JP3843722B2 - Thickening gel composition - Google Patents
Thickening gel composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP3843722B2 JP3843722B2 JP2000285620A JP2000285620A JP3843722B2 JP 3843722 B2 JP3843722 B2 JP 3843722B2 JP 2000285620 A JP2000285620 A JP 2000285620A JP 2000285620 A JP2000285620 A JP 2000285620A JP 3843722 B2 JP3843722 B2 JP 3843722B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gel
- composition according
- thickened
- agent
- colloidal silica
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 186
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 title claims description 24
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 157
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 claims description 106
- UYMKPFRHYYNDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenamine Chemical compound NC=C UYMKPFRHYYNDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 90
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 53
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 36
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002781 deodorant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012776 electronic material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012756 surface treatment agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- RQAKESSLMFZVMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenylacetamide Chemical compound CC(=O)NC=C RQAKESSLMFZVMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- CYDQOEWLBCCFJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-fluorophenyl)oxane-4-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C=1C=C(F)C=CC=1C1(C(=O)O)CCOCC1 CYDQOEWLBCCFJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- PHZLMBHDXVLRIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium lactate Chemical compound [K+].CC(O)C([O-])=O PHZLMBHDXVLRIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001521 potassium lactate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011085 potassium lactate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960001304 potassium lactate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001540 sodium lactate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011088 sodium lactate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940005581 sodium lactate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 3
- PNLUGRYDUHRLOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenyl-n-methylacetamide Chemical compound C=CN(C)C(C)=O PNLUGRYDUHRLOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 138
- -1 bioelectrode Substances 0.000 description 58
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 56
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 38
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 35
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 34
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 30
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 26
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 26
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 13
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000008177 pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 7
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- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 description 7
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WRMNZCZEMHIOCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethanol Chemical compound OCCC1=CC=CC=C1 WRMNZCZEMHIOCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 4
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZQXSMRAEXCEDJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenylformamide Chemical compound C=CNC=O ZQXSMRAEXCEDJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 4
- ZQBAKBUEJOMQEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 ZQBAKBUEJOMQEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、N−ビニルアミド重合体とコロイダルシリカを含有する増粘ゲル状組成物に関し、芳香剤基剤および/または消臭剤基剤、忌避剤基剤および/または殺虫剤基剤、保冷剤、鮮度保持剤、乾燥防止剤、繊維処理剤、吸水性シート、土壌改良剤、地盤注入剤、接地抵抗低減剤、防火性板ガラス、防火性窓ガラス、外用医薬剤基剤、化粧品基剤、生体用電極、表面処理剤、紙加工剤、電子材料用コーティング剤等として用いることのできる増粘ゲル状組成物に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、N−ビニルカルボン酸アミド(共)重合体よりゲル状組成物を作製するには、重合性二重結合を2個以上持つ架橋剤の存在下に重合を行うことによって架橋重合体とし、それに目的とする液体を吸収させてゲル状組成物を得る方法、共重合成分として反応性の官能器を有するモノマー(例えば、(メタ)アクリル酸およびその塩、アリルアルコール、2−ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、アリルアミン等)を導入し、多官能エポキシ化合物や多官能イソシアネート、多価金属イオン等により後架橋してゲル状組成物を得る方法が知られているのみであり、特に、N−ビニルカルボン酸アミド単独重合体よりゲル状組成物を得る方法については知られていなかった。
【0003】
一方、1〜100nm程度の大きさの無定形シリカ粒子が水中に分散してコロイド状となっているコロイダルシリカについては、液のpHを中性にする、多量の電解質を添加する、多価金属イオンを添加する等の方法によりゲル化させることが可能であることが知られている。例えば、特開平7−316337号公報では、多孔性シートにコロイダルシリカを含浸した後に硫酸マグネシウム等の多価金属塩を含浸させ、ゲル化させて乾燥し、多孔性の吸水シートを作製しているが、この場合、含浸浴が2種類必要であり、多価金属塩浴に経時でシートから剥離したコロイダルシリカが蓄積してくる等の問題点を有している。
【0004】
また、特開平8−302608号公報では、舗装用の土材料に塩化マグネシウムまたは塩化カルシウムとコロイダルシリカを混合し、校庭やテニスコートなどの土壌改良剤としての提案が成されており、保湿剤の塩化物をコロイダルシリカによってゲル化して降雨による流失を防いでいるが、この場合、多量の塩化物は植物の生長阻害を招き、鉄構造物を腐食(サビ)する等の問題点を有している。特開平10−8053号公報では、珪酸ソーダまたは珪酸ソーダとコロイダルシリカの混合物を、硬化剤としてフィチン酸またはその塩、更にはアルカリ中で徐々に有機酸に変わる水溶性有機化合物を用いて、不安定土質中に注入し、浸透固結させる土質強化安定化工法が提案されているが、この場合、多量にリンを含む六リン酸エステルであるフィチン酸や毒性のある水溶性有機化合物を用いており、安全性や環境側面での問題点を有している。
【0005】
特開平10−102058号公報では、コロイダルシリカとセメント系固化剤を用いた地盤硬化注入剤が提案されており、従来のセメントスラリー系地盤注入剤の欠点である地盤中でのブリージングの解消がはかられている。しかし、この工法の場合、セメント系固化剤を用いるため、硬化地盤の土砂を再利用する際にセメント分を含み用途が限られる等の問題点を有する。特開平10−208840号公報では、コロイダルシリカとゲル化物質を用いた接地抵抗低減剤が提案されているが、この場合、水分の保持はシリカゲルの効果のみによるため、冬季の乾燥時期に水分が土壌に拡散してしまい十分な接地抵抗低減効果が得られなくなる問題点を有する。
【0006】
また、特開平10−17409号公報、特開平11−71572号公報には、N−ビニルカルボン酸アミド(共)重合架橋体に液体を吸液させた粒状ゲルを用いた芳香および/または消臭剤、忌避剤および/または殺虫剤基剤が提案されているが、これらは粒子状のゲルを用いているため、有効成分の揮発と共にゲルが収縮した時に容器壁面に粒子状ゲルが付着して外観上見栄えがよくないという問題点を有している。
【0007】
特開平11−80716号公報には、N−ビニルカルボン酸アミド(共)重合架橋体に液体を吸液させた粒状ゲルを用いた保冷剤が、特開平9−201183号公報、特開平11−32743号公報には、N−ビニルカルボン酸アミド(共)重合架橋体にエタノールを吸液させた粒状ゲルを用いた鮮度保持剤が提案されているが、これらは、粉末状のN−ビニルカルボン酸アミド(共)重合架橋体に液体を吸液させ粒状ゲルとして使用するため、ゲルの容器への充填性に問題があり、さらには、粉末状重合架橋体に異物が混入したものをゲル化した場合、異物を効果的に除去する方法が無いなどの問題点がある。
【0008】
特開平4−182437号公報、特開平7−97317号公報、特開平8−243377号公報、特開平9−110702号公報、特開平9−143061号公報、特開平9−176015号公報、特開平10−25243号公報、特開平10−316590号公報には、N−ビニルカルボン酸アミド共重合体を用い、架橋剤を加えてゲル化する外用医薬剤基剤、化粧品基剤が提案されているが、これらは反応性の架橋剤またはイオン性の架橋剤を使用するため、医薬剤、化粧品の成分でこれら架橋剤と反応してしまうものには使用できないという問題点があった。
【0009】
特開平6−48783号公報では、ラジカル重合性モノマー水溶液を二枚のガラス板の間で重合させることによりヒドロゲル層を形成する防火性窓ガラスについて提案がなされているが、窓ガラス成形体中で重合を行うため常に均質なヒドロゲル層が得られにくいこと、残留モノマーがゲル中に残留する為、経時でこれが分解して着色を生じ、窓ガラスの透明性が失われる等の問題点を有していた。
【0010】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、芳香剤基剤および/または消臭剤基剤、忌避剤基剤および/または殺虫剤基剤、保冷剤、鮮度保持剤、乾燥防止剤、繊維処理剤、吸水性シート、土壌改良剤、地盤注入剤、接地抵抗低減剤、防火性板ガラス、防火性窓ガラス、外用医薬剤基剤、化粧品基剤、生体用電極、表面処理剤、紙加工剤、電子材料用コーティング剤等として用いることのできる優れたゲル特性を有する増粘ゲル状組成物を提供することにある。
【0011】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は、上記課題を解決すべく鋭意研究の結果、N−ビニルアミド重合体とコロイダルシリカを室温で混合するだけで容易に増粘ゲル状組成物が作製可能であることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0012】
すなわち本発明は次の事項に関する。
[1] N−ビニルアセトアミド単独重合体もしくはN−メチル−N−ビニルアセトアミド単独重合体(以上の単独重合体を総称して「N−ビニルアミド重合体」と称する)と、コロイダルシリカを含有することを特徴とする増粘ゲル状組成物。
[2] N−ビニルアミド重合体と、コロイダルシリカ中の固形分の比率が、質量比で95:5〜1:99である上記[1]に記載の増粘ゲル状組成物。
[3] コロイダルシリカの粒子径が1〜1000nmである上記[1]または[2]に記載の増粘ゲル状組成物。
[4] 加熱により可逆的にゾル−ゲル転移することを特徴とする上記[1]ないし[3]のいずれかに記載の増粘ゲル状組成物。
【0013】
[5]水を含有してなる上記[1]ないし[4]のいずれかに記載の増粘ゲル状組成物。
[6]アルコールを含有してなる上記[1]ないし[5]のいずれかに記載の増粘ゲル状組成物。
[7]アルコールが炭素数1〜3のアルコールおよび多価アルコールからなる群より選ばれる1種以上である上記[6]に記載の増粘ゲル状組成物。
[8]多価アルコールが、グリセリン、エチレングリコールおよびプロピレングリコールからなる群より選ばれる1種以上である上記[7]に記載の増粘ゲル状組成物。
【0014】
[9] 塩類を含有してなる上記[1]ないし[8]のいずれかに記載の増粘ゲル状組成物。
[10] 塩類が、塩化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、塩化カルシウム、硫酸ナトリウム、硫酸カリウム、硝酸ナトリウム、硝酸カリウム、酢酸ナトリウム、酢酸カリウム、乳酸ナトリウムおよび乳酸カリウムからなる群より選ばれる1種以上である上記[9]に記載の増粘ゲル状組成物。
[11] N−ビニルアミド重合体の質量平均分子量が10万以上である上記[1]ないし[10]のいずれかに記載の増粘ゲル状組成物。
【0015】
[12] 上記[1]ないし[11]のいずれかに記載の増粘ゲル状組成物からなることを特徴とする芳香剤基剤および/または消臭剤基剤。
[13] 上記[1]ないし[11]のいずれかに記載の増粘ゲル状組成物からなることを特徴とする忌避剤基剤および/または殺虫剤基剤。
【0016】
[14] 上記[1]ないし[11]のいずれかに記載の増粘ゲル状組成物からなることを特徴とする保冷剤。
[15] 上記[1]ないし[11]のいずれかに記載の増粘ゲル状組成物からなることを特徴とする鮮度保持剤。
[16] 上記[1]ないし[11]のいずれかに記載の増粘ゲル状組成物からなることを特徴とする乾燥防止剤。
[17] 上記[1]ないし[11]のいずれかに記載の増粘ゲル状組成物からなることを特徴とする繊維処理剤。
【0017】
[18] 上記[1]ないし[11]のいずれかに記載の増粘ゲル状組成物からなることを特徴とする吸水性シート。
[19] 上記[1]ないし[11]のいずれかに記載の増粘ゲル状組成物からなることを特徴とする土壌改良剤。
[20] 上記[1]ないし[11]のいずれかに記載の増粘ゲル状組成物からなることを特徴とする地盤注入剤。
[21] 上記[1]ないし[11]のいずれかに記載の増粘ゲル状組成物からなることを特徴とする接地抵抗低減剤。
【0018】
[22] 上記[1]ないし[11]のいずれかに記載の増粘ゲル状組成物からなることを特徴とする防火性板ガラス。
[23] 上記[1]ないし[11]のいずれかに記載の増粘ゲル状組成物からなることを特徴とする防火性窓ガラス。
[24] 上記[1]ないし[11]のいずれかに記載の増粘ゲル状組成物からなることを特徴とする外用医薬剤基剤。
[25] 上記[1]ないし[11]のいずれかに記載の増粘ゲル状組成物からなることを特徴とする化粧品基剤。
【0019】
[26] 上記[1]ないし[11]のいずれかに記載の増粘ゲル状組成物からなることを特徴とする生体用電極。
[27] 上記[1]ないし[11]のいずれかに記載の増粘ゲル状組成物からなることを特徴とする表面処理剤。
[28] 上記[1]ないし[11]のいずれかに記載の増粘ゲル状組成物からなることを特徴とする紙加工剤。
[29] 上記[1]ないし[11]のいずれかに記載の増粘ゲル状組成物からなることを特徴とする電子材料用コーティング剤。
【0020】
[30] 上記[1]ないし[11]のいずれかに記載の増粘ゲル状組成物を製造する方法において、N−ビニルアミド重合体とコロイダルシリカを混合せしめゲル化させる工程を有することを特徴とする増粘ゲル状組成物の製造方法。
[31] 上記[1]ないし[11]のいずれかに記載の増粘ゲル状組成物を製造する方法において、N−ビニルアミド重合体とコロイダルシリカを加熱下で混合せしめ成型した後、冷却してゲル化させる工程を有することを特徴とする増粘ゲル状組成物の製造方法。
[32] さらに、加熱して流動性を増大せしめ、成型した後、冷却してゲル化させる工程を有する上記[30]または[31]に記載の増粘ゲル状組成物の製造方法。
[33] 上記[1]ないし[11]のいずれかに記載の増粘ゲル状組成物を製造する方法において、N−ビニルアミド重合体を水および/または溶媒に分散あるいは溶解させ、その後にコロイダルシリカを加えて練合することを特徴とする増粘ゲル状組成物の製造方法。
【0021】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の増粘ゲル状組成物は、N−ビニルアミド重合体と、コロイダルシリカを必須成分として構成される。
【0022】
本発明で用いられる、N−ビニルアミド重合体と、コロイダルシリカ中の固形分の比率は、質量比で95:5〜1:99の範囲が好ましく、さらに好ましくは90:10〜3:97の範囲がよい。N−ビニルアミド重合体の比率が95より多い場合、またはコロイダルシリカの比率が99より多い場合には、不均一なゲル体となりやすく、ゲルの強度が極端に弱くなるため好ましくない。
【0023】
本発明において、コロイダルシリカとしては、通常市販されている1〜1000nm程度の大きさの無定形シリカ粒子が水中に分散してコロイド状となっているコロイダルシリカを用いるが、分散媒としてメチルアルコール、エチルアルコール、イソプロパノール、エチレングリコール、エチレングリコールモノn−プロピルエーテル、ジメチルアセトアミド、メチルエチルケトン、キシレン/n−ブタノール、メチルイソブチルケトン等の水溶性有機溶剤を使用しているコロイダルシリカ等も用いることが可能である。さらには、コロイド溶液が酸性を呈する純粋な無水珪酸コロイド溶液、アンモニア安定化コロイダルシリカ、表面修飾コロイダルシリカ等も用いることができる。
【0024】
市販品の例として、日本化学工業株式会社製のシリカドール−20、シリカドール−30、シリカドール−40、シリカドール−30S、シリカドール−20AL、シリカドール−20A、シリカドール−30A、シリカドール−20B、シリカドール−20G、シリカドール−20GA、シリカドール−30G−100、アンモニウムシリケート等、日産化学工業株式会社製のスノーテックス−20、スノーテックス−30、スノーテックス−40、スノーテックス−50、スノーテックス−C、スノーテックス−N、スノーテックス−O、スノーテックス−S、スノーテックス−20L、スノーテックス−OL、メタノールシリカゾル、MA−ST−M、IPA−ST、EG−ST、EG−ST−ZL、NPC−ST、DMAC−ST、MEK−ST、XBA−ST、MIBK−ST等が挙げられる。
【0025】
本発明の増粘ゲル状組成物は、コロイダルシリカとして一般的なグレードを用いた場合は水分散であるため、水が組成物中に含有されることになる。ゲル組成物中の水の含有は、ゲル組成物を保冷剤、乾燥防止剤、接地抵抗低減剤、防火性板ガラス、防火性窓ガラス、化粧品基剤または生体用電極として使用する場合に特に有用である。
【0026】
また、本発明の増粘ゲル状組成物中にアルコールを含有させることにより、芳香および/または消臭性基剤、忌避剤基剤および/または殺虫剤基剤として使用する場合に有効成分の揮発速度をコントロールすることができ、保冷剤として使用する場合に冷却時の凝固点を下げることでゲルの冷却時の固さを制御することができる。さらに鮮度保持剤の場合にはエタノール等を使用することで殺菌作用を発現させ、食品等の腐敗を防止することができる。
【0027】
さらに、繊維処理剤、表面処理剤、紙加工剤、電子材料用コーティング剤として使用する場合には処理剤の塗布後の乾燥速度をコントロールすることができ、吸水性シートに用いる場合には吸水性の制御を可能とし、外用医薬剤基剤、化粧品基剤として使用する場合には薬物、有効成分の可溶性を制御し、皮膚への浸透性を向上させることができ、生体用電極として使用する場合には多価アルコールを用いることにより電極の乾燥を防止でき、また、エタノール等を用いることにより電極での雑菌の繁殖を抑えることが可能となる。
【0028】
本発明の増粘ゲル状組成物に用いるアルコール類としては、メチルアルコール、エチルアルコール、(イソ)プロピルアルコール、(イソ)ブチルアルコール、ベンジルアルコール、3−メチル−3−メトキシブタノール、フェネチルアルコール、ヘキシルアルコール、2−エチルヘキサノール、シクロヘキサノール、オクチルアルコール、ペンタノール、エチレングリコールモノブチルエーテル等の1価アルコール、およびエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、1,4−ブチレングリコール(2価アルコール)、グリセリン、トリオキシイソブタン(3価アルコール)、エリトリット、ペンタエリトリット(4価アルコール)、キシリット、アドニット(5価アルコール)、アロズルシット、ソルビット液、マンニトール(6価アルコール)等の多価アルコールがあげられるが、それらの中でも炭素数1〜3のアルコール、グリセリン、エチレングリコール、プロピレングリコールが特に好ましい。
【0029】
また、各種変性剤、例えば、八アセチル化しょ糖、安息香酸デナトニウム、ブルシン、フレーバーH−No.1、フレーバーH−No.3、フレーバーH−No.4、フレーバーH−No.6、フレーバーH−No.9、フレーバーH−No.10、フレーバーH−No.11、フレーバーH−No.12、フレーバーH−No.13、フレーバーT−No.100、フレーバーT−No.101等を添加した変性アルコール等も使用することが可能である。
【0030】
本発明において、増粘ゲル状組成物が塩類を含有する場合、保冷剤では冷却時の凝固点を下げることでゲルの冷却時の固さを制御することができる。また、乾燥防止剤では塩化カルシウム等の吸湿性の塩類を用いることで水分放出量を調整することができ、接地抵抗低減剤ではゲル体の導電率を上げることができ、防火性板ガラス、防火性窓ガラスでは不燃性の塩類が組成中に入ることでさらに防火性能を高めることができ、生体用電極ではゲル体の導電率を上げることができる。
【0031】
本発明で使用される塩類としては、塩化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、塩化カルシウム、硫酸ナトリウム、硫酸カリウム、硝酸ナトリウム、硝酸カリウム、酢酸ナトリウム、酢酸カリウム、乳酸ナトリウム、乳酸カリウム等が挙げられ、これらの1種類または数種類を組み合わせて用いることが可能である。また、塩類のなかでも、多価金属塩類はそれ自体コロイダルシリカをゲル化させる効果があるが、少量のゲル組成物中への添加であれば可能である。
【0032】
コロイダルシリカをゲル化させる多価金属塩類としては、アルミニウム、錫、マグネシウム、マンガン、亜鉛、鉄、バリウム等の無機酸塩(例えば、塩化マグネシウム、塩化アルミニウム、カリ明バン、アンモニウム明バン、鉄明バン、硝酸アルミニウム、硫酸アルミニウム、硫酸第2鉄、硫酸マグネシウム、EDTA−アルミニウム、EDTA−マグネシウム、塩化第1錫、炭酸マグネシウム、水酸化アルミニウム・炭酸水素ナトリウム共沈物(例えば、協和化学工業株式会社製の「クムライト」等)、炭酸マグネシウム、メタケイ酸アルミン酸マグネシウム(例えば、富士化学工業株式会社製の「ノイシリン」)、ステアリン酸マグネシウム、ステアリン酸アルミニウム、クエン酸マグネシウム、アルミニウムアラントイネート、合成ハイドロタルサイト(例えば、協和化学工業株式会社製の「アルカマック」「アルカマイザー」「キョーワード」等))、有機酸塩(例えば、酢酸アルミニウム、アルミニウムグリシナール)、水酸化物(例えば、水酸化バリウム、水酸化マグネシウム(例えば、協和化学工業株式会社製の「キスマ」等)、水酸化第2鉄、水酸化第1錫、水酸化アルミニウム(例えば、協和化学工業株式会社製の「乾燥水酸化アルミニウムゲルS−100」等)、水酸化アルミナ・マグネシウム(例えば、協和化学工業株式会社製の「サナルミン」等))、酸化物(例えば、酸化マグネシウム(例えば、協和化学工業株式会社製の「キョーワマグ」「マグサラット」等))等がある。
【0033】
本発明においてN−ビニルアミドは、N−ビニルアセトアミド、N−メチル−N−ビニルアセトアミドであり、特にポリマーの安定性、水、有機溶媒への親和性、溶解性等を考慮すると、N−ビニルアセトアミドが好適である。
【0034】
本発明において、N−ビニルアミド重合体の分子量を調整することにより、増粘ゲル状組成物のゲル強度、混合後のゲル化までの時間をコントロールすることが可能である。
【0035】
本発明において、N−ビニルアミド重合体の好適な分子量は、N−ビニルアミドの種類、共重合するモノマーの種類、共重合比、コロイダルシリカの種類、N−ビニルアミド重合体とコロイダルシリカの量比、ゲル組成物に含まれる溶媒の種類、塩類添加の有無等により微妙に変化する。あまり分子量の小さなN−ビニルアミド重合体を用いると、ゲル強度が極端に弱くなり、または、ゲル化が起こらない。例えば、N−ビニルアミド重合体の質量平均分子量は10万以上がよく、好ましくは20万以上、より好ましくは25万以上のものを用いると好適な増粘ゲル状組成物を得ることができる。ここで質量平均分子量とは、光散乱法により求められる平均分子量を言う。
【0036】
本発明において、N−ビニルアミド重合体とは、N−ビニルアミド単独重合体をいう。
【0037】
本発明の増粘ゲル状組成物には、前記必須成分の他に、所望により、着色剤、紫外線吸収剤、防腐剤、にがみ剤、増粘剤、酸化防止剤または従来のゲル化剤などを添加することができる。
【0038】
着色剤は、増粘ゲル状組成物を着色し、意匠性を向上させる目的等で用いられ、例としては、黄酸化鉄、ベンガラ、黒酸化鉄、群青、カーボンブラック、水酸化クロム、酸化クロム、タール色素、レーキ、赤色2号、赤色3号、赤色102号、赤色201号、赤色106号、黄色4号、黄色5号、青色1号、青色2号等が挙げられる。この中で金属含有の着色剤は、コロイダルシリカのゲル化を促進するため、増粘ゲル状組成物の調合の最後に添加する、または添加する量を少量に抑える等の配慮が必要である。
【0039】
紫外線吸収剤としては、例えば、ヒドロキシメトキシベンゾフェノン、フェニルサリシレート、ベンゾトリアゾール系、シアノアクリレート系、ASL−24、Cyasorb
UV−9、Uvinul M−40等のベンゾフェノン系;Salol等の安息香酸系;Tinuvin P等のアゾール系;UvinulN−35等のニトリル系;AncourUA等の尿素系;Neo Heliopan Give tan F等が挙げられる。
【0040】
防腐殺菌剤としては、例えば、安息香酸、サリチル酸、デヒドロ酢酸、ソルビン酸、ホウ酸等の酸類およびその塩類;フェノール、クロロクレゾール、クロルキシレノール、イソプロピルメチルフェノール、レゾルシン、オルトフェニルフェノール、パラオキシ安息香酸エステル、フェノキシエタノール、チモール、ヒノキチオール、チオキソロン等のフェノール類;ヘキサクロロフェン、2,4,4’−トリクロロ−2’−ヒドロキシジフェニルエーテル等のハロゲン化ビスフェノール類;トリクロロカルバニリド、ハロカルバン、ウデシレン酸モノエタノールアミド等のアミド化合物類;2−ピリジンチオール−1−オキシド亜鉛塩、グルコン酸、クロルヘキシジン、チラム、N−トリクロロメチルチオ−4−シクロヘキセン−1,2−ジカルボキシイミド、クロロブタノール等が挙げられる。その添加量は、N−ビニルアミド重合体が優れた腐敗耐久性を有しているため、従来の増粘ゲル状組成物の場合より大幅に減量することが可能である。
【0041】
にがみ剤は、幼児等の誤食防止のために増粘ゲル状組成物に添加され、例としては、ビトレックス(登録商標:長瀬産業株式会社製)等が挙げられる。また、本発明の増粘ゲル状組成物においては、従来のゲル化剤として他の高分子を添加することもできる。
【0042】
これら高分子としては、例えば、アラビアガム、ジェランガム、トラガントガム、ローカストビーンガム、グアーガム、エコーガム、カラヤガム、寒天、デンプン、カラゲナン、アルギン酸、アルギン酸塩(例えば、アルギン酸ナトリウム)、デキストラン、デキストリン、アミロース、ゼラチン、コラーゲン、プルラン、ペクチン、アミロペクチン、スターチ、アルブミン、カゼインなどの天然の高分子;ポリグルタミン酸、ポリアスパラギン酸、メチルセルロース、エチルセルロース、プロピルセルロース、エチルメチルセルロース、ヒドロキシアルキルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルスターチ、カルボシキメチルスターチ、アルカリ金属カルボキシメチルセルロース、アルカリ金属セルロース硫酸塩、セルロースグラフト重合体、架橋ゼラチン、デンプン−アクリル酸グラフト重合体、デンプン−アクリロニトリルグラフト共重合体のケン化物、無水フタル酸変性ゼラチン、コハク酸変性ゼラチン、アルギン酸プロピレングリコール、アミロペクチンセミグリコール酸ナトリウムなどの半合成の高分子およびこれらの架橋体;ポリビニルアルコール、ポリビニルメチルエーテル、ポリアクリル酸塩、ポリアクリロニトリルのケン化物、アクリル酸塩−ビニルアルコール共重合体、カルボキシビニルポリマー、ポリエチレンオキシド、ポリアルキレンオキシド、ビニルエステル−エチレン系不飽和カルボン酸共重合体、ポリビニルアルコール−無水マレイン酸共重合体、酢酸ビニル−(メタ)アクリル酸(塩)共重合体、酢酸ビニル−クロトン酸(塩)共重合体、ポリビニルスルホン酸(塩)、ポリN−ビニルアセトアミド架橋物、ポリイタコン酸(塩)、ポリヒドロキシエチルアクリレート、ポリアクリルアミドおよび部分加水分解物、スチレン−無水マレイン酸共重合体、アクリルアミド−アクリル酸(塩)共重合体などの合成高分子およびこれらの架橋体などがあるが、これらに限ったものではない。
【0043】
さらに粘着付与物質を添加することもでき、例えば、シリコーンゴム、ポリイソブレンゴン、スチレン−ブロック共重合体ゴム、アクリルゴム、天然ゴム等のゴム系粘着性物質;ポリビニルアルキルエーテル、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリ酢酸ビニル等のビニル系粘着性物質;カルボキシメチルセルロース等のセルロース系粘着性物質;(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステルを主成分とした(メタ)アクリレート系の各粘着性物質等が挙げられるが、これらに限ったものではない。
【0044】
また水、アルコール以外の溶剤なども添加することができ、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、シクロヘキサノンなどのケトン類;セロソルブ、ジオキサン、ジメチルホルムアミド、ジメチルスルホキシド、N−メチルピロリドンのごとき水と混和しうる有機溶剤のほかにトルエン、酢酸エチル、クロタミトン、トリクロルエチレン等の水と混和しない有機溶剤が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。
【0045】
酸化防止剤としては、例えば、ビタミンE、ジ−t−ブチル−p−クレゾール(BHT)、ブチル化ヒドロキシアニソール(BHA)等が挙げられる。その他、必要に応じさらに以下の原料を添加することができる。粉体原料として、例えば、モンモリロラート、石コウ、珪藻土、ベンガラ、炭酸カルシウム、ハイドロタルサイト、タルク、ガラス、カオリン、ベントナイト、金属石鹸、エーロジル、雲母チタン、オキシ塩化ビスマス、魚鱗箔等、亜鉛華、二酸化チタンなどが挙げられる。
【0046】
油性原料としては、例えば、アルモンド油、オリーブ油、硬化油、つばき油、ヒマシ油、モクロウ油、ヤシ油、ミツロウ、鯨ロウ、ラノリン、カルナウバロウ、キャンデリラロウ、流動パラフィン、ワセリン、パラフィン、マイクロクリスタリンワックス、セレシン、スクワレン、ラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、ステアリン酸、イソステアリン酸、オレイン酸、ラウリルアルコール、セタノール、ステアリルアルコール、オレイルアルコール、オクチルドデカノール、コレステロール、ヘキシルデカノール、ワイトステロール、乳酸セチル、ミリスチン酸イソプロピル、ラウリン酸ヘキシル、ミリスチン酸ミリスチル、パルミチン酸イソプロピル、ミリスチン酸オクチルドデカノール、ステアリン酸ブチル等を挙げることができる。
【0047】
アルカリとして、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、アンモニア水、トリエタノールアミン、ジエタノールアミン、モノエタノールアミン、ジイソプロパノールアミン等が挙げられる。
【0048】
界面活性剤としては、例えば、ラウリル硫酸エステル塩、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル硫酸塩、アルキルベンゼンスルホン酸塩、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルリン酸、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルフェニルエーテルリン酸、N−アシルアミノ酸塩等のアニオン界面活性剤;ポリオール脂肪酸エステル、モノステアリン酸グリセリン、親油型モノオレイン酸グリセリン、モノステアリン酸エチレングリコール、モノステアリン酸プロピレングリコール、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレン脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンソルビトール脂肪酸エステル、N−アシルアミノ酸エステル、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル、脂肪酸アルキロールアミド等の非イオン性界面活性剤;およびこれらの任意混合物等を挙げることができる。
【0049】
本発明の増粘ゲル状組成物を作製するには、N−ビニルアミド重合体とコロイダルシリカを室温で混合するだけでよく、そこに増粘ゲル状組成物の用途によって必要な成分を加えて練合し、必要であればさらに水や添加剤を加え練合する。これらの添加の順序等によってもゲル化の速度、得られる増粘ゲル状組成物の透明度、ゲル強度等が変化する。
【0050】
各成分の練合後、処方によっては直後にゲル化させることも可能であり、その場合には充填容器や被着体上で練合を行う。また、練合直後は流動性のあるゾル体で、所定時間経過後にゲル化させることも可能であり、この方法は一般的に成形が容易で、ゲル中に練合時の気泡も残らないのでこの方法のほうが練合直後にゲル化させるより応用範囲が広い。
【0051】
ゲル化時間およびゲル強度の調整は、組成物中のN−ビニルアミド重合体とコロイダルシリカの含有量で調整することができ、含有量が多いほどゲル化の速度は速く、ゲルの強度は強くなる。また、両者の比率を変えることによってもゲル化時間、ゲル強度を調整することができる。さらに、ゲル化時間はコロイダルシリカの種類でも制御することができ、アルカリ性のコロイダルシリカでは遅く、酸性のコロイダルシリカでは速くなる。
【0052】
また、得られる増粘ゲル状組成物の透明性は、コロイダルシリカの粒子径が小さくなるほど高く透明になる。本発明において使用するコロイダルシリカは、粒子径1〜1000nm、好ましくは4〜500nm、より好ましくは4〜200nmである。
【0053】
本発明において増粘ゲル状組成物は、ゾル状態で容器に充填、対象物に塗布して成型するか、いったん増粘ゲル状組成物を得た後、適当な成型機、打錠機等を用いて成型することができる。
【0054】
さらに、本発明において得られる増粘ゲル状組成物は、加熱によりゾル状態になり流動化させることが可能であるため、一度全ての原料を混合して増粘ゲル状組成物とした後、加熱して容器に充填して、もしくは、対象物に塗工して冷却し、再度増粘ゲル状組成物として成型することも可能である。この可逆的なゾル−ゲル転移は、ゲルの成型に留まらず、ゲル中の脱泡、ゲル中への物品の挿入―封止、容器や対象物からのゲル除去の簡便化、繊維間等の僅かな隙間へのゲルの浸透性向上等に有用な物性である。
【0055】
本発明の増粘ゲル状組成物を用いることにより、N−ビニルアミド重合体が有する特徴である、耐候性、凍結安定性、吸放湿性、耐アルコール性、アルコール保持性等に優れたゲル基剤が作製可能であり、吸放湿性、保湿性、静電気防止性、吸水性、印字特性、耐油性、易除去性に優れた塗膜、コーティング被膜が作製可能である。
【0056】
増粘ゲル状組成物をシート化するには、紙、木材、金属、ガラス繊維、布(ネル、織布、不織布等)、合成樹脂(ポリウレタン、エチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリエステル(例えば、ポリエチレンテレフタレート)、ポリオレフィン(例えば、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレンなど)、ポリアミド(例えば、ナイロン6、ナイロン66など)、ポリ塩化ビニリデン、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン等)、アルミニウムなどの金属箔、ゴムまたはセルロース誘導体およびこれらとプラスチックフィルムとの積層フィルムなどの成形品のごとき支持体の1面あるいは両面に柔らかなゲル体、もしくはゲル化前のゾル体を適量塗布するか、ゲル体を加熱してゾル体とした後に適量塗布すればよい。
【0057】
得られたシート状のゲル体の保存を容易にするには、塗布した面に、シリコンまたはその他の適当な方法で処理した剥離シートを貼着しておくか、あるいは塗布していない面をシリコンまたはその他の適当な方法で処理して剥離面とし、塗布されていない面と重なるように巻くか重ねておくことが望ましい。なお剥離シート材料としては、ポリエチレンフィルム、ポリプロピレンフィルム、剥離紙、セロハン、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリエステル等が用いられる。
【0058】
本発明において、N−ビニルアミド重合体とコロイダルシリカによりゲルが形成されるメカニズムは不明であるが、珪酸ナトリウムや珪酸カリウム水溶液とN−ビニルアミド重合体水溶液を混合しても、珪酸ナトリウムや珪酸カリウム水溶液が濃厚な場合にはポリマーが析出したり相分離し、希薄な場合は混ざり合い単なる均一溶液となり増粘ゲル状組成物は得られないこと、および加熱により可逆的にゾル−ゲル転移することから、コロイダルシリカ表面の酸性水素イオンと、N−ビニルアミド重合体のアミド基の酸素原子が水素結合を作り、有機・無機のポリマーコンプレックスを形成することにより液全体がゲル化するものと考えられる。
【0059】
以下、本発明の増粘ゲル状組成物を、芳香剤基剤および/または消臭剤基剤、忌避剤基剤および/または殺虫剤基剤、保冷剤、鮮度保持剤、乾燥防止剤、繊維処理剤、吸水性シート、土壌改良剤、地盤注入剤、接地抵抗低減剤、防火性板ガラス、防火性窓ガラス、外用医薬剤基剤、化粧品基剤、生体用電極、表面処理剤、紙加工剤、電子材料用コーティング剤に用いる場合について具体的に説明する。
【0060】
本発明の増粘ゲル状組成物を、芳香剤基剤および/または消臭剤基剤、忌避剤基剤および/または殺虫剤基剤として使用する場合には、芳香および/または消臭性化合物、動物・昆虫忌避成分および/または殺虫成分とN−ビニルアミド重合体を水もしくは溶媒に分散または溶解させ、その液にコロイダルシリカを加えて練合し、必要であればさらに水や添加剤を加え練合する。
【0061】
練合後、処方によっては直後にゲル化させることも可能であり、その場合には充填容器や被着体上で練合を行う。また、練合直後は流動性のあるゾル体であるが、所定時間経過後にゲル化させることも可能である。所定時間経過後にゲル化させる方法は、一般的に成形が容易であり、ゲル中に練合時の気泡も残らないため、直後にゲル化させる方法に比べて応用範囲が広い。
【0062】
本発明において、芳香剤基剤および/または消臭剤基剤に用いられる芳香性化合物としては、例えば、オレンジ、レモン、ライム、グレープフルーツなどの柑橘類フレーバー;パイナップル、バナナ、アップル、アプリコット、ベリー、チェリー、ピーチ等の果実フレーバー;ココナッツ、バニラ、ミント等の食品用フレーバー;ローズ、ジャスミン、キンモクセイ、クチナシ、スズラン、スイトピー、リラ、フリージア、ヒヤシンス、シクラメンなどの花フレーバー;リモネン、α−ピネン、β−ピネン、p−シメン、γ−テルピネン、3−カレン、ミルセン、オシメン、p−メンタン、1−p−メンテン等の炭化水素類;リナロール、シトロネロール、ゲラニオール、ベンジルアルコール、β−フェニルエチルアルコールなどのアルコール類およびこれらアルコールエステル類;芥子油、オレンジ油、胡椒油、ジャスミン油、杉油、ショウブ油、テルピン油、橙花油、バラ油、ユーカリ油、ライム油、レモン油、和種ハッカ油、ローズマリー油等の植物性香料;ムスク、レイビョウコウ、カイリコウ、リュウゼンコウ等の動物性香料;ベンズアルデヒド、サリチルアルデヒド等のアルデヒド類系香料;カンファー、ムスコン、ムスクケトン、l−メントン等のケトン類系香料;サフロール等のエーテル類系香料;チモール等のフェノール類系香料;ラクトン類系香料;フェニル酢酸等の酸系香料;インドール等の窒素化合物系香料等その他調合香料素材として従来から用いられてきた香料化合物並びにこれらの任意の混合物からなる調合香料組成物などであり、それらの一種または二種以上を配合することができる。
【0063】
一方、消臭性化合物としては、緑茶等の茶葉;ツバキ科やクスノキ科等の植物抽出精油;ジチオ−2,2’−ビス(ベンズメチルアミド);1,2−ベンズイソチアゾリン−3−オン;硫酸第一鉄;有機酸;ステアリン酸亜鉛;フラボノール、フラボン、フラバノン等のフラボノイド系化合物;ジオスメチン、ジオスミン、エリオジクチン、エリオジクチオール、ヘスペリジン、ヘスペレチン、ケムフェロール、ナリンゲニン、ナリンギン、ケルセチン、ルチン等のフラボン誘導体;安定化二酸化塩素等であり、それらの一種または二種以上を配合することができる。
【0064】
動物・昆虫忌避成分としては、例えば、ペルメトリン、プロチオホス、フルバリネート、フェンバレレート、ピレトリン、ピペロニルブトキシド、ショウ脳油、ラベンダー油、トウガラシ抽出物、ニンニク抽出物、レモングラス精油、木酢、タバコ抽出物等の害虫、犬猫、カラス、野ウサギ等忌避成分等が挙げられる。
【0065】
また、殺虫成分としては、例えば、クロルピクリン、ジクロロプロパン、ジクロロプロピレン、ジクロルボス等や、現在農薬として一般に使用されている液状薬剤などが挙げられる。
【0066】
本発明においては、増粘ゲル状組成物中にアルコールを含有させることにより、有効成分の揮発速度をコントロールすることができる。本発明で作製される芳香剤および/または消臭剤基剤、忌避剤および/または殺虫剤基剤は、全体が一体型のゲルとなるため、粒子状のゲルを用いた場合に起こる、有効成分の揮発と共にゲルが収縮した場合に容器壁面に粒子状ゲルが付着して外観上見栄えが悪いというような現象は解消される。
【0067】
本発明において作製される芳香剤および/または消臭剤基剤、忌避剤および/または殺虫剤基剤は、病院等の公共施設、住宅、トイレ、更衣室、靴箱、タンス、押入、屋根裏、床下などの屋内、自動車、電車、飛行機等の乗り物などの車内や、庭先、屋上、道路、ゴミ置き場、コンポストボックス、果樹園、ビニールハウス等の屋外等で好適に使用される。
【0068】
本発明の増粘ゲル状組成物を保冷剤として使用する場合に、N−ビニルアミド重合体を水および/または溶媒に分散あるいは溶解させ、その液にコロイダルシリカを加えて練合し、必要であればさらに水や添加剤を加え練合する。練合後、処方によっては直後にゲル化させることも可能であり、その場合には充填容器中で練合を行う。また、練合直後は流動性のあるゾル体で、所定時間経過後にゲル化させることも可能であり、この方法は一般的に成形が容易でゲル中に練合時の気泡も残らないため、直後にゲル化させる方法より応用範囲が広い。
【0069】
また、保冷剤にアルコール類や各種塩類を組成物中に添加することによって冷却時の凝固点を下げることが可能であり、ゲル冷却時の固さを制御することができる。さらに、本発明の増粘ゲル状組成物は、例え完全に凍結しても、解凍後には元の増粘ゲル状組成物に戻り、ゲルからの離水やゾル化は起こらない。
【0070】
添加できるアルコール類としては、メチルアルコール、エチルアルコール、(イソ)プロピルアルコール、(イソ)ブチルアルコール、ベンジルアルコール、3−メチル−3−メトキシブタノール、フェネチルアルコール、ヘキシルアルコール、2−エチルヘキサノール、シクロヘキサノール、オクチルアルコール、ペンタノール、エチレングリコールモノブチルエーテル等の1価アルコール、エチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、1,4−ブチレングリコール等の2価アルコール、グリセリン、トリオキシイソブタン等の3価アルコール、エリトリット、ペンタエリトリット等の4価アルコール、キシリット、アドニット等の5価アルコール、アロズルシット、ソルビット液、マンニトール等の6価アルコールがあげられるが、安全性の面からエチルアルコール、グリセリン、プロピレングリコールが特に好ましい。
【0071】
また、各種変性剤、例えば、八アセチル化しょ糖、安息香酸デナトニウム、ブルシン、フレーバーH−No.1、フレーバーH−No.3、フレーバーH−No.4、フレーバーH−No.6、フレーバーH−No.9、フレーバーH−No.10、フレーバーH−No.11、フレーバーH−No.12、フレーバーH−No.13、フレーバーT−No.100、フレーバーT−No.101等を添加した変性アルコールも使用することが可能である。
【0072】
塩類としては、塩化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、塩化カルシウム、硫酸ナトリウム、硫酸カリウム、硝酸ナトリウム、硝酸カリウム、酢酸ナトリウム、酢酸カリウム、乳酸ナトリウム、乳酸カリウム等があり、これらの1種類または数種類を組み合わせて用いることが可能である。
【0073】
増粘ゲル状組成物を調整する場合、N−ビニルアミド重合体溶液をろ過することによってN−ビニルアミド重合体に含有される異物を除去することができ、粉末状重合架橋体を使用した場合の異物混入の問題点が解消できる。
【0074】
さらに、本発明の保冷剤は、保冷枕、輸送用保冷剤、クーラーボックス用保冷剤、スポーツアイシング用保冷剤等に使用することができ、シート化することにより、足のむくみ取りシート、筋肉痛緩和シート、発熱時のオデコ冷却シート等に好適に使用することができる。
【0075】
本発明の増粘ゲル状組成物を、鮮度保持剤として使用する場合には、鮮度保持成分とN−ビニルアミド重合体を水および/または溶媒に分散あるいは溶解させ、その液にコロイダルシリカを加えて練合し、必要であればさらに水や添加剤を加え練合する。練合後、処方によっては直後にゲル化させることも可能であり、その場合には充填容器や被着体上で練合を行う。
【0076】
また、練合直後は流動性のあるゾル体で所定時間経過後にゲル化させることも可能であり、この方法は一般的に成形が容易でありゲル中に練合時の気泡も残らないため、この方法のほうが直後にゲル化させる方法より応用範囲が広い。さらに鮮度保持成分としてエチルアルコール、ワサビ抽出液等を用いることができ、これらの殺菌作用により食品等の腐敗を防止することが可能である。
【0077】
本発明の増粘ゲル状組成物を乾燥防止剤として使用する場合には、N−ビニルアミド重合体を水に溶解させ、その液にコロイダルシリカを加えて練合し、必要であればさらに水や添加剤を加え練合する。練合後、処方によっては直後にゲル化させることも可能であり、その場合には充填容器や被着体上で練合を行う。また、練合直後は流動性のあるゾル体であり所定時間経過後にゲル化させることも可能であり、この方法のほうが一般的に成形が容易でゲル中に練合時の気泡も残らないため、直後にゲル化させる方法より応用範囲が広い。
【0078】
このようにして得られる乾燥防止剤は、所望する場所に設置し、増粘ゲル状組成物を各種雰囲気下に曝露することにより、経時でゲル中の水分が蒸発して周囲の乾燥を防止することができる。また、吸湿性の塩類(例えば、塩化カルシウム等)をゲル中に配合することにより、水分放出量を調整することも可能である。
【0079】
本発明の増粘ゲル状組成物を繊維処理剤として使用する場合には、N−ビニルアミド重合体を水および/または溶媒に分散あるいは溶解させ、必要であれば添加剤を加え練合し、さらにその液にコロイダルシリカを加えて練合する。N−ビニルアミド重合体、水および/または溶媒、添加剤、コロイダルシリカの添加量は、練合直後は流動性のあるゾル体であり、所定時間経過後にゲル化させる様に調整するのが一般的であるが、室温で増粘ゲル状の組成物とし、それを加熱してゾル状として本用途に用いるか、またはN−ビニルアミド重合体とコロイダルシリカを加熱下で混合し、繊維に塗布することも可能である。
【0080】
また、エチルアルコール等の揮発しやすいアルコールを配合することで、処理剤の繊維への塗布後の乾燥速度をコントロールすることができる。このようにして得られた繊維処理剤は、目的にあった方法で繊維表面に付着させられる。例えば、グラビアコーター、ナイフコーター、ローラーコーター、転写式コーター、スプレーコーター、インクジェット式コーターなどのコーティングや、処理剤浴中に繊維を潜らせるディッピング処理などが用いられる。
【0081】
この方法とは別に、繊維を最初に、N−ビニルアミド重合体を溶解した液に浸け、その後、コロイダルシリカの液に浸ける、または最初にコロイダルシリカの液に浸け、しかる後に、N−ビニルアミド重合体を溶解した液に浸けることで、繊維上で増粘ゲル状組成物を生成させることも可能である。この場合は、添加剤をコロイダルシリカ液に添加すると、添加剤の種類によってコロイダルシリカが不安定となりシリカが析出することがあるので、添加剤はN−ビニルアミド重合体を溶解した液に添加する方が有利である。ここで対象となる「繊維」とは、綿、絹、羊毛等の天然繊維、レーヨン等の半合成繊維、アクリル、ポリエステル、ナイロン等の合成繊維等をさし、単繊維、撚糸、糸、織布、不織布等の処理を対象としている。
【0082】
次に本発明の増粘ゲル状組成物を吸水性シートとして使用する場合について説明する。N−ビニルアミド重合体を水および/または溶媒に分散あるいは溶解させ、必要であれば添加剤を加え練合し、さらにその液にコロイダルシリカを加えて練合する。N−ビニルアミド重合体、水および/または溶媒、添加剤ならびにコロイダルシリカの添加量は、練合直後は流動性のあるゾル体であって所定時間経過後にゲル化させる様に調整するのが一般的であるが、室温で増粘ゲル状の組成物とし、それを加熱してゾル状として本用途に用いるか、またはN−ビニルアミド重合体とコロイダルシリカを加熱下で混合し、対象物に塗布することも可能である。
【0083】
このようにして得られた増粘ゲル状組成物は、目的にあった方法で、紙、樹脂フィルム、織布、不織布、木材、金属、ガラス繊維、ゴム等のシート表面に付着させる。例えば、グラビアコーター、ナイフコーター、ローラーコーター、転写式コーター、スプレーコーター、インクジェット式コーターなどのコーティングや、処理剤浴中に繊維を潜らせるディッピング処理等が用いられる。
【0084】
この方法とは別に、担持体を最初に、N−ビニルアミド重合体を溶解した液に浸け、その後、コロイダルシリカの液に浸ける、または最初にコロイダルシリカの液に浸けしかる後に、N−ビニルアミド重合体を溶解した液に浸けることで、担持体上で増粘ゲル状組成物を生成させることも可能である。この場合は、コロイダルシリカ液に添加剤を加えると、添加剤の種類によってはコロイダルシリカが不安定となりシリカが析出することがあるので、添加剤はN−ビニルアミド重合体を溶解した液に添加する方が有利である。
【0085】
本発明の増粘ゲル状組成物を用いた吸水シートは、加湿器、冷風扇等において連続的に水を吸収、蒸発させる機能を有するエレメントとして好適に使用することができる。
【0086】
次に、本発明の増粘ゲル状組成物を土壌改良剤、地盤注入剤、接地抵抗低減剤として使用する場合について説明する。N−ビニルアミド重合体を水に溶解させ、必要であれば添加剤を加え練合し、さらにその液にコロイダルシリカを加えて練合する。N−ビニルアミド重合体、水、添加剤、コロイダルシリカの添加量は、練合直後は流動性のあるゾル体であり、所定時間経過後にゲル化させる様に調整するのが一般的であるが、室温で増粘ゲル状の組成物とし、それを加熱してゾル状として本用途に用いることも可能である。このようにして得られた処理剤は、土壌改良剤の場合は土と混合され整地に用いられる。地盤注入剤の場合には、目的とする軟質地盤層まで注入管で圧送された後、地盤中に浸透してゲル化する。
【0087】
接地抵抗低減剤の場合には、さらに導電率を上げるためカーボンブラック、無機・有機塩類等が添加され、土中に掘削した穴に充填される。さらに、土壌改良剤、地盤注入剤の場合には、N−ビニルアミド重合体溶液とコロイダルシリカを別々に土に混ぜ、または、地盤中に圧送して、混合・圧送後にゲル化させることも可能である。
【0088】
本発明では、植物の生長阻害を招き、鉄構造物を腐食(サビ)する多量の塩化物や、安全性や環境側面で問題のあるフィチン酸や水溶性有機化合物、硬化地盤の土砂を再利用する際に問題となるセメント系固化剤を用いる必要がないため、従来法の問題点を解消することができる。さらには、N−ビニルアミド重合体が優れた保水性のゲルを作るため、土壌の乾燥防止がなされ、校庭やテニスコートの砂塵防止、冬季の乾燥時期でも十分な接地抵抗低減効果が得られる等、メリットが大きい。
【0089】
本発明の増粘ゲル状組成物を防火性板ガラス、防火性窓ガラスに使用する場合は、N−ビニルアミド重合体を水に溶解させ、必要であれば添加剤を加え練合し、さらにその液にコロイダルシリカを加えて練合する。N−ビニルアミド重合体、水、添加剤およびコロイダルシリカの添加量は、ゲル組成物自体が練合直後は流動性のあるゾル体であり、所定時間経過後にゲル化させる様に調整するのが一般的であるが、室温で増粘ゲル状の組成物とし、それを加熱してゾル状として本用途に用いるか、またはN−ビニルアミド重合体とコロイダルシリカを加熱下で混合し本用途に用いることも可能である。
【0090】
このようにして得られたゾル体は、所望の距離をあけて設置した2枚のガラス板間に充填され、経時でゲル化しガラス間に固定される。この際、ゾル体に不燃性の無機塩類を添加しておくと、ゲル体が火炎にさらされたとき、より一層防火効果が期待できる。増粘ゲル状組成物充填板ガラスの防火効果は、ガラスが火炎にさらされたとき、ゲル体より水が蒸発することにより熱が奪われることによる。
【0091】
本発明の増粘ゲル状組成物では、あらかじめ均一に混合したゾル体を充填するため、従来の板ガラス成形体中でモノマーの重合を行う方法に比べて均質なヒドロゲル層が容易に得られ、例えば、充填中にゲル中に気泡が入っても、再度板ガラス成形体ごと加温すればゲルがゾル状態となり容易に脱泡が可能である。また、あらかじめ残留モノマーの少ないN−ビニルアミド重合体を用いることにより、残留モノマーの経時での分解による着色を防止することができる。
【0092】
次に、本発明の増粘ゲル状組成物を外用医薬剤基剤として使用する場合、化粧品基剤として使用する場合について説明する。本発明の増粘ゲル状組成物を外用医薬剤基剤として使用する場合は、N−ビニルアミド重合体を水および/または溶媒に溶解させ、薬効成分、添加剤等を加え練合し、さらにその液にコロイダルシリカを加えて練合する。N−ビニルアミド重合体、水および/または溶媒、薬効成分、添加剤、コロイダルシリカの添加量は、練合直後は流動性のあるゾル体であり、所定時間経過後にゲル化させる様に調整するのが一般的であるが、室温で増粘ゲル状の組成物とし、それを加熱してゾル状として本用途に用いることも可能である。
【0093】
このようにして得られたゾル体は、直接皮膚に塗る軟膏剤として使用されるか、所望の基材上に塗られその上で増粘ゲル状組成物となり貼付剤として使用される。これらの組成物中にアルコールを含有させることにより、薬物、有効成分の可溶性を制御し、皮膚への浸透性を向上させることができる。本発明においては、特に反応性の架橋剤またはイオン性の架橋剤を使用することがないため、医薬剤の成分でこれら架橋剤と反応してしまうものを含む処方でも薬効の変わらない薬剤基剤を作製することができる。
【0094】
本発明の増粘ゲル状組成物を化粧品基剤として使用する場合は、N−ビニルアミド重合体を水および/または溶媒に溶解させ、有効成分、添加剤等を加え練合し、さらにその液にコロイダルシリカを加えて練合する。N−ビニルアミド重合体、水および/または溶媒、有効成分、添加剤、コロイダルシリカの添加量は、練合直後は流動性のあるゾル体であり、所定時間経過後にゲル化させる様に調整するのが一般的であるが、室温で増粘ゲル状の組成物とし、それを加熱してゾル状として本用途に用いることも可能である。
【0095】
このようにして得られたゾル体は、皮膚に塗るゼリー、クリームとして使用されるか、所望の基材上に塗られその上で増粘ゲル状組成物となり、フェイスマスク、パック剤等に使用される。これらの組成物中にアルコールを含有させることにより、有効成分の可溶性を制御し、皮膚への浸透性を向上させることができる。
【0096】
本発明の増粘ゲル状組成物を生体用電極として使用する場合については、N−ビニルアミド重合体を水および/または溶媒に溶解させ、添加剤等を加え練合し、さらにその液にコロイダルシリカを加えて練合する。N−ビニルアミド重合体、水および/または溶媒、添加剤、コロイダルシリカの添加量は、練合直後は流動性のあるゾル体であり所定時間経過後にゲル化させる様に調整するのが一般的であるが、室温で増粘ゲル状の組成物とし、それを加熱してゾル状として本用途に用いることも可能である。
【0097】
このようにして得られたゾル体は、容器や型枠の中に充填され、ゲル化させた後に使用される。ゾル体に多価アルコールを含有させることにより電極の乾燥を防止することができ、またエタノール等を用いることにより電極での雑菌の繁殖を抑えることも可能である。さらに塩類を含有させることで、ゲル体の導電率を上げることができる。
【0098】
ついで、本発明の増粘ゲル状組成物を表面処理剤として使用する場合について説明する。N−ビニルアミド重合体を水および/または溶媒に分散あるいは溶解させ、必要であれば添加剤を加え練合し、さらにその液にコロイダルシリカを加えて練合する。
【0099】
N−ビニルアミド重合体、水および/または溶媒、添加剤、コロイダルシリカの添加量は、練合直後は流動性のあるゾル体であり所定時間経過後にゲル化させる様に調整するのが一般的であるが、室温で増粘ゲル状の組成物とし、それを加熱してゾル状として本用途に用いるか、またはN−ビニルアミド重合体とコロイダルシリカを加熱下で混合し本用途に用いることも可能である。また、エチルアルコール等の揮発しやすいアルコールを配合することで、処理剤の塗布後の乾燥速度をコントロールすることができる。
【0100】
このようにして得られた表面処理剤は、目的にあった方法で対象物表面に付着させられる。例えば、グラビアコーター、ナイフコーター、ローラーコーター、転写式コーター、スプレーコーター、インクジェット式コーターなどのコーティングや、処理剤浴中に対象物を潜らせるディッピング処理などが用いられる。この方法とは別に、対象物を最初に、N−ビニルアミド重合体を溶解した液に浸け、その後、コロイダルシリカの液に浸ける、または最初にコロイダルシリカの液に浸け、しかる後に、N−ビニルアミド重合体を溶解した液に浸けることで、対象物上で増粘ゲル状組成物を生成させることも可能である。この場合は、添加剤をコロイダルシリカ液に添加すると、添加剤の種類によってコロイダルシリカが不安定となりシリカが析出することがあるので、添加剤はN−ビニルアミド重合体を溶解した液に添加する方が有利で好ましい。
【0101】
ここで表面処理を行う対象としては、樹脂成形体、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリエステル、ナイロン、塩化ビニル、セロファン、ウレタン等の樹脂フィルム・シート、樹脂発泡体、鉄、アルミニウム、ステンレス等の金属成型体、金属板、木製品、ゴム等のエラストマー、ガラス、セメント、石等などが挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。
【0102】
さらに、本発明の増粘ゲル状組成物を紙加工剤として使用する場合には、N−ビニルアミド重合体を水および/または溶媒に分散あるいは溶解させ、必要であれば添加剤を加え練合し、さらにその液にコロイダルシリカを加えて練合する。N−ビニルアミド重合体、水および/または溶媒、添加剤、コロイダルシリカの添加量は、練合直後は流動性のあるゾル体であり、所定時間経過後にゲル化させる様に調整するのが一般的であるが、室温で増粘ゲル状の組成物とし、それを加熱してゾル状として本用途に用いるか、またはN−ビニルアミド重合体とコロイダルシリカを加熱下で混合し本用途に用いることも可能である。また、エチルアルコール等の揮発しやすいアルコールを配合することで、処理剤の塗布後の乾燥速度をコントロールすることができる。
【0103】
このようにして得られた紙加工剤は、目的にあった方法で紙表面に付着させられる。例えば、グラビアコーター、ナイフコーター、ローラーコーター、転写式コーター、スプレーコーター、インクジェット式コーターなどのコーティングや、処理剤浴中に紙を潜らせるディッピング処理などが用いられる。この方法とは別に、紙を最初に、N−ビニルアミド重合体を溶解した液に浸け、その後コロイダルシリカの液に浸ける、または、最初にコロイダルシリカの液に浸け、しかる後にN−ビニルアミド重合体を溶解した液に浸けることで、紙面上で増粘ゲル状組成物を生成させることも可能である。
【0104】
この場合は、添加剤をコロイダルシリカ液に添加すると、添加剤の種類によってコロイダルシリカが不安定となりシリカが析出することがあるので、添加剤はN−ビニルアミド重合体を溶解した液に添加する方が有利で好ましい。ここでの処理を行う対象としては、一般的なセルロース原料の紙、コート紙、サイジング紙、ラミネート紙、感熱紙、感圧紙(登録商標)、含浸紙、さらには、合成樹脂パルプを用いた合成紙、樹脂フィルムを延伸した合成紙等などが挙げられる。
【0105】
本発明の増粘ゲル状組成物を電子材料用コーティング剤として使用する場合には、N−ビニルアミド重合体を水および/または溶媒に分散あるいは溶解させ、必要であれば添加剤を加え練合し、さらにその液にコロイダルシリカを加えて練合する。N−ビニルアミド重合体、水および/または溶媒、添加剤、コロイダルシリカの添加量は、練合直後は流動性のあるゾル体で所定時間経過後にゲル化させる様に調整するのが一般的であるが、室温で増粘ゲル状の組成物とし、それを加熱してゾル状として本用途に用いるか、またはN−ビニルアミド重合体とコロイダルシリカを加熱下で混合し本用途に用いることも可能である。また、エチルアルコール等の揮発しやすいアルコールを配合することで、処理剤の塗布後の乾燥速度をコントロールすることができる。
【0106】
このようにして得られた電子材料用コーティング剤は、目的にあった方法で対象物表面に付着させられる。例えば、グラビアコーター、ナイフコーター、ローラーコーター、転写式コーター、スプレーコーター、インクジェット式コーターなどのコーティングや、処理剤浴中に対象物を潜らせるディッピング処理などが用いられる。この方法とは別に、対象物を最初にN−ビニルアミド重合体を溶解した液に浸け、その後コロイダルシリカの液に浸けるか、または最初にコロイダルシリカの液に浸け、しかる後にN−ビニルアミド重合体を溶解した液に浸けることで、対象物上で増粘ゲル状組成物を生成させることも可能である。この場合は、添加剤をコロイダルシリカ液に添加すると、添加剤の種類によってコロイダルシリカが不安定となりシリカが析出することがあるので、添加剤はN−ビニルアミド重合体を溶解した液に添加する方が有利であり、好ましい。
【0107】
コーティング処理を行う対象としては、プリント基板、電子材料部品、電子材料ハウジング、太陽電池、電池電極、コンデンサー電極、セパレーターフィルム等などが挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。
【0108】
【実施例】
以下、実施例を挙げて本発明を詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらによりなんら限定されるものではない。
【0109】
実施例1〜13
下記表1および2に示す配合量(質量%)に従い、増粘ゲル状組成物またはゲル化用ゾル状組成物を調整した。
【0110】
【表1】
【0111】
【表2】
【0112】
実施例1はゲル状芳香剤、実施例2はゲル状忌避剤、実施例3はゲル状殺虫剤、実施例4はゲル状保冷剤、実施例5はゲル状鮮度保持剤、実施例6は繊維処理剤、表面処理剤、電子材料用コーティング剤、実施例7は吸水性シート用、紙加工用ゾル組成物、実施例8は土壌改良剤、実施例9は地盤注入剤、実施例10は接地抵抗低減剤、実施例11は防火性板ガラス用ゾル組成物、実施例12は外用医療剤基剤、実施例13は生体用電極の処方例である。
【0113】
配合成分中、香料(マスカットフレーバー)、忌避剤(木酢)は市販品を使用した。
N−ビニルアミド重合体としては、昭和電工株式会社製「ビアック(昭和電工株式会社登録商標) GE−191LH」(質量平均分子量180万、N−ビニルアセトアミド単独重合体、5%ポリマー水溶液)、「ビアック(昭和電工株式会社登録商標) GE−191L」(質量平均分子量90万、N−ビニルアセトアミド単独重合体、10%ポリマー水溶液)、「ビアック(昭和電工株式会社登録商標) GE−194LL」(質量平均分子量30万、N−ビニルアセトアミド単独重合体、20%ポリマー水溶液)、「ビアック(昭和電工株式会社登録商標) GE−191LL」(質量平均分子量4万、N−ビニルアセトアミド単独重合体、40%ポリマー水溶液)を使用した。また、比較例にはBASF社製「ルビスコール K30」(質量平均分子量6万、N−ビニルピロリドン単独重合体、粉末、20%ポリマー水溶液として使用。)を使用した。
【0114】
N−ビニルアミド共重合体としては、BASF社製「コリドン VA64」(質量平均分子量7万、N−ビニルピロリドン/酢酸ビニル共重合体、粉末、20%ポリマー水溶液として使用。)を使用した。
コロイダルシリカとしては、日本化学工業株式会社製の「シリカドール−30」(30%固形分)、「シリカドール−30A」(30%固形分、酸性)、「珪酸ソーダ3号」(40%固形分)、「1K珪酸カリ」(50%固形分)、日産化学工業株式会社製の「スノーテックス−S」(30%固形分)を使用した。
【0115】
調整方法としては、まず、N−ビニルアミド重合体水溶液に、コロイダルシリカ以外の各成分を添加練合し、最後に、コロイダルシリカと混ぜてさらに練合を行った。
実施例1、2、3、5では調整したゾル状組成物を容器に充填し、数時間〜数日放置することで流動性のない増粘ゲル状組成物が作製できた。
実施例13では、一度ゲル状組成物を調整した後、70℃に加熱してゾル状として容器・型に充填し、数時間〜数日放置することで流動性のない増粘ゲル状組成物が作製できた。
【0116】
実施例4では調整したゾル状組成物をポリ袋に充填してヒートシールで口を封じ、数時間〜数日放置することでやや流動性のある柔らかな増粘ゲル状組成物が作製できた。
実施例6では保温ジャケット付きディッピング浴に、所定量の水を入れ70℃に加熱した後、N−ビニルアミド重合体水溶液、コロイダルシリカの順で添加混合して調整したゾル状組成物を満たし、そこに対象物を含浸してから取り出し、ローラー等で余分な液を除去した後、室温で放置して余分な水分をとばしつつゲル化させた。
【0117】
実施例7ではゾル状組成物を発泡ウレタンシートまたは紙上に、ローラーコーターで塗布吸収させ、その後、室温で放置して余分な水分をとばしつつゲル化させた。
実施例8では、まず水とN−ビニルアミド重合体水溶液を混合し、そこに土を混ぜてさらに混合した後、所望の地面表面に敷き詰めて整地し、その上からコロイダルシリカを均一に散布を行い、数日間熟成ゲル化させた。
【0118】
実施例9では得られたゾル状組成物を80℃に加熱し、保温層を設けた注入管で軟弱地盤層まで圧送し、地盤中で冷却ゲル化させて使用した。
実施例10では得られたゾル状組成物を電柱等のアース箇所に掘った穴に流し込み、そこにアース棒を挿入して使用するが、穴の形状により適時水を加えてゾル状組成物の粘度を調整して隙間無く充填が可能なようにする。
【0119】
実施例11では得られたゾル状組成物を2重窓ガラスの間に気泡が入らないように注意して充填した後、ガラス全体を70℃の水中に浸けてゾルの粘度を下げて混入した気泡を追い出し、一晩放置してゲル化させた。
【0120】
実施例12ではリント布上にゾル状組成物をナイフコーターで塗布した後、塗布面に離型剤を塗布したポリプロピレンフィルムを積層してから型抜き機で所望の形状に切断して使用する。
【0121】
比較例1〜7下記表3に示す配合量(質量%)に従い調製を行った。
【0122】
【表3】
【0123】
比較例1は、コロイダルシリカの代わりに珪酸ナトリウムを用いた場合、比較例2は、コロイダルシリカの代わりに珪酸カリウムを用いた場合であるが、いずれの場合も、練合直後にポリマーが相分離してしまい、1週間経過後も混じり合うことはなかった。
【0124】
比較例3は、N−ビニルアミド重合体とコロイダルシリカ中の固形分比率が98:2の場合、比較例4は、N−ビニルアミド重合体とコロイダルシリカ中の固形分比率が0.5:99.5の場合であるが、どちらも練合後1週間経過しても組成物は流動性を示し、ゲル化は起こらなかった。
【0125】
比較例5、6、7は、N−ビニルアミド重合体の質量平均分子量が20万以下の場合であるが、練合後1週間経過しても組成物は流動性を示し、ゲル化は起こらなかった。
【0126】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、N−ビニルアミド重合体とコロイダルシリカを室温で混合するだけで調整可能な増粘ゲル状組成物を提供するものであり、芳香剤基剤および/または消臭剤基剤、忌避剤基剤および/または殺虫剤基剤、保冷剤、鮮度保持剤、乾燥防止剤、繊維処理剤、吸水性シート、土壌改良剤、地盤注入剤、接地抵抗低減剤、防火性板ガラス、防火性窓ガラス、外用医薬剤基剤、化粧品基剤、生体用電極、表面処理剤、紙加工剤、電子材料用コーティング剤等として幅広い用途に好適に用いることができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present inventionN-vinylamide polymerAnd a thickening gel-like composition containing colloidal silica, a fragrance base and / or a deodorant base, a repellent base and / or an insecticide base, a cooling agent, a freshness-retaining agent, an anti-drying agent, Textile treatment agent, water-absorbing sheet, soil conditioner, ground injection agent, grounding resistance reducing agent, fireproof plate glass, fireproof window glass, external pharmaceutical agent base, cosmetic base, bioelectrode, surface treatment agent, paper processing The present invention relates to a thickened gel-like composition that can be used as an agent, a coating agent for electronic materials and the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in order to prepare a gel composition from an N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide (co) polymer, a crosslinked polymer is obtained by performing polymerization in the presence of a crosslinking agent having two or more polymerizable double bonds, A method of obtaining a gel composition by absorbing a target liquid, a monomer having a reactive functional unit as a copolymer component (for example, (meth) acrylic acid and its salt, allyl alcohol, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) ), Acrylate, allylamine, etc.) are introduced, and a method of obtaining a gel composition by post-crosslinking with a polyfunctional epoxy compound, polyfunctional isocyanate, polyvalent metal ion or the like is known. A method for obtaining a gel composition from a carboxylic acid amide homopolymer has not been known.
[0003]
On the other hand, for colloidal silica in which amorphous silica particles having a size of about 1 to 100 nm are dispersed in water to form a colloidal shape, a polyvalent metal that adds a large amount of electrolyte to neutralize the pH of the solution It is known that gelation is possible by a method such as adding ions. For example, in JP-A-7-316337, a porous sheet is impregnated with a colloidal silica and then impregnated with a polyvalent metal salt such as magnesium sulfate, gelled and dried to produce a porous water-absorbing sheet. In this case, however, two kinds of impregnation baths are necessary, and there is a problem that colloidal silica peeled off from the sheet with time accumulates in the polyvalent metal salt bath.
[0004]
In JP-A-8-302608, magnesium chloride or calcium chloride and colloidal silica are mixed with soil material for paving, and a proposal as a soil conditioner for schoolyards, tennis courts, etc. has been made. Chloride is gelled with colloidal silica to prevent runoff due to rainfall, but in this case, a large amount of chloride has problems such as inhibiting plant growth and corroding iron structures. Yes. In JP 10-8053 A, sodium silicate or a mixture of sodium silicate and colloidal silica is used as a curing agent using phytic acid or a salt thereof, and further a water-soluble organic compound that gradually changes to an organic acid in an alkali. A soil strengthening and stabilization method that is injected into stable soil and infiltrated and consolidated has been proposed. In this case, phytic acid, which is a hexaphosphate ester containing a large amount of phosphorus, or a toxic water-soluble organic compound is used. And has problems in safety and environmental aspects.
[0005]
In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-102058, a ground-hardening injecting agent using colloidal silica and a cement-based solidifying agent is proposed, and the elimination of breathing in the ground, which is a drawback of the conventional cement slurry-based ground injecting agent, is proposed. I'm addicted. However, in the case of this construction method, since a cement-based solidifying agent is used, there is a problem that, when the earth and sand of the hardened ground is reused, the use is limited because it contains cement. In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-208840, a ground resistance reducing agent using colloidal silica and a gelled substance is proposed, but in this case, moisture is retained only by the effect of silica gel. It has a problem that it cannot be obtained a sufficient grounding resistance reduction effect due to diffusion into the soil.
[0006]
In addition, JP-A-10-17409 and JP-A-11-71572 disclose fragrance and / or deodorization using a granular gel in which a liquid is absorbed in an N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide (co) polymer crosslinked product. Agents, repellents and / or insecticide bases have been proposed, but these use particulate gels, so when the gel shrinks as the active ingredients volatilize, the particulate gel adheres to the container wall. There is a problem that the appearance is not good.
[0007]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-80716 discloses a cryogen using a granular gel in which a liquid is absorbed in an N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide (co) polymer crosslinked product, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 9-201183 and 11-. Japanese Patent No. 32743 proposes a freshness-preserving agent using a granular gel obtained by absorbing ethanol into an N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide (co) polymer crosslinked product, and these are powdered N-vinylcarboxylic acid. Since the acid amide (co) polymer cross-linked product absorbs liquid and uses it as a granular gel, there is a problem in the filling property of the gel into the container. In this case, there is a problem that there is no method for effectively removing foreign matters.
[0008]
JP-A-4-182437, JP-A-7-97317, JP-A-8-243377, JP-A-9-110702, JP-A-9-143061, JP-A-9-176015, JP-A-9 JP-A-10-25243 and JP-A-10-316590 propose an external pharmaceutical base and a cosmetic base using an N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide copolymer and gelled by adding a crosslinking agent. However, since these use a reactive crosslinking agent or an ionic crosslinking agent, there is a problem that they cannot be used for pharmaceutical agents and cosmetic components that react with these crosslinking agents.
[0009]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-48783 proposes a fireproof window glass that forms a hydrogel layer by polymerizing an aqueous solution of a radical polymerizable monomer between two glass plates. As a result, it is difficult to obtain a uniform hydrogel layer at all times, and since residual monomer remains in the gel, it decomposes over time, resulting in coloration and loss of transparency of the window glass. .
[0010]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention is a fragrance base and / or deodorant base, repellent base and / or insecticide base, cold-retaining agent, freshness-retaining agent, anti-drying agent, fiber treatment agent, water-absorbent sheet, soil improvement Agent, ground injecting agent, grounding resistance reducing agent, fireproof flat glass, fireproof window glass, external pharmaceutical agent base, cosmetic base, biomedical electrode, surface treatment agent, paper processing agent, coating material for electronic materials, etc. An object of the present invention is to provide a thickened gel-like composition having excellent gel properties.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of earnest research to solve the above problems, the present inventor,N-vinylamide polymerIt was found that a thickened gel-like composition can be easily produced simply by mixing the colloidal silica and colloidal silica at room temperature, and the present invention has been completed.
[0012]
That is, the present invention relates to the following matters.
[1] N-vinylacetamide homopolymer or N-methyl-N-vinylacetamide homopolymer (the above homopolymers are collectively referred to as “N-vinylamide polymerA thickened gel-like composition characterized by containing colloidal silica.
[2]N-vinylamide polymerAnd the ratio of solid content in colloidal silica is 95: 5-1: 99 by mass ratio, The thickening gel-like composition as described in said [1].
[3] The thickened gel-like composition according to the above [1] or [2], wherein the colloidal silica has a particle diameter of 1 to 1000 nm.
[4] The thickened gel-like composition as described in any one of [1] to [3] above, which reversibly undergoes sol-gel transition by heating.
[0013]
[5] The thickened gel-like composition according to any one of the above [1] to [4], comprising water.
[6] The thickened gel-like composition according to any one of [1] to [5], comprising an alcohol.
[7] The thickened gel composition according to [6], wherein the alcohol is at least one selected from the group consisting of alcohols having 1 to 3 carbon atoms and polyhydric alcohols.
[8] The thickened gel composition according to [7], wherein the polyhydric alcohol is at least one selected from the group consisting of glycerin, ethylene glycol, and propylene glycol.
[0014]
[9] The thickened gel composition according to any one of [1] to [8], comprising a salt.
[10] The salt is one or more selected from the group consisting of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium acetate, potassium acetate, sodium lactate and potassium lactate [ 9] The thickened gel-like composition according to item 9.
[11]N-vinylamide polymerThe thickening gel-like composition according to any one of [1] to [10], wherein the weight average molecular weight is 100,000 or more.
[0015]
[12] A fragrance base and / or a deodorant base comprising the thickened gel composition according to any one of [1] to [11].
[13] A repellent base and / or an insecticide base comprising the thickened gel-like composition according to any one of [1] to [11].
[0016]
[14] A cryogen comprising the thickened gel composition according to any one of [1] to [11].
[15] A freshness-preserving agent comprising the thickened gel-like composition according to any one of [1] to [11].
[16] An anti-drying agent comprising the thickened gel-like composition according to any one of [1] to [11].
[17] A fiber treatment agent comprising the thickened gel composition according to any one of [1] to [11].
[0017]
[18] A water-absorbent sheet comprising the thickened gel-like composition according to any one of [1] to [11].
[19] A soil conditioner comprising the thickened gel composition according to any one of [1] to [11].
[20] A ground injection agent comprising the thickening gel composition according to any one of [1] to [11].
[21] A grounding resistance reducing agent comprising the thickened gel composition according to any one of [1] to [11].
[0018]
[22] A fire-proof plate glass comprising the thickened gel-like composition according to any one of [1] to [11].
[23] A fire-resistant window glass comprising the thickened gel-like composition according to any one of [1] to [11].
[24] A topical pharmaceutical agent base comprising the thickened gel-like composition according to any one of [1] to [11].
[25] A cosmetic base comprising the thickened gel composition according to any one of [1] to [11].
[0019]
[26] A living body electrode comprising the thickened gel-like composition according to any one of [1] to [11].
[27] A surface treatment agent comprising the thickened gel composition according to any one of [1] to [11].
[28] A paper processing agent comprising the thickened gel-like composition according to any one of [1] to [11].
[29] A coating agent for electronic materials, comprising the thickened gel-like composition according to any one of [1] to [11].
[0020]
[30] In the method for producing the thickened gel composition according to any one of [1] to [11],N-vinylamide polymerAnd a method for producing a thickened gel-like composition, comprising a step of mixing and colloidal silica.
[31] In the method for producing the thickened gel composition according to any one of [1] to [11],N-vinylamide polymerAnd a method of producing a thickened gel-like composition, comprising: a step of mixing and molding silica and colloidal silica, followed by cooling and gelation.
[32] The method for producing a thickened gel-like composition as described in [30] or [31] above, further comprising a step of heating to increase fluidity, molding and then cooling to gel.
[33] In the method for producing the thickened gel composition according to any one of [1] to [11],N-vinylamide polymerIs dispersed or dissolved in water and / or a solvent, and then colloidal silica is added and kneaded to produce a thickened gel composition.
[0021]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The thickening gel composition of the present invention isN-vinylamide polymerAnd colloidal silica is comprised as an essential component.
[0022]
Used in the present invention,N-vinylamide polymerAnd the ratio of the solid content in colloidal silica is preferably in the range of 95: 5 to 1:99, and more preferably in the range of 90:10 to 3:97, by mass ratio.N-vinylamide polymerIf the ratio is more than 95, or if the ratio of colloidal silica is more than 99, a non-uniform gel body tends to be formed, and the strength of the gel becomes extremely weak.
[0023]
In the present invention, colloidal silica is colloidal silica in which amorphous silica particles having a size of about 1 to 1000 nm, which are usually commercially available, are dispersed in water to form a colloid, but methyl alcohol as a dispersion medium, Colloidal silica using water-soluble organic solvents such as ethyl alcohol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol mono n-propyl ether, dimethylacetamide, methyl ethyl ketone, xylene / n-butanol, methyl isobutyl ketone, etc. can also be used. is there. Furthermore, a pure silicic acid colloidal solution in which the colloidal solution exhibits acidity, ammonia-stabilized colloidal silica, surface-modified colloidal silica, and the like can also be used.
[0024]
Examples of commercially available products include Silica Dole-20, Silica Dole-30, Silica Dole-40, Silica Dole-30S, Silica Dole-20AL, Silica Dole-20A, Silica Dole-30A, and Silica Doll manufactured by Nippon Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. -20B, Silica Doll-20G, Silica Doll-20GA, Silica Doll-30G-100, Ammonium Silicate, etc., Snowtex-20, Snowtex-30, Snowtex-40, Snowtex-50 manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd. , Snowtex-C, Snowtex-N, Snowtex-O, Snowtex-S, Snowtex-20L, Snowtex-OL, Methanol silica sol, MA-ST-M, IPA-ST, EG-ST, EG- ST-ZL, NPC-ST, DMAC-ST, EK-ST, XBA-ST, MIBK-ST, and the like.
[0025]
Since the thickened gel composition of the present invention is water-dispersed when a general grade is used as colloidal silica, water is contained in the composition. The inclusion of water in the gel composition is particularly useful when the gel composition is used as a cooling agent, an anti-drying agent, a grounding resistance reducing agent, a fireproof plate glass, a fireproof window glass, a cosmetic base, or a biological electrode. is there.
[0026]
In addition, by including an alcohol in the thickened gel composition of the present invention, volatilization of the active ingredient when used as an aroma and / or deodorant base, repellent base and / or insecticide base. The speed can be controlled, and the hardness of the gel during cooling can be controlled by lowering the freezing point during cooling when used as a cryogen. Furthermore, in the case of a freshness-keeping agent, ethanol or the like can be used to develop a bactericidal action and prevent food or the like from being spoiled.
[0027]
Furthermore, when used as a fiber treatment agent, surface treatment agent, paper processing agent, or coating material for electronic materials, the drying rate after application of the treatment agent can be controlled, and when used as a water absorbent sheet, it absorbs water. When used as an external pharmaceutical agent base or cosmetic base, it can control the solubility of drugs and active ingredients, improve the permeability to the skin, and can be used as a biological electrode In the case of using polyhydric alcohol, it is possible to prevent the electrode from being dried, and by using ethanol or the like, it is possible to suppress the propagation of germs on the electrode.
[0028]
Examples of alcohols used in the thickened gel composition of the present invention include methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, (iso) propyl alcohol, (iso) butyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutanol, phenethyl alcohol, and hexyl. Monohydric alcohols such as alcohol, 2-ethylhexanol, cyclohexanol, octyl alcohol, pentanol, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, and ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,4-butylene glycol (divalent alcohol), glycerin, trioxyisobutane (Trihydric alcohol), erythritol, pentaerythritol (tetrahydric alcohol), xylit, adnit (pentahydric alcohol), allozulcit, sorbitol liquid, mannitol (hexavalent alcohol) Call), but polyhydric alcohol such as, those alcohols having 1 to 3 carbon atoms among glycerin, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol is particularly preferred.
[0029]
Various modifiers such as octaacetylated sucrose, denatonium benzoate, brucine, flavor H-No. 1, Flavor H-No. 3, Flavor H-No. 4. Flavor H-No. 6, Flavor H-No. 9, Flavor H-No. 10, Flavor H-No. 11, Flavor H-No. 12, Flavor H-No. 13, Flavor T-No. 100, flavor T-No. It is also possible to use denatured alcohol or the like to which 101 or the like has been added.
[0030]
In the present invention, when the thickened gel-like composition contains a salt, the cooling agent can control the hardness at the time of cooling the gel by lowering the freezing point at the time of cooling. In addition, the moisture release amount can be adjusted by using hygroscopic salts such as calcium chloride in the anti-drying agent, and the electrical conductivity of the gel body can be increased in the ground resistance reducing agent. In the window glass, fire-retardant performance can be further improved by entering noncombustible salts in the composition, and in the biomedical electrode, the electrical conductivity of the gel body can be increased.
[0031]
Examples of the salt used in the present invention include sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium acetate, potassium acetate, sodium lactate, potassium lactate and the like, one of these. Or several types can be used in combination. Of the salts, the polyvalent metal salt itself has the effect of gelling colloidal silica, but it can be added to a small amount of the gel composition.
[0032]
Examples of polyvalent metal salts that gel colloidal silica include inorganic acid salts such as aluminum, tin, magnesium, manganese, zinc, iron, and barium (eg, magnesium chloride, aluminum chloride, potash vane, ammonium flake van, iron flake) Van, aluminum nitrate, aluminum sulfate, ferric sulfate, magnesium sulfate, EDTA-aluminum, EDTA-magnesium, stannous chloride, magnesium carbonate, aluminum hydroxide / sodium bicarbonate coprecipitate (for example, Kyowa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) "Cumlite", etc.), magnesium carbonate, magnesium aluminate metasilicate (for example, "Neusilin" manufactured by Fuji Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), magnesium stearate, aluminum stearate, magnesium citrate, aluminum allantoinate, synthetic Drothalsite (for example, “Alkamak”, “Alkamizer”, “Kyoward”, etc., manufactured by Kyowa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)), organic acid salt (for example, aluminum acetate, aluminum glycinal), hydroxide (for example, water Barium oxide, magnesium hydroxide (for example, “Kisuma” manufactured by Kyowa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), ferric hydroxide, stannous hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide (for example, “dry water manufactured by Kyowa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) Aluminum oxide gel S-100 "), alumina hydroxide / magnesium (for example," sanalmine "manufactured by Kyowa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)), oxide (for example, magnesium oxide (for example," Kyowa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. " Kyowa Mug ”,“ Mag Sarat ”, etc.)).
[0033]
In the present invention, N-vinylamide is N-vinylacetamide or N-methyl-N-vinylacetamide. In particular, considering the stability of the polymer, affinity for water, organic solvent, solubility, etc., N-vinylacetamide Is preferred.
[0034]
In the present invention,N-vinylamide polymerBy adjusting the molecular weight, it is possible to control the gel strength of the thickened gel composition and the time until gelation after mixing.
[0035]
In the present invention,N-vinylamide polymerThe preferred molecular weight of N-vinylamide, the type of monomer to be copolymerized, the copolymerization ratio, the type of colloidal silica,N-vinylamide polymerAnd the amount of colloidal silica, the kind of solvent contained in the gel composition, the presence or absence of addition of salts, and the like. Too low molecular weightN-vinylamide polymerWhen is used, gel strength becomes extremely weak or gelation does not occur. For example,N-vinylamide polymerThe mass average molecular weight of is preferably 100,000 or more, preferably 200,000 or more, more preferably 250,000 or more, to obtain a suitable thickened gel composition. Here, the mass average molecular weight means an average molecular weight determined by a light scattering method.
[0036]
In the present invention,N-vinylamide polymer refers to N-vinylamide homopolymer.
[0037]
In addition to the essential components, the thickening gel-like composition of the present invention may optionally include a colorant, an ultraviolet absorber, an antiseptic, a tinting agent, a thickener, an antioxidant, or a conventional gelling agent. Etc. can be added.
[0038]
The colorant is used for the purpose of coloring the thickened gel-like composition and improving the design, and examples thereof include yellow iron oxide, bengara, black iron oxide, ultramarine, carbon black, chromium hydroxide, chromium oxide. , Tar pigment, lake, red No. 2, red No. 3, red No. 102, red No. 201, red No. 106, yellow No. 4, yellow No. 5, blue No. 1, blue No. 2, and the like. Among these, the metal-containing colorant needs to be added at the end of the preparation of the thickened gel-like composition or to reduce the amount to be added in order to promote the gelation of the colloidal silica.
[0039]
Examples of the ultraviolet absorber include hydroxymethoxybenzophenone, phenyl salicylate, benzotriazole, cyanoacrylate, ASL-24, and Cyasorb.
Benzophenone series such as UV-9 and Uvinul M-40; benzoic acid series such as Salol; azole series such as Tinuvin P; nitrile series such as Uvinul N-35; urea series such as AncourUA; Neo Heliopan Give tan F etc. .
[0040]
Examples of antiseptic fungicides include acids such as benzoic acid, salicylic acid, dehydroacetic acid, sorbic acid, boric acid and salts thereof; phenol, chlorocresol, chlorxylenol, isopropylmethylphenol, resorcin, orthophenylphenol, paraoxybenzoic acid ester , Phenols such as phenoxyethanol, thymol, hinokitiol, thioxolone; halogenated bisphenols such as hexachlorophene, 2,4,4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxydiphenyl ether; trichlorocarbanilide, halocarban, monoethanolamide Amide compounds such as 2-pyridinethiol-1-oxide zinc salt, gluconic acid, chlorhexidine, thiram, N-trichloromethylthio-4-cyclohexene-1,2- Carboxyimide, chlorobutanol, and the like. The amount added isN-vinylamide polymerTherefore, it is possible to significantly reduce the weight compared to the conventional thickened gel composition.
[0041]
A bitter agent is added to a thickened gel-like composition to prevent accidental eating of infants and the like, and examples thereof include Vitrex (registered trademark: manufactured by Nagase Sangyo Co., Ltd.). In the thickened gel composition of the present invention, other polymers can be added as a conventional gelling agent.
[0042]
Examples of these polymers include gum arabic, gellan gum, tragacanth gum, locust bean gum, guar gum, echo gum, karaya gum, agar, starch, carrageenan, alginic acid, alginates (e.g. sodium alginate), dextran, dextrin, amylose, gelatin, Natural polymers such as collagen, pullulan, pectin, amylopectin, starch, albumin, casein; polyglutamic acid, polyaspartic acid, methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, propylcellulose, ethylmethylcellulose, hydroxyalkylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl starch, carbo Shiki methyl starch, alkali metal carboxymethyl cellulose, alkali metal cellulose Acid salt, cellulose graft polymer, cross-linked gelatin, starch-acrylic acid graft polymer, saponified starch-acrylonitrile graft copolymer, phthalic anhydride-modified gelatin, succinic acid-modified gelatin, propylene glycol alginate, amylopectin semiglycolate sodium Semi-synthetic polymers such as these and cross-linked products thereof; polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl methyl ether, polyacrylate, saponified polyacrylonitrile, acrylate-vinyl alcohol copolymer, carboxyvinyl polymer, polyethylene oxide, polyalkylene Oxide, vinyl ester-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer, polyvinyl alcohol-maleic anhydride copolymer, vinyl acetate- (meth) acrylic acid (salt) copolymer, vinyl acetate- Rotonic acid (salt) copolymer, polyvinylsulfonic acid (salt), poly N-vinylacetamide cross-linked product, polyitaconic acid (salt), polyhydroxyethyl acrylate, polyacrylamide and partially hydrolyzed product, styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer Examples include, but are not limited to, synthetic polymers such as polymers, acrylamide-acrylic acid (salt) copolymers, and cross-linked products thereof.
[0043]
Further, a tackifier can be added, for example, rubber-based adhesive materials such as silicone rubber, polyisobrengon, styrene-block copolymer rubber, acrylic rubber, natural rubber; polyvinyl alkyl ether, polyvinyl alcohol, poly Examples include vinyl adhesive materials such as vinyl acetate; cellulose adhesive materials such as carboxymethyl cellulose; (meth) acrylate-based adhesive materials mainly composed of (meth) acrylic acid alkyl esters. It is not limited.
[0044]
Also, solvents other than water and alcohol can be added. Ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and cyclohexanone; in addition to organic solvents miscible with water such as cellosolve, dioxane, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide and N-methylpyrrolidone Examples thereof include, but are not limited to, organic solvents that are not miscible with water, such as toluene, ethyl acetate, crotamiton, and trichloroethylene.
[0045]
Examples of the antioxidant include vitamin E, di-t-butyl-p-cresol (BHT), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and the like. In addition, the following raw materials can be further added as necessary. As powder raw materials, for example, montmorillolate, stone koji, diatomaceous earth, bengara, calcium carbonate, hydrotalcite, talc, glass, kaolin, bentonite, metal soap, aerosil, mica titanium, bismuth oxychloride, fish scale foil, etc., zinc Examples include flower and titanium dioxide.
[0046]
Examples of oily raw materials include almond oil, olive oil, hydrogenated oil, camellia oil, castor oil, owl oil, coconut oil, beeswax, whale wax, lanolin, carnauba wax, candelilla wax, liquid paraffin, petrolatum, paraffin, microcrystalline wax , Ceresin, squalene, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, oleic acid, lauryl alcohol, cetanol, stearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, octyldodecanol, cholesterol, hexyl decanol, wite sterol, cetyl lactate, myristic acid Examples include isopropyl, hexyl laurate, myristyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, octyldodecanol myristate, and butyl stearate. .
[0047]
Examples of the alkali include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, aqueous ammonia, triethanolamine, diethanolamine, monoethanolamine, diisopropanolamine and the like.
[0048]
Examples of the surfactant include lauryl sulfate ester salt, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate, alkylbenzene sulfonate, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether phosphate, N-acyl amino acid salt and the like. Anionic surfactant: polyol fatty acid ester, glyceryl monostearate, lipophilic glyceryl monooleate, ethylene glycol monostearate, propylene glycol monostearate, sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester , Polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene sorbitol fatty acid ester, N-acyl amino acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, fatty acid alcohol Nonionic surfactants such as roll amide; and the like, and these arbitrary mixture or the like.
[0049]
To produce the thickened gel composition of the present invention,N-vinylamide polymerAnd colloidal silica may be mixed at room temperature, and necessary components are added and kneaded depending on the use of the thickened gel composition, and if necessary, water and additives are further added and kneaded. The speed of gelation, transparency of the resulting thickened gel composition, gel strength, and the like also vary depending on the order of addition.
[0050]
After kneading of each component, depending on the formulation, it is possible to make it gel immediately, and in that case, kneading is performed on a filling container or an adherend. In addition, it is a fluid sol immediately after kneading and can be gelled after a predetermined time. This method is generally easy to mold, and no bubbles remain during kneading in the gel. This method has a wider application range than gelation immediately after kneading.
[0051]
Adjustment of gel time and gel strength can be adjusted in the composition.N-vinylamide polymerAnd the colloidal silica content, the higher the content, the faster the gelation speed and the stronger the gel. Further, the gelation time and the gel strength can be adjusted by changing the ratio between the two. Furthermore, the gelation time can also be controlled by the type of colloidal silica, which is slow for alkaline colloidal silica and fast for acidic colloidal silica.
[0052]
Moreover, the transparency of the resulting thickened gel composition becomes higher and transparent as the particle size of the colloidal silica decreases. The colloidal silica used in the present invention has a particle diameter of 1 to 1000 nm, preferably 4 to 500 nm, more preferably 4 to 200 nm.
[0053]
In the present invention, the thickened gel-like composition is filled in a container in a sol state, applied to an object and molded, or once a thickened gel-like composition is obtained, an appropriate molding machine, tableting machine, etc. Can be molded.
[0054]
Furthermore, since the thickened gel-like composition obtained in the present invention can be made into a sol state and fluidized by heating, all the raw materials are mixed once to obtain a thickened gel-like composition, and then heated. Then, it can be filled in a container, or coated on an object, cooled, and molded again as a thickened gel composition. This reversible sol-gel transition is not limited to gel molding, but includes defoaming in the gel, insertion and sealing of articles into the gel, simplification of gel removal from containers and objects, and between fibers. This is a physical property useful for improving the permeability of the gel into a slight gap.
[0055]
By using the thickened gel composition of the present invention,N-vinylamide polymerIt is possible to produce a gel base with excellent weather resistance, freezing stability, moisture absorption / release properties, alcohol resistance, alcohol retention, etc. It is possible to produce a coating film and a coating film excellent in printing characteristics, oil resistance and easy removal.
[0056]
To make a thickened gel composition into a sheet, paper, wood, metal, glass fiber, cloth (nel, woven fabric, non-woven fabric, etc.), synthetic resin (polyurethane, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl chloride, polyester) (For example, polyethylene terephthalate), polyolefin (for example, polyethylene, polypropylene, etc.), polyamide (for example, nylon 6, nylon 66, etc.), polyvinylidene chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, etc., metal foils such as aluminum, rubber or cellulose derivatives And an appropriate amount of a soft gel body or a pre-gelled sol body or a sol body by heating the gel body on one or both sides of a support such as a molded product such as a laminated film of these and a plastic film. After that, an appropriate amount may be applied.
[0057]
In order to facilitate storage of the obtained sheet-like gel body, a release sheet treated with silicon or other appropriate method is stuck on the coated surface, or the uncoated surface is coated with silicon. Alternatively, it is desirable that the surface is peeled off by other suitable methods, and wound or overlapped so as to overlap the uncoated surface. As the release sheet material, polyethylene film, polypropylene film, release paper, cellophane, polyvinyl chloride, polyester and the like are used.
[0058]
In the present invention,N-vinylamide polymerThe mechanism by which gel is formed by colloidal silica is unknown, but sodium silicate and potassium silicate aqueous solutionN-vinylamide polymerEven if the aqueous solution is mixed, if the sodium silicate or potassium silicate aqueous solution is concentrated, the polymer precipitates or phase-separates, and if it is dilute, it becomes a mere uniform solution and a thickened gel composition cannot be obtained. And the reversible sol-gel transition by heating, the acidic hydrogen ion on the colloidal silica surface,N-vinylamide polymerThe oxygen atom of the amide group forms a hydrogen bond to form an organic / inorganic polymer complex, and the entire liquid is considered to be gelled.
[0059]
Hereinafter, the thickened gel-like composition of the present invention is applied to a fragrance base and / or a deodorant base, a repellent base and / or an insecticide base, a cold-reserving agent, a freshness-keeping agent, an anti-drying agent, a fiber. Treatment agent, water-absorbing sheet, soil conditioner, ground injecting agent, grounding resistance reducing agent, fireproof plate glass, fireproof window glass, external pharmaceutical agent base, cosmetic base, biomedical electrode, surface treatment agent, paper processing agent The case where it is used for a coating agent for electronic materials will be specifically described.
[0060]
When the thickened gel composition of the present invention is used as a fragrance base and / or deodorant base, repellent base and / or insecticide base, a fragrance and / or deodorant compound Animal and insect repellent ingredients and / or insecticide ingredientsN-vinylamide polymerIs dispersed or dissolved in water or a solvent, and colloidal silica is added to the liquid and kneaded. If necessary, water and additives are further added and kneaded.
[0061]
After kneading, depending on the prescription, gelation can be performed immediately. In that case, kneading is performed on a filling container or an adherend. Moreover, although it is a fluid sol immediately after kneading, it can be gelled after a predetermined time. The method of gelation after the elapse of a predetermined time is generally easy to mold and does not leave air bubbles during kneading in the gel, and therefore has a wider application range than the method of gelation immediately after gelation.
[0062]
In the present invention, the aromatic compound used in the fragrance base and / or deodorant base includes, for example, citrus flavors such as orange, lemon, lime and grapefruit; pineapple, banana, apple, apricot, berry, cherry Flavors for fruits such as coconut, vanilla and mint; Flavors for foods such as coconut, vanilla and mint; Flower flavors such as rose, jasmine, quince, gardenia, lily of the valley, sweet pea, lily, freesia, hyacinth, cyclamen; limonene, α-pinene, β- Hydrocarbons such as pinene, p-cymene, γ-terpinene, 3-carene, myrcene, ocimene, p-menthane, 1-p-menthen; alcohols such as linalool, citronellol, geraniol, benzyl alcohol, β-phenylethyl alcohol And these alcohol esters: coconut oil, orange oil, pepper oil, jasmine oil, cedar oil, ginger oil, terpin oil, orange flower oil, rose oil, eucalyptus oil, lime oil, lemon oil, Japanese mint oil, rosemary Vegetable fragrances such as oil; animal fragrances such as musk, reibiko, kairikou, rysenkou; aldehyde-based fragrances such as benzaldehyde and salicylaldehyde; ketone-based fragrances such as camphor, muscone, musk ketone and l-menton; Ether-based fragrances; Phenol-based fragrances such as thymol; Lactones-based fragrances; Acid-based fragrances such as phenylacetic acid; Nitrogen compound-based fragrances such as indole; It is a blended fragrance composition consisting of any mixture, or a kind of them Two or more kinds can be blended.
[0063]
On the other hand, examples of the deodorant compound include tea leaves such as green tea; plant extract essential oils such as camellia and camphoraceae; dithio-2,2′-bis (benzmethylamide); 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one; Ferrous sulfate; organic acid; zinc stearate; flavonoid compounds such as flavonol, flavone, flavanone; flavones such as diosmethine, diosmine, erodidictin, eriodictol, hesperidin, hesperetin, chemferol, naringenin, naringin, quercetin, rutin Derivatives; stabilized chlorine dioxide and the like, and one or more of them can be blended.
[0064]
Animal / insect repellent ingredients include, for example, permethrin, prothiophos, fulvalinate, fenvalerate, pyrethrin, piperonyl butoxide, pepper brain oil, lavender oil, pepper extract, garlic extract, lemongrass essential oil, wood vinegar, tobacco extract, etc. Pests, dogs, cats, crows, hares, and other repellent ingredients are included.
[0065]
Examples of the insecticidal component include chloropicrin, dichloropropane, dichloropropylene, dichlorovos and the like, and liquid chemicals generally used as an agricultural chemical at present.
[0066]
In the present invention, the volatilization rate of the active ingredient can be controlled by including alcohol in the thickened gel composition. The fragrance and / or deodorant base, repellent and / or pesticide base prepared in the present invention is an integral gel, which is effective when a particulate gel is used. When the gel shrinks with the volatilization of the components, the phenomenon that the particulate gel adheres to the wall surface of the container and the appearance does not look good is eliminated.
[0067]
The fragrance and / or deodorant base, repellent and / or insecticide base prepared in the present invention are used in public facilities such as hospitals, houses, toilets, changing rooms, shoe boxes, chiffons, closets, attics, under floors. It is preferably used indoors, such as in vehicles such as automobiles, trains, airplanes, etc., and outdoors such as gardens, rooftops, roads, garbage storage, compost boxes, orchards, and plastic houses.
[0068]
When using the thickened gel composition of the present invention as a cryogen,N-vinylamide polymerIs dispersed or dissolved in water and / or a solvent, and colloidal silica is added to the liquid and kneaded. If necessary, water and additives are further added and kneaded. After kneading, depending on the prescription, gelation can be performed immediately. In that case, kneading is performed in a filled container. In addition, it is a fluid sol immediately after kneading and can be gelled after a predetermined time, and this method is generally easy to mold and does not leave bubbles during kneading, The application range is wider than the method of gelling immediately after.
[0069]
Moreover, it is possible to lower the freezing point at the time of cooling by adding alcohols and various salts to the composition as a cooling agent, and the hardness at the time of gel cooling can be controlled. Furthermore, even if the thickened gel-like composition of the present invention is completely frozen, it returns to the original thickened gel-like composition after thawing, and water separation or solification from the gel does not occur.
[0070]
Examples of alcohols that can be added include methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, (iso) propyl alcohol, (iso) butyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutanol, phenethyl alcohol, hexyl alcohol, 2-ethylhexanol, and cyclohexanol. , Monohydric alcohols such as octyl alcohol, pentanol and ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, dihydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and 1,4-butylene glycol, trihydric alcohols such as glycerin and trioxyisobutane, erythritol, pentaerythritol Examples include tetrahydric alcohols such as trit, pentahydric alcohols such as xylit and adnit, and hexahydric alcohols such as allozulcit, sorbitol liquid and mannitol. Ethyl alcohol from sexual terms, glycerine, propylene glycol is particularly preferred.
[0071]
Various modifiers such as octaacetylated sucrose, denatonium benzoate, brucine, flavor H-No. 1, Flavor H-No. 3, Flavor H-No. 4. Flavor H-No. 6, Flavor H-No. 9, Flavor H-No. 10, Flavor H-No. 11, Flavor H-No. 12, Flavor H-No. 13, Flavor T-No. 100, flavor T-No. It is also possible to use denatured alcohol added with 101 or the like.
[0072]
Examples of salts include sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium acetate, potassium acetate, sodium lactate, and potassium lactate. Use one or a combination of these. Is possible.
[0073]
When adjusting the thickened gel composition,N-vinylamide polymerBy filtering the solutionN-vinylamide polymerThe foreign matter contained in can be removed, and the problem of foreign matter contamination when using a powdery polymerized crosslinked product can be solved.
[0074]
Furthermore, the cold-reserving agent of the present invention can be used as a cold-retaining pillow, a cold-reserving agent for transportation, a cold-retaining agent for cooler boxes, a cold-retaining agent for sports icing, and the like. It can be suitably used for a relaxation sheet, an Odeco cooling sheet during heat generation, and the like.
[0075]
When using the thickened gel composition of the present invention as a freshness-keeping agent,N-vinylamide polymerIs dispersed or dissolved in water and / or a solvent, and colloidal silica is added to the liquid and kneaded. If necessary, water and additives are further added and kneaded. After kneading, depending on the prescription, gelation can be performed immediately. In that case, kneading is performed on a filling container or an adherend.
[0076]
Moreover, immediately after kneading, it is also possible to gel after a predetermined time with a fluid sol body, this method is generally easy to mold and no bubbles remain during kneading, This method has a wider application range than the method in which gelation is performed immediately thereafter. Furthermore, ethyl alcohol, horseradish extract, etc. can be used as a freshness-keeping component, and it is possible to prevent spoilage of foods and the like by their bactericidal action.
[0077]
When using the thickened gel composition of the present invention as an anti-drying agent,N-vinylamide polymerIs dissolved in water, and colloidal silica is added to the liquid and kneaded. If necessary, water and additives are further added and kneaded. After kneading, depending on the prescription, gelation can be performed immediately. In that case, kneading is performed on a filling container or an adherend. In addition, it is a fluid sol immediately after kneading and can be gelled after a predetermined time has elapsed. This method is generally easier to mold and does not leave bubbles during kneading in the gel. The application range is wider than the method of gelling immediately after.
[0078]
The anti-drying agent thus obtained is placed in a desired place, and the thickened gel-like composition is exposed to various atmospheres, whereby the moisture in the gel evaporates over time to prevent the surroundings from drying. be able to. It is also possible to adjust the amount of water released by blending hygroscopic salts (for example, calcium chloride) into the gel.
[0079]
When using the thickened gel composition of the present invention as a fiber treatment agent,N-vinylamide polymerIs dispersed or dissolved in water and / or a solvent, and if necessary, additives are added and kneaded, and further colloidal silica is added and kneaded.N-vinylamide polymerThe amount of water and / or solvent, additive, and colloidal silica is a fluid sol immediately after kneading, and is generally adjusted so as to gel after a predetermined time. Or a thickened gel composition and heated for use in this application as a sol, orN-vinylamide polymerAnd colloidal silica can be mixed under heating and applied to the fiber.
[0080]
Moreover, the drying rate after application | coating to the fiber of a processing agent is controllable by mix | blending alcohol which is easy to volatilize, such as ethyl alcohol. The fiber treatment agent thus obtained is adhered to the fiber surface by a method suitable for the purpose. For example, a coating such as a gravure coater, knife coater, roller coater, transfer coater, spray coater, or ink jet coater, or a dipping process for allowing fibers to be immersed in a treatment agent bath may be used.
[0081]
Apart from this method, the fiber is firstN-vinylamide polymerSoaked in a solution that has been dissolved, and then soaked in a solution of colloidal silica, or first soaked in a solution of colloidal silica,N-vinylamide polymerIt is also possible to produce a thickened gel-like composition on the fiber by immersing it in a dissolved solution. In this case, if the additive is added to the colloidal silica liquid, the colloidal silica may become unstable and the silica may precipitate depending on the type of the additive.N-vinylamide polymerIt is advantageous to add to the dissolved solution. “Fiber” as used herein refers to natural fibers such as cotton, silk, and wool, semi-synthetic fibers such as rayon, synthetic fibers such as acrylic, polyester, and nylon. Intended for processing of cloth, non-woven fabric, etc.
[0082]
Next, the case where the thickening gel-like composition of the present invention is used as a water absorbent sheet will be described.N-vinylamide polymerIs dispersed or dissolved in water and / or a solvent, and if necessary, additives are added and kneaded, and further colloidal silica is added and kneaded.N-vinylamide polymerThe amount of water and / or solvent, additives and colloidal silica is generally adjusted so that it is a fluid sol immediately after kneading and gels after a predetermined time. Or a thickened gel composition and heated for use in this application as a sol, orN-vinylamide polymerAnd colloidal silica can be mixed under heating and applied to an object.
[0083]
The thickened gel composition thus obtained is adhered to the sheet surface of paper, resin film, woven fabric, nonwoven fabric, wood, metal, glass fiber, rubber or the like by a method suitable for the purpose. For example, a coating such as a gravure coater, knife coater, roller coater, transfer coater, spray coater, or ink jet coater, or a dipping process that allows fibers to be submerged in a treatment agent bath may be used.
[0084]
Apart from this method, the carrier is firstN-vinylamide polymerSoaked in a solution that has been dissolved, and then soaked in a solution of colloidal silica, or first soaked in a solution of colloidal silica,N-vinylamide polymerIt is also possible to generate a thickened gel-like composition on the support by immersing in a solution in which is dissolved. In this case, if an additive is added to the colloidal silica liquid, depending on the type of additive, the colloidal silica may become unstable and silica may precipitate.N-vinylamide polymerIt is advantageous to add to the dissolved solution.
[0085]
The water-absorbent sheet using the thickened gel composition of the present invention can be suitably used as an element having a function of continuously absorbing and evaporating water in a humidifier, a cold air fan or the like.
[0086]
Next, the case where the thickening gel-like composition of the present invention is used as a soil conditioner, ground injecting agent, and grounding resistance reducing agent will be described.N-vinylamide polymerIs dissolved in water, and if necessary, additives are added and kneaded, and further colloidal silica is added and kneaded.N-vinylamide polymerThe amount of water, additives, and colloidal silica added is a fluid sol immediately after kneading and is generally adjusted so that it gels after a predetermined time. It is also possible to use it for this application as a sol by heating it. In the case of a soil conditioner, the treatment agent thus obtained is mixed with soil and used for leveling. In the case of a ground injecting agent, it is pumped to the intended soft ground layer with an injection tube, and then penetrates into the ground and gels.
[0087]
In the case of a grounding resistance reducing agent, carbon black, inorganic / organic salts, and the like are added to further increase the conductivity, and the holes drilled into the soil are filled. In addition, in the case of soil conditioners and soil injectants,N-vinylamide polymerIt is also possible to mix the solution and colloidal silica separately in the soil, or to pump into the ground and to gel after mixing and pumping.
[0088]
In the present invention, a large amount of chloride that inhibits plant growth and corrodes iron structures, phytic acid and water-soluble organic compounds that are problematic in terms of safety and the environment, and earth and sand on the hardened ground are reused. Since it is not necessary to use a cement-based solidifying agent that causes a problem in the process, the problems of the conventional method can be solved. Moreover,N-vinylamide polymerHowever, because it produces an excellent water-retaining gel, it prevents soil from drying, prevents dust from schoolyards and tennis courts, and provides a sufficient effect of reducing grounding resistance even during winter drying.
[0089]
When using the thickened gel-like composition of the present invention for fireproof plate glass, fireproof window glass,N-vinylamide polymerIs dissolved in water, and if necessary, additives are added and kneaded, and further colloidal silica is added and kneaded.N-vinylamide polymerThe amount of water, additives and colloidal silica added is generally a fluid sol immediately after kneading the gel composition, and is generally adjusted to gel after a predetermined time. A thickened gel-like composition at room temperature and heated for use in this application as a sol, orN-vinylamide polymerAnd colloidal silica can be mixed under heating and used in this application.
[0090]
The sol body thus obtained is filled between two glass plates placed at a desired distance, gelled with time, and fixed between the glasses. At this time, if a non-flammable inorganic salt is added to the sol body, a further fire prevention effect can be expected when the gel body is exposed to a flame. The fireproofing effect of the thickened gel-like composition-filled plate glass is due to heat being removed from the gel body by evaporating water when the glass is exposed to a flame.
[0091]
In the thickened gel-like composition of the present invention, a uniform hydrogel layer can be easily obtained as compared with a conventional method of polymerizing monomers in a sheet glass molded body because the sol body uniformly mixed in advance is filled. Even if air bubbles enter the gel during filling, the gel becomes a sol state and can be easily defoamed by heating the whole sheet glass molded body again. In addition, there is little residual monomer in advanceN-vinylamide polymerBy using this, it is possible to prevent coloring due to decomposition of the residual monomer over time.
[0092]
Next, when using the thickening gel-like composition of the present invention as an external pharmaceutical agent base, the case of using it as a cosmetic base will be described. When using the thickened gel composition of the present invention as an external pharmaceutical agent base,N-vinylamide polymerIs dissolved in water and / or a solvent, medicinal components, additives and the like are added and kneaded, and then colloidal silica is added to the liquid and kneaded.N-vinylamide polymer, Water and / or solvent, medicinal ingredients, additives, colloidal silica are added in a sol body that is fluid immediately after kneading and is generally adjusted to gel after a predetermined time. However, it is also possible to use a thickened gel-like composition at room temperature and use it in this application as a sol by heating.
[0093]
The sol thus obtained is used as an ointment that is applied directly to the skin, or is applied onto a desired base material to form a thickened gel composition and used as a patch. By including alcohol in these compositions, the solubility of a drug and an active ingredient can be controlled, and the permeability to skin can be improved. In the present invention, since a reactive crosslinking agent or ionic crosslinking agent is not particularly used, a pharmaceutical base that does not change its efficacy even if it contains a pharmaceutical component that reacts with these crosslinking agents. Can be produced.
[0094]
When using the thickened gel composition of the present invention as a cosmetic base,N-vinylamide polymerIs dissolved in water and / or a solvent, an active ingredient, an additive, and the like are added and kneaded, and then colloidal silica is added to the liquid and kneaded.N-vinylamide polymer, Water and / or solvent, active ingredient, additive, colloidal silica added amount is generally a fluid sol immediately after kneading, and is generally adjusted to gel after a predetermined time. However, it is also possible to use a thickened gel-like composition at room temperature and use it in this application as a sol by heating.
[0095]
The sol thus obtained can be used as a jelly or cream to be applied to the skin, or can be applied on a desired base material to form a thickened gel composition, which can be used for a face mask, a pack, etc. Is done. By including alcohol in these compositions, the solubility of an active ingredient can be controlled and the permeability to skin can be improved.
[0096]
When using the thickened gel composition of the present invention as a biological electrode,N-vinylamide polymerIs dissolved in water and / or a solvent, and additives are added and kneaded. Further, colloidal silica is added to the liquid and kneaded.N-vinylamide polymerThe amount of water, and / or solvent, additive, and colloidal silica is generally adjusted so that it is a fluid sol immediately after kneading and gels after a predetermined time. It is also possible to use the composition in the form of a thickened gel and heat it to form a sol for use in this application.
[0097]
The sol body thus obtained is used after being filled in a container or a mold and gelled. By containing a polyhydric alcohol in the sol body, it is possible to prevent the electrode from drying, and by using ethanol or the like, it is also possible to suppress the growth of germs on the electrode. Furthermore, the electrical conductivity of a gel body can be raised by containing salts.
[0098]
Next, the case where the thickened gel composition of the present invention is used as a surface treatment agent will be described.N-vinylamide polymerIs dispersed or dissolved in water and / or a solvent, and if necessary, additives are added and kneaded, and further colloidal silica is added and kneaded.
[0099]
N-vinylamide polymerThe amount of water, and / or solvent, additive, and colloidal silica is generally adjusted so that it is a fluid sol immediately after kneading and gels after a predetermined time. A thickened gel-like composition that is heated and used as a sol for this application, orN-vinylamide polymerAnd colloidal silica can be mixed under heating and used in this application. Moreover, the drying rate after application | coating of a processing agent is controllable by mix | blending alcohol which is easy to volatilize, such as ethyl alcohol.
[0100]
The surface treating agent thus obtained is adhered to the surface of the object by a method suitable for the purpose. For example, a coating such as a gravure coater, knife coater, roller coater, transfer coater, spray coater, and ink jet coater, or a dipping process for immersing an object in a treatment agent bath is used. Apart from this method, the object is firstN-vinylamide polymerSoaked in a solution that has been dissolved, and then soaked in a solution of colloidal silica, or first soaked in a solution of colloidal silica,N-vinylamide polymerIt is also possible to produce a thickened gel-like composition on the object by immersing it in a dissolved solution. In this case, if the additive is added to the colloidal silica liquid, the colloidal silica may become unstable and the silica may precipitate depending on the type of the additive.N-vinylamide polymerIt is advantageous and preferable to add to the dissolved solution.
[0101]
The object to be surface-treated here is a resin molded product, a resin film or sheet such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, nylon, vinyl chloride, cellophane or urethane, a resin foam, a metal molded product such as iron, aluminum or stainless steel, Examples include, but are not limited to, metal plates, wooden products, elastomers such as rubber, glass, cement, stones, and the like.
[0102]
Furthermore, when using the thickened gel composition of the present invention as a paper processing agent,N-vinylamide polymerIs dispersed or dissolved in water and / or a solvent, and if necessary, additives are added and kneaded, and further colloidal silica is added and kneaded.N-vinylamide polymerThe amount of water and / or solvent, additive, and colloidal silica is a fluid sol immediately after kneading, and is generally adjusted so as to gel after a predetermined time. Or a thickened gel composition and heated for use in this application as a sol, orN-vinylamide polymerAnd colloidal silica can be mixed under heating and used in this application. Moreover, the drying rate after application | coating of a processing agent is controllable by mix | blending alcohol which is easy to volatilize, such as ethyl alcohol.
[0103]
The paper processing agent thus obtained is adhered to the paper surface by a method suitable for the purpose. For example, a coating such as a gravure coater, knife coater, roller coater, transfer coater, spray coater, or ink jet coater, or a dipping process for immersing paper in a treatment agent bath is used. Apart from this method, the paperN-vinylamide polymerSoaked in a solution of dissolved colloidal silica, or first soaked in a solution of colloidal silica, and thenN-vinylamide polymerIt is also possible to produce a thickened gel-like composition on the paper surface by immersing it in a dissolved solution.
[0104]
In this case, if the additive is added to the colloidal silica liquid, the colloidal silica may become unstable and the silica may precipitate depending on the type of the additive.N-vinylamide polymerIt is advantageous and preferable to add to the dissolved solution. The objects to be treated here are general cellulose raw paper, coated paper, sizing paper, laminated paper, thermal paper, pressure-sensitive paper (registered trademark), impregnated paper, and further synthesis using synthetic resin pulp. Examples include paper, synthetic paper obtained by stretching a resin film, and the like.
[0105]
When using the thickened gel composition of the present invention as a coating agent for electronic materials,N-vinylamide polymerIs dispersed or dissolved in water and / or a solvent, and if necessary, additives are added and kneaded, and further colloidal silica is added and kneaded.N-vinylamide polymerIn general, the amount of water and / or solvent, additive, and colloidal silica is adjusted so that it is gelled after a predetermined time in a fluid sol immediately after kneading, but increases at room temperature. A viscous gel-like composition is heated and used in this application as a sol, orN-vinylamide polymerAnd colloidal silica can be mixed under heating and used in this application. Moreover, the drying rate after application | coating of a processing agent is controllable by mix | blending alcohol which is easy to volatilize, such as ethyl alcohol.
[0106]
The electronic material coating agent thus obtained is adhered to the surface of the object by a method suitable for the purpose. For example, a coating such as a gravure coater, knife coater, roller coater, transfer coater, spray coater, and ink jet coater, or a dipping process for immersing an object in a treatment agent bath is used. Apart from this method, the object must beN-vinylamide polymerSoaked in a solution of dissolved colloidal silica, or first soaked in a solution of colloidal silica, and thenN-vinylamide polymerIt is also possible to produce a thickened gel-like composition on the object by immersing it in a dissolved solution. In this case, if the additive is added to the colloidal silica liquid, the colloidal silica may become unstable and the silica may precipitate depending on the type of the additive.N-vinylamide polymerIt is advantageous and preferable to add to the dissolved solution.
[0107]
Examples of the target to be coated include, but are not limited to, a printed board, an electronic material component, an electronic material housing, a solar cell, a battery electrode, a capacitor electrode, a separator film, and the like.
[0108]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example is given and this invention is demonstrated in detail, this invention is not limited at all by these.
[0109]
Example 113
According to the blending amount (mass%) shown in Tables 1 and 2 below, a thickened gel composition or a gelled sol composition was prepared.
[0110]
[Table 1]
[0111]
[Table 2]
[0112]
Example 1 is a gel fragrance, Example2Is a gel repellent, Example3Is a gel insecticide, Example4Is a gel-like cryogen, Example5Is a gel-like freshness-retaining agent, Example6Is fiber treatment agent, surface treatment agent, coating material for electronic materials, Examples7Is a sol composition for water-absorbent sheets and paper processing, Examples8Is a soil conditioner, Examples9Is the ground injection, Examples10Is a ground resistance reducing agent, Example11Is a sol composition for fireproof flat glass, Examples12Is an external medical agent base, Example13Is a prescription example of a biomedical electrode.
[0113]
Commercial ingredients were used for the fragrance (Muscat flavor) and the repellent (wood vinegar) among the ingredients.
N-vinylamide polymerAs "Biac (Showa Denko Co., Ltd. registered trademark) GE-191LH" (Mass average molecular weight 1,800,000, N-vinylacetamide homopolymer, 5% polymer aqueous solution), "Biac (Showa Denko Co., Ltd.) (Registered trademark) GE-191L "(mass average molecular weight 900,000, N-vinylacetamide homopolymer, 10% polymer aqueous solution)," Biac (Showa Denko Co., Ltd.) GE-194LL "(mass average molecular weight 300,000, N -Vinylacetamide homopolymer, 20% polymer aqueous solution), "Biac (Showa Denko Co., Ltd.) GE-191LL" (mass average molecular weight 40,000, N-vinylacetamide homopolymer, 40% polymer aqueous solution)It was used. In addition, “Lubicol K30” (mass average molecular weight 60,000, N-vinylpyrrolidone homopolymer, powder, 20% aqueous polymer solution) manufactured by BASF was used as a comparative example.
[0114]
As N-vinylamide copolymer,BASF "Kollidon VA64" (mass average molecular weight 70,000, used as N-vinylpyrrolidone / vinyl acetate copolymer, powder, 20% polymer aqueous solution) was used.
Colloidal silica includes “Silica Dole-30” (30% solid content), “Silica Doll-30A” (30% solid content, acidic), “Sodium Silicate No. 3” (40% solids) manufactured by Nippon Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Min), “1K potassium silicate” (50% solids), and “Snowtex-S” (30% solids) manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd. were used.
[0115]
As an adjustment method, first,N-vinylamide polymerEach component other than colloidal silica was added and kneaded to the aqueous solution, and finally kneaded by mixing with colloidal silica.
Example1, 2, 3, 5Then, the prepared sol-like composition was filled in a container and allowed to stand for several hours to several days, whereby a thickened gel-like composition having no fluidity could be produced.
Example13Then, once the gel composition is prepared, it is heated to 70 ° C., filled into a container / mold as a sol, and allowed to stand for several hours to several days to produce a thickened gel composition without fluidity. It was.
[0116]
Example4Then, the adjusted sol-like composition was filled in a plastic bag, sealed with a heat seal, and allowed to stand for several hours to several days. Thus, a slightly thick fluid soft thickening gel-like composition could be produced.
Example6Then, after putting a predetermined amount of water in a dipping bath with a heat insulation jacket and heating to 70 ° C,N-vinylamide polymerFill the sol composition prepared by adding and mixing aqueous solution and colloidal silica in this order, impregnate the target object there, take it out, remove the excess liquid with a roller etc., then leave it at room temperature to leave excess moisture Gelled while skipping.
[0117]
Example7Then, the sol composition was applied and absorbed on a foamed urethane sheet or paper with a roller coater, and then allowed to stand at room temperature to gel the excess moisture.
Example8So first with waterN-vinylamide polymerThe aqueous solution was mixed, and the soil was mixed therewith. After further mixing, the mixture was spread on the desired ground surface, leveled, and colloidal silica was uniformly sprayed thereon, and aged for several days.
[0118]
Example9Then, the obtained sol-like composition was heated to 80 ° C., pumped to a soft ground layer with an injection tube provided with a heat retaining layer, cooled and gelled in the ground, and used.
In Example 10, the obtained sol-like composition was poured into a hole dug in a grounding location such as a utility pole, and an earthing rod was inserted into the hole, and it was used. Adjust the viscosity to allow filling without gaps.
[0119]
Example11Then, after filling the obtained sol-like composition with care so that bubbles do not enter between the double-glazed windows, the entire glass is immersed in water at 70 ° C to reduce the viscosity of the sol and expel mixed bubbles. The gel was allowed to stand overnight.
[0120]
Example12Then, after applying a sol composition on a lint cloth with a knife coater, a polypropylene film coated with a release agent is laminated on the coated surface, and then cut into a desired shape with a die cutter.
[0121]
Comparative Examples 1 to 7 Preparations were made according to the blending amounts (% by mass) shown in Table 3 below.
[0122]
[Table 3]
[0123]
Comparative Example 1 is a case where sodium silicate is used instead of colloidal silica, and Comparative Example 2 is a case where potassium silicate is used instead of colloidal silica. In either case, the polymer is phase-separated immediately after kneading. It was not mixed even after one week.
[0124]
Comparative Example 3N-vinylamide polymerWhen the solid content ratio in the colloidal silica is 98: 2, Comparative Example 4 isN-vinylamide polymerIn the case where the solid content ratio in the colloidal silica was 0.5: 99.5, the composition showed fluidity and gelation did not occur even after 1 week after kneading.
[0125]
Comparative Examples 5, 6, and 7N-vinylamide polymerThe weight average molecular weight was 200,000 or less, but the composition showed fluidity and gelation did not occur even after 1 week after kneading.
[0126]
【The invention's effect】
The present inventionN-vinylamide polymerAnd a thickening gel-like composition that can be adjusted by simply mixing colloidal silica at room temperature, and a fragrance base and / or a deodorant base, a repellent base and / or an insecticide base , Cold-retaining agent, freshness-retaining agent, anti-drying agent, fiber treatment agent, water-absorbing sheet, soil improver, ground injecting agent, grounding resistance reducing agent, fire-resistant sheet glass, fire-resistant window glass, external pharmaceutical agent base, cosmetic base It can be suitably used for a wide range of applications as an agent, a biological electrode, a surface treatment agent, a paper processing agent, a coating agent for electronic materials, and the like.
Claims (33)
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KR101838027B1 (en) | 2017-12-05 | 2018-04-27 | 김철호 | Elastic paving composition having improved functionality and durability and thin layer paving method therewith |
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WO2005014770A1 (en) * | 2003-08-07 | 2005-02-17 | Lion Corporation | Allergen reducing agent, composition containing same and method for reducing allergen |
EP1772055A1 (en) * | 2005-10-04 | 2007-04-11 | Rohm and Haas France SAS | Synergistic microbicidal compositions comprising a N-alkyl-1,2-benzoisothiazolin-3-one |
JP5304732B2 (en) * | 2010-06-09 | 2013-10-02 | 昭三 遠藤 | Gelatin cross-linked gel-based cold medium and cold insulation material |
EP2588626A4 (en) * | 2010-06-30 | 2014-02-12 | 3M Innovative Properties Co | Device for rapidly detecting microorganisms |
CN104487537B (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2021-02-19 | 古河电气工业株式会社 | Heat storage material composition, auxiliary heat source using same, and heat supply method |
JP6801874B2 (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2020-12-16 | 株式会社小林工業 | Soil improvement pavement method using hydrogel |
WO2018221418A1 (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2018-12-06 | 日産化学株式会社 | Hydrogel-forming composition and highly transparent hydrogel prepared therefrom |
CA3128162A1 (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2020-08-06 | Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc. | Degradable resin composition, degradable cured product and downhole tool for drilling |
JP7238706B2 (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2023-03-14 | 三菱ケミカルインフラテック株式会社 | Hardener liquid, soil stabilization chemical, method for producing the chemical, and ground stabilization method |
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