JP3862183B2 - Bending device by linear heating - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a bending apparatus using linear heating for bending a metal plate by heating it linearly.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The linear heating is used for operations such as heating a metal plate into a linear shape, processing the flat plate into a desired curved surface, or correcting a metal surface deformed in a wavy shape by a welding operation into an original flat plane. Conventionally, linear heating has been performed based on the experience of the worker at the work site, but due to the progress of analysis technology by the finite element method (Computer Element Method) using a computer in recent years, the desired shape and materials to be used It is now possible to calculate the arrangement of the heating lines by inputting data such as the characteristics of the heating device and the characteristics of the heating device. The present applicant also discloses such a technique in Japanese Patent Application No. 5-246170.
[0003]
FIG. 9 shows an example of an automatic bending apparatus using linear heating. On the offset surface plate, a support unit is provided that is divided into a lattice shape and supports the metal plate to be heated and bent according to the shape being bent, at the position of each intersection. The support unit includes a clamp unit arranged around the metal plate and an offset unit arranged inside the clamp unit. The clamp unit moves up and down according to the bending of the metal plate, and clamps the periphery of the metal plate rotatably. The offset unit moves up and down according to the bending of the metal plate and supports the metal plate. A heat treatment apparatus (not shown) is provided on the upper part of the metal plate, and moves while performing heat treatment along a heating line set on the metal plate. As the heat treatment, heating or heating and water cooling in which water is applied to the surroundings are performed.
[0004]
The vertical movement of the support unit is performed by a hydraulic cylinder provided to each support unit and is driven by a hydraulic drive unit. The NC controller controls the hydraulic unit to control the height of the support unit to a height that matches the bent shape of the metal plate, and moves the heat treatment device along the heating line to control heating or heating and water cooling treatment. . When the peripheral device control device is given data such as the dimensions and materials of the metal plate and the desired bending shape, the arrangement of the heating wire and the heating of the heating wire (from the data such as the specifications of the heating head set in advance) The bending deformation of the metal plate due to water cooling is calculated, and the NC controller is instructed to control the heat treatment apparatus and the support unit based on this data. As a result, the metal plate is automatically bent.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
When bending a metal plate into a curved surface by linear heating, bending with a temperature difference in the plate thickness direction and in-plane shrinkage that uniformly shrinks in the plate thickness direction with the plate thickness direction at the same temperature Two processes are performed. In the above-mentioned apparatus, since heating or cooling is performed only from the upper surface of the metal plate, it is necessary to perform considerable extra heating. In the case of bending, if the upper surface is heated and the lower surface is cooled, the temperature difference in the thickness direction can be easily obtained, but since heating and cooling can only be performed from the upper surface, the heating wire is heated to cool the periphery. For this reason, the upper surface must be heated more than necessary to prevent the temperature of the upper surface from decreasing due to cooling. In the case of in-plane shrinkage, the upper surface needs to be heated more than necessary because the lower surface is heated until it reaches a predetermined temperature.
[0006]
The height of the support unit needs to be changed following the bending deformation of the metal plate as the heating wire is heated. Such a device requires a complicated mechanical mechanism and a control device, and becomes an expensive device. Note that simply supporting the periphery of the metal plate lowers the accuracy of bending due to deformation due to its own weight and generation of internal stress.
[0007]
Heating and cooling from both the front and back sides are required for processing such as vertical curved surfaces. For this reason, a reversing device for reversing the metal plate is required, and the heating operation must be interrupted for this reversing operation.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a bending apparatus by linear heating that can be heated or cooled from both surfaces of a metal plate.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the horizontal direction is the X axis, the vertical direction is the Y axis, the direction orthogonal to the X axis and the Y axis is the Z axis, and the metal plate to be processed is surrounded by the XY plane. A metal plate support that supports at least three points, one of which is a fixed support point, and the other point is a sliding support point that slidably supports expansion and contraction in the X-axis or Y-axis direction ; A heat treatment head for heat-treating the metal plate; and a heat treatment head provided on both sides of the metal plate supported by the metal plate support, and the heat treatment head along the metal plate independently of the metal plate support and the X-axis and Y-axis A moving device that moves in the axial direction, a heat treatment head pressing means that presses the heat treatment head attached to the moving device and attached to the tip following the displacement in the Z-axis direction of the metal plate, and both sides of the metal plate Place the heat treatment head in the same position And a control unit for controlling the moving device to move along a heating line which is previously set on the metal plate, the fixed support point of the metal plate supporting member is moved in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction is fixed However, the rotation by bending of the metal plate is allowed, and the sliding support point is fixed to move in the Y-axis direction but allows to rotate by sliding in the X-axis direction and bending of the metal plate. It has a sliding support point and a second sliding support point that fixes movement in the X-axis direction but permits rotation in the Y-axis direction and bending of the metal plate .
[0010]
The metal plate is placed on the XY plane (vertical surface), and one peripheral point is fixed so as to be able to be rotationally displaced, and supported at other points so as to be slidable in the X-axis direction or the Y-axis direction. This makes it possible to perform heat treatment from both sides of the metal plate simultaneously without constraining the bending and expansion / contraction deformation of the metal plate. Since the mobile device is able to move the heat treatment head along both sides of the metal plate in the XY-axis direction, even when heated line set on a metal plate over the entire surface can be carried to a heat treatment. Since heat treatment can be performed from both sides, bending can be performed without wasteful heating by heating from one side and cooling the other side. Further, by heating both surfaces, in-plane shrinkage can be performed without wasteful heating. Since the heat treatment head is pressed against the metal plate following the displacement by the heat treatment head pressing means, heating and water cooling are surely performed. In addition, almost the same position of the front and back of the metal plate can be heated or heated and cooled according to the heating line, so that bending strain or in-plane compression strain can be generated with minimum heating.
[0011]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, the moving device has a vertical fixing member having a rotating screw rod provided vertically in the X-axis direction and a nut portion screwed with the screw rod, and the rotation of the screw rod. An X-axis direction moving body that moves in the X-axis direction, and a Y-axis direction moving body that is mounted on the X-axis direction moving body and moves in the Y-axis direction.
[0012]
The vertical fixing member threaded rod is provided in the X-axis direction up and down the threaded rod is rotated. The X-direction moving body has a nut portion that engages with the screw rod, and moves in the X-axis direction by the rotation of the screw rod. The Y-axis direction moving body moves in the Y-axis direction on the X-axis moving body. Thereby, the Y-axis direction moving body can freely move on the XY plane.
[0013]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the moving device includes: a cart that travels in the X-axis direction ; a support that has a rotating screw rod that is mounted on the cart and that is provided in the Y-axis direction; and a nut that is screwed into the screw rod. And a Y-axis direction moving body that moves in the Y-axis direction by rotation of the screw rod.
[0014]
A strut is mounted on a carriage traveling in the X-axis direction, and a threaded rod in the Y-axis direction is provided on the strut to rotate the threaded rod. The Y-axis moving body has a nut portion that engages with the screw rod, and moves in the Y-axis direction by the rotation of the screw rod. By using the X-axis direction moving body as a carriage, even if the length of the metal plate in the X-axis direction is increased, the heat treatment head can be moved in the X-axis direction correspondingly.
[0015]
In the invention of claim 4, the heat treatment head comprises a heating head and a water cooling head, and in the case of bending, one surface of the metal plate is heated by the heating head and the other surface is cooled by the water cooling head.
[0016]
When bending is caused by making a temperature difference in the thickness direction of the metal plate, the bending can be generated with the least amount of heat by heating from one surface of the plate thickness and cooling from the other surface.
[0017]
In the invention of claim 5, the heat treatment head comprises a heating head and a water cooling head, and in the case of in-plane shrinkage processing in which the shrinkage in the surface direction is uniform in the plate thickness direction, both surfaces of the metal plate are heated by the heating head. To do.
[0018]
In the case of in-plane shrinkage in which the sheet thickness direction of the metal plate is heated to a uniform temperature and the shrinkage in the surface direction is uniform in the sheet thickness direction, the in-plane shrinkage strain can be reduced with the least amount of heat by heating from both sides. Can be generated.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the principle of the present invention. The X axis is the horizontal direction, the Y axis is the vertical direction, the Z axis is the direction orthogonal to the X and Y axes, and the XY plane is a vertical plane. Reference numeral 1 denotes a metal plate to be processed. Reference numeral 2 denotes a fixed support point for supporting the metal plate 1 in a vertical plane (XY plane). The movement in the X and Y axis directions is fixed, but the rotation due to bending is restricted. do not do. 3x is a sliding support point that fixes movement in the Y direction, but allows sliding in the X-axis direction and rotation by bending. 3y is a sliding support point that fixes movement in the X direction, but allows sliding in the Y axis direction and rotation by bending. A heat treatment head 4 is disposed on the surface of the metal plate 1 and has a heating source and a water discharge hole, and electricity and water are supplied by a cable and a hose (not shown). An NC controller (not shown) moves on the heating line set on the XY plane as shown by the curved arrow to perform heating or water cooling. The heat treatment head is always pressed against the metal plate 1 by a spring corresponding to the bending in the Z-axis direction due to the heat treatment. 5 is the same heat treatment head as 4 and is arranged on the back surface of the metal plate 1. Both the heat treatment heads 4 and 5 are controlled by an NC controller so as to move in the same position with the metal plate 1 interposed therebetween.
[0020]
In order to perform in-plane shrinkage, heating is performed from both sides by heating sources of both heat treatment heads 4 and 5. In the case of bending, as shown in FIG. 1, the heat treatment head 4 discharges cooling water, and the heat treatment head 5 is heated by a heating source.
[0021]
FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment, and FIG. 3 shows a side view of the metal plate support. FIG. 4 shows an AA arrow view of FIG. The bending apparatus using linear heating according to the present invention is provided with a metal plate support 10 for supporting the metal plate 1, heat treatment heads 4 and 5 for heat treating the metal plate 1, and both sides of the metal plate 1. , 5 is moved from a moving device 13 that moves along a heating line while pressing the metal plate 1.
[0022]
Referring to FIG. 3, the metal plate support 10 includes a support frame 11 that is fixed vertically to the surface plate 6, and a support metal 12 that is attached to each side of the support frame 11 and supports the metal plate 1. Composed. As described with reference to FIG. 1, the support fitting 12 supports the metal plate 1 vertically and supports the metal plate 1 so as not to restrain deformation due to heat treatment. The left lower support bracket 12o is a fixed point that restricts movement in the X, Y, and Z axis directions, but allows rotation around the X axis. The other support bracket 12x on the lower side restrains movement in the Y and Z axis directions, and enables movement in the X axis direction and rotation around the X axis. The left support bracket 12y restrains movement in the X and Z axis directions, and enables movement in the Y axis direction and rotation around the Y axis. The support metal 12xy on the upper side restrains movement in the Z-axis direction, and enables movement in the X and Y axis directions and rotation around the X axis. The support bracket 12xy on the right side restricts movement in the Z-axis direction, and enables movement in the X and Y axis directions and rotation around the Y axis.
[0023]
The moving device 13 will be described with reference to FIGS. The vertical fixing member 14 is a rectangular plate fixed vertically to the surface plate 6, provided with horizontal screw rods 15 along the upper and lower sides, supported rotatably at both ends, and a horizontal screw rod drive provided at the left end. The motor 16 rotates in both the left and right rotation directions. The horizontal moving member 17 is screwed with both horizontal screw rods 15 and is moved to the left and right by driving of the horizontal screw rod drive motor 16. The horizontal moving member 17 is provided with a vertical screw rod 18 vertically, is rotatably supported at the upper and lower ends, and is rotated in both the left and right rotational directions by a vertical screw rod drive motor 19 provided at the upper end. The vertical moving member 20 is screwed with the vertical screw rod 18 and is fitted with a vertical groove 24 provided in the horizontal moving member 17 to prevent rotation, and is moved up and down by driving of the vertical screw rod driving motor 19. To do.
[0024]
The vertical moving member 20 is provided with a spring cylinder 21 that presses the rod with a spring, and the heat treatment heads 4 and 5 are rotatably attached to the tips of the rod so as to be in close contact with the deformation of the metal plate 1. The heat treatment heads 4 and 5 have an induction heating coil and a water discharge hole for discharging cooling water. The induction heating coil is formed of a copper tube wound in a circle, and an electric current is passed through the tube to inductively heat the metal plate 1. At the same time, cooling water is passed through the inside to prevent dissolution of the tube. For this reason, a cable for supplying a large current for induction heating and a hose for supplying cooling water discharged to the metal plate 1 and cooling water for cooling the tube are connected to the heat treatment heads 4 and 5.
[0025]
A control device (not shown) and an NC control device controlled by the control device are provided. The NC control device has the same heat treatment heads 4 and 5 on both surfaces of the metal plate 1 along the heating line instructed by the control device. The horizontal screw rod drive motor 16 and the vertical screw rod drive motor 19 are controlled so as to be positioned. The control device controls the NC control device and controls the current of the heat treatment heads 4 and 5 and the cooling water.
[0026]
FIG. 2 illustrates a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 shows a cross section of the second embodiment, and FIG. 6 shows a BB arrow view of FIG. In the present embodiment, the vertical fixing member 14 and the horizontal screw rod 15 of the first embodiment are used as a carriage 22, and a support 23 having the same function as the horizontal movement member 17 is mounted on the carriage 22, and the others are the first embodiment. Is the same. By using the carriage 22, even when the length of the metal plate 1 in the X-axis direction is increased, it can be handled. The carriage 22 moves along the metal plate support 10 and is controlled by the NC control device.
[0027]
FIG. 7 is a view for explaining a heating state in the plate thickness direction when the metal plate 1 is subjected to the in-plane shrinkage treatment. The horizontal axis indicates the plate thickness, and the vertical axis indicates the temperature distribution. The conventional method indicates a case where heat treatment is performed only from the upper surface described with reference to FIG. 9, and the ideal state indicates the most desirable heating state. The straight line a indicates a temperature level necessary for the metal plate 1 to undergo plastic deformation. In the case of a steel plate, the ambient temperature is 200 to 400 ° C., assuming that the ambient temperature is kept at room temperature (around 20 ° C.). In the conventional method, heating is performed only from the front surface, and heating is performed until the back surface becomes a straight line a. In this invention, it heats from both surfaces and it heats until the plate | board thickness center used as the lowest temperature becomes the straight line a. Since the present invention heats from both sides, the temperature distribution is close to the ideal state, but in the conventional method, heating is only from the surface, so the temperature on the surface side becomes higher than necessary, and the amount of shrinkage also increases on the surface side. Bending distortion occurs along with the shrinkage, and bending displacement in the Z-axis direction (plate thickness direction) also occurs in the metal plate 1.
[0028]
FIG. 8 shows a heat treatment for imparting bending strain to the metal plate 1. The drawing display method is the same as in FIG. The conventional method heats the surface and cools the surroundings from the surface. In the present invention, heating is performed from the front surface and water cooling is performed from the back surface. Although the present invention is close to an ideal state, the conventional method heats the back surface side to a considerable temperature, so that in-plane shrinkage also occurs considerably.
[0029]
In the above embodiment, the induction heating method has been described as the heating method of the heat treatment head. However, a heating method using a burner or a heating method using an electric heater may be used.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
As is apparent from the above description, the present invention has the following effects by installing the metal plate substantially vertically and heating the same place from both sides.
(1) The temperature distribution that draws the necessary deformation can be realized in an ideal form compared to the conventional method, so that heating is performed quickly and efficiently, and the temperature near the heating source is not unnecessarily increased, preventing metal deterioration. it can.
(2) Since the metal plate is supported substantially vertically, it is possible to prevent the metal plate from being distorted or stressed by its own weight. As a result, the influence of internal stress that is difficult to control can be eliminated, so that bending accuracy is improved.
(3) When the metal plate is supported horizontally as in the prior art, a curved surface support device such as a support unit that moves and supports the metal plate according to bending deformation is required, but this is not necessary in the present invention.
(4) In the case of a bowl-shaped curved surface, a reversing operation and a reversing device which are necessary if a metal plate is placed horizontally become unnecessary. When this reversal is performed manually, many auxiliary devices are required for safe work, and much work time is required. Even when an automatic reversing device is provided, the heat treatment operation must be interrupted by the reversing operation, but this is not necessary if the present invention is used.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the principle of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of the present invention and shows a cross-sectional view.
FIG. 3 shows a side view of a metal plate support.
FIG. 4 is a view taken in the direction of arrows AA in FIG.
FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the present invention and shows a cross-sectional view.
6 is a view taken along arrow BB in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a temperature distribution that generates in-plane shrinkage strain.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a temperature distribution that generates bending strain.
FIG. 9 is a view showing a conventional linear heating device.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Metal plate 2 Fixed support point 3x, 3y Sliding support point 4 Surface heat treatment head 5 Back surface heat treatment head 6 Surface plate 10 Metal plate support tool 11 Support frame 12 Support metal fitting 13 Moving device 14 Vertical fixing member 15 Horizontal screw rod 16 Horizontal screw Bar drive motor 17 Horizontal moving member 18 Vertical screw rod 19 Vertical screw rod drive motor 20 Vertical moving member 21 Spring cylinder 22 Carriage 23 Post 24 Vertical groove

Claims (5)

The horizontal direction is the X axis, the vertical direction is the Y axis, and the direction perpendicular to the X axis and the Y axis is the Z axis, and the metal plate to be processed is supported on at least three points around the XY plane, and one of the points is supported. A metal plate support having a fixed support point and a slide support point that slidably supports expansion and contraction in the X-axis or Y-axis direction, a heat treatment head that heat-treats the metal plate, and the metal plate support A moving device that is provided on each side of the metal plate supported by the tool and moves the heat treatment head in the X-axis and Y-axis directions independently of the metal plate support tool along the metal plate , and is attached to the moving device The heat treatment head pressing means for pressing the heat treatment head attached to the tip of the metal plate following the displacement in the Z-axis direction of the metal plate and the heat treatment heads provided on both sides of the metal plate are placed in the same position in advance on the metal plate. Move along the set heating line And a control unit for controlling the moving device so,
The fixed support point of the metal plate support is to fix the movement in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, but to allow rotation by bending the metal plate,
The sliding support point is a first sliding support point that fixes movement in the Y-axis direction, but allows sliding in the X-axis direction and rotation by bending the metal plate, and fixed movement in the X-axis direction. A bending apparatus by linear heating, characterized by having a second sliding support point that allows sliding in the Y-axis direction and rotation by bending the metal plate .   The moving device includes a vertical fixing member having a rotating screw rod provided vertically in the X-axis direction and a nut portion screwed with the screw rod and moving in the X-axis direction by the rotation of the screw rod. The bending apparatus by linear heating according to claim 1, comprising a direction moving body and a Y-axis direction moving body mounted on the X-axis direction moving body and moving in the Y-axis direction. The moving device includes a carriage that travels in the X-axis direction , a support that has a rotating screw rod that is mounted on the carriage and that is provided in the Y-axis direction, and a nut portion that engages with the screw rod. The bending apparatus by linear heating according to claim 1, further comprising a Y-axis direction moving body that moves in the Y-axis direction by rotation.   4. The heat treatment head comprises a heating head and a water cooling head, and in the case of bending, one surface of the metal plate is heated by the heating head and the other surface is cooled by the water cooling head. The bending apparatus by linear heating in any one of.   The heat treatment head includes a heating head and a water cooling head, and in the case of in-plane shrinkage processing in which the shrinkage in the surface direction is uniform in the thickness direction, both surfaces of the metal plate are heated by the heating head. Item 4. A bending apparatus by linear heating according to any one of Items 1 to 3.

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