JP3868770B2 - Closing structure and closing method of tunnel lining structure using lining element - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a closing structure of a tunnel lining structure and a closing method, and more particularly, a closing portion between terminal lining elements when a tunnel is constructed below a railway line or a road using the lining elements. It relates to the structure and the closing method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As one method of constructing underground structures (tunnels) that cross three-dimensionally below railway tracks and roads, many long steel elements are inserted into the ground by pulling (or propelling) and lining is performed. HEP & JES (High Speed Element Pull & Jointed Element Structure) method is known.
[0003]
As shown in FIG. 1, this construction method includes a large number of elongate lining elements 2 and 3 arranged in parallel by traction or propulsion so as to divide the sky section in the tunnel in the ground below the track 1. After the construction of the lining structure 4 that inserts concrete into the element and lays concrete inside the element to divide the hollow section in the tunnel, excavation of the ground inside the lining structure 4 This is a construction method that uses 4 as a box-shaped ramen type or a circular underground structure.
[0004]
As a lining element used in such a construction method, a standard lining element having a square cross section and a general lining element having a U-shaped cross section that is successively arranged on the side thereof, and a joint between each element are used. Have already been proposed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 2000-120372 and 2000-179282).
[0005]
These reference lining elements and general part lining elements are both made of steel, and their structures are shown in FIGS. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the reference lining element 2 is formed into a quadrangular section by four plates 5, and a joint 6 having a substantially C-shaped section is provided along the longitudinal direction at each corner. Yes.
[0006]
Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the general part lining element 3 is formed in a U-shaped cross section by three plates 7 and 8, and the joint 6 and the open side end of each corner part and the plate 7 are formed. Joints 9 and 10 having the same shape are provided along the longitudinal direction. In constructing the lining structure 4, as shown in FIG. 1, first, the reference lining element 2 is inserted at the top of the natural ground, and then the general lining is applied to the natural ground on both sides of the reference lining element 2. Elements 3 and 3 are inserted.
[0007]
At that time, as shown in FIG. 4 only on one side, the general part lining element 3 is inserted into the ground while fitting the joint 10 on the open part side with the joint 6 of the reference lining element 2. Next, the following general part lining element 3 is inserted into the natural ground adjacent to the general part lining element 3 previously inserted into the natural ground. The work element 3 is inserted into the natural ground while fitting the joint 10 on the open part side thereof to the joint 9 on the corner part side of the preceding general part lining element. In this way, the general lining element 3 is sequentially inserted into the natural ground in the clockwise direction R1 and counterclockwise direction R2 (see FIG. 1) with respect to the tunnel axis from the reference lining element 2, and the lining structure 4 is formed. The
[0008]
By the way, when the general part lining element 3 is inserted into the natural ground in the clockwise direction and the counterclockwise direction as described above, a construction error is included in the dimension between the terminal lining elements 3a and 3b of these element groups. In general, the closing portion that closes the end lining elements 3a and 3b adopts a structure that absorbs construction errors.
[0009]
FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional closing method. FIG. 2A shows a state in which the general part lining element 3 is sequentially inserted clockwise and counterclockwise into the ground and the end lining elements 3a and 3b are inserted. In constructing the closing portion 50 shown in FIG. 2C, first, as shown in FIG. 2B, the upper and lower cover plates 51 and 52 for retaining the soil are formed so as to straddle between the terminal lining elements 3a and 3b. It inserts in a natural ground and excavates the natural ground between the terminal lining elements 3a and 3b while protecting the natural ground by the insertion. Thereby, a closed space 53 surrounded by the terminal lining elements 3a, 3b and the cover plates 51, 52 is formed, and the joints 9 of the terminal lining elements 3a, 3b are exposed.
[0010]
In order to connect between the joints 9 of the terminal lining elements 3a and 3b, a loop-shaped reinforcing bar rod (also referred to as an adjustment element) 54 shown in FIG. Joints 55 are integrally fixed to the upper and lower ends of the reinforcing bar 54, and the reinforcing bar 54 is placed in the closed space 54 while fitting the joints 55 to the joints 9 of the terminal lining elements 3a and 3b. Inserting. At that time, since the reinforcing bar 54 can be displaced vertically and horizontally, construction errors formed between the terminal lining elements 3a and 3b can be absorbed.
[0011]
However, in the above conventional closing method, since the joint 55 fixed to the reinforcing bar 54 is connected by a loop-shaped reinforcing bar, a crest occurs when the reinforcing bar 54 is inserted, and if the distance becomes longer, the workability becomes worse. Become. Further, since there is a gap between the joints 55 of the reinforcing bar 54 and the joints 9 of the terminal lining elements 3a and 3b fitted thereto, grout is injected into the gap. It must be made.
[0012]
Therefore, the length of the reinforcing bar 54 is limited to 1 m at most because of the problem of the burrs when inserting the reinforcing bar 54 and the necessity of grout injection. For this reason, in the conventional method, the insertion of the reinforcing bar 54 and the grout injection must be sequentially repeated by the construction length, and the construction efficiency is poor. In addition, after insertion of the reinforcing bar 54 corresponding to the construction length and grout injection are completed, concrete is placed in 53 surrounded by the cover plates 51 and 52 and the terminal lining elements 3a and 3b.
[0013]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made based on the technical background as described above, and achieves the following object.
The object of the present invention is to absorb the construction error that occurs between the enclosed lining elements while having the same structural strength as when using a conventional loop-shaped reinforcing bar rod, and further improve the construction efficiency. An object of the present invention is to provide a closing portion structure and a closing method capable of achieving the above.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention employs the following means in order to achieve the above object.
That is, the present invention is constructed by sequentially inserting a number of long covering elements having joints having a substantially C-shaped cross section along the longitudinal direction into a natural ground while fitting the joints between adjacent ones. The closed structure of the lining structure that divides the empty section in the tunnel,
Among the lining elements, a closing portion that closes between the two to-be-covered lining elements that are inserted into the ground facing each other,
A joint plate exposed in a closed space formed by excavation of natural ground between the to-be-covered lining elements, and having a joint fitted to the joint along the longitudinal direction;
A closed portion structure of a tunnel lining structure using a lining element comprising a plurality of tension members fixed and spaced apart in the longitudinal direction between the plate portions of the joint plates facing each other. is there.
[0015]
The said closing part is further provided with the cover plate for earth retaining inserted in the natural ground so that it might straddle between the said to-be-closed covering lining elements. The tension member includes a main body and tension means for tensioning the tension member.
[0016]
More specifically, the main body is made of a steel rod, and the tension means is a tension screw-type joint screwed to the steel rod. In this case, the steel bar is composed of two divided steel bars divided in the axial direction, and the tension threaded joint is screwed between opposing ends of the divided steel bars. it can. Or the said steel bar consists of one piece, The said thread type joint for tension | tensile_strength can also be set as the structure screwed by the edge part of the said steel bar.
[0017]
Furthermore, the present invention is constructed by inserting a number of elongate lining elements having joints having a substantially C-shaped cross section along the longitudinal direction into the natural ground sequentially while fitting the joints between adjacent ones. , A method for closing a lining structure that divides an empty section in a tunnel,
Among the lining elements, when closing between the two to-be-closed lining elements inserted in the ground facing each other,
After excavating the ground between the two encased lining elements, forming a closed space where the joints of these encased lining elements are exposed,
A joint plate having a joint similar to the joint along the longitudinal direction is fitted to each joint of the closed lining element,
A plurality of tension members are fixed at intervals in the longitudinal direction between the plate portions of the joint plates facing each other,
In the method for closing a tunnel lining structure using a lining element, the tension member is tensioned.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a closing method according to the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a closed state.
[0019]
The procedure up to the procedure shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B is the same as the conventional method described above. That is, after using the reference lining element 2 and the general part lining element 3 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 as the lining element, and inserting the reference lining element 2 in the upper part of the ground as shown in FIG. The general part lining element 3 is inserted while fitting the joints 6 and 10 into the grounds on both sides as shown in FIG. 4, and the joint of the general part lining element 3 previously inserted into the ground 9, inserting the general part lining element 3, followed by fitting the joint 10 into the ground, and sequentially inserting the general part lining element 3 in the clockwise direction R 1 and counterclockwise direction R 2 with respect to the tunnel axis, This is the same as in the prior art (FIG. 5A).
[0020]
Further, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), two closed lining elements inserted into the natural ground facing each other, that is, a terminal lining element 3a of a group of clockwise lining elements 3 and a counterclockwise rotation The upper and lower cover plates 21, 22 are inserted into the natural ground so as to straddle the terminal lining element 3b of the lining element 3 group, and the terminal lining element 3a is protected while the natural ground is protected by the insertion. , 3b is excavated from the ground, and the process of forming the closed space 23 where the joints 9 of the terminal lining elements 3a, 3b are exposed is the same as in the prior art.
[0021]
As shown in FIG. 5 (c), the closing portion 20 according to the present invention is a joint plate 24 a fitted into the cover plates 21 and 22 and the joints 9 in each of the upper and lower ends of the terminal lining elements 3 a and 3 b. , 24b and a plurality of tension members 25 fixed between the joint plates 24a, 24b.
[0022]
The joint plates 24a and 24b are formed by forming joints 26 along the longitudinal direction of a long plate portion 27. After forming the closed space 23, these joint plates 24a and 24b are inserted into the closed space 23 independently while fitting the joints 26 to the joints 9 of the terminal lining elements 3a and 3b. For this reason, there is no problem of sag as in the case of using a conventional reinforcing bar rod, and each joint plate 24a, 24b can be smoothly fitted.
[0023]
Then, after fitting the joint plates 24a and 24b, a plurality of tension members 25 are fixed between the plate portions 27 and 27 facing each other at intervals in the longitudinal direction, and the tension members 25 are tensioned. Thereby, the joint plates 24a and 24b are attracted to each other, and the horizontal error between the terminal lining elements 3a and 3b can be absorbed. On the other hand, the error in the vertical direction can be adjusted regardless of the tension, since there is originally a clearance that allows an angular displacement of several ten degrees in the fitting state of the joints 9 and 26.
[0024]
Further, since the tensile force is transmitted between the joint plates 24a and 24b and between the joint 26 and the joints 9 of the terminal lining elements 3a and 3b due to the tension of the tension member 25, the joint 26 and the joint 9 will be completely fitted firmly by metal touch. For this reason, it is not necessary to inject grout into the gap between the joint 26 and the joint 9. As described above, according to the present invention, there is no problem of sag as in the prior art, and no grout injection is required, so that the unit construction length of the joint plates 24 and 24b constituting the closing portion 20 can be increased. This can greatly improve the construction efficiency. In addition, after tension of the tension member 25, concrete is placed in the closed space 23 as in the prior art.
[0025]
7 to 10 are cross-sectional views illustrating details of the tension member. In the example shown in FIG. 7, the tension member 25 has two divided PC steel bars (or reinforcing bars) 30a and 30b divided in the axial direction as the main body, and each of the divided PC steel bars 30a and 30b as tension means. It consists of a threaded joint 31 for tension screwed between end portions and a threaded joint 32 for length adjustment screwed to each other end portion.
[0026]
The screw-type joint 31 is a joint having a tension function (and therefore a length function adjusting function is naturally provided), and an axial section thereof is shown in FIG. The tension threaded joint 31 includes a first sleeve 33 that is crimped to the outer periphery of the end of one divided PC steel rod 30a, a second sleeve 34 that is crimped to the outer periphery of the end of the other divided PC steel rod 30b, The first and second sleeves 33 and 34 are respectively provided with bolts 35 that are screwed together. At the center of the bolt 35, a nut 36 for rotating the bolt is fixed by a key or the like, and reverse screws 37a and 37b are formed on both sides sandwiching the nut 36.
[0027]
The bolt 35 is initially screwed into one of the first and second sleeves 33 and 34 (for example, the sleeve 33), and when the sleeves 33 and 34 are connected, the bolt 35 is rotated in one direction so that one of the sleeves is rotated. Extract the required length from 33. When the tip of the bolt 35 is abutted against the other sleeve 34 and the bolt 35 is rotated in the reverse direction in this state, the bolt 35 is screwed into the other sleeve 34. If the bolt 35 continues to rotate in the reverse direction, as shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B, the divided PC steel bars 30a and 30b are attracted to each other and become tense.
[0028]
The threaded joint 32 is a joint having only a length adjusting function, and its axial cross section is shown in FIG. The length-adjustable threaded joint 32 is screwed to the first sleeve 38, the second sleeve 39, and the first and second sleeves 38, 39 that are crimped to the outer circumferences of the other end portions of the divided steel bars 30a, 30b. Bolt 40 to be used. The two nuts 41 and 42 are locking nuts.
[0029]
The bolt 40 is initially screwed to the first sleeve 38 in a state where the nut 41 overlaps the nut 42 side, and the bolt 40 is rotated by rotating the nut 41 when the sleeves 38 and 39 are connected. Extract the required length from. And the front-end | tip of the volt | bolt 40 is faced | matched with the sleeve 39, the volt | bolt 40 is rotated in the same direction, and is screwed into the sleeve 39 by required length. Then, the nuts 41 and 42 are tightened to the sleeves 38 and 39 side to prevent loosening.
[0030]
In the case of the example shown in FIG. 7, the sleeve 39 of the adjustment screw type joint 32 is fixed in advance to the plate portion 27 of the joint plates 24a, 24b by welding or the like, and these joint plates 24a, 24b are connected to the terminal lining elements 3a, It is made to fit in each joint 9 of 3b. After the fitting, the other end portions of the divided steel bars 30a and 30b are fixed to the joint plates 24a and 24b by the adjusting screw joint 32, respectively. Then, the ends of the divided steel bars 30a and 30b are connected by the tension screw type joint 31, and the divided PC steel bars 30a and 30b are tensioned by rotating the bolt 35 shown in FIG. As a result, the joints 9 and 26 are tightened to form a metal touch.
[0031]
In the example shown in FIG. 8, the tension member 25 has one PC steel bar (or reinforcing bar) 30 as its main body, and a tension screw joint 31 screwed to the end of the PC steel bar 30 as tension means. , And a length adjusting threaded joint 32 screwed to the other end. Specifically, the first sleeve 33 of the threaded joint 31 for tension is crimped to the outer periphery of the end of the PC steel rod 30, and the first sleeve 38 of the threaded joint 32 for adjusting the length is crimped to the outer periphery of the other end. Has been.
[0032]
In this example, the adjustment screw type joint sleeve 39 is fixed to one of the joint plates 24a and 24b (in the illustrated example, the joint plate 24a) and the tension screw type joint 31 sleeve 34 is fixed to the other by welding or the like in advance. The joint plates 24a and 24b are fitted into the joints 9 of the terminal lining elements 3a and 3b, respectively. After the fitting, the other end of the PC steel bar 30 is fixed to the joint plate 24a by the length-adjusting threaded joint 32. Further, the end of the PC steel rod 30 is connected to the joint plate 24b by a tension screw joint 31. And the PC steel rod 30 is tensioned by rotating the bolt 35 of the threaded joint 31 for tension. As a result, the joints 9 and 26 are tightened to form a metal touch.
[0033]
In the example shown in FIG. 9, the tension member 25 is screwed between two divided PC steel bars (or rebars) 30a and 30b as main components and between the opposed end portions of the divided PC steel bars 30a and 30b as tension means. And a threaded joint 43 for tension. As shown in FIG. 11 (b), the tension-type screw joint 31 described above has an effect of preventing the bolt 35 from loosening unless the bolt 35 is rotated until the first and second sleeves 33 and 34 come into contact with the nut 36. Does not occur. For this reason, it is necessary to use the threaded joint 32 for length adjustment in combination with the threaded joint 31 for tension.
[0034]
On the other hand, the threaded joint 43 for tension used in the example shown in FIG. 9 does not require the threaded joint 32 for adjustment. That is, as shown in an axial cross section in FIG. 13, the locking nuts 44a and 44b are screwed onto the reverse screws 37a and 37b formed on the bolt 35. Other configurations are the same as those of the tension screw joint 31 described above. The ends of the divided PC steel bars 30a and 30b are pressure-bonded to the first and second sleeves 33 and 34 of the tensioning screw joint 43, respectively.
[0035]
In this example, the other end portions of the divided PC steel bars 30a and 30b are fixed in advance to the joint plates 24a and 24b by welding or the like, and the joint plates 24a and 24b are connected to the joints of the terminal lining elements 3a and 3b. 9 is fitted. After the fitting, the ends of the divided PC steel bars 30a and 30b are connected by a tension screw joint 43 and the bolt 35 is rotated to tension the divided PC steel bars 30a and 30b. As a result, the joints 9 and 26 are tightened to form a metal touch. After the tension, the locking nuts 44a and 44b are tightened to the sleeves 33 and 34 side.
[0036]
In the example shown in FIG. 10, the tension member 25 has a single PC steel bar (or rebar) 30 as its main body, and a tension screw-type joint 43 screwed to the end of the PC steel bar 30 as tension means. , And two sleeves 45 and 46 attached to the other end. Specifically, the first sleeve 33 of the threaded joint 43 for tension is crimped to the outer periphery of the end portion of the PC steel rod 30, and the sleeve 46 is crimped to the outer periphery of the other end portion. As shown in FIG. 14, the sleeve 45 is fixed to the plate 27 of the joint plate 24a by welding or the like, and the PC steel rod 30 is simply inserted through the sleeve 45 (FIG. 14 (a)). Accordingly, the PC steel rod 30 is prevented from moving to the left in the axial direction by the engagement of the sleeves 45 and 46 in the drawing, but can be moved to the right in the axial direction by a predetermined length, and the length is adjusted. It is possible.
[0037]
In the case of this example, the PC steel rod 30 is previously attached to one of the joint plates 24a, 24b (the joint plate 24a in the illustrated example) via the sleeves 45, 46. The second sleeve 34 of the tension screw joint 43 is fixed to the other of the joint plates 24a and 24b (joint plate 24b in the illustrated example) by welding or the like, and these joint plates 24a and 24b are connected to the terminal lining element. Each of the joints 3a and 3b is fitted. After the fitting, the end of the PC steel rod is connected to the tension screw joint 43 and the bolt 35 is rotated to tension the PC steel rod 30. As a result, the joints 9 and 26 are tightened to form a metal touch.
[0038]
The above embodiment is merely an example, and various modifications can be made to the present invention. For example, in the above embodiment, a threaded joint is used as the tensioning means, but the present invention is not limited to this, and other mechanical joints may be used. Moreover, although the covering structure body of a rectangular cross section is shown in the said embodiment, this invention is applicable also when constructing the covering structure body of a circular cross section not only in this.
[0039]
Furthermore, with respect to one lining structure, the number of closing portions may be plural, and such a case is also included in the present invention. For example, FIG. 15 shows an example in which the closing portion 20 is provided at two places in the lining structure 4 having a rectangular cross section having the inner wall 100. FIG. 16 shows an example in which a plurality of reference lining elements 2 are inserted into a natural ground and the closing portions 20 are provided in three places in the lining structure 4 having a circular cross section. In FIGS. 15 and 16, the arrows indicate the insertion order direction of the general part lining element 3 after the reference lining element 2 is inserted into the ground.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to absorb construction errors that occur between the covered lining elements while having the same structural strength as when using a conventional loop-shaped reinforcing bar rod, Can improve the construction efficiency.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view showing an entire lining structure.
FIG. 2 is a front view showing an example of a lining element to be used.
FIG. 3 is a front view showing an example of a lining element to be used.
FIG. 4 is a view showing lining elements connected by fitting of joints.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a closing method according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a closed state.
FIG. 7 is a view showing an example of a tension member.
FIG. 8 is a view showing another example of a tension member.
FIG. 9 is a view showing another example of a tension member.
FIG. 10 is a view showing another example of a tension member.
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a threaded joint for tension.
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a screw joint for length adjustment.
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of a threaded joint for tension.
14 is a cross-sectional view showing a sleeve applied to the tension member shown in FIG.
FIG. 15 is a view showing an example of a lining structure having a rectangular cross section provided with a plurality of closing portions.
FIG. 16 is a view showing an example of a circular cross-section lining structure provided with a plurality of closing portions.
FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a conventional closing method.
[Explanation of symbols]
2: reference lining element 3: general part lining element 3a: terminal lining element 3b: terminal lining element 4: lining structure 9: joint 10: joint 20: closing part 21: cover plate 23: closed space 24a : Joint plate 24b: Joint plate 25: Tensile member 26: Joint 27: Plate part 30a: Divided steel bar 30b: Divided steel bar 30: Steel bar 31: Threaded joint for tension 32: Threaded joint for adjustment 33: First Sleeve 34: Second sleeve 35: Bolt 38: First sleeve 39: Second sleeve 40: Bolt 41, 42: Locking nut 43: Threaded joint for tension

Claims (7)

A large number of long lining elements having joints having a substantially C-shaped cross section along the longitudinal direction are sequentially inserted into the ground while fitting the joints between adjacent ones, and an empty section in the tunnel is formed. It is a closed part structure of the lining structure to divide,
Among the lining elements, a closing portion that closes between the two to-be-covered lining elements that are inserted into the ground facing each other,
A joint plate that is exposed in a closed space formed by excavation of natural ground between the both enclosed lining elements, and has a joint that is fitted to the joint along the longitudinal direction;
A closed portion structure of a tunnel lining structure using a lining element comprising a plurality of tension members fixed and tensioned between plate portions of the joint plates facing each other in the longitudinal direction. The closure of a tunnel lining structure using a lining element according to claim 1, further comprising a cover plate for earth retaining so as to straddle between the two covering lining elements. Part structure. The closing structure of a tunnel lining structure using a lining element according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the tension member comprises a main body and tension means for tensioning the tension member. 4. The tunnel lining using a lining element according to claim 1, wherein said main body is made of a steel bar, and said tension means is a tension type screw joint screwed to said steel bar. Closed structure of the structure. The steel bar is composed of two divided steel bars divided in the axial direction,
The closed structure of a tunnel lining structure using a lining element according to claim 4, wherein the threaded joint for tension is screwed between opposing ends of the divided steel bar. The steel bar consists of one piece,
The closed structure of a tunnel lining structure using a lining element according to claim 4, wherein the threaded joint for tension is screwed to an end portion of the steel rod. A large number of long lining elements having joints having a substantially C-shaped cross section along the longitudinal direction are sequentially inserted into the ground while fitting the joints between adjacent ones, and an empty section in the tunnel is formed. A method for closing a lining structure to be partitioned,
Among the lining elements, when closing between the two to-be-closed lining elements inserted in the ground facing each other,
After excavating the ground between the two encased lining elements, forming a closed space where the joints of these encased lining elements are exposed,
A joint plate having a joint similar to the joint along the longitudinal direction is fitted to each joint of the closed lining element,
A plurality of tension members are fixed at intervals in the longitudinal direction between the plate portions of the joint plates facing each other,
A method for closing a tunnel lining structure using a lining element, wherein the tension member is tensioned.

Images