JP3833336B2 - Disc brake device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device capable of attaining heat insulation from a brake shoe side of a brake caliper, while to prevent twisting of a piston supporting a brake shoe and its uneven wearing, in the disk brake device for a rolling stock or the like. SOLUTION: A piston 20 supporting a brake shoe 5A in a brake shoe support part 4A of a brake caliper is constituted by a base end side piston 21 and tip end side piston 22, the base end side piston 21 is received to a piston cylinder 10 with a prescribed clearance (x). The tip end side piston 22 is coaxially supported with a prescribed clearance (y) to a receiving hole 21A of the base end side piston 21, and in the tip end side piston 22, through a heat insulating plate 12, a brake shoe 5A is supported, on the other hand, between a bottom part of the tip end side piston 22 and a bottom surface of the receiving hole 21A is charged with many steel balls 24, the tip end side piston 22 is held in an axial direction between these steel balls 24 and a lock member 23.

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an improvement in a disc brake device used in a railway vehicle or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a railway vehicle or the like, for example, a disc brake device as shown in FIG. 2 is provided for each wheel to brake the vehicle.
[0003]
As shown in the figure, the brake caliper 1 of the disc brake device is pivotally attached via brackets 1A and 1B to a mounting portion 8 fixed on the vehicle body side via a support pin 9. The support pin 9 is disposed in parallel with the brake disc 3 of the disc brake device, and the brake caliper 1 is movable along the support pin 9.
[0004]
On the other hand, the pair of arms 2A and 2B of the brake caliper 1 have the brake supporters 4A and 4B mounted at the front ends around both sides of the brake disc 3 that rotates integrally with each wheel of the vehicle. The control members 5A and 5B are supported by these control members 4A and 4B, respectively, and the side surfaces of the brake disc 3 are sandwiched between them. The control members 5 </ b> A and 5 </ b> B are each provided with a planar friction surface, and these friction surfaces are opposed to both sides of the brake disk 3 substantially in parallel.
[0005]
In addition, a pair of pistons 6 (see FIG. 3) is built in one of the brake supporter support portions 4A in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 2, and the control member 5A is supported through these pistons 6. These pistons 6 are extended by receiving the supply of hydraulic pressure through a hydraulic pressure introduction port 7 disposed on the arm 2A on the same side, and as a result, the control member 5A is pressed against the brake disc 3 side. In this case, since the brake caliper 1 can move along the support pin 9, the brake members 5A and 5B eventually sandwich the brake disk 3 from both sides, and the brake disk 3 is caused by the friction force generated at this time. Is braked.
[0006]
FIG. 3 shows a cross section of the control member support portion 4A of such a disc brake device.
[0007]
As shown in the drawing, the piston 6 is slidably accommodated in a piston cylinder 10 formed on the brake supporter support portion 4A. In this case, a slight clearance (gap) is provided between the piston 6 and the piston cylinder 10, and a piston seal 11 is interposed near the end of the piston cylinder 10. The piston 6 is provided with a heat insulating plate 12 on the distal end side, and a control member 5A is attached to the heat insulating plate 12 and is extended by receiving hydraulic oil supplied from the base end side (left side in FIG. 3). Yes. Incidentally, the return mechanism of the piston 6 are not shown, it is incorporated in the brake shoe support portion 4 A.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, a hard rubber for vibration absorption is usually interposed between the railway vehicle and the wheel. When an external force is applied to the vehicle by cornering, for example, the hard rubber shrinks, so that the vehicle becomes a wheel. It tilts about 1 degree.
[0009]
In this case, the brake disc 3 of the disc brake device is integral with the wheel, whereas the brake caliper 1 is fixed to the vehicle side, so that the brake supporter 4A fixed to the brake caliper 1 On the other hand, it tilts in the left-right direction in FIG. 2, and twisting occurs between the piston cylinder 10 and the piston 6 in the restrictor support portion 4 </ b> A.
[0010]
Further, since this twist cannot be absorbed by the clearance between the piston 6 and the piston cylinder 10, the friction surface of the restrictor 5A is inclined to contact with the side surface of the brake disc 3 in the end. This causes uneven wear of the wheel 5A.
[0011]
Further, in this conventional disc brake device, since there is no structure for heat insulation between the brake control 5A side and the control support 4A, the heat from the control 5A that becomes high temperature due to friction with the brake disc 3 is used. There was a problem that the brake caliper 1 side became high temperature.
[0012]
The present invention has been made paying attention to such a problem, and in a disc brake device for a railway vehicle or the like, it is possible to prevent the piston supporting the restrictor from being twisted and to prevent uneven wear of the restrictor. It aims at providing what can aim at the heat insulation from the control side of a caliper.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention includes a brake disc that rotates integrally with each wheel of the vehicle, and a brake caliper that is attached to the vehicle side so as to be movable in the direction of the rotation axis of the brake disc. A disc brake device comprising: a pair of brake members sandwiched from each other; a piston that pushes one of the pair of brake members toward the brake disc side; and a piston cylinder that accommodates the piston, wherein the piston is a piston cylinder A proximal-side piston accommodated in the proximal-end piston, and a housing-side hole formed in the proximal-end piston accommodates the distal-end side piston coaxially, and a predetermined gap between the outer periphery of the distal-end side piston and the inner periphery of the accommodation hole. A locking member is provided to lock the tip end piston so that it does not come out of the receiving hole. , Between the bottom of the accommodation hole formed in the bottom of the distal-side piston formed in a planar shape and planar diameter than the distance between the bottom surface of the bottom portion and the receiving hole of the distal-side piston Filled with multiple small spheres .
[0014]
[Action]
In the present invention, when braking the vehicle, the piston side brake is pushed out to the brake disk 3 side by the extension operation of the piston, but the brake caliper can move in the direction of the rotation axis of the brake disk. Eventually, the pair of restrictors press the brake disc from both sides so that the wheel integrated with the brake disc is braked by the frictional force generated at this time.
[0015]
In this case, the front end side piston is held in a state where the movement in the axial direction is restricted and controlled between the plurality of small balls filled between the bottom portion of the front end side piston and the bottom surface of the receiving hole and the locking member. The disc brake device operates correctly by supporting the wheel firmly in the axial direction. On the other hand, for example, during cornering, braking may be performed with the wheels and the vehicle tilted. However, in the present invention, the piston that supports the restrictor is in relation to the proximal piston accommodated in the piston cylinder. Since the front end side piston that supports the restrictor at the front end can be tilted by a predetermined gap provided between the outer periphery of the front end side piston and the inner periphery of the receiving hole, the base end side of the front end side piston By tilting the piston with the tilt of the piston cylinder of the base end side piston, the tilt of the wheel and the vehicle is absorbed, and the brake is always in contact with the side surface of the disc brake correctly and in parallel. Therefore, no twisting occurs between the piston and the piston cylinder, and the braking device and the disc brake side surface are tilted to come into contact with each other, so that the braking force is not weakened and the braking device is not unevenly worn.
[0016]
Further, an air layer is formed between the plurality of small spheres filled between the bottom portion of the piston on the front end side and the bottom surface of the receiving hole, and as a result, the thermal contact area from the restrictor side to the piston cylinder side Therefore, even when the brake becomes hot due to friction with the brake disc during braking, heat is not easily transferred from the brake to the main body side of the brake caliper, and the heat insulation effect is enhanced.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0018]
Since the present invention is generally in common with the disc brake device shown in FIG. 2 in the overall configuration, the structure of the brake supporter 4A that is different from the above-described conventional example will be described below.
[0019]
FIG. 1 shows a cross section of the brake supporter support portion 4A in the disc brake device of the present embodiment.
[0020]
As shown in the drawing, the piston 20 is slidably accommodated in the piston cylinder 10 formed on the control member support portion 4 </ b> A via the piston seal 11. The piston 20 includes a proximal-side piston 21 that is coaxially accommodated in the piston cylinder 10, and a circular cross-section accommodation hole 21 </ b> A formed on the distal end side (right side in FIG. 1) of the proximal-end piston 21. The front end side piston 22 is accommodated coaxially.
[0021]
In this case, a predetermined clearance (gap) x is provided between the outer periphery of the base end side piston 21 and the inner periphery of the piston cylinder 10, and a predetermined clearance is provided between the outer periphery of the front end side piston 22 and the inner periphery of the accommodating portion 21A. y is provided respectively. As a result, the tip side piston 22 can be tilted with respect to the central axis of the piston cylinder 10 by the clearances x and y.
[0022]
Further, the front end side piston 22 is prevented from coming off from the accommodation hole 21A by a locking member (C pin) 23, and a large number of irons are formed between the bottom of the front end side piston 22 and the bottom surface of the accommodation hole 21A. A spherical body (iron ball) 24 is filled, and the tip side piston 22 is fixed in the axial position between the iron ball 24 and the locking member 23. These iron balls 24 are small in diameter so as not to inhibit the tilt of the front end side piston 22.
[0023]
The control wheel 5 </ b> A is supported on the distal end side of the distal end side piston 22 via the heat insulating plate 12 attached to the distal end side piston 22.
[0024]
Next, the operation will be described.
[0025]
When braking the railway vehicle, the hydraulic pressure introduced from the hydraulic pressure introduction port 7 is supplied to the piston cylinder 10 in accordance with the brake signal, and the piston 20 in the brake supporter 4A receives this hydraulic pressure and expands. The brake wheel 5A pushed out to the brake disk 3 side by the piston 20 is pressed against the brake disk 3 together with the brake wheel 5B on the opposite side, and the wheel is braked by the frictional force generated at this time.
[0026]
In this case, the restrictor 5 </ b> A is directly supported by the front end side piston 22, but the front end side piston 22 is held while the axial movement is restricted between the plurality of iron balls 24 and the locking member 23. Therefore, the control member 5A is firmly supported in the axial direction, and the brake operation of the disc brake device is not hindered.
[0027]
On the other hand, since the tip side piston 22 can be tilted with respect to the piston cylinder 10 (the control member support portion 4A) by the clearance x and y, for example, cornering or the like causes inclination on the wheel side and the vehicle side, For this reason, even when an inclination occurs between the brake disk 3 and the restrictor support portion 4A with which the restrictor 5A contacts, the inclination of the tip side piston 22 absorbs this inclination, so that the tip side piston 22 supports the inclination. The friction surface of the control member 5A is always in contact with the side surface of the disc brake 3 in parallel and correctly. Therefore, no twisting occurs between the piston 20 and the piston cylinder 10, and the braking device 5A and the side surface of the disc brake 3 are inclined to come into contact with each other, so that the braking force is weakened or the braking device 5A is unevenly worn. There is no end to it.
[0028]
In addition, as a result of the formation of an air layer between the many iron balls 24 filled in the accommodation holes 21A, the thermal contact area from the control wheel 5A side to the control wheel support portion 4A side is reduced. Therefore, even when the brake 5A becomes hot due to friction with the brake disc 3 during braking, the heat insulation from the brake 5A side can be effectively achieved.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, when braking the vehicle, the piston-side brake is pushed out toward the brake disk 3 by the extension operation of the piston, but the brake caliper can move in the direction of the rotation axis of the brake disk. Therefore, after all, the pair of restrictors press so as to sandwich the brake disk from both sides, and the wheel integrated with the brake disk is braked by the frictional force generated at this time.
[0030]
In this case, the front end side piston is held in a state where the movement in the axial direction is restricted and controlled between the plurality of small balls filled between the bottom portion of the front end side piston and the bottom surface of the receiving hole and the locking member. The disc brake device operates correctly by supporting the wheel firmly in the axial direction. On the other hand, for example, during cornering, braking may be performed with the wheels and the vehicle tilted. However, in the present invention, the piston that supports the restrictor is in relation to the proximal piston accommodated in the piston cylinder. Since the front end side piston that supports the restrictor at the front end can be tilted by a predetermined gap provided between the outer periphery of the front end side piston and the inner periphery of the receiving hole, the base end side of the front end side piston By tilting the piston with the tilt of the piston cylinder of the base end side piston, the tilt of the wheel and the vehicle is absorbed, and the brake is always in contact with the side surface of the disc brake correctly and in parallel. Therefore, no twisting occurs between the piston and the piston cylinder, and the braking device and the disc brake side surface are tilted to come into contact with each other, so that the braking force is not weakened and the braking device is not unevenly worn.
[0031]
Further, an air layer is formed between the plurality of small spheres filled between the bottom portion of the piston on the front end side and the bottom surface of the receiving hole, and as a result, the thermal contact area from the restrictor side to the piston cylinder side Therefore, even when the brake becomes hot due to friction with the brake disc during braking, heat is not easily transferred from the brake to the main body side of the brake caliper, and the heat insulation effect is enhanced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view showing a caliper brake device.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional restrictor support portion.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Brake caliper 2A Arm 2B Arm 3 Brake disk 4A Brake supporter 4B Brake supporter 5A Brake 5B Brake 7 Hydraulic introduction hole 8 Mounting part 9 Support pin 10 Piston cylinder 11 Piston seal 12 Heat insulation board 20 Piston 21 Base end Side Piston 21A Housing 22 Front End Piston 23 Locking Member 24 Iron Ball

Claims (1)

A brake disc that rotates integrally with each wheel of the vehicle;
A brake caliper attached to the vehicle side so as to be movable in the direction of the rotation axis of the brake disc,
The brake caliper is provided with a pair of restrictors that sandwich the brake disc from both sides, a piston that pushes one of the pair of restrictors toward the brake disc, and a piston cylinder that accommodates the piston. In the disc brake device,
The piston includes a proximal-side piston accommodated in a piston cylinder, and the distal-side piston is coaxially accommodated in an accommodation hole formed in the proximal-end piston, and the distal-end piston outer circumference and the accommodation hole inner circumference It provided a predetermined gap between the, comprising a locking member for locking so as not come off the tip side piston from the accommodation hole formed in the bottom portion of the distal-side piston formed in a planar shape and plane the A disc brake device characterized in that a plurality of spheres having a diameter smaller than the distance between the bottom portion of the tip side piston and the bottom surface of the housing hole are filled between the bottom surface of the housing hole .

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