JP3847690B2 - Skin barrier function improving composition - Google Patents
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Description
【発明の属する技術分野】
【0001】
本発明は、優れた皮膚バリア機能改善作用と止痒効果とを有し、良好な持続滞留性と使用感とを示す組成物に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
皮膚は物理的、化学的および生物学的な種々の外的刺激を受ける。皮膚バリア機能は、これらの外的刺激から生体を防御するものである。この機能が低下すると外界からの刺激で、肌荒れ、皮膚の汚染および接触皮膚炎のような様々な皮膚炎等を起こす。さらに皮膚バリア機能の低下は、皮膚からの水分蒸散量を増加させ、皮膚の乾燥(ドライスキン)や痒みを引き起こす。通常、皮膚バリア機能は、皮膚からの水分蒸散量(経表皮水分蒸散量;TEWL)で測定される。
従来から、皮膚の乾燥を防ぐために、尿素、ヘパリン類似物質の様な保湿剤、ワセリンの様な皮膚からの水分蒸散を防ぐバリア機能改善剤又は高分子被覆フィルム等が用いられている。しかし、これらは効果が十分ではなかったり、また、べたつき感、違和感又は刺激感といった不快な使用感がある。また、乾燥による痒みを改善することができない。
【0003】
これに対して、特開平10−182332号公報や特開2000−212203号公報等には化粧品用原料として、キトサン及びその誘導体が記載されているが、皮膚バリア機能改善作用や止痒効果については記載されていない。
【0004】
また、使用感をよくするための試みとしては、乳液、クリーム等の乳化系製剤の開発が行われている。しかしながら、これらの乳化系製剤には、細胞膜の破壊やタンパク質変性等による細胞毒性を示すものが多いことが知られている界面活性剤や乳化剤が使われていることから、皮膚バリア機能を低下させ、かえって皮膚の乾燥を悪化させてしまうことがあるという問題があった。
【0005】
【特許文献1】
特開平10−182332号公報
【特許文献2】
特開2000−212203号公報
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、上記現状に鑑み、皮膚バリア機能改善作用と止痒効果とを有し、さらに、良好な持続滞留性と使用感とを示す組成物を提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、鋭意検討した結果、ムコ多糖類又はその誘導体を1重量%を超え、20重 量%以下の濃度で用いることにより皮膚バリア機能改善効果に優れ、効果が長時間持続し、しかも止痒効果をも有することを見いだした。
本発明は、ムコ多糖類又はその誘導体を1重量%を超え、20重量%以下含有することを特徴とする皮膚バリア機能改善組成物である。
以下に本発明を詳述する。
【0008】
本発明の皮膚バリア機能改善組成物は、ムコ多糖類又はその誘導体を含有する。
上記ムコ多糖類とは、ヘキソサミンを構成成分とする多糖類を意味する。上記ムコ多糖類としては特に限定されないが、例えば、ヒアルロン酸、コンドロイチン硫酸、デルマタン硫酸、ケラタン硫酸、ヘパリン、キチン及びキトサンからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種が好適である。また、上記ムコ多糖類の誘導体とは、上記ムコ多糖類における分子内の小部分の変化によって生成される化合物を意味し、例えば、ヒアルロン酸塩、コンドロイチン硫酸塩等が挙げられる。
【0009】
上記ムコ多糖類としては、なかでも、キトサン又はその誘導体がより好適に用いられる。
上記キトサンとは、キチンを濃アルカリ溶液等と加熱する等して、40mol/mol%以上の脱アセチル化をすることにより得られるポリ−N−アセチル−D−グルコサミンのことをいう。使用する原料キチンの種類、キトサンの製造方法については特に限定されない。
上記キトサンの誘導体としては、例えば、キトサンのグルコサミン残基のアミノ基、−OH基又は−CH2OH基がアルキル化、サクシニル化、ヒドロキシアルキル化、アルキルカルボニル化、ヒドロキシアルキルカルボニル化されたもの等が挙げられる。更に、キチンの脱アセチル化されたアミノ基が有機酸や無機酸と塩を形成しているもの等も挙げられる。
【0010】
上記ムコ多糖類又はその誘導体は、平均重合度が5以上、1000未満であるのが好ましい。5未満であると、充分に皮膚バリア機能改善効果が得られないことがあり、1000以上になると、物性が変わり、やはり十分に皮膚バリア機能改善効果が得られなくなることがある。平均重合度のより好ましい範囲は、50以上800未満である。
【0011】
また、上記ムコ多糖類又はその誘導体としてキトサンを用いる場合には、平均重合度が5以上、1000未満のキトサンと平均重合度が1000以上、5000未満のキトサンとの混合物であることが好ましい。
高い皮膚バリア機能改善効果を有する平均重合度が5以上、1000未満のキトサンと、のびがよく軽い使用感(さっぱり感)と浸透性(なじみ易さ)を得ることができる平均重合度が1000以上、5000未満のキトサンとを混合して用いることにより両者の特徴を併せ持つ皮膚バリア機能改善組成物が得られる。上記平均重合度が5以上、1000未満のキトサンと平均重合度が1000以上、5000未満のキトサンとの混合比としては、平均重合度が5以上、1000未満のキトサン100重量部に対して、平均重合度が1000以上、5000未満のキトサン30〜300重量部が好ましく、より好ましくは50〜150重量部である。この範囲外であると、両者が分離し易くなり製剤化が困難となることがある。
なお、上記キトサンの平均重合度は、キトサンのC6H11NO4を1単位として(n=1)、極限粘度からから求められた数値のことである。
【0012】
上記ムコ多糖類又はその誘導体の含有量の好ましい下限は0.2重量%、好ましい上限は20重量%である。0.2重量%未満であると、充分な皮膚バリア記の改善効果が得られないことがあり、20重量%を超えると、それ以上の効果は期待できないことに加え、溶解しにくく、粘度が高くなり皮膚への追従性が悪くなることがある。
より好ましい下限は0.5重量%、より好ましい上限は10重量%である。さらに好ましい下限は1重量%、さらに好ましい上限は5重量%である。
【0013】
上記ムコ多糖類又はその誘導体としてキトサン又はその誘導体を用いる場合には、本発明の皮膚バリア機能改善組成物は、上記キトサン又はその誘導体を水溶化するために酸を含有することが好ましい。
上記酸としては無機酸、有機酸のいずれも用いることができる。上記無機酸としては、例えば、塩酸、リン酸、硫酸、硝酸等が挙げられる。上記有機酸としては、例えば、酢酸、コハク酸、リンゴ酸、乳酸、酪酸、フマル酸、マロン酸、イタコン酸、グルコン酸、グリコール酸、酒石酸、クエン酸等が挙げられる。特に、カルボン酸にヒドロキシ基を有する化学構造を持つ脂肪酸であるヒドロキシ酸が好ましい。これらの酸は単独で用いられてもよいし、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記酸の含有量の好ましい下限は0.1重量%、好ましい上限は10重量%である。0.1重量%未満であると、充分にキトサン又はその誘導体を水溶化できないことがあり、10重量%を越えると、適用部位によっては皮膚刺激性を示す可能性がある。より好ましい下限は0.5重量%、より好ましい上限は5重量%である。
【0014】
本発明の皮膚バリア機能改善組成物は、更に液体油類を含有することが好ましい。上記液体油類としては特に限定されず、例えば、スクワラン等の炭化水素類、酢酸トコフェロ−ル等のエステル油類、トリグリセライド等のグリセライド油類等が挙げられる。なかでも、スクワランが特に好適である。
上記液体油類の含有量の好ましい下限は2重量%、好ましい上限は20重量%であり、より好ましい下限は5重量%、より好ましい上限は15重量%である。
【0015】
本発明の皮膚バリア機能改善組成物は、更に尿素を含有することが好ましい。ムコ多糖類、特にキトサンは、水溶液中において、熱によりメイラード反応が起こりやすく褐変化することがあるが、本発明者らは、尿素を添加することによりキトサン等が安定化して褐変化を防止できることを見出した。
上記尿素の含有量の好ましい下限は0.1重量%、好ましい上限は3重量%である。0.1重量%未満であると充分な効果が得られないことがあり、3重量%を超えると、効果がそれ以上高まらないだけでなく、ムコ多糖類が析出し、製剤化が困難となることがある。より好ましい上限は1.5重量%である。
なお、本発明の皮膚バリア機能改善組成物は、メイラード反応防止成分として硫黄原子を有する化合物、例えば亜硫酸塩等は、本発明の効果を消失させる恐れがあり含有しないことが好ましい。
【0016】
本発明の皮膚バリア機能改善組成物は、本発明の目的を阻害しない範囲で、粉末、油分、界面活性剤、増粘剤、有機溶剤、可塑剤、色素、顔料、香料、防腐剤、抗酸化剤等を含有していても良い。
【0017】
本発明の皮膚バリア機能改善組成物は、皮膚からの水分蒸散を抑制する効果に優れ、使用感がよいことで、乾燥した皮膚を健やかに保つ効果を有する。即ち、種々原因による皮膚の乾燥、例えば、環境の湿度低下、栄養障害、高齢化、皮膚疾患等による乾燥皮膚を改善することができる。
また、本発明の皮膚バリア機能改善組成物は、アトピックスキン(ドライスキン)、老人性乾皮症、腎透析後の皮膚乾燥、ひび、あかぎれ、進行性指掌角皮症等の乾燥肌にも有効であり、皮膚の乾燥等による皮膚の痒みを抑制することもできる。さらに、物理的、化学的及び生物学的な外的刺激による肌荒れ、皮膚の汚染及び様々な皮膚炎を軽減することができる。
【0018】
本発明の皮膚バリア機能改善組成物は、従来のキトサンによる特開平5−345711や特開平10−211270等に記載される皮膚保護剤や被覆剤のような、金属塩やアルカリ水溶液を必須成分として、キトサンによる可視的な不溶性のフィルムを形成させるものとは異なり、皮膚角質層の修復を目的としているため、これらのフィルムのような違和感が全くなく、皮膚への追随性や持続性にも優れている。
【0019】
本発明の皮膚バリア機能改善組成物の剤形としては特に限定されず、例えば、軟膏剤、クリーム剤、液剤(ゲル剤、ゾル剤、水溶液剤、アルコール剤、グリセリン・グリコール剤、油剤、懸濁型ローション剤、乳剤型ローション剤、ニス剤、湿布剤、噴霧剤)等が挙げられる。
本発明の皮膚バリア機能改善組成物の製造方法としては特に限定されず、従来公知の方法により製造することができる。
【0020】
本発明の皮膚バリア機能改善組成物の適用量は、有効成分の種類、濃度や塗布する部位の状態により特に限定されないが、通常は1日に1〜数回、0.01〜10g/1回程度で適用することが好ましい。また本発明の皮膚バリア機能改善組成物の適用方法としても特に限定されず、手指や器具(へら等)を用いた通常の皮膚バリア機能改善剤塗布方法の他、ポンプ式、スプレー式、チューブ式容器から直接塗布する、湿布する等が挙げられる。
【0021】
【実施例】
以下に実施例を掲げて本発明を更に詳しく説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例のみに限定されるものではない。
【0022】
(実施例1〜4、参考例1〜10)
平均重合度が30及び300のキトサン(和光純薬社製)と乳酸、酒石酸又は酢酸とを表1に示す濃度(重量%)となるように蒸留水中でマグネチックスターラーを用いて攪拌して溶解し、実施例1〜4、参考例1〜10の組成物を得た。
【0023】
(比較例1)
乳酸を2重量%となるように蒸留水中でマグネチックスターラーを用いて攪拌して溶解し、比較例1の組成物を得た。
【0024】
(比較例2、3)
比較例2として白色ワセリン(日本薬局方品、丸石製薬社製)を、また、比較例3として保湿剤としてよく用いられている尿素(和光純薬社製)をマクロゴール軟膏基剤(日本薬局方品、丸石製薬社製)に20重量%となるように混合してなる尿素軟膏を作製した。
【0025】
(評価)
実施例1〜4、参考例1〜10及び比較例1〜3で得られた組成物について、以下の方法により評価を行った。結果を表1に示した。
【0026】
(1)モルモット皮膚上における持続滞留性
5週齢ハートレー系雄性モルモットの背部を剃毛し、次に2.5cm幅粘着テープ(積水化学工業社製、セロハンテープ)を用い、モルモット背部上の予め定めた2.5cm角部分に対して貼付・剥離を4回繰り返し、一定量の角質層を剥離した。ここの一定量の角質層が剥離された皮膚に、各組成物に濃度が0.5重量%となるように色素(エバンスブルー・メルク社製)を混入したものを塗布した。塗布後24時間経過した後に塗布部位を観察し、以下の基準で評価した。
〇:塗布部位から、色素が拡散または剥離している範囲が20%未満
△:塗布部位から、色素が一部はみ出し拡散または剥離している範囲が20%以上、50%未満
×:塗布部位から、色素が大きくはみ出し、拡散、剥離あるいは脱落している範囲が50%以上
【0027】
(2)モルモット角質剥離皮膚による乾燥肌モデルに対するバリア機能改善作用5週齢ハートレー系雄性モルモットの背部を剃毛し、次に2.5cm幅粘着テープ(積水化学工業社製、セロハンテープ)を用い、モルモット背部上の2.5cm角部分に対して貼付・剥離を4回繰り返し、一定量の角質層を剥離し、乾燥肌モデルとした。角質層剥離部位に、各組成物0.1mLを塗布した。塗布してから1時間後及び24時間後に経表皮水分蒸散量(以下、TEWL)を、エバポリメーターEP−1(SERVOMED社製)を用いて測定した。試験は、各組成物について3匹のモルモットを用い、TEWLは3匹についての結果の平均値を示した。なお、TEWLの数値が低いほどバリア機能改善効果が高いことを示す。
【0028】
【表1】
【0029】
(参考例11〜21)
平均重合度が300及び3000の各キトサン(和光純薬社製)、乳酸(エビス製薬社製)、スクワラン(マルハ社製)並びに尿素(小堺製薬社製)を表2に示した濃度(重量%)となるように注射用水(大塚製薬社製)中で攪拌、懸濁して、参考例11〜21の組成物を得た。
【0030】
(比較例4、5)
比較例4としてワセリン(丸石製薬社製)を、比較例5としてヘパリノイド軟膏(マルホ製薬社製)を用いた。
【0031】
(評価)
参考例11〜21及び比較例4、5の組成物について、以下の方法により評価した。結果を表2に示した。
【0032】
(1)健常人による官能性評価
健常人10名(男性5名、女性5名)により、のび、さっぱり感、なじみ易さについて、官能性評価を行った。上記項目について、5:非常に良好、4:良好、3:どちらともいえない、2:やや悪い、1:悪いの5段階評価をしてもらい、各数値の10名の平均値を求めた。この数値が高いほど、使用感がよいことを表す。
【0033】
(2)24時間後の安定性(分離の有無)
各実施例の組成物をスクリューキャップつき50mLガラス製サンプル瓶に分注して40℃で保存し、24時間後に分離の有無を目視で確認し、分離しなかったものを「○」、分離したものを「×」として評価した。
【0034】
(3)2週間後の安定性(褐変化の有無)
各実施例の組成物をスクリューキャップつき50mLガラス製サンプル瓶に分注して40℃で保存し、2週間後に色調の変化を目視で確認し、変化のなかったものを「○」、褐変化したものを「×」として評価した。
【0035】
(4)モルモット角質層剥離皮膚による乾燥肌モデルに対するバリア機能改善作用
5週齢ハートレー系雄性モルモットの背部を剃毛し、次いで2.5cm幅のセロハンテープ用いて、モルモット背部上の2.5cm角の部分を4回貼付・剥離を繰り返し、一定の量の角質層を剥離し、乾燥肌モデルとした。角質層剥離部位に、各組成物0.1mLを全体に行き渡るよう塗布した。塗布1時間及び24時間後に、経表皮水分蒸散量(TEWL)を、エバポリメーターEP−1(SERVOMED社製)を用いて測定した。試験は各例について3匹で行い、TEWLはその平均値で示した。TEWLは数値が低いほど、バリア機能改善効果が高いことを示す。
【0036】
【表2】
【0037】
(実施例5〜7、参考例22〜27)
ムコ多糖類を表3に示す含有量(重量%)となるように注射用水(大塚製薬社製)に添加し攪拌、溶解して実施例5〜7、参考例22〜27の組成物を得た。
【0038】
(実施例8、9)
平均重合度30及び300のキトサン(和光純薬社製)並びに乳酸を表3に示す含有量(重量%)となるように注射用水(大塚製薬社製)に添加し攪拌、溶解して、実施例8、9の組成物を得た。
【0039】
(比較例6〜8)
ムコ多糖類を表3に示す含有量(重量%)となるように注射用水(大塚製薬社製)に添加し攪拌、溶解して比較例6〜8の組成物を得た。
【0040】
(比較例9〜11)
比較例9として止痒外用剤として用いられている抗ヒスタミン軟膏(興和社製、「レスタミンコーワ」)を、比較例10としてワセリン(丸石製薬社製)を、比較例11として尿素軟膏(興和社製)を用いた。
【0041】
(評価)
実施例5〜9、参考例11、12、22〜27及び比較例6〜11の各組成物について、以下の方法により評価を行った。結果を表3示した。
【0042】
(1)止痒性評価1
肘窩及び膝窩に痒みを有するアトピー患者の9歳女児を被験者とし、各組成物を患部に塗布し、塗布直後から6時間後までの患部の痒みを評価した。「著効」の場合を◎、「有効」の場合を〇、「やや有効」の場合を△、「無効」の場合を×として評価した。
【0043】
(2)止痒性評価2
背部全域に痒みを有するアトピー患者の40歳男性を被験者とし、各組成物を患部に塗布し、塗布直後から6時間後までの患部の痒みを評価した。「著効」の場合を◎、「有効」の場合を〇、「やや有効」の場合を△、「無効」の場合を×として評価した。
【0044】
(3)止痒性評価3
四肢に痒みを有するアトピー患者の37歳女性を被験者とし、各組成物を患部に塗布し、塗布直後から6時間後までの患部の痒みを評価した。「著効」の場合を◎、「有効」の場合を〇、「やや有効」の場合を△、「無効」の場合を×として評価した。
【0045】
(4)止痒性評価4
腎透析後、背部一面に痒みを有する腎透析患者の68歳男性を被験者とし、各組成物を患部に塗布し、塗布直後から6時間後までの患部の痒みを評価した。「著効」の場合を◎、「有効」の場合を〇、「やや有効」の場合を△、「無効」の場合を×として評価した。
【0046】
(5)モルモット角質層剥離皮膚による乾燥肌モデルに対するバリア機能改善作用
5週齢ハートレー系雄性モルモットの背部を剃毛し、次いで2.5cm幅のセロハンテープ用いて、モルモット背部上の2.5cm角の部分を4回貼付・剥離を繰り返し、一定の量の角質層を剥離し、乾燥肌モデルとした。角質層剥離部位に、各組成物0.1mLを全体に行き渡るよう塗布した。塗布1時間及び24時間後に、経表皮水分蒸散量(TEWL)を、エバポリメーターEP−1(SERVOMED社製)を用いて測定した。試験は各例について3匹で行い、TEWL値が10g/m2h未満を〇、10g/m2h以上20g/m2h未満を△、20g/m2h以上を×と評価して示した。TEWLは数値が低いほど、バリア機能改善効果が高いことを示す。
【0047】
【表3】
【0048】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、優れた皮膚バリア機能改善効果と良好な使用感とを両立することができ、更に止痒効果も有する組成物を提供することができる。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0001]
The present invention relates to a composition that has an excellent skin barrier function improving action and antipruritic effect, and exhibits good sustained retention and a feeling of use.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The skin is subject to various physical, chemical and biological external stimuli. The skin barrier function protects the living body from these external stimuli. When this function is reduced, external irritation causes rough skin, skin contamination, and various dermatitis such as contact dermatitis. Further, the decrease in the skin barrier function increases the amount of water transpiration from the skin, causing dry skin and itching. Usually, the skin barrier function is measured by the amount of water transpiration from the skin (transepidermal water transpiration amount; TEWL).
Conventionally, in order to prevent the skin from drying, a moisturizing agent such as urea or a heparin-like substance, a barrier function improving agent for preventing moisture evaporation from the skin such as petrolatum, or a polymer-coated film has been used. However, these are not effective enough and have an unpleasant feeling of use such as stickiness, discomfort or irritation. Further, it is not possible to improve stagnation due to drying.
[0003]
On the other hand, chitosan and its derivatives are described as cosmetic raw materials in JP-A-10-182332 and JP-A-2000-212203, etc., but the skin barrier function improving action and antipruritic effect are described. Not listed.
[0004]
In addition, as an attempt to improve the feeling of use, development of emulsion preparations such as emulsions and creams has been performed. However, these emulsified preparations use surfactants and emulsifiers that are known to have many cytotoxic effects due to cell membrane destruction and protein denaturation, etc., so that the skin barrier function is lowered. On the contrary, there was a problem that the dryness of the skin may be worsened.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-10-182332 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-212203
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In view of the above situation, the present invention has an object to provide a composition having a skin barrier function improving action and an antipruritic effect, and further exhibiting a good sustained retention and a feeling of use.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have made intensive studies, as a result, more than 1% by weight of mucopolysaccharide or a derivative thereof, excellent skin barrier function improvement effect by using a concentration of 20 by weight% or less, effects are long-lasting, In addition, it has been found that it also has a tortuous effect.
The present invention is a skin barrier function improving composition comprising mucopolysaccharide or a derivative thereof in an amount of more than 1% by weight and not more than 20% by weight .
The present invention is described in detail below.
[0008]
The skin barrier function improving composition of the present invention contains a mucopolysaccharide or a derivative thereof.
The mucopolysaccharide means a polysaccharide containing hexosamine as a constituent component. Although it does not specifically limit as said mucopolysaccharide, For example, at least 1 sort (s) selected from the group which consists of hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate, heparin, chitin, and chitosan is suitable. Moreover, the derivative | guide_body of the said mucopolysaccharide means the compound produced | generated by the change of the small part in the molecule | numerator in the said mucopolysaccharide, For example, a hyaluronic acid salt, chondroitin sulfate, etc. are mentioned.
[0009]
Among the mucopolysaccharides, chitosan or a derivative thereof is more preferably used.
The chitosan refers to poly-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine obtained by deacetylation of 40 mol / mol% or more by heating chitin with a concentrated alkaline solution or the like. There are no particular limitations on the type of raw material chitin used and the method for producing chitosan.
Examples of the chitosan derivative include, for example, those in which the amino group, —OH group or —CH 2 OH group of the glucosamine residue of chitosan is alkylated, succinylated, hydroxyalkylated, alkylcarbonylated, hydroxyalkylcarbonylated, etc. Is mentioned. Furthermore, there may be mentioned those in which the deacetylated amino group of chitin forms a salt with an organic acid or inorganic acid.
[0010]
The mucopolysaccharide or derivative thereof preferably has an average degree of polymerization of 5 or more and less than 1000. If it is less than 5, the skin barrier function improving effect may not be sufficiently obtained, and if it is 1000 or more, the physical properties may change, and the skin barrier function improving effect may not be sufficiently obtained. A more preferable range of the average degree of polymerization is 50 or more and less than 800.
[0011]
When chitosan is used as the mucopolysaccharide or derivative thereof, it is preferably a mixture of chitosan having an average polymerization degree of 5 or more and less than 1000 and chitosan having an average polymerization degree of 1000 or more and less than 5000.
Chitosan having an average degree of polymerization of 5 or more and less than 1000 having a high skin barrier function improving effect, and an average degree of polymerization of 1000 or more that can obtain a light and easy-to-use feeling (freshness) and permeability (easy to fit). By mixing and using less than 5000 chitosan, a skin barrier function improving composition having both characteristics can be obtained. As a mixing ratio of chitosan having an average degree of polymerization of 5 or more and less than 1000 and chitosan having an average degree of polymerization of 1000 or more and less than 5000, the average degree of polymerization is 100 parts by weight of chitosan having an average degree of polymerization of 5 or more and less than 1000. 30 to 300 parts by weight of chitosan having a degree of polymerization of 1000 or more and less than 5000 is preferable, and more preferably 50 to 150 parts by weight. If it is out of this range, it may be easy to separate them, making formulation difficult.
The average degree of polymerization of the chitosan is a value obtained from the intrinsic viscosity with C 6 H 11 NO 4 of chitosan as one unit (n = 1).
[0012]
The minimum with preferable content of the said mucopolysaccharide or its derivative (s) is 0.2 weight%, and a preferable upper limit is 20 weight%. If the amount is less than 0.2% by weight, a sufficient effect of improving the skin barrier may not be obtained. If the amount exceeds 20% by weight, no further effect can be expected. It may become high and followability to the skin may deteriorate.
A more preferred lower limit is 0.5% by weight, and a more preferred upper limit is 10% by weight. A more preferred lower limit is 1% by weight, and a more preferred upper limit is 5% by weight.
[0013]
When chitosan or a derivative thereof is used as the mucopolysaccharide or derivative thereof, the skin barrier function improving composition of the present invention preferably contains an acid in order to make the chitosan or derivative thereof water-soluble.
As the acid, either an inorganic acid or an organic acid can be used. Examples of the inorganic acid include hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and the like. Examples of the organic acid include acetic acid, succinic acid, malic acid, lactic acid, butyric acid, fumaric acid, malonic acid, itaconic acid, gluconic acid, glycolic acid, tartaric acid, and citric acid. In particular, a hydroxy acid which is a fatty acid having a chemical structure having a hydroxy group in the carboxylic acid is preferred. These acids may be used independently and 2 or more types may be used together.
The minimum with preferable content of the said acid is 0.1 weight%, and a preferable upper limit is 10 weight%. If it is less than 0.1% by weight, chitosan or a derivative thereof may not be sufficiently water-soluble. If it exceeds 10% by weight, skin irritation may be exhibited depending on the application site. A more preferred lower limit is 0.5% by weight, and a more preferred upper limit is 5% by weight.
[0014]
The composition for improving skin barrier function of the present invention preferably further contains liquid oils. The liquid oil is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include hydrocarbons such as squalane, ester oils such as tocopherol acetate, and glyceride oils such as triglyceride. Of these, squalane is particularly suitable.
The minimum with preferable content of the said liquid oil is 2 weight%, a preferable upper limit is 20 weight%, a more preferable minimum is 5 weight%, and a more preferable upper limit is 15 weight%.
[0015]
It is preferable that the skin barrier function improving composition of the present invention further contains urea. Mucopolysaccharides, especially chitosan, can easily undergo a Maillard reaction due to heat in an aqueous solution and may turn brown. By adding urea, the present inventors can stabilize chitosan and prevent browning. I found.
The preferable lower limit of the urea content is 0.1% by weight, and the preferable upper limit is 3% by weight. If it is less than 0.1% by weight, a sufficient effect may not be obtained. If it exceeds 3% by weight, not only the effect will not be further enhanced, but also mucopolysaccharide will precipitate, making formulation difficult. Sometimes. A more preferred upper limit is 1.5% by weight.
In addition, it is preferable that the skin barrier function improving composition of the present invention does not contain a compound having a sulfur atom as a Maillard reaction preventing component, such as sulfite, because the effects of the present invention may be lost.
[0016]
The composition for improving skin barrier function of the present invention is a powder, oil, surfactant, thickener, organic solvent, plasticizer, dye, pigment, fragrance, preservative, antioxidant as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. An agent or the like may be contained.
[0017]
The skin barrier function improving composition of the present invention has an effect of suppressing moisture transpiration from the skin, and has an effect of keeping the dry skin healthy because it has a good feeling of use. That is, it is possible to improve dryness of the skin due to various causes, for example, dryness due to a decrease in humidity of the environment, nutritional disorders, aging, skin diseases and the like.
In addition, the composition for improving skin barrier function of the present invention is suitable for dry skin such as atopic skin (dry skin), senile xeroderma, dry skin after renal dialysis, cracks, redheads, progressive palmokeratoderma. Is also effective, and it is possible to suppress itching of the skin due to dryness of the skin. Furthermore, rough skin, skin contamination and various dermatitis due to external physical, chemical and biological stimuli can be reduced.
[0018]
The skin barrier function-improving composition of the present invention contains a metal salt or an alkaline aqueous solution as an essential component, such as a skin protective agent and a coating agent described in JP-A-5-345711 and JP-A-10-2111270 by conventional chitosan. Unlike the film that forms a visible insoluble film with chitosan, it aims to repair the stratum corneum of the skin, so there is no sense of incongruity like these films, and it has excellent followability to skin and durability. ing.
[0019]
The dosage form of the skin barrier function improving composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include ointments, creams, liquids (gels, sols, aqueous solutions, alcohols, glycerin / glycols, oils, suspensions). Type lotions, emulsion lotions, varnishes, poultices, sprays) and the like.
It does not specifically limit as a manufacturing method of the skin barrier function improvement composition of this invention, It can manufacture by a conventionally well-known method.
[0020]
The application amount of the composition for improving skin barrier function of the present invention is not particularly limited depending on the type and concentration of the active ingredient and the state of the site to be applied, but usually 1 to several times a day, 0.01 to 10 g / time. It is preferable to apply to the extent. Also, the application method of the skin barrier function improving composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, and in addition to a normal skin barrier function improving agent application method using fingers and instruments (such as a spatula), a pump type, a spray type, a tube type Application directly from a container, pouring, etc. are mentioned.
[0021]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.
[0022]
(Examples 1-4, Reference Examples 1-10)
Stir and dissolve chitosan (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) having an average degree of polymerization of 30 and 300 and lactic acid, tartaric acid or acetic acid in distilled water using a magnetic stirrer so as to have the concentrations (wt%) shown in Table 1. Then, compositions of Examples 1 to 4 and Reference Examples 1 to 10 were obtained.
[0023]
(Comparative Example 1)
The composition of Comparative Example 1 was obtained by stirring and dissolving lactic acid in distilled water using a magnetic stirrer so as to be 2% by weight.
[0024]
(Comparative Examples 2 and 3)
As Comparative Example 2, white petrolatum (Japanese Pharmacopoeia, manufactured by Maruishi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) and as Comparative Example 3 urea (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), macrogol ointment base (Japanese Pharmacy) A urea ointment was prepared by mixing 20% by weight with a product (manufactured by Maruishi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.).
[0025]
(Evaluation)
The compositions obtained in Examples 1 to 4, Reference Examples 1 to 10 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were evaluated by the following methods. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0026]
(1) Sustainable retention on guinea pig skin The back of a 5-week-old Hartley male guinea pig is shaved, and then a 2.5 cm wide adhesive tape (Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., cellophane tape) is used on the back of the guinea pig in advance. Pasting and peeling were repeated 4 times on the determined 2.5 cm square part, and a certain amount of stratum corneum was peeled off. The skin from which a certain amount of the stratum corneum had been peeled was applied with a pigment (manufactured by Evans Blue Merck Co., Ltd.) mixed in each composition so that the concentration was 0.5% by weight. After 24 hours from the application, the application site was observed and evaluated according to the following criteria.
◯: Less than 20% of the range where the pigment is diffused or peeled from the application site Δ: The range where the pigment partially protrudes from the coating site and is diffused or peeled is 20% or more and less than 50% X: From the coating site More than 50% of the area where the pigments protrude greatly, diffuse, peel or fall off.
(2) Barrier function improving action on dry skin model with guinea pig exfoliated skin Shaved back of 5-week-old Hartley male guinea pig, then using 2.5cm wide adhesive tape (Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. cellophane tape) Then, the pasting and peeling were repeated 4 times on the 2.5 cm square part on the back of the guinea pig, and a certain amount of the stratum corneum was peeled off to obtain a dry skin model. Each composition 0.1mL was apply | coated to the stratum corneum peeling site | part. One hour and 24 hours after application, transepidermal water transpiration (hereinafter referred to as TEWL) was measured using an Evapolymeter EP-1 (manufactured by SERVOMED). The test used 3 guinea pigs for each composition, and TEWL showed the average of the results for 3 animals. In addition, it shows that the barrier function improvement effect is so high that the numerical value of TEWL is low.
[0028]
[Table 1]
[0029]
(Reference Examples 11 to 21)
Concentrations (% by weight) of chitosan (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries), lactic acid (manufactured by Ebisu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), squalane (manufactured by Maruha Co., Ltd.) and urea (manufactured by Kominato Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) having an average degree of polymerization of 300 and 3000 are shown. The composition of Reference Examples 11 to 21 was obtained by stirring and suspending in water for injection (Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.).
[0030]
(Comparative Examples 4 and 5)
As Comparative Example 4, Vaseline (manufactured by Maruishi Pharmaceutical) was used, and as Comparative Example 5, heparinoid ointment (manufactured by Maruho Pharmaceutical) was used.
[0031]
(Evaluation)
The compositions of Reference Examples 11 to 21 and Comparative Examples 4 and 5 were evaluated by the following methods. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0032]
(1) Sensory Evaluation by Healthy Persons Ten healthy persons (5 males and 5 females) performed sensory evaluations on the feeling of stretch, refreshment, and familiarity. Regarding the above items, 5 grades were evaluated: 5: very good, 4: good, 3: not good, 2: somewhat bad, 1: bad, and the average value of 10 people of each numerical value was obtained. The higher this value, the better the usability.
[0033]
(2) Stability after 24 hours (existence of separation)
The composition of each Example was dispensed into a 50 mL glass sample bottle with a screw cap and stored at 40 ° C., and after 24 hours, the presence or absence of separation was visually confirmed. Things were evaluated as “x”.
[0034]
(3) Stability after 2 weeks (presence or absence of browning)
The composition of each example was dispensed into a 50 mL glass sample bottle with a screw cap and stored at 40 ° C. After 2 weeks, the color change was visually confirmed. This was evaluated as “×”.
[0035]
(4) Barrier function improvement effect on dry skin model by guinea pig stratum corneum exfoliated skin Shaved back of 5-week-old Hartley male guinea pig, then 2.5 cm square on guinea pig back using 2.5 cm wide cellophane tape This part was repeatedly applied and peeled four times, and a certain amount of the stratum corneum was peeled off to obtain a dry skin model. 0.1 mL of each composition was applied over the entire stratum corneum peeling site. One hour and 24 hours after application, transepidermal water transpiration (TEWL) was measured using an Evapolymeter EP-1 (manufactured by Servomemed). The test was performed with 3 animals for each example, and TEWL was shown as the average value. TEWL indicates that the lower the value, the higher the barrier function improving effect.
[0036]
[Table 2]
[0037]
(Examples 5-7, Reference Examples 22-27)
The composition of Examples 5 to 7 and Reference Examples 22 to 27 was obtained by adding mucopolysaccharide to water for injection (made by Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) so as to have the content (% by weight) shown in Table 3 and stirring and dissolving. It was.
[0038]
(Examples 8 and 9)
Stirring was added an average polymerization degree of 30 and 300 of chitosan (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) and lactic acid content shown in Table 3 (% by weight) and so as to water for injection (manufactured by Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) was dissolved, performed The compositions of Examples 8 and 9 were obtained.
[0039]
(Comparative Examples 6-8)
Mucopolysaccharides were added to water for injection (made by Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) so as to have the content (% by weight) shown in Table 3, stirred and dissolved to obtain compositions of Comparative Examples 6-8.
[0040]
(Comparative Examples 9-11)
An antihistamine ointment (manufactured by Kowa Co., Ltd., “Restamine Kowa”) used as a topical antistatic agent as Comparative Example 9, Vaseline (manufactured by Maruishi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) as Comparative Example 10, and urea ointment (Kowa Co., Ltd.) as Comparative Example 11 Made).
[0041]
(Evaluation)
Each composition of Examples 5 to 9, Reference Examples 11, 12, 22 to 27 and Comparative Examples 6 to 11 was evaluated by the following method. The results are shown in Table 3.
[0042]
(1) Fastening evaluation 1
A 9-year-old girl of an atopy patient with itching in the elbow and popliteal was used as a test subject, each composition was applied to the affected area, and itching of the affected area from immediately after application to 6 hours was evaluated. The case of “significant” was evaluated as ◎, the case of “valid” as ◯, the case of “somewhat valid” as △, and the case of “invalid” as x.
[0043]
(2) Fastness evaluation 2
A 40-year-old male atopic patient with itching throughout the back was used as a test subject, and each composition was applied to the affected area, and itching of the affected area was evaluated immediately after application for 6 hours. The case of “significant” was evaluated as ◎, the case of “valid” as ◯, the case of “somewhat valid” as △, and the case of “invalid” as x.
[0044]
(3) Fastening evaluation 3
A 37-year-old female atopic patient with itch in the limbs was used as a test subject, each composition was applied to the affected area, and the itch of the affected area was evaluated immediately after application until 6 hours later. The case of “significant” was evaluated as ◎, the case of “valid” as ◯, the case of “somewhat valid” as △, and the case of “invalid” as x.
[0045]
(4) Fastness evaluation 4
After renal dialysis, a 68-year-old male of a renal dialysis patient who had itching on the entire back was used as a test subject, and each composition was applied to the affected area, and itching of the affected area from immediately after application to 6 hours was evaluated. The case of “significant” was evaluated as ◎, the case of “valid” as ◯, the case of “somewhat valid” as △, and the case of “invalid” as x.
[0046]
(5) Barrier function improving action on dry skin model by guinea pig stratum corneum exfoliated skin Shaved back of 5-week-old Hartley male guinea pig, then using 2.5 cm wide cellophane tape, 2.5 cm square on back of guinea pig This part was repeatedly applied and peeled four times, and a certain amount of the stratum corneum was peeled off to obtain a dry skin model. 0.1 mL of each composition was applied over the entire stratum corneum peeling site. One hour and 24 hours after application, transepidermal water transpiration (TEWL) was measured using an Evapolymeter EP-1 (manufactured by Servomemed). The test was conducted in three rats for each example, TEWL values 〇 less than 10g / m 2 h, 10g / m 2 h or more 20 g / m to less than 2 h △, shows evaluates as × least 20 g / m 2 h It was. TEWL indicates that the lower the value, the higher the barrier function improving effect.
[0047]
[Table 3]
[0048]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the composition which can satisfy | fill both the outstanding skin barrier function improvement effect and the favorable usability, and also has an antipruritic effect can be provided.
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JP4528898B2 (en) * | 2004-07-26 | 2010-08-25 | 独立行政法人科学技術振興機構 | Chemokine receptor CCR10 expression inducer |
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