JP3818611B2 - Foam fire extinguisher - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a foam fire extinguisher equipped with a portable water discharge pipe.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, as a fire extinguisher and a fire extinguisher, those using a fire extinguishing foam, those using a liquid, and those using a powder are known. Among these, the fire extinguishing apparatus using the fire extinguishing foam is effective for a fire accompanied by combustion of oils and a liquid level fire. In a foam fire extinguishing apparatus in which a water discharge tube is movable, that is, portable, a low foaming fire extinguishing foam having a low foaming ratio, for example, about 5 to 20 is generally used.
[0003]
As such a portable foam extinguishing apparatus, there is a fire extinguishing foam generating apparatus disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 58-10762. As shown in FIG. 12, this fire-extinguishing foam generating apparatus 1 has a porous body 11 such as a honeycomb structure that generates and discharges foam, and a liquid jet nozzle 12 is disposed behind the porous body 11 and air is blown. As a means, a fan 13 is provided.
[0004]
There is also known a high-foaming fire extinguishing device with a foaming ratio of the foam for fire extinguishing of 80 to 1000 ("friendly fire extinguishing equipment (4) foam fire extinguishing equipment", Air Conditioning / Hygiene Engineering, Vol. 71, No. 1 51-62, January 1997).
[0005]
In addition, as described in the left column on page 52 of the above-mentioned document “Easy Fire Extinguishing Equipment (4) Foam Fire Extinguishing Equipment”, the foaming ratio is defined as V1 as the volume of the foam aqueous solution, and air is mixed into this to generate foam. V2 / V1 when the volume of the generated foam is V2.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the low-foaming fire extinguishing device with a foaming ratio of 5 to 20, the apparent specific gravity of the fire-extinguishing foam is large, so the flying distance is, for example, 8 m or more, which is effective for extinguishing a distant fire. Then, the force that is bounced back is great, and it scatters in all directions. For this reason, for example, when there is an object such as a machine tool between a fire point, that is, a fire extinguishing target area and a water canister of a fire extinguisher in a factory or warehouse, the fire extinguishing foam released is blocked by that object, The amount to reach a certain fire point is small, and as a result it is forced to move around right and left and back, and the tilt angle and height of the water canister are changed in confusion, making it difficult to extinguish the fire, and depending on the location It can be difficult. In addition, in a liquid level fire, the liquid may be splashed off due to the momentum of the fire-extinguishing foam that has reached the liquid level, which may lead to the spread of fire.
[0007]
On the other hand, in a highly foamed fire extinguisher, the volume of the fire extinguishing foam is large and the apparent specific gravity is small. Therefore, it is effective for large space objects such as in LNG and LPG breakwaters, but it hardly flies forward. It is not suitable for extinguishing fires by blowing off fire extinguishing liquid from a position slightly away from the fire extinguishing point.
[0008]
Therefore, it is conceivable to increase the foaming ratio of the fire extinguishing foam based on the fire extinguishing foam generating device disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 58-10762. In this case, the fire extinguishing liquid is sprayed uniformly on the porous body 11. The cone shape of the fire extinguishing liquid ejected from the nozzle 12 is filled with the fire extinguishing liquid substantially uniformly from the outer peripheral surface area to the central area (hereinafter, this cone shape is referred to as a full cone). (It is called (full cone) shape), but foam is generated in the foam net, but there is a large amount of liquid passing through it, and as a result, foam with a high expansion ratio is used for fire extinguishing, for example, called middle foam It is virtually impossible to produce bubbles. In FIG. 12, the fire extinguisher portion having a full cone shape is shown as a set of points.
[0009]
This invention is made | formed under such a situation, The objective is to provide the fire extinguishing apparatus of the middle foaming (foaming ratio 50-150) provided with the water discharge pipe which can be carried.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has a water discharge port on the front surface, a water discharge tube that can be carried, a nozzle portion that is located behind and in the center of the front surface of the water discharge tube, and is formed at a position behind the nozzle portion, A vent for allowing air to be drawn into the water discharge cylinder when the fire extinguishing liquid is discharged from the nozzle section, and a fire extinguishing liquid from the nozzle section provided to close the water discharge cylinder at a position ahead of the nozzle section. A foam net part for foaming the fire extinguishing liquid in a hollow cone shape in which the fire extinguishing liquid is concentrated at the peripheral part so that the fire extinguishing liquid spreads toward the front from the nozzle part toward the foam net part. The foamed liquid that is discharged and configured so that the tip of the hollow cone-shaped extinguishing liquid collides with the outer edge of the foamed net part, and the foaming ratio of the discharged foamed liquid is 50 to 150.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show an example of a foam fire extinguishing apparatus according to the present invention and a fire extinguishing equipment using the same. As shown in FIG. 2, this fire extinguishing equipment is connected to a fire extinguishing liquid container 21 through a regulator 22 and a container valve 23 and is connected to a hose 25 connected to the fire extinguishing liquid container 21. The foam fire extinguishing device 3 is connected via the valve 26. The container valve 23 may be opened in advance, but may be manually opened in the event of a fire or interlocked with a sensor. Further, the container valve 23 may have a pressure adjusting function, or a pressure adjusting valve may be used in combination. The fire extinguishing liquid container 21 and the pressurizing gas container 24 are housed in, for example, an inner space of the wall surface 4 of the building and are fixed, and the foam fire extinguishing apparatus 3 is portable.
[0013]
As shown in FIG. 1, the foam fire extinguisher 3 is, for example, a water discharge cylinder 31 made of, for example, a cylinder whose both ends are open, a nozzle part 5 for injecting a fire extinguishing liquid into the water discharge cylinder 31, and the nozzle part 5. And a foam net part 34 for foaming a fire extinguishing liquid (shown by a broken line A in FIG. 1).
[0014]
The front end of the water discharge tube 31 is a water discharge port 32 and is closed by a foam net 34. The rear end of the water discharge cylinder 31 is opened as a vent 33. The vent 33 is provided for drawing air into the water discharge cylinder 31 when the fire extinguishing liquid is discharged from the nozzle portion 5.
[0015]
The foam net part 34 is formed in an umbrella shape, for example, such that its center protrudes forward in the water discharge direction (rightward in FIG. 1). The foam net portion 34 is configured such that the angle θ formed between the peripheral edge thereof and the inner peripheral surface of the water discharge cylinder 31 is, for example, 60 °, although not particularly limited. Since the foamed net portion 34 is inclined at such an angle, even if the opening ratio of the foamed net portion 34 is 50%, for example, the sum of the opening areas corresponds to 100% of the discharge cylinder cross-sectional area. .
[0016]
The nozzle portion 5 is provided behind the foamed net portion 34 and in the central portion of the water discharge tube 31 by being fixed to the water discharge tube 31 by, for example, support means (not shown). The nozzle unit 5 includes an outer cylinder 51, a spiral member 53 fitted in the outer cylinder 51, and a guide cylinder 50 fitted on the outer cylinder 51. The guide tube 50 has a diameter that increases toward the front, and a plurality of air inlets 50a are formed in the circumferential direction.
[0017]
The front end portion of the outer cylinder 51 is opened as a fire-extinguishing liquid ejection port 52. The rear end portion of the outer cylinder 51 is open and connected to a pipe 37 serving as a joint. The pipe 37 is connected to the opening / closing valve 26 (see FIG. 2) provided at a connection portion with the hose 25.
[0018]
As shown in FIG. 3, the spiral member 53 has a spiral groove 54 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body. The fire extinguishing liquid sent from the fire extinguishing liquid container 21 through the hose 25 or the like passes through the spiral flow path formed by the groove 54 of the spiral member 53 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 51, and the outer cylinder. It is ejected forward from 51 ejection ports 52. At that time, the jetted fire extinguishing liquid is rotated about its advancing direction. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, the jet shape of the fire extinguishing liquid 6 is a hollow cone shape in which the fire extinguishing liquid 6 is concentrated only in the outer peripheral surface area of the cone shape and there is little or no in the central area of the cone shape (hereinafter referred to as This cone shape is referred to as a hollow cone shape. The distribution when the fire extinguishing liquid having the hollow cone shape collides with the foam net 34 is also shown in front of the water discharge cylinder 31 of FIG.
[0019]
Thus, the fire extinguishing liquid 6 ejected from the nozzle portion 5 in the form of a hollow cone is configured to collide with the outer edge portion of the foam net portion 34. That is, the front end of the hollow cone shape reaches the foamed net portion 34 near the point B shown in FIG. This is because the hollow cone-shaped fire extinguishing liquid 6 is liquefied when it hits the inner peripheral surface of the water discharge cylinder 31 before the outer edge of the foamed net part 34 and cannot be efficiently foamed.
[0020]
The number of grooves 54 of the spiral member 53, the number of turns of the grooves 54, the depth and width of the grooves 54, and the like, the desired foaming ratio can be obtained, and the extinguishing liquid 6 becomes a hollow cone shape and the outer edge of the foam net part 34 Is appropriately selected so as to collide with each other.
[0021]
As the fire extinguishing liquid, for example, a foam aqueous solution obtained by diluting a base made of a hydrolyzed natural protein or a base made of a synthetic surfactant with water is used.
[0022]
If the foam fire extinguisher 3 and the fire extinguishing equipment configured as described above are used, the fire extinguishing liquid is ejected from the nozzle portion 5 into a hollow cone shape, hits the foam net portion 34, and is sucked from the vent 33 of the water discharge barrel 31. Bubbles are formed by air, but since the amount of bubbles increases with a small amount, medium-foaming foam with a foaming ratio of 50 to 150 is discharged from the water discharge port 32.
[0023]
When the present inventors produced the foam-extinguishing apparatus 3 having the above-described configuration and discharged water, it was possible to obtain a foaming fire-extinguishing foam having an expansion ratio of 50 to 150. Specifically, the pressure of the gas pressurized into the fire extinguishing liquid container 21 is set to, for example, 5 to 7 kg / cm ² , the inner diameter of the water discharge tube 31 is 80 mm, and the tip of the water discharge tube 31 to the tip of the nozzle unit 5 The distance was 220 mm. Further, the flying distance (horizontal distance from the tip of the water discharging cylinder 31 to the center in the front-rear direction of the foot step <falling area>) when the water discharging cylinder 31 was held by hand and set to an inclination angle of 30 ° was 4 m to 8 m.
[0024]
In this way, if the expansion ratio is 50 to 150, while securing an appropriate flying distance, it becomes a lump of bubbles, so that it slips over the surface of the object, climbs over the object, and goes around to the fire point while turning around, so the workpiece In addition to exhibiting excellent fire extinguishing ability even in places where objects such as the above are standing, effective fire extinguishing work can be performed without blowing off the liquid level even in a liquid level fire.
[0025]
Further, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), the fire extinguishing foam 7 released from the foam fire extinguishing device 3 is released toward a square object, and the foam 7 almost rebounds even when it collides with the object 18. Instead, he got over the object 18 and reached the back. FIG. 5B is a diagram showing a similar experiment performed with the foaming rate set to about 20. In this case, the fire-extinguishing bubbles 17 discharged from the water canteen 16 are almost rebounded by the object 18. I have.
[0026]
The distribution when the fire extinguishing liquid ejected from the nozzle portion 5 collides with the foam net portion 34 is such that the extinguishing liquid is the most at the outer edge portion of the foam net portion 34 and decreases in the inner region as shown in FIG. It may have a simple gradient. In this case, a water passage hole 55 is formed at the center of the spiral member 53, and the groove 54 is deeper than that of FIG. Further, the water discharge tube 31 may be a square tube, a blower means for forcibly introducing air into the water discharge tube 31 may be provided, or a flat net may be used for the foam net part 34.
[0027]
In the above description, the fire extinguishing liquid container 21 and the pressurizing container 24 are fixed in the above-described example, but may be configured so as to be able to move on the portable table or to move by themselves. Further, the fire extinguishing liquid container itself may be pre-stored without using the pressurizing container 24, or a water container and a foam stock solution container are provided, and the liquid in these containers is mixed and sent to the nozzle unit 5. Alternatively, instead of configuring as a unit type, a facility using a water tank, a pump, a foam stock solution tank, and a mixer may be used.
[0028]
Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the foam net portion 81 is configured by combining nets having different opening ratios, and is rotated and selectively positioned in front of the nozzle portion 9 for fire extinguishing of medium foam and low foam. The foam may be discharged. In FIG. 7, the difference in the aperture ratio is represented by the size of the saw blade shape of the foam net part 81. Further, as shown in FIG. 8, by changing the distance between the nozzle portion 9 and the foamed net portion 82, the middle foam and the low foam fire extinguishing foam may be discharged, or as shown in FIG. For example, by changing the distance between the two foamed net portions 83 and 84, the foam for mid-foaming and low-foaming may be discharged, or it may be separately provided in front of the foamed net portion 85 as shown in FIG. The foaming net part 86 may be attached and detached, and the foaming net part may be discharged by changing the number of foaming net parts. The combination of the shape of 87 and the water discharge pattern of the nozzle 9 (in this case, the nozzle portion 9 is a variable spray nozzle) may discharge water with a foam of medium foam and low foam.
[0029]
The foamed net portion as used in the present invention does not mean only a net-like body such as a wire net, but refers to a porous body such as a honeycomb material or a punching metal to be foamed.
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a fire extinguishing apparatus that can be carried and can discharge water with a foaming ratio of 50 to 150. Therefore, even if a machine tool or the like is installed in a factory or the like, it is possible to efficiently extinguish a fire on the other side of the machine tool or the like. Also, in the event of a liquid level fire, the fire extinguishing foam discharged covers the liquid level, which is extremely effective in extinguishing the fire.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a foam extinguishing apparatus according to the present invention together with an example of a distribution of a fire extinguishing liquid.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an example of fire extinguishing equipment using the foam fire extinguisher.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a spiral member of the foam extinguishing apparatus.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a jet shape of a fire extinguishing liquid jetted from the nozzle portion.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a state of fire extinguishing by the foam fire extinguishing apparatus of the present invention and a comparative example.
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another example of the distribution of the fire extinguishing liquid along with the longitudinal section of the foam extinguishing apparatus.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a first example of a foam fire extinguishing apparatus corresponding to both low foaming and medium foaming.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a second example of a foam fire extinguishing apparatus corresponding to both low foaming and medium foaming.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a third example of a foam fire extinguishing apparatus corresponding to both low foaming and medium foaming.
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a fourth example of a foam fire extinguishing apparatus that supports both low foaming and medium foaming.
FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing a fifth example of a foam fire extinguishing apparatus corresponding to both low foaming and medium foaming.
FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a fire extinguishing device for low foaming.
[Explanation of symbols]
5 Nozzle part 6 Fire extinguisher 31 Water discharge cylinder 32 Water discharge port 33 Vent port 34 Foam net part

Claims (1)

The front has a water outlet and a portable water canister,
A nozzle portion provided in the center and at a position behind the front surface of the water discharge tube;
A vent for the air to be drawn into the water discharge cylinder when the fire extinguishing liquid is discharged from the nozzle part, formed at a position behind the nozzle part,
A foam net part for foaming the fire extinguishing liquid from the nozzle part, provided to close the water discharge tube at a position ahead of the nozzle part;
The extinguishing liquid is discharged in a hollow cone shape in which the extinguishing liquid is concentrated on the peripheral part so that the extinguishing liquid spreads forward from the nozzle part toward the foam net part, and the tip of the hollow cone-shaped extinguishing liquid is A foam fire extinguishing apparatus characterized in that the foaming liquid is configured to collide with the outer edge of the foamed net part, and the foaming ratio of the foamed liquid to be discharged is 50 to 150.

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