JP3833462B2 - Evaporative drying method and evaporative drying equipment - Google Patents
Evaporative drying method and evaporative drying equipment Download PDFInfo
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- JP3833462B2 JP3833462B2 JP2000321988A JP2000321988A JP3833462B2 JP 3833462 B2 JP3833462 B2 JP 3833462B2 JP 2000321988 A JP2000321988 A JP 2000321988A JP 2000321988 A JP2000321988 A JP 2000321988A JP 3833462 B2 JP3833462 B2 JP 3833462B2
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- drying
- hatsuinui
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Description
【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は各種産業の生産設備から発生する廃液や水処理設備から排出され含水率の高い汚泥等の廃棄物を一体化して連続的に蒸発乾燥する方法と装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
含水率の高い廃液や汚泥等の廃棄物を処理する方法としては、各種の濃縮装置で濃縮し、更に乾燥装置で乾燥する等の別個の装置を併用し処理している。
【0003】
前項の濃縮装置では、残留水分が70%以上ありこのままでは廃棄できないため、更に乾燥装置にて処理している。このため設備費が嵩むばかりでなく、広い設置面積を要し、エネルギーの消費も多くランニングコストが高い等の悩みがある。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は上述の問題点に鑑み、生産設備や水処理施設から排出される廃液や高含水率の汚泥等を単一の装置で連続して効率良く濃縮乾燥し、経済的で省エネルギー化した装置を提案することを目的とする。
【0005】
【謀題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するため、請求項1の発明に係る蒸発乾燥方法にあっては、高含水率の廃液や汚泥を飽和蒸気で間接熱交換により水分を蒸発する工程と、過熱蒸気により乾燥する工程を一体的に連続して行う方法であり、該過熱蒸気は顕熱のみを乾燥工程に使用し、飽和蒸気化して蒸発工程の熱源に使用する。この方法によれば、乾燥工程の加熱管温度は過熱蒸気温度と略同一となり、乾燥物と伝熱面との温度差は大きくなり、熱伝達率は飛躍的に上昇する。又、飽和蒸気化された蒸気は蒸発工程で潜熱を使用し、飽和水としてボイラヘ再循環することにより排熱を有効に利用する。
【0006】
また、請求項2の発明は請求項1の蒸発乾燥方法を実施する装置であって、この蒸発乾燥方法の実施に不可欠の蒸発工程と乾燥工程を一体化するため、多段として構成したものである。各段の加熱管は環状で同心円上に複数配列し管は夫々ヒレ付として床を形成する。
【0007】
また請求項3の発明は請求項1の蒸発乾燥方法を実施する装置であって、乾燥工程の床は加熱管の外面中心部にヒレを付し、上面は乾燥加熱面として仂き、下面は蒸気過熱管として作用せしめる。
【0008】
また請求項4の発明は請求項1の蒸発乾燥方法を実施する装置であって、乾燥工程の下部に燃焼炉を設け、該燃焼室内に水管を配置してボイラ伝熱面を形成せしめ飽和蒸気を発生せしめる。燃焼室の天井は請求項3の乾燥工程の床と共用する。よって乾燥工程の床は上部が加熱管、下部が過熱蒸気管として作用することができる。
【0009】
また請求項5の発明は請求項1の蒸発乾燥方法を実施する装置であって、蒸発乾燥工程によって発生する水分(べ一パー)は、殆ど臭気を伴っているものが多いので、このべ一パーを装置上部より排出せしめ燃焼炉に導入し酸化脱臭するものである。概ね燃焼炉は1200℃程度に昇温されているので有効に酸化脱臭される。
【0010】
【作用】
請求項1の発明に係る蒸発乾燥方法によれば、廃液や高含水率の汚泥等は上部に位置する蒸発工程に投入され間接加熱により水分を蒸発し、濃縮されて下段の乾燥工程に流入する乾燥工程では間接加熱用熱源として過熱蒸気を使用し、被乾燥物は過熱蒸気温度に略等しく加熱されるので熱伝達率は飛躍的に上昇する。乾燥工程で顕熱を失った蒸気は飽和蒸気となって蒸発工程の加熱管に導入され潜熱を利用して飽和水として排出し、ボイラ給水として再循環し使用する。
【0011】
請求項2の発明に係る蒸気乾燥装置によれば、蒸発工程と乾燥工程を上下に配置し、それぞれの工程における間接加熱管を環状にし、同心円上に複数配列し管に「ヒレ」を付して夫々の床を形成する。このような構成にすることにより被蒸発乾燥物と加熱伝熱面との接触による熱伝達を良好にすることができると共に該乾燥物の移送を円滑にすることができる。
【0012】
請求項3の発明に係る蒸気乾燥装置によれば、乾燥工程の加熱管はヒレ付とし、上面は被乾燥物の加熱に、下面は燃焼ガスにより加熱される蒸気過熱面として作用する。また、請求項4の燃焼炉の天井として熱ガスを隔離する作用をなしている。
【0013】
請求項4の発明に係る蒸気乾燥装置によれば、乾燥工程の下部に燃焼炉を設け、この燃焼室内に水管を配してボイラ伝熱面を形成し、飽和蒸気を発生せしめ蒸発乾燥に必要な蒸気を発生させるよう構成するので装置が一体化して配備され連続した蒸発乾燥装置としてコンパクト化される。
【0014】
請求項5の発明に係る蒸気乾燥装置によれば、請求項1の蒸発乾燥方法によって被過熱物から蒸発した水分(べ一パー)を酸化脱臭するため装置上部より該べ一パーを排出せしめ、燃焼炉内へ導入し燃焼ガスで酸化し無臭化するためのものである。
【0015】
【実施例】
図1は、本発明の一実施例を示し、蒸発乾燥装置の縦断面図を示す。該図において1は蒸発工程の床を2は乾燥工程の床を示し、3は燃焼炉で夫々円筒状に多段に配置される。
【0016】
蒸発工程1及び乾燥工程2の間接加熱伝熱面は環状で同心円上に数列配置され管と管の間は「ヒレ」を溶接し床を形成する。乾燥工程2の管内は過熱蒸気が通り、管外は被乾燥物が接している。蒸発工程1の管内は乾燥工程を経て飽和蒸気化した蒸気が流れ、管外は高水分の被加熱物が接している。
【0017】
乾燥工程2の下部には燃焼炉3を設備し、その内部に水管群4を配列してボイラ伝熱面を形成する。
【0018】
水管群4は管寄5・6に集合され、管寄5より給水されて水管群4で蒸気を発生し、管寄6を経て乾燥工程伝熱管の管寄7に送気される。
【0019】
乾燥工程伝熱管の蒸気入口管寄7には環状ヒレ付の伝熱管が集合されており、該伝熱管の下部は過熱管として作用し上面は被乾燥物への接触伝熱面として作用している。
【0020】
乾燥工程のヒレ付伝熱管の出口管寄8は蒸発工程伝熱管の入口管寄9に接合され蒸発工程の熱源に使用され出口管寄10を経て飽和水としてボイラに再循環使用される。
【0021】
燃焼炉3には重油バーナー等の燃焼機11を設備する。
【0022】
燃焼機11で発生した熱ガスは水管群4の上部を通過し、燃焼炉3を約半周して折返し下部へ導入し熱交換して蒸気を発生せしめ排ガス出口12により排気筒へ放出する。
【0023】
高含水率の廃液及び汚泥等は装置上部の投入口13よりポンプ等により投入される。投入された廃液や汚泥等は蒸発工程1の床上で加熱管上に流れ、水分を蒸発しながら乾燥工程2の床に移送して加熱面と接触し、乾燥され所定の水分に乾燥されて排出口14を経て貯留される。
【0024】
投入口13より投入された高含水率の廃液や汚泥は、装置中心部に設けた回転軸15に取付けられた伸縮自在の鎖16によって蒸発工程1乾燥工程2の床上を360°移送される。伸縮自在の鎖16は夫々の床上を擢動し乍ら被乾燥物を移送するので、被乾燥物の攪拌を行うと共に床(加熱管)の清掃を行うので、熱効率の低下を防止できる。
【0025】
装置中心部に設けられた回転軸15は電動機による駆動装置19で回転し且可変速型とし、被乾燥物の水分や乾燥状態により変速可能としている。
【0026】
尚、装置本体上部には蒸発乾燥によって発生した水蒸気(べ一パー)を酸化脱臭するためべ一パー出口17を経て燃焼炉3に設けたべ一パー入口18より高温燃焼ガスと混合処理している。
【0027】
【発明の効果】
請求項1の発明に係る廃液や汚泥等の蒸発乾燥方法によれば廃液や汚泥等を間接加熱により水分を蒸発させて濃縮する工程と更に過熱蒸気を用いて間接加熱により乾燥させる工程とを一体的に構成し、連続して処理するため装置がコンパクトで熱エネルギーを有効に利用することができ、製作費・ランニングコスト共に安価で長期間に亙って安定して使用することができる・
【0028】
請求項2の発明に係る蒸発乾燥装置によれば請求項1の蒸発乾燥方法を効率的に実現させるため蒸発工程の下部に乾燥工程を配置し立体化し、伝熱管をヒレ付として床を形成し、被蒸発乾燥物と加熱面との接触を良好に保つと共に被乾燥物の移動を円滑に且加熱面に被乾燥物が付着しにくい構造とした。
【0029】
請求項3の発明に係る蒸発乾燥装置によれば乾燥工程を形成するヒレ付管による床は上面が被乾燥物と接し、下面は請求項4の燃焼炉の天井を形成して過熱伝熱面として作用せしめるばかりでなく、燃焼炉の高温ガスに接しても蒸気の通過により床の温度は過熱蒸気温度に近く焼損を防止できる。
【0030】
請求項4の発明に係る蒸発乾燥装置によれば乾燥工程の下部に燃焼炉を設けその内部に水管を配してボイラとし蒸気を発生するようにし、前記蒸発工程乾燥工程と多段に配列することにより装置がコンパクトで一体化して連続的に処理できる。
【0031】
請求項5の発明に係る蒸発乾燥装置おいて、廃液や汚泥等はその蒸発水分(べ一パー)から臭気を発するものが多いので装置上都から該べ一パーを引抜き燃焼炉における高温ガスと接触混合せしめ酸化脱臭し、悪臭公害を防止する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明に係る蒸発乾燥装置の一実例を示す縦断面図である。
【図2】 同平面図である。
【図3】 同蒸発工程の平面図である。
【図4】 同乾燥工程の平面図である。
【図5】 同燃焼炉の平面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 蒸発工程の床
2 乾燥工程の床
3 燃焼炉
4 ボイラ水管群
5 ポイラ管寄
6 ボイラ管寄
7 乾燥工程蒸気入口管寄
8 乾燥工程蒸気出口管寄
9 蒸発工程蒸気入口
10 蒸発工程蒸気出口
11 燃焼機
12 排ガス出口
13 被蒸発乾燥物入口
14 乾燥物出口
15 回転軸
16 鎖
17 べ一パー出口
18 べ一パー入口
19 駆動装置[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a process for the continuous steam Hatsuinui燥integrated waste such as sludge highly discharged water content from waste and water treatment equipment generated from the production facilities of various industrial devices.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a method of treating wastes such as waste liquid and sludge having a high water content, they are treated by using a separate apparatus such as concentrating with various concentrating apparatuses and further drying with a drying apparatus.
[0003]
In the concentrating device in the previous section, since the residual moisture is 70% or more and cannot be discarded as it is, it is further processed in a drying device. For this reason, not only the equipment cost increases, but also there is a problem that a large installation area is required, energy consumption is high and running cost is high.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In view of the problems described above, the sludge of the waste and high water content discharged from the production equipment and water treatment facilities in succession in a single device to efficiently concentrated Chijimiinui燥, economical and energy saving It aims at proposing the device which did.
[0005]
[Means for solving the plot]
To achieve the above object, in the vapor Hatsuinui燥方method according to the invention of claim 1, comprising the steps of evaporating water by indirect heat exchange effluent and sludge of high water content in the saturated vapor, drying by superheated steam The superheated steam uses only sensible heat in the drying process, and is converted to saturated steam and used as a heat source for the evaporation process. According to this method, the heating tube temperature in the drying process is substantially the same as the superheated steam temperature, the temperature difference between the dried product and the heat transfer surface is increased, and the heat transfer rate is dramatically increased. Further, the steam that has been saturated and vaporized uses latent heat in the evaporation process, and recirculates as saturated water to the boiler to effectively use the exhaust heat.
[0006]
Further, those of invention of claim 2 and an apparatus for carrying out the vapor Hatsuinui燥方method of claim 1, where for integrating this evaporative drying essential evaporation step in the practice of the method the drying step, is configured as a multistage It is. The heating tubes at each stage are annular and a plurality of concentric circles are arranged, and the tubes are finned to form a floor.
[0007]
The invention of claim 3 is an apparatus for carrying out the vapor Hatsuinui燥方method of claim 1, the floor of the drying step will be denoted by the fins on the outer surface center portion of the heat pipe, the upper surface is仂-out as a dry heating surface, The lower surface acts as a steam superheater.
[0008]
The invention of claim 4 is an apparatus for carrying out the vapor Hatsuinui燥方method of claim 1, the combustion furnace is provided in the lower portion of the drying process, by placing a water tube allowed formed boiler heat transfer surface to the combustion chamber Generate saturated steam. The ceiling of the combustion chamber is shared with the floor of the drying process of claim 3. Therefore, the floor of the drying process can act as a heating pipe at the top and a superheated steam pipe at the bottom.
[0009]
The invention of claim 5 is an apparatus for carrying out the vapor Hatsuinui燥方method of claim 1, moisture generated by the steam Hatsuinui燥step (base one par), since many of them have little with odor The vapor is discharged from the upper part of the apparatus and introduced into a combustion furnace for oxidative deodorization. Since the combustion furnace is generally heated to about 1200 ° C., it is effectively oxidized and deodorized.
[0010]
[Action]
According to evaporation Hatsuinui燥方method according to the invention of claim 1, sludge of waste and high moisture content water was evaporated by turned by indirect heating in the evaporation step which is located at the top, the concentration has been lower drying step In the drying process that flows in, superheated steam is used as a heat source for indirect heating, and the object to be dried is heated substantially equal to the superheated steam temperature, so that the heat transfer rate increases dramatically. The steam that has lost sensible heat in the drying process becomes saturated steam, is introduced into the heating pipe of the evaporation process, is discharged as saturated water using latent heat, and is recycled and used as boiler feed water.
[0011]
According to the steam drying apparatus of the second aspect of the invention , the evaporation step and the drying step are arranged up and down, the indirect heating pipes in each step are annular, a plurality of concentric circles are arranged, and “fins” are attached to the pipes. To form each floor. The transfer of the dried product with the tangent touching heat transfer by the heating heat transfer surface and be evaporated dry matter by such a structure can be improved can be smoothed.
[0012]
According to the steam drying apparatus of the third aspect of the invention, the heating tube in the drying process is finned, the upper surface acts as a heating surface of the object to be dried, and the lower surface acts as a steam heating surface heated by the combustion gas. In addition, as a ceiling of the combustion furnace according to the fourth aspect, the hot gas is isolated.
[0013]
According to the vapor drying apparatus according to the invention of claim 4, the combustion furnace at the bottom of the drying step is provided, by disposing water tubes forming the boiler heat transfer surfaces in the combustion chamber, by which the saturated steam vapor Hatsuinui燥It is compact as a vapor Hatsuinui燥apparatus which apparatus because configured to generate the steam are continuously deployed integrally required.
[0014]
According to the vapor drying apparatus according to the invention of claim 5, discharging the base one Parr from the top of the apparatus for oxidizing deodorizing water (base one per) evaporated from the superheated material by evaporation Hatsuinui燥方method of claim 1 It is used to squeeze into a combustion furnace and oxidize with combustion gas to make it non-brominated.
[0015]
【Example】
Figure 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, showing a longitudinal sectional view of a steam Hatsuinui燥device. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes an evaporation process bed, 2 denotes a drying process bed, and 3 denotes a combustion furnace arranged in multiple stages in a cylindrical shape.
[0016]
The indirect heating heat transfer surfaces of the evaporation step 1 and the drying step 2 are annular and arranged in several rows on a concentric circle, and “fins” are welded between the tubes to form a floor. The superheated steam passes through the inside of the tube in the drying step 2, and the material to be dried is in contact with the outside of the tube. Steam that has been saturated and vaporized through the drying process flows in the tube of the evaporation step 1, and a heated object in high moisture is in contact with the outside of the tube.
[0017]
A combustion furnace 3 is installed in the lower part of the drying step 2, and a water tube group 4 is arranged in the interior thereof to form a boiler heat transfer surface.
[0018]
The water pipe group 4 is gathered in the pipes 5 and 6, supplied with water from the pipe 5, generates steam in the water pipe group 4, and is sent to the pipe 7 of the drying process heat transfer pipe through the pipe 6.
[0019]
A heat transfer tube with an annular fin is assembled in the steam inlet pipe 7 of the drying process heat transfer tube, the lower part of the heat transfer tube acts as a superheater tube, and the upper surface acts as a contact heat transfer surface to the object to be dried. Yes.
[0020]
The outlet pipe 8 of the finned heat transfer pipe in the drying process is joined to the inlet pipe 9 of the evaporation process heat transfer pipe, used as a heat source for the evaporation process, and recycled to the boiler as saturated water through the outlet pipe 10.
[0021]
The combustion furnace 3 is equipped with a combustor 11 such as a heavy oil burner.
[0022]
The hot gas generated in the combustor 11 passes through the upper part of the water tube group 4, and circulates the combustion furnace 3 about half way, is turned back into the lower part, exchanges heat to generate steam, and is discharged to the exhaust pipe through the exhaust gas outlet 12.
[0023]
Waste water, sludge, and the like having a high water content are charged by a pump or the like from the inlet 13 at the top of the apparatus. The introduced waste liquid, sludge, etc. flow on the heating pipe on the floor of the evaporation process 1 and transfer to the floor of the drying process 2 while evaporating the water, contact with the heating surface, dried, dried to a predetermined moisture and discharged. It is stored via the outlet 14.
[0024]
The waste water and sludge having a high water content introduced from the introduction port 13 are transferred 360 ° on the floor of the evaporation step 1 and the drying step 2 by an extendable chain 16 attached to the rotary shaft 15 provided in the center of the apparatus. Since the stretchable chains 16 are moved on the respective floors to move the objects to be dried, the objects to be dried are stirred and the floor (heating tube) is cleaned, so that a decrease in thermal efficiency can be prevented.
[0025]
A rotating shaft 15 provided at the center of the apparatus is rotated by a drive device 19 using an electric motor and is of a variable speed type so that the speed can be changed depending on the moisture and dry state of an object to be dried.
[0026]
Incidentally, the device for the upper body to mixing treatment with the hot combustion gases from the base one per inlet 18 provided in the combustion furnace 3 via the base one per outlet 17 for the oxidation deodorization water vapor (base one per) generated by the steam Hatsuinui燥ing.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
And drying by indirect heating using a further superheated steam and vapor Hatsuinui燥方step of concentrating by evaporation the water by indirect heat waste and sludge according to the method such as waste or sludge according to the invention of claim 1 The system is compact and can be used continuously, so the equipment is compact and heat energy can be used effectively, and both production and running costs are low and can be used stably over a long period of time.・
[0028]
According to the evaporative drying apparatus according to the invention of claim 2 is lower in the drying process is arranged three-dimensional evaporation step for evaporation Hatsuinui燥方method of claim 1 realized efficiently, the bed heat transfer tubes as finned The structure is formed to maintain good contact between the object to be evaporated and the heating surface, and to smoothly move the object to be dried and to prevent the object to be dried from adhering to the heating surface.
[0029]
According to the evaporative drying apparatus of the third aspect of the present invention, the floor of the finned tube forming the drying step has its upper surface in contact with the material to be dried, and its lower surface forms the ceiling of the combustion furnace of the fourth aspect, and the superheated heat transfer surface. In addition, the bed temperature is close to the superheated steam temperature due to the passage of steam even in contact with the high temperature gas in the combustion furnace, and burning can be prevented.
[0030]
As a boiler to generate steam the combustion furnace is provided therein at the bottom of the evaporation drying apparatus according Invite drying process according to the invention of claim 4 arranged water pipes, the evaporated Engineering as Drying process and multistage sequence By doing so, the apparatus is compact and can be integrated and processed continuously.
[0031]
In the evaporating and drying apparatus according to the invention of claim 5, waste liquid, sludge, and the like often emit odor from the evaporated water (normal), so that the vapor is drawn from the upper capital of the apparatus and the high temperature gas in the combustion furnace. Oxidation and deodorization by contact mixing to prevent bad odor pollution.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of an evaporation drying apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the evaporation step.
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the drying step.
FIG. 5 is a plan view of the combustion furnace.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Evaporation process bed 2 Drying process bed 3 Combustion furnace 4 Boiler water pipe group 5 Boiler pipe 6 Boiler pipe 7 Drying process steam inlet pipe 8 Drying process steam outlet pipe 9 Evaporation process steam inlet 10 Evaporation process steam outlet 11 Combustor 12 Exhaust gas outlet 13 Evaporated dry matter inlet 14 Dry matter outlet 15 Rotating shaft 16 Chain 17 Perpar outlet 18 Perpar inlet 19 Driving device
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
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JP2000321988A JP3833462B2 (en) | 2000-09-14 | 2000-09-14 | Evaporative drying method and evaporative drying equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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JP2000321988A JP3833462B2 (en) | 2000-09-14 | 2000-09-14 | Evaporative drying method and evaporative drying equipment |
Publications (2)
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JP2002086134A JP2002086134A (en) | 2002-03-26 |
JP3833462B2 true JP3833462B2 (en) | 2006-10-11 |
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JP2000321988A Expired - Fee Related JP3833462B2 (en) | 2000-09-14 | 2000-09-14 | Evaporative drying method and evaporative drying equipment |
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Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP4679336B2 (en) * | 2005-11-01 | 2011-04-27 | 新明和工業株式会社 | Kitchen garbage dryer |
FR2953005B1 (en) * | 2009-11-23 | 2011-12-09 | Degremont | PROCESS AND INSTALLATION FOR DRYING PASTE MATERIALS, IN PARTICULAR SLUDGE OF PURIFICATION STATIONS |
FR2954814B1 (en) | 2009-12-30 | 2012-03-02 | Degremont | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DRYING PASTE MATERIALS, IN PARTICULAR SLUDGE OF PURIFICATION STATIONS, WITH GENERATION OF THERMAL ENERGY. |
CN111288770A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-06-16 | 山西朗泽环保科技有限公司 | Device and method for heat exchange, condensation, drying and dehydration in steam body |
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2000
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