JP3893113B2 - Sleepers for long branches - Google Patents

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JP3893113B2
JP3893113B2 JP2003035738A JP2003035738A JP3893113B2 JP 3893113 B2 JP3893113 B2 JP 3893113B2 JP 2003035738 A JP2003035738 A JP 2003035738A JP 2003035738 A JP2003035738 A JP 2003035738A JP 3893113 B2 JP3893113 B2 JP 3893113B2
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sleeper
synthetic
reinforcing plate
rear side
synthetic sleeper
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JP2004244920A (en
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国昭 大西
高志 山下
元隆 宇野
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Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd
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Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd
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【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、鉄道軌道等の分岐部に用いられる長尺分岐部用枕木に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般に、鉄道軌道の分岐部においては、分岐部の種類(片開き分岐、両開き分岐、振り分け分岐、乗り越し分岐、複分岐、3分岐、3線式分岐、ダイヤモンドクロッシング、シーサースクロッシングなど)に応じ、6〜9mもの長さの長尺枕木が必要とされる。
【0003】
しかし、過密市街地、高架橋部、あるいは防音壁などで囲まれた場所においては、上記6〜9mもの長尺の枕木を一体物で取り扱うと作業性の低下が余儀なくされ、特に、枕木の交換作業が極めて困難となる。
【0004】
そこで、旧来より、図4に示すように、枕木a,bの端部を突き合わせ、その部分をボルト挿通孔c1をあけた鉄板cで上下から挟み、この鉄板cと枕木a,bを挿通してボルトナットで締結する枕木の接続構造や、図5に示すように、枕木a,bが釘打ちできる材料からなる場合には、それらの端部を突き合わせ、その部分の上部にまたがるように犬釘挿通孔をあけた鋼製の補強板fを載せ、この補強板fの犬釘挿通孔より犬釘eを枕木a,bに打ち込むとともに、その部分の枕木a,bの各端部にL字状金具fを釘gを打ち込んで固定し、L字状金具f間をボルトナットhで締結する枕木の接続構造が採用されている。
【0005】
しかしながら、このような従来の枕木の接続構造では、それぞれ、分岐部の複雑な位置に敷設されるレールに接触しない位置に鉄板cや鋼製の補強板dやL字状金具gを配設する必要があるので、長さの異なる枕木a,bを多数準備する必要がある上に、接続作業も大変面倒であった。
【0006】
ところで、本願出願人は、枕木として、汎用のブナ材などに代え、長繊維で補強した熱硬化性樹脂発泡体からなる合成木材を用いたものを製造販売しており、かかる合成木材を用いた場合においても優れた曲げ強度が得られるように、現在までに種々の改良を行っている(例えば、特許文献1,2参照)。
【0007】
しかしながら、図6や図7に示すような合成枕木の接続方法、つまり、互いに接続される対の合成枕木m,nの長手方向端部をぞれぞれ互いにテーパー面m2,n2を有する相補形状に形成し、現場施工時に対の合成枕木m,nの端部m1,n1同士を接合すると共に、この接合面の前後側面に補強材p,qを接着し、双方の合成枕木m,nに長手方向に係合させる方法を採用した長尺分岐部用枕木を、鉄道軌道の分岐部に敷設し、その上に分岐部のレールを敷設して使用した場合、次のような問題点があることが判明した。
尚、図6に示す例では、補強材p,qが合成枕木m,nの前後側面から突出しており、図7に示す例では、補強材p,qが合成枕木m,nの前後側面と面一にされている。
【0008】
即ち、このような長尺分岐部用枕木に、分岐部のレール上を通過する列車荷重が繰り返し作用したとき、前後側面の補強材p,qの、対の合成枕木m,nのテーパー面m2,n2の延長面上の平行をなす斜め下方に向かう面に沿って亀裂Kが発生し易いという現象があることが判明した。この原因の詳細は定かではないが、通過する列車荷重の上下振動に基づく合成枕木m,nのテーパー面m2,n2に作用する剪断応力を当初は補強材p,qが押さえ込んでいるが、長期間使用しているうちに補強材p,qが疲労破壊して亀裂発生へとつながるのではないかと推測される。
【0009】
更に、枕木がスラブ面上に直結軌道として敷設されている場合には、枕木の下面とスラブ面との間隔が2〜3cmと狭い上に、枕木の下面周辺に充填剤を流し込んで、支持ブロックを形成する必要があり、従来の金具による接合では施工し難いという欠点があった。
【0010】
【特許文献1】
特開2001−88215号公報
【特許文献2】
特開2001−159329号公報
【0011】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
そこで、本発明は、現場において接続位置を位置決めするという煩雑さを解消することができ、かつ直結軌道にも好適な様に、2本の接合部の断面が枕木の断面と同一である場合でも、十分な曲げ強度と耐久性を確保することができる長尺分岐用枕木を提供することを目的としてなされたものである。
【0012】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本願の請求項1に記載の発明は、2本以上の合成枕木の互いに相補形状に形成された長手方向端部同士が突き合わされて接続された接続部を有する長尺分岐部用枕木あって、合成枕木の一端部はその下面に先端側にしたがって徐々に上方に傾斜するテーパー面を有するように形成され、合成枕木の他端部はその上面に先端側にしたがって徐々に下方に傾斜するテーパー面を有するように形成されており、上記接続部の前後側面に合成木材の両端部に亘って補強板が固接されており、更に、その前後側面補強板の前後側面と、一方の合成枕木の基部前後側面に亘ってFRP補強材が被覆されている長尺分岐部用枕木である。
【0013】
本願の請求項2に記載の発明は、上記接続部の上下面に合成枕木の両端部に亘って上下面補強板が固接されている請求項1に記載の長尺分岐部用枕木である。
【0014】
本願の請求項3に記載の発明は、下面補強板の下面と一方の合成枕木の基部下面に亘ってFRP補強材が被覆されている請求項2に記載の長尺分岐部用枕木である。
【0015】
本発明において、合成枕木や補強板としては、長手方向に向けて埋設した長繊維で補強した樹脂(これを「合成木材」という)からなるもの等が使用され、ガラス長繊維を長手方向に引き揃えて埋設した熱硬化性樹脂発泡体〔FFU(登録商標)〕からなるものが好ましく、合成木材単体からなるものであってもよいし、合成木材と樹脂発泡板を積層した複合材からなるものであってもよい。
【0016】
本発明において、FRP補強材としては、繊維強化硬質合成樹脂からなるものが使用され、ガラスマット(M)とガラスロービング(R)とを交互に3層以上積層した状態にて硬質合成樹脂中に埋設したものが好ましい。その厚さは、2〜3mm以上が好ましく、4〜5mm以上がより好ましい。
【0017】
【作用】
本発明の長尺分岐部用枕木は、合成枕木の一端部はその下面に先端側にしたがって徐々に上方に傾斜するテーパー面を有するように形成され、合成枕木の他端部はその上面に先端側にしたがって徐々に下方に傾斜するテーパー面を有するように形成されており、上記接続部の前後側面に合成木材の両端部に亘って補強板が固接されており、更に、その前後側面補強板の前後側面と、一方の合成枕木の基部前後側面に亘ってFRP補強材が被覆されていることにより、通過する列車荷重の上下振動が合成枕木のテーパー面に剪断応力として繰り返し作用しても、この剪断応力を前後側面補強板が長期間にわたって疲労破壊することなく押さえ込むことができる。
【0018】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面を参照して説明する。
図1は、本発明の長尺分岐部用枕木の一例を示す説明図であり、図2は図1にに示す長尺分岐部用枕木の製造を説明する説明図である。
図1及び図2に示すように、この長尺分岐部用枕木は、一対の合成枕木1,2と、上面補強板31と、下面補強板32と、前側面補強板33と、後側面補強板34と、FRP補強材4からなる。
【0019】
合成枕木1,2は、ガラス長繊維を長手方向に引き揃えて埋設した熱硬化性樹脂発泡体〔FFU(登録商標)〕からなる。なお、合成枕木1,2の長繊維方向は長手方向(枕木長手方向)に揃えられている。これら合成枕木1,2の接続された端部11,21はそれぞれ互いに相補形状となされている。
【0020】
一方の合成枕木1の一端部11は、その下面に先端側にしたがって徐々に上方に傾斜するテーパー面111が形成されている。このテーパー面111の傾斜角は、図示例では9°としているが、所望の角度とすることができる。端部11の先端面は略垂直に加工されている。端部11の上面の先端側に、上面補強板装着凹部112が形成されている。端部11の下面のテーパー面111よりも中央側に、下面補強板装着凹部113が形成されている。端部11の前後側面に前後側面補強板装着凹部114,115が形成されている。端部11の略中央部に上下方向に貫通する第1の埋栓孔116が設けられ、上面補強板装着凹部112の部位に上下方向に貫通する第2の埋栓孔117が設けられており、下面補強板装着凹部113の部位に下方から上方に向けて第3の埋栓孔118が設けられている。また、端部11には、前後方向に貫通する3個の第4の埋栓孔119が設けられている。一方の合成枕木1の他端部(図示せず)、後記の他方の合成枕木2の他端部21と同様の形状に形成されている。
【0021】
他方の合成枕木2の他端部21は、その上面に先端側にしたがって徐々に下方に傾斜するテーパー面211が形成されており、このテーパー面211は、一方の合成枕木1のテーパー面111に相対するように形成されている。端部21の先端面は略垂直に加工されている。端部21の下面の先端側に、下面補強板装着凹部213が形成されている。端部21の上面のテーパー面211よりも中央側に、上面補強板装着凹部212が形成されている。端部21の両側面に前後側面補強板装着凹部214,215が形成されている。端部21の略中央部に上下方向に貫通する第1の埋栓孔216が設けられ、下面補強板装着凹部213の部位に上下方向に貫通する第2の埋栓孔217が設けられており、上面補強板装着凹部212の部位に上方から下方に向けて第3の埋栓孔218が設けられている。また、端部21には、前後方向に貫通する3個の第4の埋栓孔219が設けられている。他方の合成枕木1の一端部(図示せず)、前記の一方の合成枕木1の他端部11と同様の形状に形成されている。
【0022】
補強板31〜34は、一対の合成枕木1,2の端部11,12同士の突き合わせ接合部の周囲にまたがるように固着される、ガラス長繊維を長手方向に引き揃えて埋設した熱硬化性樹脂発泡体〔FFU(登録商標)〕からなる補強板である。
【0023】
上面補強板31は、一方の合成枕木1の上面補強板装着凹溝112と他方の合成枕木2の上面補強板装着凹溝212内にまたがるように装着される大きさと厚さを有している。
上面補強板31には、一方の合成枕木の第1の埋栓孔116に相対することになる位置に第1の埋栓孔311が設けられ、他方の第3の埋栓孔218に相対することになる位置に第2の埋栓孔312が設けられている。
【0024】
下面補強板32は、一方の合成枕木1の下面補強板装着凹溝113と他方の合成枕木2の下面補強板装着凹溝213内にまたがるように装着される大きさと厚さを有している。
下面補強板32には、他方の第1の埋栓孔216に相対することになる位置に第1の埋栓孔311が設けられ、一方の合成枕木の第3の埋栓孔116に相対することになる位置に第2の埋栓孔312が設けられている。
【0025】
前側面補強板33は、一方の合成枕木1の前側面補強板装着凹溝114と他方の合成枕木2の前側面補強板装着凹溝214内にまたがるように装着される大きさと厚さを有している。
後側面補強板34は、一方の合成枕木1の前側面補強板装着凹溝115と他方の合成枕木2の前側面補強板装着凹溝215内にまたがるように装着される大きさと厚さを有している。
前側面補強板33及び後側面補強板34の一方の合成枕木1の第4の埋栓孔119と他方の合成枕木1の第4の埋栓孔219に相対することになる位置に第2の埋栓孔が設けられている。
【0026】
一対の合成木材1,2の端部11,21の接合面(即ち、テーパー面111,211並びに略垂直面)に接着剤が塗布され、これら接合面同士が突き合わされて接着されている。
一方の合成枕木1の上面補強板装着凹部112と他方の合成枕木2の上面補強板装着凹部212にまたがるようにして、上面補強板31が接着剤にて固接されている。上面補強板31の上面は、一方の合成枕木1の端部以外の上面と他方の合成枕木2の端部以外の上面と面一となされている。
一方の合成枕木1の下面補強板装着凹部113と他方の合成枕木2の下面補強板装着凹部213にまたがるようにして、下面補強板32が接着剤にて固接されている。上面補強板32の下面は、一方の合成枕木1の端部以外の下面と他方の合成枕木2の端部以外の下面と面一となされている。
【0027】
一方の合成枕木1の前側面補強板装着凹部114と他方の合成枕木2の下面補強板装着凹部214にまたがるようにして、前面補強板33が接着剤にて固接されている。上面補強板33の前面は、一方の合成枕木1の端部以外の前面と他方の合成枕木2の端部以外の前面と面一となされている。
一方の合成枕木1の後面側補強板装着凹部115と他方の合成枕木2の後側面補強板装着凹部215にまたがるようにして、後側面補強板34が接着剤にて固接されている。上面補強板34の後面は、一方の合成枕木1の端部以外の後面と他方の合成枕木2の端部以外の後面と面一となされている。
【0028】
更に、前後側面補強板33,34の側面の一半部と、一方の合成枕木1の基部前後側面に亘ってFRP補強材4が被覆されて、本発明の長尺分岐部用枕木が形成されている。
なお、前後側面補強板33,34の長さを600mm程度としたときのFRP補強材4によって被覆される一方の合成枕木1の端部に隣接する基部の前後側面の長さは、100〜200mm程度が好ましい。また、FRP補強材4によって被覆される前後側面補強板33,34の長さは300mm程度が好ましい。
また、下面補強板32の下面と、一方の合成枕木1の基部下面に亘っても、FRP補強材が被覆されているのが好ましい。
【0029】
なお、上記の長尺分岐用枕木において、他方の合成枕木2と上面補強板31とが一体物からなり、一方の合成枕木1と下面補強板32とが一体物からなるものであっても構わない。
【0030】
以下、図1に示す長尺分岐部用枕木の製造工程を、図2を参照しつつ説明する。
まず、最初の工程にて、図2(a)に示すように、他方の合成枕木2の上面補強板装着凹溝212に上面補強板31の一半部を接着剤にて接着するとともに、上面補強板31の第2の埋栓孔312と他方の合成枕木2の第3の埋栓孔218に埋栓を押し込んで、両者間を固着した状態となしておく。
また、一方の合成枕木1の下面補強板装着凹溝113に下面補強板32の一半部を接着剤にて接着するとともに、下面補強板32の第2の埋栓孔322と一方の合成枕木1の第3の埋栓孔118に埋栓を押し込んで両者間を固着した状態となしておく。
次に、一方の合成枕木1のテーパー面111、先端面及び上面補強板装着凹溝112に接着剤を塗布するとともに、他方の合成枕木2のテーパー面211、先端面及び下面補強板装着凹溝213に接着剤を塗布する。
【0031】
第2工程にて、図2(b)に示すように、この状態の一方の合成枕木1の端部11と他方の合成枕木2の端部21とを相互に突き合わせるように嵌め込むとともに、上面補強板31の第1の埋栓孔311と一方の合成枕木1の第2の埋栓孔117と他方の合成枕木2の第1の埋栓孔216とに埋栓を打ち込んで、一方の合成枕木1のテーパー面111と他方の合成枕木2のテーパー面211間、上面補強板31の他半部と一方の合成枕木1の上面補強板装着凹溝112間、及び下面補強板32と他方の合成枕木2の下面補強板装着凹溝213間などの相対する面間を接着するとともに埋栓にて固着した状態となす。
【0032】
第3工程にて、図2(c)に示す〔図2(a)参照〕ように、一方の合成枕木1の前側面補強板装着凹溝114と他方の合成枕木2の前側面補強板装着凹溝214に接着剤を塗布して、その部分にまたがるように前側面補強板33を当接し、前側面補強板33の第3の埋栓孔から、一方の合成枕木1の第4の埋栓孔119、他方の合成枕木2の第4の埋栓孔219に向けて埋栓を打ち込んで、相対する面間を接着するとともに埋栓にて固着した状態となす。
同様に、一方の合成枕木1の後側面補強板装着凹溝115と他方の合成枕木2の後側面補強板装着凹溝215に接着剤を塗布して、その部分にまたがるように後側面補強板34を当接し、後側面補強板34の第3の埋栓孔から、一方の合成枕木1の第4の埋栓孔、他方の合成枕木2の第4の埋栓孔に向けて埋栓を打ち込んで、相対する面間を接着するとともに埋栓にて固着した状態となす。
【0033】
最後の工程にて、図2(d)に示すように、前後側面補強板33,34の側面の一半部と、一方の合成枕木1の端部に隣接する基部の前後側面に亘って、FRP補強材4によって被覆する。
【0034】
図3は、上下面及び前後側面補強板の形成例の説明図であって、一方向に引き揃えられた状態にて長繊維が埋設された繊維強化プラスチック製の板材3Aの両面に、ガラスマット(M)とガラスロービング(R)とを交互に3層以上積層した状態にて硬質合成樹脂中に埋設したFRP補強層3B,3Bが積層されたものである。このような構造の補強板は、板材3Aの両面に、板材3A中の長繊維の引き揃え方向と直交する方向に補強繊維が埋設された状態のFRP補強層3B,3Bで強化されているので、強度の方向バランスがよくなり、疲労強度が向上する。従って、この補強板を接合部の組立部材として用いると、接合部の強度向上に寄与する。
【0035】
図3に示すような補強板(両面のFRP補強層3B,3Bを、ガラスマット(M)とガラスロービング(R)とを交互に3層としたものと、5層としたもの)を用いた場合の、図1に示す長尺分岐用枕木の接合部における曲げ強度を試験した結果を表1に示す。なお、比較のために、補強板として、補強層のないものを用いた場合を比較例として示す。
【0036】
【表1】

Figure 0003893113
【0037】
【発明の効果】
本発明の長尺分岐部用枕木は、上記の構成とされているので、現場において接続位置を位置決めするという煩雑さを解消することができ、かつ十分な曲げ強度と耐久性を確保することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の長尺分岐用枕木の一例を示す斜視図である。
【図2】図1に示す長尺分岐用枕木の製造方法を説明する説明図であり、(a)はその最初の工程を説明する正面図、(b)はその第2工程を説明する正面図、(c)は第3工程を説明する平面図、(d)は最後の工程を説明する正面図である。
【図3】本発明における上下面及び前後側面補強板の、FRP補強層の形成例の説明図である。
【図4】従来の枕木の接続構造の一例を示す斜視図である。
【図5】従来の枕木の接続構造の別の例を示す斜視図である。
【図6】従来の枕木の接続構造の更に別の例を示す斜視図である。
【図7】従来の枕木の接続構造の更に別の例を示す斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
1,2 合成枕木
3 補強板
3A 板材
3B FRP補強層
4 FRP補強材
11,21 端部
31 上面補強板
32 下面補強板
33 前側面補強板
34 後側面補強板
111,211 テーパー面
112,212 上面補強板装着凹部
113,213 下面補強板装着凹部
114,214 前側面補強板装着凹部
115,215 後側面補強板装着凹部[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a sleeper for a long branch portion used for a branch portion of a railway track or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generally, in the branch part of a railway track, depending on the type of the branch part (single-open branch, double-open branch, distribution branch, crossover branch, double branch, three-branch, three-wire branch, diamond crossing, seaser crossing, etc.) Long sleepers as long as 6-9m are required.
[0003]
However, in an overcrowded urban area, a viaduct, or a soundproof wall, handling the 6 to 9 m long sleepers as a single unit will result in a decrease in workability. It becomes extremely difficult.
[0004]
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, from the past, the ends of the sleepers a and b are brought into contact with each other, and the portion is sandwiched from above and below by an iron plate c having a bolt insertion hole c1, and the iron plate c and the sleepers a and b are inserted. If the sleepers a and b are made of a material that can be nailed, as shown in FIG. 5, the ends of the sleepers abut each other, and the dog nail so as to straddle the upper part of the part. A steel reinforcing plate f with an insertion hole is placed, and a dog nail e is driven into the sleepers a and b through the dog nail insertion hole of the reinforcing plate f, and an L-shaped bracket is attached to each end of the sleepers a and b in that portion. A sleeper connection structure is adopted in which f is fixed by driving a nail g and the L-shaped metal fittings f are fastened by bolts and nuts h.
[0005]
However, in such a conventional sleeper connection structure, the iron plate c, the steel reinforcing plate d, and the L-shaped metal fitting g are disposed at positions that do not contact the rails laid at the complicated positions of the branch portions. Since it is necessary, it is necessary to prepare a number of sleepers a and b having different lengths, and the connecting work is very troublesome.
[0006]
By the way, the applicant of the present application manufactures and sells a sleeper using synthetic wood made of a thermosetting resin foam reinforced with long fibers instead of a general-purpose beech material. Various improvements have been made so far (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2) so that excellent bending strength can be obtained even in some cases.
[0007]
However, the method of connecting synthetic sleepers as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, that is, complementary shapes having tapered surfaces m2 and n2 at the longitudinal ends of the pair of synthetic sleepers m and n connected to each other, respectively. The ends m1 and n1 of the pair of synthetic sleepers m and n are joined to each other at the time of construction in the field, and the reinforcing materials p and q are bonded to the front and rear side surfaces of the joined surfaces to both the synthetic sleepers m and n. When sleepers for long branches using a method of engaging in the longitudinal direction are laid on a branch part of a railroad track, and a rail of a branch part is laid on it, there are the following problems It has been found.
In the example shown in FIG. 6, the reinforcing materials p and q protrude from the front and rear side surfaces of the synthetic sleepers m and n. In the example shown in FIG. Being flush.
[0008]
That is, when a train load passing over the rail of the branch portion is repeatedly applied to the sleeper for the long branch portion, the tapered surfaces m2 of the pair of synthetic sleepers m and n of the reinforcing members p and q on the front and rear sides are provided. , N2 has been found to have a phenomenon that cracks K are likely to occur along a parallel and obliquely downward surface on the extended surface of n2. Although details of this cause are not clear, the reinforcing materials p and q initially suppress the shear stress acting on the tapered surfaces m2 and n2 of the synthetic sleepers m and n based on the vertical vibration of the passing train load. It is presumed that the reinforcing materials p and q may be fatigued and cracked during the period of use.
[0009]
Furthermore, when the sleepers are laid as a direct track on the slab surface, the space between the lower surface of the sleepers and the slab surface is as narrow as 2 to 3 cm, and a filler is poured around the lower surface of the sleepers to support blocks There is a disadvantage that it is difficult to construct by joining with conventional metal fittings.
[0010]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2001-88215 A [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-159329
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, the present invention can eliminate the complication of positioning the connection position in the field, and is suitable for a direct track, even when the cross section of the two joints is the same as the cross section of the sleeper. The present invention has been made for the purpose of providing a long branch sleeper that can ensure sufficient bending strength and durability.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention according to claim 1 of the present application is a sleeper for a long branch portion having a connecting portion in which longitudinal end portions formed in a complementary shape with each other in two or more synthetic sleepers are abutted and connected to each other. One end of the synthetic sleeper is formed to have a tapered surface that gradually slopes upward on the lower surface according to the tip side, and the other end of the synthetic sleeper is a tapered surface that gradually slopes downward on the upper surface according to the tip side. The reinforcing plate is fixed to both ends of the synthetic wood on the front and rear side surfaces of the connecting portion, and the front and rear side surfaces of the front and rear side reinforcing plates and one synthetic sleeper This is a sleeper for a long branch portion in which an FRP reinforcing material is coated over the front and rear side surfaces of the base portion.
[0013]
The invention according to claim 2 of the present application is the sleeper for a long branch portion according to claim 1, wherein the upper and lower surface reinforcing plates are fixed to the upper and lower surfaces of the connecting portion over both ends of the synthetic sleeper. .
[0014]
Invention of Claim 3 of this application is a sleeper for long branch parts of Claim 2 with which the FRP reinforcement material is coat | covered over the lower surface of a lower surface reinforcement board, and the base lower surface of one synthetic sleeper.
[0015]
In the present invention, synthetic sleepers and reinforcing plates are made of a resin reinforced with long fibers embedded in the longitudinal direction (this is called “synthetic wood”), and the long glass fibers are drawn in the longitudinal direction. It is preferably made of a thermosetting resin foam [FFU (registered trademark)] embedded in a uniform manner, and may be made of synthetic wood alone or a composite material in which synthetic wood and a resin foam plate are laminated. It may be.
[0016]
In the present invention, as the FRP reinforcing material, one made of fiber reinforced hard synthetic resin is used, and in the hard synthetic resin in a state where three or more layers of glass mat (M) and glass roving (R) are alternately laminated. What was embed | buried is preferable. The thickness is preferably 2 to 3 mm or more, and more preferably 4 to 5 mm or more.
[0017]
[Action]
The sleeper for a long branching portion of the present invention is formed such that one end portion of the synthetic sleeper has a tapered surface inclined gradually upward on the lower surface thereof according to the distal end side, and the other end portion of the synthetic sleeper is formed on the upper surface thereof. It is formed so as to have a tapered surface that gradually slopes downward according to the side, and a reinforcing plate is firmly attached to the front and rear side surfaces of the connecting portion over both ends of the synthetic wood, and the front and rear side surface reinforcements are further provided. By covering the front and back sides of the board and the front and back sides of the base of one synthetic sleeper, even if the vertical vibration of the passing train load repeatedly acts as a shear stress on the taper surface of the synthetic sleeper The front and rear side reinforcing plates can suppress the shear stress for a long time without causing fatigue failure.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an example of a sleeper for a long branch portion according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory view for explaining the manufacture of a sleeper for a long branch portion shown in FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the long branch sleeper includes a pair of synthetic sleepers 1, 2, an upper reinforcing plate 31, a lower reinforcing plate 32, a front side reinforcing plate 33, and a rear side reinforcing member. It consists of a plate 34 and an FRP reinforcement 4.
[0019]
The synthetic sleepers 1 and 2 are made of a thermosetting resin foam [FFU (registered trademark)] in which long glass fibers are aligned and embedded in the longitudinal direction. The long fiber directions of the synthetic sleepers 1 and 2 are aligned in the longitudinal direction (longitudinal direction of the sleepers). The ends 11 and 21 to which the synthetic sleepers 1 and 2 are connected are complementary to each other.
[0020]
One end 11 of one synthetic sleeper 1 is formed with a tapered surface 111 that gradually slopes upward on the lower surface according to the tip side. Although the inclination angle of the tapered surface 111 is 9 ° in the illustrated example, it can be set to a desired angle. The tip surface of the end portion 11 is processed substantially vertically. An upper surface reinforcing plate mounting recess 112 is formed on the distal end side of the upper surface of the end portion 11. A lower surface reinforcing plate mounting recess 113 is formed on the center side of the lower surface of the end portion 11 with respect to the tapered surface 111. Front and rear side reinforcing plate mounting recesses 114 and 115 are formed on the front and rear side surfaces of the end portion 11. A first plug hole 116 penetrating in the vertical direction is provided in a substantially central portion of the end portion 11, and a second plug hole 117 penetrating in the vertical direction is provided in a portion of the upper surface reinforcing plate mounting recess 112. In addition, a third plug hole 118 is provided in the lower surface reinforcing plate mounting recess 113 from the bottom to the top. The end portion 11 is provided with three fourth plug holes 119 penetrating in the front-rear direction. It is formed in the same shape as the other end portion (not shown) of one synthetic sleeper 1 and the other end portion 21 of the other synthetic sleeper 2 described later.
[0021]
The other end 21 of the other synthetic sleeper 2 has a tapered surface 211 that is gradually inclined downward on the upper surface according to the tip side. This tapered surface 211 is formed on the tapered surface 111 of one synthetic sleeper 1. It is formed so as to face each other. The tip surface of the end 21 is processed substantially vertically. A lower surface reinforcing plate mounting recess 213 is formed on the front end side of the lower surface of the end portion 21. On the center side of the tapered surface 211 on the upper surface of the end portion 21, an upper surface reinforcing plate mounting recess 212 is formed. Front and rear side reinforcing plate mounting recesses 214 and 215 are formed on both side surfaces of the end portion 21. A first plug hole 216 penetrating in the vertical direction is provided in a substantially central portion of the end portion 21, and a second plug hole 217 penetrating in the vertical direction is provided in a portion of the lower surface reinforcing plate mounting recess 213. The third embedding hole 218 is provided in the upper surface reinforcing plate mounting recess 212 from the upper side to the lower side. Further, the end portion 21 is provided with three fourth plug holes 219 penetrating in the front-rear direction. One end (not shown) of the other synthetic sleeper 1 and the other end 11 of the one synthetic sleeper 1 are formed in the same shape.
[0022]
The reinforcing plates 31 to 34 are fixed so as to straddle the periphery of the butt joint between the end portions 11 and 12 of the pair of synthetic sleepers 1 and 2, and are thermosetting that is embedded by aligning long glass fibers in the longitudinal direction. A reinforcing plate made of a resin foam [FFU (registered trademark)].
[0023]
The upper surface reinforcing plate 31 has a size and a thickness so as to be mounted so as to straddle the upper surface reinforcing plate mounting concave groove 112 of one synthetic sleeper 1 and the upper surface reinforcing plate mounting concave groove 212 of the other synthetic sleeper 2. .
The top reinforcing plate 31 is provided with a first embedding hole 311 at a position facing the first embedding hole 116 of one synthetic sleeper, and opposed to the other third embedding hole 218. A second plug hole 312 is provided at a different position.
[0024]
The lower surface reinforcing plate 32 has a size and a thickness so as to be mounted so as to straddle the lower surface reinforcing plate mounting groove 113 of one synthetic sleeper 1 and the lower surface reinforcing plate mounting groove 213 of the other synthetic sleeper 2. .
The bottom reinforcing plate 32 is provided with a first plug hole 311 at a position facing the other first plug hole 216, and is opposed to the third plug hole 116 of one synthetic sleeper. A second plug hole 312 is provided at a different position.
[0025]
The front side reinforcing plate 33 has a size and a thickness so as to be mounted so as to straddle the front side reinforcing plate mounting concave groove 114 of one synthetic sleeper 1 and the front side reinforcing plate mounting concave groove 214 of the other synthetic sleeper 2. is doing.
The rear side reinforcing plate 34 has a size and a thickness that is mounted so as to straddle the front side reinforcing plate mounting concave groove 115 of one synthetic sleeper 1 and the front side reinforcing plate mounting concave groove 215 of the other synthetic sleeper 2. is doing.
The front side reinforcing plate 33 and the rear side reinforcing plate 34 are positioned at positions opposite to the fourth plug hole 119 of one synthetic sleeper 1 and the fourth plug hole 219 of the other synthetic sleeper 1. A plug hole is provided.
[0026]
An adhesive is applied to the joint surfaces (that is, the tapered surfaces 111 and 211 and the substantially vertical surfaces) of the end portions 11 and 21 of the pair of synthetic woods 1 and 2, and the joint surfaces are abutted and bonded to each other.
The upper surface reinforcing plate 31 is firmly attached with an adhesive so as to straddle the upper surface reinforcing plate mounting recess 112 of one synthetic sleeper 1 and the upper surface reinforcing plate mounting recess 212 of the other synthetic sleeper 2. The upper surface of the upper reinforcing plate 31 is flush with the upper surface other than the end of one synthetic sleeper 1 and the upper surface other than the end of the other synthetic sleeper 2.
The lower surface reinforcing plate 32 is firmly attached with an adhesive so as to straddle the lower surface reinforcing plate mounting recess 113 of one synthetic sleeper 1 and the lower surface reinforcing plate mounting recess 213 of the other synthetic sleeper 2. The lower surface of the upper reinforcing plate 32 is flush with the lower surface other than the end of one synthetic sleeper 1 and the lower surface other than the end of the other synthetic sleeper 2.
[0027]
The front reinforcing plate 33 is firmly attached with an adhesive so as to straddle the front side reinforcing plate mounting recess 114 of one synthetic sleeper 1 and the lower surface reinforcing plate mounting recess 214 of the other synthetic sleeper 2. The front surface of the upper surface reinforcing plate 33 is flush with the front surface other than the end portion of one synthetic sleeper 1 and the front surface other than the end portion of the other synthetic sleeper 2.
The rear side reinforcing plate 34 is firmly attached with an adhesive so as to straddle the rear side reinforcing plate mounting recess 115 of one synthetic sleeper 1 and the rear side reinforcing plate mounting recess 215 of the other synthetic sleeper 2. The rear surface of the upper reinforcing plate 34 is flush with the rear surface other than the end portion of one synthetic sleeper 1 and the rear surface other than the end portion of the other synthetic sleeper 2.
[0028]
Furthermore, the FRP reinforcing material 4 is covered over one half of the side surfaces of the front and rear side reinforcing plates 33 and 34 and the front and rear side surfaces of the base of one synthetic sleeper 1 to form the sleeper for the long branch portion of the present invention. Yes.
The length of the front and rear side surfaces of the base adjacent to the end of one synthetic sleeper 1 covered with the FRP reinforcing material 4 when the length of the front and rear side reinforcing plates 33 and 34 is about 600 mm is 100 to 200 mm. The degree is preferred. Moreover, the length of the front and rear side reinforcing plates 33 and 34 covered with the FRP reinforcing material 4 is preferably about 300 mm.
Moreover, it is preferable that the FRP reinforcing material is also covered over the lower surface of the lower surface reinforcing plate 32 and the lower surface of the base portion of one synthetic sleeper 1.
[0029]
In addition, in the above-described long branch sleeper, the other synthetic sleeper 2 and the upper surface reinforcing plate 31 may be integrated, and the one synthetic sleeper 1 and the lower surface reinforcing plate 32 may be integrated. Absent.
[0030]
Hereafter, the manufacturing process of the sleeper for long branch parts shown in FIG. 1 is demonstrated, referring FIG.
First, in the first step, as shown in FIG. 2A, one half of the upper surface reinforcing plate 31 is adhered to the upper surface reinforcing plate mounting concave groove 212 of the other synthetic sleeper 2 with an adhesive, and the upper surface reinforcement is performed. The plug is pushed into the second plug hole 312 of the plate 31 and the third plug hole 218 of the other synthetic sleeper 2 so that the two are fixed.
Further, one half of the lower surface reinforcing plate 32 is adhered to the lower surface reinforcing plate mounting groove 113 of one synthetic sleeper 1 with an adhesive, and the second embedding hole 322 of the lower surface reinforcing plate 32 and one synthetic sleeper 1 are bonded. The plug is pushed into the third plug hole 118 and the two are fixed.
Next, an adhesive is applied to the tapered surface 111, the front end surface, and the upper surface reinforcing plate mounting groove 112 of one synthetic sleeper 1, and the tapered surface 211, the front surface, and the lower surface reinforcing plate mounting groove of the other synthetic sleeper 2 are applied. An adhesive is applied to 213.
[0031]
In the second step, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the end 11 of one synthetic sleeper 1 in this state and the end 21 of the other synthetic sleeper 2 are fitted so as to face each other, The plugs are driven into the first plug hole 311 of the upper reinforcing plate 31, the second plug hole 117 of one synthetic sleeper 1, and the first plug hole 216 of the other synthetic sleeper 2. Between the tapered surface 111 of the synthetic sleeper 1 and the tapered surface 211 of the other synthetic sleeper 2, between the other half of the upper reinforcing plate 31 and the upper reinforcing plate mounting groove 112 of one synthetic sleeper 1, and the lower reinforcing plate 32 and the other The opposite surfaces of the synthetic sleeper 2 such as between the lower surface reinforcing plate mounting grooves 213 are bonded and fixed with a plug.
[0032]
In the third step, as shown in FIG. 2C (see FIG. 2A), the front side reinforcing plate mounting concave groove 114 of one synthetic sleeper 1 and the front side reinforcing plate of the other synthetic sleeper 2 are mounted. An adhesive is applied to the concave groove 214, the front side reinforcing plate 33 is brought into contact with the groove 214, and the fourth embedding of one synthetic sleeper 1 is made from the third plug hole of the front side reinforcing plate 33. The plug is driven into the plug hole 119 and the fourth plug hole 219 of the other synthetic sleeper 2 so that the opposing surfaces are bonded and fixed with the plug.
Similarly, an adhesive is applied to the rear side reinforcing plate mounting concave groove 115 of one synthetic sleeper 1 and the rear side reinforcing plate mounting concave groove 215 of the other synthetic sleeper 2 so that the rear side reinforcing plate extends over the portion. 34, and the plug is inserted from the third plug hole of the rear side reinforcing plate 34 toward the fourth plug hole of one synthetic sleeper 1 and the fourth plug hole of the other synthetic sleeper 2. It is driven into a state where the opposing surfaces are bonded together and fixed with an embedding plug.
[0033]
In the last step, as shown in FIG. 2 (d), the FRP spans one half of the side surfaces of the front and rear side reinforcing plates 33 and 34 and the front and rear side surfaces of the base adjacent to the end of one synthetic sleeper 1. Cover with the reinforcing material 4.
[0034]
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of an example of forming upper and lower and front and rear side reinforcing plates, and glass mats are provided on both sides of a fiber reinforced plastic plate material 3A in which long fibers are embedded in a state of being aligned in one direction. FRP reinforcement layers 3B and 3B embedded in a hard synthetic resin in a state where three or more layers of (M) and glass roving (R) are alternately laminated are laminated. Since the reinforcing plate having such a structure is reinforced by the FRP reinforcing layers 3B and 3B in which reinforcing fibers are embedded in both directions of the plate material 3A in a direction orthogonal to the direction in which the long fibers in the plate material 3A are aligned. , The strength direction balance is improved, and the fatigue strength is improved. Therefore, when this reinforcing plate is used as an assembly member for the joint, it contributes to improving the strength of the joint.
[0035]
Reinforcing plates as shown in FIG. 3 (FRP reinforcing layers 3B and 3B on both sides having three layers of glass mat (M) and glass roving (R) alternately and five layers) were used. Table 1 shows the results of testing the bending strength at the joint part of the long branch sleeper shown in FIG. For comparison, a case where a reinforcing plate without a reinforcing layer is used is shown as a comparative example.
[0036]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003893113
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
Since the sleeper for a long branch portion of the present invention has the above-described configuration, it is possible to eliminate the trouble of positioning the connection position in the field, and to ensure sufficient bending strength and durability. it can.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a long branch sleeper according to the present invention.
FIGS. 2A and 2B are explanatory views for explaining a method of manufacturing the long branch sleeper shown in FIG. 1, wherein FIG. 2A is a front view illustrating the first step, and FIG. 2B is a front view illustrating the second step; FIG. 4C is a plan view for explaining the third step, and FIG. 4D is a front view for explaining the last step.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of an example of forming an FRP reinforcing layer on the upper and lower side and front and rear side reinforcing plates in the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of a conventional sleeper connection structure.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing another example of a conventional sleeper connection structure.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing still another example of a conventional sleeper connection structure.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing still another example of a conventional sleeper connection structure.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 2 Composite sleeper 3 Reinforcement plate 3A Plate material 3B FRP reinforcement layer 4 FRP reinforcement material 11, 21 End 31 Upper surface reinforcement plate 32 Lower surface reinforcement plate 33 Front side surface reinforcement plate 34 Rear side surface reinforcement plates 111, 211 Tapered surfaces 112, 212 Upper surface Reinforcing plate mounting recess 113, 213 Lower surface reinforcing plate mounting recess 114, 214 Front side reinforcing plate mounting recess 115, 215 Rear side reinforcing plate mounting recess

Claims (3)

2本以上の合成枕木の互いに相補形状に形成された長手方向端部同士が突き合わされて接続された接続部を有する長尺分岐部用枕木あって、合成枕木の一端部はその下面に先端側にしたがって徐々に上方に傾斜するテーパー面を有するように形成され、合成枕木の他端部はその上面に先端側にしたがって徐々に下方に傾斜するテーパー面を有するように形成されており、上記接続部の前後側面に合成木材の両端部に亘って補強板が固接されており、更に、その前後側面補強板の前後側面と、一方の合成枕木の基部前後側面に亘ってFRP補強材が被覆されていることを特徴とする長尺分岐部用枕木。There is a sleeper for a long branch portion having a connecting portion in which longitudinal ends formed in a complementary shape with each other are connected to each other, and one end portion of the synthetic sleeper is on the lower end side of the synthetic sleeper. The other end portion of the synthetic sleeper is formed to have a tapered surface that gradually slopes downward according to the tip side, and the above connection. Reinforcing plates are firmly attached to the front and rear side surfaces of the synthetic wood over both ends of the synthetic wood, and further, FRP reinforcing material covers the front and rear side surfaces of the front and rear side reinforcing plates and the front and rear side surfaces of the base of one synthetic sleeper. A long sleeper sleeper characterized by being made. 上記接続部の上下面に合成枕木の両端部に亘って上下面補強板が固接されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の長尺分岐部用枕木。The sleeper for a long branch part according to claim 1, wherein upper and lower reinforcing plates are fixedly attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the connecting part over both ends of the synthetic sleeper. 下面補強板の下面と一方の合成枕木の基部下面に亘ってFRP補強材が被覆されていることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の長尺分岐部用枕木。The sleeper for a long branch part according to claim 2, wherein an FRP reinforcing material is coated over the lower surface of the lower surface reinforcing plate and the lower surface of the base of one synthetic sleeper.
JP2003035738A 2003-02-13 2003-02-13 Sleepers for long branches Expired - Fee Related JP3893113B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2003035738A JP3893113B2 (en) 2003-02-13 2003-02-13 Sleepers for long branches

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
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