JP3868123B2 - fertilizer - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP3868123B2
JP3868123B2 JP23689598A JP23689598A JP3868123B2 JP 3868123 B2 JP3868123 B2 JP 3868123B2 JP 23689598 A JP23689598 A JP 23689598A JP 23689598 A JP23689598 A JP 23689598A JP 3868123 B2 JP3868123 B2 JP 3868123B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
fertilizer
nitrogen
lime
soil
effect
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JP23689598A
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JP2000072585A (en
Inventor
洋一郎 古川
普志 坂下
隆仁 増田
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Denka Co Ltd
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Denki Kagaku Kogyo KK
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05CNITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C7/00Fertilisers containing calcium or other cyanamides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G1/00Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different subclasses of C05

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、石灰窒素を含有する肥料に関する。
【0002】
石灰窒素は、緩効性肥効と農薬効果を有することから、長年にわたって緩効性肥料として賞用されている。しかし、石灰窒素の緩効性肥効は土壌の影響を受けやすく、またその農薬効果は施用後1〜2日以内に発現し、1週間前後までは持続するが、それ以降は消失するので、土壌等の影響を受けずに、肥効期間と農薬効果を調整することができる肥料の出現が待たれていた。
【0003】
【従来の技術】
従来、肥料に緩効性を付与するには、肥料造粒物の表面に樹脂等を被覆することが知られている(特公昭60−3040号公報、特公昭60−21952号公報、特公平2−23515号公報参照)が、これらの対象物はいずれも尿素、硫安、硝安、塩化カリ等であり、石灰窒素に関するものではない。石灰窒素については、その風化防止のために、その粒状物表面に硫黄を被覆することが知られているだけである(特公昭40−22896号公報)。
【0004】
硫黄で被覆された粒状石灰窒素肥料は、むしろ溶出を抑制しないように配慮して製造されているので、土壌が異なった場合、肥効を保持しつつ緩効性と農薬効果を調整することが困難である。そこで、今日、熱可塑性樹脂やゴム重合体等の被覆材による被覆が検討されている。
【0005】
しかし、被覆材で被覆された石灰窒素は、石灰窒素のカルシウムシアナミド成分が加水分解するに際し、水と接触する部分の表面積を実質的に低下させることを目的としているが、加水分解が一旦開始されると、その効果が失われてしまい、石灰窒素本来の肥効を保持しながら、緩効性と農薬効果を調整することは困難であった。このような現象は、特に膠質土壌を多く含んだ土壌の場合に顕著であった。
【0006】
一方、仮に長期にわたり石灰窒素の緩効作用が達成されたとしても、作物によっては発芽からの生育初期に、アンモニア態や硝酸態などの吸収可能な窒素分を必要とする期間があり、必ずしも長期にわたる緩効作用が継続する窒素肥料だけでは、生育初期に吸収されやすい窒素分を供給できるとは限らず、窒素肥料として必ずしも万能ではない場合がある。
【0007】
更に、作物生育の初期から生育完了まで、一定した作物吸収性の良好な窒素分を供給できたとしても、窒素以外の肥料の3要素であるリン酸分やカリウム分を供給できるわけではなく、別途、リン酸肥料やカリ肥料の施肥を必要とする場合もあり、この様な場合、必ずしも農作業の負担が軽減される状態にはない。
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、上記に鑑みてなされたものであり、異なった土壌であっても緩効性肥効と農薬効果とを有していること、用途に合わせた速効性を備えていること、作物吸収性の良好な窒素分を供給でき、併せて窒素以外の肥料の3要素であるリン酸分やカリウム分を供給できること、農業従事者の農作業における負担軽減ができること、施用時の粉塵発生を防止できること、を備えた肥料を提供することである。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、グルコン酸又はその塩を含有した石灰窒素と、リン酸肥料、カリ肥料及び窒素肥料から選ばれた少なくとも1種の肥料成分とを含む造粒物に、シランカップリング剤からなる撥水性物質を付着させてなる肥料である。
0010
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の肥料は、グルコン酸又はその塩を含有した石灰窒素を含んでいる。本発明で使用される石灰窒素は、特別なものである必要はなく、一般に入手可能なものであれば十分である。石灰窒素は、カルシウムシアナミド(CaCN)を主成分とし、生石灰(CaO)、消石灰(Ca(OH))、炭素(C)等の副成分が含まれ、さまざまな組成のものが知られているが、本発明においては、いずれのものでも使用することができる。石灰窒素は、緩効性肥効と農薬効果の発現に寄与する。
0011
このような石灰窒素の加水分解速度を抑制し、緩効性の窒素肥効と農薬効果が長期に渡って発揮させるため、石灰窒素はグルコン酸又はその塩を含有している。グルコン酸又はその塩としては、グルコン酸、グルコン酸のナトリウム、カリウム、マグネシウム等の塩が使用される。グルコン酸又はその塩の割合は、石灰窒素100重量部に対し、1〜20重量部が好ましい。1重量部未満では、石灰窒素の加水分解速度の遅延効果が不十分なことがあり、20重量部をこえると、本発明の肥料の石灰窒素成分が低下し肥効と農薬効果が不充分となる場合がある。
0012
また、本発明の肥料は、窒素肥料、リン酸肥料及びカリ肥料から選ばれた少なくとも1種の肥料成分を含んでいる。これらの肥料成分はその種類と配合量を調整することで、速効性の窒素肥効、リン肥効、カリ肥効を制御して得ることができ、農業従事者の軽労化になる。リン酸肥料としては、溶成燐肥、過燐酸カルシウム、加工リン酸肥料などを使用することができ、またカリ肥料としては、塩化カリウム、硫酸カリウム、珪酸カリウムを使用することができる。リン酸肥料、カリ肥料の配合割合は、全く任意であるが、その一例をあげれば、グルコン酸又はその塩を含有した石灰窒素100重量部に対し、それぞれ10〜800重量部であるが、好ましくは30〜300重量部である。
0013
もう一方の肥料成分である窒素肥料は、石灰窒素よりも早い時期に窒素肥効を発現するものであり、その具体例をあげれば、尿素、硫安(硫酸アンモニウム)、硝酸ナトリウム、硝酸カルシウム、硝酸アンモニウムなどのアンモニウム塩や硝酸塩等であり、更にはグルコン酸又はその塩を含有していない石灰窒素も用いることができる。このような窒素肥料を共存させることによって、施肥直後から数ヶ月にも及ぶ長期にわたり、植物に吸収しやすい形態の窒素分を継続して供給することが可能となる。従って、この様な窒素肥料は元肥として使用することもできるし、追肥が不要あるいは追肥回数を低減できる窒素肥料として使用することができ、農作業の負担軽減、結果として施肥総量の低減化を図ることができる。
0014
窒素肥料の使用量は、グルコン酸又はその塩を含有した石灰窒素100重量部に対し、3〜900重量部程度が好ましい。3重量部未満では、窒素速効性が不足し、植物に吸収しやすい形態の窒素分を施肥直後から供給することができないことがあるし、900重量部をこえると、石灰窒素量が相対的に少量となるために、遅効性窒素肥効が不足する場合がある。好ましい範囲は、30〜300重量部である。
0015
これらの肥料成分は複合し、グルコン酸又はその塩を含有した石灰窒素に配合することで、窒素、リン、及びカリ成分を含む多成分複合型の肥料とすることもできる。グルコン酸又はその塩を含有した石灰窒素と肥料成分の混合は、従来公知のミキサー、V型ブレンダー等の混合機、或いはミル等の混合作用を有する機器を用い、まず石灰窒素とグルコン酸又はその塩を混合してから、肥料成分を混合することによって容易に行うことができる。
0016
本発明の肥料は、施肥時の粉塵発生等のない取り扱い性に優れたものとするため、造粒されている。その平均粒径は1〜10mm程度である。造粒はバインダーを用いて行われる。バインダーとしては、有機溶剤を用いることもできるが、水が好ましい。水をバインダーとすることによって、粒の硬さ、強度に優れたものとなる。また、石灰窒素中に生石灰が多量に含まれている場合には、生石灰が水和する際の多量の発熱によって、造粒物が粉化し崩壊してしまうことがあるが、あらかじめ水を石灰窒素に少量混合し、石灰窒素中の生石灰の一部又は全部を消和しておくことでこの現象を防止することができる。
0017
このような造粒物によれば、施肥時の粉塵発生等がなく、緩効性肥効と農薬効果を有する多成分複合型肥料となるが、効果の発現は土壌の種類によって異なり、膠質土壌を多く含む土壌の場合にはその効果が十分でないことがある。そこで、本発明では、シランカップリング剤からなる撥水性物質を造粒物に付着させる。その方法は、撥水性物質を造粒物に、直接付着させる、含浸させて付着させる、液体を乳化させて付着させる等の手段を採用することができるが、造粒物に撥水性物質を混合、吹き付け、浸漬等の操作によって添加し、パン型造粒機等を用いて転動造粒することが好ましい。これによって、撥水性物質で被覆された肥料組成物が製造でき、土壌の種類により石灰窒素の加水分解速度が影響を受けることが一層防止できるので、肥効と薬効とを制御性良く調節できるという利点がある。
0018
シランカップリング剤からなる撥水性物質を例示すれば、γ−グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、β−(3,4エポキシシクロヘキシル)エチルトリメトキシシラン、γ−グリシドキシプロピルメチルジエトキシシラン、(3−グリシドキシプロピル)メチルジエトキシシラン、N−β−(アミノエチル)γ−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、γ−アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、N−フェニル−γ−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシランなどである。
0019
シランカップリング剤からなる撥水性物質の使用量は、石灰窒素100重量部に対し、0.5〜20重量部、好ましくは1〜10重量部である。0.5重量部未満では、膠質土壌を多く含む土壌においては、石灰窒素の加水分解速度を抑制する効果が小さく、また20重量部をこえると、本発明の肥料の石灰窒素成分が少なくなり遅効性肥効と農薬効果が損なわれる場合がある。
0020
【実施例】
以下、実施例、比較例に基づき、本発明を更に詳細に説明する。
0021
〔実施例1〕
あらかじめ消和した粉状の石灰窒素(電気化学工業社製;粒径0.1mm以下)100重量部に、グルコン酸ナトリウムを5重量部加え、更に水20重量部を加えて混合した後、硝酸アンモニウムを58重量部加え、再び混合した。その後、押し出し成形機により直径約3mm、長さ約3mmのペレット状とした。このペレットを110℃で乾燥してから、液状の撥水性物質、γ−グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン液に浸漬し、本発明の肥料を製造した。なお、γ−グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシランの付着量は、液への浸漬回数で調整し、最終的に窒素肥料100重量部に対し、5重量部とした。
0022
得られた肥料(造粒物)150mgについて、以下に示す加水分解性評価試験を中粗粒褐色低地土を用いて、加水分解を行わしめ、植物が吸収できる窒素形態であるアンモニアと硝酸の濃度変化を測定した。この結果を表1に示した。
0023
(加水分解性評価試験)
50mlの円筒スチロール棒瓶容器に土壌60gを量り、前記土壌の中央部に、試験する肥料を、約150〜175mgを埋め、試験体とする。前記試験体は、試験期間や繰り返し分析を考慮し、合計12〜14個用意する。含水率が最大容水量の60%(土壌中の空隙量の全量を100%とする)となるように土壌の上から水を噴霧してから、水分の蒸発を防ぐためにアルミホイルで密栓しない程度に蓋をし、20℃の恒温槽内に静置する。試験期間中は、前記含水率が60%を保つようにした。
0024
(硝酸態窒素濃度測定方法)
前記試験体について、所定の期間経過後に、土壌と肥料の混合物をシャーレに移し、均一に混合、すり潰した後、500mlの分液ロートに移し、2%酢酸溶液300mlを加え1時間振り混ぜることで硝酸を抽出する。次に、酢酸溶出液を10倍希釈し、イオンクロマトグラフィー分析装置(Dionex AQ,カラムAS12A、溶離液(2.7mM炭酸ナトリウムと0.3mMの炭酸水素ナトリウムの混合溶液))で硝酸イオンを分離し、そのピーク強度を測定し、予め作成しておいた検量線より濃度を算出し、硝酸態窒素濃度を求める。尚、土壌ブランク値を差し引いて値を補正する。
0025
(アンモニア態窒素濃度測定試験方法)
前記試験体について、所定の期間経過後に、土壌と肥料の混合物をシャーレに移し、均一に混合、すり潰した後、500mlの分液ロートに移し、1M塩化カリウム水溶液300mlを加え1時間振り混ぜアンモニアを溶出する。次に、塩化カリウム溶出液をケルダール水蒸気蒸留装置により蒸留し、流出したアンモニウムイオンをイオンクロマトグラフィー分析装置(Dionex 2010i−3、カラムCS3、溶離液(0.2mM 2,3ジアノプロピオン酸−塩酸塩と10mM塩酸の混合溶液))でアンモニウムイオンを分離し、そのピーク強度を測定し、予め作成しておいた検量線より濃度を算出し、アンモニア態窒素濃度を求める。尚、土壌ブランク値を差し引いて値を補正する。
0026
【表1】

Figure 0003868123
0027
〔比較例1〕
グルコン酸ナトリウムを含有していない石灰窒素を170mgを用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同一の操作、評価を行った。この結果を表2に示した。
0028
【表2】
Figure 0003868123
0029
本発明の硝酸イオンの経時変化は生成後に蓄積していく状態となっている点で、実際の圃場で得られる結果とは異なる。然るに、長期肥効の継続性を評価する場合、降雨などの自然現象による硝酸イオンの流亡や植物の吸収による硝酸イオンやアンモニアイオンの減少を実験系に取り入れることが望ましいが、データのバラツキなどの影響が大きく、その再現性が乏しいという問題があるからである。しかし、本発明の実施例、比較例において、硝酸態窒素やアンモニウム態窒素の経時的消長を見れば、本発明の効果を十分に理解することができる。
0030
【発明の効果】
本発明の肥料は、緩効性窒素肥効と薬効を有し、更に、窒素、カリ、或いはリン酸の速効性をも備えているという特徴があり、前記効果は、膠質土壌を多く含む土壌であっても十分に発現され、追肥を減少させることができることから農業従事者の労務軽減に有効である。
0031
本発明の肥料は、石灰窒素を含有することから、従来から知られている肥料(追肥、元肥)以外の石灰窒素の用途、例えば、農薬、脱臭剤、腐熟促進剤、土壌改良剤等としても使用することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fertilizer containing lime nitrogen.
[0002]
Lime nitrogen has been used as a slow-acting fertilizer for many years because it has a slow-acting fertilizer and a pesticide effect. However, the slow-release fertilization effect of lime nitrogen is easily affected by the soil, and its pesticide effect is manifested within 1-2 days after application and lasts until around 1 week, but disappears after that, The emergence of fertilizers that can adjust the fertilization period and pesticide effect without being affected by soil or the like has been awaited.
[0003]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in order to impart slow release to fertilizers, it is known to coat the surface of the fertilizer granules with resin or the like (Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 60-3040, Japanese Examined Publication No. 60-21952, Japanese Patent Publication No. Hokuhei). However, these objects are all urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, potassium chloride, etc., and are not related to lime nitrogen. As for lime nitrogen, it is only known that the surface of the granular material is covered with sulfur in order to prevent weathering (Japanese Patent Publication No. 40-22896).
[0004]
Sulfur-coated granular lime nitrogen fertilizer is manufactured with consideration not to suppress elution, so if the soil is different, it can adjust the slow and agrochemical effects while maintaining the fertilization effect. Have difficulty. Therefore, coating with a coating material such as a thermoplastic resin or a rubber polymer has been studied today.
[0005]
However, lime nitrogen coated with a coating material is intended to substantially reduce the surface area of the portion in contact with water when the calcium cyanamide component of lime nitrogen is hydrolyzed. Then, the effect was lost, and it was difficult to adjust the slow release and the agricultural chemical effect while maintaining the original fertilization effect of lime nitrogen. Such a phenomenon was remarkable particularly in the case of soil containing a large amount of colloidal soil.
[0006]
On the other hand, even if the slow action of lime nitrogen is achieved over a long period of time, depending on the crop, there is a period that requires an absorbable nitrogen content such as ammonia or nitrate at the early stage of growth from germination, which is not necessarily long-term. Nitrogen fertilizers that continue to have a slow-release effect may not always supply nitrogen that is easily absorbed in the early stages of growth, and may not necessarily be a versatile nitrogen fertilizer.
[0007]
Furthermore, even if it is possible to supply a constant nitrogen-absorbing nitrogen content from the beginning of crop growth to the completion of growth, it does not mean that it can supply the phosphoric acid content and potassium content that are the three elements of fertilizers other than nitrogen, Separately, it may be necessary to apply phosphate fertilizer or potash fertilizer. In such a case, the burden of farm work is not necessarily reduced.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of the above, this which includes a call have different soil and was also slow-release fertilizer efficiency and the pesticide effect, the combined immediate to APPLICATIONS If, this which can be supplied a good nitrogen content of the crop absorbing, that you can supply a phosphoric acid content and potassium content is the three elements of fertilizer other than nitrogen in combination, is to reduce the burden in the farming of agricultural workers can If, to provide a fertilizer having a, that you can prevent the dust generation during a facilities.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to a water repellent comprising a silane coupling agent in a granulated product containing lime nitrogen containing gluconic acid or a salt thereof and at least one fertilizer component selected from phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer. Fertilizer made by adhering substances.
[ 0010 ]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The fertilizer of the present invention contains lime nitrogen containing gluconic acid or a salt thereof. The lime nitrogen used in the present invention does not need to be special, and it is sufficient if it is generally available. Lime nitrogen is mainly composed of calcium cyanamide (CaCN 2 ), and contains subcomponents such as quick lime (CaO), slaked lime (Ca (OH) 2 ), and carbon (C), and various compositions are known. However, any one of them can be used in the present invention. Lime nitrogen contributes to the development of slow-acting fertilizer and pesticide effects.
[ 0011 ]
Lime nitrogen contains gluconic acid or a salt thereof in order to suppress such a hydrolysis rate of lime nitrogen and to exert a slow-release nitrogen fertilization effect and agricultural chemical effect over a long period of time . As gluconic acid or a salt thereof, a salt of gluconic acid , sodium gluconate , potassium, magnesium or the like is used. As for the ratio of gluconic acid or its salt , 1-20 weight part is preferable with respect to 100 weight part of lime nitrogen. If the amount is less than 1 part by weight, the effect of delaying the hydrolysis rate of lime nitrogen may be insufficient. If the amount exceeds 20 parts by weight, the lime nitrogen component of the fertilizer of the present invention will be reduced and the fertilization effect and agricultural chemical effect will be insufficient. There is a case.
[ 0012 ]
Moreover, the fertilizer of this invention contains the at least 1 sort (s) of fertilizer component chosen from the nitrogen fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer, and the potash fertilizer. These fertilizer components by adjusting the type and amount, fast-acting nitrogen Koeko, Ki out that phosphorus Koeko, obtained by controlling the potassium Koeko, the light Roka agricultural workers . The-phosphate fertilizers, soluble component - phosphate, superphosphate calcium, can be used and processing phosphate fertilizer, and as the potassic, potassium chloride, Ru can be used potassium sulfate, potassium silicate. -Phosphate fertilizer, mixing ratio of potash fertilizer is a completely arbitrary, As an example thereof, with respect to 100 parts by weight of lime nitrogen containing gluconic acid or its salts, respectively 10 to 800 parts by weight, preferably Is 30 to 300 parts by weight.
[ 0013 ]
Which is another fertilizer components nitrogen fertilizer is to express the nitrogen Koeko early than lime nitrogen, to name a specific example, urea, ammonium sulfate (ammonium sulfate), sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate, ammonium nitrate Lithium nitrogen not containing gluconic acid or a salt thereof can also be used . By coexisting such a nitrogen fertilizer, it becomes possible to continuously supply a nitrogen content in a form that is easily absorbed by plants over a long period of time from just after fertilization to several months . Therefore, such a nitrogen fertilizer can be used as a source fertilizer, or it can be used as a nitrogen fertilizer that does not require additional fertilization or can reduce the number of additional fertilization, thereby reducing the burden of farm work and consequently reducing the total amount of fertilization Can do.
[ 0014 ]
The amount of nitrogen fertilizer used is preferably about 3 to 900 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of lime nitrogen containing gluconic acid or a salt thereof. If it is less than 3 parts by weight, the nitrogen fast-acting ability is insufficient, and it may not be possible to supply a nitrogen component that is easily absorbed by plants immediately after fertilization, and if it exceeds 900 parts by weight, the amount of lime nitrogen is relatively Due to the small amount, slow-acting nitrogen fertilizer may be insufficient. A preferred range is 30 to 300 parts by weight.
[ 0015 ]
These fertilizer components are compounded and blended with lime nitrogen containing gluconic acid or a salt thereof, whereby a multi-component compound fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potash components can be obtained. Mixing of gluconic acid or lime nitrogen fertilizer component containing a salt thereof, a known mixer, V-type blender mixer or the like, or using a device having a mixing action such as mill, first lime nitrogen and gluconic acid or its This can be done easily by mixing the salt and then mixing the fertilizer ingredients .
[ 0016 ]
The fertilizer of the present invention is granulated in order to have excellent handleability without generation of dust during fertilization . The average particle size is about 1 to 10 mm . Granulation is performed using a binder . The binder may be used organic solvents, water is preferred. By using water as a binder, the hardness and strength of the grains are excellent. In addition, when lime nitrogen contains a large amount of quicklime, the granulated product may be pulverized and disintegrated due to a large amount of heat generated when the quicklime is hydrated. It is possible to prevent this phenomenon by mixing a small amount of lime and partially or all of the quicklime in the lime nitrogen.
[ 0017 ]
According to such a granulated product, there is no dust generation at the time of fertilization, and it becomes a multi-component composite fertilizer having a slow-release fertilizer effect and a pesticide effect, but the manifestation of the effect varies depending on the type of soil, In the case of soil containing a large amount of water, the effect may not be sufficient. Therefore, in the present invention, a water repellent material composed of a silane coupling agent is attached to the granulated product. For the method, it is possible to adopt means such as adhering the water-repellent substance directly to the granulated material , impregnating and adhering it, emulsifying the liquid, and adhering the water-repellent substance to the granulated material. It is preferable to add them by operations such as spraying and dipping, and roll granulation using a bread granulator or the like. As a result, a fertilizer composition coated with a water-repellent substance can be produced, and the rate of hydrolysis of lime nitrogen can be further prevented from being affected by the type of soil, so that fertilization and medicinal effects can be adjusted with good controllability. There are advantages.
[ 0018 ]
Examples of water-repellent substances composed of silane coupling agents include γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, β- (3,4 epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltrimethoxysilane, γ-glycidoxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane, ( 3-glycidoxypropyl) methyldiethoxysilane, N-β- (aminoethyl) γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N-phenyl-γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane , and the like. .
[ 0019 ]
The usage-amount of the water-repellent substance which consists of a silane coupling agent is 0.5-20 weight part with respect to 100 weight part of lime nitrogen, Preferably it is 1-10 weight part. If the amount is less than 0.5 part by weight, the effect of suppressing the hydrolysis rate of lime nitrogen is small in soil containing a large amount of colloidal soil, and if the amount exceeds 20 parts by weight, the lime nitrogen component of the fertilizer of the present invention is reduced and the effect is delayed. Fertilizer effect and pesticide effect may be impaired.
[ 0020 ]
【Example】
Hereinafter, based on an Example and a comparative example, this invention is demonstrated still in detail.
[ 0021 ]
[Example 1]
After adding 5 parts by weight of sodium gluconate to 20 parts by weight of water and mixing with 100 parts by weight of powdered lime nitrogen (made by Denki Kagaku Kogyo; particle size of 0.1 mm or less) previously mixed, ammonium nitrate Was added and mixed again. Then, it was made into a pellet shape having a diameter of about 3 mm and a length of about 3 mm by an extrusion molding machine . This pellet after drying at 110 ° C., liquid repellent material, immersed in γ- glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane solution was prepared fertilizer of the present invention. In addition, the adhesion amount of (gamma) -glycidoxypropyl trimethoxysilane was adjusted with the frequency | count of immersion in a liquid, and was 5 weight part with respect to 100 weight part of nitrogen fertilizers finally.
[ 0022 ]
About 150 mg of the obtained fertilizer (granulated product) , the following hydrolyzability evaluation test was carried out using medium coarse brown low earth soil, and the concentrations of ammonia and nitric acid, which are nitrogen forms that can be absorbed by plants, Changes were measured. The results are shown in Table 1.
[ 0023 ]
(Hydrolysis evaluation test)
60 g of soil is weighed in a 50 ml cylindrical polystyrene bar container, and about 150 to 175 mg of fertilizer to be tested is buried in the center of the soil to prepare a test specimen. A total of 12 to 14 specimens are prepared in consideration of the test period and repeated analysis. After spraying water from the top of the soil so that the moisture content is 60% of the maximum volume of water (with the total amount of voids in the soil being 100%), do not seal with aluminum foil to prevent water evaporation The lid is put on and placed in a constant temperature bath at 20 ° C. During the test period, the water content was maintained at 60%.
[ 0024 ]
(Measurement method of nitrate nitrogen concentration)
For the test specimen, after a predetermined period of time, the mixture of soil and fertilizer was transferred to a petri dish, mixed and ground uniformly, then transferred to a 500 ml separatory funnel, added with 300 ml of 2% acetic acid solution and shaken for 1 hour. Extract nitric acid. Next, dilute acetic acid eluate 10 times and separate nitrate ion with ion chromatography analyzer (Dionex AQ, column AS12A, eluent (mixed solution of 2.7 mM sodium carbonate and 0.3 mM sodium bicarbonate)). Then, the peak intensity is measured, the concentration is calculated from a calibration curve prepared in advance, and the nitrate nitrogen concentration is obtained. The soil blank value is subtracted to correct the value.
[ 0025 ]
(Ammonia nitrogen concentration measurement test method)
For the specimen, after a predetermined period of time, the mixture of soil and fertilizer was placed on a petri dish, mixed uniformly, after trituration and transferred to a separatory funnel 500 ml, for 1 hour shaking ammonia added 1M aqueous solution of potassium chloride 300ml Elute. Next, the potassium chloride eluate was distilled using a Kjeldahl steam distillation apparatus, and the ammonium ions that flowed out were subjected to ion chromatography analysis (Dionex 2010i-3, column CS3, eluent (0.2 mM 2,3 dianopropionic acid-hydrochloric acid). Ammonium ions are separated by a mixed solution of salt and 10 mM hydrochloric acid)), the peak intensity is measured, the concentration is calculated from a calibration curve prepared in advance, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration is obtained. The soil blank value is subtracted to correct the value.
[ 0026 ]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003868123
[ 0027 ]
[Comparative Example 1]
The same operation and evaluation as in Example 1 were performed except that 170 mg of lime nitrogen not containing sodium gluconate was used. The results are shown in Table 2.
[ 0028 ]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003868123
[ 0029 ]
The time-dependent change of nitrate ion of the present invention is different from the result obtained in an actual farm field in that it accumulates after generation. However, when evaluating the continuity of long-term fertilization, it is desirable to incorporate into the experimental system the nitrate ion runoff due to natural phenomena such as rainfall and the decrease in nitrate ion and ammonia ion due to plant absorption. This is because there is a problem that the influence is large and the reproducibility is poor. However, in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention, the effects of the present invention can be fully understood by looking at the temporal changes of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen.
[ 0030 ]
【The invention's effect】
The fertilizer of the present invention has a slow-acting nitrogen fertilization effect and a medicinal effect, and further has a quick-acting effect of nitrogen, potassium, or phosphoric acid, and the effect is a soil containing a large amount of colloidal soil. Even so, it is fully expressed and can reduce the additional fertilization, so it is effective in reducing labor for farmers.
[ 0031 ]
Since the fertilizer of the present invention contains lime nitrogen, the use of lime nitrogen other than conventionally known fertilizers (additional fertilizer, original fertilizer), for example, agricultural chemicals, deodorizing agents, ripening promoters, soil improvers, etc. Can be used.

Claims (1)

グルコン酸又はその塩を含有した石灰窒素と、リン酸肥料、カリ肥料及び窒素肥料から選ばれた少なくとも1種の肥料成分とを含む造粒物に、シランカップリング剤からなる撥水性物質を付着させてなる肥料。A water-repellent substance composed of a silane coupling agent is adhered to a granulated product containing lime nitrogen containing gluconic acid or a salt thereof and at least one fertilizer component selected from phosphoric fertilizer, potash fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer. Fertilizer.
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