CN213989160U

CN213989160U - Coupling structure, resonance structure, low-frequency radiation unit, antenna and electromagnetic boundary

Info

Publication number: CN213989160U
Application number: CN202023325240.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赖展军; 郑之伦; 李明超; 苏国生; 梁嘉驹; 刘培涛; 王强
Original assignee: Comba Telecom Technology Guangzhou Ltd; Jingxin RF Technology Guangzhou Co ltd
Current assignee: Comba Telecom Technology Guangzhou Ltd; Jingxin RF Technology Guangzhou Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-31
Filing date: 2020-12-31
Publication date: 2021-08-17
Anticipated expiration: 2030-12-31

Abstract

The utility model provides a resonant structure, low frequency radiating element, antenna and electromagnetism border of coupling structure and applied this coupling structure. Wherein the coupling structure comprises at least two layers of conductors having a capacitive coupling relationship, each layer of conductors comprising a plurality of conductor strips arranged side by side and having gaps, at least one conductor strip of the plurality of conductor strips of the same layer being electrically different from an adjacent conductor strip in operation, between the conductor strips of two different layers, at least one conductor strip of one layer being electrically different from at least one conductor strip of the other layer and at least partially overlapping each other in a mutual projection direction. Therefore, when the antenna works, a coupling relation can be formed between one conductor strip and another conductor strip which is adjacent to the same layer and has a potential difference, and a coupling relation also exists between the conductor strip which is opposite to the other conductor strip and has a potential difference, so that a larger coupling amount can be realized, the size of a coupling structure can be reduced, and the miniaturization of the antenna and the enhancement of the radiation performance can be realized.

Description

Coupling structure, resonance structure, low-frequency radiation unit, antenna and electromagnetic boundary

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a mobile communication technology field particularly, the utility model relates to a resonant structure, radiating element, low frequency antenna and electromagnetism boundary of coupled structure and applied this coupled structure.

Background

With the development of mobile communication systems, products and components for communication systems, such as base station antennas and filters, combiners, duplexers, etc., have been rapidly developed, and coupling structures are often used in feed structures, radiating arms, electromagnetic boundaries of antenna radiating elements, and transmission lines having filtering characteristics.

It is well known that the amount of coupling of a coupling structure (generally referred to as capacitance in a capacitive coupling structure) is proportional to the amount of charge, and is also related to the overlapping area of the plates having a potential difference. Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional coupling structure, and it can be seen from the diagram that the direction of the electric field in the coupling structure is directed from a conductor with high potential (positive charge) to a conductor with low potential (negative charge), and the charges are mainly concentrated on the lower surface of an upper conductor and the upper surface of a lower conductor. Thus, in order to achieve a large coupling amount, a wider microstrip line or metal layer is used as much as possible to constitute a coupling structure, or a multilayer inter-metal coupling is used to achieve a desired coupling amount.

However, when the coupling structure is applied to an antenna, for example, when the radiation element is used as a radiation arm, the coupling structure formed by the wide microstrip line (or the metal layer) has a large area, and provides a sufficient coupling amount, and when other radiation elements placed in a neighborhood are in an operating state, strong induced current is easily generated, thereby affecting performance indexes of other radiation elements placed in the neighborhood.

And the coupling device is manufactured by adopting a plurality of layers of PCBs to realize the required large coupling amount, the process is more complex and the cost is higher.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The primary object of the present invention is to provide a coupling structure that is simple in structure and can be advantageously reduced in size on the basis of providing the required amount of coupling.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a resonant structure using the above coupling structure.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a low frequency radiating element using the above resonant structure.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an antenna using the above radiating element.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic boundary using the above resonant structure.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:

in a first aspect, there is provided a coupling structure comprising at least two layers of conductors in a capacitive coupling relationship, each layer of conductors comprising a plurality of side-by-side conductor strips with gaps, at least one conductor strip of the plurality of conductor strips of the same layer being at an electrical potential difference, in use, with an adjacent conductor strip, between conductor strips of different layers, wherein at least one conductor strip of one layer is at an electrical potential difference with at least one conductor strip of another layer and at least partially overlaps in mutual projection.

Optionally, the conductor strip of each layer of conductors is operated at two relative potentials, a high potential and a low potential, a part of the conductor strip is operated at the high potential, and another part of the conductor strip having a coupling relation therewith is operated at the low potential.

Alternatively, a conductor strip operating at a high potential is connected to one conductor segment and a conductor strip operating at a low potential is connected to another conductor segment.

Furthermore, the coupling structure further comprises a dielectric plate, each layer of conductors is stacked along the thickness direction of the dielectric plate, two conductor sections are arranged on the surface of the dielectric plate, the conductor sections and conductor strips which are located on the same layer and work at the same potential are integrally formed, and the conductor sections and the conductor strips which are located on two different layers are electrically connected with the conductor sections through metallized through holes.

Optionally, two of the conductor segments are provided at both ends of the conductor strip.

Alternatively, in a plurality of conductor strips of the same layer, a potential difference exists between every two adjacent conductor strips due to the fact that the conductor strips respectively work at two different potentials.

Optionally, two conductor strips operating at one potential are arranged between at least two conductor strips operating at another potential in the conductor strips of the same layer.

Optionally, the number of conductor strips operating at a high potential is the same as or different from the number of conductor strips operating at a low potential.

Optionally, the sum of projected areas of the conductor strips is larger than the sum of projected areas of the gaps between the conductor strips in the direction in which the layers of conductor strips are stacked.

Optionally, the sum of the widths of the conductor strips is greater than the sum of the widths of the gaps between the conductor strips on the same layer of conductors.

As a second aspect, the present invention relates to a resonant structure, including a capacitor and an inductor, the capacitor is connected in series or in parallel with the inductor, wherein the capacitor is formed by the above coupling structure.

Optionally, the inductor includes a meander conductor or a loop conductor disposed on the dielectric substrate.

As a third aspect, the present invention relates to a low frequency radiating element, comprising a radiating arm, said radiating arm comprising the above-mentioned resonant structure.

Optionally, the radiating arm is a ring-shaped radiating arm formed by connecting a plurality of the resonant structures.

As a fourth aspect, the present invention relates to an antenna, including a low frequency radiation unit, the low frequency radiation unit is the above-mentioned low frequency radiation unit.

Furthermore, the antenna also comprises a high-frequency radiation unit, wherein the high-frequency radiation unit is arranged between two adjacent low-frequency radiation units, and/or the high-frequency radiation unit is arranged between two adjacent radiation arms of the low-frequency radiation unit.

Furthermore, the antenna also comprises an electromagnetic boundary, and the electromagnetic boundary is arranged around the low-frequency radiation unit in an enclosing manner.

Optionally, the electromagnetic boundary is formed by a plurality of said resonant structures being connected.

As a fourth aspect, the present invention relates to an electromagnetic boundary for being disposed between radiating elements to avoid interference between the radiating elements, the electromagnetic boundary comprising said resonant structure.

The utility model provides a beneficial effect that technical scheme brought is:

1. the utility model discloses an among the coupling structure, through the conductor that has coupling relation between two-layer a plurality of conductor strips of separating on every layer to make the conductor strip have the potential difference with being located the same one deck and adjacent conductor strip at the during operation, thereby can make the electric field direction have by the conductor strip that the electric potential is high the conductor strip that directional the same one deck electric potential is low conductor strip and directional another layer electric potential is low these two kinds of routes of conductor strip, carry more charges on the conductor strip, thereby can realize bigger coupling volume, also promptly, when realizing the same coupling volume, the utility model discloses a coupling structure's size is littleer.

2. The utility model discloses an among the coupling structure, the conductor area of work in same electric potential is connected with a conductor section, and the conductor area of work in another electric potential is connected in another conductor section to the concrete appearance does, is located the conductor area and the conductor section integrated into one piece of same one deck with the conductor section, is located dissimilar two-layer conductor area with the conductor section and passes through the metallization via hole and be connected with the conductor section, only needs to come to apply voltage to all conductor areas through two conductor sections, makes it form the coupled relation, and the structure is comparatively simple.

3. The utility model discloses an among the resonance structure, owing to adopt above-mentioned coupling structure, have coupling structure's advantage. When the resonant structure is applied to a radiation arm of a radiation unit, when the size of the radiation arm is the same as that of a medium material, a lower resonant frequency can be realized by adopting the resonant structure.

4. The utility model discloses an among the radiating element, owing to adopt above-mentioned resonant structure, when realizing the same resonant frequency, the size of radiation arm is littleer, is favorable to the miniaturization of antenna.

5. The utility model discloses an in the antenna, owing to adopt above-mentioned radiating element, antenna size is littleer, radiation performance is more excellent.

6. The utility model discloses an among the electromagnetic boundary, owing to adopt above-mentioned resonant structure, it is band-pass characteristic at the low frequency channel, presents the high resistance characteristic at the high frequency channel, can be applied to and improve the performance of low frequency oscillator in the dual-frenquency antenna, weakens the influence to the high frequency oscillator simultaneously.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below.

FIG. 1 is an electromagnetic schematic diagram of a conventional coupling structure;

fig. 2a is a schematic structural diagram of a coupling structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2b is a schematic structural diagram of a coupling structure according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of the coupling structure of FIG. 2b, illustrating the orientation of the electric field when the coupling structure is in operation;

FIG. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the coupling structure shown in FIG. 2 b;

FIG. 5 shows a dual port S for the coupling structure and the conventional coupling structure of the present invention₂₁A parameter simulation graph;

FIG. 6 shows the coupling structure and the conventional coupling structure of the present inventionSingle port S₁₁A parameter simulation graph;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a coupling structure according to another embodiment of the present invention, showing a plurality of conductor strips of a single-layer conductor and their interrelation;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a coupling structure according to yet another embodiment of the present invention, showing a plurality of conductor strips of a single-layer conductor and their interrelation;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a resonant structure for a linear vibrator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a resonant structure for a linear vibrator according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a structural comparison of three linear transducers;

FIG. 12 is a graph showing the return loss simulation of the three types of linear oscillators shown in FIG. 11;

fig. 13 is a perspective view of a low frequency radiating element according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 14 is a schematic view of a radiation surface of a low-frequency radiation unit according to another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 15 is a perspective view of the low frequency radiating element shown in fig. 14;

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic boundary according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of an electromagnetic boundary according to another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 18 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the electromagnetic boundary of the present invention;

fig. 19 is a graph of the frequency response of the electromagnetic boundary of the present invention;

fig. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While certain embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated in the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that the invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather are provided for a more thorough and complete understanding of the present invention. It should be understood that the drawings and examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.

It should be understood that the various steps recited in the method embodiments of the present invention may be performed in a different order and/or performed in parallel. Moreover, method embodiments may include additional steps and/or omit performing the illustrated steps. The scope of the present invention is not limited in this respect.

The term "include" and variations thereof as used herein are open-ended, i.e., "including but not limited to". The term "coupled" may refer to direct coupling or indirect coupling via intermediate members (elements). The term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments". Relevant definitions for other terms will be given in the following description.

It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like in the present invention are only used for distinguishing the devices, modules or units, and are not used for limiting the devices, modules or units to be different devices, modules or units, and also for limiting the sequence or interdependence of the functions performed by the devices, modules or units.

Referring to fig. 2 to 8, as a first aspect, the utility model relates to a coupling structure 10, mainly show as capacitive coupling characteristic, can regard as an electric capacity exclusive use, also can be connected with inductance element and constitute LC resonance structure, be applicable to the feed structure of base station antenna, among radiating element's radiating arm and the electromagnetism boundary, a size for reducing coupling structure under the prerequisite that provides required coupling volume, and then be favorable to the miniaturized design of antenna, in addition, this coupling structure is used in LC resonance structure and mainly embodies the electric capacity characteristic, make resonance structure have lower resonance frequency, have the low frequency band pass, the band elimination characteristic of high frequency, can strengthen the radiation performance of multifrequency antenna.

The coupling structure 10 includes at least two layers of conductors, and two adjacent layers of conductors are stacked together, so that when a voltage is applied to the two adjacent layers of conductors, a potential difference exists between the two layers of conductors to form a capacitor, that is, a capacitive coupling relationship exists.

The at least two layers of conductors can be supported by the dielectric plate 3, and when the conductors are provided with two layers, the two layers of conductors are respectively arranged on the front surface and the back surface of the dielectric plate; when the conductor is provided with three or more layers, the dielectric plate is a multilayer dielectric plate, the multilayer conductors are arranged in a layered mode along the thickness direction of the dielectric plate, and the two layers of conductors are arranged on the two outermost surfaces of the dielectric plate respectively.

The conductor can also be supported in a mode of point contact with the conductor through the medium supporting piece, and the conductor on the upper layer is arranged in a suspension mode relative to the conductor on the lower layer.

Therefore, the conductors are arranged in a layered manner, so that a coupling gap is formed between the two different conductors, and after voltage is applied, a coupling relation can be formed between the two different conductors.

The specific structure and the operation principle of the coupling structure of the present invention will be described below by taking the example that the coupling structure 10 has two layers of

conductors

1 and 2.

The coupling structure comprises two layers of

conductors

1 and 2 and a dielectric plate 3, wherein the two layers of

conductors

1 and 2 are respectively arranged on the front surface and the back surface of the dielectric plate 3. Each layer of conductors comprises a plurality of conductor strips which are arranged side by side and have gaps; and between the conductor bands of the two adjacent layers of conductors, the mutual projection of the upper conductor band and the lower conductor band at least partially overlaps.

In one embodiment, the plurality of conductor strips of each layer of conductors are operated at two potentials having a potential difference between a high potential and a low potential, and a voltage is applied to the conductor strips, that is, when the conductor strips are operated, a part of the conductor strips is at the high potential, and another part of the conductor strips is at the low potential, so that an electric field pointing from the high potential to the low potential can be formed, that is, a coupling relationship is formed between the conductor strips of the same layer.

Between the conductor strips of two adjacent layers, the plurality of conductor strips positioned on the upper layer and the plurality of conductor strips positioned on the lower layer are opposite in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the projections of the conductor strips are overlapped, and the electric potential between the conductor strips of the upper layer and the corresponding conductor strips of the lower layer is opposite, so that an electric field pointing from a high electric potential to a low electric potential is formed between every two corresponding conductor strips of two different layers.

Referring to fig. 3, in fig. 3, a high potential is represented by a + sign, and a low potential is represented by a-sign. In this embodiment, the coupling structure has four conductor strips, two per layer. The conductor strip 11 and the conductor strip 12 are located on the front side of the dielectric plate 3, the conductor strip 21 and the conductor strip 22 are located on the reverse side of the dielectric plate 3, and the two conductor strips on the same side are separated by a gap.

Of the two conductor strips of the same layer, with respect to the conductor strip 11 and the conductor strip 12 on the front surface of the dielectric plate 3, the conductor strip 11 is positively charged to take a high potential, and the conductor strip 12 is negatively charged to take a low potential; for the conductor strip 21 and the conductor strip 22 on the opposite side of the dielectric plate, the conductor strip 21 is positively charged and assumes a high potential, and the conductor strip 22 is negatively charged and assumes a low potential, so that the two conductor strips of the same layer, which carry different charges, have opposite potentials and have a potential difference, an electric field directed from the high potential conductor strip to the low potential conductor strip can be formed.

And between the conductor strips of the two different layers, the conductor strip 11 and the conductor strip 22 are opposite and opposite in potential, and the conductor strip 12 and the conductor strip 21 are opposite and opposite in potential, so that an electric field directed from the high-potential conductor strip to the low-potential conductor strip can be formed between the conductor strips of the two different layers.

As can be seen from the figure, in the coupling structure of the above example, the path of the electric field directed from the conductor strip of high potential to the conductor strip of low potential includes a path inside the dielectric plate and a path on the surface of the dielectric plate, so that both the front and back sides of the conductor strip can carry charges, and more charges can be carried relative to the conventional coupling structure, thereby having a larger coupling capacitance.

Fig. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the coupling structure provided by the present invention, which shows that the coupling amount of the coupling structure has both the capacitor C1 and the capacitor C2, and the coupling amount of the capacitor C2 is increased compared with the conventional coupling structure. For comparison, the coupling amount of the coupling structure of the present invention is equal to that of the conventional coupling structure, and the projection size is the same (20 square centimeters at the same time)) The above coupling structure and the conventional coupling structure, and performing the dual port S thereto₂₁Parameters and Single Port S₁₁Performing parameter simulation to form the two ports S of the coupling structure shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6₂₁Parameters and Single Port S₁₁The simulation graph of the parameters, in addition, according to the corresponding equivalent circuit, can calculate the parameter values shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 parameter values of equivalent circuits

It can be seen from equivalent circuit's parameter value, under the same condition of projection size, the coupling volume of conventional face coupling structure only has electric capacity C1, and the utility model discloses coupling structure's coupling volume has electric capacity C1 and electric capacity C2, the utility model discloses a coupling structure's electric capacity is higher than conventional coupling structure, has better coupling effect, and this characteristic helps improving the turn-on characteristic of coupling structure when high frequency application. This property can be equivalently described as: the novel coupling structure can have smaller size if the capacitance value required by the design is the same, and the characteristic is favorable for realizing the miniaturization of the device.

When a greater amount of coupling is required, more conductor strips can be provided per layer. Referring to fig. 7, this embodiment is an extension of the above embodiment, each layer of conductor has four conductor strips, and taking four conductor strips of one layer of conductor as an example, two conductor strips 11 and 13 operate at a high potential, the other two conductor strips 12 and 14 operate at a low potential, and the four conductor strips are alternately arranged in a manner of having a potential difference, so that a coupling relationship is formed between every two adjacent conductor strips of the same layer, and a larger coupling amount can be achieved.

In addition, the number of conductor strips operating at two potentials may or may not be equal, and in one embodiment, the number of conductor strips operating at one potential is greater than the number of conductor strips operating at the other potential to achieve a particular amount of coupling.

Referring to fig. 8, the conductor strips 12, 14, 16, 18 shown in phantom are operated at one potential and the blank conductor strips 11, 13, 15, 17 are operated at another potential. As can be seen from the figure, two adjacent conductor strips 15, 17 operating at the same potential may be provided with two conductor strips 16, 18 operating at another potential, and a directional electric field is formed between the conductor strips operating at one potential and the adjacent conductor strips operating at the opposite potential (i.e. there is a potential difference), so that there is a coupling relationship.

In addition, a plurality of voltages can be applied to the plurality of conductor strips in the same layer, so that the electric potentials among the plurality of conductor strips are increased gradually along one direction to form a gradually changed electric field, and therefore, a coupling relation can be formed between two adjacent conductor strips, and the coupling amount is improved.

In addition, the mutual projections of the corresponding conductor strips of the upper layer and the lower layer can not be completely overlapped, the projections between the conductor strips with potential difference are at least partially overlapped, and the coupling function can also be realized.

In summary, in the coupling structure, at least one conductor strip has a potential difference with an adjacent conductor strip when a voltage is applied to operate, so that an electric field pointing from a conductor strip with a high potential to a conductor strip with a low potential is generated, and a capacitive coupling relationship is formed. Between the conductor strips of two different layers, at least one conductor strip of one layer has a potential difference with at least one conductor strip of the other layer during operation, and overlapping regions exist on the projection of each other, so that an electric field from a conductor strip with high potential to a conductor strip with low potential can be formed, and a capacitive coupling relation is formed.

Therefore, the utility model discloses an among the coupling structure, both formed high potential to the electric field of low potential between the different two-layer conductor area, also formed high potential to the electric field of low potential between the adjacent conductor area of the same one deck, for the structure of conventional face coupling, the coupling structure has more coupling paths for taking the coupling, realizes bigger coupling volume, in other words, when realizing the same coupling volume, the coupling structure's size is littleer.

With reference to fig. 2a, fig. 2b and fig. 7, optionally, the coupling structure further includes two conductor segments 4, which are used for being connected to an external transmission line to access a voltage for the coupling structure, where the conductor segments 4 specifically include a first conductor segment 41 and a second conductor segment 42, and the first conductor segment 41 and the second conductor segment 42 are disposed on one surface of the dielectric plate 3 and connected to the conductor strip.

In fig. 2a, the conductor strips 11, 21 operating at a high potential are connected to the second conductor segments 42 and the conductor strips 12, 22 operating at a low potential are connected to the first conductor segments 41. In fig. 7, the conductor strips 11, 13 operating at a high potential are connected to the second conductor segments 42, and the conductor strips 12, 14 operating at a low potential are connected to the first conductor segments 41, the conductor strips being alternately arranged with a potential difference therebetween. Thus, when a voltage is applied to the two conductor segments, the conductor strips connected to the second conductor segments 42 are all positively charged, the conductor strips connected to the first conductor segments 41 are all negatively charged, and a potential difference is present between the conductor strips with different charges, thereby forming a coupling relationship.

From the above, the conductor strip is layered on the dielectric plate and has at least two layers, and the conductor segment is disposed on the surface of the dielectric plate (i.e. one layer of the surface of the dielectric plate), in order to realize the energy supply of the conductor strip by the conductor segment (i.e. the conductor segment supplies the required charge to the conductor strip), wherein the conductor strip located in the same layer as the conductor segment is integrally formed with the conductor segment, and the conductor strip not located in the same layer as the conductor segment is connected with the conductor segment by the metalized via hole, thereby the conductor strip can be supplied with energy by two conductor segments, and each layer of conductor has the conductor strip operating at two different operating potentials, i.e. high potential and low potential, so that the circuit layout of the coupling structure is simpler.

Preferably, the first conductor segment and the second conductor segment are respectively arranged at two ends of the conductor strip, so that when the first conductor segment and the second conductor segment are applied to a circuit, the input and the output of the circuit are arranged at two ends of the conductor strip, and the circuit design is convenient.

In the coupling structure of the above example, the capacitive coupling relationship is formed between two layers of conductors, the coupling amount is improved by increasing the pointing path of the electric field, and the size is reduced relative to the coupling structure of a wide microstrip line when the same coupling amount is realized; compared with a coupling structure of a multilayer PCB, the coupling quantity target can be achieved by only using a single-layer circuit board, and the cost is reduced.

As an extension, the coupling structure has a plurality of layers of conductors, which are stacked in the thickness direction of the dielectric plate. The arrangement of each layer of conductors and the relationship between two different layers of conductors are the same as those in the above embodiments, and are not described herein again. Thereby, a coupling relationship can be formed between the conductor stripes of each two adjacent layers of conductors, so that a larger coupling amount can be achieved.

The plurality of conductor strips of each layer of conductors may be cut out of planar conductors with gaps between adjacent conductors, and the sum of the projected areas of the conductor strips in the direction in which the conductors are stacked is greater than the sum of the projected areas of the gaps between the conductor strips. Optionally, the sum of the widths of the conductor strips is greater than the sum of the widths of the gaps between the conductor strips on the same layer of conductor, so that the removed area of the conductor is less than the newly added area carrying charge, thereby achieving a greater amount of coupling than can be achieved with conventional coupling structures.

Referring to fig. 9 to 12, as a second aspect, the present invention relates to a resonant structure, which is a practical application of the above coupling structure, and can be applied to an antenna element for radiating a signal. The resonant structure is embodied in that the coupling structure 10 is connected in series (or in parallel) with the inductor 20 to form an LC series resonant structure (or an LC parallel resonant structure), and has the characteristics of being conductive at a resonant frequency and presenting high impedance at a deviation from the resonant frequency, so that after the resonant structure is used for a radiating arm, the radiating arm has a band-pass type filtering characteristic, and the size of the radiating arm is further reduced.

Referring to fig. 9, in an embodiment, the inductor is a broken line inductor, specifically, a broken line conductor having an inductance characteristic and disposed on the dielectric board, and is connected to one conductor segment in the coupling structure, so as to implement a series connection between the broken line inductor and the coupling structure.

Referring to fig. 10, in another embodiment, the inductor is a surrounding inductor, specifically, a surrounding conductor disposed on the dielectric board and having an inductance characteristic, and is connected to one conductor segment in the coupling structure, so as to realize a series connection between the surrounding inductor and the coupling structure.

To illustrate the characteristic that the coupling structure of the present invention can reduce the size of the radiating arm, the following three linear dipoles are compared, as shown in fig. 11, the length of three calculation models, i.e. dipole _1, dipole _2 and dipole _3 is the same, wherein, dipole _1 is the conventional dipole, dipole _2 is the dipole loaded with the surrounding inductor, and dipole _3 is the dipole loaded with the LC series resonant circuit composed of the coupling structure and the surrounding inductor of the present invention, and the parameters of the dielectric plate 3 used by the three dipoles are the same, and the echo loss calculated by the simulation software is shown in fig. 12. As can be seen from fig. 12, the resonance frequency of the dipole using the coupling structure plus the surrounding inductor of the present invention is the lowest, which also means that the structure of dipole _3 can have the smallest size if the dipole with the same resonance frequency is designed.

Referring to fig. 13 to 15, as a third aspect, the present invention relates to a low frequency radiation unit, which includes a radiation surface and a feeding balun 5 for supporting and feeding the radiation surface, wherein the radiation surface includes four radiation arms arranged in a cross shape, and the radiation arms are preferably ring-shaped radiation arms formed by connecting the above resonance structures.

Among them, in the low-frequency radiating element shown in fig. 13, a single coupling structure has four conductor strips; in the low-frequency radiating element shown in fig. 15, a single coupling structure has eight conductor strips, and a larger coupling amount can be achieved as compared with a coupling structure of four conductor strips.

By adopting the resonance structure as a constituent element of the low-frequency radiation unit radiation arm, the resonance frequency is lower compared with the radiation arm adopting a conventional resonance structure, so that the size of the radiation arm can be reduced, and the miniaturization of the antenna is facilitated.

Please refer to fig. 20, as a fourth aspect, the present invention further relates to an antenna 1000, which includes the low-frequency radiating element 100, the high-frequency radiating element 200, and the electromagnetic boundary 300, wherein the high-frequency radiating element is disposed between two adjacent low-frequency radiating elements, and/or the high-frequency radiating element is disposed between two adjacent radiating arms of the low-frequency radiating element, and the electromagnetic boundary 300 is disposed around the low-frequency radiating element 100 for reducing interference between the radiating elements, so as to enhance radiation performance of the antenna.

In addition, when the band-pass characteristic of the electromagnetic boundary is configured to be the same as that of the low-frequency radiating unit 100, when the high-impedance characteristic is exhibited in the frequency band of the high-frequency radiating unit, the performance of the low-frequency radiating unit can be improved while the influence on the high-frequency radiating unit is reduced.

In addition, the utility model discloses a coupling structure also can be applied to among the electromagnetism border, consequently, please combine fig. 16 to fig. 19, as the fifth aspect, the utility model discloses still provide the electromagnetism border of using above-mentioned resonant structure, it is formed by connecting a plurality of above-mentioned resonant structure for set up between the radiating element in order to reduce the interference between the radiating element, strengthen the radiation performance of antenna.

Fig. 16 shows an electromagnetic boundary in which the coupling structure has a dielectric plate in which the longitudinal direction of the conductor strip is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the dielectric plate; fig. 17 shows an electromagnetic boundary in which the coupling structure has a dielectric plate in which the longitudinal direction of the conductor strip is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the dielectric plate. In other words, the utility model discloses an electromagnetic boundary can be set up the extending direction of conductor area by technical staff according to actual need to the space of rational utilization dielectric plate with make things convenient for circuit design.

Because the utility model discloses an inductance value among the equivalent circuit of coupling structure is less (is far less than the inductance value of broken line type inductance), mainly presents the capacitive characteristic during practical application, and the equivalent circuit after the connection of broken line type inductance is shown as figure 18, the utility model discloses an electromagnetic boundary can be regarded as cascading by a plurality of resonance structure and forms. The frequency response characteristic of the circuit is shown in fig. 19, and the band-pass characteristic presented by the electromagnetic boundary enables a novel electromagnetic boundary to be used for improving the indexes of the radiation units in a specific frequency band in the multi-frequency antenna.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the invention and is intended to illustrate the technical principles applied. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific combination of the above-mentioned features, but also covers other embodiments formed by any combination of the above-mentioned features or their equivalents without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, the above features are mutually replaced with (but not limited to) technical features having similar functions of the present invention.

Although the subject matter has been described in language specific to structural features and/or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.

Claims

1. A coupling structure comprising at least two layers of conductors in a capacitively coupled relationship, wherein each layer of conductors comprises a plurality of side-by-side conductor strips having gaps, at least one conductor strip of the plurality of conductor strips of the same layer being at an electrical potential difference, in use, with an adjacent conductor strip, between conductor strips of different layers, and wherein at least one conductor strip of one layer is at an electrical potential difference with at least one conductor strip of another layer and at least partially overlaps in mutual projection with each other.

2. The coupling structure of claim 1 wherein the conductor strips of each layer of conductors are operated at two relative potentials, a high potential and a low potential, with a portion of the conductor strips being operated at the high potential and another portion of the conductor strips in coupling relationship therewith being operated at the low potential.

3. The coupling structure according to claim 2, wherein the conductor strip operating at a high potential is connected to one conductor section and the conductor strip operating at a low potential is connected to another conductor section.

4. The coupling structure according to claim 3, further comprising a dielectric plate, wherein each layer of conductors is stacked along the thickness direction of the dielectric plate, each conductor segment is disposed on the surface of the dielectric plate, and the conductor segment is integrally formed with a conductor strip on the same layer and working at the same electric potential, and is electrically connected with a conductor strip on a different layer and working at the same electric potential through a metalized via.

5. The coupling structure according to claim 3, wherein two of said conductor segments are provided at both ends of a conductor strip.

6. The coupling structure of claim 2, wherein, in the plurality of conductor strips of the same layer, each two adjacent conductor strips respectively operate at different potentials and have a potential difference therebetween.

7. A coupling structure according to claim 2, characterized in that of the conductor strips of the same layer, at least two conductor strips operating at one potential are provided with two conductor strips operating at another potential in between.

8. The coupling structure according to claim 2, characterized in that the number of conductor strips operating at a high potential is the same or different from the number of conductor strips operating at a low potential.

9. The coupling structure of claim 1, wherein the sum of projected areas of the conductor strips is greater than the sum of projected areas of the gaps between the conductor strips in the stacking direction of the conductor strips in each layer.

10. The coupling structure of claim 9, wherein the sum of the widths of the conductor strips is greater than the sum of the widths of the gaps between the conductor strips on the same layer of conductors.

11. A resonant structure comprising a capacitor and an inductor, said capacitor being connected in series or in parallel with the inductor, characterized in that said capacitor is constituted by a coupling structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. The resonant structure of claim 11, wherein the inductor comprises a meander conductor or a loop conductor disposed on a dielectric substrate.

13. A low frequency radiating element comprising a radiating arm, characterized in that the radiating arm comprises a resonant structure according to claim 11 or 12.

14. The low frequency radiating element of claim 13, wherein the radiating arm is a ring radiating arm formed by connecting a plurality of the resonant structures.

15. An antenna comprising a low frequency radiating element, wherein the low frequency radiating element is the low frequency radiating element of claim 13 or 14.

16. The antenna according to claim 15, further comprising a high frequency radiating element, wherein the high frequency radiating element is arranged between two adjacent low frequency radiating elements, and/or the high frequency radiating element is arranged between two adjacent radiating arms of the low frequency radiating element.

17. The antenna of claim 16, further comprising an electromagnetic border, wherein the electromagnetic border is disposed around the low frequency radiating element.

18. The antenna of claim 17, wherein the electromagnetic boundary is formed by a plurality of the resonant structure connections.

19. An electromagnetic boundary for being arranged between radiating elements to avoid interference between the radiating elements, characterized in that the electromagnetic boundary comprises a resonant structure according to claim 11 or 12.