JP3851106B2 - Metal surface treatment agent, metal surface treatment method and surface treatment metal material - Google Patents

Metal surface treatment agent, metal surface treatment method and surface treatment metal material Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3851106B2
JP3851106B2 JP2001133946A JP2001133946A JP3851106B2 JP 3851106 B2 JP3851106 B2 JP 3851106B2 JP 2001133946 A JP2001133946 A JP 2001133946A JP 2001133946 A JP2001133946 A JP 2001133946A JP 3851106 B2 JP3851106 B2 JP 3851106B2
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Prior art keywords
metal
surface treatment
vanadium
compound
agent
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JP2002030460A (en
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良輔 迫
圭一 上野
真由美 山本
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Nihon Parkerizing Co Ltd
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Nihon Parkerizing Co Ltd
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Priority to CN02118035A priority patent/CN1386901A/en
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、金属を素材としたシートコイル、成形品の表面に優れた耐食性及び耐アルカリ性を付与でき、かつクロムを含まない皮膜を形成させるために用いる金属表面処理剤、金属表面処理方法、表面処理された金属材料に関する。
さらに詳しくは、本発明は、亜鉛系メッキ鋼板、鋼板、アルミニウム系金属材料を素材とする自動車ボディー、自動車部品、建材、家電用部品等の成形加工品、鋳造品、シートコイル等に優れた耐食性及び耐アルカリ性を付与させる、クロムを含まない皮膜を形成させるために用いる表面処理剤、表面処理方法、表面処理された金属材料に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
亜鉛系メッキ鋼板、鋼板、アルミニウム系金属材料等の金属材料は、大気中の酸素、水分、水分中に含まれるイオン等によって酸化され腐食する。これらの腐食を防止する方法として、従来より、クロム酸クロメート、リン酸クロメート等のクロムを含有する処理液に金属材料表面を接触させてクロメート皮膜を形成させる方法がある。
これらのクロメート処理を用いて形成された皮膜は、優れた耐食性、塗装密着性を有しているが、その処理液中に有害な6価クロムを含んでおり、廃水処理に手間やコストがかかる他、処理によって形成された皮膜中にも6価クロムを含有されているので環境面、安全面から敬遠される傾向にある。
【0003】
クロムを含まないノンクロメート処理液を用いる方法としては、特開平7−278410号公報に、特定構造のフェノール樹脂系重合体と酸性化合物とを含有する金属材料表面処理用重合体組成物及び表面処理方法、特開平8−73775号公報に、互いに異種でかつ互いに反応し得る特定構造の反応性官能基を有する2種以上のシランカップリング剤を含有する耐指紋性等に優れた金属表面処理剤及び処理方法、特開平9−241576号公報に、特定構造のシランカップリング剤と特定構造のフェノール樹脂系重合体とを含有する金属表面処理剤及び処理方法、特開平10−1789号公報に、少なくとも1個の窒素原子を有するエポキシ樹脂、アクリル樹脂、ウレタン樹脂等の有機高分子と特定の多価アニオンとを含有する金属表面処理剤、処理方法及び処理金属材料、特開平10−60233号公報に、(1)特定構造のビスフェノールAエポキシ系樹脂を含有する防錆剤、(2)フェノール系樹脂とそれ以外のポリエステル等の特定の樹脂とを混合時の固形分比が4:1〜1:4になるように含有する防錆剤、(1)と(2)とを用いる処理方法及び処理金属材料が開示されている。
しかしながら、これらの特許公開公報のクロムを用いない金属表面処理においては、処理液が6価クロムを含有しない利点がある反面、形成された皮膜がクロメートに比べて耐食性が不十分である他、耐指紋性、潤滑性も不十分であるという欠点を有している。
【0004】
また、特開平10−1789号公報には、特定した多価アニオンの中にバナジン酸が記載されているが、5価のバナジウムの酸素酸であるバナジン酸は耐水性、耐アルカリ性が劣るため、処理された金属材料を、特にアルカリなどで洗浄した際、皮膜から脱落し耐食性が極端に低下するという不具合があった。また、処理後、水洗し乾燥することが記載されており、クロム廃水の問題はないが、有機物によるCOD等の廃水の問題を有している。
【0005】
この他、バナジウム化合物を防錆剤として使用する発明として、特開平1−9229号公報に、水及び酸素の存在する環境下でリン酸イオンを放出するリン酸イオン源、バナジン酸イオンを放出するバナジン酸イオン源及びフィルム形成性樹脂を含有する防錆塗料が開示され、特許第2795710号公報に、(A)水に分散させた分散液中で特定濃度のバナジン酸イオンを放出するバナジン酸イオン源と、(B)水に分散させた分散液中で特定濃度の溶解性を示す有機ホスホン酸などの特定化合物とを特定比率で配合した防錆組成物が開示されている。バナジン酸イオン源は、防錆塗料の防錆顔料として作用させるために添加され、バナジン酸イオン源を600℃以上の高温で焼成すると平均粒径数μmの顔料になる。該顔料の粒子は、ある程度の膜厚(顔料の粒径の数倍)を有する塗膜中では防食効果を発揮するが、表面処理分野における薄膜(数μm以下)中では防食効果を全く発揮できない。また、処理剤を放置した際、中でこれら粒子が凝集し沈降してしまう不具合があった。
【0006】
したがって、現状では、金属材料表面に優れた耐食性、耐アルカリ性及び耐指紋性を同時に付与し得る皮膜を形成するようなノンクロメート系の金属表面処理剤は得られていない。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は前記従来技術の抱える問題を解決するために成されたものであって、金属材料に優れた耐食性及び耐アルカリ性を付与するために用いるクロムを含まない金属表面処理剤、金属表面処理方法及び表面処理金属材料を提供することを目的とする。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は、前記課題を解決する手段について、バナジウム化合物と特定の金属化合物とを必須成分とする表面処理剤を用いて金属材料表面を処理することにより、優れた耐食性及び耐アルカリ性を有する皮膜が得られることを見い出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
すなわち本発明は、少なくとも1種のバナジウム化合物(A)と、ジルコニウム、チタニウム、モリブデン、タングステン、マンガン及びセリウムよりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の金属を含む金属化合物(B)とを含有することを特徴とする金属表面処理剤に関する。
【0009】
前記バナジウム化合物(A)において、酸化数5価のバナジウムイオンの全バナジウムに対する割合V5+/Vが0〜0.6の範囲にあることが、処理剤中でのバナジウム化合物の安定性、形成皮膜の耐食性、耐アルカリ性の向上の点から、好ましい。
また、前記金属表面処理剤に、さらに、水酸基、カルボニル基、カルボキシル基、1〜3級アミノ基、アミド基、リン酸基及びホスホン酸基よりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の官能基を有する有機化合物(C)を含有させることが、5価のバナジウム化合物を用いる場合にはこれを4価〜2価に還元し、及び/又は本発明の処理液中のバナジウム化合物の安定性を向上させるために好ましい。
【0010】
また、前記金属表面処理剤に、さらに、無機酸、有機酸及びフッ素化合物より選ばれる少なくとも1種のエッチング剤(D)を含有させることが、形成させる皮膜の密着性向上のために好ましい。
また、前記金属表面処理剤に、さらに、水溶性高分子又は/及び水系エマルション樹脂(E)含有させることが、形成させる皮膜の耐食性、耐指紋性、耐溶剤性及び表面潤滑性の向上のために好ましい。
【0011】
本発明は、また、金属材料表面を、前記したいずれかの金属表面処理剤で処理した後、前記材料の温度が50〜250℃になるように加熱乾燥することを特徴とする金属材料の表面処理方法に関する。
本発明は、さらに、前記表面処理方法を用いて形成された皮膜を有する表面処理金属材料に関する。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の金属表面処理剤中に含有させるバナジウム化合物(A)は、バナジウムの酸化数が5価、4価、3価又は2価のバナジウム化合物、例えば五酸化バナジウム(V25)、メタバナジン酸(HVO3)、メタバナジン酸アンモニウム、メタバナジン酸ナトリウム、オキシ三塩化バナジウム(VOCl3)等の酸化数5価のバナジウム化合物、三酸化バナジウム(V23)、二酸化バナジウム(VO2)、オキシ硫酸バナジウム(VOSO4)、バナジウムオキシアセチルアセトネート[VO(OC(CH3)=CHCOCH3))2]、バナジウムアセチルアセトネート[V(OC(CH3)=CHCOCH3))3]、三塩化バナジウム(VCl3)、リンバナドモリブデン酸{H15−X[PV12−xMoxO40]・nH2O(6<x<12,n<30)}、硫酸バナジウム(VSO4・7H2O)、二塩化バナジウム(VCl2)、酸化バナジウム(VO)等の酸化数4〜2価のバナジウム化合物等から選ばれる少なくとも1種である。
【0013】
本処理剤がバナジウム化合物(A)として酸化数4価以下(通常4〜2価)のバナジウム化合物を含有していることが好ましい。すなわち、酸化数5価のバナジウムイオンの全バナジウムに対する割合V5+/V(式中、V5+及びVはそれぞれ酸化数5価のバナジウム質量及び全バナジウム質量を表す)が0〜0.6の範囲にあることが好ましく、0〜0.4の範囲にあることがより好ましく、0〜0.2の範囲にあることがより一層好ましく、0〜0.1の範囲にあることがもっとも好ましい。
上記割合が0.6を超える場合には、処理剤中でのバナジウム化合物の安定性が一般に悪くなる他、形成される皮膜の耐食性、耐アルカリ性が低下してくる。
【0014】
本処理剤中に4〜2価のバナジウム化合物を含有させる方法としては、前記したような4〜2価のバナジウム化合物を用いる他、5価のバナジウム化合物を予め還元剤を用いて4〜2価に還元したものを用いることができる。用いる還元剤は無機系、有機系いずれでも良いが、有機系が好ましく、前記有機化合物(C)を用いることが特に好ましい。
【0015】
本発明の金属表面処理剤中に含有させる、ジルコニウム、チタニウム、モリブデン、タングステン、マンガン及びセリウムよりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の金属を含む金属化合物(B)は、前記金属の酸化物、水酸化物、錯化合物、無機酸もしくは有機酸との塩等である。かかる金属化合物(B)としては、例えば、硝酸ジルコニル(ZrO(NO32)、酢酸ジルコニル、硫酸ジルコニル、炭酸ジルコニルアンモニウム{(NH42[Zr(CO32(OH)2}、ジルコニウムアセテート、硫酸チタニル(TiOSO4)、チタンラクテート、ジイソプロポキシチタニウムビスアセチルアセトン{(C5722Ti[OCH(CH322}、乳酸とチタニウムアルコキシドとの反応物、モリブデン酸(H2MoO4)、モリブデン酸アンモニウム、モリブデン酸ナトリウム、モリブドリン酸化合物(例えば、モリブドリン酸アンモニウム{(NH43[PO4Mo1236]・3H2O}、モリブドリン酸ナトリウム{Na3[PO4・12MoO3]・nH2O})、メタタングステン酸{H6[H21240]}、メタタングステン酸アンモニウム{(NH46[H21240]}、メタタングステン酸ナトリウム、パラタングステン酸{H10[W124610]}、パラタングステン酸アンモニウム、パラタングステン酸ナトリウム、過マンカン酸(HMnO4)、過マンガン酸カリウム、過マンガン酸ナトリウム、リン酸二水素マンガン[Mn(H2PO42]、硝酸マンガン[Mn(NO32]、硫酸マンガン、フッ化マンガン、炭酸マンガン(MnCO3)、酢酸マンガン、酢酸セリウム[Ce(CH3CO23]、硝酸セリウム、塩化セリウム等が挙げられる。
【0016】
本発明の金属表面処理剤中に、必要に応じ、含有させる有機化合物(C)は、水酸基、カルボニル基、カルボキシル基、1〜3級アミノ基、アミド基、リン酸基及びホスホン酸基よりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の官能基を有する有機化合物である。
かかる有機化合物(C)としては、メタノール、エタノール、イソプロパノール、エチレングリコール等のアルコール類、ホルムアルデヒド、アセトアルデヒド、フルフラール、アセチルアセトン、アセト酢酸エチル、ジピバロイルメタン、3−メチルペンタンジオン等のカルボニル化合物、ギ酸、酢酸、プロピオン酸、酒石酸、アスコルビン酸、グルコン酸、クエン酸、リンゴ酸等の有機酸、トリエチルアミン、トリエタノールアミン、エチレンジアミン、ピリジン、イミダゾール、ピロール、モルホリン、ピペラジン等のアミン化合物、ホルムアミド、アセトアミド、プロピオンアミド、N−メチルプロピオンアミド等の酸アミド化合物、グリシン、アラニン、プロリン、グルタミン酸等のアミノ酸類、アミノトリ(メチレンホスホン酸)、1−ヒドロキシエチリデン−1,1´−ジホスホン酸、エチレンジアミンテトラ(メチレンホスホン酸)、フィチン酸等の有機リン酸、グルコース、マンノース、ガラクトース等の単糖類、麦芽糖、ショ糖等のオリゴ糖類、デンプン、セルロース等の天然多糖類、タンニン酸、フミン酸、リグニンスルホン酸、ポリフェノール等の芳香族化合物、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリアクリル酸、ポリアクリルアミド、ポリエチレンイミン、水溶性ナイロン等の合成高分子等が挙げられる。
これらの有機化合物の中で、前記官能基から選ばれる少なくとも1種を1分子内に2個以上含む有機化合物が好ましく、さらには前記官能基として水酸基、カルボニル基、カルボキシル基、リン酸基及びホスホン酸基から選ばれる少なくとも1種を1分子内に2個以上含む有機化合物がより好ましい。
【0017】
これらの有機化合物(C)の使用は、5価のバナジウム化合物を用いる場合にはこれを4価、3価又は2価に還元し、及び/又は本発明の処理液中のバナジウム化合物の安定性を向上させるために好ましい。
【0018】
有機化合物(C)は、予めバナジウム化合物と混合し加熱(例えば、40〜100℃で5〜120分)するなどして十分に還元反応、安定化反応を進行させた混合物として表面処理剤に配合することができるが、単純に混合した表面処理剤として金属表面に塗布した後、加熱乾燥時に還元を進行させることも可能である。
【0019】
本発明の金属表面処理剤中に、必要に応じ、含有させるエッチング剤(D)は、無機酸、有機酸及びフッ素化合物より選ばれる少なくとも1種の化合物である。
本発明の表面処理剤中に、必要に応じ、含有させるエッチング剤(D)は、無機酸、有機酸、無機酸もしくは有機酸の塩(特に、アンモニウム塩やナトリウム塩、カリウム塩等のアルカリ金属塩)、及びフッ素化合物より選ばれる少なくとも1種の化合物であり、処理剤塗布時又は加熱乾燥時に素材金属をエッチングするのに用いる。かかるエッチング剤(D)としては、リン酸、硝酸、硫酸等の無機酸もしくはその塩(特に、アンモニウム塩、ナトリウム塩、カリウム塩)、ギ酸、酢酸等の有機酸もしくはその塩(特に、アンモニウム塩、ナトリウム塩、カリウム塩)、フッ化水素酸、ホウフッ化水素酸(HBF4)、ケイフッ化水素酸(H2SiF6)、ジルコニウムフッ化水素酸(H2ZrF6)、チタンフッ化水素酸(H2TiF6)、フッ化錫(I)(SnF2)、フッ化錫(II)(SnF4)、フッ化第一鉄、フッ化第二鉄等のフッ素化合物を用いることができる。
エッチング剤(D)の使用は形成させる皮膜の密着性向上のために好ましい。
【0020】
本発明の処理剤における各構成成分の量については、バナジウム化合物(A)はバナジウム換算で1〜200g/Lが好ましく、2〜100g/Lがより好ましい。金属化合物(B)は金属換算で1〜200g/Lが好ましく、2〜100g/Lがより好ましい。また、バナジウム化合物(A)/金属化合物(B)の質量比は金属換算で1/9〜9/1が好ましく、2/8〜8/2がより好ましい。有機化合物(C)はバナジウム化合物中の酸化数5価のバナジウムの質量を1としたとき、0.05〜10が好ましく、0.1〜5がより好ましい。還元に必要な量より過剰に添加する方が、還元体の処理液中での安定性を向上させるためより好ましい。
エッチング剤(D)は1〜200g/Lが好ましく、2〜100g/Lがより好ましい。
【0021】
本発明の処理剤において、耐食性、耐指紋性、耐溶剤性及び表面潤滑性の向上を目的として、水溶性高分子又は/及び水系エマルション樹脂(E)、例えばポリアクリル酸、ポリアクリルアミド、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリエチレングリコール等の水溶性高分子、水に分散した形態のアクリル樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、ポリオレフィン樹脂、エチレン−アクリル酸共重合体樹脂、ポリアセタール樹脂、ポリブチラール樹脂等の水系エマルション樹脂を添加することができる。これらは各単独でもしくは2種以上組み合わせて用いることができる。なお、水系エマルション樹脂(E)中の樹脂は液状で分散していても固体状で分散していてもよい。水溶性高分子又は/及び水系エマルション樹脂(E)の添加量は、全不揮発成分の5〜95質量%が好ましく、10〜90質量%がより好ましい。
【0022】
本発明の処理剤において、水に分散した形態のシリカゾル、及び/又はアルミナゾル、ジルコニアゾル等の金属ゾルを加えることができる。これらを加えることにより耐食性、耐水性、耐指紋性が向上する。この場合、添加する量は、全不揮発成分の2〜80質量%が好ましく、5〜60質量%がより好ましい。
また、本発明の処理剤において、アミノシラン、エポキシシラン、メルカプトシラン等のシランカップリング剤を加えることができる。これらを加えることにより密着性、耐食性が向上する。この場合、添加する量は、全不揮発成分の5〜40質量%が好ましく、10〜30質量%がより好ましい。
【0023】
また、本発明の処理剤において、ポリエチレンワックス、ポリプロピレンワックス、マイクロクリスタリンワックス、カルナウバワックス、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン等の潤滑剤を加えることができる。これらを加えることにより滑り性、成形加工性、キズ付防止性を付与できる。この場合、添加する量は、全不揮発成分の1〜40質量%が好ましく、5〜30質量%がより好ましい。
なお本発明において全不揮発成分とは表面処理剤を110℃で2時間加熱乾燥した後に残存する成分をいうものとする。
【0024】
本発明の表面処理剤で用いる溶媒は水を主体とするが、皮膜の乾燥性の改善など必要に応じてアルコール、ケトン、セロソルブ系の水溶性有機溶剤の併用を妨げるものではない。
この他に、界面活性剤、消泡剤、レベリング剤、防菌防ばい剤、着色剤などを本発明の趣旨や皮膜性能を損なわない範囲で添加し得る。
【0025】
次に本発明の表面処理方法について述べる。
本処理の前工程については特に制限はないが、通常は、本処理を行う前に素材に付着した油分、汚れを取り除くためにアルカリ脱脂剤、又は酸性脱脂剤で洗浄するか、湯洗、溶剤洗浄等を行う。その後、必要に応じて酸、アルカリなどによる表面調整を行う。素材表面の洗浄においては、洗浄剤が素材表面になるべく残留しないように洗浄後に水洗することが好ましい。
【0026】
本処理方法については、本発明の表面処理剤を金属素材の表面に塗布した後、50〜250℃で加熱乾燥できれば良く、塗布方法、乾燥方法などについては特に制限はない。
通常は素材表面に処理剤をロール転写させて塗り付けるロールコート法、或いはシャワーリンガー等によって流し掛けた後ロールで絞る方法、処理液中に素材を浸漬する方法、素材に処理剤をスプレーする方法が用いられる。処理液の温度は、特に限定するものではないが、本処理剤の溶媒は水が主体であるため、処理温度は0〜60℃が好ましく、5〜40℃がより好ましい。
【0027】
乾燥工程は、必ずしも熱を必要とせず風乾、もしくはエアーブロー等の物理的除去でも構わないが、皮膜形成性、密着性を向上させるために加熱乾燥しても良い。その場合の温度は、50〜250℃が好ましく、60〜220℃がより好ましい。
【0028】
形成される皮膜の付着量は乾燥膜厚で0.005〜1.5μmが好ましく、0.01〜1.0μmがより好ましい。0.005μm未満では十分な耐食性、上塗りとの密着性が得られず、1.5μmを超えると皮膜にクラックなどが生じ皮膜自体の密着性が低下する恐れがある。
【0029】
本発明の表面処理剤から形成される皮膜上に、乾燥膜厚が0.3〜3.0μmになるように有機高分子皮膜を設けることにより、被処理金属材料の耐食性及び耐アルカリ性が向上する他、耐指紋性、耐溶剤性及び表面潤滑性を付与することができる。
【0030】
このような有機高分子皮膜を設ける方法としては、水溶性又は水分散性の有機高分子を主成分とする上塗り処理剤(Z)を塗布し、素材の到達温度が50〜250℃で加熱乾燥する方法が望ましい。上塗り処理剤(Z)に用いる水溶性又は水分散性の有機高分子は、付加重合性不飽和モノマーを重合して得られるアクリル系樹脂、ポリオレフィン系樹脂、縮合反応によって得られるエポキシ系樹脂、ウレタン系樹脂、ポリエステル系樹脂、ポリアミド系樹脂、フェノール系樹脂等であり、前記有機高分子のガラス転移点は0〜120℃であることが好ましく、10〜100℃であることがより好ましい。0℃未満では皮膜の強度、硬度が乏しく、120℃を超えると造膜性が劣り密着性が劣る。
【0031】
前記上塗り処理剤は、これらの有機高分子から選ばれる少なくとも1種を含有し、その他、皮膜の強靭性や耐指紋性を向上させるために、水分散性シリカを含有させることが望ましく、さらに潤滑性を向上させるために水系ワックスを添加することが望ましい。これらの成分の含有量は、全不揮発分を100質量部としたとき、不揮発分で、有機高分子を50〜100質量部、水分散性シリカを0〜40質量部、水系ワックスを0〜30質量部が好ましい。また、有機高分子を架橋し得る架橋剤を含有させることができる。
【0032】
【作用】
本発明の表面処理剤は、素材金属に塗布され、加熱乾燥される際に、素材金属表面と反応し。緻密な不動態皮膜を形成する。
本発明の表面処理剤によって形成された皮膜が優れた耐食性を示すのは、皮膜の持つ酸素、水分、イオンの透過を遮るバリヤー効果の他、腐食電子を非局在化する効果(電位の平滑化)によるものと考えられる。本発明で特定したバナジウム化合物(A)において、5価のバナジウム化合物は酸素と結合した多価アニオンとして存在し、耐水性、耐アルカリ性が劣るため、十分な性能を得ることができないが、還元された4価のバナジウム化合物、3価のバナジウム化合物及び2価のバナジウム化合物の少なくとも1種を含有する処理剤を用いて形成された皮膜は、耐水性、耐アルカリ性が向上すると考えられる。また、用いる有機化合物(C)は、5価バナジウム化合物を還元すると同時に水溶液中で還元された4価、3価及び2価の少なくとも1種の原子価のバナジウムを水溶液中でキレート安定化する作用があると考えられる。
本発明の皮膜上に有機高分子を主とした上塗り皮膜を施すと、上塗り皮膜のバリヤー効果との相乗効果により耐食性が一層高くなる。
【0033】
【実施例】
次に実施例及び比較例によって本発明を説明するが、本実施例は単なる一例に過ぎず、本発明を限定するものではない。実施例、比較例において作製した処理板試料についての評価方法は次の通りである。
1.素材
a:電気亜鉛メッキ鋼板(板厚:0.8mm)
b:溶融亜鉛メッキ鋼板(板厚:0.8mm)
c:55%アルミ亜鉛メッキ鋼板(板厚:0.5mm)
【0034】
2.本発明処理液
(1)処理液成分
使用したバナジウム化合物(A)を以下に記す。
A1:メタバナジン酸アンモニウム
A2:五酸化バナジウム
A3:三酸化バナジウム
A4:バナジウムオキシアセチルアセトネート
使用した金属化合物(B)を以下に記す。
B1:モリブデン酸アンモニウム
B2:メタタングステン酸アンモニウム
B3:炭酸ジルコニウムアンモニウム
B4:フルオロチタン酸
B5:炭酸マンガン
【0035】
使用した有機化合物(C)を以下に記す。
C1:L−アスコルビン酸
C2:D−グルコース
C3:グリオキザール
C4:クエン酸
使用したエッチング剤(D)を以下に記す。
D1:HF
D2:H2ZrF6
D3:CH3COOH
D4:H2SiF6
D5:(NH42HPO4
【0036】
使用した水溶性高分子又は/及び水系エマルション樹脂(E)を以下に示す。
E1:水系ポリウレタン樹脂(第一工業製薬(株)製、スーパーフレックス100)
E2:水系エチレン−アクリル酸共重合体樹脂(エチレン/アクリル酸=80/20*、平均分子量約2万)
E3:水系エポキシ樹脂(旭電化工業(株)製、アデカレジンEPEA−0434)
E4:水系アクリル樹脂(ブチルアクリレート/メチルメタクリレート/2−ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート/アクリル酸/グリシジルメタクリレート/スチレン=50/20/5/8/2/15)*
*数値はモル%
【0037】
(2)処理液の調製
実施例1〜7及び比較例1〜2の場合
バナジウム化合物(A)と金属化合物(B)とエッチング剤(D)と脱イオン水とを混合し、50℃で1時間加温した。
実施例8〜16及び比較例3の場合
有機化合物(C)の5%水溶液にバナジウム化合物(A)を混合した後、80〜100℃で30分加温し、室温まで冷却し、金属化合物(B)ついでエッチング剤(D)を加え、最後に脱イオン水を加えて所定の濃度に調整した。
実施例17〜21及び比較例4の場合
有機化合物(C)の5%水溶液にバナジウム化合物(A)を混合した後、80〜100℃で30分加温し、室温まで冷却し、金属化合物(B)、エッチング剤(D)ついで水溶性高分子又は/及び水系エマルション樹脂(E)を加え、最後に脱イオン水を加えて所定の濃度に調整した。
【0038】
3.上塗り処理液
使用した上塗り処理剤(Z)と処理方法を以下に記す。
Z1:水系ポリウレタン(第一工業製薬(株)製、スーパーフレックス100)を固形分で100質量部、水系シリカ(日産化学(株)製、スノーテックスC)をシリカ換算で20質量部、水系ワックス(三井化学(株)製、ケミパールW900)を固形分で10質量部からなる不揮発分10%の水系処理液。
Z2:エチレン−アクリル酸共重合物(エチレン/アクリル酸=80/20、平均分子量約2万)のアンモニア中和水系ポリマーを、固形分換算で100質量部、水分散性シリカをシリカ換算で10質量部からなる不揮発性分20%の水系処理液。
【0039】
4.処理方法
(1)脱脂
日本パーカライジング(株)製アルカリ脱脂剤パルクリーン364S
(20g/L建浴、60℃、10秒スプレー、スプレー圧50kPa)で素材を脱脂した後、スプレー水洗を10秒行った。
(2)本発明処理液の塗布及び乾燥
I:処理液をバーコーター#3で塗布し、熱風循環型オーブンを用いて板温80℃で乾燥した。
II:処理液をバーコーター#3で塗布し、熱風循環型オーブンを用いて板温120℃で乾燥した。
【0040】
(3)上塗り処理液の塗布及び乾燥
本発明の処理液、処理方法を用いて形成された皮膜上に、前記上塗り処理液を乾燥膜厚が約1μmになるようにバーコート塗布し、板温100℃で加熱乾燥した。
【0041】
5.評価方法
(1)耐食性
塩水噴霧試験法JIS−Z−2371に基づき塩水噴霧72時間後、120時間後の白錆発生面積を求め評価した。
評価基準:白錆発生面積 ◎10%未満、○10%以上30%未満、△30%以上60%未満、×60%以上
(2)耐アルカリ性
処理板に、日本パーカライジング(株)製アルカリ脱脂剤パルクリーン364Sを20g/Lに建浴し60℃に調整した脱脂剤水溶液を30秒間スプレーし、水洗した後、80℃で乾燥した。この板について、上記(1)に記載した条件、評価法で耐食性を評価した。
【0042】
(3)耐指紋性
処理板表面に指を押し付け、指紋の痕跡状態を肉眼で観察し評価した。
評価基準:◎痕跡が全くない、○極僅かに痕跡がある、△痕跡がある、×明確に痕跡が残る
(4)耐溶剤性
エタノールをしみ込ませたガーゼをシリコンゴム製の立方体(1cm角)に巻いて、試験面を50,000kPaで10往復ラビングした。
評価基準:◎ほとんど皮膜剥離無し、○僅かに皮膜剥離有り、
△一部皮膜剥がれ有り、×全面的に皮膜が剥離し素地が見える
【0043】
実施例及び比較例の処理液内容及び処理方法を表1、表2及び表3に、処理板の評価結果を表4及び表5に示した。表4より、特定のバナジウム化合物(A)と特定の金属化合物(B)を含有する本発明の処理剤(実施例1〜16)から形成された皮膜は、優れた耐食性及び耐アルカリ性を示すことが分かる。これに比べ、バナジウム化合物(A)または金属化合物(B)を含まない比較例1〜3では耐食性及び耐アルカリ性が劣っていた。
表5より、実施例17〜21、及び実施例1〜11の皮膜上に上塗り樹脂皮膜(Z1又はZ2)を施したもの(実施例22〜32)の耐食性及び耐アルカリ性は優れており、また耐指紋性、耐溶剤性も優れていることが分かる。これに比べ、バナジウム化合物(A)又は金属化合物(B)を含まない比較例4〜7では耐食性及び耐アルカリ性が劣っており、耐溶剤性も劣っていた。
【0044】
【表1】

Figure 0003851106
【0045】
【表2】
Figure 0003851106
【0046】
【表3】
Figure 0003851106
【0047】
実施例22 実施例1で形成した皮膜上に上塗り処理剤Z1による処理を行った。
実施例23 実施例2で形成した皮膜上に上塗り処理剤Z1による処理を行った。
実施例24 実施例3で形成した皮膜上に上塗り処理剤Z1による処理を行った。
実施例25 実施例4で形成した皮膜上に上塗り処理剤Z2による処理を行った。
実施例26 実施例5で形成した皮膜上に上塗り処理剤Z1による処理を行った。
実施例27 実施例6で形成した皮膜上に上塗り処理剤Z2による処理を行った。
実施例28 実施例7で形成した皮膜上に上塗り処理剤Z1による処理を行った。
実施例29 実施例8で形成した皮膜上に上塗り処理剤Z2による処理を行った。
実施例30 実施例9で形成した皮膜上に上塗り処理剤Z1による処理を行った。
実施例31 実施例10で形成した皮膜上に上塗り処理剤Z2による処理を行った。
実施例32 実施例11で形成した皮膜上に上塗り処理剤Z2による処理を行った。
【0048】
比較例5 比較例1で形成した皮膜上に上塗り処理剤Z1による処理を行った。
比較例6 比較例2で形成した皮膜上に上塗り処理剤Z1による処理を行った。
比較例7 比較例3で形成した皮膜上に上塗り処理剤Z2による処理を行った。
【0049】
【表4】
Figure 0003851106
【0050】
【表5】
Figure 0003851106
【0051】
【発明の効果】
本発明の処理剤は有害なクロム化合物を含まないノンクロメートタイプであり、本表面処理剤から形成される皮膜は、従来のクロメート皮膜と同等又はそれ以上の耐食性を有しており、本発明の表面処理剤、表面処理方法及び表面処理金属材料は産業上の利用価値が極めて大きいものである。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a metal surface treatment agent, a metal surface treatment method, and a surface that can be used to form a film that does not contain chromium, and can impart excellent corrosion resistance and alkali resistance to the surface of a sheet coil made of metal. The treated metal material.
More specifically, the present invention is excellent in corrosion resistance in molded products such as automobile bodies, automobile parts, building materials, parts for home appliances, castings, sheet coils, etc. made of zinc-based plated steel sheets, steel sheets, and aluminum-based metal materials. Further, the present invention relates to a surface treatment agent, a surface treatment method, and a surface-treated metal material used to form a chromium-free film that imparts alkali resistance.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Metal materials such as galvanized steel sheets, steel sheets, and aluminum-based metal materials are oxidized and corroded by oxygen in the atmosphere, moisture, ions contained in the moisture, and the like. As a method for preventing such corrosion, conventionally, there is a method of forming a chromate film by bringing a metal material surface into contact with a treatment liquid containing chromium such as chromate chromate and phosphate chromate.
Films formed using these chromate treatments have excellent corrosion resistance and paint adhesion, but contain harmful hexavalent chromium in the treatment liquid, which requires labor and cost for wastewater treatment. In addition, since the film formed by the treatment contains hexavalent chromium, it tends to be avoided from the environmental and safety aspects.
[0003]
As a method of using a non-chromate treatment liquid not containing chromium, JP-A-7-278410 discloses a polymer composition for surface treatment of a metal material containing a phenol resin polymer having a specific structure and an acidic compound, and a surface treatment. Method, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-73775 discloses a metal surface treatment agent having excellent fingerprint resistance and the like containing two or more silane coupling agents having reactive functional groups having different specific structures and capable of reacting with each other And a treatment method, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-241576, a metal surface treatment agent containing a silane coupling agent having a specific structure and a phenol resin polymer having a specific structure and a treatment method, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-1789, Metal surface treatment containing an organic polymer such as epoxy resin, acrylic resin, urethane resin having at least one nitrogen atom and a specific polyvalent anion. Agent, treatment method and treatment metal material, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-60233, (1) Rust preventive agent containing bisphenol A epoxy resin having a specific structure, (2) Identification of phenol resin and other polyesters, etc. A processing method and a processing metal material using a rust preventive agent (1) and (2) containing the above resin so that the solid content ratio upon mixing is 4: 1 to 1: 4 are disclosed.
However, in these metal surface treatments that do not use chromium in the patent publications, there is an advantage that the treatment liquid does not contain hexavalent chromium. On the other hand, the formed film has insufficient corrosion resistance compared to chromate. It has a drawback that the fingerprint property and lubricity are insufficient.
[0004]
JP-A-10-1789 discloses vanadic acid among the specified polyvalent anions, but vanadic acid, which is an oxygen acid of pentavalent vanadium, is inferior in water resistance and alkali resistance. In particular, when the treated metal material was washed with an alkali or the like, there was a problem that it dropped out of the film and the corrosion resistance was extremely lowered. Moreover, although it describes that it wash | cleans and dries after a process and there is no problem of chromium wastewater, it has the problem of wastewater, such as COD by an organic substance.
[0005]
In addition, as an invention that uses a vanadium compound as a rust inhibitor, JP-A-1-9229 discloses a phosphate ion source that releases phosphate ions in an environment where water and oxygen are present, and vanadate ions are released. An anticorrosive paint containing a vanadate ion source and a film-forming resin is disclosed, and Japanese Patent No. 2795710 discloses (A) vanadate ions that release a specific concentration of vanadate ions in a dispersion dispersed in water. A rust preventive composition is disclosed in which a source and (B) a specific compound such as organic phosphonic acid exhibiting a specific concentration of solubility in a dispersion dispersed in water are blended in a specific ratio. The vanadate ion source is added to act as a rust preventive pigment of the rust preventive paint, and when the vanadate ion source is baked at a high temperature of 600 ° C. or higher, it becomes a pigment having an average particle diameter of several μm. The pigment particles exhibit an anticorrosion effect in a coating film having a certain film thickness (several times the particle diameter of the pigment), but cannot exhibit an anticorrosion effect at all in a thin film (several μm or less) in the surface treatment field. . Further, when the treatment agent is left, there is a problem that these particles aggregate and settle.
[0006]
Therefore, at present, no non-chromate metal surface treatment agent that forms a film capable of simultaneously imparting excellent corrosion resistance, alkali resistance and fingerprint resistance to the metal material surface has not been obtained.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and contains a chromium-free metal surface treatment agent and a metal surface treatment method used for imparting excellent corrosion resistance and alkali resistance to a metal material. And it aims at providing a surface treatment metal material.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor treats a metal material surface with a surface treatment agent containing a vanadium compound and a specific metal compound as essential components, thereby providing a film having excellent corrosion resistance and alkali resistance. And the present invention has been completed.
That is, the present invention contains at least one vanadium compound (A) and a metal compound (B) containing at least one metal selected from the group consisting of zirconium, titanium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese and cerium. The present invention relates to a metal surface treatment agent.
[0009]
In the vanadium compound (A), the ratio V of the pentavalent oxide vanadium ion to the total vanadium V5+It is preferable that / V is in the range of 0 to 0.6 from the viewpoint of improving the stability of the vanadium compound in the treatment agent, the corrosion resistance of the formed film, and the alkali resistance.
The metal surface treatment agent further has at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a carbonyl group, a carboxyl group, a primary to tertiary amino group, an amide group, a phosphoric acid group, and a phosphonic acid group. When the pentavalent vanadium compound is used, the inclusion of the organic compound (C) reduces the tetravalent to divalent and / or improves the stability of the vanadium compound in the treatment liquid of the present invention. Therefore, it is preferable.
[0010]
Moreover, it is preferable for the metal surface treatment agent to further contain at least one etching agent (D) selected from an inorganic acid, an organic acid and a fluorine compound in order to improve the adhesion of the film to be formed.
Further, when the metal surface treatment agent further contains a water-soluble polymer or / and an aqueous emulsion resin (E), the corrosion resistance, fingerprint resistance, solvent resistance and surface lubricity of the film to be formed are improved. Is preferred.
[0011]
According to the present invention, the surface of the metal material is characterized in that after the metal material surface is treated with any of the above-described metal surface treatment agents, the material is heated and dried so that the temperature of the material becomes 50 to 250 ° C. It relates to the processing method.
The present invention further relates to a surface-treated metal material having a film formed by using the surface treatment method.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The vanadium compound (A) contained in the metal surface treatment agent of the present invention has a vanadium oxidation number of pentavalent, tetravalent, trivalent or divalent vanadium compounds such as vanadium pentoxide (V2OFive), Metavanadic acid (HVO)Three), Ammonium metavanadate, sodium metavanadate, vanadium oxytrichloride (VOCl)Three) And the like, and vanadium trioxide (V2OThree), Vanadium dioxide (VO)2), Vanadium oxysulfate (VOSO)Four), Vanadium oxyacetylacetonate [VO (OC (CHThree) = CHCOCHThree))2], Vanadium acetylacetonate [V (OC (CHThree) = CHCOCHThree))Three], Vanadium trichloride (VClThree), Phosphovanadmolybdic acid {H15-X [PV12-XMoxO40] NH2O (6 <x <12, n <30)}, vanadium sulfate (VSOFour・ 7H2O), vanadium dichloride (VCl2), At least one kind selected from vanadium oxides having 4 to 2 oxidation numbers such as vanadium oxide (VO).
[0013]
The treatment agent preferably contains a vanadium compound having an oxidation number of 4 or less (usually 4 to 2) as the vanadium compound (A). That is, the ratio V of the pentavalent vanadium ion to the total vanadium V5+/ V (where V5+And V each represents a mass of vanadium having an oxidation number of 5 and a mass of total vanadium), preferably in the range of 0 to 0.6, more preferably in the range of 0 to 0.4, and 0 to 0.0. More preferably, it is in the range of 2, and most preferably in the range of 0 to 0.1.
When the ratio exceeds 0.6, the stability of the vanadium compound in the treatment agent is generally deteriorated, and the corrosion resistance and alkali resistance of the formed film are lowered.
[0014]
As a method for incorporating a tetravalent or divalent vanadium compound into the present treating agent, a tetravalent or bivalent vanadium compound as described above is used, or a pentavalent vanadium compound is previously converted into a tetravalent or bivalent value using a reducing agent. What was reduced to can be used. The reducing agent to be used may be either inorganic or organic, but is preferably organic, and particularly preferably the organic compound (C).
[0015]
The metal compound (B) containing at least one metal selected from the group consisting of zirconium, titanium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese and cerium, contained in the metal surface treating agent of the present invention is an oxide of the metal, water Oxides, complex compounds, salts with inorganic acids or organic acids, and the like. Examples of the metal compound (B) include zirconyl nitrate (ZrO (NOThree)2), Zirconyl acetate, zirconyl sulfate, zirconyl ammonium carbonate {(NHFour)2[Zr (COThree)2(OH)2}, Zirconium acetate, titanyl sulfate (TiOSOFour), Titanium lactate, diisopropoxytitanium bisacetylacetone {(CFiveH7O2)2Ti [OCH (CHThree)2]2}, A reaction product of lactic acid and titanium alkoxide, molybdic acid (H2MoOFour), Ammonium molybdate, sodium molybdate, molybdophosphoric acid compounds (e.g. ammonium molybdophosphate {(NHFour)Three[POFourMo12O36] 3H2O}, sodium molybdophosphate {NaThree[POFour・ 12MoOThree] NH2O}), metatungstic acid {H6[H2W12O40]}, Ammonium metatungstate {(NHFour)6[H2W12O40], Sodium metatungstate, paratungstic acid {HTen[W12O46HTen]}, Ammonium paratungstate, sodium paratungstate, permancanic acid (HMnOFour), Potassium permanganate, sodium permanganate, manganese dihydrogen phosphate [Mn (H2POFour)2], Manganese nitrate [Mn (NOThree)2], Manganese sulfate, manganese fluoride, manganese carbonate (MnCOThree), Manganese acetate, cerium acetate [Ce (CHThreeCO2)Three], Cerium nitrate, cerium chloride and the like.
[0016]
The organic compound (C) to be included in the metal surface treatment agent of the present invention, if necessary, comprises a hydroxyl group, a carbonyl group, a carboxyl group, a primary to tertiary amino group, an amide group, a phosphate group, and a phosphonic acid group. An organic compound having at least one functional group selected from the group.
Examples of the organic compound (C) include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and ethylene glycol, carbonyl compounds such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, furfural, acetylacetone, ethyl acetoacetate, dipivaloylmethane, and 3-methylpentanedione. Organic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, tartaric acid, ascorbic acid, gluconic acid, citric acid, malic acid, amine compounds such as triethylamine, triethanolamine, ethylenediamine, pyridine, imidazole, pyrrole, morpholine, piperazine, formamide, acetamide , Acid amide compounds such as propionamide and N-methylpropionamide, amino acids such as glycine, alanine, proline and glutamic acid, aminotri (methylenephosphonic acid) , 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1′-diphosphonic acid, ethylenediaminetetra (methylenephosphonic acid), organic phosphates such as phytic acid, monosaccharides such as glucose, mannose and galactose, oligosaccharides such as maltose and sucrose, starch , Natural polysaccharides such as cellulose, aromatic compounds such as tannic acid, humic acid, lignin sulfonic acid, polyphenol, synthetic polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylamide, polyethyleneimine, water-soluble nylon, etc. Is mentioned.
Among these organic compounds, organic compounds containing at least one selected from the above functional groups in two or more in one molecule are preferable. Further, as the above functional groups, a hydroxyl group, a carbonyl group, a carboxyl group, a phosphate group, and a phosphonic group are preferable. An organic compound containing at least two selected from acid groups in one molecule is more preferable.
[0017]
When these organic compounds (C) are used, when a pentavalent vanadium compound is used, it is reduced to tetravalent, trivalent or divalent and / or the stability of the vanadium compound in the treatment liquid of the present invention. It is preferable for improving.
[0018]
The organic compound (C) is premixed with the vanadium compound and heated (for example, at 40 to 100 ° C. for 5 to 120 minutes), etc., and blended with the surface treatment agent as a mixture in which the reduction reaction and the stabilization reaction have sufficiently progressed. However, it is possible to allow the reduction to proceed at the time of heat-drying after simply applying to the metal surface as a mixed surface treatment agent.
[0019]
The etching agent (D) to be contained in the metal surface treatment agent of the present invention as required is at least one compound selected from inorganic acids, organic acids and fluorine compounds.
The etching agent (D) contained in the surface treatment agent of the present invention, if necessary, is an inorganic acid, an organic acid, an inorganic acid or a salt of an organic acid (in particular, an alkali metal such as an ammonium salt, a sodium salt, or a potassium salt). Salt) and at least one compound selected from fluorine compounds, and is used for etching a material metal at the time of applying a treatment agent or heat drying. Examples of the etching agent (D) include inorganic acids such as phosphoric acid, nitric acid and sulfuric acid or salts thereof (particularly ammonium salts, sodium salts and potassium salts), organic acids such as formic acid and acetic acid or salts thereof (particularly ammonium salts). , Sodium salt, potassium salt), hydrofluoric acid, borohydrofluoric acid (HBF)Four), Silicohydrofluoric acid (H2SiF6), Zirconium hydrofluoric acid (H2ZrF6), Titanium hydrofluoric acid (H2TiF6), Tin (I) fluoride (SnF)2), Tin (II) fluoride (SnF)Four), Fluorine compounds such as ferrous fluoride and ferric fluoride can be used.
The use of the etching agent (D) is preferable for improving the adhesion of the film to be formed.
[0020]
About the quantity of each structural component in the processing agent of this invention, 1-200 g / L is preferable in vanadium conversion, and 2-100 g / L is more preferable. The metal compound (B) is preferably 1 to 200 g / L, more preferably 2 to 100 g / L in terms of metal. The mass ratio of vanadium compound (A) / metal compound (B) is preferably from 1/9 to 9/1, more preferably from 2/8 to 8/2, in terms of metal. The organic compound (C) is preferably from 0.05 to 10, more preferably from 0.1 to 5, when the mass of pentavalent vanadium in the vanadium compound is 1. It is more preferable to add in excess than the amount necessary for the reduction because the stability of the reductant in the treatment liquid is improved.
The etching agent (D) is preferably 1 to 200 g / L, more preferably 2 to 100 g / L.
[0021]
In the treatment agent of the present invention, a water-soluble polymer and / or an aqueous emulsion resin (E), such as polyacrylic acid, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, for the purpose of improving corrosion resistance, fingerprint resistance, solvent resistance and surface lubricity. , Water-soluble polymers such as polyethylene glycol, acrylic resin dispersed in water, urethane resin, epoxy resin, polyester resin, polyamide resin, polyolefin resin, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer resin, polyacetal resin, polybutyral resin, etc. An aqueous emulsion resin can be added. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more. The resin in the aqueous emulsion resin (E) may be dispersed in a liquid state or in a solid state. The amount of the water-soluble polymer and / or water-based emulsion resin (E) added is preferably 5 to 95% by mass, more preferably 10 to 90% by mass, based on all nonvolatile components.
[0022]
In the treatment agent of the present invention, silica sol dispersed in water and / or metal sol such as alumina sol and zirconia sol can be added. By adding these, the corrosion resistance, water resistance, and fingerprint resistance are improved. In this case, the amount to be added is preferably 2 to 80% by mass, and more preferably 5 to 60% by mass of the total nonvolatile components.
In the treatment agent of the present invention, a silane coupling agent such as amino silane, epoxy silane, or mercapto silane can be added. By adding these, adhesion and corrosion resistance are improved. In this case, the amount to be added is preferably 5 to 40% by mass, and more preferably 10 to 30% by mass of the total nonvolatile components.
[0023]
In the treatment agent of the present invention, a lubricant such as polyethylene wax, polypropylene wax, microcrystalline wax, carnauba wax, polytetrafluoroethylene and the like can be added. By adding these, slipperiness, moldability, and scratch resistance can be imparted. In this case, the amount to be added is preferably 1 to 40% by mass, and more preferably 5 to 30% by mass of the total nonvolatile components.
In the present invention, the total non-volatile component means a component remaining after the surface treatment agent is heated and dried at 110 ° C. for 2 hours.
[0024]
Although the solvent used in the surface treating agent of the present invention is mainly water, it does not hinder the combined use of alcohol, ketone and cellosolve-based water-soluble organic solvents as necessary, such as improvement of the drying property of the film.
In addition, surfactants, antifoaming agents, leveling agents, antibacterial and antifungal agents, coloring agents, and the like can be added within a range that does not impair the gist and film performance of the present invention.
[0025]
Next, the surface treatment method of the present invention will be described.
There are no particular restrictions on the pre-treatment of this treatment, but usually the oil or dirt adhering to the material is removed before the treatment by washing with an alkaline or acidic degreasing agent, hot water washing, solvent Perform cleaning. Thereafter, surface adjustment with acid, alkali or the like is performed as necessary. In cleaning the surface of the material, it is preferable to wash with water after cleaning so that the cleaning agent does not remain on the surface of the material as much as possible.
[0026]
About this processing method, after apply | coating the surface treating agent of this invention to the surface of a metal raw material, it should just be heat-dried at 50-250 degreeC, and there is no restriction | limiting in particular about an application method, a drying method, etc.
Usually, there is a roll coating method in which a treatment agent is roll-transferred and applied to the surface of the material, or a method of squeezing with a roll after pouring with a shower ringer, a method of immersing the material in a treatment liquid, and a method of spraying a treatment agent on the material. Used. Although the temperature of a process liquid is not specifically limited, Since the solvent of this processing agent is mainly water, process temperature is preferable 0-60 degreeC, and 5-40 degreeC is more preferable.
[0027]
The drying step does not necessarily require heat and may be air-dried or physically removed by air blow or the like, but may be heat-dried to improve film formation and adhesion. The temperature in that case is preferably 50 to 250 ° C, more preferably 60 to 220 ° C.
[0028]
The amount of the film formed is preferably 0.005 to 1.5 μm, more preferably 0.01 to 1.0 μm in terms of dry film thickness. If it is less than 0.005 μm, sufficient corrosion resistance and adhesion with the top coat cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 1.5 μm, cracks and the like may occur in the film, which may reduce the adhesion of the film itself.
[0029]
By providing an organic polymer film on the film formed from the surface treating agent of the present invention so that the dry film thickness is 0.3 to 3.0 μm, the corrosion resistance and alkali resistance of the metal material to be treated are improved. In addition, fingerprint resistance, solvent resistance and surface lubricity can be imparted.
[0030]
As a method for providing such an organic polymer film, a top coating agent (Z) mainly composed of a water-soluble or water-dispersible organic polymer is applied, and the material is heated and dried at a temperature of 50 to 250 ° C. The method to do is desirable. Water-soluble or water-dispersible organic polymers used for the topcoat treatment agent (Z) are acrylic resins obtained by polymerizing addition polymerizable unsaturated monomers, polyolefin resins, epoxy resins obtained by condensation reaction, urethane Resin, polyester resin, polyamide resin, phenol resin and the like, and the glass transition point of the organic polymer is preferably 0 to 120 ° C, more preferably 10 to 100 ° C. If it is less than 0 ° C., the strength and hardness of the film are poor, and if it exceeds 120 ° C., the film forming property is poor and the adhesion is poor.
[0031]
The topcoat treatment agent contains at least one selected from these organic polymers, and it is desirable to contain water-dispersible silica in order to improve the toughness and fingerprint resistance of the film. In order to improve the properties, it is desirable to add an aqueous wax. The content of these components is 50 to 100 parts by mass of organic polymer, 0 to 40 parts by mass of water-dispersible silica, and 0 to 30 of water-based wax when the total nonvolatile content is 100 parts by mass. Part by mass is preferred. Moreover, the crosslinking agent which can bridge | crosslink organic polymer can be contained.
[0032]
[Action]
The surface treatment agent of the present invention reacts with the surface of the material metal when it is applied to the material metal and dried by heating. Forms a dense passive film.
The film formed by the surface treating agent of the present invention exhibits excellent corrosion resistance because of the barrier effect that blocks the permeation of oxygen, moisture, and ions of the film, as well as the effect of delocalizing corrosion electrons (potential smoothing). It is thought to be due to In the vanadium compound (A) specified in the present invention, the pentavalent vanadium compound exists as a polyvalent anion bonded to oxygen and has poor water resistance and alkali resistance, so that sufficient performance cannot be obtained, but it is reduced. It is considered that a film formed using a treatment agent containing at least one of a tetravalent vanadium compound, a trivalent vanadium compound and a divalent vanadium compound has improved water resistance and alkali resistance. In addition, the organic compound (C) used is an agent that reduces the pentavalent vanadium compound and simultaneously chelate-stabilizes the vanadium of at least one kind of tetravalent, trivalent and divalent reduced in the aqueous solution in the aqueous solution. It is thought that there is.
When an overcoating film mainly composed of an organic polymer is applied on the film of the present invention, the corrosion resistance is further enhanced by a synergistic effect with the barrier effect of the overcoating film.
[0033]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Next, although an Example and a comparative example demonstrate this invention, a present Example is only a mere example and does not limit this invention. The evaluation method for the treated plate samples produced in the examples and comparative examples is as follows.
1. Material
a: Electrogalvanized steel sheet (thickness: 0.8 mm)
b: Hot-dip galvanized steel sheet (thickness: 0.8 mm)
c: 55% aluminum galvanized steel sheet (thickness: 0.5 mm)
[0034]
2. Treatment liquid of the present invention
(1) Treatment liquid components
The vanadium compound (A) used is described below.
A1: Ammonium metavanadate
A2: Vanadium pentoxide
A3: Vanadium trioxide
A4: Vanadium oxyacetylacetonate
The metal compound (B) used is described below.
B1: Ammonium molybdate
B2: Ammonium metatungstate
B3: Ammonium zirconium carbonate
B4: Fluorotitanic acid
B5: Manganese carbonate
[0035]
The organic compound (C) used is described below.
C1: L-ascorbic acid
C2: D-glucose
C3: Glyoxal
C4: Citric acid
The etching agent (D) used is described below.
D1: HF
D2: H2ZrF6
D3: CHThreeCOOH
D4: H2SiF6
D5: (NHFour)2HPOFour
[0036]
The water-soluble polymer and / or aqueous emulsion resin (E) used is shown below.
E1: Water-based polyurethane resin (Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd., Superflex 100)
E2: Water-based ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer resin (ethylene / acrylic acid = 80/20 *, average molecular weight of about 20,000)
E3: Water-based epoxy resin (Asahi Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd., Adeka Resin EPEA-0434)
E4: Water-based acrylic resin (butyl acrylate / methyl methacrylate / 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate / acrylic acid / glycidyl methacrylate / styrene = 50/20/5/8/2/15) *
* Figures are mol%
[0037]
(2) Preparation of processing solution
In the case of Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-2
Vanadium compound (A), metal compound (B), etching agent (D) and deionized water were mixed and heated at 50 ° C. for 1 hour.
In the case of Examples 8 to 16 and Comparative Example 3
After the vanadium compound (A) was mixed with a 5% aqueous solution of the organic compound (C), the mixture was heated at 80 to 100 ° C. for 30 minutes, cooled to room temperature, the metal compound (B) and then the etching agent (D) were added, Finally, deionized water was added to adjust to a predetermined concentration.
In the case of Examples 17 to 21 and Comparative Example 4
The vanadium compound (A) was mixed with a 5% aqueous solution of the organic compound (C), then heated at 80 to 100 ° C. for 30 minutes, cooled to room temperature, the metal compound (B), the etching agent (D), and then water-soluble. Polymer or / and water-based emulsion resin (E) was added, and finally deionized water was added to adjust to a predetermined concentration.
[0038]
3. Topcoat treatment liquid
The top coat processing agent (Z) and processing method used are described below.
Z1: 100 parts by mass of solid polyurethane (manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd., Superflex 100), 20 parts by mass of water-based silica (Nissan Chemical Co., Ltd., Snowtex C) in terms of silica, water-based wax An aqueous processing solution having a nonvolatile content of 10% (made by Mitsui Chemicals, Chemipearl W900) having a solid content of 10 parts by mass.
Z2: 100 parts by mass of ammonia-neutralized water-based polymer of ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer (ethylene / acrylic acid = 80/20, average molecular weight of about 20,000) in terms of solid content, and 10 in terms of silica for water-dispersible silica An aqueous treatment liquid having a non-volatile content of 20% consisting of parts by mass.
[0039]
4). Processing method
(1) Degreasing
Nippon Parkerizing Co., Ltd. alkaline degreasing agent Pulclean 364S
The material was degreased with (20 g / L building bath, 60 ° C., 10 seconds spray, spray pressure 50 kPa), and then washed with spray water for 10 seconds.
(2) Application and drying of the treatment liquid of the present invention
I: The treatment liquid was applied with a bar coater # 3 and dried at a plate temperature of 80 ° C. using a hot-air circulating oven.
II: The treatment liquid was applied with a bar coater # 3 and dried at a plate temperature of 120 ° C. using a hot air circulation oven.
[0040]
(3) Application and drying of topcoat treatment liquid
On the film formed by using the treatment liquid and the treatment method of the present invention, the topcoat treatment liquid was applied by bar coating so that the dry film thickness was about 1 μm, and dried by heating at a plate temperature of 100 ° C.
[0041]
5). Evaluation methods
(1) Corrosion resistance
Based on the salt spray test method JIS-Z-2371, the white rust occurrence area after 120 hours after salt spray was measured and evaluated.
Evaluation criteria: White rust generation area ◎ <10%, ○ 10% or more and less than 30%, △ 30% or more and less than 60%, × 60% or more
(2) Alkali resistance
The treatment plate was sprayed with a degreasing agent aqueous solution adjusted to 60 ° C. with an alkaline degreasing agent Parclean 364S manufactured by Nippon Parkerizing Co., Ltd. at 20 g / L for 30 seconds, washed with water, and then dried at 80 ° C. About this board, corrosion resistance was evaluated by the conditions and evaluation method described in said (1).
[0042]
(3) Fingerprint resistance
A finger was pressed against the surface of the treatment plate, and the trace state of the fingerprint was observed and evaluated with the naked eye.
Evaluation criteria: ◎ no trace, ○ very slight trace, △ trace, × clear trace remains
(4) Solvent resistance
The gauze soaked with ethanol was wound around a cube made of silicon rubber (1 cm square), and the test surface was rubbed 10 times at 50,000 kPa.
Evaluation criteria: ◎ almost no film peeling, ○ slightly film peeling,
△ There is some peeling of the film.
[0043]
Tables 1, 2 and 3 show the treatment liquid contents and treatment methods of Examples and Comparative Examples, and Tables 4 and 5 show the evaluation results of the treatment plates. From Table 4, the film | membrane formed from the processing agent (Examples 1-16) of this invention containing a specific vanadium compound (A) and a specific metal compound (B) shows the outstanding corrosion resistance and alkali resistance. I understand. Compared with this, in Comparative Examples 1-3 which do not contain a vanadium compound (A) or a metal compound (B), corrosion resistance and alkali resistance were inferior.
From Table 5, the corrosion resistance and alkali resistance of the films (Examples 22 to 32) obtained by applying the top coat resin film (Z1 or Z2) on the films of Examples 17 to 21 and Examples 1 to 11 are excellent. It can be seen that the fingerprint resistance and solvent resistance are also excellent. Compared with this, in Comparative Examples 4-7 which do not contain a vanadium compound (A) or a metal compound (B), corrosion resistance and alkali resistance were inferior, and solvent resistance was also inferior.
[0044]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003851106
[0045]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003851106
[0046]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003851106
[0047]
Example 22 The film formed in Example 1 was treated with the topcoat treatment agent Z1.
Example 23 The film formed in Example 2 was treated with the topcoat treatment agent Z1.
Example 24 The film formed in Example 3 was treated with the topcoat treatment agent Z1.
Example 25 The topcoat treatment agent Z2 was treated on the film formed in Example 4.
Example 26 The film formed in Example 5 was treated with the topcoat treatment agent Z1.
Example 27 The film formed in Example 6 was treated with the topcoat treatment agent Z2.
Example 28 The film formed in Example 7 was treated with the topcoat treatment agent Z1.
Example 29 The film formed in Example 8 was treated with the topcoat treatment agent Z2.
Example 30 The film formed in Example 9 was treated with the topcoat treatment agent Z1.
Example 31 The film formed in Example 10 was treated with the overcoating agent Z2.
Example 32 The film formed in Example 11 was treated with the topcoat treatment agent Z2.
[0048]
Comparative Example 5 The coating formed in Comparative Example 1 was treated with the topcoat treatment agent Z1.
Comparative Example 6 The film formed in Comparative Example 2 was treated with the topcoat treatment agent Z1.
Comparative Example 7 On the film formed in Comparative Example 3, the treatment with the top coating agent Z2 was performed.
[0049]
[Table 4]
Figure 0003851106
[0050]
[Table 5]
Figure 0003851106
[0051]
【The invention's effect】
The treatment agent of the present invention is a non-chromate type that does not contain harmful chromium compounds, and the film formed from this surface treatment agent has a corrosion resistance equal to or higher than that of the conventional chromate film. The surface treatment agent, the surface treatment method, and the surface-treated metal material have extremely great industrial utility value.

Claims (6)

少なくとも1種のバナジウム化合物(A)と、ジルコニウム、チタニウム、モリブデン、タングステン及びマンガンからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の金属を含む金属化合物(B)とを含有する金属表面処理剤であって、バナジウム化合物(A)の含有量がバナジウム換算で1〜200g/L、金属化合物(B)の含有量が金属換算で1〜200g/Lであり、バナジウム化合物(A)において、酸化数5価のバナジウムイオンの全バナジウムに対する割合V5+/Vが0〜0.6の範囲にある該金属表面処理剤。A metal surface treatment agent comprising at least one vanadium compound (A) and a metal compound (B) containing at least one metal selected from the group consisting of zirconium, titanium, molybdenum, tungsten and manganese, The vanadium compound (A) content is 1 to 200 g / L in terms of vanadium, the metal compound (B) content is 1 to 200 g / L in terms of metal, and the vanadium compound (A) has a pentavalent oxidation number. The metal surface treating agent having a ratio V 5+ / V of vanadium ions to total vanadium in the range of 0 to 0.6. さらに、水酸基、カルボニル基、カルボキシル基、1〜3級アミノ基、アミド基、リン酸基及びホスホン酸基よりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の官能基を有する有機化合物(C)を含有する請求項1記載の金属表面処理剤。  Furthermore, it contains an organic compound (C) having at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a carbonyl group, a carboxyl group, a primary to tertiary amino group, an amide group, a phosphoric acid group and a phosphonic acid group. Item 1. A metal surface treatment agent according to Item 1. さらに、無機酸、有機酸及びフッ素化合物より選ばれる少なくとも1種のエッチング剤(D)を含有する請求項1又は2記載の金属表面処理剤。  Furthermore, the metal surface treating agent of Claim 1 or 2 containing the at least 1 sort (s) of etching agent (D) chosen from an inorganic acid, an organic acid, and a fluorine compound. さらに、水溶性高分子又は/及び水系エマルション樹脂(E)を含有する請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の金属表面処理剤。  Furthermore, the metal surface treating agent of any one of Claims 1-3 containing water-soluble polymer or / and water-system emulsion resin (E). 金属材料表面を、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の金属表面処理剤で処理した後、前記材料の温度が50〜250℃になるように加熱乾燥することを特徴とする金属材料の表面処理方法。  After the metal material surface is treated with the metal surface treatment agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the metal material is dried by heating so that the temperature of the material becomes 50 to 250 ° C. Surface treatment method. 請求項5記載の表面処理方法を用いて形成された皮膜を有する表面処理金属材料。  A surface-treated metal material having a film formed by using the surface treatment method according to claim 5.
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