JP3840799B2 - Outboard engine power supply - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a power supply device for an outboard motor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Today, outboard motor engines may employ an electronically controlled fuel injection device (EFI) that injects fuel into the intake passage from the injector in accordance with a control command from the central processing unit in response to requests for exhaust gas and fuel efficiency improvements.
[0003]
Normally, outboard motors of medium size or larger are equipped with a starter motor as standard, and a battery is installed in the ship accordingly. In-battery batteries are used not only for outboard motors but also as power sources for navigation lights, fish finder, and the like.
Here, the battery uses power generation by a coil provided in the flywheel magneto of the outboard motor, and is always charged during the operation of the outboard motor.
In an outboard motor with a system that uses a battery such as EFI, a power supply coil is dedicated to the magneto for self-consuming parts (injector, fuel pump, etc.) assuming that the battery voltage drops. It was equipped.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional outboard motor, by adopting EFI, a dedicated power source is provided in the magnet as described above so that the engine does not stop even if the battery is removed, and is used as a power source for the injector. However, the use of such a dedicated power source has a disadvantage that the configuration of the charging coil in the magnet becomes complicated. In addition, voltage control parts and wiring are required for the power supply, which causes a very high cost due to difficulty in making the coil.
[0005]
In addition, if the power supply of the injector or the like is covered with a magnet as described above, if there is an abnormality in the battery charging system, no abnormality is seen in the engine, so the operation is continued and the battery cannot be charged. Consumed by auxiliaries such as nautical lights, the battery voltage was lowered unknowingly, and restarting could be difficult due to battery exhaustion.
Further, in a battery ignition engine, if contact failure or battery detachment occurs, the engine stops, so control that does not cause such a stop state is necessary. Further, the voltage short-circuit control of the regulator causes noise on the power supply circuit, which may affect the operation of the engine.
[0006]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-37780 has been proposed as a countermeasure when a problem occurs in the battery. However, in this technique, a spare battery and a coil dedicated to the fuel injection system are provided in the magneto, and there remains a problem of an increase in cost. Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-130990 limits the load of the generator to the fuel injection system and the fuel pump when the battery is heavily consumed. However, with this technology, the operation continues even at a low speed, and when the engine stalls, the battery is completely raised, and there is a possibility that restart is impossible.
[0007]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and can maintain a voltage of a certain level or more even when the voltage is lowered by the regulator, and can prevent an engine stall due to battery disconnection. The purpose is to provide.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following configuration.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an outboard motor provided with an electronically controlled fuel injection device, a self-power generating device that generates electric power by being rotated by a crankshaft of the outboard motor engine, and an output voltage of the self-power generating device is a predetermined voltage A regulator that temporarily reduces the supply voltage to the first power supply path at the time described above and then recovers it, a first power supply path that conducts the output voltage of the regulator to the battery, and an electronic control unit from the first power supply path a second power supply path for conducting a voltage to both the and a capacitor for compensating the operation of the electronic control unit upon lowering the voltage of the second power supply path, electrons through the power relay in the second power supply path The power supply voltage is supplied to the control unit, and the capacitor is connected to the primary side of the power relay actuating coil of the second power path, and the power relay is turned on when the voltage of the first power path drops. While the capacity to compensate for dynamic, the power system for an outboard motor engine rotational speed of the outboard motor engine is characterized in that the operating compensation voltage falls below the capacity of the electronic control unit when less than the predetermined rotational speed is there.
The invention according to claim 2 is the outboard motor engine power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined rotational speed is 2000 rpm .
[0009]
According to the present invention, in an outboard motor equipped with an electronically controlled fuel injection device, when the output voltage of the self-power generation device is equal to or higher than a predetermined voltage, the supply voltage to the first power supply path is once reduced and then restored. Since it has a regulator, the voltage drops momentarily by the regulator when the battery is disconnected (instantaneous or long-term), and the power supply relay used in the electronic control unit (Claim 2) is retained. become unable. For this reason, the operation of the electronic control unit is compensated for as a capacity capable of smoothing the output of the self-generator even when the second power supply path causes a voltage drop due to the regulator when the battery is disconnected, for example. The power supply of the unit is secured, and the engine stall does not occur inadvertently due to the battery disconnection.
[0010]
In addition, since the capacitor has a capacity that is lower than the operation compensation voltage of the electronic control unit when the outboard engine is lower than a predetermined number of revolutions, the engine stops at a certain rotation or less when the battery is disconnected. The battery can be prevented from rising due to the load. In addition, this stop can notify the passenger of an abnormality such as battery detachment.
For example, if the capacity of the capacitor is less than 470 (μF), as shown in FIG. 8 , the power relay is not held at a low speed of 2000 (rpm) or less, and the engine is reliably stalled. Absent.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
1 to 2 are explanatory views of an outboard motor 2 equipped with an electronically controlled fuel injection engine (internal combustion engine) 1 according to the embodiment, FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a power supply device of the engine 1, and FIGS. Is an explanatory diagram of each example of the power supply voltage related to the battery connection state, and FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of the relationship between the capacitor capacity of the power supply device and the engine speed.
[0012]
As shown in FIG. 1, the outboard motor 2 is mounted on a transom (stern beam) 4 of the hull 3 via a bracket 5. The outboard motor 2 has a hollow body extending in the vertical direction at the rear part of the bracket 5 and has a spindle-shaped drive shaft housing 6 having a horizontal cross section. An engine holder 7 is formed on the top of the holder 7, and the engine 1 is installed on the holder 7. A gear case 8 is connected to the lower portion of the drive shaft housing 6, and a propeller shaft having a propeller 9 facing horizontally rearward is rotatably supported by the gear case 8.
[0013]
As shown in FIG. 2, the engine 1 is a two-cycle four-cylinder engine having a cylinder head 10, a cylinder block 11 and a crankcase 12 (a four-cycle engine or a number of cylinders other than four cylinders). In this case, the crankshaft 13 is rotatably supported in the clan case 12 along a substantially vertical direction. The outer surface of the engine 1 is covered with an engine cover 14 (see FIG. 1).
[0014]
A power supply device for the engine 1 of the outboard motor 2 will be described.
In the power supply device of the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, each device is disposed in each part of the engine.
The outboard motor 2 is equipped with a self-power generation device (flywheel magneto 15) at one end of the crankshaft 13. That is, a generally bowl-shaped rotor 17 of the flywheel magneto 15 is fastened to the upper end of the crankshaft 14 and rotates in accordance with the rotation of the engine 1. A stator coil 16 of a flywheel magneto 15 is fixed to the crankcase 12 side in the inner space covered with the rotor 17. In accordance with the rotation of the crankshaft 13 of the engine 1, electricity is generated from the stator coil 16 by a magnet 17 a attached to the inner peripheral portion of the rotor 17.
[0015]
Since the flywheel magneto 15 outputs AC power, the flywheel magneto 15 is usually equipped with a separate rectifier 18a to convert the output AC to DC. Moreover, the regulator 18b is also equipped in order to prevent overcharge. In addition to the separate type, the rectifier and the regulator described above include an integrated type, and an outboard motor having a medium size or higher uses an integrated type as a standard. The output of the flywheel magneto 15 is charged to the battery (20) via the battery cable 19 with the charging voltage controlled by the rectifier 18a and the regulator 18b.
[0016]
Normally, in the engine 1 with large rotational fluctuation, the regulator 18b is a short-circuit type, and the output that is not used for charging and consumption is consumed as heat. In the above case, the output waveform of the regulator 18b is short-circuited at the moment when the regulated voltage is reached and is controlled to be charged again.
[0017]
In the engine 1, a plug cap 22 of an ignition plug is connected by a cable from the ignition coil 21 adjacent to the cylinder head cover 10, and the exhaust manifold 23 is closer to the crankcase 12 than the plug cap 22 and parallel to the crankcase. It is arranged. Further, a water return hose 24 is arranged in parallel with the exhaust manifold 23. A fuse 25 and an electrical component holder 26 are disposed behind the flywheel magneto 15, and an electronic control unit (ECU) 27 is disposed below the fuse 25. Each cable carries power and signals through the wire harness 28.
[0018]
The power supply apparatus according to the embodiment can be illustrated by the circuit diagram of FIG. As shown in the circuit of FIG. 3, the power supply, a rectifier 18a for rectifying the output voltage of the flywheel mug Neto (self-powering device) 15 which generates electric power by being driven by the outboard motor engine 1, the output voltage is a predetermined voltage (e.g., 14.5 V) is lowered once the supply voltage to the first power supply path 30 to momentarily short-circuit on the above, then the regulator 18b for returning to perform charging again, regulator 18 b output A first power supply path 30 that conducts voltage to the battery 20, a second power supply path 32 that conducts voltage from the first power supply path 30 to the electronic control unit 27, and electrons when the voltage of the second power supply path 32 drops. And a capacitor 34 for compensating for the operation of the control unit 27 and other loads.
[0019]
In the second power supply path 32, the power supply voltage is supplied to the electronic control unit 27 via the power supply relay 36, and the capacitor 34 is connected to the primary side of the power relay 36 operating coil 36 a in the second power supply path 32. To the capacity of compensating for the ON operation of the power supply relay 36 when the voltage of the first power supply path 30 drops. An ignition switch 35 is interposed on the temporary side of the power relay 36 and downstream of the capacitor 34 to switch the stop operation of the engine 1.
[0020]
In the case of the regulator 18b, the output waveform is short-circuited at the moment when the regulated voltage is reached and is controlled to be charged again. Here, when the battery 20 is disconnected, when the voltage reaches the adjustment voltage, a short circuit of several ms occurs, and the power relay 36 used in the electronic control unit 27 or the like cannot be held, and the system goes down. .
In order to eliminate such a problem of system down, a capacitor 34 is mounted on the power supply circuit. By mounting the capacitor 34, it becomes possible to hold a voltage of a certain level or more even when the regulator 18b is short-circuited, and the power relay 36 can be held. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a sudden stall when the battery 20 is disconnected during engine operation. In addition, by setting the capacitor 34 to an appropriate capacity, the operation of the electronic control unit 27 is performed when the outboard motor engine 1 is lower than a predetermined rotational speed so as to prevent the battery 20 from being lifted by another load when the battery 20 is disconnected. If the capacity is equal to or lower than the compensation voltage, the engine can be stopped and an abnormality can be notified when the engine speed is less than a certain number of revolutions.
[0021]
Further, the capacitor 34 itself can absorb noise (various surge noises) of ignition, injection, and large current control, and also plays a role of protecting engine control. In the state where the battery 20 terminal is about to come off, the ON / OFF (contact, detachment) of the terminal enters the electronic control unit 27 as noise, which can also be reduced by the capacitor 34.
[0022]
The capacitor 34 used for the above purpose is mounted on the harness 28 of the power supply circuit in the embodiment, but may be mounted at any position on the power supply circuit. For example, it may be on the power input board 27a of the electronic control unit 27 of FIG.
As described above, the voltage regulator 18 b used in an outboard motor or the like is normally an SCR (thyristor) type and has a mechanism for short-circuiting the circuit when the generated voltage reaches the regulated voltage. .
[0023]
Further, when the outboard motor 1 is rotating at an extremely low speed, as shown in FIG. 4, the power generation is not sufficient, the voltage does not reach the adjustment voltage, the voltage is not short-circuited, and the power relay 36 is held. However, the rotational speed is not in a practical range such as 300 rpm.
[0024]
When the battery 20 is present, a portion that is higher than the battery 20 voltage is used for charging, and this is also short-circuited after reaching the adjustment voltage. However, as shown in FIG. Don't be.
[0025]
On the other hand, when there is no battery 20, since there is no battery 13.5V, as shown in FIG. 6, the voltage is in the vicinity of 0V, the power relay 36 cannot be held, and engine stall occurs.
[0026]
When the capacitor 34 is added to the above, as shown in FIG. 7, it is possible to smooth the valley of each generated voltage by the discharge of the capacitor by the electric charge stored in the capacitor 34, and to prevent the voltage drop. However, in this system that depends on the generated voltage, a capacitor for reducing the overall level at the time of low rotation is selected in order to prevent the battery 20 from rising. In an example of the outboard motor 2, assuming the relationship between the capacitor capacity and the engine stall speed as shown in FIG. 8, the engine can be stalled at 2000 rpm or less when the capacitor capacity is less than 470 (μF).
[0027]
In the embodiment, even when a short circuit is caused by the regulator 18b, a voltage of a certain level or more can be held.
Further, it is possible to prevent a sudden stall from occurring when the battery 20 is disconnected during operation of the engine 1.
Further, by setting the capacity of the capacitor 34 to an appropriate size, it is possible to notify the abnormality by stopping the engine at a certain rotational speed or less so as to prevent the battery 20 from being lifted by another load when the battery 20 is disconnected.
Further, the capacitor 34 itself can absorb the noise of ignition, injection, and large current control, and can exert the role of protecting the engine 1 control.
[0028]
In the above embodiment, the preferred example of the present invention has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to maintain a voltage of a certain level or more even when the regulator is short-circuited.
Further, it is possible to prevent a sudden stall from occurring when the battery is disconnected during engine operation.
In addition, by setting the capacity of the capacitor to an appropriate size, it is possible to notify the abnormality by stopping the engine at a certain number of revolutions or less so as to prevent the battery from being lifted by another load when the battery is disconnected.
Further, the capacitor itself can absorb the noise of ignition, injection, and large current control, and can play a role of protecting engine control.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an external explanatory view of an outboard motor engine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the engine of the outboard motor.
FIG. 3 is a circuit explanatory diagram of a power supply device.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of an example of a charging voltage waveform at the time of low rotation of the power supply device.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a charging voltage waveform example of the power supply device.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a voltage waveform when a battery is disconnected when there is no capacitor.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a voltage waveform when a battery is disconnected when a capacitor is present.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a relationship example between a capacitor capacity and an engine stall speed.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Engine 2 Outboard motor 15 Self power generator (flywheel magneto)
16 Stator coil 17 Rotor 18a Rectifier 18b Regulator 20 Battery 27 Electronic control unit 30 First power circuit 32 Second power circuit 34 Capacitor 36 Power relay

Claims (2)

In an outboard engine equipped with an electronically controlled fuel injection device,
A self-power generation device that generates electric power by being rotated by the crankshaft of the outboard engine;
A regulator that once reduces the supply voltage to the first power supply path when the output voltage of the self-power generation device is equal to or higher than a predetermined voltage, and then restores the supply voltage;
A first power path that conducts the regulator output voltage to the battery;
A second power path for conducting voltage from the first power path to the electronic control unit;
Both as having a capacitor for compensating the operation of the electronic control unit when a voltage drop of the second power supply path,
In the second power supply path, a power supply voltage is supplied to the electronic control unit via a power supply relay,
The capacitor is connected to the primary side of the power relay actuating coil of the second power path and has a capacity for compensating for the ON operation of the power relay when the voltage of the first power path drops, while the outboard motor speed is A power supply apparatus for an outboard motor engine, wherein the capacity is equal to or less than the operation compensation voltage of the electronic control unit when the rotational speed is lower than a predetermined speed . 2. The outboard motor engine power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined rotational speed is 2000 rpm .

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