JP3852988B2 - Differential gear device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a meshing portion between a differential ring gear and a final pinion in a differential gear device having no differential case, and a configuration of a differential lock device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in a traveling vehicle, power is transmitted from a driving source such as an engine or a motor to a differential gear device in a differential gear case via a transmission shaft, and the left and right axles are differentially driven by the differential gear device. The differential gear device transmits power from the transmission shaft to the differential ring gear, and transmits power from the differential ring gear to the left and right axles via the differential pinion and differential side gear. A differential gear device with a differential lock mechanism that does not have a differential case has been publicly known to provide a differential lock device in the differential gear device so as to improve straightness and runnability in a muddy state, and to simplify the configuration of the differential gear device. ing. For example, the techniques disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 54-157787 and Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1-60932.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The differential gear device disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 54-157787 is configured such that power from the final pinion is transmitted to the differential ring gear, and power is transmitted from the differential ring gear to the left and right axles via the differential pinion and the side gear. However, the differential pinion is rotatably supported on a pinion shaft that protrudes in the radial direction on the outer peripheral portion of the pinion disc, and the diff ring gear is further fixed to the outer peripheral portion, so that the processing of the pinion disc is very difficult. The structure is complicated and difficult to assemble, resulting in high costs.
[0004]
Further, the differential gear device of Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 1-60932 does not have a differential case, and a differential lock device is provided, and the differential lock device is externally fitted so that the slider cannot rotate on the axle and slides in the axial direction. A differential lock pin is attached to the tip of the slider, and the differential lock pin is engaged with an engaging portion formed on a differential ring gear outside the differential pinion to be differentially locked. Therefore, the radius of the slider is increased, and the slider takes an extra space, and the differential gear device is enlarged.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is configured as follows to solve the above problems.
In claim 1, it comprises a pair of axles, a diff ring gear, a diff pinion fitted in an insertion hole provided in the diff ring gear, and a diff side gear provided on both sides of the diff ring gear and meshing with the diff pinion. A differential gear device having no differential case, wherein a plurality of insertion recesses are formed in one side surface of the differential ring gear facing the differential side gear, and a plurality of through holes are formed in a portion of the differential side gear facing the insertion recess of the differential ring gear. and setting, opposite the fitting recess of the differential ring gear, the sliding member having a convex portion extending in the longitudinal direction, fitted and disposed on the other side of the axle of the Defusaidogia, protrusion of the sliding member passes through the through hole provided in the Defusaidogia is intended to engage with the fitting recess.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the differential gear device according to the first aspect, the insertion concave portion on one side surface of the differential ring gear with which the convex portion of the sliding member engages is formed in a member configured separately from the differential ring gear . Is.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, examples will be described. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of a differential gear device having a differential lock mechanism according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view of the same, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a differential gear of the differential gear device, and FIG. A side view and FIG. 5 are also exploded perspective views.
[0007]
In FIGS. 1 and 2, a final shaft 2 and axles 3L and 3R are horizontally mounted in parallel on an axle case 1 that is divided into upper and lower (or front and rear) halves, and both sides of the final shaft 2 are interposed via bushes 4 and bearings 5. The axle case 1 is rotatably supported. A reduction gear 6 is fixed on one side of the final shaft 2, and power is transmitted from a transmission (not shown) (motor side).
[0008]
A final pinion 7 is formed on the outer periphery of the central portion on the final shaft 2, and a differential ring gear 12 of a differential gear device is engaged with the final pinion 7. Since the collars 10 and 11 are fitted on the final shaft 2 on both sides of the meshing portion of the final pinion 7 and the diff ring gear 12 so that the diff case is not provided, the diff ring gear 12 does not fall sideways. I have to. The differential ring gear 12 is formed into a large-diameter disk shape with a sintered member, and a tooth portion 12d is formed around it to improve moldability and wear resistance. An insertion hole 12a is opened at the center of the diff ring gear 12, and the butted portions of the ends of the axles 3L and 3R inserted into the axle case 1 from both sides are inserted into the insertion hole 12a.
[0009]
Further, a substantially square-shaped insertion hole 12b, 12b is opened at a symmetrical position outside the insertion hole 12a of the diff ring gear 12, and a differential pinion shaft 13 in which a differential pinion 14 is rotatably supported in the insertion hole 12b. It is inserted in a direction perpendicular to the axle 3. However, the differential pinion shaft 13 and the differential pinion 14 may be configured integrally so that the differential pinion shaft 13 is rotatably supported in the insertion hole 12b. Moreover, although the insertion hole 12b is two places, you may arrange | position more.
[0010]
On the other hand, the axles 3L and 3R are supported by the axle case 1 via bushes 15 and 15, the butted portions of the inner ends of the axles 3L and 3R are inserted into the insertion holes 12a, and the rings 16 and 16 are inserted outside thereof. The differential side gears 17L and 17R are spline-fitted onto the axles 3L and 3R, and the differential side gears 17L and 17R and the differential pinions 14 and 14 are constituted by bevel gears and meshed with each other. The outer side of the differential side gear 17L is supported by the axle case 1 so as not to be displaced by the retaining ring 19, the contact ring 21 and the bush 15, and the outer side of the differential side gear 17R is the collar 20 and the retaining ring 19 on the outside thereof. 21 is locked and supported by the axle case 1 by the bush 15 so that there is no displacement. In this way, the differential gear device is configured.
[0011]
The differential gear device is provided with a differential lock mechanism. The collar 20 is fitted on the axle 3R on the side portion of the differential side gear 17R, and a slider 22 constituting a sliding member is rotated on the outer periphery of the collar 20. Fits freely. A groove 22a is formed on the outer periphery of the slider 22, and a slide fork (not shown) is fitted into the groove 22a. The slide fork is connected to a differential lock operating tool provided outside the axle case. Projections (diff lock pins) 23, 23,... Extend to the side of the differential side gear 17R in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the axle 3 on the inner side surface of the slider 22, and the differential side gear is aligned with the protruding position. A through hole 17a having a diameter slightly larger than that of the differential lock pin 23 is opened in 17R, and the differential lock pin 23 is inserted into the through hole 17a. Further, fitting recesses (or through holes) 12c, 12c,... Are formed on the side surface of the diff ring gear 12 on the same radius in accordance with the protruding position and size of the diff lock pin 23, and the radial distance thereof. Is made as short as possible, the position where the force is applied is close to the axial center, and the slider 22 is made as small as possible. In addition, the number of insertion recessed parts is not limited.
[0012]
Accordingly, by operating the differential lock operating tool to slide the slider 22 and inserting the differential lock pin 23 into the fitting recess 12c, the differential side gear 17R and the differential ring gear 12 can rotate integrally, and the differential side gear No rotation occurs between the 17R and the differential pinion 14, and the left and right axles 3L and 3R can rotate integrally to be in the differential lock state.
[0013]
Next, a second embodiment of the diff ring gear 12 will be described. The components constituting the differential gear device other than the differential ring gear 12 are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the components are given the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted. As shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 5, the differential ring gear 12 ′ is provided with a quadrangular concave portion 12 e at the center of the side surface facing the differential side gear 17 R, and a quadrangular side plate 24 that matches the concave portion 12 e. Can be fitted. That is, the depth of the recess 12e and the thickness of the side plate 24 are substantially the same and have the same shape, so that they can be fitted and fixed without the need for bolts or screws. Note that the shapes of the recess 12e and the side plate 24 are not limited, and do not rotate with the rotation of the axle 3 when the side plate 24 is fitted into the recess 12e and the diff lock pin 23 is inserted into the fitting recess 24a. Any hexagon, octagon, gear, or the like may be used.
[0014]
The side plate 24 is made of a sintered member or a steel plate to reduce the manufacturing cost, and an insertion hole 24b is opened at the center of the side plate 24 in accordance with the position and size of the insertion hole 12a. .. Are fitted on the same radius in accordance with the position of the differential lock pin 23. When the side plate 24 as a separate member is fitted in the differential ring gear 12 and the slider 22 is slid by operating the differential lock operating tool, the differential lock pin 23 is inserted into the insertion recess 24a in the same manner as described above, thereby can do.
[0015]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained. In other words, since it is configured as in claim 1, the configuration is simpler than that of the conventional diff ring gear, and it can be easily manufactured, and the cost can be reduced. Further, compared with a differential gear device with a differential lock device that does not have a conventional differential case, it can be stored in a small space, can be configured compactly, and cost can be reduced.
[0016]
In addition, since it is configured as in claim 2, the side plate is a separate part, can be configured with a wear-resistant member and can be easily manufactured, and the same diff ring gear can be used without being assembled when the diff lock device is not equipped. And weight reduction.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of a differential gear device having a differential lock mechanism of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the same.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a diff ring gear of a diff gear device.
FIG. 4 is a side view of the same.
FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the same.
[Explanation of symbols]
3L / 3R axle 12 diff ring gear 12b insertion hole 12c insertion recess 14 differential pinion 17 differential side gear 22 slider 23 differential lock pin 24 side plate 24a insertion recess

Claims (2)

A differential gear device having no differential case comprising a pair of axles, a differential ring gear, a differential pinion inserted into an insertion hole provided in the differential ring gear, and a differential side gear provided on both sides of the differential ring gear and meshing with the differential pinion A plurality of insertion recesses are formed in one side surface of the differential ring gear facing the differential side gear, and a plurality of through holes are formed in a portion of the differential side gear facing the insertion recess of the differential ring gear. A sliding member having a convex portion extending in the longitudinal direction opposite to the fitting concave portion is externally disposed on the axle on the other side of the differential side gear, and the convex portion of the sliding member is disposed on the differential side gear. A differential gear device that passes through a provided through-hole and engages with the fitting recess. 2. The differential gear device according to claim 1, wherein a fitting recess on one side surface of the differential ring gear with which the convex portion of the sliding member engages is formed in a member formed separately from the differential ring gear. apparatus.

Images