JP3843509B2 - Plate reactor - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a plate reactor in which two kinds of fluids are partitioned by a partition wall and the reaction is promoted or controlled by heat exchange therebetween.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a reactor for promoting or controlling the reaction by heat exchange between two kinds of fluids, a reformer (reformer) for a fuel cell, a shift converter, and the like are known. Furthermore, some reactors in which the reaction chambers of such reformers and shift converters are divided by flat partition walls and a plurality of them are stacked have been proposed and implemented. Hereinafter, such a reactor is referred to as a “plate reactor”.
[0003]
7-9 show a phosphoric acid type (PAFC) fuel cell power generation system (FIG. 7), a molten carbonate type (MCFC) fuel cell power generation system (FIG. 8), and a solid polymer type (SOFC) fuel cell system (FIG. 7). 9). Conventionally, plate type reactors are applied to these power generation systems. For example, a PAFC power generation system is a reformer, a high temperature and low temperature shift converter, a MCFC power generation system is a reformer, and a SOFC power generation system is a reformer and a low temperature shift converter.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
FIG. 10 is a structural diagram of a plate reformer (reformer) which is a conventional plate reactor. In this figure, the high temperature stage and the low temperature stage are partitioned by a flat partition wall 1, and a number of pipes 2 are spot welded to the partition wall 1, and a filler is formed in the space formed by the partition wall 1 and the pipe 2. 3 is filled. In this figure, reference numeral 5 denotes a partition member constituted by a perforated plate (punch plate) or the like, which prevents outflow of a catalyst or the like filled therein and allows gas to flow therethrough.
[0005]
However, in the plate reformer of this structure, (1) since the height of the side bar 4 and the pipe 2 needs to be manufactured with high precision, it is necessary to machine a large number of pipes 2 and (2) the partition wall There is a problem that it takes a lot of time to position and weld 1 and a large number of pipes 2. Therefore, the manufacturing cost is high, and a significant cost reduction has been demanded.
[0006]
The present invention has been made to solve such problems. That is, an object of the present invention is to have a plurality of partition walls that partition between two kinds of fluids, to efficiently perform heat exchange between them, to promote or control a predetermined reaction, and to achieve high accuracy without machining. Another object of the present invention is to provide a plate reactor that can be produced efficiently at low cost.
[0007]
According to the present invention, there is a separator plate formed by press molding having a large number of protrusions on the front and back, and a flat plate that is in close contact with the tip of the protrusion, and the separator plate and the flat plate are alternately laminated, A high temperature gas flow path and a low temperature gas flow path are formed , and a low temperature gas flow path is formed between the separator plate and a flat plate that is in close contact with the front end of the protrusion on the separator plate. There is provided a plate reactor characterized in that a hot gas flow path is formed between a flat plate in close contact with the tip of the protrusion on the back side .
[0008]
With this structure, separator plates and flat plates by press molding are alternately stacked, eliminating the need for machining and welding of many pipes as in the past, and providing high-precision, low-cost, efficient plates without machining. The reactor can be manufactured, and the weight of the reactor can be reduced and the number of assembly steps can be reduced.
When a plate reactor is used as a reformer, the reforming catalyst is filled in the low-temperature gas flow path, a mixed gas of hydrocarbon and steam is flowed into the flow path, and heat transfer is promoted through the high-temperature gas flow path. By filling a material (that is, alumina balls) and flowing a combustion gas or the like, hydrocarbons in the low temperature gas channel can be reformed to hydrogen and CO by heat transfer from the high temperature gas channel. The same applies when a plate reactor is used as a shift converter.
[0009]
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the separator plate does not form a bridge with a filler of any one of a reaction catalyst, a reaction catalyst + heat transfer promoting material, and a heat transfer promoting material in the high temperature gas flow path and the low temperature gas flow path. It has a corrugated shape that can be filled with. Examples of the corrugated shape that can be filled without forming a bridge include (1) circular embossing, (2) elliptical embossing, and the like. Further, the reaction catalyst and the heat transfer promoting material may have a particle size and a shape that do not form a bridge in the gas passage. With this configuration, the reaction catalyst and the heat transfer promoting material can be exchanged without disassembling the plate reactor.
[0010]
The corrugated shape is composed of a convex emboss and a concave emboss adjacent to each other, and is repeated alternately in the plane of the separator plate. With this configuration, the separator plate can be easily mass-produced with high accuracy from one flat plate by press molding.
[0011]
And a filler stopper that partitions the hot gas channel or the cold gas channel without contacting the emboss, and a filler inlet hole that fills the partitioned channel with the filler. Has a through hole that allows gas to flow in the flow path, and the partitioned flow paths are filled with different fillers.
With this configuration, a plurality of fillers can be divided and filled in each gas passage, heat transfer in the plate reactor can be controlled, and reaction in the plate reactor can be promoted or controlled.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and used for the common part in each figure.
FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a plate reactor according to the present invention. In this figure, (A) is a partial longitudinal sectional view, (B) is a sectional view taken along line BB in (A), (C) is a sectional view taken along line CC in (A), and (D) is ( It is a D arrow view of B). That is, (B) is a plan view of a low temperature stage (low temperature gas flow path), and (C) is a plan view of a high temperature stage (high temperature gas flow path).
[0013]
As shown in this figure, the plate reactor 10 of the present invention has a separator plate 12 formed by press molding having a large number of protrusions 11 on the front and back sides, and a flat plate 13 that is in close contact with the tips of the protrusions 11. Separator plates 12 and flat plates 13 are alternately stacked, and a high-temperature gas passage 14 and a low-temperature gas passage 15 are formed therebetween. In this figure, reference numeral 4 denotes a side bar which connects the periphery of the separator plate 12 and the flat plate 13 in an airtight manner by welding or the like.
[0014]
Further, as shown in (B) and (C), a partition member 5 constituted by a perforated plate (punch plate) or the like is provided in the gas inflow portion and the gas outflow portion of the high temperature gas flow path 14 and the low temperature gas flow path 15. It is attached and prevents the catalyst filled in the inside from flowing out and allows gas to flow inside.
[0015]
Furthermore, in order to improve the temperature distribution generated in the packed bed of the plate reactor (plate type reformer and shift converter), the header 17 is made symmetrical so that the flow of the hot gas and the cold gas is symmetric. It is installed in. Since the partition wall (separator plate 12) is integrally press-molded, it is possible to reduce the weight of the reactor, reduce assembly, and reduce the number of tack welding welding.
[0016]
This figure shows a case where a plate reactor is used as a reformer. The low-temperature gas channel 15 is filled with a reforming catalyst, and a mixed gas of hydrocarbon and water vapor is caused to flow through this channel. By filling the high-temperature gas channel 14 with a heat transfer promoting material (ie, alumina balls) and flowing a high-temperature gas or the like, hydrocarbons in the low-temperature gas channel are changed to hydrogen and CO by heat transfer from the high-temperature gas channel. Can be quality. Further, the plate reactor shown in this figure can be used as it is as a shift converter.
[0017]
FIG. 2 shows a separator plate 12 formed by press molding. As shown in FIG. 1, a large number of protrusions 11 formed by press molding on the front and back of the separator plate 12 have a corrugated shape, and this corrugated shape is formed by a convex emboss and a concave emboss adjacent to each other. Become. In FIG. 2, the convex emboss is indicated by a circle and the ● mark indicates a concave emboss. The adjacent embosses of the convex emboss are necessarily concave and are repeated alternately in the plane of the separator plate. With this configuration, the separator plate can be easily mass-produced with high accuracy from one flat plate by press molding.
[0018]
FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a low temperature shift converter. The low temperature shift reaction catalyst is a Cu-Zn system. FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of a high temperature shift converter. Since high temperature gas flows on the upstream side of the hot plate, there is a possibility that the high temperature shift reaction catalyst will sinter and its activity may be lowered, and this portion can be filled with alumina balls. The high temperature shift reaction catalyst is Fe-Cr type.
[0019]
In FIG. 4 (B), it has the filler stop 18 which partitions a high temperature gas flow path without contacting the embossing 11, and the filler injection | throwing-in hole 19 which fills this partitioned flow path with a filler. The filler stopper 18 has a through hole that allows gas to flow in the flow path. With this configuration, the reaction in the plate-type reactor can be controlled by filling each partitioned flow path with different fillers (for example, a reaction catalyst and a heat transfer promoting material).
[0020]
FIG. 5 shows an embodiment in which heat insulating layers are provided on the upper and lower ends in order to ensure the thermal symmetry of the upper and lower stages, and the purpose is to ensure the stability of the structural strength and the header mounting space. FIG. 6 is a plan view of the heat insulation stage.
[0021]
In addition, this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, Of course, it can change variously in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the plate reactor of the present invention does not require machining and welding of a large number of pipes as in the prior art, and can produce a plate reactor efficiently with high accuracy and low cost without machining. And has excellent effects such as reduction in the weight of the reactor and reduction in the number of assembly steps.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a plate reactor according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a separator plate formed by press molding.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a low temperature shift converter.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a high temperature shift converter.
FIG. 5 is an embodiment in which a heat insulating layer is provided on the upper and lower ends.
FIG. 6 is a plan view of an adiabatic stage.
FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a phosphoric acid fuel cell power generation system.
FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of a molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system.
FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of a solid polymer fuel cell system.
FIG. 10 is a structural diagram of a conventional plate reactor.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Partition 2 Pipe 3 Filler 4 Side bar 10 Plate type reactor 11 Protrusion part 12 Separator plate 13 Flat plate 14 Hot gas flow path 15 Low temperature gas flow path 17 Header 18 Filler stop 19 Filler input hole

Claims (5)

A separator plate formed by press molding having a large number of protrusions on the front and back, and a flat plate that is in close contact with the tip of the protrusion, and the separator plate and the flat plate are alternately laminated, and a high-temperature gas flow path and a low temperature between them Forming a gas flow path ,
A low-temperature gas flow path is formed between the separator plate and a flat plate that is in close contact with the front end of the protrusion on the separator plate, and between the separator plate and a flat plate that is in close contact with the front end of the protrusion of the separator plate. A plate reactor in which a hot gas flow path is formed .   The separator plate has a corrugated shape capable of filling the high-temperature gas flow path and the low-temperature gas flow path with any one of a reaction catalyst, a reaction catalyst + heat transfer promotion material, and a heat transfer promotion material without forming a bridge. The plate reactor according to claim 1.   The plate reactor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the corrugated shape is composed of a convex embossment and a concave embossment adjacent to each other and is alternately repeated in a plane of a separator plate.   A filler stopper for partitioning the hot gas channel or the cold gas channel without contacting the emboss, and a filler charging hole for filling the partitioned channel with the filler, 4. The gas supply device according to claim 2, further comprising a through-hole that allows gas to flow in the flow path, and each of the partitioned flow paths is filled with a different filler. Plate reactor. The separator plate separates the hot gas channel and the cold gas channel,
  In the separator plate, the front side protrusions and the back side protrusions are alternately arranged at intervals on the imaginary straight line, and the front side protrusions and the back side arranged on the imaginary straight line. 2. The plate reactor according to claim 1, wherein projections on the front side and projections on the back side are alternately arranged also on each virtual line perpendicular to the virtual line through each projection of .

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