JP3834558B2 - Acoustic fluid machinery - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an acoustic fluid machine for gas using amplitude pressure fluctuation based on acoustic resonance.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A piston that can be reciprocated at high speed in the axial direction with a small amplitude is provided inside the large diameter base end of the acoustic resonance tube, and gas is generated by pressure fluctuations in the acoustic resonance tube due to the reciprocation of this piston. An acoustofluidic machine that sucks and discharges a gas from an end portion having a small diameter into an acoustic resonance tube is known.
[0003]
This acoustohydrodynamic machine uses the amplitude pressure fluctuation of the acoustic standing wave generated by the resonance phenomenon of the air column in the pipe accompanying the movement of the piston when the piston is reciprocated in the axial direction with a minute amplitude. As such, it is only provided with a vibration device that reciprocates a piston provided on the inner side of the proximal end of the acoustic resonance tube at a high speed.
[0004]
Therefore, it has the features that the structure is extremely simple and the risk of failure is small, and is expected to be widely used in the future.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The acoustofluidic machine described above is intended to propagate the sound wave generated on the surface of the piston that vibrates at a high speed to the tip of the small diameter to perform the desired intake / exhaust action. The interference of the sound wave that reaches the tip of the small diameter must be as small as possible.
[0006]
For this purpose, it is necessary to make the ratio of the length of the acoustic resonance tube and the diameter of the piston as large as possible. In other words, in order to efficiently obtain a certain suction / discharge capability, the length of the acoustic resonance tube must be made longer than a certain value as compared with the diameter of the piston.
[0007]
However, if the acoustic resonance tube is too long compared to the performance to be obtained, its application is restricted and the cost for manufacturing and installation is high.
[0008]
An object of the present invention is to obtain an acoustofluidic machine that is intended to expand applications and reduce manufacturing costs by minimizing the length of an acoustic resonance tube as compared with the diameter of a piston.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the present invention, the above object is achieved as follows.
(1) A piston that can be reciprocated at high speed in the axial direction with a small amplitude is provided inside the large diameter proximal end of the acoustic resonance tube, and the pressure fluctuation in the acoustic resonance tube due to the reciprocation of the piston is provided. the gas from the intake valve provided to the small-diameter distal end portion of the acoustic resonance tube by suction to the acoustic resonance tube, in the acoustic fluid machine is also adapted to discharge the exhaust valve provided in the small-diameter distal end portion, the acoustic the distance between the intake valve and the exhaust consists of valve intake valve device and the piston of the surface at the small diameter of the tip portion of the resonance tube, by a Kakyu constant over the entire surface of the piston, generated with the vibration of the piston The sound wave on the surface is effectively concentrated on the intake / exhaust valve device at the tip of the acoustic resonance tube .
[0010]
(2) In the above item (1), the surface of the piston is recessed with respect to the tip portion direction of the acoustic resonance tube.
[0011]
(3) In the above item (1) or (2), the shape of the surface of the piston is a radius that is a straight line connecting the center of the tip of the acoustic resonance tube and the center of the surface of the piston, and the tip of the acoustic resonance tube A concave arc surface with the center of the part as the center.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal front view schematically showing an embodiment of an acoustic fluid machine according to the first or second aspect of the present invention.
[0013]
This acoustofluidic machine is configured by attaching a vibration device (2) to the lower end large diameter portion which is the base end of the acoustic resonance pipe (1), and attaching an intake / exhaust valve device (3) to the upper end small diameter portion which is also the distal end. ing.
[0014]
The acoustic resonance tube (1) has a resonance hole (4) having a large diameter at the lower end and a gradually decreasing diameter as it goes upward. As for the dimensions of the resonance hole (4), for example, if the length from the upper end to the lower end is about 100, the upper end has a diameter of about 5 and the lower end has a diameter of about 35.
[0015]
The vibration exciter (2) also serves as a support, and has a piston (5) that is vibrated up and down by an appropriate vibration unit (not shown) on the upper surface. The piston (5) is made of a light alloy and is fitted to the lower end of the resonance hole (4), and a seal member (6) is fitted to the outer periphery thereof.
[0016]
The peripheral portion (19) is gradually inclined upward with respect to the center (18) of the surface of the piston (5).
[0017]
The acoustic resonance tube (1) has an outward flange (7) at the lower end, and the outward flange (7) is superposed on the upper surface of the vibration exciter (2) to produce the outward flange (7) and the exciter (2). Is fastened with an appropriate number of bolts (8).
[0018]
The intake / exhaust valve device (3) is provided with an inlet hole (9) on one side surface, and an intake hole (11) with an inward check valve (10) for inhaling outside air on the lower surface of the bottom wall (3a). Discharge having a chamber (12), an outlet hole (13) on the other side, and a discharge hole (15) with an outward check exhaust valve (14) for discharging pressurized gas on the upper surface of the bottom wall (3a) The chambers (16) are formed side by side and are mounted on the top of the small diameter of the acoustic resonance tube (1).
[0019]
One end of each of the inward check intake valve (10) and the outward check exhaust valve (14) was fixed to the lower side of the bottom surface of the suction chamber (12) and the upper side of the bottom surface of the discharge chamber (16). It consists of a reed valve made of a thin steel plate or a rubber plate valve. However, it may be of a ball type or other type.
[0020]
The valve opening resistance of the outward check exhaust valve (14) is set to be considerably larger than that of the inward check intake valve (10).
The suction chamber (12) and the discharge chamber (16) are separated by an image wall (17) .
[0021]
The drive frequency of the vibration exciter (2) is controlled by a function synthesizer (not shown) so that the acceleration of the piston (5) can be adjusted with an accuracy of about 0.1 Hz.
[0022]
When the piston (5) reciprocates with a small amplitude in the axial direction at the base end of the large diameter at the lower end of the acoustic resonance tube (1), the pressure amplitude in the acoustic resonance tube (1) becomes minimum accordingly. The outside air is sucked from the inlet hole (9), flows into the suction chamber (12), passes through the suction hole (11) and the inward check intake valve (10), and passes through the acoustic resonance pipe (1). Inhaled. In addition, when the pressure amplitude in the acoustic resonance tube (1) reaches a maximum, it is pressurized from the acoustic resonance tube (1) through the discharge hole (15) and the outward check exhaust valve (14). Thus, the liquid is discharged from the discharge chamber (16) through the outlet hole (13).
[0023]
As described above, the opening resistance of the outward check exhaust valve (14) in the discharge hole (15) is considerably larger than that of the inward check intake valve (10) in the suction hole (11). .
[0024]
Therefore, in the initial stage of operation, the air sucked into the resonance hole (4) through the suction hole (11) and the inward check intake valve (10) by the operation of the piston (5) follows it, The discharge hole (15) is not immediately discharged, and after the pressure in the resonance hole (4) rises above a certain level, the outward check exhaust valve (14) is opened for the first time, and the discharge hole (15) and the outlet are opened. It is discharged from the hole (13).
[0025]
Therefore, as compared with the case where the opening resistance of the inward check intake valve (10) and the outward check exhaust valve (14) are equal, the piston (5) reciprocates into the resonance hole (4). The density of the gas that is sucked and discharged increases, and as a result, the discharge pressure and the discharge amount also increase.
[0026]
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, with respect to the center (18) of the surface (upper surface) of the piston (5), its peripheral portion (19) is gradually moved upward, that is, toward the tip of the acoustic resonance tube (1). Therefore, the sound wave generated by the vibration of the piston (5) is directed inward, that is, toward the tip of the small diameter of the acoustic resonance tube (1).
[0027]
Therefore, even if the proximal end portion of the acoustic resonance tube (1) has a considerably large diameter, the sound waves are concentrated on the distal end portion having a small diameter, and an effective gas compression action is performed.
[0028]
Therefore, even if the length of the acoustic resonance tube (1) with respect to the diameter of the piston (5), and hence the diameter of the large diameter base end portion of the acoustic resonance tube (1), is considerably shortened, a high intake / exhaust action can be exhibited. .
[0029]
FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 showing an embodiment of the third aspect of the present invention.
[0030]
The acoustic fluid machine shown in FIG. 2 is basically the same as that shown in FIG. 1, and therefore, the same members as those shown in FIG. Only the location will be described.
[0031]
In FIG. 2, the shape of the surface (upper surface) of the piston (5) is a radius of a straight line connecting the center (20) of the tip of the acoustic resonance tube (1) and the center (21) of the surface of the piston (5). And a concave arcuate surface (22) centering on the center (20) of the tip of the acoustic resonance tube (1).
[0032]
Thereby, the wave on the surface of the piston (5) is more accurately concentrated on the center (20) of the tip of the acoustic resonance tube (1), and high efficiency is obtained.
[0033]
The recessed arc surface (22) may be an elliptical curved surface.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
Even if the piston has a remarkably large diameter, sound waves on its surface due to vibration are effectively concentrated on the suction / discharge valve device at the tip of the acoustic resonance tube, so that a high suction / exhaust effect can be obtained. The length of the tube can be made small.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a longitudinal front view showing an embodiment of the present invention according to claim 1 or 2;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal front view showing an embodiment of the present invention according to claim 1 or 3;
[Explanation of symbols]
(1) Acoustic resonance tube
(2) Excitation device
(3) Intake / exhaust valve device
(3a) Bottom wall
(4) Resonance hole
(5) Piston
(6) Seal member
(7) Outward flange
(8) Bolt
(9) Entrance hole
(10) Inward check valve
(11) Suction hole
(12) Suction chamber
(13) Outlet hole
(14) Outward check exhaust valve
(15) Discharge hole
(16) Discharge chamber
(17) Painting wall
(18) Center
(19) Peripheral part
(20) Center
(21) Center
(22) Concave arc surface

Claims (3)

The inner base end portion of the large diameter of the acoustic resonance tube, with a driving excitation, the piston is reciprocated in the axial direction at high speed small amplitude provided by the pressure variation in the acoustic resonance tube due to the reciprocating motion of the piston, acoustic resonance the gas from the intake valve provided to the small-diameter distal end portion of the tube was sucked into the acoustic resonance tube, also in the acoustic fluid machine adapted to eject the exhaust valve provided in the small-diameter tip of the acoustic resonator tube the distance between the intake valve and the intake valve device and the piston of the surface consisting of the exhaust valve in the small-diameter tip portion, by a Kakyu constant over the entire surface of the piston, the surface generated due to vibration of the piston An acoustic fluid machine characterized by effectively concentrating sound waves on a suction / discharge valve device at a tip of an acoustic resonance tube .   2. The acoustic fluid machine according to claim 1, wherein a surface of the piston is recessed with respect to a direction of a tip portion of the acoustic resonance tube.   The shape of the surface of the piston is a concave arc surface centered on the center of the tip of the acoustic resonance tube, with the radius connecting the center of the tip of the acoustic resonance tube and the center of the surface of the piston. The acoustic fluid machine according to claim 1, wherein:

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