JP3870084B2 - Wooden pallet for stone - Google Patents

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JP3870084B2
JP3870084B2 JP2001389504A JP2001389504A JP3870084B2 JP 3870084 B2 JP3870084 B2 JP 3870084B2 JP 2001389504 A JP2001389504 A JP 2001389504A JP 2001389504 A JP2001389504 A JP 2001389504A JP 3870084 B2 JP3870084 B2 JP 3870084B2
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plate
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JP2003175932A (en
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正行 加地
久雄 浅井
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有限会社アサヒ産業
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【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は石材の運搬に使用する石材用パレットに関し、特に、全体を木質材料より構成した石材用木質パレットに関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
一般に、石材を工場内外で搬送したり運搬したりするには、石材用パレットを使用する。具体的には、石材用パレットは、正方形又は長方形板状の座部と、前記支持板の後端に略垂直に固着された背部とを備える。そして、通常は、長方形板状の多数の石材を、石材用パレットの座部に縦積みすると共に背部にもたれさせた状態で、それらの石材をＰＰバンド等の結束部材により石材用パレットの座部上に結束して固定する。そして、石材を支持する石材用パレットを、フォークリフトによりトラック等の運搬車両の荷台に搬送及び積載し、目的地まで運搬し、目的地でフォークリフトにより運搬車両の荷台から荷降ろしする。かかる石材用パレットとしては、従来、スチール製のものが一般的であった。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、スチール製パレットは、強度は高く長持ちする一方、製造コストが高くなってしまう。また、スチール製パレットは、それ自体で相当の重量があるため、取扱いの点で改善する余地がある。
【０００４】
そこで、本発明は、安価な木質材料を使用して製造コストを低減することができると共に、石材の荷役用途において十分な強度を得ることができ、更に、軽量で取り扱いが容易な石材用木質パレットの提供を課題とする。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項１に係る石材用木質パレットは、石材を下方から支持するための座部と、石材を後方から支持するための背部と、前記座部及び背部を互いに連結する連結手段とを備える。前記座部は、複数本の断面矩形状の長尺状をなす座部用木質骨格材を、前後方向に延びるよう、かつ、左右方向に離間するよう互いに平行に配置し、前記座部用木質骨格材の後端側に所定長さの部分を座部用連結部として残した状態で、前記座部用木質骨格材の上端面に板状木質材を左右方向に延びるよう固着してなる。前記背部は、断面矩形状の長尺状をなす背部用木質骨格材を、前記座部用木質骨格材の座部用連結部の各々に対して後方に傾斜した状態で上下方向に延びるよう互いに平行に配置し、前記背部用木質骨格材の下端側に所定長さの部分を背部用連結部として残した状態で、前記背部用木質骨格材の前端面に板状木質材を左右方向に延びるよう固着してなる。前記連結手段は、左右一対の板状の木質連結材を含み、前記左右一対の木質連結材により前記座部用連結部及び前記背部用連結部を左右両側から挟んだ状態で、前記木質連結材の下側部を前記座部用連結部に固着すると共に、前記木質連結材の上側部を前記背部用連結部に固着することにより、前記座部及び前記背部を互いに移動不能に連結固定してなる。
【０００６】
請求項２に係る石材用木質パレットは、請求項１の構成において、前記背部を前記座部に対して後方に約３度〜１０度の角度範囲で傾斜させた状態で、前記木質連結材により前記座部及び前記背部を互いに移動不能に固定した。
【０００７】
請求項３に係る石材用木質パレットは、請求項１または２の構成において、前記木質連結材が、前記座部用木質骨格材の下側面と略同一方向に延びる下端面と、前記下端面に対して前記背部用木質骨格材の傾斜角度と略同一の傾斜角度で後方に傾斜する前端面とを有する。
【０００８】
請求項４に係る石材用木質パレットは、請求項１乃至３のいずれかの構成において、前記木質連結材の後部が、前記背部用木質骨格材の後側面から後方に突出し、前記木質連結材のうち、前記座部の左右両端の木質連結材以外の木質連結材の後端面を、前記左右両端の木質連結材の後端面より前方の位置で略垂直方向に延びるよう形成し、長尺状をなす補強用木質材を前記左右両端の木質連結材間に配置すると共に、前記補強用木質材の前側面を前記左右両端の木質連結材以外の木質連結材の後端面に固着した。
【０００９】
請求項５に係る石材用木質パレットは、請求項１乃至３のいずれかの構成において、前記各一対の木質連結材間の隙間に、対応する幅のブロック状木質材を挿入すると共に、前記ブロック状木質材の後端面が前記木質連結材の後端面と略面一となるよう前記ブロック状木質材を固着し、長尺状をなす補強用木質材を前記木質連結材の後端面に配置して前記ブロック状木質材の後端面に固着した。
【００１０】
請求項６に係る石材用木質パレットは、請求項１乃至５のいずれかの構成において、前記座部用木質骨格材を前記座部の左右方向に等間隔で少なくとも３本配置し、中央の座部用木質骨格材の厚みを、左右の座部用木質骨格材の厚みより若干小さくして、前記座部に石材を積載しない通常状態では、前記左右の座部用木質骨格材が地面に接触すると共に前記中央の座部用木質骨格材の下側面が地面から上方に位置するようにし、石材を積載した積載状態では、石材の荷重により前記座部の左右中央が下方に弾性的に湾曲して、前記左右の座部用木質骨格材及び中央の座部用木質骨格材が全て地面に接触するようにした。
【００１１】
ここで、本発明の石材用木質パレットは、複数本の断面矩形状の長尺状をなす座部用木質骨格材を、前後方向に延びるよう、かつ、左右方向に離間するよう互いに平行に配置し、前記座部用木質骨格材の上端面に板状木質材を左右方向に延びるよう固着してなる座部を備える。また、前記座部用木質骨格材を前記座部の左右方向に等間隔で少なくとも３本配置し、中央の座部用木質骨格材の厚みを、左右の座部用木質骨格材の厚みより若干小さくして、前記座部に石材を積載しない通常状態では、前記左右の座部用木質骨格材が地面に接触すると共に前記中央の座部用木質骨格材の下側面が地面から上方に位置するようにし、石材を積載した積載状態では、石材の荷重により前記座部の左右中央が下方に弾性的に湾曲して、前記左右の座部用木質骨格材及び中央の座部用木質骨格材が全て地面に接触するようにしてもよい。
【００１２】
ここで、本発明の石材用木質パレットは、複数本の断面矩形状の長尺状をなす座部用木質骨格材を、前後方向に延びるよう、かつ、左右方向に離間するよう互いに平行に配置し、前記座部用木質骨格材の上端面に板状木質材を左右方向に延びるよう固着してなる座部を備える。また、前記座部の最も前側の板状木質材の前端に、石材締結用の締結バンドを収容するための切欠き凹部を形成してもよい。
【００１３】
ここで、本発明の石材用木質パレットは、複数本の断面矩形状の長尺状をなす座部用木質骨格材を、前後方向に延びるよう、かつ、左右方向に離間するよう互いに平行に配置し、前記座部用木質骨格材の上端面に板状木質材を左右方向に延びるよう固着してなる座部を備える。また、前記座部の板状木質材の左右両端部を、左右両端の座部用木質骨格材より左方及び右方に突出させてもよい。
【００１４】
ここで、本発明の石材用木質パレットは、複数本の断面矩形状の長尺状をなす座部用木質骨格材を、前後方向に延びるよう、かつ、左右方向に離間するよう互いに平行に配置し、前記座部用木質骨格材の上端面に板状木質材を左右方向に延びるよう固着してなる座部を備える。また、前記座部の左右の座部用木質骨格材と最も前側の板状木質材の左右両端部との間に形成される一対のコーナ部に、それぞれ、前記座部用木質骨格材の厚みと略同一の厚みを有し、前記コーナ部に対応する形状をなすブロック状木質材を固着してもよい。
【００１５】
請求項７に係る石材用木質パレットは、複数本の断面矩形状の長尺状をなす座部用木質骨格材を、前後方向に延びるよう、かつ、左右方向に離間するよう互いに平行に配置し、前記座部用木質骨格材の上端面に板状木質材を左右方向に延びるよう固着してなる座部と、断面矩形状の長尺状をなす背部用木質骨格材を、前記座部用木質骨格材に対して後方に約３度〜１０度の角度範囲で傾斜した状態で上下方向に延びるよう、かつ、互いに平行となるよう配置して連結固着し、前記背部用木質骨格材に板状木質材を左右方向に延びるよう固着してなる背部と、前記背部用木質骨格材を前記座部用木質骨格材に対して後方から支持するよう、前記背部用木質骨格材と前記座部用木質骨格材との間に固着された木質斜材とを具備する。
【００１６】
請求項８に係る石材用木質パレットは、石材を下方から支持するための座部と、石材を後方から支持するための背部と、前記座部及び背部を互いに連結する連結手段とを備える。前記座部は、複数本の断面矩形状の長尺状をなす座部用木質骨格材を、前後方向に延びるよう、かつ、左右方向に離間するよう互いに平行に配置し、前記座部用木質骨格材の後端側の所定長さの部分を座部用連結部とすると共に、前記座部用木質骨格材の上端面に板状木質材を左右方向に延びるよう固着してなり、前記背部は、断面矩形状の長尺状をなす背部用木質骨格材を、前記座部用木質骨格材の座部用連結部の各々に対して後方に傾斜した状態で上下方向に延びるよう互いに平行に配置し、前記背部用木質骨格材の下端側の所定長さの部分を背部用連結部とすると共に、前記背部用木質骨格材に板状木質材を左右方向に延びるよう固着してなり、前記連結手段は、左右一対の板状の木質連結材を含み、前記左右一対の木質連結材により前記座部用連結部及び前記背部用連結部を左右両側から挟んだ状態で、前記木質連結材の下側部を前記座部用連結部に固着すると共に、前記木質連結材の上側部を前記背部用連結部に固着することにより、前記座部及び前記背部を互いに移動不能に連結固定してなり、前記連結手段は、更に、前記背部用木質骨格材を前記座部用木質骨格材に対して後方から支持するよう、前記背部用木質骨格材と前記座部用木質骨格材との間に固着された木質斜材を含む。
【００１７】
請求項９に係る石材用木質パレットは、請求項８の構成において、前記背部を前記座部に対して後方に約３度〜１０度の角度範囲で傾斜させた状態で、前記木質連結材により前記座部及び前記背部を互いに移動不能に固定し、かつ、前記木質斜材により前記背部用木質骨格材を前記座部用木質骨格材に対して後方から支持した。
【００１８】
請求項１０に係る石材用木質パレットは、請求項８または９の構成において、前記木質連結材のうち、前記座部の左右両端の前記木質連結材の後部を、前記背部用木質骨格材の後側面から後方に突出させ、前記木質連結材のうち、前記座部の左右両端の木質連結材以外の木質連結材を、前記背部用木質骨格材と同一幅の長方形板状とし、前記背部用木質骨格材の左右の側面に合致させた状態で、前記座部の左右両端の前記木質連結材と共に前記背部用木質骨格材を前記座部用木質骨格材に連結するようにし、更に、長尺板状をなす補強用木質材を前記左右両端の木質連結材間に配置すると共に、前記補強用木質材の前側面を前記背部用木質骨格材及び前記左右両端の木質連結材以外の木質連結材の後端面に固着した。
【００１９】
請求項１１に係る石材用木質パレットは、請求項８または９の構成において、前記木質連結材が、合板からなり、前記木質斜材は、前記背部用木質骨格材の左右寸法の範囲内の厚みを有する板材からなり、前記座部用木質骨格材の上側面から前記背部用木質骨格材の後側面まで傾斜して延び、前記座部用木質骨格材に対して前記背部用木質骨格材を支持する。
【００２０】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を説明する。なお、各実施の形態を通じ、同一の部材、要素または部分には同一の符号を付して、その説明を省略する。
【００２１】
［実施の形態１］
図１は本発明の実施の形態１に係る石材用木質パレットを正面側から見て示す斜視図である。図２は本発明の実施の形態１に係る石材用木質パレットを示す側面図である。図３は本発明の実施の形態１に係る石材用木質パレットの要部を拡大して示す側面図である。図４は本発明の実施の形態１に係る石材用木質パレットを示す底面図である。
【００２２】
図１に示すように、実施の形態１に係る木質材料製の石材用パレット（石材用木質パレット）は、石材を積載して下方から支持するための座部１０と、積載した石材を後方から支持するための背部２０と、前記座部１０及び背部２０を互いに連結する連結手段３０とを備える。
【００２３】
前記座部１０は、複数本の断面矩形状の長尺状をなす座部用木質骨格材としての座部用平割材１１を、前後方向に延びるよう、かつ、左右方向に離間するよう互いに平行に配置している。また、座部１０は、座部用平割材１１の後端側に所定長さの部分を座部用連結部１１ａとして残した状態で、座部用平割材１１の上端面の略全体に板状木質材としての板材１２を左右方向に延びるよう釘打ちにより固着している。これにより、座部用平割材１１が板材１２により互いに連結され、全体が平板パレット状となるよう一体化されて、座部１０を構成している。
【００２４】
前記背部２０は、断面矩形状の長尺状をなす背部用木質骨格材としての背部用平割材２１を、前記座部用平割材１１の座部用連結部１１ａの上端面の各々に対して後方に傾斜した状態で上下方向に延びるよう、かつ、座部用平割材１１の間隔と同一間隔で左右方向に離間するよう互いに平行に配置している。また、背部２０は、背部用平割材２１の下端側に所定長さの部分を背部用連結部２１ａとして残した状態で、背部用平割材２１の後端面の一部に板状木質材としての板材２２を左右方向に延びるよう釘打ちにより固着している。これにより、背部用平割材２１が板材２２により互いに連結され、全体が一体化されて、背部２０を構成している。
【００２５】
前記連結手段３０は、左右一対の板状の木質連結材としての連結板３１ａ，３１ｂからなる。そして、左右一対の連結板３１ａ，３１ｂにより座部用連結部１２ａ及び背部用連結部２２ａを左右両側から挟んだ状態で、連結板３１ａ，３１ｂの下側部を座部用連結部１２ａに固着すると共に、連結板３１ａ，３１ｂの上側部を背部用連結部２２ａに固着している。これにより、連結板３１ａ，３１ｂを介して、座部１０及び背部２０を互いに前後方向及び左右方向への移動または傾動不能に連結固定している。
【００２６】
［連結板の構成］
図２及び図３に示すように、実施の形態１では、連結板３１ａ，３１ｂとして２種類の連結板３１ａ，３１ｂを使用する。両連結板３１ａ，３１ｂは、それぞれ、座部用平割材１１の下側面と略同一方向（前後方向）に延びる下端面３１ａ１，３１ｂ１と、前記下端面３１ａ１，３１ｂ１に対して前記背部用平割材２１の傾斜角度θと略同一の傾斜角度で後方に傾斜する前端面３１ａ２，３１ｂ２とを有する。また、座部用平割材１１または背部用平割材２１の左右両端（最も外側）に位置する合計２枚の連結板３１ａは、それぞれ、三角形の２つのコーナの頂点部分を切り取った形状の変形五角形板状をなす。一方、座部用平割材１１または背部用平割材２１の中央（内側）に位置する合計４５枚の連結板３１ｂは、それぞれ、長方形の１つのコーナの頂点部分を切り取った形状の変形五角形板状をなす。即ち、連結板３１ｂは、連結板３１ａの前側及び中央部分に完全に重複する。そして、連結板３１ａの後側部は、連結板３１ｂの後端から後方に突出する。これにより、連結板３１ｂの後端面３１ｂ３と背部用平割材２１の背部用連結部２１ａの上端面２１ａ１との間に、三角形状の空間が形成される。
【００２７】
なお、座部１０は、座部用平割材１１の後端側の所定長さの部分を座部用連結部１１ａとして確保できる限りにおいて、上記以外の構成とすることもできる。同様に、背部２０は、背部用平割材２１の下端側の所定長さの部分を背部用連結部２１ａとして確保できる限りにおいて、上記以外の構成とすることもできる。即ち、座部用連結部１１ａ及び背部用連結部２１ａは、前記連結板３１ａ，３１ｂを固着するための部分であり、連結板３１ａ，３１ｂの形状や固着態様に依存して、その位置や長さが決定する。よって、例えば、座部１０の板材１２及び背部２０の板材２２は、前記連結板３１ａ，３１ｂと干渉せず、連結板３１ａ，３１ｂによる座部用連結部１１ａ及び背部用連結部２１ａの連結を妨げない限りにおいて、座部１０の後端部及び背部２０の下端部に固着することもできる。また、背部２０の板材２２は、背部用平割材２１の後端面ではなく前端面に固着することもでき、或いは、背部用平割材２１の前端面及び後端面の両方に固着することもできる。
【００２８】
ここで、前記背部２０を前記座部１０に対して後方に約３度〜１０度の角度範囲で傾斜させた状態で、連結板３１ａ，３１ｂにより前記座部１０及び前記背部２０を互いに移動不能に固定することが好ましい。背部２０の傾斜角度が３度より小さいと、縦積みした石材を背部２０に凭れた状態で支持したときに、石材が前方に倒れる可能性もある。一方、背部２０の傾斜角度が１０度より大きいと、凭れかかる石材から背部２０に加わる荷重が大きく、積載する石材の枚数（総重量）によっては、背部２０が石材の荷重を十分に支持できなくなる可能性もある。更に、本発明は、前記背部２０を座部１０に対して後方に約３度〜７度の範囲の角度で傾斜させた状態で、連結板３１ａ，３１ｂにより前記座部１０及び前記背部２０を互いに移動不能に固定することが一層好ましい（更に一層好ましくは３度〜５度）。背部２０の傾斜角度を約３度〜５度の範囲の角度とした場合、石材を背部２０に安定して凭れた状態で支持するができ、かつ、通常の使用状態で石材を満載した場合でも、背部２０が石材の荷重を十分に支持することができる。
【００２９】
［フォーク挿入時の補強板］
前記連結板３１ａ，３１ｂの後部は、前記背部用平割材２１の後側面から後方に突出している。更に、前記連結板３１ａ，３１ｂのうち、座部１０の左右両端の連結板３１ａ以外の連結板３１ｂの後端面３１ｂ３は、左右両端の連結板３１ａの後端面より前方の位置で略垂直方向に延びるよう形成される。そして、長尺状をなす板状の補強用木質材としての補強板３５が、前記左右両端の連結板３１ａ間に配置され、その前側面を中央の連結板３１ｂの後端面３１ｂ３に当接させた状態で、その後側面側から釘打ちすることにより、連結板３１ｂの後側に固着される。なお、補強板３５は、その左右両端面を左右両端の連結板３１ａの内側面に当接させた状態で、更に連結板３１ａの外側面側から釘打ちすることにより、連結板３１ａの内側にも固着することが好ましい。
【００３０】
前記連結板３１ｂの幅は、連結板３１の後端面３１ｂ３と座部用連結部１１ａの上側面１１ａ１との間に、補強板３５を取付けるための三角形状の空間を形成できる限りにおいて、できるだけ大きくすることが好ましい。連結板３１ｂの幅が大きいほど、連結板３１ｂによる特に座部用連結部１１ａの固着面積が増大し、かつ、連結板３１ｂ自体の面積も増大するため、座部用平割材１１と背部用平割材２１との連結強度を増大することができる。よって、連結板３１ｂの後端面３１ｂ３はできるだけ後方に位置させる方がよい。なお、前記連結板３１ａ，３１ｂの形状は、座部用連結部１１ａと背部用連結部２１ａとを連結できる限りにおいて、図１〜５に示す以外の形状とすることができる。
【００３１】
［板材の突出部］
ここで、前記座部１０及び前記背部２０の板材１２，２２は、左右両端の座部用平割材１１及び背部用平割材２１の間隔（左右寸法）より大きな長さを有する。そして、板材１２，２２は、各々の左右両端部が左右両端の座部用平割材１１及び背部用平割材２１から所定寸法（例えば５ｃｍ）左方及び右方に突出するよう、座部用平割材１１及び背部用平割材２１に固着される。
【００３２】
［製造方法］
次に、上記のように構成した実施の形態１に係る石材用木質パレットの製造方法の一例について説明する。
【００３３】
石材用木質パレットを製造するには、例えば、まず、同一左右位置に配置される座部用平割材１１と背部用平割材２１とを、対応する左右一対の連結板３１ａ，３１ｂにより連結する。即ち、座部用平割材１１に対して背部用平割材２１を所定角度θで後方に傾斜させた状態で、座部用連結部１１ａ及び背部用連結部２１ａを連結板３１ａ，３１ｂ間に挟んで互いに固定する。このとき、連結板３１ａ，３１ｂの下端面３１ａ１，３１ｂａを座部用連結部１１ａの下側面に合致させた状態で、背部用平割材２１の背部用連結部２１ａの前側面を連結板３１ａ，３１ｂの前端面３１ａ２，３１ｂ２に位置合わせすることにより、座部用平割材１１に対して背部用平割材２１を自動的に所定の傾斜角度θで位置合わせすることができる。そして、この状態で、左右一対の連結板３１ａ，３１ｂを背部用連結部２１ａに対して釘打ち等により固着することにより、座部用平割材１１に対して背部用平割材２１を所定の傾斜角度θで連結固定することができる。その結果、座部用平割材１１に対する背部用平割材２１の位置決めを簡単に行うことができ、作業性を向上することができる。
【００３４】
こうして３個の座部用平割材１１及び背部用平割材２１の連結体を製造したら、これらを左右に等間隔で平行に並べ、座部用平割材１１に板材１２を、背部用平割材２１に板材２２を、それぞれ釘打ち等により貼り付ける。そして、補強板３５を連結板３１ｂの後端面３１ｂ３の下端側に固着する。このとき、補強板３５の下端面と前側面との間の角部（コーナ部）を、座部用連結部１１ａの上側面１１ａ１と連結板３１ｂの後端面３１ｂ３との間のコーナ部に合致させて当接させることにより、補強板３５を簡単に位置決めすることができる。そして、この状態で、補強板３５を連結板３１ａ，３１ｂに対して釘打ち等により簡単に固着することができる。これにより、補強板３５が、背部用平割材２１の後端に固着され、背部用平割材２１間を連結して補強する。
【００３５】
［使用方法］
次に、上記のように構成した実施の形態１に係る石材用木質パレットの使用方法について説明する。
【００３６】
石材を積載しない非使用時には、多数の石材用木質パレットが、上下方向に積み重ねて多段積みした状態で、倉庫等の格納場所に保管され、また、石材を積載する石材工場等の現場に移送される。よって、石材用木質パレットは、図５に示すように補強板３５を固着しない状態で縦積みし、石材を積載するときに補強板３５を後付けで固着するよう構成することが好ましい。図５は実施の形態１に係る石材用パレット０において補強板を後付けする場合を示す正面図である。即ち、石材用木質パレットを多段積みして搬送するときには、補強板３５は石材用木質パレットに固着せず、分離した状態で別個に搬送し、石材Ｓの積載現場で使用するときに固着する。こうすると、空の石材用木質パレットを上下に積み重ねて保管及び／または移送するときに、補強板３５が邪魔になることがなく、より多くの石材用木質パレットを多段積みすることができ、その積み重ね数を増大することができる。補強板３５を後付する場合、補強板３５がある場合と比較して、２倍の数の石材用木質パレットを多段積みすることができる。
【００３７】
一方、石材用木質パレットの使用時には、図２に示すように、各石材用木質パレットに石材Ｓを縦積みして積載する。即ち、矩形板状等の形状をなす石材Ｓを背部２０に寄りかからせた状態で順次座部１０の前後方向に積み重ねて積載していく。所定枚数の石材Ｓを石材用木質パレットに縦積みしたら、石材ＳをＰＰバンド等の締結用バンドＢにより座部１０上に締結して固定し、搬送時に石材Ｓが座部１０から移動したり脱落したりしないようにする。そして、この状態で、フォークリフトの左右一対のフォークを、背部２０の後方から座部用平割材１１間に形成された前後方向に延びる左右一対の凹部空間にそれぞれ挿入し、フォークにより座部１０の板材１２を介して石材用木質パレットを上下動して、トラックの荷台等に積み降ろしする。このとき、フォークの基端側の上側面が、石材用木質パレットの補強板３５の下端面に当接する。したがって、補強板３５がない場合は、フォークを介して座部１０の板材１２に石材Ｓの荷重が直接加わることになるが、本実施の形態では、補強板３５により石材Ｓの荷重が分担される。その結果、フォークリフトによる搬送時に、座部１０の板材１２の割れ等を効果的に防止することができる。また、背部２０に対して左右方向への応力が加わったときの背部２０の横ぶれを補強板３５により効果的に防止することができる。
【００３８】
［作用及び効果］
次に、上記のように構成した実施の形態１に係る石材用木質パレットの作用及び効果について説明する。
【００３９】
石材用木質パレットは、全体が木質材料からなるため、安価であり、また、スチール製のパレットのように石材Ｓを破損したり傷付けたりするおそれがない。更に、石材用木質パレットは、左右一対の連結板３１ａ，３１ｂにより、座部用平割材１１の座部用連結部１１ａ及び背部用平割材２１の背部用連結部２１ａを左右両側から挟んだ状態で支持するため、座部用連結部１１ａ及び背部用連結部２１ａを面的に支持して連結することができる。したがって、座部１０と背部２０との連結面積が増大する。特に、石材用木質パレットの前後方向（背部２０の傾斜方向）における連結強度が飛躍的に増大する。よって、石材用木質パレットは、背部２０の前方及び（背部の傾斜方向である）後方への荷重に対する強度（最大支持荷重）を十分に確保することができる。その結果、座部１０に対する背部２０の傾斜角度θを大きくしても、石材Ｓの後方荷重により背部２０が後方に倒れることはない。本実施の形態では、積載する石材の枚数及び重量等によるが、通常想定される使用状態では、座部１０に対して背部２０を約１０度まで傾斜させることができる。これにより、座部１０に縦積みした石材Ｓを背部２０に大きな傾斜角度θで寄りかからせて支持することができ、石材Ｓをより安定した状態で搬送または運搬することができる。また、本実施の形態に係る石材用木質パレットでは、石材Ｓ等による背部２０に対する前方荷重に対しても、背部２０は容易に前方に倒れることはない。
【００４０】
発明者等による実験結果によれば、本実施の形態に係る石材用木質パレットは、特に、前方荷重に対する強度（最大支持荷重）が飛躍的に増大することが確認されている。例えば、図１に示すタイプの石材用木質パレットの場合、次の条件下で計測すると、凭れかかる石材に対する背部２０の耐荷重は以下の通りであった。
【００４１】
寸法＝Ｗ８００ｍｍ＊Ｌ９００ｍｍ＊Ｈ８００ｍｍ
積載総重量＝１２００ｋｇ
背部２０の傾斜角度＝約５度
【００４２】
最大後方支持耐荷重（後方への耐荷重）＝約２００ｋｇ
これは、通常の使用条件（石材の最大積載枚数及び最大荷重等）を考慮しても十分な値である。
【００４３】
最大前方支持耐荷重（前方への耐荷重）＝約２４０ｋｇ
これは、通常の使用条件を考慮しても十分以上の値である。
【００４４】
加えて、背部２０を座部１０に対して面的に連結することにより、石材用木質パレットの前後方向のみならず、左右方向においても座部１０に対する背部２０の連結強度を増大することができる。よって、座部１０に石材Ｓを積載したときに、左右方向への応力が加わった場合でも、背部２０が横ぶれすることを防止することができ、座部１０に対する背部２０の座屈を防止することができる。
【００４５】
また、連結板３１ａ，３１ｂは、構造合板等の安価な合板により構成することができ、石材用木質パレットの製造コストを一層低減することができる。
【００４６】
ここで、座部１０及び背部２０の板材１２，２２の左右両端が、左右両端の座部用平割材１１及び背部用平割材２１と面一にある場合、座部用平割材１１及び背部用平割材２１に板材１２，２２を釘打ちしたときに、釘打ちにより板材１２，２２の左右両端が割れてしまう可能性がある。しかし、本実施の形態では、板材１２，２２の左右両端の突出部分により、釘打ちによる割れ方向（板材１２，２２の幅方向）への応力が吸収されるため、板材１２，２２の割れを効果的に防止することができる。
【００４７】
［釘の対角打ち］
なお、左右一対の連結板３１ａ，３１ｂを座部用連結部１１ａ及び背部用連結部２１ａに釘打ちする場合、通常は、座部用連結部１１ａ及び背部用連結部２１ａの長さ方向に沿って直線的に一定間隔で釘を打つ。しかし、連結板３１ａ，３１ｂには、座部用連結部１１ａ及び背部用連結部２１ａの上下方向に沿って幅方向に交互に位置をずらしながら釘をジグザグ状に打つこともできる。こうすると、連結板３１ａ，３１ｂの面方向に加わる荷重を、ジグザグ状に打った釘により面方向に均等に分散して負担することができ、連結板３１ａ，３１ｂによる座部１０及び背部２０の連結強度を一層増大することができる。更に、この場合、左右一対の連結板３１ａ，３１ｂの一方と他方とでジグザグ方向が対称となるよう釘打ちすることもできる（釘の対角打ち）。例えば、一方の連結板３１ａ，３１ｂには、（座部用連結部１１ａ及び背部用連結部２１ａの厚さ方向一側から見て）左、右、左、右の順で４本の釘をジグザグに打ち、他方の連結板３１ａ，３１ｂには、（座部用連結部１１ａ及び背部用連結部２１ａの厚さ方向一側から見て）右、左、右、左の順で４本の釘をジグザグに打つ。こうすると、左右一対の連結板３１ａ，３１ｂの面方向に加わる荷重を、対角打ちした釘により面方向に一層均等に分散して負担することができ、連結板３１ａ，３１ｂによる座部１０及び背部２０の連結強度を一層増大することができる。
【００４８】
［幅広の板材の使用］
なお、本実施の形態では、各板材１２，２２として、幅の広い板材（背幅板）を使用する。この場合、背幅板からなる板材１２，２２を上下方向に略一定間隔で配置した３本の釘打ちにより座部用平割材１１及び背部用平割材２１に固着することが好ましい。こうすると、板材１２，２２が前後方向または上下方向にねじれることを効果的に防止することができる。また、背幅板を使用することにより、石材用木質パレット全体の強度が高くなる。
【００４９】
［実施の形態２：補強板固着用のブロック材］
図６は本発明の実施の形態２に係る石材用木質パレットの要部を示す斜視図である。
【００５０】
実施の形態２に係る石材用木質パレットは、実施の形態１に係る石材用木質パレットにおいて、補強板３５を固着するためのブロック状木質材を更に備えている。その他の構成は実施の形態１と同様である。具体的には、図６に示すように、実施の形態２では、前記各一対の連結板３１ａ，３１ｂ間の隙間に、対応する幅のブロック状木質材としての埋込ブロック材４１が挿入され、釘打ちにより固着されている。このとき、埋込ブロック材４１は、その後端面が連結板３１ａ，３１ｂの後端面と略面一となるよう配置される。なお、埋込ブロック材４１の固着は、連結板３１ａ，３１ｂの外側から釘打ちしたり、座部用平割材１１に対して釘打ちしたりして行うことができる。そして、実施の形態２では、前記補強板３５は、連結板３１ａ，３１ｂの後端面に配置され、埋込ブロック材４１の後端面に釘打ちにより固着されている。なお、このとき、補強板３５を連結板３１ａ，３１ｂの後端面にも釘打ちにより固着することも可能である。
【００５１】
実施の形態２では、補強板３５の前側面を、連結板３１ａ，３１ｂの後端面に当接させた状態で、補強板３５を埋込ブロック材４１に対して釘打ちにより簡単に固着することができる。これにより、実施の形態１におけると同様の作用及び効果を補強板３５が発揮する。
【００５２】
［実施の形態３：バンド収容用切欠き凹部］
図７は本発明の実施の形態３に係る石材用木質パレットを背面側から見て示す斜視図である。
【００５３】
実施の形態３に係る石材用木質パレットは、実施の形態１に係る石材用木質パレットにおいて、締結バンドＢを収容するための切欠き凹部１２ａを更に備えている。その他の構成は実施の形態１と同様である。具体的には、図７に示すように、実施の形態３では、座部１０の最も前側の板材１２の前端縁に左右一対の切欠き凹部１２ａを切欠いて形成している。切欠き凹部１２ａは左右の座部用平割材１１と中央の座部用平割材１１との間の左右方向略中央位置にそれぞれ形成される。また、各切欠き凹部１２ａは略矩形状の平面形状を有している。
【００５４】
ここで、座部１０の最も前側の板材１２の前端縁に切欠き凹部１２ａを設けない場合、座部１０に石材Ｓを積載して締結バンドにより座部１０上に締結して固定するときに、最も前側の板材の前端が、締結バンドＢの締結圧力により割れてしまう可能性がある。しかし、実施の形態３では、石材Ｓの締結時には、締結バンドＢは切欠き凹部１２ａに収容され、切欠き凹部１２ａ内で板材１２に当接する。したがって、締結バンドＢの締結圧力が板材１２の切欠き凹部１２ａの周縁部分により均等に吸収される。その結果、最も前側の板材１２の割れを効果的に防止することができる。
【００５５】
［実施の形態４：ワイヤ収容溝］
図８は本発明の実施の形態４に係る石材用木質パレットの要部を示す側面図である。
【００５６】
石材を石材用木質パレットで搬送する場合において、所定の場合には、石材用木質パレットの座部１０にワイヤを玉掛けして、クレーンにより建築現場のビルの高所等に移送する場合がある。この場合、ワイヤは、座部１０の左右方向に玉掛けする。そこで、実施の形態４に係る石材用木質パレットは、実施の形態１に係る石材用木質パレットにおいて、座部用平割材１１の下側面において前後の位置に、それぞれ、ワイヤＷを収容するための収容溝１１ｂを形成している。その他の構成は実施の形態１と同様である。具体的には、図８に示すように、各座部用平割材１１の前側及び後側の所定位置には、それぞれ、収容溝１１ｂが座部用平割材１１の幅方向に延びるよう形成されている。よって、座部用平割材１１の前側の３個の収容溝１１ｂ及び後側の３個の収容溝１１ｂは、それぞれ、座部１０の左右方向に一直線上に連続している。
【００５７】
実施の形態４の石材用木質パレットでは、座部１０の前側及び後側において、それぞれ、ワイヤＷを座部用平割材１１の収容溝１１ｂに沿って収容配置し、玉掛けすることができる。こうすると、座部用平割材１１においてワイヤＷが当接する部分である下端の割れを効果的に防止することができる。また、石材用木質パレットを移送場所等の地面や床面に載置したときに、玉掛けしたワイヤＷが邪魔になることがない。よって、石材用木質パレットを移送場所等の地面や床面に載置した後、石材用木質パレットを持ち上げることなく、玉掛けしたワイヤＹを座部１０から簡単に抜き取ることができる。なお、収容溝１１ｂの代わりに、座部用平割材１１を幅方向に貫通する貫通孔を形成しても同様の効果が得られる。
【００５８】
［実施の形態５：左右へのかしぎ防止構造］
図９は本発明の実施の形態５に係る石材用木質パレットの要部を示す正面図である。
【００５９】
実施の形態５に係る石材用木質パレットは、実施の形態１に係る石材用木質パレットにおいて、座部用平割材１１の厚み（上下方向寸法）を、左右のものより中央のものが所定寸法Ｘだけ小さくなるようにしている。その他の構成は実施の形態１と同様である。具体的には、図９に示すように、実施の形態５では、座部１０の左右方向に等間隔で配置した３本の座部用平割材１１のうち、中央の座部用平割材１１Ｃの厚みを、左右の座部用平割材１１Ｓの厚みより所定寸法Ｘだけ若干小さくしている。そして、座部１０に石材Ｓを積載しない通常状態では、左右の座部用平割材１１Ｓが地面Ｇに接触すると共に、中央の座部用平割材１１Ｃの下側面が地面Ｇから上方に位置するようにしている。一方、石材Ｓを積載した積載状態では、石材Ｓの荷重により座部１０の板材１２の左右中央が下方に弾性的に湾曲して、左右の座部用平割材１１Ｓ及び中央の座部用平割材１１Ｃが全て地面Ｇに接触するようにしている。
【００６０】
ここで、全て（図示の例では３本）の平割材１１の厚みを同一とした場合、地面Ｇが平坦でなかったり、或いは、左右及び中央に位置する全ての座部用平割材１１１の下側面が面一でなかったりした場合、左右の座部用平割材１１のいずれか一方と、中央の座部用平割材１１とが地面Ｇに接触し、左右の座部用平割材１１の他方が地面Ｇから浮き上がる可能性がある。この場合、座部１０が中央の座部用平割材１１を支点としてやじろべえのように左右にかしいでしまい、軋みやぐらつきを生じたり、座部１０に石材Ｓを積載したときにその荷重により座部１０が座屈したりする可能性がある。しかし、実施の形態５では、座部１０に石材Ｓを積載しない通常状態では、中央の座部用平割材１１Ｃの下側面が地面Ｇから上方に浮き上がった位置にあるため、必ず、左右の座部用平割材１１Ｓのみが地面Ｇに接触する。これにより、座部１０が中央の座部用平割材１１Ｃを支点としてやじろべえのように左右にかしぐことはない。したがって、座部１０に軋みやぐらつきを生じたり、座部１０に石材Ｓを積載したときにその荷重により座部１０が座屈したりすることはない。また、座部１０に石材Ｓを積載した積載状態では、石材Ｓの荷重により座部１０の左右中央が下方に弾性的に湾曲して、左右の座部用平割材１１Ｓ及び中央の座部用平割材１１Ｃが、全て地面に接触する。そのため、全ての座部用平割材１１Ｓ，１１Ｃにより座部１０を支持し、石材Ｓの荷重を安定して確実に負担することができる。
【００６１】
前記中央の座部用平割材１１Ｃの厚みと、左右の座部用平割材１１Ｓの厚みとの差（寸法Ｘ）は、任意の寸法とすることができるが、通常は、１ｍｍ〜５ｍｍの範囲とすることが好ましい。１ｍｍ未満では、製造時の寸法誤差や寸法精度等により、中央の座部用平割材１１Ｃの厚みと、左右の座部用平割材１１Ｓの厚みとの寸法差を十分確保できない可能性がある。一方、５ｍｍを超えると、中央の座部用平割材１１Ｃの強度が低下する可能性がある。しかし、中央の座部用平割材１１Ｃ及び左右の座部用平割材１１Ｓの厚みの差を確保でき、かつ、中央の座部用平割材１１Ｃの強度を確保できる限りにおいて、他の寸法Ｘを採用することも無論可能である。
【００６２】
ところで、前記座部用平割材１１は、座部１０の左右方向に等間隔で少なくとも３本配置すればよく、４本以上配置することもできる。いずれの場合も、上記のように、中央の座部用平割材１１の厚みを、左右の座部用平割材１１の厚みより若干小さくすればよい。
【００６３】
［実施の形態６：コーナブロック］
図１０は本発明の実施の形態６に係る石材用木質パレットの要部を座部の下面側から見て示す斜視図である。
【００６４】
実施の形態６に係る石材用木質パレットは、実施の形態１に係る石材用木質パレットにおいて、更に、座部１０の座屈を防止する等の目的でコーナブロック５１を備えている。その他の構成は実施の形態１と同様である。即ち、実施の形態１では、座部１０の左右の座部用平割材１１の前端部の外側と、最も前側の板材１２の左右両端部（座部用平割材１１から左右に突出する突出部分）との間には、左右一対の外側コーナ部が形成される。そして、図１０に示すように、実施の形態６に係る石材用木質パレットは、かかる左右の外側コーナ部に、それぞれ、ブロック状木質材としてのコーナブロック５１を固着している。各コーナブロック５１は、座部用平割材１１の厚みと略同一の厚みを有し、コーナ部に対応する直方体形状をなしている。更に、実施の形態６に係る石材用木質パレットは、左右の座部用平割材１１の前端部の内側と、最も前側の板材１２との間に形成される左右一対の内側コーナ部にも、それぞれ、同様のコーナブロック５１を固着している。なお、かかる内側コーナ部のコーナブロック５１は省略することもできる。
【００６５】
ここで、座部１０に石材Ｓを積載したときに、板材１２の左右両端の突出部分のいずれかに石材Ｓの荷重が偏って加わった場合、座部１０が左右に座屈する可能性がある。しかし、実施の形態６では、板材１２の左右両端の突出部分の下面側の外側コーナ部に存在するコーナブロック５１が、地面に接触して、板材１２の左右両端の突出部分に加わる石材Ｓの荷重を確実に支持する。その結果、座部１０の座屈を効果的に防止することができる。更に、内側コーナのコーナブロック５１が、同様に地面に接触して、板材１２の左右両端の突出部分に加わる石材Ｓの荷重を確実に支持する。その結果、座部１０の座屈を一層効果的に防止することができる。
【００６６】
［実施の形態７〜１０］
以下に述べる実施の形態７〜１０に係る石材用木質パレットは、座部の奥行き（前後方向寸法）や幅（左右方向寸法）、及び／または、背部の幅（左右方向寸法）や高さ（上下方向寸法）が、実施の形態１の石材用木質パレットと異なる。そして、各種寸法の異なる石材用木質パレットは、対応する各種寸法の石材を積載及び搬送するために使用される。
【００６７】
［実施の形態７］
図１１は本発明の実施の形態７に係る石材用木質パレットを示す斜視図である。
実施の形態７に係る石材用木質パレットは、実施の形態１に係る石材用木質パレットにおいて、背部２０Ａの高さを実施の形態１より小さくしている。即ち、図１１に示すように、実施の形態７では、背部用平割材２１Ａとして、実施の形態１の背部用平割材２１より低い高さのものが使用される。また、背部用平割材２１Ａには、その上端に１枚の板材２２が固着されている。その他の構成は実施の形態１と同様である。
【００６８】
［実施の形態８］
図１２は本発明の実施の形態８に係る石材用木質パレットを示す斜視図である。
実施の形態８に係る石材用木質パレットは、実施の形態１に係る石材用木質パレットにおいて、座部１０Ｂの奥行き並びに背部２０Ｂの高さを実施の形態１より小さくしている。即ち、図１２に示すように、実施の形態８では、座部用平割材１１Ｂとして、実施の形態１の座部用平割材１１より短い長さのものが使用される。また、座部用平割材１１Ｂには、３枚の板材１２が固着されている。更に、実施の形態８に係る石材用木質パレットは、実施の形態７と同様の背部２０Ａを備えている。その他の構成は実施の形態１と同様である。
【００６９】
［実施の形態９］
図１３は本発明の実施の形態９に係る石材用木質パレットを示す斜視図である。
実施の形態９に係る石材用木質パレットは、実施の形態１に係る石材用木質パレットにおいて、座部１０Ｂの幅並びに背部２０Ｂの幅を実施の形態１より小さくしている。即ち、図１３に示すように、実施の形態９に係る石材用木質パレットは、実施の形態１と同様の座部用平割材１１を２本使用する。座部用平割材１１には、実施の形態１の板材１２より長さの短い４枚の板材１２Ｃが固着されている。更に、実施の形態９に係る石材用木質パレットは、実施の形態１と同様の背部用平割材２１を２本使用する。背部用平割材２１には、実施の形態１の板材２２より長さの短い２枚の板材２２Ｃが固着されている。また、連結板３１ａ，３１ｂには、実施の形態１の補強板３５より長さの短い補強板３５Ｃが固着されている。その他の構成は実施の形態１と同様である。
【００７０】
［実施の形態１０］
図１４は本発明の実施の形態１０に係る石材用木質パレットを示す斜視図である。
実施の形態１０に係る石材用木質パレットは、実施の形態１に係る石材用木質パレットにおいて、座部１０Ｂの幅を実施の形態１より大きくすると共に、その奥行きを実施の形態１より小さくしている。また、背部２０Ｂの幅を実施の形態１より大きくしている。即ち、図１４に示すように、実施の形態１０に係る石材用木質パレットは、実施の形態８と同様の座部用平割材１１Ｂを４本使用する。座部用平割材１１Ｂには、実施の形態１の板材１２より長さの長い３枚の板材１２Ｄが固着されている。更に、実施の形態１０に係る石材用木質パレットは、実施の形態１と同様の背部用平割材２１を４本使用する。背部用平割材２１には、実施の形態１の板材２２より長さの長い２枚の板材２２Ｄが固着されている。また、連結板３１ａ，３１ｂには、実施の形態１の補強板３５より長さの長い補強板３５Ｄが固着されている。その他の構成は実施の形態１と同様である。
【００７１】
［実施の形態１１］
図１５は本発明の実施の形態１１に係る石材用木質パレットを示す斜視図である。
【００７２】
図１５に示すように、実施の形態１１に係る石材用木質パレットは、上記各実施の形態と同様の座部１１０と背部１２０とを備えている。座部１１０の左右両端には、それぞれ、一対の長尺状の平割材１１１が、前後方向に延びるよう平割材１１１の厚みの間隔を置いて配置されている。また、座部１１０の左右中央には、１本の平割材１１１が前後方向に延びるよう配置されている。平割材１１１は、その幅方向が上下方向となるよう、かつ、互いに平行に配置されている。平割材１１１の上面には、複数枚（図１５では４枚）の板材１１２が、左右方向に延びるよう配置され、釘打ちして固着されている。
【００７３】
一方、背部１２０は、左右両端及び中央に、それぞれ、長尺状の平割材１２１を上下方向に延びるよう配置している。左右の平割材１２１の下端部は、それぞれ、座部１１０の左右各一対の平割材１１１の後端部より所定距離前方の位置に挟んだ状態で釘打ちして固着されている。中央の平割材１２１は、座部１１０の中央の平割材１１１の後端部より所定距離前方の位置に釘打ちして固着されている。各平割材１２１の後方には、短い平割材の一端を斜めに切除した形状の補強斜材１２５が前方に傾斜した状態で配置されている。左右の補強斜材１２５の後端部は、それぞれ、左右各一対の平割材１１１の後端部に挟んだ状態で釘打ちして固着されている。中央の補強斜材１２５の後端部は、中央の平割材１１１の後端部に釘打ちして固着されている。そして、各補強斜材１２５の前端部は、その斜めに切除した端面を、対応する平割材１２１の後端面に密接させた状態で釘打ちにより固着されている。平割材１２１の上端部及び上下方向略中央部には、それぞれ、板材１２２が、左右方向に延びるよう配置され、釘打ちして固着されている。
【００７４】
この石材用木質パレットは、縦積みした石材をある程度後方に傾斜した状態で背部１２０に持たれかけさせることができるよう、座部１１０に対して背部１２０を所定の角度で後方に傾斜させている。一方、石材用木質パレットでは、背部１２０の平割材１２１の下端部を座部１１０の平割材１１１に釘打ちして固定すると共に、補強斜材１２５により平割材１２１を後方から連結支持し、背部１２０が後方に倒れるのを防止するようになっている。
【００７５】
ここで、前記背部１２０を前記座部１１０に対して後方に約３度〜１０度の角度範囲で傾斜させた状態で、前記釘打ち及び補強斜材１２５により前記座部１１０及び前記背部１２０を互いに移動不能に固定することが好ましい。背部１２０の傾斜角度が３度より小さいと、縦積みした石材を背部１２０に凭れた状態で支持したときに、石材が前方に倒れる可能性もある。一方、背部１２０の傾斜角度が１０度より大きいと、凭れかかる石材から背部１２０に加わる荷重が大きく、積載する石材の枚数（総重量）によっては、背部１２０が石材の荷重を十分に支持できなくなる可能性もある。更に、本発明は、前記背部１２０を座部１１０に対して後方に約３度〜７度の範囲の角度で傾斜させた状態で、前記釘打ち及び補強斜材１２５により前記座部１１０及び前記背部１２０を互いに移動不能に固定することが一層好ましい（更に一層好ましくは３度〜５度）。背部１２０の傾斜角度を約３度〜５度の範囲の角度とした場合、石材を背部１２０に安定して凭れた状態で支持するができ、かつ、通常の使用状態で石材を満載した場合でも、背部１２０が石材の荷重を十分に支持することができる。
【００７６】
発明者等の実験結果によれば、例えば、図１５に示すタイプの石材用木質パレットの場合、次の条件下で計測すると、凭れかかる石材に対する背部１２０の耐荷重は以下の通りであった。
【００７７】
寸法＝Ｗ８００ｍｍ＊Ｌ９００ｍｍ＊Ｈ８００ｍｍ
積載総重量＝１２００ｋｇ
背部１２０の傾斜角度＝約５度
【００７８】
最大後方支持耐荷重（後方への耐荷重）＝約２４０ｋｇ
これは、通常の使用条件（石材の最大積載枚数及び最大荷重等）を考慮しても十分以上の値である。
【００７９】
最大前方支持耐荷重（前方への耐荷重）＝約１１０ｋｇ
これは、通常の使用条件を考慮しても十分な値である。
【００８０】
なお、本実施の形態に係る石材用木質パレットにおいても、実施の形態１に係る石材用木質パレットにおけるように、板材１１２，１２２の左右両端部を左右両端の座部用平割材１１１及び背部用平割材１２１から左方及び右方に突出させることもできる。即ち、実施の形態１１に係る石材用木質パレットは、図１５では、座部１１０の板材１１２及び背部１２０の板材１２２の左右両端が、それぞれ、座部用平割材１１１及び背部用平割材１２１の左右両端と面一にあるように示されている。しかし、座部１１０の板材１１２及び背部１２０の板材１２２を、座部用平割材１１１及び背部用平割材１２１の左右両端から左右に突出させることもできる。
【００８１】
また、本実施の形態に係る石材用木質パレットにおいて、実施の形態３の構成（締結バンドを収容するための切欠き凹部）を採用することもできる。即ち、実施の形態３と同様、図１５に示す石材用木質パレットにおいても、最も前側の板材１１２の前端縁に切欠き凹部１２ａを設けることができる。更に、実施の形態３に係る切欠き凹部１２ａの構成は、座部１０または座部１１０と同様の座部を有する限りにおいて、その他の構成の各種の石材用木質パレットに適用することができる。
【００８２】
更に、本実施の形態に係る石材用木質パレットにおいて、実施の形態４の構成（ワイヤを収容するための収容溝）を採用することもできる。即ち、実施の形態４と同様、図１５に示す石材用木質パレットにおいても、座部用平割材１１１の下側面において前後の位置に、それぞれ、ワイヤＷを収容するための収容溝１１ｂ（または貫通孔）を形成することができる。なお、実施の形態４の構成は、座部１０または座部１１０と同様の座部を有する限りにおいて、その他の構成の各種の石材用木質パレットに適用することができる。
【００８３】
更にまた、本実施の形態に係る石材用木質パレットにおいて、実施の形態５の構成（左右へのかしぎ防止構造）を採用することもできる。即ち、実施の形態５と同様、図１５に示す石材用木質パレットにおいても、中央の座部用平割材１１１の厚みを、左右の座部用平割材１１１の厚みより所定寸法Ｘだけ若干小さくすることもできる。なお、実施の形態５の構成は、座部１０及び座部１１０と同様の座部を有する限りにおいて、その他の構成の各種の石材用木質パレットに適用することができる。
【００８４】
［製造コストの比較］
上記実施の形態１１の石材用木質パレットは、材料として、平割材１１１、板材１１２、平割材１２１、平割材からなる補強斜材１２５及び板材１２２を使用する。また、石材用木質パレットは、石材を座部１１０に載せたとき、その荷重により座部１１０（特に平割材１１１）が左右に座屈しないよう、座部１００の左右に各一対の平割材１１１を配置している。また、石材の後方荷重により背部１２０が後方に倒れないよう、補強斜材１２５を使用する。
【００８５】
一方、上記実施の形態１〜１０に係る石材用木質パレットは、実施の形態１１と比べて、比較的安価な木材を使用することができる。即ち、実施の形態１〜１０に係る石材用木質パレットは、比較的高価な木材である平割材の使用本数を減らすことができ、部品点数及び製造コストの点で更に有利となる。即ち、図１５に示す実施の形態では、座部用平割材１１１の数を少なくとも左右両端の配置位置では２個とする必要があるが、実施の形態１〜１０では、座部用平割材１１の数を左右両端の配置位置で各１個とすることができる。その結果、全体の座部用平割材１１の使用本数を削減して、石材用木質パレットの製造コストを更に一層低減することができる。
【００８６】
［実施の形態１２］
図１６は本発明の実施の形態１２に係る石材用木質パレットを正面側から見て示す斜視図である。図１７は本発明の実施の形態１２に係る石材用木質パレットの要部を拡大して示す側面図である。図１８は本発明の実施の形態１２に係る石材用木質パレットを示す底面図である。図１９は本発明の実施の形態１２に係る石材用パレットを示す背面図である。図２０は本発明の実施の形態１２に係る石材用木質パレットの要部を背面側から見て示す斜視図である。
【００８７】
実施の形態１２に係る石材用木質パレットは、実施の形態１〜１０に係る石材用木質パレットの連結板３１ａ，３１ｂと同様の思想と、実施の形態１１に係る石材用木質パレットの補強斜材１２５と同様の思想とを組み合わせたものである。具体的には、図１６に示すように、実施の形態１２に係る石材用木質パレットの連結手段３０は、左右一対の板状の木質連結材としての連結板３１ａ，２３１ｂからなる。そして、左右一対の連結板３１ａ，２３１ｂにより座部用連結部１２ａ及び背部用連結部２２ａを左右両側から挟んだ状態で、連結板３１ａ，２３１ｂの下側部を座部用連結部１２ａに固着すると共に、連結板３１ａ，２３１ｂの上側部を背部用連結部２２ａに固着している。これにより、連結板３１ａ，２３１ｂを介して、座部１０及び背部２０を互いに前後方向及び左右方向への移動または傾動不能に連結固定している。更に、実施の形態１２では、各平割材２１の後方に、短い平割材または板材の一端を斜めに切除した形状の補強斜材２２５が前方に傾斜した状態で配置されている。各補強斜材２２５の前端部は、その斜めに切除した長さ方向一端面（前側の端面）としての第１の支持端面２２５ａが、対応する各背部用平割材２１の背部用連結部２１ａの後側面の上端部に密接した状態で釘打ち等により固着されている。また、各補強斜材２２５の後端部は、長さ方向他端面（後側の端面）としての第２の支持端面２２５ｂが、対応する各座部用平割材１１の座部用連結部１１ａの上側面１１ａ１の後端部に密接した状態で釘打ち等により固着されている。
【００８８】
詳細には、図１７〜１９に示すように、実施の形態１２では、２種類の連結板３１ａ，２３１ｂを使用する。両連結板３１ａ，２３１ｂは、それぞれ、座部用平割材１１の下側面と略同一方向（前後方向）に延びる下端面３１ａ１，２３１ｂ１と、前記下端面３１ａ１，２３１ｂ１に対して前記背部用平割材２１の傾斜角度θと略同一の傾斜角度で後方に傾斜する前端面３１ａ２，２３１ｂ２とを有する。一方、座部用平割材１１または背部用平割材２１の中央（内側）に位置する合計４枚の連結板２３１ｂは、それぞれ、背部用平割材２１の下側部（背部用連結部２１ａ）と略同一の長方形板状板状をなす。即ち、連結板２３１ｂは、連結板３１ａの前側部分に完全に重複し、その後端面２３１ｂ３は背部用連結部２１ａの後端面と略一致する。そして、連結板３１ａの中央部及び後側部は、連結板２３１ｂの後端面（背部用連結部２１ａの後端面）から後方に突出する。
【００８９】
一方、補強斜材２２５は、連結板３１ａの傾斜後端面３１ａ１と略同一の傾斜角度で、連結板３１ａの傾斜後端面３１ａ１に沿って前方に傾斜して延びるよう、座部用平割材１１の座部用連結部１１ａと背部用平割材２１の背部用連結部２１ａとの間に固着されている。補強斜材２２５の後側面２２５ｄは、連結板３１ａの後側面３１ａ３とほぼ合致するようにすることが、強度等の面から好ましい。なお、補強斜材２２５は、対をなす連結板３１ａと連結板２３１ｂとの間の間隔内の厚みを有する木質材、好ましくは、合板等の板材により、図１７〜図１９に示す形状の板状に加工形成することが好ましい。これにより、連結板２３１ｂの後端面２３１ｂ３と背部用平割材２１の背部用連結部２１ａの上端面２１ａ１と補強斜材２２５の前側面２２５ｃとの間に、三角形状の空間が形成される。
【００９０】
そして、前記補強板３５の左右両端が、かかる三角形状の空間に収容されると共に、左右両端の連結板３１ａ間に配置されている。補強板３５は、その前側面を全て（３本）の背部用平割材２１の後端面及び中央の４枚の連結板２３１ｂの後端面２３１ｂ３に当接させた状態で、その後側面側から釘打ちすることにより、背部用平割材２１及び連結板２３１ｂに固着されている。なお、補強板３５は、実施の形態１と同様、釘打ち等により連結板３１ａの内側にも固着することが好ましい。
【００９１】
ここで、前記補強斜材２２５は、上記のように、対をなす連結板３１ａと連結板２３１ｂとの間の間隔内の厚みを有するものとすることができる。この場合、補強斜材２２５を合板等の安価な板材により形成することができ、その材料費を低減することができる。一方、補強斜材２２５は、対をなす連結板３１ａと連結板２３１ｂとの間の間隔（即ち、背部用平割材２１の厚み）以上の厚みとすることもできる。例えば、第１の事例では、左右の補強斜材２２５の厚みを、連結板３１ａの内側面から連結板２３１ｂの外側面まで至る厚み（即ち、背部用平割材２１の厚みと連結板２３１ｂの厚みとを加えた厚み）とすることもできる。この場合、連結板２３１ｂは、上記のように背部用連結部２１ａに対応する長方形板状ではなく、背部用連結部２１ａ及び座部用連結部１１ａに対応する略Ｌ字板状とすることが好ましい。こうすると、補強斜材２２５の第１の支持端面２２５ａを背部用連結部２１ａの後側面及びＬ字状の連結板２３１ｂの後側面に支持及び固着すると共に、補強斜材２２５の第２の支持端面２２５ｂを座部用連結部１１ａの上側面及びＬ字状の連結板２３１ｂの上側面に支持及び固着することができる。その結果、連結板２３１ｂの面積を増大して、連結板３１ａ及び連結板２３１ｂによる座部１０及び背部２０の連結強度を増加できると共に、補強斜材２２５の厚み及び支持端面２２５ａ，２２５ｂの面積を増大して、補強斜材２２５による座部１０及び背部２０の連結強度を増加できる。
【００９２】
或いは、第２の事例では、中央の補強斜材２２５の厚みを、一方の連結板２３１ｂの内側面から他方の連結板２３１ｂの外側面まで至る厚み（即ち、背部用平割材２１の厚みと一方の連結板２３１ｂの厚みとを加えた厚み）としたり、一方の連結板２３１ｂの外側面から他方の連結板２３１ｂの外側面まで至る厚み（即ち、背部用平割材２１の厚みと両方の連結板２３１ｂの厚みとを加えた厚み）としたりすることもできる。この場合、（少なくとも補強斜材２２５が肉厚となる側の）連結板２３１ｂは、上記のように背部用連結部２１ａ及び座部用連結部１１ａに対応する略Ｌ字板状とすることが好ましい。こうすると、上記と同様、補強斜材２２５を座部用連結部１１ａ及び背部用連結部２１ａ並びに連結板２３１ｂに支持及び固着することができ、座部１０及び背部２０の連結強度を増加できる。
【００９３】
或いは、第３の事例では、左右の補強斜材２２５の厚みを、連結板３１ａの外側面から連結板２３１ｂの外側面まで至る厚み（即ち、背部用平割材２１の厚みと連結板３１ａの厚みと連結板２３１ｂの厚みとを加えた厚み）とすることもできる。この場合、連結板２３１ｂのみならず、連結板３１ａも、上記のように背部用連結部２１ａ及び座部用連結部１１ａに対応する略Ｌ字板状とする。そして、上記と同様、補強斜材２２５を座部用連結部１１ａ及び背部用連結部２１ａ並びに連結板３１ａ及び連結板２３１ｂに支持及び固着することができ、座部１０及び背部２０の連結強度を増加できる。或いは、上記第１〜第３の事例を適宜組み合わせて用いることもできる。
【００９４】
更に、連結板２３１ｂを、背部用連結部２１ａ及び座部用連結部１１ａ及び補強斜材２２５に対応する略三角形枠状とすることもできる。即ち、連結板２３１ｂの前端面２３１ｂ１と背部用連結部２１ａの下端面と補強斜材２２５の後側面２２５ｄとの間に形成される三角形状に対応する三角形状の外形を有し、かつ、連結板２３１ｂの後端面２３１ｂ３と背部用連結部２１ａの上端面２１ａ１と補強斜材２２５の前側面２２５ｃとの間に形成される上記三角形状の空間に対応する三角形状の開口を有する連結板２３１ｂを使用してもよい。この場合、連結板２３１ｂの面積を更に増大して、連結板３１ａ及び連結板２３１ｂによる座部１０及び背部２０の連結強度を一層増加できると共に、補強斜材２２５の厚み及び支持端面２２５ａ，２２５ｂの面積を増大して、補強斜材２２５による座部１０及び背部２０の連結強度を一層増加できる。また、連結板２３１ｂの後端面２３１ｂ３と背部用連結部２１ａの上端面２１ａ１と補強斜材２２５の前側面２２５ｃとの間に形成される三角形状の空間及び連結板２３１ｂの三角形状の開口を介して、補強板３５を背部用平割材２１及び連結板２３１ｂの後側面（及び／または連結板３１ａの内側面）に固着することができる。更にまた、連結板２３１ｂのみならず、連結板３１ａをも同様の略三角形枠状とすることもできる。この場合、連結板２３１ｂの後端面２３１ｂ３と背部用連結部２１ａの上端面２１ａ１と補強斜材２２５の前側面２２５ｃとの間に形成される三角形状の空間及び連結板３１ａ，２３１ｂの三角形状の開口を介して、補強板３５を背部用平割材２１及び連結板３１ａ，２３１ｂの後側面に固着することができる。
【００９５】
上記いずれの場合も、背部２０の傾斜角度は、実施の形態１と同様、約３度〜１０度の範囲とすることが好ましく、約３度〜７度の範囲とすることが更に好ましく、約３度〜５度の範囲とすることが更に一層好ましい。
【００９６】
実施の形態１２に係る石材用木質パレットは、実施の形態６と同様、座部１０の座屈を防止する等の目的で、座部１０の各座部用平割材１１の前端部左右両側面に固定ブロック２５１を固着している。具体的には、座部１０の各座部用平割材１１の前端部の内外側面と最も前側の板材１２との間に形成される全てのコーナ部には、図１９に示すように、それぞれ、ブロック状木質材としてのコーナブロック２５１が釘打ち等により固着されている。各コーナブロック２５１は、座部用平割材１１の厚みと略同一の厚みを有し、各コーナ部に対応する直方体形状若しくは短い板状をなしている。なお、全てのコーナ部にコーナブロックを固着することなく、必要な座屈強度に応じて、必要な数のコーナブロックを必要なコーナ部に固着することもできる。
【００９７】
上記のように構成した実施の形態１２に係る石材用木質パレットは、実施の形態１や実施の形態６で述べたと同様の作用及び効果を発揮すると共に、石材による後方荷重に対する支持強度を一層向上することができる。発明者等による実験結果によれば、本実施の形態に係る石材用木質パレットは、特に、後方荷重に対する強度（最大支持荷重）が飛躍的に増大することが確認されている。例えば、図１６に示すタイプの石材用木質パレットの場合、次の条件下で計測すると、凭れかかる石材に対する背部２０の耐荷重は以下の通りであった。
【００９８】
寸法＝Ｗ８００ｍｍ＊Ｌ９００ｍｍ＊Ｈ８００ｍｍ
積載総重量＝１２００ｋｇ
背部２０の傾斜角度＝約５度
【００９９】
最大後方支持耐荷重（後方への耐荷重）＝約３００ｋｇ
これは、通常の使用条件（石材の最大積載枚数及び最大荷重等）を考慮しても十分以上の値である。
【０１００】
最大前方支持耐荷重（前方への耐荷重）＝約２４０ｋｇ
これは、通常の使用条件を考慮しても十分以上の値である。
【０１０１】
一方、本実施の形態では、座部１０に石材Ｓを積載したときに、板材１２の左右方向に石材Ｓの荷重が偏って加わり、座部１０が左右に座屈する可能性が生じた場合でも、板材１２の下面側の各コーナ部に存在するコーナブロック２５１が、地面に接触して、板材１２の左右方向に加わる石材Ｓの荷重を確実に支持する。その結果、座部１０の座屈を効果的に防止することができる。
【０１０２】
なお、実施の形態１２に係る石材用木質パレットは、補強斜材２２５を固着できる限りにおいて、連結板２３１ｂを長方形状や略Ｌ字状や略三角形枠状以外の形状、例えば、実施の形態１の連結板３１ｂと同様の略五画形状等の他の形状とし、面積を大きくして連結強度を増大してもよい。或いは、連結板２３１ｂを連結板３１ａと同様の略五画形状の板材より形成し、補強板３５を貫通して挿入できるような孔を形成してもよい。
【０１０３】
［その他の別例］
上記のように、本発明に係る石材用木質パレットは、積載する石材の寸法（長さ及び幅）に応じて、必要とする座部及び背部の奥行き、幅、高さが決定される。よって、本発明に係る石材用木質パレットは、必要とする座部及び背部の奥行き、幅、高さに合わせて、使用する座部用平割材及び背部用平割材の本数や長さを増減変更すると共に、座部用平割材及び背部用平割材に固着する板材の枚数及び長さを増減変更する。
【０１０４】
［固着手段］
なお、上記各実施の形態では、座部用平割材１１，１１Ｂ及び背部用平割材２１，２１Ａに対する板材１１，１１Ｂ，１１Ｓ，１１Ｃ，１２，１２Ｃ，１２Ｄ、連結板３１ａ，３１ｂ，２３１ｂ、補強板３５、埋込ブロック材４１及びコーナブロック５１，２５１の固着は、釘打ちにより行っている。この場合、釘の種類としては、通常の釘の他、ねじ釘を使用することもできる。また、上記固着は、釘打ち以外の方法、例えば、接着により行うこともでき、或いは、釘打ち及び接着を併用することもできる。或いは、それ以外の固着用具を使用して行うこともできる。
【０１０５】
［材料］
また、上記座部用平割材１１，１１Ｂ、背部用平割材２１，２１Ａ、板材１１，１１Ｂ，１１Ｓ，１１Ｃ，１２，１２Ｃ，１２Ｄ、連結板３１ａ，３１ｂ，２３１ｂ、補強板３５、埋込ブロック材４１及びコーナブロック５１，２５１の材質は、木質である限りにおいて、通常の木材の他、合成木材等の各種木質材料を使用することもできる。更に、本発明の座部用木質骨格材及び背部用木質骨格材としては、断面矩形状の長尺状をなす限りにおいて、平割材以外にも、各種の木質材料を使用することができる。また、本発明の板状木質材としては、板材以外にも、各種の板状木質材料を使用することができる。更に、本発明の木質連結材としては、板状をなす限りにおいて、各種の木質材料を使用することができる。また、本発明の補強用木質材としては、長尺状をなす限りにおいて、各種の木質材料を使用することができる。更に、本発明のブロック状木質材としては、ブロック状をなす限りにおいて、各種の木質材料を使用することができる。
【０１０６】
【発明の効果】
請求項１の石材用木質パレットは、全体が木質材料からなるため、安価であり、また、スチール製のパレットのように石材を破損したり傷付けたりするおそれがない。更に、左右一対の木質連結材により、座部用木質骨格材の座部用連結部及び背部用木質骨格材の背部用連結部を左右両側から挟んだ状態で支持するため、座部用連結部及び背部用連結部を面的に支持して連結することができる。したがって、座部と背部との連結面積が増大し、特に、石材用木質パレットの前後方向（背部の傾斜方向）における連結強度が飛躍的に増大する。よって、背部の傾斜方向である後方への荷重に対する強度を飛躍的に増大することができる。その結果、座部に対する背部の傾斜角度を大きくしても、石材の荷重により背部が倒れることはない。これにより、座部に縦積みした石材を背部に大きな傾斜角度で寄りかからせて支持することができ、石材をより安定した状態で搬送または運搬することができる。
【０１０７】
加えて、背部を座部に対して面的に連結することにより、石材用木質パレットの前後方向のみならず、左右方向においても座部に対する背部の連結強度を増大することができる。よって、座部に石材を積載したときに、左右方向への応力が加わった場合でも、背部が横ぶれすることを防止することができ、座部に対する背部の座屈を少なくすることができる。
【０１０８】
また、連結手段は、木質連結材を安価な合板により構成することができ、製造
コストを一層低減することができる。更に、座部用木質骨格材の数を各１個とすることができ、全体の使用本数を削減して、製造コストを更に一層低減することができる。
【０１０９】
請求項２の石材用木質パレットは、更に、座部に対する背部の傾斜角度を後方に約３度〜１０度の角度範囲としたことにより、縦積みした石材を背部に凭れた状態で支持したときに、石材が前方に倒れることを有効に防止でき、かつ、凭れかかる石材から背部に加わる後方荷重を背部により確実に支持することができる。
【０１１０】
請求項３の石材用木質パレットは、更に、木質連結材の下端面を座部用木質骨格の下側面に合致させた状態で、背部用木質骨格材の背部用連結部の前側面を木質連結材の前端面に位置合わせすることにより、座部用木質骨格材に対して背部用木質骨格材を自動的に所定の傾斜角度で位置合わせすることができる。そして、この状態で、左右一対の木質連結材を背部用連結部に対して釘打ち等により固着することにより、座部用木質連結材に対して背部用木質骨格材を所定の傾斜角度で連結固定することができる。その結果、座部用木質骨格材に対する背部用木質骨格材の位置決めを簡単に行うことができ、作業性を向上することができる。
【０１１１】
請求項４の石材用木質パレットは、更に、板状の補強用木質材の下端面と前側面との間のコーナ部を、座部用木質骨格材の後端部の上側面と左右両端の木質連結材以外の木質連結材の後端面との間のコーナ部に合致させて当接させることにより、補強用木質材を簡単に位置決めすることができる。そして、この状態で、補強用木質材を左右両端の木質連結材以外の木質連結材に対して釘打ち等により簡単に固着することができる。これにより、補強用木質材が、背部用木質骨格材の後端に固着され、背部用木質骨格材間を連結して補強する。なお、フォークリフトのフォークを座部の後側から差し込むと、フォークは座部の板状木質材の下側面に当接すると共に、補強用木質材の下端面に当接して、座部を介してパレットを上下動する。したがって、フォークリフトによる搬送時に、座部の板状木質材の割れを防止することができる。また、背部に対して左右方向への応力が加わったときの背部の横ぶれを補強用木質材により効果的に防止することができる。
【０１１２】
請求項５の石材用木質パレットは、更に、補強用木質材の前側面を、木質連結材の後端面に当接させた状態で、補強用木質材をブロック状木質材に対して釘打ち等により簡単に固着することができる。これにより、補強用木質材が、背部用木質骨格材の後端に固着され、背部用木質骨格材間を連結して補強する。したがって、背部に対して左右方向への応力が加わったときの背部の横ぶれを補強用木質材により効果的に防止することができる。
【０１１３】
請求項６の石材用木質パレットは、更に、座部に石材を積載しない通常状態では、中央の座部用木質骨格材の下側面が地面から上方に浮き上がった位置にあるため、必ず、左右の座部用木質骨格材のみが地面に接触することになり、座部が中央の座部用木質骨格材を支点としてやじろべえのように左右にかしぐことはない。したがって、座部に軋みやぐらつきを生じたり、座部に石材を積載したときにその荷重により座部が座屈したりすることはない。また、座部に石材を積載した積載状態では、石材の荷重により座部の左右中央が下方に弾性的に湾曲して、左右の座部用木質骨格材に加えて中央の座部用木質骨格材が全て地面に接触する。そのため、全ての座部用木質骨格材により座部を支持し、石材の荷重を安定して確実に負担することができる。
【０１１４】
請求項７の石材用木質パレットは、全体が木質材料からなるため、安価であり、また、スチール製のパレットのように石材を破損したり傷付けたりするおそれがない。更に、木質斜材により、座部用木質骨格材の座部用連結部に対して背部用木質骨格材の背部用連結部を後方から支持するため、座部用連結部及び背部用連結部を後方から確実かつ強固に支持して連結することができる。したがって、座部と背部との連結強度が増大し、特に、背部の後方荷重に対する強度が増大する。更に、座部用木質骨格材に対する背部用木質骨格材の傾斜角度を後方に約３度〜１０度の角度範囲としたことにより、縦積みした石材を背部に凭れた状態で支持したときに、石材が前方に倒れることを有効に防止でき、かつ、凭れかかる石材から背部に加わる後方荷重を背部により確実に支持することができる。その結果、座部に対する背部の傾斜角度を大きくしても、石材の荷重により背部が倒れることはない。これにより、座部に縦積みした石材を背部に大きな傾斜角度で寄りかからせて支持することができ、石材をより安定した状態で搬送または運搬することができる。
【０１１５】
請求項８の石材用木質パレットは、全体が木質材料からなるため、安価であり、また、スチール製のパレットのように石材を破損したり傷付けたりするおそれがない。更に、左右一対の木質連結材により、座部用木質骨格材の座部用連結部及び背部用木質骨格材の背部用連結部を左右両側から挟んだ状態で支持するため、座部用連結部及び背部用連結部を面的に支持して連結することができる。したがって、座部と背部との連結面積が増大し、特に、石材用木質パレットの前後方向（背部の傾斜方向）における連結強度が飛躍的に増大する。よって、背部の傾斜方向である後方への荷重に対する強度を飛躍的に増大することができる。その結果、座部に対する背部の傾斜角度を大きくしても、石材の荷重により背部が倒れることはない。これにより、座部に縦積みした石材を背部に大きな傾斜角度で寄りかからせて支持することができ、石材をより安定した状態で搬送または運搬することができる。更にまた、木質斜材により、座部用木質骨格材の座部用連結部に対して背部用木質骨格材の背部用連結部を後方から支持するため、座部用連結部及び背部用連結部を後方から確実かつ強固に支持して連結することができる。したがって、座部と背部との連結強度が一層増大し、特に、背部の後方荷重に対する強度が一層増大する。
【０１１６】
請求項９の石材用木質パレットは、更に、座部に対する背部の傾斜角度を後方に約３度〜１０度の角度範囲としたことにより、縦積みした石材を背部に凭れた状態で支持したときに、石材が前方に倒れることを有効に防止でき、かつ、凭れかかる石材から背部に加わる後方荷重を背部により確実に支持することができる。
【０１１７】
請求項１０の石材用木質パレットは、更に、板状の補強用木質材の下端面と前側面との間のコーナ部を、座部用木質骨格材の後端部の上側面と背部用木質骨格材の後側面及び左右両端の木質連結材以外の木質連結材の後端面との間のコーナ部に合致させて当接させることにより、補強用木質材を簡単に位置決めすることができる。そして、この状態で、補強用木質材を背部用木質骨格材及び／または左右両端の木質連結材以外の木質連結材に対して釘打ち等により簡単に固着することができる。これにより、補強用木質材が、背部用木質骨格材の後端に固着され、背部用木質骨格材間を連結して補強する。なお、フォークリフトのフォークを座部の後側から差し込むと、フォークは座部の板状木質材の下側面に当接すると共に、補強用木質材の下端面に当接して、座部を介してパレットを上下動する。したがって、フォークリフトによる搬送時に、座部の板状木質材の割れを防止することができる。また、背部に対して左右方向への応力が加わったときの背部の横ぶれを補強用木質材により効果的に防止することができる。
【０１１８】
請求項１１の石材用木質パレットは、更に、木質連結材が合板からなるため、その材料を安価に入手し、安価かつ容易に製作することができ、全体の製造コストを低減することができる。また、木質斜材も板材より構成することができるため、その材料を安価に入手し、安価かつ容易に製作することができ、全体の製造コストを一層低減することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 図１は本発明の実施の形態１に係る石材用木質パレットを正面側から見て示す斜視図である。
【図２】 図２は本発明の実施の形態１に係る石材用木質パレットを示す側面図である。
【図３】 図３は本発明の実施の形態１に係る石材用木質パレットの要部を拡大して示す側面図である。
【図４】 図４は本発明の実施の形態１に係る石材用木質パレットを示す底面図である。
【図５】 図５は実施の形態１に係る石材用木質パレットにおいて補強板を後付けする場合を示す正面図である。
【図６】 図６は本発明の実施の形態２に係る石材用木質パレットの要部を示す斜視図である。
【図７】 図７は本発明の実施の形態３に係る石材用木質パレットを背面側から見て示す斜視図である。
【図８】 図８は本発明の実施の形態４に係る石材用木質パレットの要部を示す側面図である。
【図９】 図９は本発明の実施の形態５に係る石材用木質パレットの要部を示す正面図である。
【図１０】 図１０は本発明の実施の形態６に係る石材用木質パレットの要部を座部の下面側から見て示す斜視図である。
【図１１】 図１１は本発明の実施の形態７に係る石材用木質パレットを示す斜視図である。
【図１２】 図１２は本発明の実施の形態８に係る石材用木質パレットを示す斜視図である。
【図１３】 図１３は本発明の実施の形態９に係る石材用木質パレットを示す斜視図である。
【図１４】 図１４は本発明の実施の形態１０に係る石材用木質パレットを示す斜視図である。
【図１５】 図１５は本発明の実施の形態１１に係る石材用木質パレットを示す斜視図である。
【図１６】 図１６は本発明の実施の形態１２に係る石材用木質パレットを正面側から見て示す斜視図である。
【図１７】 図１７は本発明の実施の形態１２に係る石材用木質パレットの要部を拡大して示す側面図である。
【図１８】 図１８は本発明の実施の形態１２に係る石材用木質パレットを示す底面図である。
【図１９】 図１９は本発明の実施の形態１２に係る石材用パレットを示す背面図である。
【図２０】 図２０は本発明の実施の形態１２に係る石材用木質パレットの要部を背面側から見て示す斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
１０：座部、１１，１１Ｂ：座部用平割材（座部用木質骨格材）
１１Ｓ：座部用平割材（左右の座部用木質骨格材）
１１Ｃ：座部用平割材（中央の座部用木質骨格材）
１１ａ：座部用連結部、１２，１２Ｃ，１２Ｄ：板材（板状木質材）
１２ａ：切欠き凹部
２０：背部、２１，２１Ａ：背部用平割材（背部用木質骨格材）
２１ａ：背部用連結部、２２，２２Ｃ，２２Ｄ：板材（板状木質材）
３０：連結手段、３１ａ，３１ｂ，２３１ｂ：連結板（木質連結材）
３１ａ１，３１ｂ１，２３１ｂ１：下端面
３１ａ２，３１ｂ２，２３１ｂ２：前端面
３１ｂ３，２３１ｂ３：後端面
３５，３５Ｃ，３５Ｄ：補強板（補強用木質材）
４１：ブロック状木質材（埋込ブロック材）
５１，２５１：ブロック状木質材（コーナブロック）
２２５：補強斜材（木質斜材）[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a stone pallet used for transporting stone materials, and more particularly to a stone pallet made of wood material.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, stone pallets are used to transport and transport stone materials inside and outside the factory. Specifically, the stone pallet includes a square or rectangular plate-shaped seat portion and a back portion fixed substantially perpendicularly to the rear end of the support plate. Normally, a large number of rectangular plate-like stones are vertically stacked on the stone pallet seats and leaned against the back, and these stones are placed on the stone pallet seats by a binding member such as a PP band. Tie up and fix. Then, the stone pallet supporting the stone material is transported and loaded onto a loading platform of a transport vehicle such as a truck by a forklift, transported to a destination, and unloaded from the loading platform of the transporting vehicle by a forklift at the destination. Conventionally, steel pallets are generally made of steel.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, steel pallets are strong and long lasting, but the manufacturing costs are high. In addition, the steel pallet itself has a considerable weight, so there is room for improvement in terms of handling.
[0004]
Therefore, the present invention can reduce the manufacturing cost by using an inexpensive wooden material, can obtain sufficient strength in a stone cargo handling application, and is lightweight and easy to handle. The issue is to provide
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The wood pallet for stone according to claim 1 includes a seat portion for supporting the stone material from below, a back portion for supporting the stone material from the rear, and a connecting means for connecting the seat portion and the back portion to each other. The seat portion is composed of a plurality of elongate rectangular sections of the cross section having a rectangular cross section, arranged in parallel to each other so as to extend in the front-rear direction and to be separated in the left-right direction. A plate-like wood material is fixed so as to extend in the left-right direction on the upper end surface of the wood skeleton material for a seat, with a portion having a predetermined length left as a seat connection portion on the rear end side of the skeleton material. Each of the back portions extends in a vertical direction in a state in which the back wooden frame material having an elongated rectangular cross section is inclined backward with respect to each of the seat connection portions of the wooden frame material for the seat portion. A plate-like wood material extends in the left-right direction on the front end face of the back wood skeleton material in a state where it is arranged in parallel and a portion of a predetermined length is left as a back connection portion on the lower end side of the back wood skeleton material It is fixed like this. The connecting means includes a pair of left and right plate-like wood connecting members, and the wood connecting member is sandwiched by the pair of left and right wood connecting members from the left and right sides. The lower side portion is fixed to the seat connecting portion, and the upper portion of the wood connecting member is fixed to the back connecting portion so that the seat portion and the back portion are immovably connected to each other. Become.
[0006]
The wood pallet for stone according to claim 2 is the structure according to claim 1, wherein the back part is inclined backward with respect to the seat part in an angle range of about 3 degrees to 10 degrees by the wood connecting material. The seat part and the back part were fixed to each other so as not to move.
[0007]
The stone wood pallet according to claim 3 is the configuration according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wood connection material extends on a lower end surface extending substantially in the same direction as a lower side surface of the seat wood skeleton material, and on the lower end surface. On the other hand, it has a front end face inclined rearward at an inclination angle substantially the same as the inclination angle of the back wooden skeleton material.
[0008]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the stone wood pallet according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein a rear portion of the wood connection material projects rearward from a rear side surface of the back wood frame material, Among them, the rear end surface of the wood connecting material other than the wood connecting material on both left and right ends of the seat portion is formed so as to extend in a substantially vertical direction at a position in front of the rear end surface of the wooden connecting material on both left and right ends. The reinforcing wood material to be formed was disposed between the left and right end wood connecting materials, and the front side surface of the reinforcing wood material was fixed to the rear end surface of the wood connecting material other than the left and right end wood connecting materials.
[0009]
A stone wood pallet according to claim 5 is the structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a block-like wood material having a corresponding width is inserted into a gap between each pair of wood connection members, and the block The block-like wood material is fixed so that the rear end surface of the wood-like wood material is substantially flush with the rear end surface of the wood connection material, and an elongated reinforcing wood material is disposed on the rear end surface of the wood connection material. To the rear end face of the block-like wood material.
[0010]
The stone wood pallet according to claim 6 is the structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein at least three of the seat wood skeletons are arranged at equal intervals in the left-right direction of the seat. In the normal state in which the thickness of the timber skeleton material for the club is slightly smaller than the thickness of the timber skeleton for the left and right seats, and the stone is not loaded on the seat, the left and right wooden skeleton members for the seat are in contact with the ground. In addition, the lower side surface of the central wooden frame material for the seat is positioned above the ground, and in the loaded state where the stone is loaded, the left and right center of the seat is elastically curved downward due to the load of the stone. Thus, the left and right seat skeleton materials and the central seat skeleton material were all in contact with the ground.
[0011]
Here, the present invention The stone wood pallet is configured by arranging a plurality of rectangular wooden frame members for a seat section in parallel with each other so as to extend in the front-rear direction and to be separated in the left-right direction. A seat is formed by fixing a plate-like wood material so as to extend in the left-right direction on the upper end surface of the wood frame material. Further, at least three of the seating wooden skeleton members are arranged at equal intervals in the left-right direction of the seating portion, and the thickness of the central wooden skeletal material for the seating portion is slightly larger than the thickness of the left and right seating wooden skeleton materials. In a normal state in which the seat is not loaded with stones, the left and right seating wooden skeletons are in contact with the ground and the lower side of the central seating wooden skeleton is located above the ground. Thus, in a loaded state in which stones are loaded, the left and right center of the seat portion are elastically curved downward due to the load of the stone, and the left and right seat frame skeleton materials and the center seat frame skeleton material are All in contact with the ground May .
[0012]
Here, the present invention The stone wood pallet is configured by arranging a plurality of rectangular wooden frame members for a seat section in parallel with each other so as to extend in the front-rear direction and to be separated in the left-right direction. A seat is formed by fixing a plate-like wood material so as to extend in the left-right direction on the upper end surface of the wood frame material. Also, a notch recess is formed at the front end of the frontmost plate-like wood material of the seat to accommodate a fastening band for fastening stones. May .
[0013]
Here, the present invention The stone wood pallet is configured by arranging a plurality of rectangular wooden frame members for a seat section in parallel with each other so as to extend in the front-rear direction and to be separated in the left-right direction. A seat is formed by fixing a plate-like wood material so as to extend in the left-right direction on the upper end surface of the wood frame material. Further, the left and right ends of the plate-like wood material of the seat part protrude leftward and rightward from the wood frame material for the seat part of the left and right ends. May be allowed .
[0014]
Here, the present invention The stone wood pallet is configured by arranging a plurality of rectangular wooden frame members for a seat section in parallel with each other so as to extend in the front-rear direction and to be separated in the left-right direction. A seat is formed by fixing a plate-like wood material so as to extend in the left-right direction on the upper end surface of the wood frame material. Further, the thickness of the wood skeleton material for the seat portion is respectively set to a pair of corner portions formed between the left and right wood skeleton materials for the seat portion and the left and right end portions of the foremost plate-like wood material. A block-like wood material having the same thickness as the corner and corresponding to the corner is fixed. May .
[0015]
Claim 7 According to the stone pallet for stone according to the present invention, the wooden skeleton material for a seat part having a plurality of rectangular cross-sectional long shapes are arranged in parallel to each other so as to extend in the front-rear direction and to be separated in the left-right direction. A seat part formed by adhering a plate-like wood material so as to extend in the left-right direction on the upper end surface of the timber frame material for a part, and a wooden skeleton material for a back part having a long rectangular cross section. The plate-like wood material is attached to the back wooden frame material so as to extend in the vertical direction in a state where it is inclined at an angle range of about 3 ° to 10 ° backward with respect to the back and to be parallel to each other. A back part that is fixed so as to extend in the left-right direction, and the wooden part for the back part and the wooden part for the seat part so that the wooden part for the back part is supported with respect to the wooden part for the seat part from behind. And a wood diagonal material fixed between the two.
[0016]
Claim 8 The stone wood pallet according to the present invention includes a seat portion for supporting the stone material from below, a back portion for supporting the stone material from the rear, and a connecting means for connecting the seat portion and the back portion to each other. The seat portion is composed of a plurality of elongate rectangular sections of the cross section having a rectangular cross section, arranged in parallel to each other so as to extend in the front-rear direction and to be separated in the left-right direction. A portion having a predetermined length on the rear end side of the skeleton material is used as a connecting portion for the seat portion, and a plate-like wooden material is fixed to the upper end surface of the wooden skeleton material for the seat portion so as to extend in the left-right direction, and the back portion Are parallel to each other so that the back wooden frame material having a long rectangular cross section extends in the vertical direction in a state of being inclined backward with respect to each of the seat connection parts of the wooden frame material for the seat. Arranged, a portion of a predetermined length on the lower end side of the back wooden skeleton material as a back connecting portion, and a plate-like wooden material is fixed to the back wooden skeleton material so as to extend in the left-right direction, The connecting means includes a pair of left and right plate-like wood connecting members, and the pair of left and right wood connecting members The lower part of the wooden connecting member is fixed to the connecting part for the seat part, with the connecting part for the seat part and the connecting part for the back part sandwiched from the left and right sides, and the upper part of the wooden connecting member is The seat part and the back part are connected and fixed immovably to each other by being fixed to the connecting part for the back part, and the connecting means further connects the wooden skeleton material for the back part to the wooden skeleton material for the seat part. And a wooden diagonal member fixed between the back wooden frame material and the seat wooden frame material so as to be supported from the rear.
[0017]
Claim 9 The wooden pallet for stone according to Claim 8 In the configuration, in the state where the back portion is tilted backward with respect to the seat portion in an angle range of about 3 degrees to 10 degrees, the wood portion and the seat portion and the back portion are fixed to each other so as not to move. And the said wooden frame material for backs was supported from the back with respect to the said wooden frame material for seats by the said wooden diagonal material.
[0018]
Claim 10 The wooden pallet for stone according to Claim 8 or 9 In the configuration of the above-described wood connection material, the rear portions of the wood connection materials at the left and right ends of the seat portion are protruded rearward from the rear side surface of the back wooden frame material, and the seats of the wood connection material are In the state in which the wood connecting material other than the wood connecting material on both left and right ends of the part is a rectangular plate having the same width as the back wooden frame material, and matches the left and right side surfaces of the back wooden frame material, The wooden frame material for the back portion is connected to the wooden frame material for the seat together with the wooden connection materials at the left and right ends of the left and right sides, and a reinforcing wooden material having a long plate shape is connected between the wooden connection materials at the left and right ends. And the front side surface of the reinforcing wood material was fixed to the rear end face of the wood connecting material other than the wood frame material for the back portion and the wood connecting material on both left and right ends.
[0019]
Claim 11 The wooden pallet for stone according to Claim 8 or 9 The wood connecting material is made of plywood, and the wood diagonal material is made of a plate material having a thickness within the range of the left and right dimensions of the back wood frame material, and the upper side surface of the wood frame material for seat To the rear side surface of the wooden skeleton material for the back portion, and supports the wooden skeleton material for the back portion with respect to the wooden skeleton material for the seat portion.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. Throughout each embodiment, the same members, elements, or parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
[0021]
[Embodiment 1]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a stone wood pallet according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention as viewed from the front side. FIG. 2 is a side view showing the stone wood pallet according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 3 is an enlarged side view showing a main part of the stone wood pallet according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a bottom view showing the stone wood pallet according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
[0022]
As shown in FIG. 1, a stone pallet made of wood material according to Embodiment 1 (stone wood pallet) has a seat 10 for loading stones and supporting them from below, and the loaded stones from behind. The back part 20 for supporting is provided, and the connection means 30 which connects the said seat part 10 and the back part 20 mutually.
[0023]
The seat portion 10 is composed of a plurality of elongated split sections 11 having a rectangular cross section, and each of the seat split flat members 11 serving as a wood frame material for a seat portion extending in the front-rear direction and spaced apart in the left-right direction. They are arranged in parallel. In addition, the seat portion 10 is a substantially entire upper end surface of the seat split material 11 in a state where a portion of a predetermined length is left as a seat connection portion 11a on the rear end side of the seat split material 11. A plate 12 as a plate-like wood material is fixed by nailing so as to extend in the left-right direction. Thereby, the flat part material 11 for seat parts is mutually connected by the board | plate material 12, and is integrated so that the whole may become flat plate pallet form, and the seat part 10 is comprised.
[0024]
The back portion 20 is formed by applying a back split material 21 as a back wooden skeleton material having a long rectangular cross section to each of the upper end surfaces of the seat connecting portions 11a of the seat split material 11. On the other hand, they are arranged in parallel to each other so as to extend in the vertical direction while being inclined rearward and to be separated in the left-right direction at the same interval as the interval of the flat member 11 for the seat. Further, the back portion 20 is a plate-like wood material on a part of the rear end surface of the back portion of the split part 21 for the back portion in a state where a portion having a predetermined length is left as the back connecting portion 21a on the lower end side of the split member 21 for the back portion. The plate material 22 is fixed by nailing so as to extend in the left-right direction. Thereby, the split part 21 for back part is mutually connected by the board | plate material 22, and the whole is integrated, and the back part 20 is comprised.
[0025]
The connecting means 30 includes connecting plates 31a and 31b as a pair of left and right plate-like wood connecting members. Then, the lower part of the connecting plates 31a and 31b is fixed to the seat connecting portion 12a with the pair of left and right connecting plates 31a and 31b sandwiching the seat connecting portion 12a and the back connecting portion 22a from the left and right sides. In addition, the upper portions of the connection plates 31a and 31b are fixed to the back connection portion 22a. Thereby, the seat part 10 and the back part 20 are connected and fixed so that they cannot move or tilt in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction via the connection plates 31a and 31b.
[0026]
[Composition of connecting plate]
As shown in FIG.2 and FIG.3, in Embodiment 1, two types of connection plates 31a and 31b are used as the connection plates 31a and 31b. The connecting plates 31a and 31b are respectively provided with lower end surfaces 31a1 and 31b1 extending in substantially the same direction (front-rear direction) as the lower side surface of the flat member 11 for the seat portion, and the back flat portion with respect to the lower end surfaces 31a1 and 31b1. The front end surfaces 31a2 and 31b2 are inclined rearward at substantially the same inclination angle as the inclination angle θ of the split member 21. In addition, the two connecting plates 31a in total located at the left and right ends (outermost sides) of the split part 11 for the seat part or the split part 21 for the back part each have a shape obtained by cutting out the apex portions of the two corners of the triangle. A deformed pentagonal plate. On the other hand, a total of 45 connecting plates 31b located in the center (inner side) of the flat part member 11 for the seat part or the flat part member 21 for the back part are each a modified pentagon having a shape obtained by cutting out the apex portion of one rectangular corner. Form a plate. That is, the connecting plate 31b completely overlaps the front side and the center portion of the connecting plate 31a. And the rear side part of the connection board 31a protrudes back from the rear end of the connection board 31b. Thereby, a triangular space is formed between the rear end surface 31b3 of the connecting plate 31b and the upper end surface 21a1 of the back connecting portion 21a of the back split material 21.
[0027]
The seat portion 10 may have a configuration other than the above as long as a portion having a predetermined length on the rear end side of the seat split material 11 can be secured as the seat connecting portion 11a. Similarly, as long as the part of the predetermined length of the lower end side of the split part 21 for back parts can be ensured as the connection part 21a for back parts, the back part 20 can also be set as the structure of that excepting the above. That is, the seat connecting portion 11a and the back connecting portion 21a are portions for fixing the connecting plates 31a and 31b, and depending on the shape and fixing manner of the connecting plates 31a and 31b, their positions and lengths. Is determined. Therefore, for example, the plate member 12 of the seat portion 10 and the plate member 22 of the back portion 20 do not interfere with the connecting plates 31a and 31b, and connect the connecting portion 11a for the seat portion and the connecting portion 21a for the back portion by the connecting plates 31a and 31b. As long as it is not obstructed, it can be fixed to the rear end portion of the seat portion 10 and the lower end portion of the back portion 20. Further, the plate member 22 of the back part 20 can be fixed not to the rear end face of the back part split member 21 but to the front end face, or to both the front end face and the rear end face of the back part split member 21. it can.
[0028]
Here, the seat 10 and the back 20 are immovable by the connecting plates 31a and 31b in a state where the back 20 is inclined backward with respect to the seat 10 in an angle range of about 3 degrees to 10 degrees. It is preferable to fix to. If the inclination angle of the back portion 20 is smaller than 3 degrees, the stone material may fall forward when the vertically stacked stone material is supported in a state in which the stone material is rolled over the back portion 20. On the other hand, if the inclination angle of the back portion 20 is greater than 10 degrees, the load applied to the back portion 20 from the stone that is drooping is large, and the back portion 20 cannot sufficiently support the load of the stone material depending on the number of stones (total weight) to be loaded. There is a possibility. Furthermore, in the present invention, the seat portion 10 and the back portion 20 are connected to each other by the connecting plates 31a and 31b in a state where the back portion 20 is inclined backward with respect to the seat portion 10 at an angle in a range of about 3 degrees to 7 degrees. More preferably, they are fixed so that they cannot move each other (even more preferably 3 to 5 degrees). When the inclination angle of the back portion 20 is set to an angle in the range of about 3 to 5 degrees, the stone can be supported in a state where the stone 20 is stably wound on the back portion 20 and even when the stone is fully loaded in a normal use state. The back portion 20 can sufficiently support the load of the stone.
[0029]
[Reinforcing plate when inserting fork]
The rear portions of the connecting plates 31 a and 31 b protrude rearward from the rear side surface of the back split material 21. Further, of the connecting plates 31a and 31b, the rear end surface 31b3 of the connecting plate 31b other than the connecting plates 31a at the left and right ends of the seat portion 10 is substantially vertical at a position in front of the rear end surfaces of the connecting plates 31a at the left and right ends. It is formed to extend. Then, a reinforcing plate 35 as a long plate-like reinforcing wood material is disposed between the connecting plates 31a at the left and right ends, and the front side thereof is brought into contact with the rear end surface 31b3 of the central connecting plate 31b. In this state, it is fixed to the rear side of the connecting plate 31b by nailing from the side surface side. In addition, the reinforcing plate 35 is nailed from the outer surface side of the connecting plate 31a in a state where the left and right end surfaces thereof are in contact with the inner side surfaces of the connecting plates 31a at the left and right ends, so that the inside of the connecting plate 31a. It is also preferable to adhere.
[0030]
The width of the connecting plate 31b is as large as possible as long as a triangular space for attaching the reinforcing plate 35 can be formed between the rear end surface 31b3 of the connecting plate 31 and the upper side surface 11a1 of the seat connecting portion 11a. It is preferable to do. The larger the width of the connecting plate 31b, the larger the fixing area of the connecting portion 11a for the seat portion by the connecting plate 31b, and the larger the area of the connecting plate 31b itself. The connection strength with the flat splitting material 21 can be increased. Therefore, it is better to position the rear end surface 31b3 of the connecting plate 31b as far back as possible. The connecting plates 31a and 31b can have shapes other than those shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 as long as the seat connecting portion 11a and the back connecting portion 21a can be connected.
[0031]
[Projection of plate material]
Here, the plate members 12 and 22 of the seat portion 10 and the back portion 20 have a length larger than the interval (left-right dimension) between the seat split flat member 11 and the back split flat member 21 at both left and right ends. The plate members 12, 22 are seat portions so that the left and right end portions protrude leftward and rightward by a predetermined dimension (for example, 5 cm) from the seat splitting material 11 and the back splitting material 21 at the left and right ends. It is fixed to the flat parting material 11 and the flat parting material 21 for the back.
[0032]
[Production method]
Next, an example of a method for manufacturing a stone wood pallet according to Embodiment 1 configured as described above will be described.
[0033]
In order to manufacture a wooden pallet for stone, for example, first, the flat part 11 for a seat part and the flat part 21 for a back part, which are arranged at the same left and right position, are connected by a pair of corresponding left and right connecting plates 31a and 31b. To do. That is, with the back part split member 21 inclined backward at a predetermined angle θ with respect to the seat part split member 11, the seat part connecting part 11a and the back part connecting part 21a are connected between the connecting plates 31a and 31b. And fix them together. At this time, in a state where the lower end surfaces 31a1 and 31ba of the connecting plates 31a and 31b are matched with the lower side surface of the seat connecting portion 11a, the front side surface of the back connecting portion 21a of the back split member 21 is connected to the connecting plate 31a. , 31b can be aligned with the front part planes 31a2 and 31b2 of the rear part part 21 with respect to the seat part parting part 11 automatically at a predetermined inclination angle θ. In this state, the pair of left and right connecting plates 31a and 31b are fixed to the back connecting portion 21a by nailing or the like, whereby the back split member 21 is fixed to the seat split member 11. Can be connected and fixed at an inclination angle θ. As a result, the positioning of the back part split member 21 with respect to the seat part split member 11 can be easily performed, and workability can be improved.
[0034]
After manufacturing the connecting body of the three split members 11 for the seat part and the split member 21 for the back part in this way, these are arranged in parallel at equal intervals on the left and right sides, and the plate member 12 is placed on the split part member 11 for the back part. The plate material 22 is bonded to the flat splitting material 21 by nailing or the like. Then, the reinforcing plate 35 is fixed to the lower end side of the rear end surface 31b3 of the connecting plate 31b. At this time, the corner portion (corner portion) between the lower end surface and the front side surface of the reinforcing plate 35 matches the corner portion between the upper side surface 11a1 of the seat connecting portion 11a and the rear end surface 31b3 of the connecting plate 31b. Thus, the reinforcing plate 35 can be easily positioned. In this state, the reinforcing plate 35 can be easily fixed to the connecting plates 31a and 31b by nailing or the like. Thereby, the reinforcement board 35 adheres to the rear end of the split part 21 for back parts, and connects and reinforces between the split parts 21 for back parts.
[0035]
[how to use]
Next, a method of using the stone wood pallet according to Embodiment 1 configured as described above will be described.
[0036]
When the stone is not loaded, many stone pallets for stone are stacked in the vertical direction and stored in a storage place such as a warehouse, and transferred to the site of a stone factory where stone is loaded. The Therefore, it is preferable that the wooden pallet for stone is vertically stacked without attaching the reinforcing plate 35 as shown in FIG. 5, and the reinforcing plate 35 is fixed later when the stone is loaded. FIG. 5 is a front view showing a case where a reinforcing plate is retrofitted in the stone pallet 0 according to the first embodiment. In other words, when the stone wooden pallets are stacked and transported, the reinforcing plate 35 is not fixed to the stone wooden pallets, but is transported separately in a separated state, and is fixed when used at the loading site of the stone S. In this way, when empty stone wooden pallets are stacked and stored and / or transported, the reinforcing plate 35 does not get in the way, and more stone wooden pallets can be stacked in multiple stages. The number of stacks can be increased. When the reinforcing plate 35 is retrofitted, the number of stone wooden pallets twice as many can be stacked as compared with the case where the reinforcing plate 35 is provided.
[0037]
On the other hand, when using the wooden pallet for stone, as shown in FIG. 2, the stone S is vertically stacked and loaded on each wooden pallet for stone. That is, the stone material S having a rectangular plate shape or the like is stacked in the front-rear direction of the seat portion 10 in a state where the stone material S is leaned against the back portion 20. When a predetermined number of stones S are vertically stacked on a stone wood pallet, the stones S are fastened and fixed on the seat 10 by fastening bands B such as PP bands, and the stone S moves from the seat 10 during transportation. Do not fall off. Then, in this state, the pair of left and right forks of the forklift are inserted into the pair of left and right recessed spaces extending in the front-rear direction formed between the rear split members 11 from the back of the back portion 20, and the seat 10 The wooden pallet for stone is moved up and down via the plate material 12 and loaded onto a truck bed or the like. At this time, the upper side surface of the base end side of the fork comes into contact with the lower end surface of the reinforcing plate 35 of the stone wood pallet. Therefore, when the reinforcing plate 35 is not provided, the load of the stone S is directly applied to the plate 12 of the seat portion 10 through the fork. In the present embodiment, the load of the stone S is shared by the reinforcing plate 35. The As a result, it is possible to effectively prevent the plate material 12 of the seat portion 10 from being cracked during conveyance by the forklift. Further, the lateral displacement of the back portion 20 when a stress in the left-right direction is applied to the back portion 20 can be effectively prevented by the reinforcing plate 35.
[0038]
[Action and effect]
Next, the operation and effect of the stone wood pallet according to Embodiment 1 configured as described above will be described.
[0039]
Since the entire wooden pallet for stone is made of a wooden material, it is inexpensive and there is no possibility of damaging or scratching the stone S unlike a steel pallet. Further, in the stone wood pallet, the pair of left and right connecting plates 31a and 31b sandwich the seat connecting portion 11a of the seat split material 11 and the back connecting portion 21a of the back split member 21 from both left and right sides. Since it supports in the state, it can support and connect the connection part 11a for seat parts, and the connection part 21a for back parts planarly. Therefore, the connection area of the seat part 10 and the back part 20 increases. In particular, the connection strength in the front-rear direction (inclination direction of the back portion 20) of the stone wood pallet increases dramatically. Therefore, the wooden pallet for stone can sufficiently secure the strength (maximum support load) against the load forward of the back portion 20 and the rear (in the inclination direction of the back portion). As a result, even if the inclination angle θ of the back part 20 with respect to the seat part 10 is increased, the back part 20 does not fall backward due to the back load of the stone S. In the present embodiment, depending on the number and weight of stones to be loaded, the back portion 20 can be tilted up to about 10 degrees with respect to the seat portion 10 in a normally assumed use state. Thereby, the stone S vertically stacked on the seat portion 10 can be supported on the back portion 20 with a large inclination angle θ, and the stone S can be transported or transported in a more stable state. Further, in the stone wood pallet according to the present embodiment, the back portion 20 does not easily fall forward against a forward load applied to the back portion 20 by the stone material S or the like.
[0040]
According to the experimental results by the inventors, it has been confirmed that the strength (maximum support load) with respect to the forward load increases dramatically particularly in the stone wood pallet according to the present embodiment. For example, in the case of the wooden pallet for stones of the type shown in FIG. 1, when measured under the following conditions, the load resistance of the back part 20 against the stones to be dripped was as follows.
[0041]
Dimensions = W800mm * L900mm * H800mm
Total loading weight = 1200kg
Inclination angle of the back 20 = about 5 degrees
[0042]
Maximum rear support load (withstand load) = approx. 200kg
This is a sufficient value even in consideration of normal use conditions (such as the maximum number of stones loaded and the maximum load).
[0043]
Maximum front support load capacity (forward load capacity) = approximately 240 kg
This is a value that is more than sufficient even in consideration of normal use conditions.
[0044]
In addition, by connecting the back portion 20 to the seat portion 10 in a planar manner, the connection strength of the back portion 20 to the seat portion 10 can be increased not only in the front-rear direction of the stone wood pallet but also in the left-right direction. . Therefore, when the stone S is loaded on the seat portion 10, even when stress in the left-right direction is applied, it is possible to prevent the back portion 20 from sideways and prevent the back portion 20 from buckling against the seat portion 10. can do.
[0045]
Moreover, the connection plates 31a and 31b can be formed of inexpensive plywood such as structural plywood, and the manufacturing cost of the wood pallet for stone can be further reduced.
[0046]
Here, when the left and right ends of the plate members 12 and 22 of the seat part 10 and the back part 20 are flush with the flat part material 11 for the seat part and the flat part material 21 for the back part, the flat part material 11 for the seat part. In addition, when the plate members 12 and 22 are nailed on the back split material 21, there is a possibility that the left and right ends of the plate members 12 and 22 are broken by the nail driving. However, in the present embodiment, the protrusions at the left and right ends of the plate members 12 and 22 absorb the stress in the cracking direction (the width direction of the plate members 12 and 22) due to nailing, so that the plate members 12 and 22 are not cracked. It can be effectively prevented.
[0047]
[Diagonal nails]
When nailing the pair of left and right connecting plates 31a and 31b to the seat connecting portion 11a and the back connecting portion 21a, it is usually along the length direction of the seat connecting portion 11a and the back connecting portion 21a. And hit the nail linearly at regular intervals. However, it is also possible to hit the connecting plates 31a and 31b in a zigzag manner while shifting the positions alternately in the width direction along the vertical direction of the seat connecting portion 11a and the back connecting portion 21a. In this way, the load applied in the surface direction of the connecting plates 31a and 31b can be evenly distributed and loaded in the surface direction by the nails struck in a zigzag shape, and the seat 10 and the back portion 20 of the connecting plates 31a and 31b can be loaded. The connection strength can be further increased. Furthermore, in this case, it is also possible to nail so that the zigzag direction is symmetric between one and the other of the pair of left and right connecting plates 31a and 31b (diagonal diagonal driving). For example, on one of the connecting plates 31a and 31b, four nails are arranged in the order of left, right, left, and right (viewed from one side in the thickness direction of the seat connecting portion 11a and the back connecting portion 21a). Zigzag, the other connecting plates 31a and 31b are provided with four pieces in the order of right, left, right and left (as viewed from one side in the thickness direction of the seat connecting portion 11a and the back connecting portion 21a). Hit the nail in a zigzag. In this way, the load applied in the surface direction of the pair of left and right connecting plates 31a and 31b can be more evenly distributed and loaded in the surface direction by diagonally nail, and the seat portion 10 and the connecting plate 31a and 31b The connection strength of the back part 20 can be further increased.
[0048]
[Use of wide plate]
In the present embodiment, a wide plate (back width plate) is used as each of the plates 12 and 22. In this case, it is preferable that the plate members 12 and 22 made of the back width plate are fixed to the flat member 11 for the seat portion and the flat member 21 for the back portion by three nailings arranged at substantially constant intervals in the vertical direction. If it carries out like this, it can prevent effectively that the board | plate materials 12 and 22 twist in the front-back direction or an up-down direction. Moreover, the intensity | strength of the whole wooden pallet for stones becomes high by using a back width board.
[0049]
[Embodiment 2: Block material for fixing reinforcing plate]
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a main part of the stone wood pallet according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
[0050]
The stone wood pallet according to the second embodiment further includes a block-like wood material for fixing the reinforcing plate 35 in the stone wood pallet according to the first embodiment. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, in the second embodiment, an embedded block material 41 as a block-like wood material having a corresponding width is inserted into the gap between the pair of connecting plates 31a and 31b. It is fixed by nailing. At this time, the embedded block member 41 is disposed such that the rear end surface thereof is substantially flush with the rear end surfaces of the connecting plates 31a and 31b. The embedded block member 41 can be fixed by nailing from the outside of the connecting plates 31a and 31b or by nailing the flat member 11 for the seat. In the second embodiment, the reinforcing plate 35 is disposed on the rear end surfaces of the connecting plates 31a and 31b, and is fixed to the rear end surface of the embedded block member 41 by nailing. At this time, the reinforcing plate 35 can also be fixed to the rear end surfaces of the connecting plates 31a and 31b by nailing.
[0051]
In the second embodiment, the reinforcing plate 35 is simply fixed to the embedded block member 41 by nailing while the front side surface of the reinforcing plate 35 is in contact with the rear end surfaces of the connecting plates 31a and 31b. Can do. Thereby, the reinforcing plate 35 exhibits the same operation and effect as in the first embodiment.
[0052]
[Embodiment 3: Notch recess for accommodating band]
FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a stone wood pallet according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention as seen from the back side.
[0053]
The stone wood pallet according to the third embodiment further includes a notch recess 12a for accommodating the fastening band B in the stone wood pallet according to the first embodiment. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, in the third embodiment, a pair of left and right cutout recesses 12 a are cut out at the front end edge of the frontmost plate member 12 of the seat portion 10. The notch recess 12 a is formed at a substantially central position in the left-right direction between the left and right seat flat members 11 and the central seat flat member 11. Each notch recess 12a has a substantially rectangular planar shape.
[0054]
Here, when the notch recess 12a is not provided in the front edge of the frontmost plate member 12 of the seat portion 10, when the stone material S is loaded on the seat portion 10 and fastened and fixed on the seat portion 10 by the fastening band. There is a possibility that the front end of the frontmost plate material will be broken by the fastening pressure of the fastening band B. However, in Embodiment 3, when the stone S is fastened, the fastening band B is accommodated in the notch recess 12a and abuts on the plate member 12 in the notch recess 12a. Therefore, the fastening pressure of the fastening band B is evenly absorbed by the peripheral portion of the notch recess 12a of the plate material 12. As a result, it is possible to effectively prevent the frontmost plate member 12 from cracking.
[0055]
[Embodiment 4: Wire receiving groove]
FIG. 8: is a side view which shows the principal part of the wooden pallet for stones concerning Embodiment 4 of this invention.
[0056]
In the case of transporting a stone by a wooden pallet for stone, in a predetermined case, a wire may be hung on the seat 10 of the wooden pallet for stone and transferred to a high place of a building on a building site by a crane. In this case, the wire is slung in the left-right direction of the seat portion 10. Therefore, the stone wood pallet according to the fourth embodiment is a stone wood pallet according to the first embodiment, in order to accommodate the wires W at the front and rear positions on the lower side surface of the flat part 11 for the seat. The receiving groove 11b is formed. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8, the housing grooves 11 b extend in the width direction of the seat split material 11 at predetermined positions on the front and rear sides of each seat split material 11. Is formed. Accordingly, the front three accommodation grooves 11b and the rear three accommodation grooves 11b of the flat member 11 for the seat part are respectively continuous in a straight line in the left-right direction of the seat part 10.
[0057]
In the stone wood pallet according to the fourth embodiment, the wires W can be housed and placed along the housing grooves 11b of the flat member 11 for the seat part on the front side and the rear side of the seat part 10, respectively. If it carries out like this, the crack of the lower end which is a part which the wire W contact | abuts in the split material 11 for seat parts can be prevented effectively. In addition, when the stone wood pallet is placed on the ground or floor such as a transfer place, the slung wire W does not get in the way. Therefore, after placing the stone wood pallet on the ground or floor such as a transfer place, the slung wire Y can be easily extracted from the seat portion 10 without lifting the stone wood pallet. Note that the same effect can be obtained by forming a through-hole penetrating the seat split material 11 in the width direction instead of the housing groove 11b.
[0058]
[Embodiment 5: Structure for preventing right and left fogging]
FIG. 9: is a front view which shows the principal part of the wooden pallet for stones concerning Embodiment 5 of this invention.
[0059]
The stone wood pallet according to the fifth embodiment is the same as the stone wood pallet according to the first embodiment, with the thickness (vertical dimension) of the flat part 11 for the seat portion being a predetermined dimension in the center than the left and right ones. X is made smaller. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 9, in the fifth embodiment, among the three seat split members 11 arranged at equal intervals in the left-right direction of the seat portion 10, the center seat split The thickness of the material 11C is made slightly smaller by a predetermined dimension X than the thickness of the left and right seat flat material 11S. In a normal state where the stone material S is not loaded on the seat portion 10, the left and right seat split materials 11 </ b> S are in contact with the ground G, and the lower side surface of the center seat split material 11 </ b> C is upward from the ground G. To be located. On the other hand, in the loaded state in which the stone material S is loaded, the left and right center of the plate 12 of the seat portion 10 is elastically bent downward by the load of the stone material S, and the left and right seat split material 11S and the center seat portion are curved. All the flat splitting materials 11C are in contact with the ground G.
[0060]
Here, when the thickness of all the flat members 11 (three in the illustrated example) is the same, the ground G is not flat, or all of the flat members 111 for the seats located on the left, right, and center. If the lower side surface of the left and right seats is not flush, either one of the left and right seat flat members 11 and the center seat flat member 11 come into contact with the ground G, and the left and right seat flats There is a possibility that the other side of the split material 11 is lifted from the ground G. In this case, the seat part 10 is distorted from side to side as if it were a fulcrum with the center part of the split part 11 for the seat part, causing stagnation and wobble, or when the stone S is loaded on the seat part 10 due to the load. There is a possibility that the seat 10 buckles. However, in the fifth embodiment, in the normal state in which the stone material S is not loaded on the seat portion 10, the lower side surface of the central split member 11 C for the seat portion is in a position raised upward from the ground G. Only the flat part 11S for seat part contacts the ground G. As a result, the seat portion 10 does not squeeze to the left and right as if the seat portion flat split member 11C is the fulcrum. Therefore, neither the stagnation nor the wobble occurs in the seat portion 10, nor when the stone S is loaded on the seat portion 10, the seat portion 10 is not buckled by the load. Further, in the loaded state in which the stone material S is loaded on the seat portion 10, the left and right center of the seat portion 10 is elastically curved downward by the load of the stone material S, and the left and right seat split material 11 </ b> S and the center seat portion are curved. All of the flat members 11C for use are in contact with the ground. Therefore, the seat part 10 is supported by all the flat parts 11S and 11C for seat parts, and the load of the stone material S can be borne stably and reliably.
[0061]
The difference (dimension X) between the thickness of the central split member 11C for the seat and the thickness of the left and right flat member 11S for the left and right seats can be any size, but is usually 1 mm to 5 mm. It is preferable to set it as the range. If it is less than 1 mm, there is a possibility that a sufficient dimensional difference between the thickness of the central split member 11C for the seat and the thickness of the left split member 11S for the left and right seats cannot be secured due to dimensional errors and dimensional accuracy during manufacturing. is there. On the other hand, when it exceeds 5 mm, the strength of the central split member 11C for the seat portion may be lowered. However, as long as the difference in thickness between the central split member 11C for the central seat and the horizontal split member 11S for the left and right seats can be secured, and the strength of the central split member 11C for the central seat can be secured, Of course, it is possible to adopt the dimension X.
[0062]
By the way, it is sufficient that at least three of the flat members 11 for the seat are arranged at equal intervals in the left-right direction of the seat 10, and four or more can also be arranged. In any case, as described above, the thickness of the central split member 11 for the seat portion may be slightly smaller than the thickness of the split member 11 for the left and right seat portions.
[0063]
[Embodiment 6: Corner block]
FIG. 10: is a perspective view which shows the principal part of the wooden pallet for stones based on Embodiment 6 of this invention seeing from the lower surface side of a seat part.
[0064]
The stone wood pallet according to the sixth embodiment is further provided with a corner block 51 for the purpose of preventing buckling of the seat portion 10 in the stone wood pallet according to the first embodiment. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment. That is, in the first embodiment, the outer sides of the front end portions of the left and right seat flat members 11 of the seat portion 10 and the left and right end portions of the frontmost plate member 12 (projecting left and right from the seat portion split member 11). A pair of left and right outer corner portions are formed between the protruding portions). As shown in FIG. 10, in the stone wood pallet according to the sixth embodiment, corner blocks 51 as block wood materials are fixed to the left and right outer corner portions, respectively. Each corner block 51 has a thickness substantially the same as the thickness of the flat member 11 for the seat portion, and has a rectangular parallelepiped shape corresponding to the corner portion. Furthermore, the stone wood pallet according to the sixth embodiment is also applied to a pair of left and right inner corner portions formed between the inner sides of the front end portions of the left and right seat splitting members 11 and the frontmost plate member 12. The same corner block 51 is fixed. Note that the corner block 51 of the inner corner portion can be omitted.
[0065]
Here, when the stone material S is loaded on the seat portion 10, if the load of the stone material S is applied to any of the protruding portions at the left and right ends of the plate material 12, the seat portion 10 may be buckled left and right. . However, in the sixth embodiment, the corner blocks 51 existing at the outer corner portions on the lower surface side of the protruding portions at the left and right ends of the plate material 12 come into contact with the ground, and the stone material S applied to the protruding portions at the left and right ends of the plate material 12 Support the load securely. As a result, buckling of the seat portion 10 can be effectively prevented. Further, the corner block 51 of the inner corner similarly contacts the ground and reliably supports the load of the stone material S applied to the protruding portions at the left and right ends of the plate material 12. As a result, buckling of the seat portion 10 can be more effectively prevented.
[0066]
[Embodiments 7 to 10]
The stone wood pallets according to Embodiments 7 to 10 to be described below have a seat portion depth (front-rear direction dimension) and width (horizontal direction dimension) and / or back portion width (left-right direction dimension) and height ( The vertical dimension) is different from that of the stone wood pallet of the first embodiment. The stone wood pallets with different dimensions are used for loading and transporting corresponding stones with various dimensions.
[0067]
[Embodiment 7]
FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a stone wood pallet according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
In the stone wood pallet according to the seventh embodiment, the height of the back portion 20A is smaller than that in the first embodiment in the stone wood pallet according to the first embodiment. That is, as shown in FIG. 11, in the seventh embodiment, as the back split material 21A, a material having a height lower than that of the back split material 21 of the first embodiment is used. In addition, one plate material 22 is fixed to the upper end of the back split material 21A. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
[0068]
[Embodiment 8]
FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a stone wood pallet according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.
In the stone wood pallet according to the eighth embodiment, the depth of the seat portion 10B and the height of the back portion 20B are smaller than those in the first embodiment in the stone wood pallet according to the first embodiment. That is, as shown in FIG. 12, in the eighth embodiment, as the seat split material 11B, one having a shorter length than the seat split material 11 of the first embodiment is used. Further, three plate members 12 are fixed to the flat part member 11B for the seat portion. Furthermore, the stone wood pallet according to the eighth embodiment includes a back portion 20A similar to that of the seventh embodiment. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
[0069]
[Embodiment 9]
FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a stone wood pallet according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention.
In the stone wood pallet according to the ninth embodiment, the width of the seat portion 10B and the width of the back portion 20B are smaller than those in the first embodiment in the stone wood pallet according to the first embodiment. That is, as shown in FIG. 13, the stone wood pallet according to the ninth embodiment uses two flat parting materials 11 for the seat portion similar to those in the first embodiment. Four plate members 12C having a shorter length than the plate member 12 of the first embodiment are fixed to the flat member 11 for the seat portion. Furthermore, the stone wood pallet according to the ninth embodiment uses two back split materials 21 similar to those of the first embodiment. Two plate members 22C having a shorter length than the plate member 22 of the first embodiment are fixed to the back part split member 21. Further, a reinforcing plate 35C having a shorter length than the reinforcing plate 35 of the first embodiment is fixed to the connecting plates 31a and 31b. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
[0070]
[Embodiment 10]
FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a stone wood pallet according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention.
The stone wood pallet according to the tenth embodiment is the stone wood pallet according to the first embodiment, wherein the width of the seat 10B is made larger than that of the first embodiment and the depth is made smaller than that of the first embodiment. Yes. Further, the width of the back portion 20B is made larger than that of the first embodiment. That is, as shown in FIG. 14, the stone wood pallet according to the tenth embodiment uses four flat parting members 11B for the seat portion similar to the eighth embodiment. Three plate members 12D having a longer length than the plate member 12 of the first embodiment are fixed to the flat part member 11B for the seat portion. Furthermore, the stone wood pallet according to the tenth embodiment uses four back split materials 21 similar to those of the first embodiment. Two plate members 22D having a length longer than that of the plate member 22 of the first embodiment are fixed to the back split material 21. Further, a reinforcing plate 35D having a length longer than that of the reinforcing plate 35 of the first embodiment is fixed to the connecting plates 31a and 31b. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
[0071]
[Embodiment 11]
FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing a stone wood pallet according to Embodiment 11 of the present invention.
[0072]
As shown in FIG. 15, the stone wood pallet according to the eleventh embodiment includes a seat portion 110 and a back portion 120 similar to those in the above embodiments. A pair of elongate flat members 111 are arranged at the left and right ends of the seat part 110 at intervals of the thickness of the flat members 111 so as to extend in the front-rear direction. In addition, one flat member 111 is arranged at the center of the left and right sides of the seat portion 110 so as to extend in the front-rear direction. The flat split members 111 are arranged parallel to each other so that the width direction thereof is the vertical direction. A plurality of (four in FIG. 15) plate members 112 are arranged on the top surface of the flat member 111 so as to extend in the left-right direction, and are fixed by nailing.
[0073]
On the other hand, the back portion 120 has long strips 121 arranged at the left and right ends and the center, respectively, so as to extend in the vertical direction. The lower ends of the left and right flat members 121 are fixed by nailing in a state where they are sandwiched at positions ahead of the rear ends of the pair of left and right flat members 111 of the seat 110 by a predetermined distance. The central flat member 121 is fixed by nailing at a position ahead of the rear end portion of the central flat member 111 of the seat 110 by a predetermined distance. Behind each flat member 121, a reinforcing oblique member 125 having a shape obtained by obliquely cutting one end of a short flat member is disposed in a state of being inclined forward. The rear end portions of the left and right reinforcing diagonal members 125 are fixed by nailing in a state of being sandwiched between the rear end portions of the pair of left and right flat members 111, respectively. The rear end portion of the central reinforcing diagonal member 125 is fixed by nailing to the rear end portion of the central flat member 111. The front end portion of each reinforcing diagonal member 125 is fixed by nailing in a state in which the end surface cut obliquely is in close contact with the rear end surface of the corresponding flat member 121. A plate material 122 is disposed so as to extend in the left-right direction at the upper end portion and the substantially central portion in the vertical direction of the flat split member 121, and is fixed by nailing.
[0074]
This wooden pallet for stone is inclined backward at a predetermined angle with respect to the seat 110 so that the vertically stacked stone can be held by the back 120 while being inclined to the rear to some extent. . On the other hand, in the stone wood pallet, the lower end portion of the flat member 121 of the back portion 120 is fixed by nailing to the flat member 111 of the seat portion 110, and the flat member 121 is connected and supported from the rear by the reinforcing diagonal member 125. In addition, the back portion 120 is prevented from falling backward.
[0075]
Here, in a state where the back portion 120 is inclined backward with respect to the seat portion 110 within an angle range of about 3 to 10 degrees, the seat portion 110 and the back portion 120 are moved by the nailing and reinforcing diagonal members 125. It is preferable that they are fixed so as not to move with respect to each other. If the inclination angle of the back portion 120 is smaller than 3 degrees, the stone material may fall forward when the vertically stacked stone material is supported in a state where the stone material is rolled over the back portion 120. On the other hand, if the inclination angle of the back part 120 is larger than 10 degrees, the load applied to the back part 120 from the stone that is drooping is large, and the back part 120 cannot sufficiently support the load of the stone depending on the number of stones (total weight) to be loaded. There is a possibility. Further, the present invention provides the nail and the reinforcing diagonal member 125 so that the seat portion 110 and the seat portion 110 and the seat portion 110 are tilted backward with respect to the seat portion 110 at an angle in the range of about 3 to 7 degrees. More preferably, the back portions 120 are fixed so as not to move relative to each other (even more preferably 3 to 5 degrees). When the inclination angle of the back part 120 is set to an angle in the range of about 3 to 5 degrees, the stone can be supported in a stable state in the back part 120, and even when the stone is fully loaded in a normal use state The back portion 120 can sufficiently support the load of the stone material.
[0076]
According to the results of experiments by the inventors, for example, in the case of a wooden pallet for stones of the type shown in FIG. 15, when measured under the following conditions, the load resistance of the back part 120 against the drowning stone was as follows.
[0077]
Dimensions = W800mm * L900mm * H800mm
Total loading weight = 1200kg
Inclination angle of the back 120 = about 5 degrees
[0078]
Maximum rear support load capacity (reverse load capacity) = approximately 240 kg
This is a value that is more than sufficient even in consideration of normal use conditions (such as the maximum number of stones loaded and the maximum load).
[0079]
Maximum front support load capacity (forward load capacity) = approximately 110 kg
This is a sufficient value even in consideration of normal use conditions.
[0080]
In the stone wood pallet according to the present embodiment as well, the left and right ends of the plate materials 112 and 122 are replaced with the left and right seat flat parts 111 and the back as in the stone wood pallet according to the first embodiment. It can also be made to project leftward and rightward from the flat member 121 for use. That is, in FIG. 15, the left and right ends of the plate material 112 of the seat portion 110 and the plate material 122 of the back portion 120 are respectively shown in FIG. 15 with respect to the stone wood pallet according to the eleventh embodiment. It is shown to be flush with the left and right ends of 121. However, the plate material 112 of the seat portion 110 and the plate material 122 of the back portion 120 can also be protruded left and right from the left and right ends of the seat flat material 111 and the back flat material 121.
[0081]
In addition, in the stone wood pallet according to the present embodiment, the configuration of the third embodiment (a notch recess for accommodating the fastening band) can be employed. That is, similarly to the third embodiment, also in the stone wood pallet shown in FIG. 15, the notch recess 12a can be provided at the front end edge of the frontmost plate member 112. Furthermore, as long as it has the seat part similar to the seat part 10 or the seat part 110, the structure of the notch recessed part 12a which concerns on Embodiment 3 can be applied to the various wooden pallets for stone materials of another structure.
[0082]
Furthermore, in the wood pallet for stone according to the present embodiment, the configuration of the fourth embodiment (accommodating groove for accommodating the wire) can also be adopted. That is, in the same manner as in the fourth embodiment, in the stone wood pallet shown in FIG. Through-holes) can be formed. In addition, as long as it has the seat part similar to the seat part 10 or the seat part 110, the structure of Embodiment 4 is applicable to the various wooden pallets for stone materials of another structure.
[0083]
Furthermore, in the stone wood pallet according to the present embodiment, the configuration of the fifth embodiment (a structure for preventing right-and-left squeezing) can be employed. That is, in the same manner as in the fifth embodiment, also in the stone wood pallet shown in FIG. 15, the thickness of the central split member 111 for the seat is slightly smaller than the thickness of the left and right flat member 111 for the seat by a predetermined dimension X It can also be made smaller. In addition, as long as it has the seat part similar to the seat part 10 and the seat part 110, the structure of Embodiment 5 is applicable to the various wooden pallets for stone materials of another structure.
[0084]
[Comparison of manufacturing costs]
The wood pallet for stone according to the eleventh embodiment uses, as materials, a flat member 111, a plate member 112, a flat member 121, a reinforcing oblique member 125 made of a flat member, and a plate member 122. Further, the stone wood pallet has a pair of flat splits on the left and right sides of the seat 100 so that the seat 110 (particularly the flat split material 111) does not buckle left and right due to the load when the stone is placed on the seat 110. A material 111 is arranged. In addition, the reinforcing diagonal member 125 is used so that the back portion 120 does not fall backward due to the rear load of the stone material.
[0085]
On the other hand, the stone wood pallet according to the first to tenth embodiments can use relatively inexpensive wood as compared with the eleventh embodiment. That is, the stone wood pallets according to the first to tenth embodiments can reduce the number of flat wood used as relatively expensive wood, which is further advantageous in terms of the number of parts and manufacturing cost. That is, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 15, it is necessary that the number of the split part 111 for the seat part is at least two at the left and right ends, but in the first to tenth parts, the split part for the seat part is required. The number of the materials 11 can be set to one at each of the left and right arrangement positions. As a result, it is possible to reduce the number of use of the entire flat part 11 for the seat portion and further reduce the manufacturing cost of the wooden pallet for stone.
[0086]
[Embodiment 12]
FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing a stone wood pallet according to Embodiment 12 of the present invention as seen from the front side. FIG. 17: is a side view which expands and shows the principal part of the wooden pallet for stones based on Embodiment 12 of this invention. FIG. 18 is a bottom view showing a stone wood pallet according to Embodiment 12 of the present invention. FIG. 19 is a rear view showing a stone pallet according to Embodiment 12 of the present invention. FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing the main part of a stone wood pallet according to Embodiment 12 of the present invention when viewed from the back side.
[0087]
The stone wood pallet according to the twelfth embodiment has the same concept as the connecting plates 31a and 31b of the stone wood pallet according to the first to tenth embodiments, and the reinforcing diagonal member of the stone wood pallet according to the eleventh embodiment. This is a combination of 125 and the same idea. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 16, the stone wood pallet connection means 30 according to the twelfth embodiment includes connection plates 31a and 231b as a pair of left and right plate-like wood connection materials. The lower part of the connecting plates 31a and 231b is fixed to the seat connecting part 12a with the pair of left and right connecting plates 31a and 231b sandwiching the seat connecting part 12a and the back connecting part 22a from the left and right sides. In addition, the upper portions of the connection plates 31a and 231b are fixed to the back connection portion 22a. Thereby, the seat part 10 and the back part 20 are connected and fixed so that they cannot move or tilt in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction via the connection plates 31a and 231b. Furthermore, in the twelfth embodiment, a reinforcing diagonal member 225 having a shape obtained by obliquely cutting off one end of a short flat member or a plate member is disposed behind each flat member 21 in a state of being inclined forward. The front end portion of each reinforcing diagonal member 225 has a first support end surface 225a serving as one end surface in the length direction (front end surface) cut obliquely, and the back portion connecting portion 21a of each corresponding back portion split member 21. It is fixed by nailing or the like in close contact with the upper end of the rear side surface. In addition, the rear end portion of each reinforcing diagonal member 225 has a second support end surface 225b as the other end surface in the length direction (rear end surface), and the corresponding seat portion connecting portion of each flat member 11 for seat portion. It is fixed by nailing or the like in close contact with the rear end portion of the upper side surface 11a1 of 11a.
[0088]
Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 17 to 19, in the twelfth embodiment, two types of connecting plates 31a and 231b are used. The connecting plates 31a and 231b are respectively provided with lower end surfaces 31a1 and 231b1 extending in substantially the same direction (front-rear direction) as the lower side surface of the flat member 11 for the seat portion, and the back flat portion with respect to the lower end surfaces 31a1 and 231b1. The front end surfaces 31a2 and 231b2 are inclined rearward at substantially the same inclination angle as the inclination angle θ of the split member 21. On the other hand, a total of four connecting plates 231b located in the center (inner side) of the seat split material 11 or the back split material 21 are respectively connected to the lower side of the back split material 21 (back connecting portion). 21a) is substantially the same rectangular plate shape. That is, the connecting plate 231b completely overlaps with the front portion of the connecting plate 31a, and the rear end surface 231b3 substantially coincides with the rear end surface of the back connecting portion 21a. And the center part and rear side part of the connection board 31a protrude back from the rear-end surface (rear-end surface of the connection part 21a for back parts) of the connection board 231b.
[0089]
On the other hand, the reinforcing diagonal member 225 extends at an inclination angle substantially the same as the inclined rear end surface 31a1 of the connecting plate 31a and extends forwardly along the inclined rear end surface 31a1 of the connecting plate 31a. This is fixed between the seat connecting portion 11a and the back connecting portion 21a of the back split material 21. It is preferable from the viewpoint of strength and the like that the rear side surface 225d of the reinforcing diagonal member 225 substantially matches the rear side surface 31a3 of the connecting plate 31a. The reinforcing diagonal member 225 is made of a wood material having a thickness within the interval between the connecting plate 31a and the connecting plate 231b, preferably a plate having a shape shown in FIGS. Preferably, it is processed into a shape. Thereby, a triangular space is formed between the rear end surface 231b3 of the connecting plate 231b, the upper end surface 21a1 of the back connecting portion 21a of the back split material 21, and the front side surface 225c of the reinforcing diagonal member 225.
[0090]
The left and right ends of the reinforcing plate 35 are accommodated in the triangular space and are disposed between the connecting plates 31a at the left and right ends. The reinforcing plate 35 is nailed from the rear side surface in a state where the front side surface is in contact with the rear end surface of all (three) back split members 21 and the rear end surfaces 231b3 of the four central connecting plates 231b. By hitting, it is fixed to the back part split material 21 and the connecting plate 231b. In addition, it is preferable that the reinforcing plate 35 is also fixed to the inside of the connecting plate 31a by nailing or the like as in the first embodiment.
[0091]
Here, as described above, the reinforcing diagonal member 225 may have a thickness within the interval between the pair of connecting plates 31a and 231b. In this case, the reinforcing diagonal member 225 can be formed of an inexpensive plate material such as plywood, and the material cost can be reduced. On the other hand, the reinforcing diagonal member 225 may have a thickness equal to or greater than the distance between the pair of connecting plates 31a and the connecting plate 231b (that is, the thickness of the back split material 21). For example, in the first case, the thickness of the left and right reinforcing diagonal members 225 is set to the thickness from the inner surface of the connecting plate 31a to the outer surface of the connecting plate 231b (that is, the thickness of the back split material 21 and the connecting plate 231b). (Thickness plus thickness)). In this case, the connecting plate 231b is not a rectangular plate corresponding to the back connecting portion 21a as described above, but a substantially L-shaped plate corresponding to the back connecting portion 21a and the seat connecting portion 11a. preferable. Thus, the first support end surface 225a of the reinforcing diagonal member 225 is supported and fixed to the rear side surface of the back connecting portion 21a and the rear side surface of the L-shaped connecting plate 231b, and the second support of the reinforcing diagonal member 225 is provided. The end surface 225b can be supported and fixed to the upper side surface of the seat connecting portion 11a and the upper side surface of the L-shaped connecting plate 231b. As a result, the area of the connecting plate 231b can be increased to increase the connection strength between the seat 10 and the back 20 by the connecting plate 31a and the connecting plate 231b, and the thickness of the reinforcing diagonal member 225 and the areas of the support end surfaces 225a and 225b can be reduced. It can increase and the connection strength of the seat part 10 and the back part 20 by the reinforcement diagonal material 225 can be increased.
[0092]
Alternatively, in the second case, the thickness of the reinforcing reinforcing member 225 at the center is the thickness from the inner side surface of one connecting plate 231b to the outer side surface of the other connecting plate 231b (that is, the thickness of the back split material 21). The thickness of one connecting plate 231b plus the thickness from the outer surface of one connecting plate 231b to the outer surface of the other connecting plate 231b (that is, both the thickness of the split material 21 for the back portion and both) Or the thickness of the connecting plate 231b). In this case, the connecting plate 231b (at least on the side where the reinforcing diagonal member 225 is thick) is substantially L-shaped corresponding to the back connecting portion 21a and the seat connecting portion 11a as described above. preferable. If it carries out like this, the reinforcement diagonal 225 can be supported and fixed to the connection part 11a for seat parts, the connection part 21a for back parts, and the connection board 231b like the above, and the connection strength of the seat part 10 and the back part 20 can be increased.
[0093]
Alternatively, in the third case, the thickness of the left and right reinforcing diagonal members 225 is set to the thickness from the outer surface of the connecting plate 31a to the outer surface of the connecting plate 231b (that is, the thickness of the back split material 21 and the connecting plate 31a). Or the thickness of the connecting plate 231b). In this case, not only the connecting plate 231b but also the connecting plate 31a has a substantially L-shaped plate shape corresponding to the back connecting portion 21a and the seat connecting portion 11a as described above. In the same manner as described above, the reinforcing diagonal member 225 can be supported and fixed to the seat connecting portion 11a, the back connecting portion 21a, the connecting plate 31a, and the connecting plate 231b, and the connection strength between the seat 10 and the back portion 20 can be increased. Can be increased. Alternatively, the first to third examples can be used in appropriate combination.
[0094]
Further, the connecting plate 231b may be formed in a substantially triangular frame shape corresponding to the back connecting portion 21a, the seat connecting portion 11a, and the reinforcing diagonal member 225. That is, it has a triangular outer shape corresponding to the triangular shape formed between the front end surface 231b1 of the connecting plate 231b, the lower end surface of the back connecting portion 21a, and the rear side surface 225d of the reinforcing diagonal member 225, and is connected A connecting plate 231b having a triangular opening corresponding to the triangular space formed between the rear end surface 231b3 of the plate 231b, the upper end surface 21a1 of the back connecting portion 21a, and the front side surface 225c of the reinforcing diagonal member 225 is provided. May be used. In this case, the area of the connecting plate 231b can be further increased to further increase the connection strength between the seat portion 10 and the back portion 20 by the connecting plate 31a and the connecting plate 231b, as well as the thickness of the reinforcing diagonal member 225 and the support end surfaces 225a and 225b. By increasing the area, the connection strength between the seat portion 10 and the back portion 20 by the reinforcing diagonal member 225 can be further increased. Further, a triangular space formed between the rear end surface 231b3 of the connecting plate 231b, the upper end surface 21a1 of the back connecting portion 21a, and the front side surface 225c of the reinforcing diagonal member 225, and a triangular opening of the connecting plate 231b. Thus, the reinforcing plate 35 can be fixed to the rear side surface 21 of the back portion and the rear side surface of the connecting plate 231b (and / or the inner side surface of the connecting plate 31a). Furthermore, not only the connecting plate 231b but also the connecting plate 31a can be formed in the same substantially triangular frame shape. In this case, the triangular space formed between the rear end surface 231b3 of the connecting plate 231b, the upper end surface 21a1 of the connecting portion 21a for the back portion, and the front side surface 225c of the reinforcing diagonal member 225 and the triangular shape of the connecting plates 31a and 231b. Through the opening, the reinforcing plate 35 can be fixed to the rear side surfaces of the back part split member 21 and the connecting plates 31a and 231b.
[0095]
In any of the above cases, the inclination angle of the back portion 20 is preferably in the range of about 3 degrees to 10 degrees, more preferably in the range of about 3 degrees to 7 degrees, as in the first embodiment. It is still more preferable to set it in the range of 3 degrees to 5 degrees.
[0096]
The stone wood pallet according to the twelfth embodiment is the same as in the sixth embodiment. For the purpose of preventing buckling of the seat portion 10 and the like, both the left and right sides of the front end portion of the flat member 11 for each seat portion of the seat portion 10 are used. A fixed block 251 is fixed to the surface. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 19, all the corner portions formed between the inner and outer surfaces of the front end portion of each flat member 11 for each seat portion of the seat portion 10 and the frontmost plate member 12 are as shown in FIG. Each corner block 251 as a block-like wood material is fixed by nailing or the like. Each corner block 251 has a thickness substantially the same as the thickness of the split member 11 for the seat, and has a rectangular parallelepiped shape or a short plate shape corresponding to each corner portion. It should be noted that a required number of corner blocks can be fixed to the required corner portions according to the required buckling strength without fixing the corner blocks to all the corner portions.
[0097]
The stone wood pallet according to the twelfth embodiment configured as described above exhibits the same operations and effects as described in the first and sixth embodiments, and further improves the supporting strength against the rear load caused by the stone. can do. According to the results of experiments by the inventors, it has been confirmed that the strength against the rear load (maximum support load) in particular is greatly increased in the stone wood pallet according to the present embodiment. For example, in the case of the wooden pallet for stones of the type shown in FIG. 16, when measured under the following conditions, the load resistance of the back portion 20 against the stone to be drooped was as follows.
[0098]
Dimensions = W800mm * L900mm * H800mm
Total loading weight = 1200kg
Inclination angle of the back 20 = about 5 degrees
[0099]
Maximum rear support load (withstand load) = approx. 300kg
This is a value that is more than sufficient even in consideration of normal use conditions (such as the maximum number of stones loaded and the maximum load).
[0100]
Maximum front support load capacity (forward load capacity) = approximately 240 kg
This is a value that is more than sufficient even in consideration of normal use conditions.
[0101]
On the other hand, in the present embodiment, when the stone material S is loaded on the seat portion 10, even when the load of the stone material S is applied to the left and right directions of the plate material 12 and the seat portion 10 may be buckled left and right. The corner blocks 251 present at the corners on the lower surface side of the plate 12 contact the ground and reliably support the load of the stone S applied in the left-right direction of the plate 12. As a result, buckling of the seat portion 10 can be effectively prevented.
[0102]
In the stone wood pallet according to the twelfth embodiment, as long as the reinforcing diagonal member 225 can be fixed, the connecting plate 231b has a shape other than a rectangular shape, a substantially L shape, or a substantially triangular frame shape, for example, the first embodiment. The connection plate 31b may have another shape such as a substantially five-stroke shape, and the area may be increased to increase the connection strength. Alternatively, the connecting plate 231b may be formed of a substantially five-stroke plate material similar to the connecting plate 31a, and a hole that can be inserted through the reinforcing plate 35 may be formed.
[0103]
[Other examples]
As described above, the depth, width, and height of the required seat and back are determined according to the dimensions (length and width) of the stone to be loaded in the stone wooden pallet according to the present invention. Therefore, according to the wood pallet for stone according to the present invention, according to the required depth, width and height of the seat and back, the number and length of the split material for seat and the split material for back are used. While increasing or decreasing, the number and length of the plate members fixed to the flat part for the seat and the flat part for the back are changed.
[0104]
[Fixing means]
In each of the above-described embodiments, the plate members 11, 11B, 11S, 11C, 12, 12C, 12D and the connecting plates 31a, 31b, 231b with respect to the seat split members 11, 11B and the back split members 21, 21A. The reinforcing plate 35, the embedding block material 41, and the corner blocks 51, 251 are fixed by nailing. In this case, as a type of nail, a screw nail can be used in addition to a normal nail. Further, the fixing can be performed by a method other than nailing, for example, by bonding, or nail driving and bonding can be used in combination. Or it can also be performed using other fixing tools.
[0105]
[material]
In addition, the above-mentioned flat member for the seat 11, 11B, the flat member for the back 21, 21A, the plate member 11, 11B, 11S, 11C, 12, 12C, 12D, the connecting plate 31a, 31b, 231b, the reinforcing plate 35, embedded As long as the material of the embedding block material 41 and the corner blocks 51 and 251 is wood, various wood materials such as synthetic wood can be used in addition to ordinary wood. Furthermore, as the wooden skeleton material for the seat and the wooden skeleton material for the back portion of the present invention, various wooden materials can be used in addition to the flat-cut material as long as it has an elongated shape with a rectangular cross section. In addition to the plate material, various plate-like wood materials can be used as the plate-like wood material of the present invention. Furthermore, as a wood connection material of the present invention, various wood materials can be used as long as they are plate-shaped. As the reinforcing wood material of the present invention, various wood materials can be used as long as they are long. Furthermore, as the block-like wood material of the present invention, various wood-like materials can be used as long as it forms a block shape.
[0106]
【The invention's effect】
Since the whole wooden pallet for stone according to claim 1 is made of a wooden material, it is inexpensive and there is no possibility of damaging or scratching the stone unlike a steel pallet. In addition, the pair of left and right wood connecting members supports the seat connecting portion for the seat wooden skeleton material and the back connecting portion for the back wood skeleton material from both the left and right sides. And the connecting portion for the back portion can be supported and connected. Therefore, the connection area of a seat part and a back part increases, and especially the connection intensity | strength in the front-back direction (inclination direction of a back part) of the wooden pallet for stones increases dramatically. Therefore, it is possible to dramatically increase the strength against the backward load that is the inclination direction of the back portion. As a result, even if the inclination angle of the back part with respect to the seat part is increased, the back part does not fall down due to the load of the stone. Thereby, the stone stacked vertically on the seat can be supported by leaning on the back with a large inclination angle, and the stone can be conveyed or transported in a more stable state.
[0107]
In addition, by connecting the back portion to the seat portion in a plane, the connection strength of the back portion to the seat portion can be increased not only in the front-rear direction of the stone wood pallet but also in the left-right direction. Therefore, even when a stress is applied in the left-right direction when a stone is loaded on the seat, it is possible to prevent the back from being sideways and to reduce buckling of the back relative to the seat.
[0108]
In addition, the connecting means can be made of a cheap wooden plywood and manufactured
Cost can be further reduced. Furthermore, the number of the wooden skeleton members for the seat portion can be reduced to one each, and the total number used can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost can be further reduced.
[0109]
When the stone wooden pallet according to claim 2 further supports the vertically stacked stone in a state where it is drowned in the back by setting the inclination angle of the back with respect to the seat to an angle range of about 3 degrees to 10 degrees backward. In addition, it is possible to effectively prevent the stone from falling forward, and it is possible to reliably support the back load applied to the back from the stone that is drooping by the back.
[0110]
The wood pallet for stone according to claim 3 further connects the front side surface of the connecting portion for the back of the wooden frame material for the back with the wooden connection in a state where the lower end surface of the wooden connecting material is matched with the lower surface of the wooden frame for the seat portion. By aligning with the front end face of the material, the back wooden frame material can be automatically aligned at a predetermined inclination angle with respect to the seat wooden frame material. Then, in this state, the pair of left and right wood connecting members are fixed to the back connecting portion by nailing or the like, thereby connecting the back wooden frame member to the seat wooden connecting member at a predetermined inclination angle. Can be fixed. As a result, the positioning of the back skeleton material with respect to the seat skeleton material can be easily performed, and workability can be improved.
[0111]
The stone wood pallet according to claim 4 further includes a corner portion between the lower end surface and the front side surface of the plate-shaped reinforcing wood material, the upper side surface of the rear end portion of the wood frame material for the seat portion, and the left and right ends. The reinforcing wood material can be easily positioned by matching and abutting with the corner portion between the rear end face of the wood connection material other than the wood connection material. In this state, the reinforcing wood material can be easily fixed to the wood connection material other than the wood connection materials on both left and right ends by nailing or the like. Thereby, the reinforcing wood material is fixed to the rear end of the back wood frame material, and the back wood frame material is connected and reinforced. When the fork of the forklift is inserted from the rear side of the seat, the fork comes into contact with the lower surface of the plate-like wood material of the seat and comes into contact with the lower end surface of the reinforcing wood material. Move up and down. Therefore, it is possible to prevent cracking of the plate-like wood material of the seat portion during conveyance by the forklift. Moreover, when the stress in the left-right direction is applied to the back part, the lateral shake of the back part can be effectively prevented by the reinforcing wood material.
[0112]
The stone wood pallet according to claim 5 is further configured such that the reinforcing wood material is nailed against the block wood material in a state in which the front side surface of the wood material for reinforcement is in contact with the rear end surface of the wood connecting material. Can be easily fixed. Thereby, the reinforcing wood material is fixed to the rear end of the back wood frame material, and the back wood frame material is connected and reinforced. Therefore, when the lateral stress is applied to the back portion, the lateral displacement of the back portion can be effectively prevented by the reinforcing wood material.
[0113]
Further, in the normal state in which the stone pallet for stone according to claim 6 is not loaded with stones on the seat, the lower side surface of the central wood skeleton for the seat is in a position raised above the ground. Only the wood skeleton material for the seat will come into contact with the ground, and the seat will not squeeze from side to side as if it is a fulcrum with the central wood skeleton for the seat as a fulcrum. Therefore, the seat does not stagnate or wobble, and when the stone is loaded on the seat, the seat does not buckle due to the load. In addition, when the stone is loaded on the seat, the left and right center of the seat elastically curves downward due to the load of the stone, and in addition to the left and right seat wooden skeleton, the central wooden skeleton for the seat All materials touch the ground. Therefore, a seat part is supported by all the wooden frame materials for seat parts, and the load of a stone material can be borne stably and reliably.
[0114]
Claim 7 The wooden pallet for stone is made of a wooden material and is therefore inexpensive, and there is no possibility of damaging or scratching the stone unlike a steel pallet. Furthermore, in order to support the back connection part of the back wooden skeleton material from the rear to the connection part for the seat part of the wooden frame material for the seat by the wood diagonal material, the connection part for the seat part and the connection part for the back part are provided. It can be supported and firmly connected from behind. Therefore, the connection strength between the seat portion and the back portion increases, and in particular, the strength of the back portion against the rear load increases. Furthermore, when the inclination angle of the wooden skeleton material for the back portion with respect to the wooden skeleton material for the seat portion is set to an angle range of about 3 degrees to 10 degrees rearward, when the vertically stacked stone is supported in a state where it is drowned in the back portion, It is possible to effectively prevent the stone from falling forward, and it is possible to reliably support the back load applied to the back from the stone that is drooping by the back. As a result, even if the inclination angle of the back part with respect to the seat part is increased, the back part does not fall down due to the load of the stone. Thereby, the stone stacked vertically on the seat can be supported by leaning on the back with a large inclination angle, and the stone can be conveyed or transported in a more stable state.
[0115]
Claim 8 The wooden pallet for stone is made of a wooden material and is therefore inexpensive, and there is no possibility of damaging or scratching the stone unlike a steel pallet. In addition, the pair of left and right wood connecting members supports the seat connecting portion for the seat wooden skeleton material and the back connecting portion for the back wood skeleton material from both the left and right sides. And the connecting portion for the back portion can be supported and connected. Therefore, the connection area of a seat part and a back part increases, and especially the connection intensity | strength in the front-back direction (inclination direction of a back part) of the wooden pallet for stones increases dramatically. Therefore, it is possible to dramatically increase the strength against the backward load that is the inclination direction of the back portion. As a result, even if the inclination angle of the back part with respect to the seat part is increased, the back part does not fall down due to the load of the stone. Thereby, the stone stacked vertically on the seat can be supported by leaning on the back with a large inclination angle, and the stone can be conveyed or transported in a more stable state. Furthermore, the support part for the back part of the wooden skeleton material for the back part is supported from the rear with respect to the connection part for the seat part of the wooden skeleton material for the seat part by the wooden diagonal material. Can be firmly and firmly supported and connected from behind. Therefore, the connection strength between the seat portion and the back portion is further increased, and in particular, the strength of the back portion against the rear load is further increased.
[0116]
Claim 9 The stone wooden pallet of the stone is further provided when the vertically inclined stone is supported in a state where it is drowned at the back by setting the inclination angle of the back with respect to the seat to an angle range of about 3 degrees to 10 degrees backward. Can be effectively prevented from falling forward, and the back load applied to the back portion from the drowning stone material can be reliably supported by the back portion.
[0117]
Claim 10 The stone wooden pallet of the stone further includes a corner portion between the lower end surface and the front side surface of the plate-shaped reinforcing wooden material, and the upper side surface of the rear end portion of the wooden frame material for the seat and the wooden frame material for the back portion. The reinforcing wood material can be easily positioned by matching and abutting the corner portion between the rear side surface and the rear end surface of the wood connection material other than the wood connection material on both the left and right ends. In this state, the reinforcing wood material can be easily fixed to the wood connecting material other than the wood connecting material for the back portion and / or the wood connecting material on both the left and right sides by nailing or the like. Thereby, the reinforcing wood material is fixed to the rear end of the back wood frame material, and the back wood frame material is connected and reinforced. When the fork of the forklift is inserted from the rear side of the seat, the fork comes into contact with the lower surface of the plate-like wood material of the seat and comes into contact with the lower end surface of the reinforcing wood material. Move up and down. Therefore, it is possible to prevent cracking of the plate-like wood material of the seat portion during conveyance by the forklift. Moreover, when the stress in the left-right direction is applied to the back part, the lateral shake of the back part can be effectively prevented by the reinforcing wood material.
[0118]
Claim 11 Furthermore, since the wood connecting pallet for stone material is made of plywood, the material can be obtained at low cost, and can be easily manufactured at low cost, and the overall manufacturing cost can be reduced. Moreover, since the wooden diagonal can also be comprised from a board | plate material, the material can be obtained cheaply, can be manufactured cheaply and easily, and the whole manufacturing cost can be reduced further.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a stone wood pallet according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention when viewed from the front side.
FIG. 2 is a side view showing a stone wood pallet according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged side view showing a main part of the stone wood pallet according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a bottom view showing the stone wood pallet according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a front view showing a case where a reinforcing plate is retrofitted in the stone wood pallet according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the main part of a stone wood pallet according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a stone wood pallet according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention when viewed from the back side.
FIG. 8 is a side view showing a main part of a stone wood pallet according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a front view showing a main part of a stone wooden pallet according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a main part of a stone wood pallet according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the lower surface side of the seat part.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a stone wood pallet according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a stone wood pallet according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a stone wood pallet according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a stone wood pallet according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing a stone wood pallet according to Embodiment 11 of the present invention.
FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing a stone wood pallet according to Embodiment 12 of the present invention when viewed from the front side;
FIG. 17 is an enlarged side view showing a main part of a stone wood pallet according to Embodiment 12 of the present invention.
FIG. 18 is a bottom view showing a stone wood pallet according to Embodiment 12 of the present invention.
FIG. 19 is a rear view showing a stone pallet according to Embodiment 12 of the present invention.
FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing a main part of a stone wood pallet according to Embodiment 12 of the present invention when viewed from the back side.
[Explanation of symbols]
10: Seat part, 11, 11B: Flat part for seat part (wood frame material for seat part)
11S: Flat part for seat (wooden skeleton for left and right seats)
11C: Flat part for seat (wooden skeleton for central seat)
11a: connecting part for seat part, 12, 12C, 12D: board material (plate-like wood material)
12a: Notch recess
20: Back part, 21, 21A: Flat part for back part (wood frame for back part)
21a: Back connecting portion, 22, 22C, 22D: plate material (plate-like wood material)
30: Connection means, 31a, 31b, 231b: Connection plate (wood connection material)
31a1, 31b1, 231b1: Lower end surface
31a2, 31b2, 231b2: front end face
31b3, 231b3: rear end face
35, 35C, 35D: Reinforcement plate (wood material for reinforcement)
41: Block-like wood material (embedded block material)
51,251: Block-like wood (corner block)
225: Reinforced diagonal (wooden diagonal)

Claims (11)

石材を下方から支持するための座部と、石材を後方から支持するための背部と、前記座部及び背部を互いに連結する連結手段とを備え、
前記座部は、複数本の断面矩形状の長尺状をなす座部用木質骨格材を、前後方向に延びるよう、かつ、左右方向に離間するよう互いに平行に配置し、前記座部用木質骨格材の後端側の所定長さの部分を座部用連結部とすると共に、前記座部用木質骨格材の上端面に板状木質材を左右方向に延びるよう固着してなり、
前記背部は、断面矩形状の長尺状をなす背部用木質骨格材を、前記座部用木質骨格材の座部用連結部の各々に対して後方に傾斜した状態で上下方向に延びるよう互いに平行に配置し、前記背部用木質骨格材の下端側の所定長さの部分を背部用連結部とすると共に、前記背部用木質骨格材に板状木質材を左右方向に延びるよう固着してなり、
前記連結手段は、左右一対の板状の木質連結材を含み、前記左右一対の木質連結材により前記座部用連結部及び前記背部用連結部を左右両側から挟んだ状態で、前記木質連結材の下側部を前記座部用連結部に固着すると共に、前記木質連結材の上側部を前記背部用連結部に固着することにより、前記座部及び前記背部を互いに移動不能に連結固定してなることを特徴とする石材用木質パレット。A seat for supporting the stone from below, a back for supporting the stone from the back, and a connecting means for connecting the seat and the back to each other;
The seat portion is composed of a plurality of elongate rectangular sections of the cross section having a rectangular cross section, arranged in parallel to each other so as to extend in the front-rear direction and to be separated in the left-right direction. A portion of a predetermined length on the rear end side of the skeleton material is used as a connecting portion for the seat portion, and the plate-like wooden material is fixed to the upper end surface of the wooden skeleton material for the seat portion so as to extend in the left-right direction,
Each of the back portions extends in a vertical direction in a state in which the back wooden skeleton material having a long rectangular cross section is inclined rearward with respect to each of the seat connecting portions of the wooden skeleton material for the seat portion. It is arranged in parallel, and a portion with a predetermined length on the lower end side of the back wooden skeleton material is used as a back connecting portion, and a plate-like wooden material is fixed to the back wooden skeleton material so as to extend in the left-right direction. ,
The connecting means includes a pair of left and right plate-like wood connecting members, and the wood connecting member is sandwiched by the pair of left and right wood connecting members from the left and right sides. The lower side portion is fixed to the seat connecting portion, and the upper portion of the wood connecting member is fixed to the back connecting portion so that the seat portion and the back portion are immovably connected to each other. A wooden pallet for stone characterized by 前記背部を前記座部に対して後方に約３度〜１０度の角度範囲で傾斜させた状態で、前記木質連結材により前記座部及び前記背部を互いに移動不能に固定したことを特徴とする請求項１記載の石材用木質パレット。  The seat portion and the back portion are fixed to each other so as not to be movable by the wood connecting member in a state where the back portion is inclined backward with respect to the seat portion in an angle range of about 3 degrees to 10 degrees. The wooden pallet for stone according to claim 1. 前記木質連結材は、前記座部用木質骨格材の下側面と略同一方向に延びる下端面と、前記下端面に対して前記背部用木質骨格材の傾斜角度と略同一の傾斜角度で後方に傾斜する前端面とを有することを特徴とする請求項１または２記載の石材用木質パレット。  The wood connecting material is rearward at a lower end surface extending in substantially the same direction as a lower surface of the seat wooden skeleton material, and at an inclination angle substantially the same as the inclination angle of the back wooden skeleton material with respect to the lower end surface. The wooden pallet for stone according to claim 1, further comprising an inclined front end surface. 前記木質連結材の後部は、前記背部用木質骨格材の後側面から後方に突出し、
前記木質連結材のうち、前記座部の左右両端の木質連結材以外の木質連結材の後端面を、前記左右両端の木質連結材の後端面より前方の位置で略垂直方向に延びるよう形成し、長尺状をなす補強用木質材を前記左右両端の木質連結材間に配置すると共に、前記補強用木質材の前側面を前記左右両端の木質連結材以外の木質連結材の後端面に固着したことを特徴とする請求項１乃至３のいずれか１項記載の石材用木質パレット。The rear part of the wood connecting material protrudes rearward from the rear side surface of the wooden skeleton material for the back part,
The rear end surface of the wooden connecting material other than the wooden connecting material on both the left and right ends of the seat portion is formed to extend in a substantially vertical direction at a position in front of the rear end surface of the wooden connecting material on both the left and right ends. In addition, the reinforcing wood material having a long shape is disposed between the wood connecting materials on the left and right ends, and the front side surface of the reinforcing wood material is fixed to the rear end surface of the wood connecting material other than the wood connecting materials on the left and right ends. The wooden pallet for stone according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the wooden pallet is for stone. 前記各一対の木質連結材間の隙間に、対応する幅のブロック状木質材を挿入すると共に、前記ブロック状木質材の後端面が前記木質連結材の後端面と略面一となるよう前記ブロック状木質材を固着し、長尺状をなす補強用木質材を前記木質連結材の後端面に配置して前記ブロック状木質材の後端面に固着したことを特徴とする請求項１乃至３のいずれか１項記載の石材用木質パレット。  The block-shaped wood material having a corresponding width is inserted into the gap between each pair of wood connection materials, and the block-like wood material has a rear end surface substantially flush with a rear end surface of the wood connection material. 4. The wood material for fixing according to claim 1, wherein the wood material for reinforcement having a long shape is fixed on the rear end surface of the wood connection material and fixed to the rear end surface of the block-shaped wood material. The wooden pallet for stone according to any one of the above items. 前記座部用木質骨格材を前記座部の左右方向に等間隔で少なくとも３本配置し、中央の座部用木質骨格材の厚みを、左右の座部用木質骨格材の厚みより若干小さくして、前記座部に石材を積載しない通常状態では、前記左右の座部用木質骨格材が地面に接触すると共に前記中央の座部用木質骨格材の下側面が地面から上方に位置するようにし、石材を積載した積載状態では、石材の荷重により前記座部の左右中央が下方に弾性的に湾曲して、前記左右の座部用木質骨格材及び中央の座部用木質骨格材が全て地面に接触するようにしたことを特徴とする請求項１乃至５のいずれか１項記載の石材用木質パレット。  At least three wooden skeleton members for the seat are arranged at equal intervals in the left-right direction of the seat, and the thickness of the central wooden skeleton for the seat is slightly smaller than the thickness of the left and right wooden skeleton members. In a normal state in which no stone is loaded on the seat, the left and right seating wooden skeletons are in contact with the ground, and the lower side surface of the central seating wooden skeleton is positioned above the ground. In the loaded state in which stones are loaded, the left and right centers of the seats are elastically curved downward due to the load of the stones, and the left and right seat wooden frames and the center wooden frames are all on the ground. The wooden pallet for stone material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the wooden pallet for stone material is in contact with the pallet. 複数本の断面矩形状の長尺状をなす座部用木質骨格材を、前後方向に延びるよう、かつ、左右方向に離間するよう互いに平行に配置し、前記座部用木質骨格材の上端面に板状木質材を左右方向に延びるよう固着してなる座部と、
断面矩形状の長尺状をなす背部用木質骨格材を、前記座部用木質骨格材に対して後方に約３度〜１０度の角度範囲で傾斜した状態で上下方向に延びるよう、かつ、互いに平行となるよう配置して連結固着し、前記背部用木質骨格材に板状木質材を左右方向に延びるよう固着してなる背部と、
前記背部用木質骨格材を前記座部用木質骨格材に対して後方から支持するよう、前記背部用木質骨格材と前記座部用木質骨格材との間に固着された木質斜材とを具備することを特徴とする石材用木質パレット。A plurality of rectangular wooden skeleton members having a rectangular cross section are arranged in parallel to each other so as to extend in the front-rear direction and to be separated in the left-right direction, and the upper end surface of the wooden skeleton member for seats A seat formed by sticking a plate-like wood material to extend in the left-right direction;
The back wooden skeleton material having an elongated shape with a rectangular cross section extends in the up-down direction in a state where the back wooden skeleton material is inclined at an angle range of about 3 degrees to 10 degrees with respect to the seat wooden skeleton material, and A back part formed by being fixed so as to be parallel to each other, and being fixed so as to extend in the left-right direction to the wooden skeleton material for the back part,
A wood diagonal material fixed between the back wood frame material and the seat wood frame material so as to support the back wood frame material from behind with respect to the seat wood frame material; A wooden pallet for stone, characterized by 石材を下方から支持するための座部と、石材を後方から支持するための背部と、前記座部及び背部を互いに連結する連結手段とを備え、
前記座部は、複数本の断面矩形状の長尺状をなす座部用木質骨格材を、前後方向に延びるよう、かつ、左右方向に離間するよう互いに平行に配置し、前記座部用木質骨格材の後端側の所定長さの部分を座部用連結部とすると共に、前記座部用木質骨格材の上端面に板状木質材を左右方向に延びるよう固着してなり、
前記背部は、断面矩形状の長尺状をなす背部用木質骨格材を、前記座部用木質骨格材の座部用連結部の各々に対して後方に傾斜した状態で上下方向に延びるよう互いに平行に配置し、前記背部用木質骨格材の下端側の所定長さの部分を背部用連結部とすると共に、前記背部用木質骨格材に板状木質材を左右方向に延びるよう固着してなり、
前記連結手段は、左右一対の板状の木質連結材を含み、前記左右一対の木質連結材により前記座部用連結部及び前記背部用連結部を左右両側から挟んだ状態で、前記木質連結材の下側部を前記座部用連結部に固着すると共に、前記木質連結材の上側部を前記背部用連結部に固着することにより、前記座部及び前記背部を互いに移動不能に連結固定してなり、
前記連結手段は、更に、前記背部用木質骨格材を前記座部用木質骨格材に対して後方から支持するよう、前記背部用木質骨格材と前記座部用木質骨格材との間に固着された木質斜材を含むことを特徴とする石材用木質パレット。A seat for supporting the stone from below, a back for supporting the stone from the back, and a connecting means for connecting the seat and the back to each other;
The seat portion is composed of a plurality of elongate rectangular sections of the cross section having a rectangular cross section, arranged in parallel to each other so as to extend in the front-rear direction and to be separated in the left-right direction. A portion of a predetermined length on the rear end side of the skeleton material is used as a connecting portion for the seat portion, and the plate-like wooden material is fixed to the upper end surface of the wooden skeleton material for the seat portion so as to extend in the left-right direction,
Each of the back portions extends in a vertical direction in a state in which the back wooden skeleton material having a long rectangular cross section is inclined rearward with respect to each of the seat connecting portions of the wooden skeleton material for the seat portion. It is arranged in parallel, and a portion with a predetermined length on the lower end side of the back wooden skeleton material is used as a back connecting portion, and a plate-like wooden material is fixed to the back wooden skeleton material so as to extend in the left-right direction. ,
The connecting means includes a pair of left and right plate-like wood connecting members, and the wood connecting member is sandwiched from the left and right sides by the pair of left and right wood connecting members. The lower portion of the seat is fixed to the connecting portion for the seat portion, and the upper portion of the wood connecting member is fixed to the connecting portion for the back portion, so that the seat portion and the back portion are connected and fixed to each other so as not to move. Become
The connecting means is further fixed between the back wooden frame material and the sitting wooden frame material so as to support the back wooden frame material from the rear with respect to the sitting wooden frame material. A wooden pallet for stone, characterized by the inclusion of solid wood diagonal. 前記背部を前記座部に対して後方に約３度〜１０度の角度範囲で傾斜させた状態で、前記木質連結材により前記座部及び前記背部を互いに移動不能に固定し、かつ、前記木質斜材により前記背部用木質骨格材を前記座部用木質骨格材に対して後方から支持したことを特徴とする請求項８記載の石材用木質パレット。The seat and the back are fixed immovably to each other by the wood connecting material in a state where the back is inclined backward with respect to the seat in an angle range of about 3 to 10 degrees, and the wood 9. The wooden pallet for stone according to claim 8 , wherein the wooden skeleton material for the back portion is supported by a diagonal member from the rear side with respect to the wooden skeleton material for the seat portion. 前記木質連結材のうち、前記座部の左右両端の前記木質連結材の後部を、前記背部用木質骨格材の後側面から後方に突出させ、
前記木質連結材のうち、前記座部の左右両端の木質連結材以外の木質連結材を、前記背部用木質骨格材と同一幅の長方形板状とし、前記背部用木質骨格材の左右の側面に合致させた状態で、前記座部の左右両端の前記木質連結材と共に前記背部用木質骨格材を前記座部用木質骨格材に連結するようにし、
更に、長尺板状をなす補強用木質材を前記左右両端の木質連結材間に配置すると共に、前記補強用木質材の前側面を前記背部用木質骨格材及び前記左右両端の木質連結材以外の木質連結材の後端面に固着したことを特徴とする請求項８または９記載の石材用木質パレット。Of the wood connection material, the rear part of the wood connection material at the left and right ends of the seat portion is projected rearward from the rear side surface of the back wooden frame material,
Of the wooden connecting materials, the wooden connecting materials other than the wooden connecting materials on both the left and right sides of the seat are rectangular plates having the same width as the back wooden framework material, In the matched state, the wooden skeleton material for the back portion is connected to the wooden skeleton material for the seat portion together with the wooden connecting materials on the left and right ends of the seat portion,
Further, a reinforcing wooden material having a long plate shape is disposed between the left and right wooden connecting materials, and the front side surface of the reinforcing wooden material is other than the back wooden frame material and the left and right wooden connecting materials. The wooden pallet for stone according to claim 8 or 9 , wherein the wooden pallet is fixed to a rear end surface of the wooden connecting member. 前記木質連結材は、合板からなり、
前記木質斜材は、前記背部用木質骨格材の左右寸法の範囲内の厚みを有する板材からなり、前記座部用木質骨格材の上側面から前記背部用木質骨格材の後側面まで傾斜して延び、前記座部用木質骨格材に対して前記背部用木質骨格材を支持することを特徴とする請求項８または９記載の石材用木質パレット。The wood connecting material is made of plywood,
The wooden diagonal member is made of a plate material having a thickness within a range of right and left dimensions of the back wooden frame material, and is inclined from the upper side surface of the seat wooden frame material to the rear side surface of the back wooden frame material. 10. The stone wood pallet according to claim 8 , wherein the stone wood pallet extends and supports the back wood skeleton material with respect to the seat wood skeleton material.
JP2001389504A 2001-10-01 2001-12-21 Wooden pallet for stone Expired - Fee Related JP3870084B2 (en)

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