JP3837918B2

JP3837918B2 - Hot air heater

Info

Publication number: JP3837918B2
Application number: JP17103498A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 敏今林; 昌宏尾浜
Original assignee: Panasonic Corp; Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Current assignee: Panasonic Corp; Panasonic Holdings Corp
Priority date: 1998-06-18
Filing date: 1998-06-18
Publication date: 2006-10-25
Anticipated expiration: 2018-06-18
Also published as: JP2000002438A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は温風暖房機の定常時の快適性を得る構成に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来のこの種の温風暖房機は図１５に示すものが一般的に知られている。以下、その構成について図１５を参照しながら説明する。図１５に示すように、シスターン１、ボイラ２、ポンプ３から構成された室外機４は、上方に配置した熱交換器５や下方に配置した送風機６から構成された室内機７と、接続配管８で接続されている。また、前記室内機７の上部には吸い込み口９が、下部には吹き出し口１０が設けらている。１１は室温検出手段を示す。
【０００３】
この温風暖房機の動作を説明すると、室外機４のボイラ２が動作してポンプ３によって室内機７に送られてきた温水の温度が所定の温度以上になれば、送風機６が運転を開始し、室内の空気は上部に設けた吸い込み口９から吸い込まれ、熱交換器５で温水と熱交換して加熱されて温風となって下部に設けられた吹き出し口１０から吹き出される。そして、室温検出手段１１が検出した吸い込み温度が設定温度以上になれば送風機６を停止し、設定温度より低くなれば送風機６を再運転することによって室内温度を制御している。さらに、能力制御や低騒音化や気流感の防止のために、室温検出手段１１で検出した吸い込み温度と設定温度との差に応じて、強風、弱風、微風というように、吸い込み温度が設定温度に近づくほど風量を小さくしている。
【０００４】
また、上下吹き出しを切り換えるこの種の温風暖房機としては、特公昭６１−３８７７７号公報に記載されているものがある。この温風暖房機は図１６に示すように、室内機７の前面には吸い込み口９が形成され、さらに前面下部と上部には下吹き出し口１０Ａおよび上吹き出し口１０Ｂがそれぞれ形成されている。そして、前記吸い込み口９に対向する位置に熱交換器５が設けられ、さらに、この熱交換器５に対応して送風機６が設けられている。また、下吹き出し口１０Ａ、上吹き出し口１０Ｂにそれぞれ対応して設けられた下部ダンパ１２Ａ、上部ダンパ１２Ｂは吹き出し口切り換え手段としてのダンパモータ１３で切り換えを行う。
【０００５】
この温風暖房機の動作を説明すると、室内温度が設定温度以下の場合には、ダンパモータ１３が動作して、図１６（ａ）に示すように、下部ダンパ１２Ａは下吹き出し口１０Ａを開き、上部ダンパ１２Ｂでは上吹き出し口１０Ｂを閉じ、下吹き出し口１０Ａから温風を吹き出す。また、室内温度が設定温度以上になり暖房運転中断の場合には、図１５（ｂ）に示すように、ダンパモータ１３が動作して下部ダンパ１２Ａは下吹き出し口１０Ａを閉じ、上部ダンパ１２Ｂはで上吹き出し口１０Ｂを開き、上吹き出し口１０Ｂから風を吹き出す。
【０００６】
上記図１５、図１６に示す従来例の温風暖房機では、室内温度の吸い込み温度が設定温度に近づくほど風量を小さくしていたため、温風はすぐに上昇し、部屋の温度分布が悪いものであった。
【０００７】
また、図１７は室内機７が設置された部屋の空間の斜視図であり、図１８は図１７のＡ面における弱風や微風時の温度分布を示したものである。図１９は図１７のＢ、Ｃ面各面それぞれの、各高さにおいて水平方向の温度の平均を求めて、その分布を示したものである。なお、一点鎖線は部屋全体の平均温度である。
【０００８】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
図１７と図１８からわかるように従来例では弱風や微風のように風量が小さくなると、温風の温度は高くなり、すぐに上昇し、さらに、吸い込み口９が吹き出し口１０よりも上部にあるため上昇した温風は床面付近に戻ることがないため、温風暖房機の付近や天井近
くは温かいがそれ以外の場所の温度が低くなっている。
【０００９】
そのため、快適な居住空間が狭く、部屋全体を有効に使えないという課題を有していた。
【００１０】
この課題を解決するために、仮に風量を大きくする（室温が設定温度に近づくと必要暖房能力が小さくなるので風量を大きくすると温水温度を下げるなどして吹き出し温度を下げなければならない）と、気流感や冷風感があり、また、騒音も大きくなるので、快適性が損なわれるという課題がある。
【００１１】
また、前述したように、室内温度の吸い込み温度が設定温度に近づくほど風量を小さくするように制御しているので、室温の変動に応じて送風機６の回転数が変化し、それに伴って騒音値も変化するため、耳障りで不快であった。
【００１２】
さらに、室内温度の吸い込み温度が設定温度以上になると送風機６を停止するため、天井付近の温度は余り変化しないが、床面温度は比較的速く温度が下がり、すぐに足元が寒くなるという課題がある。
【００１３】
また、上記図１６の従来例の温風暖房機の場合も、基本的には図１５の従来例の温風暖房機の場合と同様、風量が小さいと部屋の温度分布が悪くなり、風量が大きいと騒音や気流感や冷風感があるので、快適性が損なわれるという課題がある。そこで本発明は上記する従来例の課題を解決することを目的とするものである。
【００１４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は上記課題を解決するため、送風機、前記送風機のケーシングおよび前記送風機の上部に備えた熱交換器を有す温風暖房機において、下吹き暖房時に室内空気を吸い込むための下吹き用吸込み口と上吹き暖房時に室内空気を吸い込むために床面近傍に設けた上吹き用吸込み口とを切り換える風回路切り換え手段と、上吹き暖房時に温風を吹き出すための上吹き用吹き出し口と、前記上吹き用吹き出し口に設けた風向変更羽根と、前記下吹き用吸い込み口近傍に位置し、前記風回路切り換え手段によって前記送風機の吹き出し側になる時は閉じ、吸い込み側になる時は開く開閉機構を有する温風暖房機とした。
【００１５】
上記発明によれば、暖房負荷が小さい場合、風回路を上吹出しへ切り換えると下吹き用吸い込み口が自然に閉止して、温側吹き出し口から吹き出された比較的高い温度の温風の吹き出し速度を大きくできるため、より遠くまで温風を循環し、床面近傍に設けた上吹き用吸い込み口から吸い込まれるので、部屋の上下温度差が小さく、気流感もない、快適な居住空間を得ることができる。
【００１６】
また、フイルタへの風の逆流が止められることで、下吹き時にフイルタに付着した埃を飛散させることがない。
【００１７】
また、自然開閉する開閉機構とすることで、開閉機構を駆動するための動力を必要としないので、大幅な省エネルギー効果が得られる。
【００１８】
【発明の実施の形態】
上記課題を解決するため請求項１記載の発明は、送風機、前記送風機のケーシングおよび前記送風機の上部に備えた熱交換器を有す温風暖房機において、下吹き暖房時に室内空気を吸い込むための下吹き用吸込み口と上吹き暖房時に室内空気を吸い込むために床面近傍に設けた上吹き用吸込み口とを切り換える風回路切り換え手段と、上吹き暖房時に温風を吹き出すための上吹き用吹き出し口と、前記上吹き用吹き出し口に設けた風向変更羽根
と、前記下吹き用吸い込み口近傍に位置し、前記風回路切り換え手段によって前記送風機の吹き出し側になる時は閉じ、吸い込み側になる時は開く開閉機構を有する温風暖房機である。
【００１９】
そして、暖房負荷が小さい場合、風回路を上吹出しへ切り換えると下吹き用吸い込み口が自然閉止して、温側吹き出し口から吹き出された比較的高い温度の温風の吹き出し速度を大きくできるため、より遠くまで循環し、床面近傍に設けた上吹き用吸い込み口から吸い込まれるので、部屋の上下温度差が小さく、気流感もない、快適な居住空間を得ることができる。
【００２０】
また、フイルタへの風の逆流が止められることで、下吹き時にフイルタに付着した埃を飛散させることがない。
【００２１】
また、自然開閉する開閉機構とすることで、開閉機構を駆動するための動力を必要としないので、大幅な省エネルギー効果が得られる。
【００２２】
また、請求項２記載の発明は、開閉機構は開く場合も閉じる場合も送風機による風圧によって自然開閉する構成とした請求項１記載の温風暖房機である。
【００２３】
そして、下吹き用吸い込み口の前後の空気の流れにより発生する風圧を利用するので、開閉機構を駆動するための特別な動力を必要としなく、大幅な省エネルギー効果が得られる。
【００２４】
また、請求項３記載の発明は、開閉機構は両端支持軸を有する複数枚のルーバーによって構成された請求項１または請求項２記載の温風暖房機である。
【００２５】
そして、ルーバーを複数枚とすることで一枚のルーバーが小型軽量となり開閉に必要な風圧が少なくてすむために確実な開閉が可能となる。
【００２６】
また、請求項４記載の発明は、開閉機構は逆止機能を有するエアフイルタによって構成された請求項１または請求項２記載の温風暖房機である。
【００２７】
そして、開閉機構とエアフイルタの機能が一体化構成となることで、構造を簡素化できる。
【００２８】
また、請求項５記載の発明は、開閉機構は一辺を固定された複数のリボン状薄膜によって構成された請求項１または請求項２記載の温風暖房機である。
【００２９】
そして、リボン状薄膜を使用することで軽量化となる。
また、請求項６記載の発明は、開閉機構は一端面を束ねて固定された細くて短い糸の束をエアフイルタの片面に植毛して構成された請求項１または請求項２記載の温風暖房機である。
【００３０】
そして、短い糸の束を使用することでエアフイルタを薄型・軽量化できる。
また、請求項７記載の発明は、開閉機構は熱応動によって自然開閉する構成とした請求項１記載の温風暖房機である。
【００３１】
そして、下吹き時室温の風で開となり、上吹き時熱交換器を通過した高温の温風温度で閉となる熱応動にすることで、動力を全く必要としないため、省エネルギーとなる。
【００３２】
また、請求項８記載の発明は、開閉機構は形状記憶合金で形成された複数枚のルーバーによって構成された請求項１または請求項７記載の温風暖房機である。そして、ルーバー自体が形状記憶合金のため、ルーバー駆動に他の機構（バネとか軸受け等）を必要とせず、構造の簡略化が図れる。
【００３３】
また、請求項９記載の発明は、開閉機構は熱膨張体を封入した弾性体チューブを複数本並べて構成された請求項１または請求項７記載の温風暖房機である。
【００３４】
そして、下吹き時室温の風で熱膨張体を封入した弾性体チューブは収縮して下吹き用吸い込み口が開となり、上吹き時熱交換器を通過した高温の温風温度で熱膨張体を封入した弾性体チューブは膨張して下吹き用吸い込み口が閉となることで、動力を全く必要としないため、省エネルギーとなる。
【００３５】
また、請求項１０記載の発明は熱膨張体を封入した弾性体チューブはコの字形状のケース内に一端を固定して構成された請求項９記載の温風暖房機である。
そして、弾性体チューブは確実に固定され動作保証が確保できる。
【００３６】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の実施例について図面を用いて説明する。
【００３７】
（実施例１）
図１は本発明の実施例１の下吹き出し状態の温風暖房機を示す構成図、図２は同上吹き出し状態の温風暖房機を示す構成図、図３は同温風暖房機の開閉機構の斜視図、図４は上吹き出し風量に対する上下温度差を示す同温風暖房機の説明図、図５は熱交換器通過風量に対する熱交換器の暖房能力を示す同温風暖房機の説明図、図６は同温風暖房機の気流説明図、図７は同温風暖房機の垂直温度分布説明図である。
【００３８】
図１、図２、図３において、シスターン１、ボイラ２およびポンプ３を順次連結して構成される室外機４と、熱交換器５、送風機６などから構成される室内機７とは接続配管８で接続されている。前記室内機７の背面の上側には下吹き用吸い込み口９Ａが、下部には上吹き用吸い込み口９Ｂが設けられている。さらに、前記室内機７の前面の下側には下吹き出し口１０が設けられている。また、１４はステッピングモーター、歯車の組合せ等（図示せず）で構成された風回路切り換え手段であり、この風回路切り換え手段１４は前記送風機６のケーシング１５を歯車等（図示せず）の動力伝達により前記送風機６の回転軸１６と略同一中心で回転させ、上吹き出しと下吹き出しの送風回路を切り換えるものである。さらに、前記送風機６の上部に設けられたバイパス風回路１７は上吹き出し時に前記熱交換器５を通過しない送風路である。また、前記室内機７の上部には前記熱交換器５を通過した空気を吹き出す温側吹き出し口１８と前記熱交換器５を通過しない空気を吹き出す冷側吹き出し口１９との上吹き用吹き出し口が設けられている。また、風向変更手段２０は前記温側吹き出し口１８と冷側吹き出し口１９とにそれぞれ設けられた温側風向変更羽根２１と冷側風向変更羽根２２との風向変更羽根の駆動を行うものである。
【００３９】
２３は下吹き用吸い込み口９Ａを開閉する開閉機構であり、図３に示すように支持軸受け２４に支持される支持軸２５を両端に有する複数枚のルーバー２６で構成される。２７は下吹き用吸い込み口９Ａに設けられたエアフイルタ、２８は風回路切り換え制御手段である。
【００４０】
次に動作、作用について説明する。
【００４１】
室内の温度が低く、暖房負荷が大きいときには下吹き出し状態で暖房を行う。
【００４２】
すなわち、風回路切り換え制御手段２８の制御信号により風回路切り換え手段１４はケーシング１５を送風機６の回転軸１６を中心に下向きに回転させ、さらに、風向変更手段２０は温側風向変更羽根２１で温側吹き出し口１８を閉じ、冷側風向変更羽根２２で冷側吹き出し口１９を閉じることによって下吹き出し状態を設定する。この時、開閉機構２３は送風機６の吸い込み側に位置する。そして、送風機６を駆動すると開閉機構２３の熱交換器５側が負圧となりルーバー２６が開き、下吹き用吸い込み口９Ａから空気吸い込まれ、風が流れる。即ち複数枚のルーバー２６で構成された開閉機構２３は風圧によって開く。そして、室外機４のボイラ２が動作してポンプ３によって室内機７に送られてきた温水と、送風機６によって下吹き用吸い込み口９Ａから吸い込まれた空気とが、熱交換器５で熱交換して、吸い込まれた空気は加熱されて温風となって下吹き出し口１０から吹き出される。
【００４３】
次に、室内の温度が上昇し、暖房負荷が小さいときには上吹き出し状態で暖房を行う。すなわち、風回路切り換え制御手段２８の制御信号により風回路切り換え手段１４はケーシング１５を送風機６の回転軸１６を中心に上向きに回転させ、さらに、風向変更手段２０は温側風向変更羽根２１と冷側風向変更羽根２２とを動作させ、それぞれ温側吹き出し口１８と冷側吹き出し口１９との上吹き用吹き出し口を開口することによって上吹き出し状態を設定する。この時、開閉機構２３は送風機６の吹き出し側に位置する。そして、送風機６を駆動すると開閉機構２３の熱交換器５側が高圧となりルーバー２６が閉じる。即ち複数枚のルーバー２６で構成された開閉機構２３は風圧によって閉じる。そして、送風機６によって上吹き用吸い込み口９Ｂから吸い込まれた空気の一部は、下吹き出し状態の場合と同様、熱交換器５で加熱され、温側吹き出し口１８から吹き出される。このとき下吹き用吸い込み口９Ａは開閉機構２３で閉じられているため、熱交換器５を通過した温風はすべて温側吹き出し口１８から吹き出され、フイルタ２７への風の逆流が止められることで、下吹き時にフイルタ２７に付着した埃を飛散させることがない。また、送風機６によって上吹き用吸い込み口９Ｂから吸い込まれた上記以外の空気は、熱交換器５を通過ぜずに、バイパス風回路１７を通って、冷側吹き出し口１９から吹き出される。
【００４４】
図４は、横軸に上吹き状態で吹き出される空気の風量をとり、縦軸に部屋の上下の温度差（例えば、床上１８００mmでの水平面の平均温度と床上５０mmでの水平面の平均温度との差）をとって、暖房負荷Ｑに見合う暖房能力Ｑで部屋を暖房した場合の風量と部屋の上下の温度差の関係を示したものである。また、図５は、横軸に熱交換器５を通過する風量をとり、縦軸に熱交換器５の暖房能力をとって、熱交換器５の通過風量と暖房能力の関係を示したものである。今、図４において、部屋の上下温度差をＴにするためには風量Ｖが必要である。仮に、この風量Ｖをすへて熱交換器５に通せば、その時の暖房能力は、図５からわかるように、Ｑａとなる。しかし、この暖房能力Ｑａは、室内の温度が上昇し暖房負荷が小さいときには、暖房負荷に見合った暖房能力Ｑよりもかなり大きくなり、部屋の温度が希望する温度よりも高くなってしまう。そこで、送風機６によって上吹き用吸い込み口９Ｂから吸い込まれた風量Ｖのうちで暖房能力Ｑに必要な風量Ｖｅｘは、熱交換器５を通過し温側吹き出し口１８から吹き出す。また、送風機６によって上吹き用吸い込み口９Ｂから吸い込まれた残りの風量（Ｖ−Ｖｅｘ）は、熱交換器５を通過ぜずに、バイパス風回路１７を通って冷側吹き出し口１９から吹き出される。
【００４５】
図６は図１７のＡ面における下吹き出し状態と上吹き出し状態での温風の循環経路を示したものであり、図６において、実線矢印は上吹き出し状態、点線矢印は下吹き出し状態の循環経路である。図６からわかるように、上吹き出し状態では、上に吹き出した空気の多くが天井面や壁面に沿って流れ、最終的に、床面近傍に設けた上吹き用吸い込み口９Ｂより吸い込まれるので、温風は部屋全体に広がることがわかる。
【００４６】
図７は図１７のＢ、Ｃ面各面それぞれにおいて、各高さにおける水平方向の温度の平均を求めて、その分布を示したものである。なお、一点鎖線は部屋全体の平均温度であり、細い実線は図１８で示す従来例の場合であり、太い実線は本発明の場合である。図７からわかるように従来例と比較して、上下の温度差が少なく、また、部屋全体も均一である。特に、室内機７と対向する壁付近の床温度は従来例と比べて高くなっていることがわかる。
【００４７】
また、風回路を上吹出しへ切り換えると開閉機構２３は風圧によって自然閉止して下吹き用吸込み口９Ａを閉とすることにより、熱交換器５を通った温風は温側吹き出し口１８から吹き出されることで、比較的高い温度の温風の吹き出し速度を大きくできるため、天井面に達して全体に広がり、より遠くまで循環し、さらに、壁面に沿って降下し床面に達した後、床面に沿って流れ、床面近傍に設けた上吹き用吸い込み口から吸い込まれるので、部屋の上下温度差が小さく、気流が部屋全体に広がるので気流感、冷風感もなく、快適な居住空間を得ることができる。
また、自然開閉する開閉機構２３とすることで、開閉機構２３を駆動するための動力を必要としないので、大幅な省エネルギー効果が得られる。
【００４８】
また、下吹き用吸い込み口９Ａを開閉する開閉機構２３を下吹き用吸い込み口９Ａの前後の空気の流れにより発生する風圧を利用することで、開閉機構２３を駆動するための特別な動力を必要としないので、大幅な省エネルギー効果が得られる。また、ルーバー２６を複数枚とすることで一枚のルーバーが小型軽量となり開閉に必要な風圧が少なくてすむために確実な開閉が可能となる。
【００４９】
（実施例２）
図８は本発明の実施例２の開閉機構の斜視図である。
【００５０】
本実施例２において、実施例１と異なる点は、エアフイルタ２７に複数のリボン状薄膜２９の一辺を固定した構成とした点である。
【００５１】
（実施例３）
図９は本発明の実施例３の開閉機構の斜視図、図１０（ａ）は同開閉機構の開時を示す部分構成図、図１０（ｂ）は同開閉機構の閉時を示す部分構成図である。
【００５２】
図９において、一端面を束ねて固定された細くて短い糸の束２９をエアフイルタ２７の片面に植毛して構成されている。図１０（ａ）の矢印に示す風の流れの場合は束ねた糸が流れによってまとまり、各糸の束２９の間に隙間ができて風を通過させる、一方、図１０（ｂ）の矢印に示す風の流れの場合は束ねた糸が流れによって広がり、各糸の束２９の間に隙間がなくなり風の通過を遮断する。
【００５３】
このように、開閉機構２３を逆止機能を有するエアフイルタとして構成することで、開閉機構２３とエアフイルタ２７の機能が一体化構成となり、構造を簡素化できる。
【００５４】
（実施例４）
図１１（ａ）は本発明の実施例４の下吹き出し状態の温風暖房機を示す構成図、図１１（ｂ）は同上吹き出し状態の温風暖房機を示す構成図である。
【００５５】
図１１（ａ）、図１１（ｂ）において、開閉機構２３のルーバー３１自体を形状記憶合金で形成し、例えば３５℃以下では図１１（ａ）に示すように開く状態に、４０℃以上では図１１（ｂ）ように閉じる状態に設定する。
【００５６】
次に動作、作用について説明する。
【００５７】
室内の温度が低く、暖房負荷が大きいときには下吹き出し状態で暖房を行う。
【００５８】
この時開閉機構２３のルーバー３１は通常３０℃以下の低い室温にさらされるため、図１１（ａ）のように開く。一方、室内の温度が上昇し、暖房負荷が小さいときには上吹き出し状態で暖房を行う、この時は、ルーバー３１は熱交換器５で加熱された通常４０℃以上の温風にさらされるため、図１１（ｂ）のように閉じる。
【００５９】
このように、開閉機構は熱応動によって自然開閉する構成としたことで、動力を全く必要としないため、省エネルギーとなる。
【００６０】
また、ルーバー自体が形状記憶合金であるため、ルーバー駆動に他の機構（バネとか軸受け等）を必要とせず、構造の簡略化が図れる。
【００６１】
（実施例５）
図１２（ａ）は本発明の実施例５の下吹き出し状態の温風暖房機を示す構成図、図１２（ｂ）は同上吹き出し状態の温風暖房機を示す構成図、図１３（ａ）は下吹き出し状態の開閉機構の断面図、図１３（ｂ）は上吹き出し状態の開閉機構の断面図、図１４は同開閉機構の一素子の斜視図である。
【００６２】
図１２（ａ）、図１２（ｂ）、図１３（ａ）、図１３（ｂ）、図１４において、開閉機構２３は熱膨張体３２を封入した弾性体チューブ３３をコの字形状のケース３３内に一端を固定して複数本並べて構成される。熱膨張体３２は、例えば３５℃以下で凝縮液化し、４０℃以上で蒸発気化する特性を有する物質である。そして、図１３（ａ）に示すように弾性体チューブ３３が収縮開く状態に、４０℃以上では図１１（ｂ）ように閉じる状態に設定する。
【００６３】
次に動作、作用について説明する。
【００６４】
室内の温度が低く、暖房負荷が大きいときには下吹き出し状態で暖房を行う。
【００６５】
この時、開閉機構２３の熱膨張体３２は通常３０℃以下の低い室温にさらされるため、凝縮液化し、体積収縮するので、図１３（ａ）に示すように弾性体チューブ３３が収縮して、通路３４が開く状態になる。一方、室内の温度が上昇し、暖房負荷が小さいときには上吹き出し状態で暖房を行う、この時は、熱膨張体３２は熱交換器５で加熱された通常４０℃以上の温風にさらされるため、蒸発気化し、体積膨張するので、図１３（ｂ）のように弾性体チューブ３３が膨張して、通路３４が閉じる状態となる。
【００６６】
このように、熱膨張体３２を封入した弾性体チューブ３３をコの字形状のケース３５内に一端を固定して構成することで、弾性体チューブは確実に固定され動作保証が確保できる。
【００６７】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明によれば、送風機、前記送風機のケーシングおよび前記送風機の上部に備えた熱交換器を有する温風暖房機において、下吹き暖房時に室内空気を吸い込むための下吹き用吸込み口と上吹き暖房時に室内空気を吸い込むために床面近傍に設けた上吹き用吸込み口とを切り換える風回路切り換え手段と、上吹き暖房時に温風を吹き出すための上吹き用吹き出し口と、前記上吹き用吹き出し口に設けた風向変更
羽根と、前記下吹き用吸い込み口近傍に位置し、前記風回路切り換え手段によって前記送風機の吹き出し側になる時は閉じ、吸い込み側になる時は開く開閉機構とを有する温風暖房機であり、暖房負荷が小さい場合、風回路を上吹出しへ切り換えると下吹き用吸い込み口が自然閉止して、温側吹き出し口から吹き出された比較的高い温度の温風の吹き出し速度を大きくできるため、より遠くまで循環し、床面近傍に設けた上吹き用吸い込み口から吸い込まれるので、部屋の上下温度差が小さく、気流感もない、快適な居住空間を得ることができる。
【００６８】
また、フイルタへの風の逆流が止められることで、下吹き時にフイルタに付着した埃を飛散させることがない。
【００６９】
また、自然開閉する開閉機構とすることで、開閉機構を駆動するための動力を必要としないので、大幅な省エネルギー効果が得られる。
【００７０】
また、請求項２記載の発明によれば、開閉機構は開く場合も閉じる場合も送風機による風圧によって自然開閉する構成とした請求項１記載の温風暖房機であり、下吹き用吸い込み口の前後の空気流れにより発生する風圧を利用することで、開閉機構を駆動するための特別な動力を必要としないので、大幅な省エネルギー効果が得られる。
【００７１】
また、開閉機構は両端に支持軸を有する複数枚のルーバーによって構成された温風暖房機であり、ルーバーを複数枚とすることで一枚のルーバーが小型軽量となり開閉に必要な風圧が少なくてすむために確実な開閉が可能となる。
【００７２】
また、開閉機構は逆止機能を有するエアフイルタによって構成された温風暖房機であり、開閉機構とエアフイルタの機能を一体化構成となることで、構造を簡素化できる。
【００７３】
また、開閉機構は一辺を固定された複数のリボン状薄膜によって構成された温風暖房機であり、リボン状薄膜を使用することで軽量化となる。
【００７４】
また、開閉機構は一端面を束ねて固定された細くて短い糸の束をエアフイルタの片面に植毛して構成された温風暖房機であり、短い糸の束を使用することでエアフイルタを薄型・軽量化できる。
【００７５】
また、開閉機構は熱応動によって自然開閉する構成とした温風暖房機であり、下吹き時室温の風で開となり、上吹き時熱交換器を通過した高温の温風温度で閉となる熱応動とすることで、動力を全く必要としないため、省エネルギーとなる。
【００７６】
また、開閉機構は形状記憶合金で形成された複数枚のルーバーによって構成された温風暖房機であり、ルーバー自体が形状記憶合金のため、ルーバー駆動に他の機構（バネとか軸受け等）を必要とせず、構造の簡略化が図れる。
【００７７】
また、開閉機構は熱膨張体を封入した弾性体チューブを複数本並べて構成された温風暖房機であり、下吹き時室温の風で熱膨張体を封入した弾性体チューブは収縮して下吹き用吸い込み口が開となり、上吹き時熱交換器を通過した高温の温風温度で熱膨張体を封入した弾性体チューブは膨張して下吹き用吸い込み口が閉となることで、動力を全く必要としないため、省エネルギーとなる。
【００７８】
また、熱膨張体を封入した弾性体チューブはコの字形状のケース内に一端を固定して構成された温風暖房機であり、弾性体チューブは確実に固定され動作保証が確保できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施例１における温風暖房機の下吹き出し状態を示す構成図
【図２】同温風暖房機の上吹き出し状態を示す構成図
【図３】同温風暖房機の開閉機構の斜視図
【図４】同温風暖房機の上吹き風量に対する上下温度差を示す説明図
【図５】同温風暖房機の風量に対する熱交換器能力を示す説明図
【図６】同温風暖房機の気流説明図
【図７】同温風暖房機の垂直温度分布説明図
【図８】同温風暖房機の実施例２の開閉機構の斜視図
【図９】同温風暖房機の実施例３の開閉機構の斜視図
【図１０】（ａ）は同開閉機構の開時を示す部分構成図
（ｂ）は同開閉機構の閉時を示す部分構成図
【図１１】（ａ）は同温風暖房機の実施例４の下吹き出し状態を示す構成図
（ｂ）は同温風暖房機の実施例４の上吹き出し状態を示す構成図
【図１２】（ａ）は同温風暖房機の実施例５の下吹き出し状態を示す構成図
（ｂ）は同温風暖房機の実施例５の上吹き出し状態を示す構成図
【図１３】（ａ）は同温風暖房機の実施例５の下吹き出し状態の開閉機構の断面図
（ｂ）は同温風暖房機の実施例５の上吹き出し状態の開閉機構の断面図
【図１４】同温風暖房機の実施例５の開閉機構の一素子の斜視図
【図１５】第一の従来例における温風暖房機の構成図
【図１６】第二の従来例における温風暖房機の構成図
【図１７】第一の従来例における温風暖房機の温度分布説明用の部屋の斜視図
【図１８】同温風暖房機の吹き出し温度の分布説明図
【図１９】同温風暖房機の垂直温度分布説明図
【符号の説明】
５熱交換機
６送風機
９Ａ下吹き用吸い込み口
９Ｂ上吹き用吸い込み口
１４風回路切り換え手段
１５ケーシング
１８温側吹き出し口（上吹き用吹き出し口）
１９冷側吹き出し口（上吹き用吹き出し口）
２０風向変更手段
２１温側風向変更羽根（風向変更羽根）
２２冷側風向変更羽根（風向変更羽根）
２３開閉機構
２５支持軸
２６ルーバー
２７エアフイルタ
２８風回路切り換え制御手段
２９リボン状薄膜
３０糸の束
３１形状記憶合金で形成したルーバー
３２熱膨張体
３３弾性体チューブ
３５コの字形状のケース[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a configuration for obtaining comfort during normal operation of a hot air heater.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A conventional warm air heater of this type is generally shown in FIG. The configuration will be described below with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 15, the outdoor unit 4 composed of a cistern 1, a boiler 2, and a pump 3 is connected to an indoor unit 7 composed of a heat exchanger 5 disposed above and a blower 6 disposed below, and a connecting pipe. 8 is connected. A suction port 9 is provided at the upper part of the indoor unit 7, and a blower outlet 10 is provided at the lower part. Reference numeral 11 denotes a room temperature detecting means.
[0003]
Explaining the operation of this hot air heater, when the boiler 2 of the outdoor unit 4 operates and the temperature of the hot water sent to the indoor unit 7 by the pump 3 exceeds a predetermined temperature, the blower 6 starts operation. The indoor air is sucked from the suction port 9 provided in the upper part, heated by heat exchange with the hot water in the heat exchanger 5 and blown out from the blower outlet 10 provided in the lower part as warm air. Then, when the suction temperature detected by the room temperature detecting means 11 becomes equal to or higher than the set temperature, the blower 6 is stopped, and when it is lower than the set temperature, the room temperature is controlled by re-operating the blower 6. Furthermore, in order to control capacity, reduce noise, and prevent airflow, the suction temperature is set such as strong wind, weak wind, and breeze according to the difference between the suction temperature detected by the room temperature detection means 11 and the set temperature. The air volume is reduced as the temperature approaches.
[0004]
Moreover, as this kind of warm air heater which switches an up-and-down blowing, there exists what is described in Japanese Patent Publication No.61-38777. As shown in FIG. 16, this warm air heater has a suction port 9 formed in the front surface of the indoor unit 7, and a lower air outlet 10 A and an upper air outlet 10 B formed in the lower part and upper part of the front surface, respectively. And the heat exchanger 5 is provided in the position facing the said suction inlet 9, Furthermore, the air blower 6 is provided corresponding to this heat exchanger 5. FIG. The lower damper 12A and the upper damper 12B provided corresponding to the lower outlet 10A and the upper outlet 10B are switched by a damper motor 13 serving as outlet switching means.
[0005]
Describing the operation of this hot air heater, when the room temperature is equal to or lower than the set temperature, the damper motor 13 operates and the lower damper 12A opens the lower outlet 10A as shown in FIG. The upper damper 12B closes the upper outlet 10B and blows warm air from the lower outlet 10A. In addition, when the room temperature exceeds the set temperature and the heating operation is interrupted, as shown in FIG. 15B, the damper motor 13 operates, the lower damper 12A closes the lower outlet 10A, and the upper damper 12B The upper air outlet 10B is opened, and the wind is blown out from the upper air outlet 10B.
[0006]
In the conventional hot air heater shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, since the air volume is reduced as the intake temperature of the room temperature approaches the set temperature, the hot air rises quickly and the temperature distribution in the room is poor. Met.
[0007]
FIG. 17 is a perspective view of the space of the room in which the indoor unit 7 is installed, and FIG. 18 shows the temperature distribution when the wind is weak or light in the A plane of FIG. FIG. 19 shows the distribution of the average of the temperature in the horizontal direction at each height on each of the surfaces B and C in FIG. In addition, a dashed-dotted line is the average temperature of the whole room.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As can be seen from FIG. 17 and FIG. 18, in the conventional example, when the air volume is reduced, such as a weak wind or a breeze, the temperature of the hot air rises and rises immediately, and the suction port 9 is located above the blowout port 10. Therefore, the warm air that has risen will not return to the vicinity of the floor surface.
It is warm, but the temperature in other places is low.
[0009]
Therefore, there is a problem that the comfortable living space is narrow and the entire room cannot be used effectively.
[0010]
In order to solve this problem, if the air volume is increased (the required heating capacity decreases as the room temperature approaches the set temperature, the blowing temperature must be decreased by decreasing the hot water temperature if the air volume is increased). There is a sensation of flow and cold wind, and noise is increased, so that there is a problem that comfort is impaired.
[0011]
Further, as described above, since the air volume is controlled to decrease as the suction temperature of the room temperature approaches the set temperature, the rotational speed of the blower 6 changes according to the change in the room temperature, and accordingly the noise value Also changed, so it was annoying and uncomfortable.
[0012]
Further, since the blower 6 is stopped when the intake temperature of the room temperature becomes equal to or higher than the set temperature, the temperature in the vicinity of the ceiling does not change so much, but the floor surface temperature decreases relatively quickly and the feet become cold immediately. is there.
[0013]
In the case of the conventional hot air heater shown in FIG. 16 as well, basically, as in the case of the conventional hot air heater shown in FIG. When it is large, there is a problem that comfort is impaired because there is a noise, a feeling of airflow, and a feeling of cold air. Therefore, the present invention aims to solve the problems of the conventional example described above.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention solves the above problems. , In a hot air heater having a blower, a casing of the blower, and a heat exchanger provided at the top of the blower, a lower blow inlet for sucking room air during lower blow heating and sucking room air during upper blow heating Air circuit switching means for switching between the upper blowing inlet provided near the floor surface, an upper blowing outlet for blowing warm air during upper blowing heating, and a wind direction change provided in the upper blowing outlet Feather and suction port for lower blowing Neighborhood In Position to, Wind circuit switching means By It closes when it becomes the blowout side of the blower, and opens when it becomes the suction side A warm air heater having an opening / closing mechanism was used.
[0015]
According to the above invention, when the heating load is small, when the wind circuit is switched to the upper blowing, the lower blowing inlet naturally closes and the blowing speed of the relatively high temperature hot air blown out from the warm blowing outlet Since the warm air is circulated to a greater distance and is sucked in through the upper blowing inlet provided near the floor surface, a comfortable living space with a small difference in temperature between the top and bottom of the room and no airflow feeling can be obtained. Can do.
[0016]
In addition, since the reverse flow of the wind to the filter is stopped, dust attached to the filter is not scattered at the time of lower blowing.
[0017]
Moreover, since the opening / closing mechanism that opens and closes naturally does not require power for driving the opening / closing mechanism, a significant energy saving effect can be obtained.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 is a hot air heater having a blower, a casing of the blower, and a heat exchanger provided at an upper portion of the blower, for sucking indoor air during lower blowing heating. Wind circuit switching means for switching between the lower blowing inlet and the upper blowing inlet provided in the vicinity of the floor in order to suck room air during upper blowing heating, and the upper blowing blowing for blowing warm air during upper blowing heating Wind direction change blades provided at the mouth and the blowing outlet
And the lower blowing inlet Neighborhood In Position to, Wind circuit switching means By It closes when it becomes the blowout side of the blower, and opens when it becomes the suction side A warm air heater having an opening and closing mechanism.
[0019]
And when the heating load is small, when the wind circuit is switched to the upper blowing, the lower blowing inlet naturally closes, and the blowing speed of the relatively high temperature hot air blown out from the warm blowing outlet can be increased. Since it circulates farther and is sucked from the upper blowing inlet provided in the vicinity of the floor surface, a comfortable living space can be obtained in which the temperature difference between the upper and lower rooms is small and there is no airflow.
[0020]
In addition, since the reverse flow of the wind to the filter is stopped, dust attached to the filter is not scattered at the time of lower blowing.
[0021]
Moreover, since the opening / closing mechanism that opens and closes naturally does not require power for driving the opening / closing mechanism, a significant energy saving effect can be obtained.
[0022]
In the invention according to claim 2, the opening / closing mechanism is Depending on the blower when opening and closing The warm air heater according to claim 1, wherein the hot air heater is configured to be naturally opened and closed by wind pressure.
[0023]
And since the wind pressure which generate | occur | produces by the air flow before and behind the suction port for lower blowing is utilized, the special motive power for driving an opening-closing mechanism is not required, and a big energy-saving effect is acquired.
[0024]
The invention according to claim 3 is the hot air heater according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the opening / closing mechanism is constituted by a plurality of louvers having both end support shafts.
[0025]
In addition, by using a plurality of louvers, one louver is small and light, and the wind pressure required for opening and closing is reduced, so that reliable opening and closing is possible.
[0026]
The invention according to claim 4 is the hot air heater according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the opening / closing mechanism is constituted by an air filter having a check function.
[0027]
And since the functions of the opening / closing mechanism and the air filter are integrated, the structure can be simplified.
[0028]
The invention according to claim 5 is the hot air heater according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the opening / closing mechanism is constituted by a plurality of ribbon-like thin films whose one side is fixed.
[0029]
And it becomes light weight by using a ribbon-shaped thin film.
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the warm air heating according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, the open / close mechanism is constructed by flocking a bundle of thin and short yarns, one end of which is bundled and fixed on one side of the air filter. Machine.
[0030]
And the air filter can be made thin and light by using a bundle of short yarns.
The invention according to claim 7 is the hot air heater according to claim 1, wherein the opening / closing mechanism is naturally opened and closed by thermal reaction.
[0031]
And by making it the thermal response which becomes open with the hot air temperature of the high temperature which passed through the heat exchanger at the time of an upper blowing at the time of a lower blowing, it does not need motive power at all, Therefore It becomes energy saving.
[0032]
The invention according to claim 8 is the hot air heater according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the opening / closing mechanism is constituted by a plurality of louvers formed of a shape memory alloy. Since the louver itself is a shape memory alloy, no other mechanism (spring or bearing or the like) is required for driving the louver, and the structure can be simplified.
[0033]
The invention according to claim 9 is the hot air heater according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the open / close mechanism is configured by arranging a plurality of elastic body tubes in which a thermal expansion body is enclosed.
[0034]
The elastic tube in which the thermal expansion body is sealed with the wind at the room temperature when blown down is shrunk to open the suction port for the lower blow, and the heat expansion body is moved at the high temperature of the hot air that has passed through the heat exchanger when blown up. The encapsulated elastic tube expands and the suction port for lower blowing is closed, so that no power is required and energy is saved.
[0035]
The invention according to claim 10 is the hot air heater according to claim 9, wherein the elastic tube enclosing the thermal expansion body is configured by fixing one end in a U-shaped case.
The elastic tube is securely fixed, and operation guarantee can be ensured.
[0036]
【Example】
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0037]
Example 1
1 is a block diagram showing a hot air heater in a lower blowing state according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a hot air heater in a blowing state, and FIG. 3 is an opening / closing mechanism of the hot air heater. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the same temperature air heater showing the difference in the upper and lower temperature with respect to the upper blown air volume, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the same air heater showing the heating capacity of the heat exchanger with respect to the air flow passing through the heat exchanger. FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of airflow of the hot air heater, and FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of vertical temperature distribution of the hot air heater.
[0038]
1, 2, and 3, the outdoor unit 4 configured by sequentially connecting the cistern 1, the boiler 2, and the pump 3, and the indoor unit 7 configured by the heat exchanger 5, the blower 6, and the like are connected piping. 8 is connected. A lower blowing inlet 9 A is provided on the upper rear side of the indoor unit 7, and an upper blowing inlet 9 B is provided on the lower part. Further, a lower outlet 10 is provided below the front surface of the indoor unit 7. Reference numeral 14 denotes wind circuit switching means composed of a stepping motor, a combination of gears and the like (not shown). The wind circuit switching means 14 moves the casing 15 of the blower 6 to the power of the gears and the like (not shown). The transmission is rotated about the same center as the rotating shaft 16 of the blower 6, and the blower circuit for the upper blowout and the lower blowout is switched. Furthermore, the bypass air circuit 17 provided in the upper part of the said air blower 6 is a ventilation path which does not pass through the said heat exchanger 5 at the time of upper blowing. Also, an upper blowing outlet is provided at the top of the indoor unit 7 with a warm side outlet 18 that blows out air that has passed through the heat exchanger 5 and a cold side outlet 19 that blows out air that does not pass through the heat exchanger 5. Is provided. The wind direction changing means 20 drives the wind direction changing blades of the warm side air direction changing blades 21 and the cold side air direction changing blades 22 provided at the warm side air outlet 18 and the cold side air outlet 19, respectively. .
[0039]
Reference numeral 23 denotes an opening / closing mechanism that opens and closes the lower blowing inlet 9A, and includes a plurality of louvers 26 having support shafts 25 supported at both ends as shown in FIG. 27 is an air filter provided in the lower blowing inlet 9A, and 28 is a wind circuit switching control means.
[0040]
Next, the operation and action will be described.
[0041]
When the room temperature is low and the heating load is large, heating is performed in a downward blowing state.
[0042]
That is, the wind circuit switching means 14 rotates the casing 15 downward about the rotating shaft 16 of the blower 6 by the control signal of the wind circuit switching control means 28, and the wind direction changing means 20 is heated by the warm side wind direction changing blade 21. The lower blowout state is set by closing the side blowout port 18 and closing the cold side blowout port 19 with the cold side wind direction changing blade 22. To do. At this time, the opening / closing mechanism 23 is located on the suction side of the blower 6. And When the blower 6 is driven, the heat exchanger 5 side of the opening / closing mechanism 23 becomes negative pressure, the louver 26 is opened, air is sucked from the lower blowing inlet 9A, and wind flows. That is, the opening / closing mechanism 23 composed of a plurality of louvers 26 is opened by the wind pressure. Then, the boiler 2 of the outdoor unit 4 operates and the hot water sent to the indoor unit 7 by the pump 3 and the air sucked from the lower blowing inlet 9A by the blower 6 exchange heat in the heat exchanger 5. The sucked air is heated and warm air is blown out from the lower outlet 10.
[0043]
Next, when the temperature in the room rises and the heating load is small, heating is performed in an upward blowing state. That is, the wind circuit switching means 14 rotates the casing 15 upward about the rotating shaft 16 of the blower 6 by the control signal of the wind circuit switching control means 28, and the wind direction changing means 20 is connected to the warm side wind direction changing blades 21 and the cooling air. The upper air blowing state is set by operating the side air direction changing blade 22 and opening the upper air outlet 18 and the cold air outlet 19 respectively. To do. At this time, the opening / closing mechanism 23 is located on the blowing side of the blower 6. And When the blower 6 is driven, the heat exchanger 5 side of the opening / closing mechanism 23 becomes high pressure and the louver 26 is closed. That is, the opening / closing mechanism 23 constituted by a plurality of louvers 26 is closed by the wind pressure. A part of the air sucked from the upper blowing inlet 9 B by the blower 6 is heated by the heat exchanger 5 and blown out from the warm-side outlet 18 as in the case of the lower blowing state. At this time, since the lower blowing inlet 9A is closed by the opening / closing mechanism 23, all the warm air that has passed through the heat exchanger 5 is blown out from the warm-side outlet 18, and the reverse flow of the wind to the filter 27 is stopped. Thus, dust attached to the filter 27 is not scattered during the downward blowing. Air other than the above sucked from the upper blowing inlet 9 B by the blower 6 passes through the bypass air circuit 17 and is blown out from the cold side outlet 19 without passing through the heat exchanger 5.
[0044]
In FIG. 4, the horizontal axis represents the amount of air blown up and the vertical axis represents the temperature difference between the upper and lower sides of the room (for example, the average temperature of the horizontal plane at 1800 mm above the floor and the average temperature of the horizontal plane at 50 mm above the floor) The difference between the air volume when the room is heated with the heating capacity Q commensurate with the heating load Q and the temperature difference between the upper and lower sides of the room is shown. FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the amount of air passing through the heat exchanger 5 and the heating capacity by taking the air volume passing through the heat exchanger 5 on the horizontal axis and the heating capacity of the heat exchanger 5 on the vertical axis. It is. Now, in FIG. 4, the air volume V is required to set the room temperature difference to T. If the air volume V is passed through the heat exchanger 5, the heating capacity at that time becomes Qa as can be seen from FIG. However, when the room temperature rises and the heating load is small, the heating capacity Qa becomes considerably larger than the heating capacity Q corresponding to the heating load, and the room temperature becomes higher than the desired temperature. Therefore, the air volume Vex required for the heating capacity Q out of the air volume V sucked from the upper blowing inlet 9B by the blower 6 passes through the heat exchanger 5 and blows out from the warm side outlet 18. The remaining air volume (V-Vex) sucked from the upper blowing inlet 9B by the blower 6 is blown out from the cold outlet 19 through the bypass air circuit 17 without passing through the heat exchanger 5. The
[0045]
FIG. 6 shows the circulation path of the hot air in the lower blowing state and the upper blowing state in the A plane of FIG. 17. In FIG. 6, the solid line arrow indicates the upper blowing state, and the dotted arrow indicates the circulation path in the lower blowing state. It is. As can be seen from FIG. 6, in the upper blowing state, most of the air blown upward flows along the ceiling surface and the wall surface, and is finally sucked from the upper blowing inlet 9 B provided near the floor surface. It can be seen that the warm air spreads throughout the room.
[0046]
FIG. 7 shows the distribution of the average of the temperature in the horizontal direction at each height on each of the surfaces B and C in FIG. The alternate long and short dash line is the average temperature of the entire room, the thin solid line is the case of the conventional example shown in FIG. 18, and the thick solid line is the case of the present invention. As can be seen from FIG. 7, the temperature difference between the upper and lower sides is small compared to the conventional example, and the entire room is uniform. In particular, it can be seen that the floor temperature near the wall facing the indoor unit 7 is higher than in the conventional example.
[0047]
Further, when the wind circuit is switched to the upper blowing, the opening / closing mechanism 23 is naturally closed by the wind pressure and the lower blowing inlet 9A is closed, so that the warm air that has passed through the heat exchanger 5 is blown out from the warmer outlet 18. Because it is possible to increase the blowing speed of warm air at a relatively high temperature, it reaches the ceiling surface, spreads throughout, circulates further, and further descends along the wall surface and reaches the floor surface. A comfortable living space that flows along the floor and is sucked in from the upper blowing inlet provided near the floor. Can be obtained.
In addition, since the opening / closing mechanism 23 that opens and closes naturally does not require power for driving the opening / closing mechanism 23, a significant energy saving effect can be obtained.
[0048]
Further, the opening / closing mechanism 23 for opening and closing the lower blowing suction port 9A requires special power for driving the opening / closing mechanism 23 by utilizing the wind pressure generated by the air flow before and after the lower blowing suction port 9A. Therefore, a significant energy saving effect can be obtained. In addition, by using a plurality of louvers 26, one louver is small and light, and the wind pressure required for opening and closing is small, so that reliable opening and closing is possible.
[0049]
(Example 2)
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the opening / closing mechanism according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
[0050]
The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that one side of a plurality of ribbon-shaped thin films 29 is fixed to the air filter 27.
[0051]
Example 3
9 is a perspective view of an opening / closing mechanism according to a third embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 10 (a) is a partial configuration diagram showing the opening / closing mechanism when it is opened, and FIG. 10 (b) is a partial configuration showing the opening / closing mechanism when it is closed. FIG.
[0052]
In FIG. 9, a bundle 29 of thin and short yarns, which are fixed by bundling one end face, is formed by flocking one side of the air filter 27. In the case of the wind flow indicated by the arrows in FIG. 10A, the bundled yarns are gathered by the flow, and a gap is formed between the bundles 29 of each yarn to pass the wind, while the arrows in FIG. In the case of the wind flow shown, the bundled yarn spreads by the flow, and there is no gap between the bundles 29 of each yarn, thereby blocking the passage of the wind.
[0053]
Thus, by configuring the opening / closing mechanism 23 as an air filter having a check function, the functions of the opening / closing mechanism 23 and the air filter 27 are integrated, and the structure can be simplified.
[0054]
Example 4
Fig.11 (a) is a block diagram which shows the warm air heater of the lower blowing state of Example 4 of this invention, FIG.11 (b) is a block diagram which shows the hot air heater of a blowing state same as the above.
[0055]
11 (a) and 11 (b), the louver 31 itself of the opening / closing mechanism 23 is formed of a shape memory alloy. For example, at 35 ° C. or lower, the louver 31 is opened as shown in FIG. 11 (a), and at 40 ° C. or higher. The closed state is set as shown in FIG.
[0056]
Next, the operation and action will be described.
[0057]
When the room temperature is low and the heating load is large, heating is performed in a downward blowing state.
[0058]
At this time, since the louver 31 of the opening / closing mechanism 23 is usually exposed to a low room temperature of 30 ° C. or lower, it opens as shown in FIG. On the other hand, when the indoor temperature rises and the heating load is small, heating is performed in an upward blowing state. At this time, the louver 31 is exposed to warm air of 40 ° C. or higher heated by the heat exchanger 5, Close like 11 (b).
[0059]
As described above, since the opening / closing mechanism is configured to be naturally opened / closed by thermal reaction, no power is required, thereby saving energy.
[0060]
Further, since the louver itself is a shape memory alloy, no other mechanism (such as a spring or a bearing) is required for driving the louver, and the structure can be simplified.
[0061]
(Example 5)
Fig. 12 (a) is a configuration diagram showing a hot air heater in a lower blowing state according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention, Fig. 12 (b) is a configuration diagram showing a hot air heater in a blowing state, and Fig. 13 (a). FIG. 13B is a sectional view of the opening / closing mechanism in the upper blowing state, and FIG. 14 is a perspective view of one element of the opening / closing mechanism.
[0062]
12 (a), 12 (b), 13 (a), 13 (b), and 14, the opening / closing mechanism 23 is a U-shaped case in which an elastic tube 33 enclosing a thermal expansion body 32 is enclosed. A plurality of lines 33 are arranged with one end fixed in 33. The thermal expansion body 32 is a substance having a characteristic of being condensed and liquefied at, for example, 35 ° C. or lower and evaporated at 40 ° C. or higher. Then, the elastic tube 33 is set in a contracted and open state as shown in FIG. 13 (a), and in a closed state as shown in FIG. 11 (b) at 40 ° C. or higher.
[0063]
Next, the operation and action will be described.
[0064]
When the room temperature is low and the heating load is large, heating is performed in a downward blowing state.
[0065]
At this time, since the thermal expansion body 32 of the opening / closing mechanism 23 is usually exposed to a low room temperature of 30 ° C. or lower, it condenses and liquefies, so that the elastic tube 33 contracts as shown in FIG. Then, the passage 34 is opened. On the other hand, when the indoor temperature rises and the heating load is small, heating is performed in an upward blowing state. At this time, the thermal expansion body 32 is exposed to warm air of 40 ° C. or higher heated by the heat exchanger 5. Since it evaporates and expands in volume, the elastic tube 33 expands and the passage 34 closes as shown in FIG. 13B.
[0066]
In this way, by configuring the elastic tube 33 enclosing the thermal expansion body 32 with one end fixed in the U-shaped case 35, the elastic tube is securely fixed and the operation guarantee can be ensured.
[0067]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above explanation, Book According to the invention, in the hot air heater having a blower, a casing of the blower, and a heat exchanger provided at an upper portion of the blower, the lower blowing inlet for sucking indoor air during lower blowing heating and the upper blowing heating Wind circuit switching means for switching between the upper blowing inlet provided in the vicinity of the floor for sucking indoor air, an upper blowing outlet for blowing warm air during upper blowing heating, and the upper blowing outlet Changed wind direction
Feather and suction port for lower blowing Neighborhood In Position to, Wind circuit switching means By It closes when it becomes the blowout side of the blower, and opens when it becomes the suction side Opening and closing mechanism When If the heating circuit is small, when the wind circuit is switched to the upper blower, the lower blower inlet will naturally close, and the hot air blown from the warmer blower will Since the blowout speed can be increased, it circulates further away and is sucked from the upper blowing inlet provided near the floor surface, so that it is possible to obtain a comfortable living space with a small difference in the vertical temperature of the room and no feeling of airflow it can.
[0068]
In addition, since the reverse flow of the wind to the filter is stopped, dust attached to the filter is not scattered at the time of lower blowing.
[0069]
Moreover, since the opening / closing mechanism that opens and closes naturally does not require power for driving the opening / closing mechanism, a significant energy saving effect can be obtained.
[0070]
According to the invention of claim 2, the opening and closing mechanism is Depending on the blower when opening and closing 2. The warm air heater according to claim 1, wherein the air pressure is naturally opened and closed by wind pressure, and special power for driving the opening and closing mechanism by utilizing wind pressure generated by the air flow before and after the lower blowing inlet. Therefore, a significant energy saving effect can be obtained.
[0071]
Also Open The closing mechanism is composed of a plurality of louvers having support shafts at both ends. Warm This is a wind heater, and by using a plurality of louvers, a single louver is small and light, and it requires less wind pressure to open and close, thus enabling reliable opening and closing.
[0072]
Also Open The closing mechanism consists of an air filter with a check function. Warm The structure of the wind heater can be simplified by integrating the functions of the opening / closing mechanism and the air filter.
[0073]
Also Open The closing mechanism is composed of a plurality of ribbon-like thin films with one side fixed. Warm It is a wind heater, and the weight is reduced by using a ribbon-like thin film.
[0074]
Also Open The closing mechanism is configured by flocking a bundle of thin and short threads that are bundled at one end and fixed on one side of the air filter. Warm It is a wind heater, and the air filter can be made thinner and lighter by using short yarn bundles.
[0075]
Also Open The closing mechanism is designed to open and close naturally by thermal response. Warm It is a wind heater that is open with room temperature wind at the time of lower blowing and closes at the high temperature of hot air that has passed through the heat exchanger at the time of upper blowing. It becomes.
[0076]
Also Open The closing mechanism consists of multiple louvers made of shape memory alloy. Warm Since it is a wind heater and the louver itself is a shape memory alloy, no other mechanism (such as a spring or a bearing) is required for driving the louver, and the structure can be simplified.
[0077]
Also Open The closing mechanism consists of a plurality of elastic tubes enclosing a thermal expansion body. Warm It is a wind heater, and the elastic tube in which the thermal expansion body is enclosed with the wind at room temperature when the bottom blows is shrunk to open the suction port for the bottom blow, and the hot air temperature passed through the heat exchanger during the top blow is The elastic tube encapsulating the thermally expanded body expands and the lower blowing inlet is closed, so that no power is required and energy is saved.
[0078]
Also ,heat The elastic tube encapsulating the expansion body is configured by fixing one end in a U-shaped case. Warm It is a wind heater, and the elastic tube is securely fixed, and operation guarantee can be secured.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a bottom blowing state of a hot air heater in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a state in which the hot air heater is blown up
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an open / close mechanism of the warm air heater.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the difference in the upper and lower temperature with respect to the amount of air blown from the same warm air heater
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the heat exchanger capacity with respect to the air volume of the hot air heater.
[Fig. 6] Airflow explanatory diagram of the same warm air heater
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of vertical temperature distribution of the same hot air heater.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an opening / closing mechanism of a second embodiment of the warm air heater.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an opening / closing mechanism according to a third embodiment of the warm air heater.
FIG. 10A is a partial configuration diagram showing the opening / closing mechanism when it is open.
(B) is a partial block diagram showing the opening and closing mechanism when closed
FIG. 11A is a configuration diagram illustrating a bottom blowing state of the fourth embodiment of the same hot air heater.
(B) The block diagram which shows the upper blowing state of Example 4 of the same warm air heater
FIG. 12A is a configuration diagram showing a bottom blowing state of the fifth embodiment of the same hot air heater.
(B) The block diagram which shows the upper blowing state of Example 5 of the same warm air heater
FIG. 13A is a cross-sectional view of an opening / closing mechanism in a lower blowing state of the fifth embodiment of the same hot air heater.
(B) is sectional drawing of the opening-and-closing mechanism of the upper blowing state of Example 5 of the same warm air heater
FIG. 14 is a perspective view of one element of an opening / closing mechanism of a fifth embodiment of the warm air heater.
FIG. 15 is a configuration diagram of the hot air heater in the first conventional example.
FIG. 16 is a configuration diagram of a hot air heater in a second conventional example.
FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a room for explaining the temperature distribution of the hot air heater in the first conventional example.
FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram of the distribution of the blowout temperature of the same hot air heater.
FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram of vertical temperature distribution of the same hot air heater.
[Explanation of symbols]
5 Heat exchanger
6 Blower
9A suction port for lower blowing
9B Top blowing inlet
14 Wind circuit switching means
15 casing
18 Warm side outlet (upper outlet)
19 Cold side outlet (upper outlet)
20 Wind direction change means
21 Warm-side wind direction change blade (wind direction change blade)
22 Cold wind direction change blade (wind direction change blade)
23 Opening and closing mechanism
25 Support shaft
26 louvers
27 Air Filter
28 Wind circuit switching control means
29 Ribbon-shaped thin film
30 Bundle of yarn
31 Louver made of shape memory alloy
32 Thermal expansion body
33 Elastic tube
35 U-shaped case

Claims

In a hot air heater having a blower, a casing of the blower, and a heat exchanger provided at the top of the blower, a lower blow inlet for sucking room air during lower blow heating and sucking room air during upper blow heating Air circuit switching means for switching between the upper blowing inlet provided near the floor surface, an upper blowing outlet for blowing warm air during upper blowing heating, and a wind direction change provided in the upper blowing outlet A hot air heater having an opening / closing mechanism located near the lower blowing inlet and closed by the wind circuit switching means when it becomes the blowing side of the blower and opened when it becomes the suction side .

The warm air heater according to claim 1, wherein the opening and closing mechanism is configured to be naturally opened and closed by wind pressure generated by a blower regardless of whether the opening and closing mechanism is closed .

The warm air heater according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the opening / closing mechanism is constituted by a plurality of louvers having support shafts at both ends.

The warm air heater according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the opening / closing mechanism is constituted by an air filter having a check function.

The hot air heater according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the opening / closing mechanism is constituted by a plurality of ribbon-like thin films having one side fixed.

The warm air heater according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the opening / closing mechanism is configured by flocking a bundle of thin and short yarns, which are bundled at one end face and fixed on one side of the air filter.

The hot air heater according to claim 1, wherein the opening / closing mechanism is configured to be naturally opened / closed by thermal reaction.

The warm air heater according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the opening / closing mechanism is constituted by a plurality of louvers formed of a shape memory alloy.

The warm air heater according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the opening / closing mechanism is configured by arranging a plurality of elastic tubes each enclosing a thermal expansion body.

The hot air heater according to claim 9, wherein the elastic tube enclosing the thermal expansion body is configured by fixing one end in a U-shaped case.