JP3855760B2 - Chord component sound presentation apparatus and chord component sound presentation program - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a chord constituent sound presenting apparatus and a chord constituent sound presenting program for presenting each sound constituting the designated chord or chord inversion according to a predetermined mode based on designation of a chord or a chord inversion. In particular, even for musical instruments with different ranges of expressible pitches, each tone that constitutes a specified chord or chord inversion is easily obtained and presented within the range of pitches that can be expressed by each instrument. The present invention relates to a chord constituent sound presentation apparatus and a chord constituent sound presentation program.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Nowadays, the code dictionary function is called by the user when the user selects the root (for example, the root note indicated by a pitch name such as C, E, F, A) and the type (for example, major, minor, seventh, augment, diminished, etc.) ) To specify a desired chord, or to specify the inversion of the chord, thereby specifying a plurality of sounds (hereinafter referred to as a chord structure) constituting the specified chord or the inversion of the chord. There is known an electronic musical instrument or the like having a function of presenting to a user in a predetermined manner. For example, in an electronic keyboard instrument having a keyboard as a performance operator, only a chord component sound corresponding to a user's chord designation is displayed on a display such as an LCD, or an LED arranged corresponding to each key, etc. The chord can be specified by the user by lighting or flashing only the indicator arranged on the key that plays the chord component, or by simultaneously or sequentially sounding the chord component. Corresponding chord constituent sounds can be presented to the user. Such a chord dictionary function allows the user to easily check for each chord the position of the keyboard that the user has to press to play a desired chord, that is, the position where the chord is played on the electronic keyboard instrument. Yes.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, conventionally, in order to realize the above-described chord dictionary function with an electronic musical instrument, different chord constituent sound presentation devices (or different independent electronic musical instruments having different expressible pitch ranges (that is, used sound ranges)) (or A chord constituent sound presentation program) had to be prepared in advance. For example, in an electronic keyboard instrument with different numbers of keys, such as 76 keys and 61 keys, the range that can be presented as a chord constituent sound is different for each electronic keyboard instrument, and the relative positions of keys that play the same pitch are different for each electronic keyboard instrument. Different for each. If the same chord constituent sound presentation device (or chord constituent sound presentation program) is used in such electronic keyboard instruments with different numbers of keyboards, the chord constituent sound is not presented at an incorrect pitch or the chord constituent sound is not presented. That happens. Therefore, conventionally, a dedicated chord constituent sound presentation device (or chord constituent sound presentation program) corresponding to each electronic keyboard instrument has been required. However, creating and preparing a chord constituent sound presentation device (or chord constituent sound presentation program) for realizing the chord dictionary function in advance for each electronic keyboard instrument having a different number of keys is very time-consuming and troublesome. However, there was a problem that it was. Moreover, in one electronic keyboard instrument, there is a chord designation key range below the variable split point. However, in such an electronic keyboard instrument, the range of the chord designation key range is changed by the user. As in the case of electronic keyboard instruments with different numbers of keyboards, there is a disadvantage that correct chord constituent sounds cannot be presented.
[0004]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described points, and each electronic musical instrument can appropriately present a chord constituent sound even in an electronic musical instrument having a different range of expressible pitches (that is, a usable sound range). The present invention intends to provide a chord constituent sound presentation device or a chord constituent sound presentation program that can be used in common.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  The chord component sound presenting apparatus according to the present invention is:Storage means for storing reference component sound information and turn form information indicating what can be presented among a plurality of turn forms for each chord type;Any chordAt least with root and chord typesAccording to the chord designation information to be designated and the means for obtaining the tone range designation information for designating a desired tone range in which the chord component sound is to be presented, according to the acquired chord designation information,Based on the reference component sound information stored in the storage means,Means for generating chord constituent sound information indicating the constituent sound of the specified chord, and the acquired range specifying informationTo be within the range specified by,And according to the specified chord type, so as to match any of the presentable turning forms indicated by the turning form information stored in the storage means,The generated chord component sound informationInformation about at least one of the soundsData conversion means for octave shiftingAnd presenting the inverted chord constituent sound based on the chord constituent sound information octave shifted by the data converting means.To do.
[0006]
  According to this invention,Each chord type includes storage means for storing reference component sound information and turn form information indicating what can be presented among a plurality of turn forms, and a desired range in which the chord composition sound should be presented Is obtained. Chord component sound information based on the reference component sound information is generated from the root tone and chord type specified by the chord specification information, and the data conversion means is specified so as to be within the range specified by the range specification information. Depending on the chord type, at least one of the generated chord constituent sound information is matched with any of the presentable turn forms indicated by the turn form information stored in the storage means. Shift information octave. Inverted chord constituent sounds can be presented based on the octave shifted chord constituent sounds. It is known that there are multiple types of chord inversions depending on the number of notes to be rotated (octave shifted), but according to the present invention, of these multiple inversions, specified by the range specification information It is possible to automatically present inversions that fall within the range of the specified range, and store inversion information that indicates what can be presented out of a plurality of inversion types for each chord type, and thereby the chord type In response to this, only the appropriate turning form is automatically presented. AlsoEven if it is an appropriate device capable of presenting a different range, obtain range specification information for specifying a desired rangethingTherefore, since it is possible to present a chord component sound suitable for the device, there is no need to prepare different chord component sound presenting devices independently for each device, which is convenient.In addition, even for musical instruments with different ranges of representable pitches, each of the sounds that make up a specified chord or chord inversion is obtained and presented within the range of pitches that can be represented by each instrument. Will be able to.
[0007]
The present invention can be constructed and implemented not only as a device invention but also as a method invention. Further, the present invention can be implemented in the form of a program of a processor such as a computer or a DSP, or can be implemented in the form of a storage medium storing such a program.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0009]
FIG. 1 is a hardware configuration block diagram showing an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument incorporating a chord component sound presentation apparatus according to the present invention.
The electronic musical instrument shown in this embodiment is controlled by a microcomputer comprising a microprocessor unit (CPU) 1, a read only memory (ROM) 2 and a random access memory (RAM) 3. The CPU 1 controls the operation of the entire electronic musical instrument. To this CPU 1, via a data and address bus 1D, ROM 2, RAM 3, detection circuit 4, switch detection circuit 5, display circuit 6, sound source circuit 7, effect circuit 8, external storage device 9, MIDI interface (I / F) ) 10 and a communication interface (I / F) 11 are connected to each other. Further, the CPU 1 is connected to a timer 1A for measuring the interrupt time and various times in the timer interrupt process (interrupt process). For example, the timer 1A generates a clock pulse, and gives the generated clock pulse to the CPU 1 as a processing timing command or to the CPU 1 as an interrupt command. The CPU 1 executes various processes according to these instructions.
[0010]
The ROM 2 stores various control programs executed by or referred to by the CPU 1 (for example, programs such as chord constituent sound presentation processing and inversion type presentation processing described later) and various data (for example, reference constituent sound pattern tables and inversion type bit patterns described later). Table) and the like. The RAM 3 is a working memory that temporarily stores automatic performance information used when the music is automatically played, various data generated when the CPU 1 executes a predetermined program, or a control program currently being executed and related items. It is used as a memory for storing data to be stored. A predetermined address area of the RAM 3 is assigned to each function and used as a register, flag, table, memory, or the like.
[0011]
The performance operator 4A has a plurality of keys for selecting the pitch of a musical tone, such as a keyboard, and has a key switch corresponding to each key. The performance operator 4A (Keyboard etc.) can be used not only for musical performances but also as input means for inputting pitches and rhythms used for automatic performances. The detection circuit 4 generates a detection output by detecting the pressing and release of each key of the performance operator 4A. An example of such a performance operator 4A is shown in FIG. FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which a keyboard is used as the performance operator 4A. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, numbers starting from “0” are sequentially assigned to all keys from the key that plays the lowest sound (C0) to the key that plays the higher sound (for example, 0 to 0). MIDI note numbers indicated by (integer up to 127). That is, “0” for a key playing “C-2”, “1” for a key playing “C # -2 (sharp)” (or “D ♭ -2 (flat)”), “D” “2” for keys that play “-2” and “3” for keys that play “D # -2” (or “E ♭ -2”). MIDI note numbers incremented by 1 are assigned in order. However, since the actual keyboard does not have 128 keys such as 88 keys and 61 keys, the lowest sound on the keyboard is, for example, “21” playing “A-1”. In the chord constituent sound presenting process (or turning form presenting process) executed by the electronic musical instrument, the chord constituent sound to be presented to the user is determined by using such a MIDI note number (details will be described later). The presentation of the chord constituent sound to the user is not limited to displaying the chord constituent sound on the display 6A. For example, an indicator such as an LED (not shown) is arranged for each key of the performance operator 4A to display the chord constituent sound. By directly lighting or blinking the indicator of the key to which the MIDI note number determined in the sound presentation process is given, the user directly indicates the key that plays the chord component as a chord component. You may do it. Alternatively, chord constituent sounds may be presented simultaneously or sequentially.
[0012]
Referring back to FIG. 1, the panel operator (switch, etc.) 5A includes various switches for specifying chords or chord rotations for displaying chord constituent sounds, or for inputting various information relating to automatic performance. Is done. Of course, in order to operate a numeric keypad for inputting numeric data, a keyboard for inputting character data, or a predetermined pointing device displayed on the display 6A, which is used for selecting, setting, and controlling pitches, tones, effects, etc. Various operators such as a mouse to be used may be included. The switch detection circuit 5 detects the operation state of each switch of the panel operation element 5A, and outputs switch information corresponding to the operation state to the CPU 1 via the data and address bus 1D. The display circuit 6 displays various information such as chord constituent sounds to be presented to the user on a display 6A composed of, for example, a liquid crystal display panel (LCD), a CRT, or the like in a musical score display, a pitch, or the like. Various information regarding the automatic performance or the control state of the CPU 1 is displayed on the display 6A.
[0013]
The tone generator circuit 7 can simultaneously generate musical tone signals on a plurality of channels, inputs data and predetermined performance data given via the address bus 1D, and generates musical tone signals based on the performance data. . The musical sound signal generated from the sound source circuit 7 is given an effect through the effect circuit 8 and is generated from the sound system 8A including an amplifier, a speaker and the like. The performance data format may be digitally encoded such as MIDI format, or may be a waveform sample data system such as PCM, DPCM, ADPCM. Any conventional configuration may be used for the sound source circuit 7, the effect circuit 8, and the sound system 8A. For example, the tone generator circuit 7 may employ any of various tone synthesis methods such as FM, PCM, physical model, formant synthesis, etc., or may be constituted by dedicated hardware, or by software processing by the CPU 1. May be.
[0014]
The external storage device 9 stores performance data and data related to control such as various control programs executed by the CPU 1. When the control program is not stored in the ROM 2, the control program is stored in the external storage device 9 (for example, a hard disk), and is read into the RAM 3 to store the control program in the ROM 2. A similar operation can be performed by the CPU 1. In this way, control programs can be easily added and upgraded. The external storage device 9 is not limited to a hard disk (HD), but can be attached or detached such as a flexible disk (FD), a compact disk (CD-ROM / CD-RAM), a magneto-optical disk (MO), or a DVD (Digital Versatile Disk). Any storage device may be used as long as the storage device uses various external storage media. It may be a semiconductor memory or the like.
[0015]
The MIDI interface (I / F) 10 inputs MIDI standard musical tone information (that is, MIDI data) from another MIDI device 10A or the like to the electronic musical instrument, or receives MIDI standard musical tone information (MIDI data) from the electronic musical instrument. ) To other MIDI device 10A or the like. The other MIDI device 10A may be any device that generates MIDI data in response to a user's operation, and includes any type of operator such as a keyboard type, a stringed instrument type, a wind instrument type, a percussion instrument type, and a body-mounted type ( Alternatively, it may be a device).
[0016]
Note that the MIDI interface 10 is not limited to a dedicated MIDI interface, and the MIDI interface 10 is configured using a general-purpose interface such as RS-232C, USB (Universal Serial Bus), IEEE 1394 (Eye Triple E 1394). You may make it do. In this case, data other than MIDI event data may be transmitted and received simultaneously. When a general-purpose interface as described above is used as the MIDI interface 10, the other MIDI device 10A may be able to transmit and receive data other than MIDI event data. Of course, the data format related to the musical tone information is not limited to the data in the MIDI format, but may be in another format. In this case, the MIDI interface 10 and the other MIDI device 10A are configured accordingly.
[0017]
The communication interface (I / F) 11 is connected to a wired or wireless communication network X such as a LAN, the Internet, or a telephone line, and is connected to the server computer 11A via the communication network X. This is an interface for taking control programs and various data from 11A into the electronic musical instrument. That is, when no control program or various data is stored in the ROM 2 or the external storage device 9 (for example, hard disk), it is used for downloading the control program and various data from the server computer 11A. The electronic musical instrument serving as a client transmits a command requesting download of a control program and various data to the server computer 11A via the communication interface 11 and the communication network X. Upon receiving this command, the server computer 11A distributes the requested control program and various data to the electronic musical instrument via the communication network X, and the electronic musical instrument transmits these control program and various data via the communication interface 11. Downloading is completed by receiving data and storing it in an external storage device 9 (for example, a hard disk). Note that the communication interface 11 and the communication network X are not limited to wired ones but may be wireless ones. Moreover, you may have both.
[0018]
In the electronic musical instrument described above, the performance operator 4A is not limited to a keyboard instrument, and may be any type of instrument such as a stringed instrument, a wind instrument, or a percussion instrument. Further, the electronic musical instrument is not limited to one in which the performance operator 4A, the display 6A, the sound source circuit 7 and the like are built in one apparatus body, but each is configured separately, and each of the electronic musical instruments is configured using communication means such as a MIDI interface or various networks. Needless to say, the apparatus may be configured to be connected. Furthermore, the device to which the chord component sound presenting device according to the present invention is applied is not limited to the form of an electronic musical instrument, but a personal computer, a portable communication terminal, an automatic performance device such as karaoke or an automatic performance piano, a game machine, a video editing device, or the like. The present invention may be applied to any form of apparatus / equipment.
[0019]
Here, the data structures of the reference component sound pattern table and the inverted bit pattern table used in the chord component sound presenting apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the data structure of the reference component sound pattern table and the inverted bit pattern table.
[0020]
First, the reference component sound pattern table will be described.
The reference component sound pattern table is data in which a chord component sound pattern is defined for each individual chord type (that is, chord types such as major, minor, seventh, augment, and diminished). That is, the reference component sound pattern table is data having a combination of chord component sounds in advance for each chord type, and is stored in advance as a database or the like in the ROM 2, the RAM 3, the external storage device 9, or the like. As can be understood from FIG. 3, the reference constituent sound pattern in this embodiment is composed of data of at least 5 bytes, and the data for each byte is the lowest sound (MIDI note number “0” = “C-2”). ) Is stored as predetermined data representing a chord constituent sound of a chord having a root of “)”. That is, there are three chords composed of three sounds (triads), four chords obtained by adding 6th or 7th sound to the triads, and five chords in which tension notes are stacked based on the four chords. Therefore, the reference constituent sound pattern is composed of data consisting of at least 5 bytes so as to be compatible with the five chords having the largest number of constituent sounds. A MIDI note number is used as predetermined data representing a chord constituent sound held by the data for each byte.
[0021]
Referring to a specific example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, for example, data representing a chord component of the chord type “Maj (major)” is “0” “4” “7” “−1” “−” 1 ”. As described above, since the data representing the chord constituent sound is a MIDI note number, the chord constituent sounds of the chord type “Maj (major)” are MIDI note numbers “0”, “4”, “7”, “−1”, “ -1 "is added. However, since a MIDI note number of “0” or more is added to each sound, there is no sound to which a MIDI note number of “−1” is added. Therefore, when “−1” is defined as data representing a chord constituent sound, since the data is not included in the chord constituent sound, the data of “−1” is not included in the chord constituent sound. From the above, for example, the chord component of the chord type “Maj (major)” is “C-2” to which the MIDI note number “0” is added and “E” to which the MIDI note number “4” is added. -2 ”and“ G-2 ”with the MIDI note number“ 7 ”added. That is, it represents a chord constituent sound of the chord “C (C major)”. Similarly, for example, a chord component of “7 (seventh)” is “C-2” (MIDI note number “0”), “E-2” (MIDI note number “4”), and “G-”. 2 notes (MIDI note number “7”) and “A-2” (MIDI note number “10”). That is, it represents a chord constituent sound of the chord “C7 (C Seventh)”. In the chord component sound presentation processing described later, a sound other than the lowest tone “C-2” is routed based on the chord component tone in each chord having the lowest tone “C-2” as a root based on such a reference component sound pattern. The chord constituent sound of each chord is calculated and presented. A detailed description of this process will be described later, and will not be repeated here.
[0022]
Next, the rotating bit pattern table will be described.
The inverted bit pattern table is data that defines whether or not the inverted type is presented for each chord type, and is stored in advance as a database or the like in the ROM 2, the RAM 3, the external storage device 9 or the like in the same manner as the reference constituent sound pattern described above. Remembered. The inverted bit pattern shown in this embodiment is composed of data consisting of at least 5 bits, and the data for each bit presents the basic configuration, the first rotation, the second rotation, the third rotation, and the fourth rotation, respectively. It holds data indicating presence / absence. In this embodiment, “1” is defined as “turned form presented” and “0” is defined as “turned form not presented”. Since the basic configuration indicates the basic chord configuration before turning the chord, the basic configuration defines “1” for all chords. The first turn is a chord structure in which only the root of the basic structure is raised by an octave, and the second turn is a chord structure in which the sound that is one above the root of the basic structure is raised by an octave together with the root, The turn is a chord structure in which the constituent sound two above the root of the basic structure is raised octave together with the root and the sound one above, and the fourth turn is the sound three above the root of the basic structure. This is a chord structure in which the octave is raised together with the sound of 2 and the sound above two. For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the chord type “min7 (minor seventh)” presents a basic configuration, but in addition to the basic configuration, “second turn” and “third turn”. The rolling forms of “1st turning” and “4th turning” are not presented. In the turn form presentation process described later, a turn form chord constituent sound is calculated for each chord in accordance with the definition and reference constituent sound pattern of the corresponding chord form with or without presentation in the turn form bit pattern table. Present. A detailed description of this process will be described later, and will not be repeated here.
[0023]
It should be noted that the user may be able to set the setting of presenting or not presenting the inversion form of each chord in the inversion bit pattern table described above as appropriate. For example, the third inversion of the chord “C6 (C Major Six)” whose basic composition is “C-2, E-2, G-2, A-2” is “A-2, C-1, E”. -1, G-1 ", which is consistent with the basic configuration" A-2, C-1, E-1, G-1 "of the chord" Am7 (A minor seventh) ". In such a case, if “A-2, C-1, E-1, G-1” is presented as the third inversion of “C6 (C Major Six)”, the chord “Am7 (A minor • This is indistinguishable from the basic configuration “A-2, C-1, E-1, G-1”. When the electronic musical instrument has an automatic accompaniment function, when the user inputs “A-2, C-1, E-1, G-1” from the keyboard, the electronic musical instrument converts the input chord into a chord “ It is impossible to determine which accompaniment sound should be automatically created with “C6” or chord “Am7”, and automatic accompaniment as intended by the user cannot be performed. In other words, the chord “C6” and the chord “Am7” are mainly accompanied by different accompaniment sounds, so it is very important to distinguish such chords. Therefore, in order to prevent this from occurring, in the chord constituent sound presentation device with a built-in automatic accompaniment function, a inverted bit pattern table is defined in advance so as not to present the third inverted form of the chord “C6”. It is good to keep. That is, the third inverted form of the chord “C6” in the inverted bit pattern table may be set to “0”. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and when it is not necessary to consider automatic accompaniment, a reversal bit pattern table is defined so as to present the third reversal form of the chord “C6”, and the chord “C6” It is needless to say that it is possible to appropriately select and set whether to present the third turning form of "" or whether to present the third turning form.
[0024]
As described above, in the electronic musical instrument shown in FIG. 1, the chord constituent sounds related to the chord are presented to the user in a predetermined manner according to the chord designation by the user. Therefore, the chord constituent sound presentation processing for performing such processing will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of “chord constituent sound presentation processing” executed by the CPU 1 of the electronic musical instrument described above. Hereinafter, the operation of the processing will be described according to the flowchart shown in FIG.
[0025]
In step S1, predetermined notes are set as predetermined parameters corresponding to the minimum, maximum, and standard pitches, respectively. These minimum, maximum, and standard pitches are set by the user appropriately specifying desired notes within the range of pitches that can be played using the keyboard on the electronic musical instrument (that is, the used range). In this embodiment, the lowest tone is set to the parameter LO_NOTE, the highest tone is set to the parameter HI_NOTE, and the standard pitch is set to the parameter ST_NOTE. ST_NOTE is between LO_NOTE and HI_NOTE). In the following processing, the chord constituent sounds of the chord designated by the user within the range of the lowest sound and the highest sound set in this way are presented. In step S2, predetermined variables INV_CUR and INV_DIF are initialized. For example, an initial value “0” is set in each variable. These variable INV_CUR and variable INV_DIF are registers used when obtaining a reversed chord constituent sound. That is, the variable INV_CUR is a register for holding predetermined information related to the current chord inversion. In this embodiment, the variable INV_DIF is “0” when the current chord turning form remains the basic configuration, “1” when the first turning, “2” when the second turning, “3” is held in the case of 3 turns, and “4” is held in the case of the 4th turn. On the other hand, the variable INV_DIF is a register for holding a difference between the predetermined information regarding the current chord inversion and the predetermined information regarding the target chord inversion to be rotated next. For example, if the current chord inversion is the first inversion and the target chord inversion to be rotated next is the third inversion, “2 (3-1)” is the variable INV_DIF. Set to
[0026]
In step S3, a chord designation by the user is accepted. That is, based on the designation of the route and type according to the setting operation of the panel operator 5A by the user, the target chord to be presented with the chord constituent sound is determined. For example, when the note name “A” is specified as the route and the type “7 (seventh)” is specified, the target chord to be presented with the chord constituent sound is determined as “A7 (A seventh)”. In step S4, the root tone offset is added to each value of the reference component sound pattern of the corresponding chord in the reference component sound pattern table (however, the reference component sound pattern in which “−1” not included in the chord component sound is set is added). However, such an addition process is not performed). That is, as described above, the reference component sound pattern stored in the reference component sound pattern table is data based on the lowest tone (MIDI note number “0” = “C-2”, ie, root note = “C”). Therefore, the difference of the MIDI note number between this lowest note and the route specified by the user is calculated as the root note offset, and this is added to each value in the reference component sound pattern table, so that the route specified by the user Generates a constituent sound pattern. For example, when “A” is designated as the route and “7 (seventh)” is designated as the type, the MIDI note number added to “A-2” is “9” and “C-2”. Since the added MIDI note number is “0”, the root note offset is calculated as “9 (9-0)”. When the calculated root tone offset is added to the reference component sound pattern of the chord type “7”, “9 (0 + 9)”, “13 (4 + 9)”, “16 (7 + 9)”, and “19 (10 + 9)” are obtained. That is, the chord constituents calculated in step S4 are “A-2 (MIDI note number 9)”, “C # -1 (MIDI note number 13)”, “E-1 (MIDI note number 16)”, “G-”. “A7 (A 7th)” on the lowest sound side that can be presented by the electronic musical instrument composed of four sounds of “1 (MIDI note number 19)”.
[0027]
In step S5, it is determined whether or not the lowest sound in the constituent sound pattern calculated in step S4 is higher than ST_NOTE set in step S1. If it is determined that the lowest sound in the constituent sound pattern is not higher than ST_NOTE (NO in step S5), each constituent sound is octave up, that is, “+12” is added to the calculated constituent sound pattern ( Step S8), the process returns to step S5. That is, in order to present the chord constituent sound of the specified chord at a keyboard position close to the standard pitch (ST_NOTE), the chord constituent sounds are sequentially octave from the lowest tone side by repeating the processing of step S5 and step S8. I will go up. When it is determined that the lowest sound in the constituent sound pattern is higher than ST_NOTE (YES in step S5), all the sounds in the constituent sound pattern, that is, all the calculated chord constituent sounds are LO_NOTE set in step S1. To HI_NOTE is determined (step S6). That is, in this case, chord constituent sounds that can be presented at a keyboard position close to the standard pitch are calculated, but all of the calculated chord constituent sounds are composed of sounds within the set range from LO_NOTE to HI_NOTE. It is judged whether it is what is done.
[0028]
  When it is determined that all the sounds in the constituent sound pattern are within the range from LO_NOTE to HI_NOTE (YES in step S6), the constituent sound pattern is determined and presented as the constituent sound (step S7). On the other hand, if it is determined that any of the sounds in the constituent sound pattern is not within the range from LO_NOTE to HI_NOTE (NO in step S6), each constituent sound is octave down, that is, the calculated constituent sound pattern "-12" is added to (or "+12" is subtracted) (step S9). Then, it is determined whether or not all the sounds in the octave-down component sound pattern are equal to or higher than LO_NOTE (step S10). If it is determined that all the sounds in the octave-down constituent sound pattern are equal to or higher than LO_NOTE (YES in step S10), the constituent sound pattern is determined and presented as the constituent sound (step S7). If it is determined that any of the sounds in the octave-down component sound pattern is not equal to or higher than LO_NOTE (NO in step S10), the process proceeds to step S11. In this way, the pitch of the component sound calculated by adding the root offset to each value in the reference component sound pattern table is adjusted to the standard pitch by octave up or down.closePresents the chord component of the chord specified by the user at the keyboard position.
[0029]
In step S11, it is determined whether or not all the rolling forms have been completed. That is, in the basic configuration, if the chord component of the chord specified by the user cannot be presented even if the octave is up or down, is there any one that corresponds to the inverted chord component by turning the chord? Check it out. Therefore, in step S11, it is determined whether or not each process from step S5 to step S10 described above has been performed for all of the reversed forms obtained by turning the chord. When all the inversions have been completed, that is, when all the above-described processes have been completed for all inversions in the chord (YES in step S11), it is not possible to present a chord component of the chord specified by the user Is warned (step S15). That is, the user is informed that the chord constituent sound of the chord designated by the user cannot be presented within the range from LO_NOTE to HI_NOTE designated by the user. On the other hand, when all the inversion forms have not been completed, that is, when the above-described processing has not been completed for all inversion forms in the chord (NO in step S11), each inversion form in the variable INV_CUR and the inversion form bit pattern table The next chord inversion is determined based on whether or not the present is presented (step S12). Then, the difference between the variable INV_CUR and the next chord inversion obtained in step S12 is obtained and set in the variable INV_DIF, and the obtained chord inversion is set in the variable INV_CUR (step S13). After the setting, the number of sounds corresponding to the variable INV_DIF is turned to create a constituent sound pattern (step S14). By performing the processing from step S12 to step S14, a chord composing sound of a chord is obtained, and the processing of step S5 to step S10 is performed on the obtained chord composing sound of the obtained convolution. In this case, the chord constituent sound of the chord specified by the user is presented as a reversed chord constituent sound.
[0030]
Here, the calculation of the chord composing sound of the chord inversion performed in the processing from step S12 to step S14 will be briefly described using the chord “Am7 (A minor seventh)” as an example. For example, when obtaining the next inverted form of the basic configuration of the chord “Am7”, the variable INV_CUR is “0” (see step S2), and the chord type “min7 (minor Since “1” is set to the second turn in “Seventh”, the next turn form of the basic configuration of the chord “Am7” is determined to be the second turn form (see step S12), and the variable INV_DIF is set to the variable INV_CUR. “2”, which is the difference between “0” and the second inverted form “2”, is set (see step S13). Then, by turning the number of notes corresponding to the variable INV_DIF, that is, by adding “+12” to the “2” sound of the root and the one above it, the second turned form of the chord “Am7”. Is obtained (step S14). For example, the basic structure of the chord “Am7” is “A-2 (MIDI note number 9)”, “C-1 (MIDI note number 12)”, “E-1 (MIDI note number 16)”, “G-1 (MIDI note). Number 19) ", the second inversion of the chord" Am7 "is" E-1 (MIDI note number 16) "," G-1 (MIDI note number 19) "," A-1 (MIDI note number). 21) “C0 (MIDI note number 24)” is obtained.
[0031]
Further, when obtaining the next turning form, the variable INV_CUR is “2” and “1” is set in the third turning of the turning bit pattern table, so that the second turning form of the chord “Am7” is set. The next turning form is determined as the third turning form, and “1” which is the difference between the variable INV_CUR “2” and the third turning form “3” is set in the variable INV_DIF. Then, by rotating the number of notes corresponding to the variable INV_DIF, “+12” is added to only one sound other than the sound that was turned at the time of the previous chord turn, that is, “1” sound that is two notes above the root. Thus, a third inversion chord constituent sound of the chord “Am7” is obtained (step S14). As a result, the third inversion of the chord “Am7” is “G-1 (MIDI note number 19)”, “A-1 (MIDI note number 21)”, “C0 (MIDI note number 24)”, “E0 (MIDI note number). 28) "is obtained.
[0032]
Next, in the electronic musical instrument shown in FIG. 1, the user can present a chord constituent sound in a chord rotation form desired by the user by instructing the “next turn form” as the chord turn. ing. Therefore, the chord constituent sound presentation processing in the chord turning form performed when the user instructs the chord turning will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of the “turning form presentation process” executed by the CPU 1 of the electronic musical instrument described above. Hereinafter, the operation of the processing will be described according to the flowchart shown in FIG.
[0033]
In step S21, the next chord inversion is obtained from the variable INV_CUR and the inversion bit pattern. The difference between the variable INV_CUR and the next chord inversion obtained in step S21 is obtained and set in the variable INV_DIF, and the obtained chord inversion is set in the variable INV_CUR (step S22). After the setting, the constituent sound pattern is updated by rotating the value of the constituent sound pattern by the number of sounds corresponding to the variable INV_DIF (step S23). In step S24, it is determined whether or not all the sounds in the constituent sound pattern, that is, all the converted chord constituent sounds are within the range from LO_NOTE to HI_NOTE set in step S1 described above. When it is determined that all the sounds in the constituent sound pattern are within the range from LO_NOTE to HI_NOTE (YES in step S24), the constituent sounds are confirmed and presented (step S25). On the other hand, if it is determined that any of the sounds in the constituent sound pattern is not within the range from LO_NOTE to HI_NOTE (NO in step S24), each constituent sound is within the range where the lowest sound does not fall below LO_NOTE. Octave down one to several times (step S26). In this octave down process, each constituent sound may be octave down only once to present a chord constituent sound on the highest note side, or one to several times until each constituent sound is close to ST_NOTE. The chord component sound may be presented at the keyboard position near the standard pitch by octave down, or the chord component sound may be presented at the lowest note side by octave down multiple times. Good. That is, it is only necessary to repeat the octave down as many times as possible so that an appropriate chord constituent sound can be presented as long as the lowest sound of each constituent sound does not fall below LO_NOTE.
[0034]
In step S27, it is determined again whether or not all the sounds in the constituent sound pattern are within the range from LO_NOTE to HI_NOTE. If it is determined that they are within the range from LO_NOTE to HI_NOTE (YES in step S27), The constituent sound is confirmed and presented (step S25). On the other hand, if it is determined in step S26 that one of the sounds in the constituent sound pattern is not within the range from LO_NOTE to HI_NOTE despite the octave down (NO in step S27), all turns It is determined whether or not the shape has been completed (step S28). When all the turns have been completed, that is, when the processes from step S21 to step S27 described above have been finished for all turns (YES in step S28), a warning is given that the component sound cannot be presented (step S29). ). On the other hand, if all the turns are not finished, that is, each process described above for all turns is not finished (NO in step S28), the process returns to step S21, and the above steps S21 to S27 are performed. Repeat the process. By doing so, it becomes possible to present a chord constituent sound in a chord turn form in accordance with a chord turn instruction from the user.
[0035]
In the above-described embodiment, the chord constituent sound of each chord on the lowest tone side is stored in the reference constituent tone pattern table, and the chord constituent tone of each chord is obtained by sequentially shifting the chord constituent tone to the high tone side. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and conversely, the chord component sound of each chord on the highest note side is stored in the reference component sound pattern table, and this is sequentially applied to the lower note side. You may make it show and present the chord constituent sound of each chord by shifting.
In systems that allow the same chord component to be composed of multiple chords (for example, when the chord component is simply presented and automatic accompaniment is not taken into account), there is a limitation by using the inverted bit pattern. It goes without saying that it is not necessary.
[0036]
Note that the parameter LO_NOTE and the parameter HI_NOTE used in each process may be described in advance in the memory for each model when manufacturing an electronic keyboard instrument or the like. In addition, when the key range is divided at the split point and one key range is used as the chord specification key range, that is, the key range for presenting the chord constituent sound, the split point is specified by the user. May be set as LO_NOTE or HI_NOTE. For example, when the split point is set as LO_NOTE, a chord component sound is presented at a keyboard position on the right side of the split point. Furthermore, in a chord component sound presentation device (for example, computer software) having a configuration different from that of the electronic keyboard instrument, the user may specify LO_NOTE and HI_NOTE according to the key range of the electronic keyboard instrument that the user owns. Alternatively, when the electronic keyboard instrument and the chord component sound presentation device are connected, the LO_NOTE and HI_NOTE information may be automatically received from the electronic keyboard instrument. Similarly, the parameter ST_NOTE may be described in the memory in advance when an electronic keyboard instrument or the like is manufactured.
[0037]
  Example aboveAccording to the above, the chord constituent sound of the reference chord is stored in the reference constituent sound pattern table, and the chord constituent sound of each chord or the inverted chord constituent sound of each chord is based on the reference constituent sound pattern table. As a result, even if the range of pitches that can be expressed is different, each tone that makes up a specified chord or chord inversion is within the range of pitches that can be expressed by each instrument. The effect of being able to obtain and present in is obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a hardware configuration showing an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument incorporating a chord component sound presentation apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which a keyboard is used as a performance operator.
FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the data structure of a reference component sound pattern table and a reversal bit pattern table.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of “chord constituent sound presentation processing”.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of “turned form presentation processing”.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... CPU, 1A ... Timer, 2 ... ROM, 3 ... RAM, 4 ... Detection circuit, 4A ... Performance operator, 5 ... Switch detection circuit, 5A ... Panel operation element, 6 ... Display circuit, 6A ... Display, 7 ... Sound source circuit, 8 ... effect circuit, 8A ... sound system, 9 ... external storage device, 10 ... MIDI interface, 10A ... MIDI device, 11 ... communication interface, 11A ... server computer, X ... communication network, 1D ... data and address bus

Claims (4)

Storage means for storing reference component sound information and turn form information indicating what can be presented among a plurality of turn forms for each chord type;
Means for acquiring chord designation information for designating an arbitrary chord by at least a root tone and a chord type, and tone range designation information for designating a desired tone range in which a chord component sound should be presented;
Means for generating chord constituent sound information indicating a constituent sound of the specified chord based on the reference constituent sound information stored in the storage means in accordance with the acquired chord specifying information;
Any of the presentable inversion forms that fall within the range specified by the acquired range specification information and that are indicated by the inversion information stored in the storage means according to the specified chord type Data conversion means for octave-shifting information on at least one of the generated chord constituent sound information so as to match the chord constituent sound information generated by the chord constituent sound information octave shifted by the data conversion means . A chord constituent sound presenting apparatus characterized by presenting a chord constituent sound. The acquisition unit is for further acquiring the pitch designation information for designating the standard pitch within said desired range designated by the range designating information,
Control for uniformly upshifting the chord component sound information for all chord component sounds until the lowest tone of the chord component sound information generated by the generating means becomes higher than the standard pitch, or First means for uniformly down-shifting the chord component sound information for all chord component sounds until the highest tone of the generated chord component sound information is lower than the standard pitch; ,
If the chord constituent sound information controlled by the first means does not fall within the range specified by the range specification information, the chord constituent sound information controlled by the first means is uniformly used as the first means. Second means for controlling the shift by one octave in the direction opposite to the shift direction by
Further comprising
When the chord component sound information controlled by the first or second means falls within the range specified by the range specification information, the chord component sound of the basic configuration is presented by the controlled chord component sound information, When the chord component sound information controlled by the first and second means does not fall within the range specified by the range specification information, the inverted chord structure is formed by the chord component sound information shifted octave by the data conversion means. chord component tones presentation device according to claim 1, wherein the presenting the sound. It said data conversion means to claim 1, characterized in that the octave shift the chord constituent notes information sound number of and octave shift falls within the range specified are fewest inverted form in the acquired range designation information The chord constituent sound presenting device described. A chord constituent sound presentation program in a system comprising a computer and storage means for storing reference constituent sound information for each chord type and turning form information indicating what can be presented among a plurality of turning forms. In addition,
A procedure for acquiring chord designation information for designating an arbitrary chord with at least a root tone and a chord type, and a range designation information for designating a desired range in which a chord constituent sound should be presented;
The procedure according to the chord designation information, generates the chord constituent notes information indicating a constituent notes of the designated chord on the basis of the reference configuration tone information stored in said storing means for the acquisition,
Any of the presentable inversion forms that fall within the range specified by the acquired range specification information and that are indicated by the inversion information stored in the storage means according to the specified chord type A step of octave shifting information on at least one of the generated chord component sound information so as to match
A program for running

Images