JP3844216B2 - Diode switch - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a switch circuit, and more particularly to a diode switch applied to a high-frequency switch circuit for switching a signal transmission path in a high-frequency circuit such as a digital cellular phone.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, a switch circuit such as a digital cellular phone is used to switch the transmission path between the antenna and the reception circuit and the transmission path between the transmission circuit and the antenna, as shown in FIG.
[0003]
This switch circuit is also used to switch the transmission path between the reception circuit and the first antenna and the transmission path between the reception circuit and the second antenna in a telephone or the like adopting the reception diversity system. The Similarly, in the case of a mobile phone base station adopting the transmission diversity system, it is used to switch the transmission path between the transmission circuit and the first antenna and the transmission path between the transmission circuit and the second antenna. Is done.
[0004]
In addition, this switch circuit is used for switching between internal circuits such as a mobile phone having a terminal for external connection with an in-vehicle booster or the like and a route to the above terminal, and switching of a plurality of channels such as a base station for a mobile phone. Is also used.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
A line electrode (strip line) as a transmission line is formed on the dielectric layer of such a switch circuit / diode switch. Since such a transmission line is about several tens of millimeters in relation to the frequency, there is a limit to downsizing. An object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems and provide a small diode switch.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the diode switch of the present invention, the second transmission line has a spiral shape and is divided into at least three layers, and the ground electrode is an upper layer or a lower layer of the layer constituting the second transmission line. In addition, between these three layers, the line electrode of the second transmission line of the transmission line constituting the spiral shape overlaps when viewed in projection. As a result, the amount of inductance increases due to mutual induction / mutual induction between the three layers, the length of the line electrode of the transmission line can be shortened, and the diode switch can be miniaturized.
[0007]
In particular, if the line electrode of the transmission line overlaps in projection, the line electrode portion of the layer farther from the ground electrode in the line electrode portion that overlaps in projection (projection overlap) It is not affected by the ground and the mutual induction / mutual induction between the three layers is not canceled.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
(1) Equivalent circuit of the first embodiment
FIG. 1 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of a switch circuit / diode switch of an embodiment of the present invention. The switch circuit / dyed switch is connected to an antenna ANT, a transmission circuit TX, and a reception circuit RX as first, second, and third circuits. The transmission circuit TX is connected to the anode of the first diode D1, and the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the antenna ANT via the capacitor C3. A capacitor C3 and a second transmission line SL2 are connected in series to the antenna ANT, and a receiving circuit RX is further connected.
[0009]
A first transmission line SL1 and a second capacitor C2 are connected in series to the anode of the first diode D1, and are grounded. The first transmission line SL1 has a first capacitor C1 in parallel. It is connected to the. Further, a first control circuit VC1 is connected between the first transmission line SL1 and the second capacitor C2 via a first resistor R1.
[0010]
The anode of the second diode D2 is connected between the second transmission line SL2 and the receiving circuit RX, and the cathode of the second diode D2 is grounded via the fourth capacitor C4. ing. Further, a second control circuit VC2 is connected between the cathode of the second diode D2 and the fourth capacitor C4 via a second resistor R2. The first control circuit VC1 and the second control circuit VC2 are circuits for switching the switch circuit / diode switch between transmission and reception.
[0011]
When the voltage from the second control circuit VC2 becomes “0” and a positive voltage is applied from the first control circuit VC1, a signal from the transmission circuit TX is sent to the antenna ANT. In this case, the positive voltage supplied from the first control circuit VC1 is applied to the first diode D1 and the second diode D2, and the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 are turned on and turned on. Become.
[0012]
When the first diode D1 is turned on, the impedance of the transmission path between the transmission circuit TX and the antenna ANT is lowered. When the second diode D2 is turned on, the second transmission line SL2 is grounded at high frequency through the fourth capacitor C4 and resonated, and the cathode of the first diode D1, the third capacitor C3, and the second capacitor The impedance when the receiving circuit RX side is viewed from the connection point with the transmission line SL2 becomes very large, and the antenna ANT is disconnected from the receiving circuit RX. Thereby, the transmission signal from the transmission circuit TX is transmitted to the antenna ANT and does not leak to the reception circuit RX.
[0013]
On the other hand, when a positive voltage is applied from the second control circuit VC2 and the voltage from the first control circuit VC1 becomes “0”, a signal from the antenna ANT is sent to the reception circuit RX. In this case, a voltage of “0” from the first control circuit VC1 and a positive voltage from the second control circuit VC2 are applied in the reverse direction to the first diode D1 and the second diode D2. It is cut off and becomes non-conductive state / off state.
[0014]
When the first diode D1 is cut off, the transmission circuit TX and the antenna ANT are cut off. When the second diode D2 is cut off, the high-frequency grounding and resonance of the second transmission line SL2 are released, and the cathode of the first diode D1, the third capacitor C3, and the second transmission line. The impedance when the receiving circuit RX side is viewed from the connection point with SL2 becomes very small, and the antenna ANT is electrically connected to the receiving circuit RX via the second transmission line SL2. Thereby, the reception signal from the antenna ANT is transmitted to the reception circuit RX and does not leak to the transmission circuit TX.
[0015]
In this way, by controlling the voltages from the first control circuit VC1 and the second control circuit VC2, the switch circuit / diode switch can be switched to switch between transmission and reception. Note that the same switching is possible when the “positive voltage” is set to “0 voltage” and the “0 voltage” is set to “negative voltage”.
[0016]
In short, in order to make the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 conductive and to send a signal from the transmission circuit TX to the antenna ANT, the voltage of the first control circuit VC1 is the voltage of the second control circuit VC2. Made higher. In order to cut off the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 and send the reception signal from the antenna ANT to the reception circuit RX, the voltage of the first control circuit VC1 is the voltage of the second control circuit VC2. Made lower. Note that the capacitor C1 in FIG. 1 may be omitted.
[0017]
(2) Equivalent circuit of the second embodiment
FIG. 2 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of a diode switch according to another embodiment of the present invention. In the circuit of FIG. 2, the directions of the anode and the cathode of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 are opposite to the circuit of FIG. In switching between transmission and reception, the voltage switching from the first control circuit VC1 and the second control circuit VC2 is reversed from the circuit of FIG.
[0018]
That is, in the circuit of FIG. 2, in order to turn on the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 and send the signal from the transmission circuit TX to the antenna ANT, the voltage of the first control circuit VC1 is the second voltage. It is made lower than the voltage of the control circuit VC2. In order to cut off the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 and send the reception signal from the antenna ANT to the reception circuit RX, the voltage of the first control circuit VC1 is the voltage of the second control circuit VC2. Made higher. In the circuit of FIG. 2, the insertion direction of the diode and the isolation characteristic are improved because the connection direction of the diode is reversed compared to the circuit of FIG. Note that the capacitor C1 in FIG. 2 may be omitted.
[0019]
(3) Appearance of diode switch 1
FIG. 3 shows a perspective appearance of the diode switch 1. The diode switch 1 includes a laminated element body 11, two diode elements 12, and a chip capacitor 13. The equivalent circuit diagram of this diode switch is as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the portion surrounded by a broken line is the diode switch 1 of FIG. 3, and the other circuit elements are formed on the circuit board of the diode switch 1, but the laminated body or the laminated body It can also be configured above. In FIG. 3, a plurality of diode switches 1 are provided in the multilayer body 11.
[0020]
(4) Inside of diode switch 1
FIG. 4 shows an internal structure obtained by disassembling the multilayer body 11. A first ground electrode 21 is formed on the lower dielectric layer 20, and a predetermined lead electrode is formed. On the dielectric layer 20, one or a plurality of dummy layers are laminated, and three first, second and third dielectric layers 22, 23 and 24 are further laminated. The three dielectric layers 22, 23, and 24 are formed with spiral-shaped first, second, and third line electrodes 32, 33, and 34 divided into three layers.
[0021]
The three layers of the first, second and third line electrodes 32, 33 and 34 are connected to each other via the first and second through-hole electrodes 36 and 37. The first and second through-hole electrodes 36 and 37 pass through the dielectric layers 22 and 23 or 23 and 24. In addition, extraction electrodes are formed on the side surfaces of the dielectric layers 22, 23, and 24, respectively. On the dielectric layer 24, one or a plurality of dummy layers are stacked, and an upper dielectric layer 25 is further stacked. A second ground electrode 26 is formed on the dielectric layer 25. .
[0022]
An uppermost dielectric layer 27 is laminated on the dielectric layer 25, and a pattern electrode is formed on the upper surface of the dielectric layer 27. This pattern electrode is composed of the following pattern electrodes. The pattern electrode connected to the first ground electrode 21 and the second ground electrode 25, the pattern electrode connected to the line electrodes 32 and 34 of the first transmission line SL1, and the second transmission line SL2 A pattern electrode connected to the line electrodes 32 and 34 and a pattern electrode connected to the first and second diodes D1 and D2.
[0023]
A dielectric material is used as the dielectric layers 20, 22 to 25 (laminated body), a sheet is formed by a doctor blade, and a silver (Ag) electrode is screen-printed on the sheet to form a pattern electrode, which is laminated. Then, they are pressed and fired together. After this firing, side terminal electrodes are formed. The terminals of the diode element 12 incorporating the two diodes D1 and D2 and the chip capacitor 13 are connected to the pattern electrode on the upper surface of the dielectric layer 25, respectively.
[0024]
  The line electrode 32 of the first transmission line SL1,33, 34 may be mounted as chip parts on the multilayer body 11. In some cases, the line electrode 32 of the second transmission line SL2,33, 34 may be mounted as chip parts on the multilayer body 11.
[0025]
(5) Shapes of the first, second and third line electrodes 32, 33 and 34
FIG. 5 shows the shapes of the first, second and third line electrodes 32, 33 and 34 of the three layers. The first, second, and third line electrodes 32, 33, and 34 all have a spiral shape, and the first, second, and third line electrodes 32, 33 are arranged in order from the bottom to the top of FIG. , 34 are shown in order.
[0026]
The first line electrode 32 is connected to four spiral linear lines of 1050 μm (micron meter), 1175 μm, 700 μm, and 675 μm from the pattern electrode, and the end 32 a is connected to the end 33 a of the second line electrode 33. Are connected through the through-hole electrode 36. The second line electrode 33 is connected to five spiral lines of 500 μm, 700 μm, 1175 μm, 375 μm, and 675 μm from the end 33 a, and from the end 33 b to the end 34 a of the third line electrode 34. They are connected via a through-hole electrode 37. The third line electrode 34 is connected from the end 34a to the pattern electrode by connecting five spiral lines of 500 μm, 375 μm, 1175 μm, 700 μm, and 1575 μm from the end 34a.
[0027]
In the middle layer line electrode 33 in FIG. 5, the hatched portion indicated by “A” overlaps the upper line electrode 34 and the lower line electrode 32 in a projection view. As a result, the inductance increases due to mutual induction / mutual induction between the three layers of line electrodes 32, 33, and 34, and the length of the line electrodes 32, 33, and 34 of the transmission line can be shortened by this amount. Can be miniaturized.
[0028]
In particular, the portion “A” which is farthest from the ground electrodes 21 and 25 and overlaps in the projection of the line electrode 33 in the middle layer which is not opposed to the ground electrode is the influence of the ground from the ground electrodes 21 and 25. Therefore, the mutual induction / mutual induction between the three layers is not canceled. The ground electrodes 21 and 25 are formed in two layers in total on the upper layer and lower layer of the three layers of line electrodes 32, 33 and 34, that is, both outer sides.
[0029]
Even in this case, the line electrode portion “A” overlapping in the projection in the middle layer among the three layers of the line electrodes 32, 33, 34 is not affected by the ground, and the mutual induction / Mutual induction is not negated. Therefore, the inductance due to mutual induction / mutual induction between the three layers of line electrodes 32, 33, and 34 is further increased, and the length of the line electrodes 32, 33, and 34 of the transmission line can be further reduced, and the diode. The switch can be made smaller.
[0030]
In addition, in the lower line electrode 32 in FIG. 5, the hatched portion indicated by “B” is a portion overlapping with the line electrode 33 in the middle layer when viewed in projection. Although there is also an influence of the earth here, the inductance is increased by mutual induction / mutual induction between the two layers of line electrodes 32 and 33, and the length of the line electrodes 32 and 33 of the transmission line can be shortened accordingly. The diode switch can be downsized.
[0031]
In addition, in the upper layer line electrode 34 in FIG. 5, a hatched portion indicated by “C” is a portion overlapping with the lower line electrode 32 in a projection view. Although there is also an influence of the earth here, the inductance is increased by mutual induction / mutual induction between the two layers of line electrodes 32 and 34, and the length of the line electrodes 32 and 34 of the transmission line can be shortened accordingly. The diode switch can be downsized.
[0032]
  The projection overlap “A” of the three layers of line electrodes 32, 33, 34 is the projection overlap “B” of the other two layers of line electrodes 32, 33. The overlapping portion “A” may coincide with the projected overlapping portion “C” of the two layers of line electrodes 32, 34, or may not coincide with each other. As the number of overlapping portions increases, the inductance due to mutual induction / mutual induction between the line electrodes 32, 33, and 34 increases, and the length of the line electrodes 32, 33, and 34 can be shortened. Can be miniaturized.
  In this embodiment of FIG. 5, the projection overlap portion “A” is a projection overlap portion of the three layers of line electrodes 32, 33, and 34 and the projection overlap of the two layers of line electrodes 33 and 34. It is also a part.
[0033]
Before and after the line electrode of the projection overlap portion “A” of the three layers of line electrodes 32, 33, and 34, there is a part of the projection overlap portion of only the two layers of line electrodes. Thus, before entering the very strong projection overlap of the mutual induction / mutual induction between the three layers, it is possible to pass through the slightly strong projection overlap of the two layers. Without suddenly entering the very strong part of mutual induction, you can gradually enter or leave the strong part of mutual induction / mutual induction, gradually changing the electromagnetic characteristics of each part of the transmission line As an example, the electromagnetic characteristics can be stabilized, and a leakage signal or the like can be prevented. The same applies to the case of four or more layers described later.
[0034]
  Also, in FIG.Middle layerLine electrode33Out of"A"The shaded area indicated byUpper layerLine electrode34 andIt is an overlapping part in terms of projection. Although there is an influence of the earth here, the inductance is increased by mutual induction / mutual induction between the two layers of line electrodes 33 and 34, and the length of the line electrodes 33 and 34 of the transmission line can be shortened accordingly. The diode switch can be downsized. The hatched portion indicated by “C” coincides with a portion where all the three layers of the line electrodes 32, 33, and 34 are overlapped when viewed in projection. Of course, if the shape of the line electrode 34 is changed, it will not match.
[0035]
As described above, the two-layer projection overlap portions “B” and “C” are partially adjacent to each other with respect to the three-layer projection overlap portion “A”. As a result, the transition from the three-layer projection overlap portion to the portion having no projection overlap portion does not occur, and the three-layer projection overlap portion passes through the two-layer projection portion to the portion having no projection overlap portion. Can be migrated. In other words, it is possible to move from a projection overlapped portion with a large overlap of each layer to a portion without a projection overlap portion through a projection overlap portion with a small overlap of each layer, and a change in electromagnetic characteristics in each projection overlap portion. Can be made stable and the electromagnetic characteristics can be made stable.
[0036]
FIG. 6 shows the line electrode 40 in the case where the first, second, and third line electrodes 32, 33, and 34 of the three layers are formed into two layers that can obtain the same characteristics with a 1 / 4λ transmission line at the same frequency. 41 is shown. The lower line electrode 40 has a square multiple / multi-circular spiral shape, and the end 40 a is connected to the end 41 a of the line electrode 41 through the through-hole electrode 42.
[0037]
The total path length / total line length of the two-layer line electrodes 40 and 41 of FIG. 6 is 23225 μm, and the total of the first, second and third line electrodes 32, 33 and 34 of the three layers of FIG. The path length / total line length is 11350 μm. Therefore, the total path length / total line length could be reduced by 49% by changing the two layers to three layers.
[0038]
Thus, when the line electrode of the transmission line SL is made into three layers, the range of mutual induction / mutual induction of the line electrode is remarkably improved as compared with the case of two layers. In the case of two layers, mutual induction / mutual induction of the line electrodes occurs only between the two layers. However, when three layers are used, mutual induction / mutual induction of the line electrodes is performed between the first and second line electrodes 32 and 33, between the second and third line electrodes 33 and 34, and between the first and second line electrodes 33 and 34. It increases 2-3 times, such as between the three line electrodes 32 and 34. However, since the line electrode 33 in the middle layer is not affected by the ground, the mutual induction / mutual induction actually increases more than three times.
[0039]
As described above, in the line electrode of the spiral transmission line SL formed by dividing into three or more layers, the transmission line is formed so as to overlap between the upper and lower sides. That is, the three layers have the same current direction in the transmission line SL when viewed in projection, and overlap. By overlapping the line electrodes having the same direction of current, that is, close to each other, the magnetic field between the lines is strengthened. As a result, the transmission line appears to be long, and as a result, the transmission line SL The line length can be shortened.
[0040]
The overlapping of the upper, lower, and lower transmission lines SL can achieve the effect of reducing the line length by overlapping even a part, but it is preferable to overlap several% or more of the total length. It was confirmed that the line length could be reduced to 40-60% of 1 / 4λ by overlapping 5% -20%.
[0041]
The line electrodes of the transmission line SL may have four layers, and in this case, overlapping portions are formed between the four layer line electrodes when viewed in projection. As a result, since the middle two-layer line electrode is not affected by the ground, the mutual induction / mutual induction is considerably increased and the inductance of the transmission line is considerably increased. The length can be considerably shortened. In this way, the line electrodes of the transmission line SL can be made into five layers, six layers, seven layers,.
[0042]
  In addition, the line electrode portion “A” that overlaps when viewed in projection accounts for 56% of more than half of the center line electrode 33. On the other hand, the portion where the three line electrodes 32, 33, and 34 overlap in projection is a part of the middle line electrode 33, but this may be the whole middle line electrode 33. . In this case, the through-hole electrodes 36 and 37 in FIG.ThroughThe end portions 32a, 33a, 33b, and 34a are arranged on a horizontal straight line. As a result, the length of the electrode portion that is not affected by the middle ground becomes longer, the mutual induction / mutual induction increases considerably, and the inductance of the transmission line increases considerably, and the length of the line electrode of the transmission line increases accordingly. Can be considerably shortened. This is the same even when the number of layers on which the line electrode is formed is increased from 3 layers to 4 layers, 5 layers,.
[0043]
(6) Shapes of the first, second and third line electrodes 32, 33 and 34 (second embodiment)
FIG. 7A shows the shapes of the first, second and third line electrodes 32, 33 and 34 of the three layers of the second embodiment. Each of the first, second, and third line electrodes 32, 33, and 34 has a spiral shape, and the first, second, and third line electrodes are arranged in order from the bottom to the top of FIG. 32, 33, 34 are shown in order.
[0044]
The first line electrode 32 is connected to six spiral straight lines of 975 μm (micron meter), 950 μm, 600 μm, 650 μm, 300 μm, and 325 μm from the pattern electrode, and the second line electrode 33 is connected from the end 32 a. Is connected to the end 33a of the first through the through-hole electrodes 36. The second line electrode 33 is connected with five spiral straight lines of 300 μm, 625 μm, 600 μm, 950 μm, and 600 μm from the end 33 a, and the end 33 b is connected to the end 34 a of the third line electrode 34. They are connected via a through-hole electrode 37. The third line electrode 34 is connected to the pattern electrode by connecting four spiral linear lines of 950 μm, 600 μm, 950 μm, and 200 μm from the end 34 a to the end 34 a.
[0045]
  The width of the second line electrode 33 in the middle layer is different from the width of the first line electrode 32 in the lower layer and the width of the second line electrode 34 in the upper layer by several percent to several tens of percent.. ThisAs a result, even when the projected overlapping portions of each layer are slightly shifted during lamination, the area of the projected overlapping portion is not reduced / changed, and thus the inductance of the entire transmission line is reduced / changed. Thus, the electrical line length of the line electrode of the transmission line is not shortened / changed, and product variations can be eliminated.
[0046]
Further, the width of the lower first line electrode 32 and the width of the upper second line electrode 34 are the same. As a result, the influence from the lower first ground electrode 21 and the influence from the upper second ground electrode 26 on the second line electrode 33 in the middle layer can be made the same to facilitate the design. it can. Of course, the width of the first line electrode 32 in the lower layer may be different from the width of the second line electrode 34 in the upper layer.
[0047]
Note that the width of the second line electrode 33 in the middle layer is different from the width of the first line electrode 32 in the lower layer and the width of the second line electrode 34 in the upper layer by several percent to several tens of percent. Good. Thus, as described above, it is okay if the projected overlapping portions of each layer are slightly shifted, and the middle layer line electrode 33 is guarded by the thicker outer line electrodes 32 and 34, and the middle layer first electrode. The second line electrode 33 is less affected by the ground.
[0048]
As described above, if the width of the outer line electrode is reduced among the three or more layers of line electrodes, the amount of material of the entire line electrode can be reduced. On the other hand, if the width of the inner line electrode is made narrower among the three or more layers of line electrodes, the influence of grounding on the inner line electrode can be reduced.
[0049]
Further, the width of the line electrodes of three or more layers may be alternately increased or decreased. As a result, even when the projected overlapping portions of each layer are gradually shifted in the stacking, the area of the projected overlapping portion does not decrease / change.
[0050]
Furthermore, when the line electrodes 32, 33, and 34 connected to each other from the lower layer to the upper layer are traced, the spiral of the lower line electrode 32 is directed from the outside to the center, and the spiral of the middle line electrode 33 is formed. Is outward from the center, and the spiral of the upper line electrode 34 is from the outside toward the center. That is, the directions of the spirals of the three or more line electrodes are alternately switched from the outside to the center and from the center to the outside. This makes it easy to determine / design the shape of each line electrode so as to lengthen / increase the projection overlap.
[0051]
The diameters of the spirals of the line electrodes 32, 33, and 34 are the same. Thereby, the length of the projection overlap part of each line electrode 32, 33, 34 can be lengthened, and the mechanical line length of the line electrode of a transmission line can be shortened.
[0052]
The shaded area in FIG. 8A shows the upper two layers of projection overlap with the upper-layer line electrode 34 and the middle-layer line electrode 33. The hatched portion in FIG. 8 (2) shows the projective overlapping portion of the lower two layers of the middle line electrode 33 and the lower line electrode 32. The hatched portion in FIG. 7B shows a three-layer projected overlapping portion of the upper layer line electrode 34, the middle layer line electrode 33, and the lower layer line electrode 32.
[0053]
The length of the projection overlap of the upper two layers is 2375 μm, the length of the projection overlap of the lower two layers is 2475 μm, and the length of the projection overlap of the three layers is 2075 μm. The total line length of the three layers of line electrodes 32, 33 and 34 is 9575 μm. The total projection overlap of the upper two layers of projection overlap and the lower two layers of projection overlap is 4850 μm.
[0054]
In FIG. 9, the line electrode has two layers instead of three layers, and the length of the projected overlapping portion of the two layers is 4850 μm. The electrical line length of the two-layer line electrode in FIG. 9 and the electrical line length of the three-layer line electrode in FIGS. 7 and 8 are designed to be the same. The length of the two-layer projection overlap portion of 4850 μm is the upper two-layer projection overlap portion and the lower two-layer projection overlap portion in the three-layer line electrodes 32, 33 and 34 of FIGS. Is the same as 4850 μm of the total projected overlap portion. However, the total total mechanical line length of the two-layer line electrodes is 17000 μm, which is 7425 μm longer than the total mechanical line length of 9575 μm in FIGS. 7 and 8.
[0055]
In other words, the three layers in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 and the two layers in FIG. 9 have the same electrical line length and the same length of the projection overlap of the two layers. The total mechanical line length could be shortened by 44% (= 7425 μm / 17000 μm) only by using three layers. Moreover, although the length of the projection overlap portion of the three layers in FIGS. 7 and 8 is 2075 μm, the length that can be shortened is 7425 μm, and the length of the projection overlap portion of the three layers depends on the length of the projection overlap portion of the three layers. The shortening efficiency of the entire target line length has reached 3.58 times (= 7425 μm / 2075 μm).
[0056]
Therefore, there is a remarkable shortening of the entire mechanical line length of the transmission line by changing from 2 layers to 3 layers. This becomes more prominent when the number of layers on which transmission lines are formed is increased from 3 layers to 4 layers, 5 layers,. This is because, in addition to the three-layer projection overlap portion, the four-layer projection overlap portion, the five-layer projection overlap portion,... The mutual induction increases synergistically and the inductance of the transmission line increases synergistically, and the length of the line electrode of the transmission line can be shortened synergistically.
[0057]
7 (2), the two-layer projection overlapped portions in FIGS. 8 (1) and 8 (2) are partially adjacent to each other. As a result, the transition from the three-layer projection overlap portion to the portion having no projection overlap portion does not occur, and the three-layer projection overlap portion passes through the two-layer projection portion to the portion having no projection overlap portion. Can be migrated. In other words, it is possible to move from a projection overlapped portion with a large overlap of each layer to a portion without a projection overlap portion through a projection overlap portion with a small overlap of each layer, and a change in electromagnetic characteristics in each projection overlap portion. Can be made stable and the electromagnetic characteristics can be made stable. This is the same even when the number of layers on which the line electrode is formed is increased from 3 layers to 4 layers, 5 layers,.
[0058]
The first, second, and third line electrodes 32, 33, and 34 of the three layers in FIGS. 5, 7, and 8 are all rectangular and have a spiral shape of approximately one single / one turn, that is, three to four turns. ing. As a result, it becomes easier to create a portion that overlaps in terms of projection, and the proportion of the portion that overlaps in terms of projection in the one-layer line electrode can be increased. By increasing the mutual induction / mutual induction to the line electrode, the length of the line electrode of the transmission line can be shortened accordingly. When the spiral shape of the line electrode is changed from single / round to multiple / multiple, the shape becomes complicated, and it becomes more difficult to create overlapping portions in terms of projection, and it is difficult to increase the ratio of overlapping portions. Become.
[0059]
The spiral shape is a spiral shape with the same bending / turning direction of the line electrode. The bending direction / turn direction of the first, second and third line electrodes 32, 33 and 34 is a right angle / 90 degrees, and the bent portions of the first, second and third line electrodes 32, 33 and 34 are bent. Are 3 turns, 4 turns and 3 turns, respectively. The meander shape is a zigzag shape in which the bending direction / turn direction of the line electrode is different.
[0060]
In the case of the meander shape, the direction of the current in the adjacent transmission line SL is opposite. For this reason, the magnetic fields between adjacent transmission lines SL are weakened, and the transmission lines SL appear as if they are shortened. In addition, if an attempt is made to increase the length of the transmission line SL in a narrow space, the distance between the adjacent transmission lines is shortened and the weakening of the magnetic field is increased, so that a certain space is required.
[0061]
In the case of a spiral shape, the current directions of adjacent transmission lines are the same. For this reason, the magnetic fields between adjacent transmission lines are strengthened, and the transmission lines appear to be longer. In the case of this spiral transmission line, there is no problem even if the distance between adjacent transmission lines is shortened. As described above, when the transmission line is formed in a spiral shape, the transmission line appears to be long, so that the actual line length can be shortened.
[0062]
Further, in the case of the meander shape, when there is a space for forming two 1 / 4λ transmission lines on one layer, the positions of the transmission line start point and end point are highly flexible and easy to design. However, in an era when miniaturization is required, sufficient space cannot be secured. For example, there is a sufficient interval between the transmission line on the transmission side and the transmission line on the reception side so that interference does not occur. It is necessary to open it and form it in another layer, which is not suitable for miniaturization. In the case of the spiral shape, there is a relationship of drawing out, and it is necessary to form a through hole in order to form a transmission line over three or more layers. However, as described above, it is suitable for downsizing.
[0063]
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, each of the first, second, and third line electrodes 32, 33, and 34 of the three layers may be one straight line, may be a straight line of two broken lines, It may be a straight line of three broken lines, a straight line of four or more broken lines, or a part or all of each line electrode may be a curved line such as an arc or a circle. May be.
[0064]
In addition, at least one of the plurality of transmission lines SL may be spiral, and the other may be meander / other. Furthermore, each line electrode of a plurality of transmission lines formed by dividing into three or more layers may be formed on the same dielectric layer (laminate), or a part or all of different dielectric layers (laminate). ).
[0065]
Further, one of the first ground electrode 21 and the second ground electrode 26 is omitted, and only the upper side or only the lower side of the three layers of the first, second and third line electrodes 32, 33 and 34. May be formed. Then, the line electrode on the opposite side of the ground electrode is not affected by the ground, and the mutual induction / mutual induction between the three layers of the first, second and third line electrodes 32, 33 and 34 is accordingly increased. The line length of the line electrode can be further shortened.
[0066]
  In the present invention, the first circuit, the second circuit, and the third circuit are connected, the connection between the first circuit and the third circuit, and the second circuit and the third circuit. A diode switch which forms at least a part of a switch circuit for switching connection with the laminated body, wherein the switch circuit has a cathode / anode connected to the first circuit side, and the third circuit A first diode having an anode / cathode connected to the side, a second diode having a cathode / anode connected to the second circuit side, and an anode / cathode connected to the ground side, and the first diode A first transmission line connected to the cathode / anode side of the diode and formed in the laminate or mounted as a chip component on the laminate; and between the third circuit and the second circuit A second transmission line connected and formed in the laminate, and at least one ground electrode formed in a layer different from the layer of the laminate in which the second transmission line is formed, and The second transmission line has a spiral shape and is divided into at least three layers, and the ground electrode is formed in an upper layer or a lower layer of the layer constituting the second transmission line, and the three layers Between, the line electrode of the 2nd transmission line of the transmission line which comprises a spiral shape is a diode switch which has a part which overlaps seeing projected. Thereby, the line electrode portion of the layer farther from the ground electrode is not affected by the ground, and the mutual induction / mutual induction between the three layers is not canceled. In this case, the same effect can be obtained even if the first transmission line and the second transmission line are completely replaced. This is the claim1This also applies to claim 3 and claim 3.
[0067]
In the present invention, the widths of the line electrodes of the respective layers forming the first or second transmission line having three or more layers are partially or entirely different from each other, or partially the same, or a line of one layer. The width of the electrode is thinner or thicker than the width of the line electrode in the other layer. As a result, even when the projected overlapping portions of each layer are slightly deviated during lamination, the area of the projected overlapping portion does not decrease / change, and therefore the inductance of the entire transmission line decreases / changes. Thus, the electrical line length of the line electrode of the transmission line is not shortened / changed, and product variations can be eliminated.
[0068]
In the present invention, the ground electrode is formed in a total of two layers on both outer sides (upper layer and lower layer) of the three layers where the first or second transmission line is formed in a spiral shape. Even in this case, the line electrode portions overlapping in the projection in the middle layer of the three layers are not affected by the ground, and the mutual induction / mutual induction between the three layers is not canceled.
[0069]
In the present invention, the first or second transmission line having three or more layers is square and has a single or one round, that is, a spiral shape having 3 to 4 turns. When the spiral shape of the line electrode becomes multiple / multiple, the shape becomes complicated, and it becomes more difficult to create overlapping portions in terms of projection, and it becomes difficult to increase the proportion of overlapping portions. Such a thing disappears.
[0070]
In the present invention, there are projection overlap portions of only two or more layers of line electrodes before and after the projection electrode overlap portions of the line electrodes of the first or second transmission line of three or more layers. As a result, before entering the very strong projection overlap of mutual induction / mutual induction by three or more layers, it is possible to pass through a slightly strong projection overlap of mutual induction / mutual induction by two or more layers, and gradually Can enter or exit the strong part of the induction / mutual induction, gradually change the electromagnetic characteristics of each part of the transmission line, can stabilize the electromagnetic characteristics, A leak signal or the like can be prevented.
[0071]
In the present invention, if the width of the outer transmission line is made narrower / the inner transmission line is made thicker among the three or more layers of transmission lines, the amount of material of the entire transmission line can be reduced. Conversely, if the width of the inner transmission line is made narrower / the width of the outer transmission line is made thicker among the three or more layers of transmission lines, the influence of the earth on the inner line electrode can be reduced. .
[0072]
In the present invention, the widths of three or more layers of transmission lines are alternately made thicker or thinner. As a result, even when the projected overlapping portions of each layer are gradually shifted in the stacking, the area of the projected overlapping portion does not decrease / change.
[0073]
In the present invention, when the transmission lines connected in a line from the lower layer to the upper layer / from the upper layer to the lower layer are traced, the directions of the spirals of the three or more transmission lines are changed from the outside to the center. It is switched alternately to the outside. This makes it easy to determine / design the shape of each line electrode so as to lengthen / increase the projection overlap.
[0074]
In the present invention, the spiral diameters of the three or more transmission lines are the same. Thereby, the length of the projection overlap part of each transmission line can be lengthened / increased, and the mechanical line length of the transmission line can be shortened.
[0075]
【The invention's effect】
In the diode switch of the present invention, the second transmission line has a spiral shape and is divided into at least three layers, and the ground electrode is an upper layer or a lower layer of the layer constituting the second transmission line. In addition, the line electrode of the second transmission line of the transmission line constituting the spiral shape has an overlapping portion as viewed in projection between these three layers.
[0076]
Therefore, the inductance increases due to the mutual induction / mutual induction between the three layers, and the length of the line electrode of the transmission line can be shortened, and the diode switch can be miniaturized. In addition, if the line electrodes of the transmission line overlap with each other in projection, the line electrode portion in a layer farther from the ground electrode among the line electrode portions overlapping in projection (projection overlap) There is an effect that the mutual magnetic induction / mutual induction between the three layers is not canceled by the influence of the earth.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of a switch circuit / diode switch of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a diode switch according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows a perspective appearance of the diode switch 1;
FIG. 4 shows an internal structure obtained by disassembling the multilayer body 11 of the diode switch 1;
FIG. 5 shows the shapes of three layers of first, second and third line electrodes 32, 33 and 34;
6 shows line electrodes 40, 41 when the first, second, and third line electrodes 32, 33, and 34 of the three layers are formed into two layers that can obtain the same characteristics with a 1 / 4λ transmission line at the same frequency. Indicates.
FIG. 7 shows the shape of the first, second and third line electrodes 32, 33 and 34 of the three layers of the second embodiment and the projected overlap between the three layers.
FIG. 8 shows the shapes of the first, second, and third line electrodes 32, 33, and 34 of the three layers of the second embodiment, and the projected overlap between the two layers.
9 shows a line electrode 40 in which the first, second and third line electrodes 32, 33 and 34 of the three layers of the second embodiment are made into two layers which can obtain the same characteristics with the same electric line length. , 41.
FIG. 10 shows the function of the switch circuit.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Diode switch, 11 ... Laminated body, 12 ... Diode element, 13 ... Chip capacitor, 20 ... Lower dielectric layer (laminated body), 21 ... 1st earth electrode, 22 ... 1st dielectric layer ( Laminate), 23 ... second dielectric layer (laminate), 24 ... third dielectric layer (laminate), 25 ... upper dielectric layer (laminate), 26 ... second ground electrode, 27: uppermost dielectric layer (laminated body), 32: first line electrode, 32a ... end, 33 ... second line electrode, 33a ... end, 33b ... end, 34 ... third line Electrode, 34a ... end, 36 ... first through hole electrode, 37 ... second through hole electrode, 40 ... lower line electrode, 40a ... end, 41 ... upper line electrode, 41a ... end, 42 ... through-hole electrode.
ANT ... antenna, TX ... transmitting circuit, RX ... receiving circuit, D1 ... first diode, D2 ... second diode, C1 ... first capacitor, C2 ... second capacitor, C3 ... third capacitor, R1 ... 1st resistance, R2 ... 2nd resistance, SL1 ... 1st transmission line, SL2 ... 2nd transmission line, VC1, VC2 ... Control circuit VC1.

Claims (6)

Connected to the first circuit, the second circuit, and the third circuit, the connection between the first circuit and the third circuit, and the connection between the second circuit and the third circuit A diode switch that forms at least a part of a switch circuit for switching inside the laminate,
The switch circuit is
A first diode having a cathode connected to the first circuit side and an anode connected to the third circuit side; and a cathode connected to the second circuit side and an anode connected to the ground side. A second diode
A first transmission line connected to the cathode side of the first diode and formed in the stacked body or mounted as a chip component on the stacked body, and connected between the third circuit and the second circuit A second transmission line formed in the laminate,
At least one ground electrode formed in a layer different from the layer of the laminate in which the second transmission line is formed;
With
The second transmission line has a spiral shape and is composed of line electrodes formed in at least three layers of an upper layer, a middle layer, and a lower layer (hereinafter referred to as “n layer” ( 4 ≧ n ≧ 3)). ,
The ground electrode is formed on the upper layer or the lower layer of the layer constituting the second transmission line,
Between the line electrodes formed in the n layer, there is a projection overlap portion that overlaps in a projection view,
A diode switch characterized in that, with respect to the projection overlap portion formed by the n layer line electrodes, the projection overlap portion formed by only the (n-1) layer line electrodes is adjacent to each other. The first transmission line is formed in a laminate;
The first transmission line has a spiral shape and is divided into at least three layers.
The ground electrode is formed on an upper layer or a lower layer of the layer constituting the first transmission line,
In addition, the diode switch according to claim 1, wherein a line electrode of the first transmission line constituting the spiral shape overlaps between the three layers in a projection view. Connected to the first circuit, the second circuit, and the third circuit, the connection between the first circuit and the third circuit, and the connection between the second circuit and the third circuit A diode switch that forms at least a part of a switch circuit for switching inside the laminate,
The switch circuit is
A first diode having an anode connected to the first circuit side, a cathode connected to the third circuit side, and an anode connected to the second circuit side, and a cathode connected to the ground side A second diode
A first transmission line connected to the anode side of the first diode and formed in the stacked body or mounted as a chip component on the stacked body, and connected between the third circuit and the second circuit A second transmission line formed in the laminate,
At least one ground electrode formed in a layer different from the layer of the laminate in which the second transmission line is formed;
With
The second transmission line has a spiral shape and is composed of line electrodes formed in at least three layers of an upper layer, a middle layer, and a lower layer (hereinafter referred to as “n layer” ( 4 ≧ n ≧ 3)). ,
The ground electrode is formed on the upper layer or the lower layer of the layer constituting the second transmission line,
Between the line electrodes formed in the n layer, there is a projection overlap portion that overlaps in a projection view,
A diode switch characterized in that, with respect to the projection overlap portion formed by the n layer line electrodes, the projection overlap portion formed by only the (n-1) layer line electrodes is adjacent to each other. The first transmission line is formed in a laminate;
The first transmission line has a spiral shape and is divided into at least three layers.
The ground electrode is formed on an upper layer or a lower layer of the layer constituting the first transmission line,
Furthermore, the diode switch according to claim 3, wherein the line electrode of the first transmission line constituting the spiral shape overlaps between the three layers in a projection view.   The widths of the line electrodes of the respective layers forming the first or second transmission line are partly or entirely different from each other, or partly the same, or the widths of the line electrodes of one layer are the same as those of the other layers. 5. The diode switch according to claim 1, wherein the diode switch is thinner or thicker than a width of the line electrode.   The width of the line electrode of each layer forming the first or second transmission line is the widest width of the line electrode formed in the middle layer according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5. Diode switch.

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