chamber 3 at the side rather than the lower part of the structure body 2, so that the position of the center of gravity of the entire floating type seismic isolation structure 1 is Lowering, the stability of the structure body 2 is increased, and the restoration performance can be improved.
[0012]
The air chamber 3 does not need to be provided on the entire outer peripheral portion of the structure main body 2, and may be provided at any position as long as it is provided on the side of the structure main body 2. Further, as shown in FIG. 1B, a structure 10 may be newly constructed on the upper portion of the air chamber 3.
[0013]
In FIGS. 1A and 1B, the floating type seismic isolation structure 1 in which the air chamber 3 is provided on the side of the structure main body 2 is shown. The arrangement position of the air chamber 3 is on the side of the structure main body 2. If it is located in the direction, you may provide below the structure main body 2 without restricting to this. FIG. 2 shows these cases.
[0014]
As shown in FIG. 2 (a), the floating type seismic isolation structure 1 includes a structure main body 2 and a lower part of an overhanging slab 4 provided to protrude outward from the lower end of the structure main body 2. And an air chamber 3 provided in the interior. The air chamber 3 is constituted by the overhang slab 4, a tip of the overhang slab 4, and a partition wall 5 extending vertically downward from the inside thereof, and is provided on the entire outer peripheral surface. The seismic isolation pit 6 used here has a cross-sectional area larger than the outer shape of the air chamber 3 of the floating seismic isolation structure 1 and a depth exceeding the height of the air chamber 3. It is formed in a square shape.
[0015]
According to the above-described configuration, the floating seismic isolation structure 1 is provided with the air chamber 3 below the structure body 2 and on the side, so that the position of the center of gravity of the entire floating seismic isolation structure 1 is determined. The air chamber 3 is provided at a distant position, so that the restoring performance can be improved and the locking can be eliminated.
[0016]
The air chamber 3 does not have to be provided on the entire outer peripheral portion of the structure main body 2 and may be provided at any position as long as the air chamber 3 is provided on the side portion below the structure main body 2. However, the shape of the seismic isolation pit 6 is changed accordingly. Further, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the center portion of the seismic isolation pit 6 is dug, and the structure body 2 is expanded downward to lower the position of the center of gravity of the floating type seismic isolation structure 1 as a whole. Thus, a configuration in which the restoring force is further enhanced may be employed. Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 (c) and 2 (d), a side structure may be constructed in the upper part of the air chamber 3.
[0017]
(Second embodiment of the present invention)
3 and 4 show examples of further improving the seismic isolation performance of the floating body seismic isolation structure 1 shown in the first embodiment. 3 (a) (b) and FIG. 4 (b) and FIG. 2 (a), (b), FIG. 3 (d), and FIG. As shown in a), (b), (c), and (d), an extension piece 5a is provided at each lower end portion of the partition wall 5 in each air chamber 3 so as to be orthogonal to the partition wall 5. ing.
[0018]
The extension piece 5a is attached for the purpose of increasing the weight of the floating seismic isolation structure 1 during movement, and by increasing the weight of the floating body isolation structure 1 during the lower movement. The natural period is prolonged and the seismic isolation performance is improved. In the second embodiment of the present invention, the extending piece 5 a is provided at the lower end portion of the partition wall 5. However, the extension piece 5 a may be provided at an intermediate portion of the partition wall 5.
[0019]
According to such a structure, since the floating body type seismic isolation structure 1 is given additional weight by the said extension piece 5a, the weight of the whole floating body type seismic isolation structure 1 increases, and seismic isolation performance is improved. It becomes possible to improve. The extension piece 5a may be arranged in the air chamber 3. However, if the extension piece 5a is arranged in the fluid 7, the fluid moves together with the extension piece 5a, and the weight is increased as an apparent increase. Since it can be transmitted to the structure 1, the weight of the floating body type seismic isolation structure 1 is increased in a pseudo manner, and the seismic isolation performance can be further improved.
[0020]
Note that the shape of the extension piece 5a is not particularly limited, but the fluid 7 moves together with the extension piece 5a when the floating seismic isolation structure 1 exhibits a behavior in the vertical direction. If the shape can be weight, the effect is great.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
The floating seismic isolation structure according to claim 1 is a floating seismic isolation structure having seismic isolation properties by floating in a fluid, the floating seismic isolation structure comprising: a structure main body; and An air chamber provided on the side of the structure main body, the air chamber being mounted horizontally from the outer wall of the structure main body, and a vertically downward direction from the tip of the overhang slab Since it is comprised with the extending partition, since the gravity center point of the whole floating body type seismic isolation structure can be lowered | hung below, while improving stability of a structure main body, it becomes possible to improve restoration performance.
[0022]
Since the floating body type seismic isolation structure according to claim 2 is provided with a structure above the air chamber, the space of the structure main body is improved while improving the stability and restoration performance of the structure main body. It becomes possible to take widely.
[0023]
Since the floating type seismic isolation structure according to claim 3 is provided with an extension piece on the partition wall so as to be orthogonal to the partition wall, an additional weight is given by the extension piece. The total weight of the base isolation structure increases, and the base isolation performance can be improved. In addition, if the extension piece is arranged in the fluid, the water around the extension piece can be transmitted to the floating type seismic isolation structure as the weight during movement, so that the pseudo floating type base isolation structure As a result, the seismic isolation performance can be further improved.
[0024]
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a view showing a floating structure in which an air chamber is provided in a side portion of a structure body according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing another example of a floating structure in which an air chamber is provided in a side portion of a structure body according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example in which a floating structure provided with an air chamber in a side portion of a structure main body according to the present invention has a long period.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another example in which a floating structure provided with an air chamber in the side portion of the structure body according to the present invention has a long period.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an outline of a conventional floating structure.
[0025]
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Floating structure 2 Structure body 3 Air chamber 4 Overhang slab 5 Bulkhead 5a Extension piece 10 Structure

Claims (3)

流体中に浮揚することにより免震性を有する浮体式免震構造物であって、
該浮体式免震構造物は、構造物本体と、該構造物本体の側方に設けられた空気室とよりなり、
該空気室が、前記構造物本体の外壁より水平に取り付けられた張出スラブと、該張出スラブの先端部より鉛直下方向に延びる隔壁とより構成されることを特徴とする浮体式免震構造物。
It is a floating seismic isolation structure that has seismic isolation by levitation in fluid,
The floating body type seismic isolation structure includes a structure main body and an air chamber provided on a side of the structure main body.
Floating-type seismic isolation characterized in that the air chamber is composed of an overhanging slab attached horizontally from the outer wall of the structure main body and a partition wall extending vertically downward from the tip of the overhanging slab Structure.
請求項1に記載の浮体式免震構造物において、
前記空気室の上方には、構造物が設けられることを特徴とする浮体式免震構造物。
In the floating type seismic isolation structure according to claim 1,
A floating seismic isolation structure characterized in that a structure is provided above the air chamber.
請求項1または2に記載の浮体式免震構造物において、
前記隔壁には、該隔壁と直交するように延出片が設けられることを特徴とする浮体式免震構造物。
In the floating type seismic isolation structure according to claim 1 or 2,
An extension piece is provided on the partition wall so as to be orthogonal to the partition wall.
JP2001388945A 2001-12-21 2001-12-21 Floating structure Expired - Fee Related JP3894476B2 (en)

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