JP3823467B2 - Downlight - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a downlight.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, there are downlights using incandescent bulbs and discharge lamps. A conventional downlight is formed by a light source and a reflector. Light distribution is controlled by a reflector, and an arbitrary light distribution cannot be obtained unless a very small light source is used.
[0003]
There is also a spotlight using a light bulb. A conventional spotlight includes a point light source, a reflector, and a lens. There are also those that punch a pattern into the aperture and project the pattern. In these configurations, in order to change the light distribution pattern, it is necessary to mechanically move the lens and the diaphragm, and if a large number of patterns are to be obtained, the apparatus becomes large. As a result, the weight increases and the installation site itself needs to be reinforced.
[0004]
In addition, there is a mirror ball that combines a spotlight using a light bulb and a rotating reflector. However, in conventional mirror balls, the rotating reflector is installed separately from the spotlight, so the overall size is large. become.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and the object of the present invention is to be able to arbitrarily change the light distribution and to realize a pattern drawing and a function as a mirror ball. The purpose is to provide a down-sized, lightweight, high-performance downlight that can change the light color.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the downlight of the present invention, in order to solve the above-described problem, a dome-shaped luminous body formed by arranging a plurality of point light sources on a hemispherical inner surface opened downward is provided at the opening of the ceiling surface. The light distribution can be controlled by controlling the individual light amounts of a plurality of point light sources. The plurality of point light sources are, for example, LEDs (light emitting diodes) , and the LEDs are configured so that the amount of light can be changed individually or for a certain group. Accordingly, if the light emission intensity of the LED that irradiates the specific direction is increased, or conversely, the light emission intensity of the LED that irradiates the specific direction is decreased, it is possible to change the light distribution without a movable part.
[00 07 ]
In addition, if LEDs having different light colors are appropriately arranged and the amount of light of each LED can be controlled in the same manner as described above, not only the light distribution but also the light color and color arrangement of the irradiated surface can be changed. .
[00 08 ]
In addition, if an LED with a highly directional lens is placed so that the optical axis is concentrated at a certain point, and a reflector or sphere is placed at the focal point, the light is sent to people by a small reflector. Is possible. If the LED is blinked in this state, an effect like a mirror ball can be obtained.
[00 09 ]
Here, the light emitted from the LED provided with one highly directional lens illuminates only a relatively narrow range on the irradiated object. And the light radiated | emitted from several LED appropriately angled overlaps and reaches an irradiation surface. Therefore, a pattern can be formed on the irradiated surface by appropriately blinking the LED of the light source. By forming this pattern, a light distribution or color distribution pattern can be generated.
[00 10 ]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Example 1
This embodiment is a small aperture downlight with a variable light distribution angle. As shown in FIG. 1, the LEDs are arranged on the inner surface of the dome D and installed on the ceiling or the like. Light emitted from the LED is irradiated toward the floor surface F through a small hole formed in the ceiling surface C. LEDs arranged in concentric circles are connected to each other. If only the LEDs arranged inside the concentric circles are lit, a narrow irradiation angle such as A can be obtained, and if the outer peripheral portion is also lit simultaneously, a wide irradiation angle such as B can be obtained. In this way, the illumination angle of illumination can be changed without mechanically moving the instrument or optical system.
[00 11 ]
(Example 2)
This embodiment is a downlight whose irradiation direction is variable. As shown in FIG. 2, the LED is arranged on the inner surface of the dome D and installed on the ceiling or the like. The light quantity of the LED can be adjusted every several groups. If only some of the LEDs in the dome are turned on as in A, it is possible to irradiate only a specific position instead of irradiating directly under the fixture as in a normal downlight. In the same instrument, if the position of the LED to be lit is changed as in B, the irradiated location also changes. In this way, it is possible to change the position where the illumination is irradiated without mechanically moving the instrument or the optical system.
[00 12 ]
Example 3
This embodiment is a downlight capable of pattern drawing and moving image drawing. As shown in FIG. 3, the LED is arranged on the inner surface of the dome D and installed on the ceiling or the like. If the LEDs to be lit are switched at high speed, a pattern can be drawn on the floor surface F or the like. Since the blinking speed of the LED is fast, it is possible to draw an animation by drawing different patterns every moment. That is, it is possible to realize a so-called morphing effect in which a certain pattern is first drawn and gradually changed to another pattern. If such a configuration is used, it is possible to perform effect lighting with movement.
[00 13 ]
Example 4
This embodiment is a downlight with a free light distribution, and particularly proposes a downlight with uniform illuminance. FIG. 4A shows a conventional downlight using an incandescent bulb h and a reflector m. In this case, the illuminance on the floor surface is high in the central portion and low in the peripheral portion. FIG. 4B shows an LED arranged on the inner surface of the dome D and installed on the ceiling or the like. Each of the LEDs is grouped for each concentric circle, and the amount of light can be adjusted for each group, and the amount of light is increased toward the periphery. For this purpose, either the current flowing through the LED is changed, or the mounting density of the LED is changed depending on the location, or both are used in combination. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 4B, it is possible to provide a large range of constant illuminance. Thereby, an excellent working light source is realized.
[00 14 ]
(Example 5 )
The present embodiment is characterized by a structure in which LEDs are mounted at an angle on a plane . As shown in FIG. 5 , the same effect can be obtained by mounting the LED 1 on a flat substrate 10, mounting the LED in the vicinity of the center vertically, and mounting the LED 1 at an angle as it goes to the periphery. . In this case, the number of LEDs that can be mounted is smaller than that in the case of mounting inside the spherical surface, but there is an advantage that the thickness of the device is reduced. In the figure, only the LED near the center and the LED near the periphery are highlighted.
[00 15 ]
(Example 6 )
This embodiment proposes a downlight with variable light distribution and color distribution. In the embodiments so far, a plurality of light emitting color LEDs are used to group the positions to be arranged, and further grouped for each color so that the light quantity can be changed simultaneously for each group. Thereby, not only the light distribution and the irradiation angle can be changed, but also illumination with different light colors depending on the irradiated position is possible. For example, light distribution and color distribution as shown in FIG. 6 are possible. This is an example in which the color of the central part a and the color of the peripheral part b are different.
[00 16 ]
(Example 7 )
The present embodiment is an example in which a structure for changing the light distribution and the color distribution is unitized. The hemispherical frame f shown in FIG. 7 is provided with holes for connecting the unit u to one surface, and a large number of units are installed there. The unit is a collective lamp of LEDs of a plurality of colors. By adopting such a structure, maintenance work can be easily performed. Furthermore, different shapes or sizes of instruments can be configured by a common lamp unit.
[00 17 ]
(Example 8 )
This embodiment is characterized by a combination with a reflector. Instrumentation described in previous examples, the vicinity of the opening which light is emitted to the outside, placing the reflector M as shown in FIG. When the appliance is installed on the ceiling surface C, light can be emitted to other than the floor surface (for example, the wall surface W). In particular, if the reflecting plate M is installed in the vicinity where the optical axes intersect, it is possible to change the direction of the light with a small reflecting plate.
[00 18 ]
(Example 9 )
The present embodiment is an example having a function as a mirror ball. In the appliances described in the embodiments so far, the reflecting mirror Mb having a spherical surface is installed in the vicinity of the optical axis of the light emitted from the LED installed on the inner surface of the hemisphere. In the example of FIG. 9 , the reflecting mirror Mb is suspended from the zenith of the dome D. By sequentially flashing the LEDs installed on the inner surface of the hemisphere, an effect as if light is rotating is obtained, and thus an effect like a mirror ball is obtained. This embodiment has high reliability because there is no mechanical rotating portion like a normal mirror ball.
[00 19 ]
(Example 10 )
In this embodiment, the position of the instrument is variable. In the embodiment described so far, as shown in FIG. 1 0, if the instrument height h to be movable up and down, which is more finely controllable illuminance and irradiation range. That is, the adjustment of the light distribution can be controlled by both the movement of the instrument and the lighting pattern of the LED.
[00 20 ]
By using this function, the following effects can be expected. With conventional appliances, the light distribution on the floor surface changed when the location of the appliance was changed. However, if the instrument described here is used, if the distance to the irradiated surface changes, it is possible to make the light distribution constant by changing the irradiation angle by changing the range of the LED to be lit. .
[00 21 ]
(Example 11 )
The present embodiment is an example of illumination in which the shape of the instrument opening and the shape of the light distribution are different. In the examples so far, especially as a combination of Example 1 and Example 3, if the direction of the LED to be mounted is appropriately selected, for example, light is emitted from a rectangular opening on the ceiling surface and the floor surface is irradiated. It is possible to draw a circular irradiation pattern.
[00 22 ]
(Example 12 )
This embodiment proposes a structure in which a large number of LEDs are mounted on the inner surface of a dome. For example, as shown in FIG. 11 , a structure is formed in which a number of holes corresponding to the diameter of the LED or holes 2 slightly larger than the LED are formed in a hemispherical shell 3 formed of plastic, rubber, resin, ceramic or metal. , insert the LED1 as shown in Figure 12 to each hole 2, it is connected. Each hole 2 is formed in a direction that determines the directivity of the LED. Thereby, the irradiation angle of LED1 can be controlled at the time of mounting. The hemispherical shell 3 can be manufactured by a mold, a press or the like. If an elastic material with good thermal conductivity is used, insertion and fixation are easy and a heat dissipation effect can be obtained.
[00 23 ]
(Example 13 )
The present embodiment is an example in which a dome shape is substituted using a reflector. In the embodiments so far, the configuration in which the LEDs are arranged on the inner surface of the spherical surface has been shown. However, as shown in FIG. 13 , the same effect can be obtained by combining the LED 1 arranged in an annular shape and the cone-shaped reflecting mirror 4. I can do it. It is difficult in terms of manufacturing method to arrange LEDs on the inner surface of a perfect spherical surface. However, if it is a reflecting mirror, a mirror that satisfies the desired conditions can be manufactured relatively easily. For example, an inverted conical specular mirror can be manufactured by a method such as vapor deposition of silver on the surface of a resin molded product. The cone-shaped reflecting mirror 4 is configured to approach the vertical direction as its reflecting surface goes downward, and to approach the horizontal direction as it goes upward. On the other hand, LED implementations also easily configured if cyclic, for example, as shown in FIG. 15, a number of LED1 on a flexible printed circuit board 6 which is connected a control cable 7 after mounting in a planar state, in FIG. 14 As shown, by winding around the LED guide collar 5, it can be deformed into an annular shape. The LED guide collar 5 has a number of holes corresponding to the diameter of the LED 1 or a number of holes 2 slightly larger than the LED, and the LED 1 is inserted into each hole 2 and fixed. Desired illumination can be obtained by appropriately designing the positional relationship between the curve of the reflecting mirror 4 and the LED 1.
[00 24 ]
The light source is not an LED, and the brightness and light distribution can be varied. For example, a light bulb such as a bean bulb may be used.
[00 25 ]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the light distribution can be arbitrarily changed, the pattern drawing and the function as a mirror ball can be realized, and the high-performance downlight capable of changing the light color can be reduced in size and weight. be able to.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a schematic configuration of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a schematic configuration of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a schematic configuration of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a schematic configuration of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a side view of an essential part of Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a schematic configuration of Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a schematic configuration of an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a schematic configuration of Embodiment 9 of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a schematic configuration of Embodiment 10 of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the appearance of a dome body used in Example 12 of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a main part of an LED mounting state according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a schematic configuration of Embodiment 13 of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is an exploded perspective view of a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing a flexible printed circuit board used in Example 13 of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
C Ceiling surface D Dome F Floor surface

Claims (6)

Provided with a dome-shaped light emitter with a plurality of point light sources arranged on the inner surface of a hemispherical surface that opens downwards above the opening on the ceiling surface, and controls the individual light intensity of the plurality of point light sources. A downlight that can be controlled.     2. The downlight according to claim 1, wherein the color arrangement can be controlled by controlling individual light colors of the plurality of point light sources.     2. The downlight according to claim 1, wherein a reflector or a mirror ball is disposed in the opening.     2. The downlight according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the opening and the light distribution shape are different.     In Claim 1, it replaces with a dome shape light-emitting body, The light-emitting body formed by arrange | positioning several point light sources substantially horizontally on the lower surface side is provided, and several point light sources are arrange | positioned toward the vertically downward direction as the center part of a light-emitting body. The downlight is arranged such that the peripheral portion is inclined toward the central portion. In Claim 1, instead of the dome-shaped light emitter, a cone-shaped reflecting mirror is disposed at the center of a plurality of point light sources arranged in an annular shape with the tip directed downward, and the cone-shaped reflecting mirror reflects its reflection. A downlight characterized by being configured to approach the vertical direction as the surface goes downward, and to approach the horizontal direction as the surface goes upward .

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