JP3891384B2

JP3891384B2 - Vital signs detector

Info

Publication number: JP3891384B2
Application number: JP34373499A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 房一山崎
Original assignee: 株式会社アメニテックス
Priority date: 1999-10-26
Filing date: 1999-10-26
Publication date: 2007-03-14
Anticipated expiration: 2019-10-26
Also published as: JP2001120507A

Description

【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、寝たっきりの在宅高齢者や就寝中の病人の呼吸数や、心拍数に異常が認められた時、自動的に異常であることを通報したり、また高齢者の徘徊を未然に防いだり、病人の離床管理を行う生命徴候検知及び異常判断を行う装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、高齢者や病人の就寝中の突然死に対する有効な手段を講じる事が出来ず大きな社会問題になっている。また入院中の重症患者の生体監視は数時間毎に看護婦が巡回時に行われているが看護不足や、長時間労働もからみ、完全な看護体制が取られていないのが現状である。
【０００３】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記課題を解決するために、本発明に係る生命徴候検知装置の第１の構成は、ベッドや布団あるいは枕（以下ベッド等という）に装着されて、就寝者によって前記ベッド等に負荷される圧力を検知する圧電センサ（以下、圧力検知手段という）を有する呼吸検知マットと、前記圧力検知手段の出力信号の時間波形を解析して前記就寝者の生命徴候の異常の有無を判断する異常判断装置からなる生命徴候検知装置において、前記異常判断装置は、前記圧力検知手段の出力信号の時間波形から高次の成分を除去して前記就寝者の呼吸波形を抽出する呼吸フィルター；
前記呼吸波形から前記就寝者の呼吸数を計数する呼吸計数手段；前記呼吸計数手段から出力される呼吸数が所定の範囲にない場合に、呼吸異常信号を出力する呼吸異常判断手段；前記圧力検知手段の出力信号に基づいて在床信号を出力する人体検知手段；前記呼吸異常信号と前記在床信号が同時に出力されている場合に、呼吸異常警報信号を出力する呼吸異常警報出力手段；及び、前記在床信号が出力されていない場合に、離床警報信号を出力する離床警報出力手段を有することを特徴とする
【０００４】
本発明に係る生命徴候検知装置の第２の構成は、前記第１の構成において、前記圧力検知手段は窒化アルミニウム圧電センサ薄膜を有する圧電センサであることを特徴とする。
【０００５】
本発明に係る生命徴候検知装置の第３の構成は、前記第１の構成において、前記圧力検知手段はＰＶＤＦフィルム圧電センサであることを特徴とする。
【０００６】
本発明に係る生命徴候検知装置の第４の構成は、ベッドや布団あるいは枕（以下ベッド等という）に装着されて、就寝者によって前記ベッド等に負荷される圧力を検知するゴムマット式圧力センサ（以下、圧力検知手段という）を有する呼吸検知マットと、前記圧力検知手段の出力信号の時間波形を解析して前記就寝者の生命徴候の異常の有無を判断する異常判断装置からなる生命徴候検知装置において、前記異常判断装置は、前記圧力検知手段の出力信号の時間波形から高次の成分を除去して前記就寝者の呼吸波形を抽出する呼吸フィルター；前記呼吸波形から前記就寝者の呼吸数を計数する呼吸計数手段；前記呼吸計数手段から出力される呼吸数が所定の範囲にない場合に、呼吸異常信号を出力する呼吸異常判断手段；前記圧力検知手段の出力信号に基づいて在床信号を出力する人体検知手段；前記呼吸異常信号と前記在床信号が同時に出力されている場合に、呼吸異常警報信号を出力する呼吸異常警報出力手段；
及び、前記在床信号が出力されていない場合に、離床警報信号を出力する離床警報出力手段を有することを特徴とする。
【０００７】
本発明に係る生命徴候検知装置の第５の構成は、ベッドや布団あるいは枕（以下ベッド等という）に装着されて、就寝者によって前記ベッド等に負荷される圧力を検知する静電センサ（以下、圧力検知手段という）を有する呼吸検知マットと、前記圧力検知手段の出力信号の時間波形を解析して前記就寝者の生命徴候の異常の有無を判断する異常判断装置からなる生命徴候検知装置において、前記異常判断装置は、前記圧力検知手段の出力信号の時間波形から高次の成分を除去して前記就寝者の呼吸波形を抽出する呼吸フィルター；前記呼吸波形から前記就寝者の呼吸数を計数する呼吸計数手段；前記呼吸計数手段から出力される呼吸数が所定の範囲にない場合に、呼吸異常信号を出力する呼吸異常判断手段；前記圧力検知手段の出力信号に基づいて在床信号を出力する人体検知手段；前記呼吸異常信号と前記在床信号が同時に出力されている場合に、呼吸異常警報信号を出力する呼吸異常警報出力手段；及び、前記在床信号が出力されていない場合に、離床警報信号を出力する離床警報出力手段を有する
ことを特徴とする。
【０００８】
本発明に係る生命徴候検知装置の第６の構成は、前記第１ないし第５の構成において、前記異常判断装置は、前記呼吸計数部が出力する呼吸数を表示する呼吸数表示手段；及び、前記呼吸波形フィルターが出力する呼吸波形を表示する呼吸波形表示手段を有するとともに、前記呼吸異常警報信号は音響信号であることを特徴とする。
【０００９】
本発明に係る生命徴候検知装置の第７の構成は、前記第１ないし前記第６の構成において、前記異常判断装置は、前記圧力検知手段の出力信号の時間波形を解析して前記就寝者の心拍波形を得る心拍波形フィルター；前記心拍波形から前記就寝者の心拍数を計数する心拍数計数手段；前記心拍数計数手段から出力された心拍数を所定の基準値と比較して心拍数の異常の有無を判断する心拍異常判断手段；前記心拍異常判断手段が心拍数に異常が有ると判断した場合に、心拍異常警報信号を出力する心拍異常警報出力手段；前記心拍数計数手段が出力する心拍数を表示する心拍数表示手段；及び、前記心拍波形フィルターが出力する心拍波形を表示する心拍波形表示手段を有することを特徴とする。
【００１０】
本発明に係る生命徴候検知装置の第８の構成は、前記第１ないし前記第７の構成において、前記異常検知器から出力される前記就寝者の呼吸数、呼吸波形；前記呼吸異常警報信号の出力の記録；及び前記離床警報信号の出力の記録（以下、総称して呼吸数等の記録と言う）を記憶するコンピュータと、前記呼吸数等の記録を前記コンピュータから読み出して表示する表示手段を備えるとともに、前記異常判断装置は、前記就寝者の呼吸に異常が生じた場合に前記呼吸数等の記録を前記コンピュータから読み出して前記表示手段の画面に表示する命令を前記コンピュータに与えることを特徴とする。
【００１１】
本発明に係る生命徴候検知装置の第９の構成は、前記第１ないし第８の構成において、無線または有線の電気通信回線を介して前記呼吸数等の記録を遠隔地に置かれた自動受信器に送信する自動通報器を備えるとともに、前記異常判断装置は、前記就寝者の呼吸に異常が生じた場合に、その旨を前記自動通報器を介して前記自動受信器に通報することを特徴とする。
【００１２】
本発明に係る生命徴候検知装置の第１０の構成は、前記第１ないし第９の構成において、前記呼吸検知マットは耐磨耗性、防水性を備えることを特徴とする。
【００１３】
本発明に係る生命徴候検知装置の第１１の構成は、前記第１ないし第１０の構成において、前記異常判断装置は、前記心拍波形又は前記呼吸波形から前記就寝者の苦痛を解析して苦痛警報信号を出力する苦痛解析手段を有することを特徴とする。
【００１４】
【発明の実施の形態】
図１は、本願発明の第１〜４の実施形態を示す。本願発明の呼吸検知マット５に寝ると人体の心拍と呼吸圧力２に同期した圧力電圧に焦電効果による温度電圧が重量された生体信号３が出力される。ただし圧電フィルムでも焦電効果が発生しないものもある。また圧電フィルム１を保護する為に保護膜４で圧電フィルム１を覆う。
【００１５】
図２は、本願発明の第５の実施形態を示す。本願発明の呼吸検知マットをマクラに内蔵し、人体の心拍と呼吸時の圧力２に同期した圧力電圧に焦電効果による温度電圧が重畳された生体信号３が出力される。
【００１６】
図３は、本願発明の第６の実施形態を示す。図３の本願発明の第６の異常判断装置１１において、呼吸検知マット５の生体信号３は、呼吸異常検知器７の入力側に接続され、人体検知器８の出力は呼吸異常検知器７に接続され、呼吸異常検知器７の出力は外部の警報器に接続される。
【００１７】
以上の構成により図３より本願発明の第６の実施形態の動作を説明する図３に呼吸検知マット出力には、高齢者又は病人の呼吸、心拍に同期した呼吸成分と心拍成分が含まれている生体信号３から呼吸信号のみを抽出し、呼吸異常検知器７で予め設定した呼吸数と呼吸数を比較する。もし比較結果が異常であることを呼吸異常検知器７で判断し、かつ呼吸検知マット５に人が居ることを人体検知器８が判断した時は、警報信号９が外部に接続された警報器に出力することにより、高齢者又は病人の呼吸が停止した旨を介護人や看護婦に知らせる事により突然死を未然に防ぐことができる。
【００１８】
また、高齢者又は病人が呼吸検知マット５から離れた時、人体検知器８がＯＮになり、外部に離床した事を知らせる離床信号１０が出力される。このことにより高齢者の徘徊を未然に防いだり、病人の管理をコンピューターで行うことができる。
【００１９】
また、呼吸異常検知器７に学習機能を搭載することにより、呼吸検知マット５上の高齢者又は病人の呼吸数を自動的に記憶し、これを基準にして呼吸の異常判断を行うこともできる。
【００２０】
また、第６の実施形態の異常判断装置１１構成の１例について説明を行う。図４において呼吸検知マット５は増幅部１３の入力に接続され、増幅部１３の出力はフィルター１４の出力で波形整形部１５の入力部に接続され、波形整形部１５の出力は呼吸計数部１６の入力部に接続され、呼吸計数部１６出力は呼吸異常判断部１７の入力部に接続され、呼吸異常判断部１７の出力はＡＮＤ回路１３のゲート１に接続され、ゲート２には人体検知部１９の出力が接続され、ＡＮＤ回路１３出力は警報出力部１８の入力部に接続され、警報出力部１８の出力は警報ランプ２２と警報ブザー２３に接続され、人体検知部１９は離床出力部２０の入力に接続され、離床出力部２０の出力は警報ランプ２４と警報ブザー２３に接続される。
【００２１】
以上の構成により図５に示すように動作する。即ち図５は上記第６の実施形態と後述する第７の実施形態、及び第８の実施形態、及び第９の実施形態の動作を説明するタイミングチャートである。図５に示すように人体の呼吸を検知する呼吸検知用マット５に患者が乗ると、患者１２の呼吸に同期した心拍と呼吸成分が含まれる生体信号３（ａ）が出力される。生体信号３出力を増幅部１３で増幅してフィルター１４で呼吸信号（ｂ）のみを抽出する。次に呼吸計数誤差を抑えるとともに後段処理を容易にするため、波形整形部１５で吸気波形（ｃ）と排気波形（ｄ）に整形する。次に後段の呼吸計数部１６で波形（ｃ）と波形（ｄ）の数をカウントして、この値を呼吸異常判断部１７で予め設定された値と比較する。もし、比較結果が小さい場合（例えば２０秒以上１度も呼吸しない時）は（ｅ）信号が出力される。また逆に異常に呼吸数が多い時＞２０Ｓｅｃは呼吸に異常ありと判断し、（ｆ）信号が出力される。
【００２２】
人体有りと判断すると人体検知部１９出力が（ｇ）になる。
【００２３】
また、ＡＮＤ回路２１の入力である呼吸異常判断部１７出力（ｆ）、（ｅ）と人体検知部１９出力（ｇ）がともにＨの時は、ＡＮＤ回路１３出力は（ｈ）となり警報出力部１８から警報信号（ｉ）が出力されて、警報ランプ１２２が点滅するとともに警報ブザー２３が鳴動して患者の呼吸が停止である旨を介護人や看護婦に知らせる。
【００２４】
また、患者がベッドから離れた時、人体検知部１９出力がＨになり離床出力部２０から離床した事を知らせる警報ランプ２２４が点滅するとともに警報ブザーが鳴動して、患者離床である旨を介護人や看護婦に知らせ徘徊を未然に防ぐ。
【００２５】
また、図４のブロックダイアグラムの中で増幅部１３出力電圧を後段のＡ／Ｄ、Ｄ／Ａ内蔵のＣＰＵに加え、前述をソフトで処理する手段も可能である。例えばファジーや、ニューロファジー、ニーラルネットワーク、その他のソフト解析で図４と同機能に置換することができる。
【００２６】
図６は、本願発明の第７実施の形態を示す。図６において図４と同一部は、同一符号を付して説明を省略する。フィルター１４の出力は呼吸波形表示部２５の入力に接続され呼吸計数部１６の出力は呼吸数表示部２６の入力に接続されている。就寝中の高齢者又は患者の呼吸状況を介護人又は看護婦が容易に呼吸波形表示部２５の表示手段と、呼吸数表示部２６の表示手段から確認を行うことができる。また外部に呼吸数、呼吸波形を出力することができる。
【００２７】
図７は、本願発明の第８実施の形態を示す。図７において図６のブロックダイアグラムの概略ブロックダイアグラムとする。第５〜８発明の構成の生命徴候検知及び異常判断を行う装置の単数又は複数台を別置のコンピュータに接続して、各生命徴候検知及び異常判断を行う装置からの呼吸数や呼吸波形、離床時間、その他のデータを記録、管理を行い異常時に患者の患者記録と先のデータを自動的に画面表示を行い、前期高齢者や病人の突然死を未然に防ぐ。
【００２８】
図８は、本願発明の第９実施の形態を示す。図８において図７の概略ブロックダイアグラム中の各装置の概略図斜視図で示したものである。
【００２９】
図９は、本願発明の第１０実施の形態を示す。図７、８において生命徴候検知及び異常判断を行う装置とコンピュータ間の通信エリアは同施設内であるが、図９において通信は遠隔地を想定したもので、被介護人宅に設置した生命徴候検知及び異常判断を行う装置のデータを遠隔地の介護センター等に設置したコンピュータに送るとともに、コンピュータ側から音声や、データを送ることを可能とし、呼吸に異常が発生した時は、呼吸停止状況を自動通報器から有線又は無線回路を介し遠隔地に設置したコンピュータ画面に表示を行う。データを受け取った介護センターは、音声の通信により患者と会話を行い状況を把握し必要に応じて現場に駆けて突然死を未然に防ぐ。
【００３０】
図１０は、本願発明の第７実施の形態を示す。図１０において図４、６と同一部は同一符号を付して説明を省略する。増幅部１３の出力は心拍フィルター２７に接続され、心拍フィルター２７出力は心拍波形表示部３０と心拍波形整形部２８の入力に接続され、心拍波形整形部２８出力は心拍計数部２９と苦痛解析部３６とセキ解析部３７の入力に接続され、心拍計数部２９の出力は心拍異常判断３２の入力に接続され、心拍異常判断３２の出力はＡＮＤ回路３３のゲート１に接続され、ゲート２に人体検知部１９の出力を接続し、ＡＮＤ回路３３の出力は心拍警報出力部３４の入力に接続されている。就寝中の高齢者又は患者の心拍と呼吸状況を介護人又は看護婦が容易に心拍波形表示部３０の表示手段、心拍数表示部３１の手段から確認を行うことができる。また外部に呼吸数、呼吸波形や心拍数や、心拍波形出力することができる。また苦痛、苦痛解析部３６の結果を警報信号として警報出力する。またセキ解析部３７の結果を警報信号として警報出力することにより高齢者や病人の重大事故を未然に防ぐことができる。
【００３１】
以上の構成により、図１１に示すように動作する。即ち図１１は上記第６の実施の形態との動作を説明するタイミングチャートである。図１１に示すように人体の呼吸を検知する呼吸検知マット５に患者が乗ると、患者１の呼吸に同期した心拍と、呼吸成分が含まれる生体信号３出力電圧（ｊ）が出力される生体信号３出力を増幅部１３で増幅して心拍フィルター２７で心拍信号（ｋ）のみを抽出するとともに、心拍波形表示部３０で心拍波形を表示する。次に心拍計数誤差を抑えるとともに後段処理を容易にするため、心拍波形整形部２８で心拍波形（ｌ）に整形する。次に後段の心拍計数部２９で（ｌ）パルス数をカウントし、心拍数表示部３１で表示するとともに心拍異常判断部３２で予め設定された値と比較する。もし心拍数に異常ありと判断されると（ｍ）信号が出力される。またシステムにより心拍波形表示部３０と心拍数表示部３１を必要としない場合である。
【００３２】
また、ＡＮＤ回路２２の入力である心拍異常判断部３２出力（ｍ）と人体検知部１９出力（ｇ）がともにＨの時は、ＡＮＤ回路３３の出力は（ｏ）となり、心拍警報出力部３４から警報信号（ｐ）が出力されて警報ランプ３４０が点滅するとともに警報ブザーが鳴動して患者の心臓が異常である旨を看護人や看護婦に知らせる。
【００３３】
また、患者がベッドから離れた時、人体検知部１９出力がＨになり離床出力部３５から離床した事を知らせる警報ランプ４４１が点滅するとともに警報ブザーが鳴動して患者離床である旨を看護人や看護婦に知らせる。
【００３４】
また、前述の処理をＣＰＵを用いてソフトで処理することも可能。例えばファジィー、ニューロファジーでウエブレット解析カオス、ニューラルネットワークその他のソフト解析。
【００３５】
【発明の効果】
以上詳細に説明したような本発明の生命徴候検知装置では、高齢者又は病人の呼吸や、心拍に異常が認められた時、警報装置が自動的に作動し、介護人又は看護婦に音や光で知らせる事ができるので突然死を未然に防ぐ事ができる。
【００３６】
一台のセンサで呼吸・心拍数及び異常解析、離床、寝返り、苦痛検知、体温計測や異常解析ができる。
【００３７】
パソコンで複数台のセンサを総合的に管理できるので介護効率がアップする。
【００３８】
また、本発明の生命徴候検知装置での、高齢者又は病人の生体監視はプライバシーの保護が確保でき、自動的に行うことができるので介護人又は看護婦の労働負担が軽減される。
【００３９】
また、本発明の生命徴候検知装置では、高齢者が呼吸検知マットから離れられると自動的に離床が検知され警報信号が出力されるので徘徊を未然に防ぐことができる。
【００４０】
また、病人の離床時間を管理する事ができるので施設死角での転倒事故を離床時間から察知することが可能。
【００４１】
また、本発明の生命徴候検知装置では、高齢者又は病人が呼吸検知マットに寝るだけで呼吸、心拍の異常判断を行うことができるので被介護人の負担が緩和される。
【００４２】
また、本発明の生命徴候検知装置では、遠隔地で高齢者又は病人の生体監視が可能である。
【００４３】
独居老人の異常を通信回線を介して、外部に知らせることができるので孤独死を未然に防ぐことができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施形態１．２．３．４の概略を示すブロックダイアグラム図である。
【図２】本発明の実施形態４の実施例を示すブロックダイアグラム図である。
【図３】実施形態６実施例の動作を示す各出力波形図である。
【図４】本発明の実施形態６の概略を示すブロックダイアグラムである。
【図５】本発明の実施形態６の実施例の動作を示す各出力波形図である。
【図６】本発明の実施形態７の実施例を示すブロックダイアグラム図である。
【図７】本発明の実施形態８の実施例を示すブロックダイアグラム図である。
【図８】本発明の実施形態８の実施例を示す概略斜視図である。
【図９】本発明の実施形態９の実施例の概略ブロックダイアグラム図である。
【図１０】本発明の実施形態１０の実施例を示すブロックダイアグラム図である。
【図１１】本発明の実施形態１０の実施例の動作を示す各出力波形図である。
【符号の説明】
１．圧電フィルム２１．ＡＮＤ回路
２．圧力２２．警報ランプ１
３．生体信号２３．警報ブザー
４．保護膜２４．警報ランプ２
５．呼吸検知マット２５．呼吸波形表示部
６．マクラ２６．呼吸数表示部
７．呼吸異常検知器２７．心拍フィルター
８．人体検知器２８．心拍波形整形部
９．警報信号２９．心拍計数部
１０．離床信号３０．心拍波形表示部
１１．異常判断装置３１．心拍数表示部
１２．患者３２．心拍異常判断部
１３．増幅部３３．ＡＮＤ回路
１４．フィルター３４．心拍警報出力部
１５．波形整形部３５．離床出力部
１６．呼吸計数部３６．苦痛解析部
１７．呼吸異常判断部３７．セキ解析部
１８．警報出力部３８．パソコン
１９．人体検知部３９．コンピュータ
２０．離床出力部４０．警報ランプ３
４１．警報ランプ４
４２．異常判断装置[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention automatically reports that when there is an abnormality in the respiratory rate or heart rate of a bedridden elderly at home or a sick person who is sleeping, The present invention relates to an apparatus for detecting vital signs and determining an abnormality for preventing a person from getting out of bed or managing a sick person.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, it has become a big social problem because it is impossible to take effective measures against sudden death during sleeping of elderly people and sick people. In addition, vital monitoring of critically ill patients in hospitals is carried out every few hours by nurses during patrols, but the current situation is that a complete nursing system has not been adopted due to lack of nursing and long working hours.
[0003]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problem, a first configuration of the vital sign detection apparatus according to the present invention is a pressure that is applied to a bed, a futon, or a pillow (hereinafter referred to as a bed) and is applied to the bed by a sleeping person. A breathing detection mat having a piezoelectric sensor (hereinafter referred to as a pressure detecting means) for detecting an abnormality, and an abnormality determining device for analyzing the time waveform of the output signal of the pressure detecting means to determine whether there is an abnormality in the vital signs of the sleeper In the vital sign detection device, the abnormality determination device is configured to extract a respiratory waveform of the sleeping person by removing higher-order components from the time waveform of the output signal of the pressure detection means;
Respiration counting means for counting the sleep rate of the sleeping person from the respiration waveform; respiration abnormality determining means for outputting a respiration abnormality signal when the respiration rate output from the respiration counting means is not within a predetermined range; A human body detecting means for outputting a bed signal based on the output signal of the means; a breathing abnormality alarm output means for outputting a breathing abnormality warning signal when the respiratory abnormality signal and the bed signal are simultaneously outputted; and A bed warning output means for outputting a bed warning signal when the floor signal is not output is provided.
A second configuration of the vital sign detection apparatus according to the present invention is characterized in that, in the first configuration, the pressure detection means is a piezoelectric sensor having an aluminum nitride piezoelectric sensor thin film.
[0005]
According to a third configuration of the vital sign detection apparatus of the present invention, in the first configuration, the pressure detection means is a PVDF film piezoelectric sensor.
[0006]
The fourth configuration of the vital sign detection apparatus according to the present invention is a rubber mat type pressure sensor (mounted on a bed, a futon or a pillow (hereinafter referred to as a bed) and detects a pressure applied to the bed by a sleeping person ( Hereinafter, a vital signs detection apparatus comprising a breathing detection mat having pressure detection means) and an abnormality determination device that analyzes the time waveform of the output signal of the pressure detection means to determine whether there is an abnormality in the vital signs of the sleeper. The abnormality determining device includes: a respiratory filter that extracts a respiratory waveform of the sleeper by removing higher-order components from the time waveform of the output signal of the pressure detection means; and calculates the respiratory rate of the sleeper from the respiratory waveform; Respiration counting means for counting; respiration abnormality determining means for outputting a respiration abnormality signal when the respiration rate output from the respiration counting means is not within a predetermined range; When said respiratory abnormality signal and the the bed signal is output simultaneously, respiratory abnormality alarm output means for outputting respiratory abnormality alarm signal; human body detection means for outputting a standing floor signal based on the output signal;
And when the said bed presence signal is not output, it has the bed warning output means which outputs a bed warning signal.
[0007]
A fifth configuration of the vital sign detection apparatus according to the present invention is an electrostatic sensor (hereinafter referred to as a bed) or a futon or a pillow (hereinafter referred to as a bed) that detects a pressure applied to the bed or the like by a sleeping person. A vital signs detection device comprising: a respiratory detection mat having pressure detection means; and an abnormality determination device that analyzes a time waveform of an output signal of the pressure detection means to determine whether there is an abnormality in the vital signs of the sleeper. The abnormality determination device is configured to extract a respiratory waveform of the sleeping person by removing higher-order components from the time waveform of the output signal of the pressure detecting means; and count the respiratory rate of the sleeping person from the respiratory waveform; A respiratory abnormality determining means for outputting a respiratory abnormal signal when the respiratory rate output from the respiratory counting means is not within a predetermined range; an output signal of the pressure detecting means; A human body detecting means for outputting a bed presence signal; a breathing abnormality alarm output means for outputting a breathing abnormality alarm signal when the breathing abnormality signal and the bed signal are simultaneously output; and It has a bed warning output means for outputting a bed warning signal when it is not output.
It is characterized by that.
[0008]
In a sixth configuration of the vital sign detection device according to the present invention, in the first to fifth configurations, the abnormality determining device is configured to display a respiratory rate output by the respiratory counting unit; It has a respiratory waveform display means for displaying a respiratory waveform output from the respiratory waveform filter, and the respiratory abnormality alarm signal is an acoustic signal.
[0009]
According to a seventh configuration of the vital sign detection apparatus of the present invention, in the first to sixth configurations, the abnormality determination device analyzes the time waveform of the output signal of the pressure detection means to analyze the sleeper's A heart rate waveform filter for obtaining a heart rate waveform; heart rate counting means for counting the sleeper's heart rate from the heart rate waveform; an abnormality in heart rate by comparing the heart rate output from the heart rate counting means with a predetermined reference value; A heartbeat abnormality judging means for judging the presence or absence of a heartbeat; a heartbeat abnormality warning output means for outputting a heartbeat abnormality warning signal when the heartbeat abnormality judging means judges that there is an abnormality in a heart rate; a heartbeat outputted by the heart rate counting means Heart rate display means for displaying the number; and heart rate waveform display means for displaying the heart rate waveform output by the heart rate waveform filter.
[0010]
According to an eighth configuration of the vital sign detection apparatus of the present invention, in the first to seventh configurations, the sleeper's respiratory rate and respiratory waveform output from the abnormality detector; A computer for storing an output record; and a record of the output of the bed warning signal (hereinafter collectively referred to as a record of respiration rate, etc.), and a display means for reading and displaying the record of the respiration rate from the computer. In addition, the abnormality determination device provides the computer with an instruction to read a record of the respiration rate from the computer and display it on the screen of the display means when an abnormality occurs in the sleep of the sleeper. And
[0011]
According to a ninth configuration of the vital sign detection apparatus of the present invention, in the first to eighth configurations, the automatic reception in which the record of the respiration rate or the like is placed in a remote place via a wireless or wired telecommunication line. The abnormality determination device notifies the automatic receiver of the abnormality via the automatic notification device when abnormality occurs in the sleep of the sleeper. And
[0012]
According to a tenth configuration of the vital sign detection apparatus of the present invention, in the first to ninth configurations, the respiration detection mat is provided with wear resistance and waterproofness.
[0013]
According to an eleventh configuration of the vital sign detection apparatus of the present invention, in the first to tenth configurations, the abnormality determination device analyzes the pain of the sleeper from the heartbeat waveform or the respiratory waveform, and the pain warning It has a pain analysis means for outputting a signal.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 shows first to fourth embodiments of the present invention. When sleeping on the respiration detection mat 5 of the present invention, a biological signal 3 in which the temperature voltage due to the pyroelectric effect is weighted to the pressure voltage synchronized with the heartbeat of the human body and the respiration pressure 2 is output. However, some piezoelectric films do not produce a pyroelectric effect. Further, in order to protect the piezoelectric film 1, the piezoelectric film 1 is covered with a protective film 4.
[0015]
FIG. 2 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention. The respiration detection mat of the present invention is built in a macula, and a biological signal 3 in which a temperature voltage due to a pyroelectric effect is superimposed on a pressure voltage synchronized with a heartbeat of a human body and a pressure 2 during respiration is output.
[0016]
FIG. 3 shows a sixth embodiment of the present invention. In the sixth abnormality determination device 11 of the present invention in FIG. 3, the biological signal 3 of the respiration detection mat 5 is connected to the input side of the respiration abnormality detector 7, and the output of the human body detector 8 is sent to the respiration abnormality detector 7. The output of the respiratory abnormality detector 7 is connected to an external alarm device.
[0017]
With the above configuration, the operation of the sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 3. FIG. 3 shows the respiratory detection mat output including respiratory components and heart rate components synchronized with the breathing and heartbeat of the elderly or sick. Only a respiratory signal is extracted from the living body signal 3 and the respiratory rate preset by the respiratory abnormality detector 7 is compared with the respiratory rate. If the respiratory abnormality detector 7 determines that the comparison result is abnormal and the human body detector 8 determines that there is a person on the respiratory detection mat 5, an alarm device to which an alarm signal 9 is connected to the outside By outputting to, sudden death can be prevented by informing the caregiver or nurse that the elderly person or sick person has stopped breathing.
[0018]
Further, when an elderly person or a sick person leaves the respiration detection mat 5, the human body detector 8 is turned on, and a bed leaving signal 10 is output to inform the outside of the bed. As a result, it is possible to prevent the elderly from wandering and to manage the sick with a computer.
[0019]
In addition, by installing a learning function in the respiratory abnormality detector 7, the respiratory rate of the elderly or sick on the respiratory detection mat 5 can be automatically stored, and a respiratory abnormality can be determined based on this. .
[0020]
An example of the configuration of the abnormality determination device 11 according to the sixth embodiment will be described. In FIG. 4, the respiration detection mat 5 is connected to the input of the amplifying unit 13, the output of the amplifying unit 13 is connected to the input unit of the waveform shaping unit 15 by the output of the filter 14, and the output of the waveform shaping unit 15 is the respiration counting unit 16. The output of the respiratory counter 16 is connected to the input of the respiratory abnormality determiner 17, the output of the respiratory abnormal determiner 17 is connected to the gate 1 of the AND circuit 13, and the human body detector is connected to the gate 2. 19 is connected, the output of the AND circuit 13 is connected to the input of the alarm output unit 18, the output of the alarm output unit 18 is connected to the alarm lamp 22 and the alarm buzzer 23, and the human body detection unit 19 is connected to the bed output unit 20. The output of the bed output unit 20 is connected to an alarm lamp 24 and an alarm buzzer 23.
[0021]
The above configuration operates as shown in FIG. That is, FIG. 5 is a timing chart for explaining the operations of the sixth embodiment and the seventh, eighth, and ninth embodiments described later. As shown in FIG. 5, when a patient gets on a respiration detection mat 5 that detects respiration of a human body, a biological signal 3 (a) including a heartbeat and a respiration component synchronized with the respiration of the patient 12 is output. The biological signal 3 output is amplified by the amplification unit 13 and only the respiratory signal (b) is extracted by the filter 14. Next, the waveform shaping unit 15 shapes the intake waveform (c) and the exhaust waveform (d) in order to suppress the respiratory count error and facilitate the subsequent processing. Next, the number of the waveforms (c) and (d) is counted by the respiration counter 16 at the subsequent stage, and this value is compared with a value set in advance by the respiratory abnormality determination unit 17. If the comparison result is small (for example, when not breathing for 20 seconds or more), the signal (e) is output. Conversely, when the respiratory rate is abnormally high, if> 20Sec, it is determined that there is an abnormality in breathing, and a signal (f) is output.
[0022]
When it is determined that there is a human body, the output of the human body detection unit 19 becomes (g).
[0023]
When both the outputs (f) and (e) of the respiratory abnormality determination unit 17 and the output (g) of the human body detection unit 19 that are inputs of the AND circuit 21 are H, the output of the AND circuit 13 is (h) and the alarm output unit An alarm signal (i) is output from 18, an alarm lamp 122 flashes and an alarm buzzer 23 sounds to inform a caregiver or nurse that the patient's breathing is stopped.
[0024]
Further, when the patient leaves the bed, the human body detection unit 19 output becomes H and the alarm lamp 224 informing that the person has left the bed output unit 20 blinks and the alarm buzzer sounds to indicate that the patient is getting out of bed. Inform caregivers and nurses and prevent habits.
[0025]
Further, in the block diagram of FIG. 4, it is possible to add the output voltage of the amplifying unit 13 to the CPU having a built-in A / D and D / A, and to process the above by software. For example, fuzzy, neurofuzzy, neural network, or other software analysis can be replaced with the same function as in FIG.
[0026]
FIG. 6 shows a seventh embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 6, the same parts as those in FIG. The output of the filter 14 is connected to the input of the respiration waveform display unit 25, and the output of the respiration counter 16 is connected to the input of the respiration rate display unit 26. The caregiver or nurse can easily check the respiratory status of the elderly person or patient who is sleeping from the display means of the respiratory waveform display section 25 and the display means of the respiratory rate display section 26. The respiratory rate and respiratory waveform can be output to the outside.
[0027]
FIG. 7 shows an eighth embodiment of the present invention. 7 is a schematic block diagram of the block diagram of FIG. Connect one or more devices for performing vital sign detection and abnormality determination of the configurations of the fifth to eighth inventions to a separate computer, and the respiratory rate and respiratory waveform from the respective vital signs detection and abnormality determination devices; Record and manage bed leaving time and other data, and automatically display the patient's patient record and previous data in the event of an abnormality to prevent sudden death of the elderly and sick in the early stages.
[0028]
FIG. 8 shows a ninth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of each device in the schematic block diagram of FIG.
[0029]
FIG. 9 shows a tenth embodiment of the present invention. 7 and 8, the communication area between the computer for detecting vital signs and judging abnormalities and the computer is in the same facility, but in FIG. 9, the communication is assumed to be in a remote place, and the vital signs installed at the care recipient's home. The data of the device that performs detection and abnormality determination is sent to a computer installed in a remote care center, etc., and voice and data can be sent from the computer side. Is displayed on a computer screen installed in a remote place via a wired or wireless circuit from the automatic reporter. The care center that receives the data communicates with the patient by voice communication to grasp the situation and run to the site as necessary to prevent sudden death.
[0030]
FIG. 10 shows a seventh embodiment of the present invention. 10, the same parts as those in FIGS. 4 and 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. The output of the amplifying unit 13 is connected to the heart rate filter 27, the output of the heart rate filter 27 is connected to the inputs of the heart rate waveform display unit 30 and the heart rate waveform shaping unit 28, and the output of the heart rate waveform shaping unit 28 is the heart rate counting unit 29 and the pain analysis unit. 36 and the input of the power analysis unit 37, the output of the heart rate counting unit 29 is connected to the input of the heart rate abnormality determination 32, the output of the heart rate abnormality determination 32 is connected to the gate 1 of the AND circuit 33, and the human body is connected to the gate 2 The output of the detection unit 19 is connected, and the output of the AND circuit 33 is connected to the input of the heartbeat alarm output unit 34. The caregiver or nurse can easily check the heartbeat and breathing status of the elderly person or patient who is sleeping from the display means of the heartbeat waveform display section 30 and the means of the heart rate display section 31. In addition, the respiratory rate, respiratory waveform, heart rate, and heart rate waveform can be output to the outside. Further, the result of the pain / pain analysis unit 36 is output as an alarm signal. In addition, a serious accident of an elderly person or a sick person can be prevented by outputting the result of the security analysis unit 37 as a warning signal.
[0031]
With the above configuration, the operation is performed as shown in FIG. That is, FIG. 11 is a timing chart for explaining the operation with the sixth embodiment. As shown in FIG. 11, when a patient rides on a respiration detection mat 5 that detects respiration of a human body, a heartbeat synchronized with the respiration of the patient 1 and a biological signal 3 output voltage (j) including a respiration component is output. The signal 3 output is amplified by the amplifying unit 13 and only the heartbeat signal (k) is extracted by the heartbeat filter 27, and the heartbeat waveform display unit 30 displays the heartbeat waveform. Next, in order to suppress the heartbeat counting error and facilitate the subsequent processing, the heartbeat waveform shaping unit 28 shapes the heartbeat waveform (l). Next, (1) the number of pulses is counted by the heart rate counting unit 29 in the subsequent stage, displayed on the heart rate display unit 31, and compared with a preset value by the heart rate abnormality determination unit 32. If it is determined that the heart rate is abnormal, a signal (m) is output. In addition, the heart rate waveform display unit 30 and the heart rate display unit 31 are not required by the system.
[0032]
When both the output (m) of the heart rate abnormality determination unit 32 and the output (g) of the human body detection unit 19 that are inputs of the AND circuit 22 are H, the output of the AND circuit 33 is (o), and the heart rate alarm output unit 34 The alarm signal (p) is output from the alarm lamp 340, the alarm lamp 340 blinks and the alarm buzzer sounds to inform the nurse or nurse that the patient's heart is abnormal.
[0033]
Also, when the patient leaves the bed, the human body detection unit 19 output becomes H and the alarm lamp 441 blinks to notify the user that he / she has left the bed output unit 35 and the alarm buzzer sounds to nursing the patient. Inform people and nurses.
[0034]
In addition, the above processing can be processed by software using a CPU. For example, fuzzy, neuro fuzzy, weblet analysis chaos, neural network and other software analysis.
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
In the vital sign detection apparatus of the present invention as described in detail above, when an abnormality is recognized in the breathing or heartbeat of the elderly person or sick person, the alarm device automatically operates, Because it can be informed by light, sudden death can be prevented.
[0036]
A single sensor can perform breathing, heart rate and abnormality analysis, getting out of bed, turning over, detecting pain, measuring body temperature, and analyzing abnormalities.
[0037]
Nursing efficiency is improved because multiple sensors can be comprehensively managed with a personal computer.
[0038]
In addition, the biological sign monitoring of the elderly person or sick person in the vital sign detection apparatus of the present invention can ensure privacy protection and can be automatically performed, so the labor burden of the caregiver or nurse is reduced.
[0039]
Moreover, in the vital sign detection apparatus of this invention, when an elderly person leaves | separates from a respiration detection mat, bed leaving is automatically detected and an alarm signal is output, so that wrinkles can be prevented in advance.
[0040]
In addition, because it is possible to manage the bedtime of sick people, it is possible to detect a fall accident at the blind spot of the facility from the bedtime.
[0041]
Moreover, in the vital sign detection apparatus of the present invention, since an elderly person or a sick person can make an abnormality determination of respiration and heartbeat by simply sleeping on a respiration detection mat, the burden on the care recipient is reduced.
[0042]
In addition, the vital sign detection device of the present invention can monitor the living body of an elderly person or a sick person at a remote place.
[0043]
Anomalies of the elderly living alone can be notified to the outside via a communication line, so that lonely death can be prevented in advance.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing Embodiment 1.2.3.4 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an output waveform diagram showing the operation of the sixth embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an outline of Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an output waveform diagram showing an operation of an example of Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an example of Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an example of Embodiment 8 of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of Embodiment 8 of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of an example of Embodiment 9 of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing an example of Embodiment 10 of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is an output waveform diagram showing an operation of an example of Embodiment 10 of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1. Piezoelectric film 21. 1. AND circuit Pressure 22. Alarm lamp 1
3. Biological signal 23. Alarm buzzer 4. Protective film 24. Alarm lamp 2
5). Respiration detection mat 25. 5. Respiration waveform display section Macula 26. 6. Respiration rate display section Breathing abnormality detector 27. Heart rate filter8. Human body detector 28. 8. Heartbeat waveform shaping unit Alarm signal 29. 9. Heart rate counting unit Getting out signal 30. 10. Heartbeat waveform display unit Abnormality judgment device 31. Heart rate display section 12. Patient 32. Heart rate abnormality determination unit 13. Amplifying unit 33. AND circuit 14. Filter 34. Heartbeat alarm output unit 15. Waveform shaping unit 35. Bed output unit 16. Respiration counter 36. Pain analysis unit 17. Breathing abnormality determination unit 37. Security analysis unit 18. Alarm output unit 38. PC19. Human body detection unit 39. Computer 20. Bed output unit 40. Alarm lamp 3
41. Alarm lamp 4
42. Abnormality judgment device

Claims

A respiratory detection mat having a piezoelectric sensor (hereinafter referred to as pressure detection means) that is attached to a bed, a futon or a pillow (hereinafter referred to as a bed) and detects a pressure applied to the bed by a sleeping person;
In the vital sign detection device comprising an abnormality determination device that analyzes the time waveform of the output signal of the pressure detection means and determines whether there is an abnormality in the vital sign of the sleeper,
The abnormality judging device is
A respiratory filter that extracts a respiratory waveform of the sleeper by removing higher-order components from the time waveform of the output signal of the pressure detection means;
Respiration counting means for counting the sleep rate of the sleeper from the respiration waveform;
A respiratory abnormality determination unit that outputs a respiratory abnormality signal when the respiratory rate output from the respiratory counting unit is not within a predetermined range;
Human body detection means for outputting a bed signal based on the output signal of the pressure detection means;
A respiratory abnormality alarm output means for outputting a respiratory abnormality alarm signal when the respiratory abnormality signal and the bed signal are simultaneously output;
And the vital sign detection apparatus characterized by having a bed leaving warning output means which outputs a bed leaving warning signal when the bed presence signal is not outputted.

The pressure detecting means is a piezoelectric sensor having an aluminum nitride piezoelectric sensor thin film.
The vital sign detection apparatus according to claim 1.

The pressure detecting means is a PVDF film piezoelectric sensor.
The vital sign detection apparatus according to claim 1.

A respiration detection mat having a rubber mat type pressure sensor (hereinafter referred to as pressure detection means) which is attached to a bed, a futon or a pillow (hereinafter referred to as a bed) and detects a pressure applied to the bed by a sleeping person;
  In the vital sign detection device comprising an abnormality determination device that analyzes the time waveform of the output signal of the pressure detection means and determines whether there is an abnormality in the vital sign of the sleeper,
  The abnormality judging device is
  A respiratory filter that extracts a respiratory waveform of the sleeper by removing higher-order components from the time waveform of the output signal of the pressure detection means;
  Respiration counting means for counting the sleep rate of the sleeper from the respiration waveform;
  A respiratory abnormality determination unit that outputs a respiratory abnormality signal when a respiratory rate output from the respiratory counting unit is not within a predetermined range;
  Human body detection means for outputting a bed signal based on an output signal of the pressure detection means;
  A respiratory abnormality alarm output means for outputting a respiratory abnormality alarm signal when the respiratory abnormality signal and the bed signal are simultaneously output;
  And a bed warning output means for outputting a bed warning signal when the floor signal is not output.
A vital sign detection device characterized by that.

A respiratory detection mat having an electrostatic sensor (hereinafter referred to as pressure detection means) which is attached to a bed, a futon or a pillow (hereinafter referred to as a bed) and detects a pressure applied to the bed by a sleeping person;
  In the vital sign detection device comprising an abnormality determination device that analyzes the time waveform of the output signal of the pressure detection means and determines whether there is an abnormality in the vital sign of the sleeper,
  The abnormality judging device is
  A respiratory filter that extracts a respiratory waveform of the sleeper by removing higher-order components from the time waveform of the output signal of the pressure detection means;
  Respiration counting means for counting the sleep rate of the sleeper from the respiration waveform;
  A respiratory abnormality determination unit that outputs a respiratory abnormality signal when a respiratory rate output from the respiratory counting unit is not within a predetermined range;
  Human body detection means for outputting a bed signal based on the output signal of the pressure detection means;
  A respiratory abnormality alarm output means for outputting a respiratory abnormality alarm signal when the respiratory abnormality signal and the bed signal are simultaneously output;
  And a bed warning output means for outputting a bed warning signal when the floor signal is not output.
A vital sign detection device characterized by that.

  The abnormality judging device is
  Respiration rate display means for displaying the respiration rate output by the respiration counter;
  And a respiratory waveform display means for displaying a respiratory waveform output by the respiratory waveform filter
And having
  The respiratory abnormality warning signal is an acoustic signal
The vital sign detection apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein

The abnormality judging device is
  A heartbeat waveform filter that analyzes a time waveform of an output signal of the pressure detection means to obtain a heartbeat waveform of the sleeper;
  Heart rate counting means for counting the sleeper's heart rate from the heartbeat waveform;
  A heart rate abnormality judgment unit that compares the heart rate output from the heart rate counting unit with a predetermined reference value to judge whether or not the heart rate is abnormal;
  A heartbeat abnormality alarm output means for outputting a heartbeat abnormality alarm signal when the heartbeat abnormality determining means determines that the heart rate is abnormal;
  Heart rate display means for displaying the heart rate output by the heart rate counting means;
  And a heartbeat waveform display means for displaying a heartbeat waveform output from the heartbeat waveform filter.
The vital sign detection apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6,

The sleeper's respiratory rate and respiratory waveform output from the anomaly detector;
Recording the output of the respiratory abnormality alarm signal;
And a computer for storing a record of the output of the bed warning signal (hereinafter collectively referred to as a record of respiratory rate, etc.),
With a display unit that reads out and displays the record of the respiratory rate and the like from the computer,
The abnormality judging device is
When abnormality occurs in the sleep of the sleeper, a command to read the record of the respiration rate and the like from the computer and display it on the screen of the display means is given to the computer
The vital sign detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 7,

An automatic reporter that transmits a record of the respiratory rate and the like to an automatic receiver located in a remote place via a wireless or wired telecommunication line;
The abnormality judging device is
When abnormality occurs in the sleep of the sleeper, the fact is notified to the automatic receiver through the automatic reporter.
The vital sign detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 8,

The breath detection mat is wear-resistant and waterproof.
The vital sign detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein

The abnormality judging device is
It has a pain analysis means for analyzing the pain of the sleeper from the heartbeat waveform or the respiratory waveform and outputting a pain warning signal.
The vital sign detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein