JP3818970B2 - Heating and stirring system in methane fermentation tank with gas holder - Google Patents

Heating and stirring system in methane fermentation tank with gas holder Download PDF

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JP3818970B2
JP3818970B2 JP2003030926A JP2003030926A JP3818970B2 JP 3818970 B2 JP3818970 B2 JP 3818970B2 JP 2003030926 A JP2003030926 A JP 2003030926A JP 2003030926 A JP2003030926 A JP 2003030926A JP 3818970 B2 JP3818970 B2 JP 3818970B2
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gas holder
methane
fermentation tank
methane fermentation
gas
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JP2004237238A (en
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紀夫 山田
豊 新飯田
聡 矢野
真司 植田
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Ebara Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/20—Sludge processing

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Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、し尿、厨芥、家畜糞尿等の有機性廃棄物に、メタン菌群類などの細菌を作用させ、メタン発酵を促進し、恒常的に連続して高い効率でメタンガスを発生させる際の、ガスホルダ一体型メタン発酵槽における加温及び撹拌方式に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、有機性廃棄物より回収したメタンガスは、都市ガス、ＬＰＧと共に高熱量のエネルギー源として周知であり、且つ注目されている。
そして、近年、省エネルギー対策の一環として、家畜の排泄物である糞尿をメタン発酵槽内で発酵させてメタンガスを発生せしめ、これを熱エネルギー源として各種用途に利用することが行われている。
【０００３】
従来、上記の糞尿などの有機性廃棄物からメタンガスを発生させ、これを例えば燃料として使用してボイラーを稼動し、そこからの蒸気や温水を加熱を要する場所に送ることにより利用している。
また、有機性廃棄物の嫌気性消化処理法において、メタン発酵槽とガスホルダは個別に設け、メタン発酵槽加温方式は、蒸気注入又は熱交換器を槽内に設けることにより、加温をしている。撹拌方式は、水中撹拌機を槽底に設けることにより、撹拌する方式を採用していた。
【０００４】
しかし、従来の装置は、メタン発酵槽、ガスホルダを夫々別個に独立して製作し、それぞれを配管で連結し、保温材を用いて各部材はもとより配管までも保温処理して構成しているので、その製作に可成りの時間と費用を要し、高価となるだけでなく、各槽を平面的に配置しているので、設置面積が大きくなって、所要床面積が大きくなっていた。また、メタン発酵槽からの放熱が大きいので、メタン発酵菌が活動する最適温度（約３５℃）に槽内温度を保持するため、槽内にヒータを配設して外部から補給熱エネルギーを与えて加熱しなければならず、特に寒冷期には補給熱エネルギー量が多くなる等の問題があった。
【０００５】
そこで、メタン発酵槽の外側に水槽を周設し、該水槽に水を入れて液封されるガスホルダをメタン発酵槽の上部に昇降自在なるように設けた、ガスホルダ一体型メタン発酵槽が提案された。このメタン発酵槽はガスホルダが一体であるため、設置面積が小さくてすむという利点がある。この形式のメタン発酵槽について幾つか提案されており、メタン発酵槽では槽の下部に攪拌機が設けられ、槽の周囲を保温材で囲んだ構造のものを使用している。しかし、このメタン発酵槽でも、設置面積が小さく、配管の工事が簡単であるなどの利点はあるが、それ以外の問題は解消していない。
【０００６】
また、家畜糞尿において、それを固液分離を行わずにそのまま高温で改質しつつ又は高温で改質処理した後に、圧搾して夾雑物を分離し、生じた搾汁液を生物学的に可溶化し、次いで中液温でメタン発酵させることにより、家畜糞尿を嫌気性消化処理する方法が提案されている（特許文献１）。この処理においてそのメタン発酵で発生するバイオガスを発電機に供給し、生じる発電機の排ガスを加熱源として、その家畜糞尿の高温改質処理に利用すれば、６０℃程度の高温改質処理を有効に行うことができるとされている。さらに、生ごみを嫌気性消化させる際に、嫌気性消化槽の流出水から浮遊固形物を除いた分離水を有機性廃水とともに生物学的硝化脱窒素処理して得た処理水で生ごみを希釈して、その固形物含有量を調整する生物学的処理法も提案されている（特許文献２）。
【０００７】
【特許文献１】
特開平１０−２３５３１７号公報
【特許文献２】
特開平１１−５７６６１号公報
【０００８】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、このような従来の課題に鑑みてなされたものであり、メタン発酵槽の加温に別の熱エネルギーを必要とすることなく、かつ製作費の低減とランニングコストのコストダウンを行える、メタン発酵槽の加温及び撹拌方式を提供することを目的とする。
【０００９】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の目的を達成するために、本発明は以下の構成からなるものである。
（１）有機性廃棄物の圧搾設備からの圧搾液の流入管と消化液流出管と撹拌設備とを備え、上部が開放したメタン発酵槽の外側に同心状に温水槽を周設し、該メタン発酵槽の開放上部を頂壁と側壁とよりなる浮屋根式ガスホルダにて覆うとともに、該ガスホルダの側壁を前記温水槽の加温水中に上下に浮動可能に挿入してなる、有機性廃棄物よりメタンガスを発生せしめるガスホルダ一体型メタン発酵槽において、メタン発酵槽で得られるメタンガスをガスエンジン発電ユニットに供給して電力を得るとともに、前記温水槽の水を前記ガスエンジン発電ユニットの熱交換器に通して、温度が上昇した循環水を前記温水槽に戻すことにより、前記メタン発酵槽の側壁を前記温水から圧搾液への伝熱面とし、同槽の温度を上昇せしめて前記メタン発酵槽の加温に利用することを特徴とするガスホルダ一体型メタン発酵槽。
（２）前記ガスホルダ側壁にワイヤロープ用ガイドを設け、略鉛直方向に配置したワイヤロープに沿って該ガスホルダを上下させるようにしたことを特徴とする前記（１）記載のガスホルダ一体型メタン発酵槽。
（３）撹拌機を浮屋根式ガスホルダ頂壁より下方に保持せしめて、該浮屋根式ガスホルダの上下方向の浮動により、撹拌機を上下に移動させることによって撹拌効率を向上することを特徴とする前記（１）又は（２）記載のガスホルダ一体型メタン発酵槽。
（４）有機性廃棄物の圧搾設備からの圧搾液の流入管と消化液流出管と撹拌設備とを備え、上部が開放したメタン発酵槽の外側に同心状に温水槽を周設し、該メタン発酵槽の開放上部を頂壁と側壁とよりなる浮屋根式ガスホルダにて覆うとともに、該ガスホルダの側壁を前記温水槽の加温水中に上下に浮動可能に挿入してなる、有機性廃棄物よりメタンガスを発生せしめるガスホルダ一体型メタン発酵槽において、メタン発酵槽で得られるメタンガスをガスエンジン発電ユニットに供給して電力を得るとともに、前記温水槽の水を前記ガスエンジン発電ユニットの熱交換器に通して、温度が上昇した循環水を前記温水槽に戻すことにより、同槽の温度を上昇せしめて前記メタン発酵槽の加温に利用し、撹拌機を浮屋根式ガスホルダ頂壁より下方に保持せしめて、該浮屋根式ガスホルダの上下方向の浮動により、撹拌機を上下に移動させることによって撹拌効率を向上することを特徴とするガスホルダ一体型メタン発酵槽。
【００１０】
本発明の骨子としては、下記の３ポイントが挙げられる。
ａ）メタン発酵槽とガスホルダを一体化することにより省スペース化を図ったメタン発酵槽。
ｂ）メタン発酵槽を温水槽で囲った上で、温水を循環させることにより、メタン発酵槽側面を熱交換器と兼用した加温方式。
ｃ）ガスホルダのメタンガスをガスエンジン発電ユニットに供給して電力を得るとともに、前記温水槽の水を前記ガスエンジン発電ユニットの熱交換器に通して温度が上昇した循環水を前記温水槽に戻す。
ｄ）ガスホルダと撹拌機を一体化することにより、撹拌機がガスホルダの上下運動に追随して移動し、撹拌効率が上昇する撹拌方式。
【００１１】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。なお、本発明はこれらの実施形態により何等制限を受けるものではない。
図１は、本発明に係るメタン発酵槽を含む発電システムの全体の説明図であり、図２は、該メタン発酵槽の縦断面図である。
【００１２】
先ず、図１について、メタン発酵槽５で発生したメタンガス１１を熱源として利用するガスエンジン発電ユニット１３のシステムについて説明する。
家畜の糞尿等の有機廃棄物1を圧搾設備２で圧搾した圧搾液４は、メタン発酵槽投入ポンプ３により圧搾液流入管４ａよりメタン発酵槽５の底部付近へ流入され、メタン発酵菌群類により発酵させられガスホルダ７内にメタンガス１１が貯留されるとともに、消化液１０はメタン発酵槽５の圧搾液流入管４の反対側から消化液流出管１０ａにより槽５外へ排出させられる。
【００１３】
ガスホルダ７とメタン発酵槽５の水面の間の空間に貯留されたメタンガス１１は、メタンガス流出管１１ａを経て脱硫装置１２により脱硫された後、ガスエンジン発電ユニット１３に熱エネルギー源として供給されて電気１４を発生する。なお、メタンガス１１の一部は、場合によっては、脱硫装置１３で脱硫後、メタンガス流出管１１ａからバイパスを経て余剰ガス燃焼装置１８により燃焼処分されることもある。
【００１４】
一方、メタン発酵槽５の外側に同心円状に周設した温水槽６内の加温水１９は、温水循環ポンプ１７により循環水送水管１５ａを通ってガスエンジン発電ユニット１３中へ送水され、ガスエンジン発電ユニット１３内熱交換器にて温水となり、温水返送管１６ａを通って温水槽６内へ返送され、メタン発酵槽５内の温度を中温発酵に必要な３５℃に上昇し、維持するように作用する。
【００１５】
次に、メタン発酵槽５の構造及び作用機構を、図２について詳細に説明する。
図２において、５は上部が開放されているメタン発酵槽であり、有機廃棄物の圧搾設備からの圧搾液の流入管４ａと消化液流出管１０ａとを対称的位置に備えている。消化液流出管１０ａレベルによって、メタン発酵槽５内の消化液２０の水位を任意の一定水位に保つようになっている。メタン発酵槽５は、ヒータなどの特別の熱発生機を必要とせず、ガスエンジン発電ユニット１３との間の循環水送水管１５ａと温水返送管１６ａを付設した、槽５の外側に同心円状に周設した温水槽６中の加温水１９により加温されるように構成されている。その際、循環水はガスエンジン発電ユニット１３からの排ガスを通す熱交換器に通してその排熱を回収するようにすることができる。
【００１６】
加温水１９の水位は、メタン発酵槽５内の消化液２０の水位とほぼ同水位になるように、温水返送管１６ａに設置した定水位弁（図示省略）によって、調節するようになっている。７は浮屋根式ガスホルダであって、メタン発酵槽５の開放状態の上部を覆う円錐状頂壁２１と温水槽６内の加温水１９中に上下方向に自在に浮動可能に挿入された側壁２２とから構成されている。２３はガス溜め室であって、メタン発酵槽５内の消化液２０の液面と温水槽６の加温水１９の水面とガスホルダ７との間に形成されている。１１ａはメタンガス流出管であり、２４はワイヤロープ用ガイドであって、ガスホルダ７に均等に４ケ所取り付けてあり、ガスホルダ７の上下方向の浮動を円滑にするような作用を有する。
【００１７】
以上のように、メタン発酵槽５の開放状態の上部をガスホルダ７と加温水１９によって密封してあることによって、嫌気性メタン発酵槽が形成され、さらにガスホルダ７の側壁２２を温水槽６内の加温水１９中に、ワイヤロープ用ガイド２４及びワイヤロープ２６により上下方向に自在に浮動可能に挿入してあることによって、嫌気性メタン発酵槽がガスホルダ一体型メタン発酵槽を形成している。しかも、浮屋根式ガスホルダ７の頂壁２１からは撹拌機８が懸架保持されていて、ガスホルダ７の上下方向の浮動に伴って、撹拌位置も上下動し、撹拌効果を高めるようになっている。さらに、メタン発酵槽５は、少なくとも側壁部が鋼板製とすることにより、温水槽６の加温水の熱が、そのままメタン発酵槽５内の消化液２０に伝わり、外部電熱源を必要とするヒータが不要で、化石燃料を必要としないので省エネ効果を生じるだけでなく、熱交換器を別に設けなくてもよく、設備費も低減化できる。
１例として、直径６４５０ｍｍ、液深３７００ｍｍのメタン発酵槽を挙げると、その中の消化液の液量は約１２０ｍ3で、比重を１とするなら約１２０トンになる。
【００１８】
図３は、本発明と対比するために、メタンガスを燃焼させて蒸気を発生させ、その蒸気でメタン発酵槽を所定温度に保持する方式を説明するためのものであって、ガスホルダとメタン発酵槽を別々に設置したボイラー加温システムのブロック図を示している。このシステムでは、有機性廃棄物１は脱水機投入ポンプ３１により夾雑物脱水機３２に送られて脱水され、圧搾液４は圧搾液貯留タンク３４に入り、夾雑物３３は場外に排出される。圧搾液４は圧搾液投入ポンプ３５によりメタン発酵槽５に送られ、メタン発酵処理され、発生したメタンガス１１は脱硫装置１２で脱硫された後、ガスホルダ３６に貯められる。そのメタンガス１１は蒸気ボイラー３８で燃焼されて蒸気４０を発生し、その蒸気４０はメタン発酵槽５に送られて同槽の加温に使用される。残りのメタンガス１１は余剰ガス燃焼装置１８に送られて燃焼処分させる。
【００１９】
【実施例】
以下実施例により本発明を具体的に説明する。ただし、本発明はこの実施例のみに限定されるものではない。
【００２０】
実施例１
図１に示す方式の装置を用いて、乳牛糞尿（含水率８８．５％）６トン／日を処理する。乳牛糞尿を糞尿受入ピット（容積１１ｍ3）に入れ、そこからポンプで夾雑物脱水機へ送って脱水し、圧搾液を圧搾液貯留槽に入れ、夾雑物は場外へ排出する。圧搾液貯留槽から圧搾液をメタン発酵槽投入ポンプでメタン発酵槽へ入れてメタン発酵を行わせた。メタン発酵槽での滞留日数は２０日である。
【００２１】
用いた各装置の仕様等は次の通りである。

Figure 0003818970
【００２２】
Figure 0003818970
【００２３】
極く大雑把に、これを１℃昇温させるには１２０，０００ｋｃａｌ、発酵に好適であるといわれる３５℃の中温発酵では、常温を２０℃としたときにこの１５倍量を必要とするが、ガスエンジン発電ユニットの発熱量は発電量にもよるが、これを大幅に上まわる発熱量を発生するので、ガスエンジン発電ユニットからの温水の熱だけで中温発酵は十分まかなえる。
【００２４】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、ガスエンジン発電ユニットの循環水の熱量だけでメタン発酵に、特に中温発酵に必要な熱量をまかなうことができ、省エネ的効果を生じる。メタン発酵槽の側壁が鋼板製であるので、熱交換器も不要である。さらに、ガスホルダの上下動に伴ってメタン発酵槽内の撹拌機の位置も上下に移動し、メタン発酵槽内の撹拌も効率が向上するという効果も生じる。
また、メタン発酵槽の開放状態の上部を、頂壁と側壁とより構成された浮屋根式ガスホルダによって覆うとともに、該ガスホルダの側壁を前記メタン発酵槽の外側に同心円状に形成した温水槽内の温水中に上下方向に自在に浮動可能に挿入したガスホルダ一体型メタン発酵槽に構成することによって、従来、別個に設置されていたメタン発酵槽とガスホルダを一体化できるので、設置面積が少なくてすみ、配管工事等も簡単になるので、設備費及び維持管理費が低廉化できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明のガスホルダ一体型メタン発酵槽を組み込んだガスエンジン発電ユニットシステムのブロック図である。
【図２】本発明のガスホルダ一体型メタン発酵槽の要部説明用断面図である。
【図３】ガスホルダとメタン発酵槽を別々に設置したボイラー加温システムのブロック図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 有機性廃棄物
２ 圧搾設備
３ メタン発酵槽投入ポンプ
４ 圧搾液
４ａ 圧搾液流入管
５ メタン発酵槽
６ 温水槽
７ ガスホルダ
８ 撹拌機
１０ 消化液
１０ａ 消化液流出管
１１ メタンガス
１１ａ メタンガス流出管
１２ 脱硫装置
１３ ガスエンジン発電ユニット
１４ 電気
１５ 循環水
１５ａ 循環水送水管
１６ 温水
１６ａ 温水返送管
１７ 温水循環ポンプ
１８ 余剰ガス燃焼装置
１９ 加温水
２０ 消化液
２１ 円錐状頂壁
２２ ガスホルダ側壁
２３ ガス溜め室
２４ ワイヤロープ用ガイド
２５ 温水槽用コンクリートパネル
２６ ワイヤロープ
３１ 脱水機投入ポンプ
３２ 夾雑物脱水機
３３ 夾雑物
３４ 圧搾液貯留タンク
３５ 圧搾液投入ポンプ
３６ ガスホルダ
３７ ガスホルダ空気ファン
３８ 蒸気ボイラー
３９ 蒸気[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, bacteria such as methane fungi are allowed to act on organic waste such as human waste, manure, and livestock excreta, promote methane fermentation, and generate methane gas continuously and with high efficiency. The present invention relates to a heating and stirring method in a gas holder integrated methane fermentation tank.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, methane gas recovered from organic waste is well known and attracts attention as a high heat energy source together with city gas and LPG.
In recent years, as part of energy conservation measures, manure, which is the excrement of livestock, is fermented in a methane fermentation tank to generate methane gas, which is used as a heat energy source for various purposes.
[0003]
Conventionally, methane gas is generated from the organic waste such as manure, and the boiler is operated using the methane gas as fuel, for example, and steam and hot water from the methane gas are sent to a place where heating is required.
In the anaerobic digestion method for organic waste, the methane fermentation tank and gas holder are provided separately, and the methane fermentation tank warming system is heated by providing steam injection or a heat exchanger in the tank. ing. As the stirring method, a stirring method was adopted by providing an underwater stirrer at the bottom of the tank.
[0004]
However, the conventional device is constructed by separately manufacturing the methane fermenter and gas holder separately, connecting each with piping, and using the heat insulating material to heat-treat each member as well as the piping. In addition to requiring a considerable amount of time and cost for the production, not only is it expensive, but also the tanks are arranged in a plane, so that the installation area is increased and the required floor area is increased. In addition, since heat radiation from the methane fermentation tank is large, in order to maintain the temperature inside the tank at the optimum temperature (about 35 ° C) at which the methane fermentation bacteria are active, a heater is provided in the tank to supply supplemental heat energy from the outside. There is a problem that the amount of replenishing heat energy increases especially in the cold season.
[0005]
Therefore, a gas holder integrated methane fermentation tank is proposed in which a water tank is provided around the outside of the methane fermentation tank, and a gas holder that is filled with water in the water tank is provided so as to be movable up and down above the methane fermentation tank. It was. Since this methane fermenter has an integrated gas holder, there is an advantage that the installation area is small. Several methane fermentation tanks of this type have been proposed. In the methane fermentation tank, a stirrer is provided at the bottom of the tank, and the tank is surrounded by a heat insulating material. However, this methane fermentation tank has advantages such as a small installation area and simple piping construction, but other problems have not been solved.
[0006]
Moreover, in livestock manure, it is subjected to high temperature modification without solid-liquid separation or after high temperature modification, and then compressed to separate impurities, and the resulting juice is biologically acceptable. There has been proposed a method for anaerobic digestion of livestock manure by solubilization and subsequent methane fermentation at medium temperature (Patent Document 1). If the biogas generated in the methane fermentation in this process is supplied to the generator, and the generated exhaust gas from the generator is used as a heating source for the high-temperature reforming process of the livestock manure, a high-temperature reforming process of about 60 ° C. is performed. It can be done effectively. Furthermore, when anaerobic digestion of garbage, the separated water from which the suspended solids are removed from the effluent of the anaerobic digestion tank together with organic wastewater is treated with the treated water obtained by biological nitrification and denitrification. A biological treatment method in which the solid content is adjusted by dilution is also proposed (Patent Document 2).
[0007]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-10-235317 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-57661
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and does not require additional heat energy for heating the methane fermentation tank, and can reduce production costs and running costs. It aims at providing the heating and stirring system of a methane fermenter.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises the following arrangement.
(1) An inflow pipe for digested liquid from a pressing facility for organic waste, a digestive juice outflow pipe, and an agitation facility, and a concentric hot water tank is provided around the outside of the methane fermentation tank opened at the top, An organic waste formed by covering the open upper part of the methane fermentation tank with a floating roof type gas holder composed of a top wall and a side wall, and inserting the side wall of the gas holder so as to float up and down in the warm water of the hot water tank. In a gas holder integrated methane fermentation tank that generates more methane gas, the methane gas obtained in the methane fermentation tank is supplied to the gas engine power generation unit to obtain electric power, and the water in the hot water tank is used as a heat exchanger for the gas engine power generation unit. through, by returning the circulating water temperature rises to the hot water tank, the side wall of the methane fermentation tank and the heat transfer surface to squeeze liquid from the hot water, the methane raised the temperature of the bath Gas holder integrated methane fermentation tank, characterized in that used for warming 酵槽.
(2) The gas holder integrated methane fermentation tank according to (1), wherein a wire rope guide is provided on the side wall of the gas holder, and the gas holder is moved up and down along a wire rope arranged in a substantially vertical direction. .
(3) The stirring efficiency is improved by holding the stirrer below the top wall of the floating roof type gas holder and moving the stirrer up and down by floating in the vertical direction of the floating roof type gas holder. The gas holder integrated methane fermentation tank according to (1) or (2).
(4) It is provided with an inflow pipe, a digestion liquid outflow pipe, and an agitation equipment for the compressed liquid from the squeezing equipment for organic waste, and a hot water tank is provided concentrically around the outside of the methane fermentation tank opened at the top, An organic waste formed by covering the open upper part of the methane fermentation tank with a floating roof type gas holder composed of a top wall and a side wall, and inserting the side wall of the gas holder so as to float up and down in the warm water of the hot water tank. In a gas holder integrated methane fermentation tank that generates more methane gas, the methane gas obtained in the methane fermentation tank is supplied to the gas engine power generation unit to obtain electric power, and the water in the hot water tank is used as a heat exchanger for the gas engine power generation unit. The circulating water whose temperature has risen is returned to the hot water tank, so that the temperature of the tank is raised and used for heating the methane fermentation tank, and the stirrer is placed below the top wall of the floating roof type gas holder. And allowed retention in, the vertical floating該浮roof gas holder, gas holder integrated methane fermentation tank, characterized in that to improve the stirring efficiency by moving the stirrer up and down.
[0010]
The gist of the present invention includes the following three points.
a) A methane fermentation tank that saves space by integrating a methane fermentation tank and a gas holder.
b) A heating method in which the side of the methane fermentation tank is also used as a heat exchanger by circulating the warm water after the methane fermentation tank is surrounded by the warm water tank.
c) Supplying methane gas from the gas holder to the gas engine power generation unit to obtain electric power, and passing the water in the hot water tank through the heat exchanger of the gas engine power generation unit to return the circulating water whose temperature has risen to the hot water tank.
d) A stirring method in which the stirring efficiency is increased by integrating the gas holder and the stirrer so that the stirrer moves following the vertical movement of the gas holder.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited by these embodiments.
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the entire power generation system including a methane fermentation tank according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the methane fermentation tank.
[0012]
First, a system of a gas engine power generation unit 13 that uses methane gas 11 generated in the methane fermentation tank 5 as a heat source will be described with reference to FIG.
The squeezed liquid 4 obtained by squeezing organic waste 1 such as livestock excreta with the squeezing equipment 2 is introduced into the methane fermentation tank 5 near the bottom of the methane fermentation tank 5 by the methane fermentation tank charging pump 3 through the pressurizing liquid inflow pipe 4a. And the methane gas 11 is stored in the gas holder 7, and the digestive juice 10 is discharged out of the tank 5 through the digestive juice outflow pipe 10 a from the opposite side of the compressed liquid inflow pipe 4 of the methane fermentation tank 5.
[0013]
The methane gas 11 stored in the space between the gas holder 7 and the water surface of the methane fermentation tank 5 is desulfurized by the desulfurization device 12 through the methane gas outflow pipe 11a, and then supplied to the gas engine power generation unit 13 as a heat energy source for electricity. 14 is generated. In some cases, a part of the methane gas 11 is desulfurized by the desulfurization apparatus 13 and then combusted by the surplus gas combustion apparatus 18 via a bypass from the methane gas outflow pipe 11a.
[0014]
On the other hand, the heated water 19 in the hot water tank 6 concentrically arranged outside the methane fermentation tank 5 is fed by the hot water circulation pump 17 through the circulating water feed pipe 15a into the gas engine power generation unit 13 to be supplied to the gas engine. It becomes warm water in the heat exchanger in the power generation unit 13, is returned to the warm water tank 6 through the warm water return pipe 16 a, and the temperature in the methane fermentation tank 5 is raised to 35 ° C. necessary for intermediate temperature fermentation so as to be maintained. Works.
[0015]
Next, the structure and action mechanism of the methane fermentation tank 5 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
In FIG. 2, 5 is a methane fermenter whose upper part is opened, and is provided with the inflow pipe 4a of the pressing liquid from the pressing equipment for organic waste and the digestive liquid outflow pipe 10a at symmetrical positions. The water level of the digestive liquid 20 in the methane fermentation tank 5 is maintained at an arbitrary constant water level depending on the level of the digestive liquid outflow pipe 10a. The methane fermentation tank 5 does not require a special heat generator such as a heater, and is concentrically formed outside the tank 5 provided with a circulating water supply pipe 15a and a hot water return pipe 16a between the gas engine power generation unit 13. It is comprised so that it may be heated with the heating water 19 in the surrounding warm water tank 6. FIG. At that time, the circulating water can be passed through a heat exchanger through which the exhaust gas from the gas engine power generation unit 13 passes, and the exhaust heat can be recovered.
[0016]
The water level of the warming water 19 is adjusted by a constant water level valve (not shown) installed in the warm water return pipe 16a so as to be substantially the same as the water level of the digestive liquid 20 in the methane fermentation tank 5. . Reference numeral 7 denotes a floating roof type gas holder, which is a conical top wall 21 covering the upper part of the open state of the methane fermentation tank 5 and a side wall 22 inserted in the warm water 19 in the hot water tank 6 so as to be freely floatable in the vertical direction. It consists of and. A gas reservoir chamber 23 is formed between the level of the digested liquid 20 in the methane fermentation tank 5, the level of the heated water 19 in the hot water tank 6, and the gas holder 7. 11a is a methane gas outflow pipe, and 24 is a wire rope guide, which is evenly attached to the gas holder 7 at four locations, and has the effect of facilitating the vertical movement of the gas holder 7.
[0017]
As described above, an anaerobic methane fermentation tank is formed by sealing the upper part of the open state of the methane fermentation tank 5 with the gas holder 7 and the heated water 19, and the side wall 22 of the gas holder 7 is further connected to the inside of the hot water tank 6. The anaerobic methane fermentation tank forms a gas holder integrated methane fermentation tank by being inserted into the warm water 19 so as to be freely floatable in the vertical direction by the wire rope guide 24 and the wire rope 26. In addition, the stirrer 8 is suspended from the top wall 21 of the floating roof type gas holder 7, and the stirring position also moves up and down as the gas holder 7 floats in the vertical direction to enhance the stirring effect. . Furthermore, the methane fermentation tank 5 is made of a steel plate at least on the side wall, so that the heat of the warm water in the hot water tank 6 is directly transferred to the digestive fluid 20 in the methane fermentation tank 5 and requires an external heat source. Is not necessary and fossil fuel is not required, so that not only an energy saving effect is produced, but a separate heat exchanger is not required, and the equipment cost can be reduced.
As an example, when a methane fermentation tank having a diameter of 6450 mm and a liquid depth of 3700 mm is taken, the amount of digestive liquid therein is about 120 m 3 , and if the specific gravity is 1, it will be about 120 tons.
[0018]
For comparison with the present invention, FIG. 3 is for explaining a method of burning methane gas to generate steam and maintaining the methane fermenter at a predetermined temperature with the steam. The block diagram of the boiler heating system which installed separately is shown. In this system, the organic waste 1 is sent to a debris dehydrator 32 by a dehydrator charging pump 31 and dehydrated, the compressed liquid 4 enters a compressed liquid storage tank 34, and the foreign substances 33 are discharged to the outside. The squeezed liquid 4 is sent to the methane fermentation tank 5 by the squeeze liquid charging pump 35, subjected to methane fermentation treatment, and the generated methane gas 11 is desulfurized by the desulfurizer 12 and then stored in the gas holder 36. The methane gas 11 is combusted by the steam boiler 38 to generate steam 40, and the steam 40 is sent to the methane fermentation tank 5 and used for heating the tank. The remaining methane gas 11 is sent to the surplus gas combustion device 18 for combustion disposal.
[0019]
【Example】
The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to this example.
[0020]
Example 1
Using the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, 6 tons / day of dairy cattle manure (water content 88.5%) is processed. Dairy cattle manure is put into a manure receiving pit (volume: 11 m 3 ), sent from there to a debris dewatering machine, dehydrated, and the squeezed liquid is put into a squeezed liquid storage tank, and the foreign substances are discharged out of the field. The squeezed liquid from the squeezed liquid storage tank was put into the methane fermenter with a methane fermenter charging pump to cause methane fermentation. The residence days in a methane fermenter are 20 days.
[0021]
The specifications of each device used are as follows.
Figure 0003818970
[0022]
Figure 0003818970
[0023]
Roughly roughly, 120,000 kcal to raise the temperature by 1 ° C., and 35 ° C. medium temperature fermentation, which is said to be suitable for fermentation, require 15 times this amount when the normal temperature is 20 ° C. The calorific value of the gas engine power generation unit depends on the amount of power generation, but it generates a calorific value that is much higher than this, so medium-temperature fermentation can be adequately achieved with only the heat of hot water from the gas engine power generation unit.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the amount of heat necessary for methane fermentation, particularly for medium temperature fermentation, can be provided only by the amount of heat of the circulating water of the gas engine power generation unit, thereby producing an energy saving effect. Since the side wall of the methane fermentation tank is made of steel plate, a heat exchanger is also unnecessary. Further, as the gas holder moves up and down, the position of the stirrer in the methane fermentation tank also moves up and down, and the effect of improving the efficiency of stirring in the methane fermentation tank also occurs.
The upper part of the open state of the methane fermentation tank is covered with a floating roof type gas holder composed of a top wall and a side wall, and the side wall of the gas holder is formed concentrically outside the methane fermentation tank. By constructing a gas holder integrated methane fermentation tank that is inserted in warm water so that it can float freely in the vertical direction, the methane fermentation tank and gas holder that have been installed separately can be integrated, so the installation area can be reduced. Since piping work and the like are also simplified, the equipment cost and maintenance cost can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a gas engine power generation unit system incorporating a gas holder integrated methane fermentation tank of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a main part of a gas holder integrated methane fermentation tank of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a boiler heating system in which a gas holder and a methane fermentation tank are separately installed.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Organic waste 2 Press equipment 3 Methane fermentation tank injection pump 4 Pressurization liquid 4a Pressurization liquid inflow pipe 5 Methane fermentation tank 6 Hot water tank 7 Gas holder 8 Stirrer 10 Digestion liquid 10a Digestion liquid outflow pipe 11 Methane gas 11a Methane gas outflow pipe 12 Desulfurization Apparatus 13 Gas engine power generation unit 14 Electricity 15 Circulating water 15a Circulating water water supply pipe 16 Hot water 16a Hot water return pipe 17 Hot water circulation pump 18 Excess gas combustion apparatus 19 Heated water 20 Digested liquid 21 Conical top wall 22 Gas holder side wall 23 Gas reservoir chamber 24 Wire rope guide 25 Concrete panel for hot water tank 26 Wire rope 31 Dehydrator charging pump 32 Contaminant dewatering machine 33 Contaminant 34 Pressurized liquid storage tank 35 Pressurized liquid charging pump 36 Gas holder 37 Gas holder air fan 38 Steam boiler 39 Steam

Claims (4)

有機性廃棄物の圧搾設備からの圧搾液の流入管と消化液流出管と撹拌設備とを備え、上部が開放したメタン発酵槽の外側に同心状に温水槽を周設し、該メタン発酵槽の開放上部を頂壁と側壁とよりなる浮屋根式ガスホルダにて覆うとともに、該ガスホルダの側壁を前記温水槽の加温水中に上下に浮動可能に挿入してなる、有機性廃棄物よりメタンガスを発生せしめるガスホルダ一体型メタン発酵槽において、メタン発酵槽で得られるメタンガスをガスエンジン発電ユニットに供給して電力を得るとともに、前記温水槽の水を前記ガスエンジン発電ユニットの熱交換器に通して、温度が上昇した循環水を前記温水槽に戻すことにより、前記メタン発酵槽の側壁を前記温水から圧搾液への伝熱面とし、同槽の温度を上昇せしめて前記メタン発酵槽の加温に利用することを特徴とするガスホルダ一体型メタン発酵槽。A methane fermenter is provided with an inflow pipe, a digestion liquid outflow pipe, and an agitation equipment for a compressed liquid from an organic waste squeezing equipment, and a concentric hot water tank is provided outside the methane fermenter with the upper part open. Is covered with a floating roof type gas holder comprising a top wall and a side wall, and the side wall of the gas holder is inserted into the warm water of the hot water tank so as to float up and down, and methane gas is obtained from organic waste. In the gas holder integrated methane fermentation tank to be generated, the methane gas obtained in the methane fermentation tank is supplied to the gas engine power generation unit to obtain electric power, and the water in the hot water tank is passed through the heat exchanger of the gas engine power generation unit, by returning the circulation water temperature rises to the hot water tank, the side wall of the methane fermentation tank and the heat transfer surface to squeeze liquid from the hot water, the methane fermentation tank raised the temperature of the bath Gas holder integrated methane fermentation tank, characterized in that used for heating. 前記ガスホルダ側壁にワイヤロープ用ガイドを設け、略鉛直方向に配置したワイヤロープに沿って該ガスホルダを上下させるようにしたことを特徴とする請求項１記載のガスホルダ一体型メタン発酵槽。 The gas holder integrated methane fermenter according to claim 1, wherein a wire rope guide is provided on the side wall of the gas holder, and the gas holder is moved up and down along a wire rope arranged in a substantially vertical direction . 撹拌機を浮屋根式ガスホルダ頂壁より下方に保持せしめて、該浮屋根式ガスホルダの上下方向の浮動により、撹拌機を上下に移動させることによって撹拌効率を向上することを特徴とする、請求項１又は請求項２記載のガスホルダ一体型メタン発酵槽。The stirring efficiency is improved by holding the stirrer below the top wall of the floating roof type gas holder and moving the stirrer up and down by floating in the vertical direction of the floating roof type gas holder. A gas holder integrated methane fermentation tank according to claim 1 or 2. 有機性廃棄物の圧搾設備からの圧搾液の流入管と消化液流出管と撹拌設備とを備え、上部が開放したメタン発酵槽の外側に同心状に温水槽を周設し、該メタン発酵槽の開放上部を頂壁と側壁とよりなる浮屋根式ガスホルダにて覆うとともに、該ガスホルダの側壁を前記温水槽の加温水中に上下に浮動可能に挿入してなる、有機性廃棄物よりメタンガスを発生せしめるガスホルダ一体型メタン発酵槽において、メタン発酵槽で得られるメタンガスをガスエンジン発電ユニットに供給して電力を得るとともに、前記温水槽の水を前記ガスエンジン発電ユニットの熱交換器に通して、温度が上昇した循環水を前記温水槽に戻すことにより、同槽の温度を上昇せしめて前記メタン発酵槽の加温に利用し、撹拌機を浮屋根式ガスホルダ頂壁より下方に保持せしめて、該浮屋根式ガスホルダの上下方向の浮動により、撹拌機を上下に移動させることによって撹拌効率を向上することを特徴とするガスホルダ一体型メタン発酵槽。A methane fermenter is provided with an inflow pipe, a digestion liquid outflow pipe, and an agitation equipment for a compressed liquid from an organic waste squeezing equipment, and a concentric hot water tank is provided outside the methane fermenter that is open at the top. Methane gas from organic waste, which is covered with a floating roof type gas holder consisting of a top wall and a side wall, and the side wall of the gas holder is inserted in the warm water of the hot water tank so as to float up and down. In the gas holder integrated methane fermentation tank to be generated, the methane gas obtained in the methane fermentation tank is supplied to the gas engine power generation unit to obtain power, and the water in the hot water tank is passed through the heat exchanger of the gas engine power generation unit, By returning the circulating water whose temperature has risen to the hot water tank, the temperature of the tank is raised and used for heating the methane fermentation tank, and the stirrer is kept below the top wall of the floating roof type gas holder. Allowed, by vertical floating 該浮 roof gas holder, gas holder integrated methane fermentation tank, characterized in that to improve the stirring efficiency by moving the stirrer up and down.
JP2003030926A 2003-02-07 2003-02-07 Heating and stirring system in methane fermentation tank with gas holder Expired - Fee Related JP3818970B2 (en)

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