JP3823555B2 - Multi-phase wave winding of rotating electrical machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a multiphase wave winding of a rotating electrical machine.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a winding method of a stator winding or a rotor winding of a rotating electrical machine such as a motor / generator, a conductor having a predetermined number of turns is wound around one magnetic pole, and after winding, concentrated winding that moves to the next magnetic pole, A wave winding in which a conductor is wound in a wave shape is known.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the case of concentrated winding, since winding is performed for each magnetic pole, production takes time. In addition, in the case of wave winding, when a three-phase coil widely used in a rotating electrical machine is wound, the coil end part is overlapped, so that the space of the coil end part becomes large and the physique of the rotating electrical machine increases. In addition, there is a problem that the resistance power loss in the total conductor length of the coil end portion increases.
[0004]
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a multi-phase wave winding of a rotating electrical machine capable of reducing the space of a coil end portion and resistance power loss.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to a slot conductor portion composed of a forward conductor portion and a return conductor portion alternately inserted into each slot of the core, and the same side end of the forward conductor portion and the return conductor portion formed integrally with the slot conductor portion. A coil conductor of each phase composed of a connecting conductor part that constitutes a coil end by connecting the parts, and the connecting conductor part extends from one end of the forward conductor part to one side in the circumferential direction A first overlapping portion extending outward in the axial direction, a second overlapping portion extending from one end of the return conductor portion to the other circumferential side and extending outward in the axial direction, and both the overlapping portions Furthermore, in the multiphase wave winding of the rotating electrical machine that overlaps in the radial direction with the other crossing conductors that are close to each other in the circumferential direction, the tip part has a tip part that protrudes in the axial direction. The second direction from the extending direction of the first overlapping portion. The direction is changed directly in the extending direction of the overlapping portion, and one end and the other end of the leading end portion of the crossing conductor portion are displaced in the radial direction by a thickness greater than or equal to a substantially radial thickness of the crossing conductor portion. This is a multiphase wave winding of a rotating electrical machine.
In the multi-phase wave winding of the rotating electrical machine of the present invention, the one end and the other end of the front end portion of the transition conductor portion are displaced in the radial direction by a thickness greater than or equal to the thickness of the transition conductor portion. Winding can be almost completed simply by accommodating the coil conductors of each phase produced in the above in the slot, and the winding can be performed in comparison with the conventional complicated winding process that has been performed manually using a winding machine. It will be much simpler.
[0006]
In addition, the three-dimensional shape of each of the transition conductor portions can be made almost equal to that of the conventional case where the transition conductor portion of the coil conductor is curved, and each of the transition conductor portions plastically deformed to the same shape is surrounded by Since the coil ends can be created by sequentially shifting in the direction, the coil ends can be remarkably miniaturized (especially reduced in the radial direction) compared to the prior art, and wasteful wiring of the transition conductor portion Resistance power loss due to extension does not occur, and the gap between the respective transition conductor portions at the coil end is constant, so that there is no problem that it is difficult to cool part of the transition conductor portion.
[0007]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the multiphase wave winding of the rotating electric machine according to the first aspect, the leading end portion of the crossover conductor portion has a step larger than the radial thickness of the crossover conductor portion in the radial direction. Therefore, the portions other than the step need not be plastically or elastically deformed in the radial direction, and the coil conductor can be easily manufactured and assembled.
According to the configuration of claim 3, in the multiphase wave winding of the rotating electrical machine according to claim 1 or 2, the coil conductor is linear while maintaining a posture in which the radial direction of the core coincides with the thickness direction. Since the conductor thin plate is formed by plastic deformation, it is easy to form a step, and the coil conductor can be easily manufactured.
[0008]
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in the multiphase wave winding of the rotating electric machine according to any one of the first to third aspects, the coil conductor has a substantially square shape that is thin in the radial direction of the core and wide in the circumferential direction. Since the coil conductor has a width that is narrower than the opening width of the slot at least when the coil conductor is inserted, the winding operation can be almost completed by simply pushing the slot conductor portion of the coil conductor formed in advance in the radial direction. In addition, after inserting a slot conductor part into a slot, you may squeeze the opening of a slot.
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated by the following examples. Of course, the three-phase stator coil of the present invention can be used not only as a stator coil but also as a rotor coil.
[0010]
[Example 1]
An embodiment of a three-phase motor in which the wave winding of the present invention is applied to a stator winding (stator coil) will be described. 1 shows a plan view of the stator of the motor, FIG. 2 shows a front view, FIG. 3 shows a part of the coil 2, and FIG. 5 shows an overall development view of the coil (three-phase stator coil) 2. .
[0011]
Reference numeral 1 denotes a stator core in which thin plate steel plates are laminated, and has a large number of slots opened on the inner diameter side. In each slot, a star-connected three-phase two-layer wave-type stator coil (hereinafter also simply referred to as a coil) 2 is wound. A plate-like wedge 4 for preventing the protrusion is fitted. An insulator 3 that insulates the coil 2 from the core 1 is inserted in the inner periphery of the slot.
[0012]
The coil 2 has a linear slot conductor portion 21 inserted into a slot and a transition conductor portion 22 formed integrally with the slot conductor portion 21, and both ends of the transition conductor portion 22 are sandwiched by two slots. They are individually connected to the same end of the pair of slot conductors 21 inserted into the slots on both sides. As shown in FIG. 1, the coil 2 is composed of three phase coils (coil conductors) 2a, 2b, and 2c, and the slot conductor portion 21 is the starting end of each phase coil 2a, 2b, and 2c, as shown in FIG. It consists of a forward conductor portion 21a extending in the forward direction as viewed from the side and a return conductor portion 21b extending in the return direction approaching from the start ends of the phase coils 2a, 2b, 2c. Therefore, the coil ends on both sides of the slot are precisely constituted by the end portions on both sides of the slot conductor portion 21 and the transition conductor portion 22, and each of the transition conductor portions 22 is connected to the slot conductor portion 21 as shown in FIG. On the other hand, it extends in the circumferential direction and the axial direction on the virtual cylindrical surface, and is a step in the radial direction by the thickness of the crossing conductor part 22 in the radial direction at the center part protruding to the axially opposite core side of the crossing conductor part 22. One 223 each.
[0013]
Hereinafter, the coil 2 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG.
FIG. 3A is a partial plan view showing a state before the slot insertion of the coil 2 that has been molded and is not curved into a cylindrical shape, and FIG. 3B is a diagram showing the molded state shown in FIG. FIG. 3C is a front view showing a state in which the phase coil (coil conductor) 21a of the coil 2 is viewed in the extending direction (x direction) of the slot conductor portion 21, and FIG. 3C shows the molded coil 2 in the slot conductor portion 21. It is a front view which shows the state seen in the extending direction (x direction).
[0014]
Before the transition conductor portion 22 is bent into a cylindrical shape, one end of the forward conductor portion 21a of the adjacent slot conductor portion 21 of the same coil conductor 21a and one end of the return conductor portion 21b of the slot conductor portion 21 are connected. The slot conductor portion 21 extends obliquely with respect to the x direction on the same plane.
The transition conductor portion 22 includes an overlapping portion 221 that overlaps with another transition conductor portion 22 that is adjacent in the circumferential direction in the radial direction, and a distal end portion 222 that protrudes further in the axial direction than the overlapping portion 221. It has a step 223 that is located in the central portion and extends in the radial direction and has a thickness equal to or greater than the thickness of the conductor portion.
[0015]
In this way, the thickness of the coil end can be compressed to approximately twice the thickness of the transition conductor portion 22, and the axial protruding dimension of the coil end can also be shortened. Furthermore, after the coil 2 is molded, it can be inserted into the slot, and the coil assembly process can be simplified.
The coil 2 includes six coil conductors 23 to 28 that are arranged in parallel at a distance of one slot pitch. The coil conductors 23 and 27 constitute the phase coil 2a, and the coil conductors 24 and 28 constitute the phase coil 2b. The coil conductors 25 and 26 constitute the phase coil 2c. Each of the coil conductors 23 to 28 has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape that is thin in the radial direction of the stator core 1 and wide in the circumferential direction, and includes a slot conductor portion 21 including an outward conductor portion 21a and a return conductor portion 21b, and an outward conductor portion 21a. And the transition conductor portion 22 connecting the return conductor portion 21b, and is bent in a zigzag manner.
[0016]
Furthermore, among the starting ends of the six coil conductors 23 to 28, the second, fourth, and sixth starting ends are short-circuited with each other to become a neutral point, and the remaining first, third, and fifth starting ends are three-phase stars. Terminals of the phase-connected coils 2a, 2b and 2c are formed.
However, in FIG. 5, the step 223 is provided in a direction different from that shown in FIG.
[0017]
(Molding of coil 2)
Hereinafter, the molding and assembling of the coil 2 will be described.
First, the six coil conductors 23 to 28 are arranged in parallel by being separated by one slot pitch. The slot conductor portion 21 and the transition conductor portion 22 are each formed in a straight strip shape, and the transition conductor portion 22 is obliquely provided with respect to the slot conductor portion 21 at an appropriate angle (here, about 60 degrees).
[0018]
Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the first six transition conductor portions 22 counted from the starting ends 23 to 28 of the coil conductors 23 to 28 are provided, and the step 223 is provided so that the first slot conductor portion 21 is located below. As a result, the second slot conductor portion 21 of the coil conductor 23 overlaps the first slot conductor portion 21 of the coil conductor 27, and similarly, the second slot conductor portion 21 of the coil conductor 24 corresponds to the coil conductor 28. The first slot conductor portion 21 overlaps the first slot conductor portion 21, and the second slot conductor portion 21 of the coil conductor 26 overlaps the first slot conductor portion 21 of the coil conductor 25.
[0019]
Hereinafter, the step 223 is sequentially provided, and the six coil conductors 23 to 28 are accommodated in two layers in each slot. As a result, each of the coil conductors 23 to 28 goes around, and a coil for two turns is formed in two layers in the slot.
Next, by providing a step 223 in the opposite direction to the conventional one, the subsequent slot conductor portion 21 can be smoothly arranged in the third and fourth layers in the slot, and the six coil conductors 23 to 28 are arranged. Each slot accommodates 4 layers. As a result, each of the coil conductors 23 to 28 performs the next round, and four turns of coils are formed in four layers in the slot. Thereafter, the necessary number of turns is produced by the same procedure as described above.
[0020]
Next, after making a predetermined turn, as shown in FIG. 5, the final transition conductor portion of the coil conductors 23 to 28 is about half the length of the current transition conductor portion 22, and the coil conductor The final crossover conductor portions 27 of 27, 25, and 28 are obliquely arranged in a line symmetrical direction with the final crossover conductor portions 22 of the coil conductors 23, 26, and 24. As a result, as shown in FIG. 5, the end portions of the last transition conductor portions 22 of the coil conductors 23 and 27 overlap, the end portions of the last transition conductor portions 22 of the coil conductors 24 and 28 overlap, and the coil conductors 25 and 26 The leading end portion of the final crossover conductor portion 22 overlaps, and a three-phase stator coil is formed by welding these overlapping portions.
[0021]
Next, the coil 2 manufactured as described above is inserted into each slot of the stator core 1. The starting ends of the coil conductors 202, 204, and 206 are short-circuited to be a neutral point.
(Insertion into the core)
Next, the insertion of the three-phase stator coil 2 manufactured as described above into the stator core 1 will be described below with reference to FIGS.
[0022]
The stator core 1 is formed by combining core pieces 11 that are divided into the same shape by the number of slots 10 as shown in FIG. The assembled three-phase stator coil 2 is held by a coil holding device (not shown) and fixed in the state shown in FIG.
A core piece holding device is disposed outside the three-phase stator coil 2 in the radial direction. This core piece holding device has as many core piece clamps as the number of core pieces 11, and each core piece clamp is arranged at a constant circumferential pitch outside the three-phase stator coil 2 in the radial direction. The both end faces of each are individually clamped in the axial direction. Next, each core piece clamping tool is moved simultaneously at a constant speed in the diameter reducing direction, whereby the teeth 12 of each core piece 11 are inserted between the slot conductor portions 21 (see FIG. 6). After that, by further moving each core piece 11 in the diameter reducing direction, each core piece 11 finally becomes one stator core 1 as shown in FIG. Finally, the joint edge 11c exposed to the outer peripheral surface and extending in the axial direction is welded in the axial direction to complete the stator core 1, and at the same time, the winding operation of the three-phase stator coil 2 is completed.
[0023]
This split core type stator core 1 is excellent in practicality in that the winding work can be simplified when combined with the above-described three-phase stator coil 2 having a step at the tip end in the axial direction of the transition conductor portion 22. ing. Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the outer peripheral portion 11a of the core piece 11 extends long in one side in the circumferential direction, the area of the contact portion 11b between the adjacent core pieces 11 can be increased. There is an excellent advantage that the magnetic resistance at the contact portion 11b between the core pieces 11 can be reduced to realize a great improvement in motor output.
[0024]
Of course, the outer peripheral portion 11a of the core piece 11 can be extended longer than shown in the embodiments of FIGS. 6 and 7, and when the diameter of each core piece 11 is reduced, it is simply moved in the centripetal direction. Of course, the diameter may be reduced by a so-called spiral motion.
[0025]
[Example 2]
Another embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. However, in order to facilitate understanding, components having common main functions are denoted by the same reference numerals. FIG. 4 is a partial plan view showing a state of the coil 2 before being inserted into the slot before being bent into a cylindrical shape.
In this modification, in the coil 2 shown in FIG. 3A, the tip end portion 222 that protrudes further in the axial direction than the overlapping portion 221 has four refracting portions 224. The crossing conductor portion 22 is stepped in the radial direction (here, the direction perpendicular to the paper surface) by the thickness of 22. In this way, the step processing of this portion becomes easy.
[0026]
In addition, since both ends of the front-end | tip part 222 should just be displaced by the thickness by radial direction, you may displace continuously in the meantime.
[0027]
[Modification]
In the above-described embodiment, a rectangular conductor having a rectangular cross section is used, but a round wire may be used. Alternatively, a plurality of conductors may be arranged in the circumferential direction to form one coil conductor.
Moreover, the bending direction of the crossing conductor part 22 is not limited to the above, but is arbitrary although it increases the necessary space of the coil end part.
[0028]
Further, six steps may be knitted by providing a step 223 for each coil conductor.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a stator in an embodiment of a three-phase motor in which a wave winding of the present invention is applied to a stator winding.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the stator shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 (a) is a partial plan view showing a state before the slot insertion of the coil 2 which has been molded and before being bent into a cylindrical shape, and FIG. 3 (b) is a plan view of FIG. 3 (a). FIG. 3C is a front view showing a state in which the phase coil (coil conductor) 21a of the formed coil 2 shown is viewed in the extending direction (x direction) of the slot conductor portion 21, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a front view showing a state of the slot conductor portion 21 as viewed in the extending direction (x direction).
FIG. 4 is a partial plan view showing a state of the coil 2 before being inserted into a slot before being bent into a cylindrical shape in Example 2.
FIG. 5 is a development view of the coil 2 according to the first and second embodiments.
FIG. 6 is a schematic partial front view (diameter-reduced state) showing the operation of inserting the coil 2 into the split stator core.
FIG. 7 is a schematic partial front view (diameter reduction completed state) showing an operation of inserting a coil 2 into a split stator core.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 is a stator core, 2 is a coil, 21 is a slot conductor part, 22 is a transition conductor part, 221 is an overlapping part of the transition conductor part 22, 222 is a tip part of the transition conductor part 22, 223 is a step of the transition conductor part 22

Claims (4)

A slot conductor portion composed of a forward conductor portion and a return conductor portion that are alternately inserted into each slot of the core and an end portion on the same side of the forward conductor portion and the return conductor portion that are formed integrally with the slot conductor portion. Coil conductors of each phase consisting of a transition conductor portion constituting a coil end, and the transition conductor portion extends from one end of the forward conductor portion to one side in the circumferential direction and outward in the axial direction. A first overlapping portion that extends, a second overlapping portion that extends from one end of the return conductor portion to the other circumferential side and extends outward in the axial direction, and more axially than the two overlapping portions. possess a distal end which projects, said both overlapping portions, in the multi-phase wave wound coils of a rotary electric machine overlapping the other bridging conductor portion and the radial direction toward the circumferential direction,
The tip portion directly changes direction from the extending direction of the first overlapping portion to the extending direction of the second overlapping portion,
One end and the other end of the front-end | tip part of the said crossing conductor part are displaced more than the substantially radial direction thickness of the said crossing conductor part to radial direction, The multiphase wave winding of the rotary electric machine characterized by the above-mentioned. In the multi-phase wave winding of the rotating electrical machine according to claim 1,
The multiphase wave winding of a rotating electrical machine, wherein a tip end portion of the transition conductor portion has a step in a radial direction that is equal to or greater than a thickness of the transition conductor portion in a substantially radial direction. In the multiphase wave winding of the rotating electrical machine according to claim 1 or 2,
The multi-phase wave winding of a rotating electrical machine, wherein the coil conductor is formed by plastic deformation of a linear conductor thin plate while maintaining a posture in which a radial direction of a core coincides with a thickness direction. In the multi-phase wave winding of the rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The coil conductor has a substantially square cross-sectional shape that is thin in the radial direction of the core and wide in the circumferential direction, and has a width that is narrower than the opening width of the slot. line.

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